A tooth separation apparatus used for dental treatment

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tooth separation apparatus (1) used in dental treatment to temporarily separate two teeth from each other, which comprises the following; a shaft (2) having a screw pitch thereon), at least one moving head (3) positioned on the shaft (2) and adapted to move linearly on the shaft (2) by rotation, at least two transmission arms (4) connected to the moving head (3) and extending from opposite sides of the shaft (2), at least one jaw (5) located at the ends of the transmission arms (4) and extending towards each other from around a tooth, at least two connecting arms (6) connected on one side to the shaft (2) and on the other side to the transmission arm (4) and adapted to direct the movement of the moving head (3) and the movement of the opposing jaws (5) between the two teeth, at least one conical part (7) with a conical shape that is located opposite each other at the ends of the jaws (5) and is large enough to fit between two teeth.

Description

[0001] A TOOTH SEPARATION APPARATUS USED FOR DENTAL TREATMENT

[0002] Field of the Invention

[0003] The present invention relates to a tooth separation apparatus used in dental treatment for temporarily separating two teeth from each other without the formation of a permanent gap between the teeth.

[0004] Prior Art

[0005] A dental filling is a dental treatment used to repair decayed areas or fractures in teeth and restore tooth function. During this procedure, the dentist removes the damaged tooth tissue and fills the cavity with filling material. In addition to restoring tooth function, the filling helps to prevent decay and improve the aesthetic appearance of the tooth. Matrix strip is used in the filling of interfacial caries in the process of tooth filling in order to prevent the filling material from being made more or less than the contour of the tooth during the condensation process, to prevent damage to the surrounding soft tissues and to avoid going beyond the appropriate anatomical form. Matrices consist of matrix strip and holder. The round-shaped ready-made matrix strip is placed between the teeth and the matrix compression tool ensures that it wraps around the tooth. Although the matrix strip is not intended to separate the teeth from each other, it causes separation at the micro level. The purpose of applying matrix strips is to ensure that the interface filling is made in accordance with the tooth anatomy rather than separating the teeth from each other.

[0006] In the state of the art, wedges (wood, plastic, fiber or elastomeric polymer) are used to ensure full adaptation of the matrix bands to the chole. These wedges are not used for tooth separation during tooth filling. The purpose of the wedges is to adapt the matrix strip to the tooth. A matrix strip can also be used during preparation to prevent damage to the adjacent tooth during the cleaning of interfacial caries. The purpose of this matrix strip is not separation.

[0007] In the state of the art, when preparing teeth with very tight contact, there may be a need to open the space between the bur and the tooth, which may cause more material loss from the tooth tissue. After the application of interface dental fillings, there can often be a problem of gaps in the occlusal and gingival embrasures, which means that the space between two teeth is large. The problem of having a gap between two teeth after a filling can cause decay in the filled and adjacent teeth over time, and can also reduce comfort and cause pain (food impaction). It also causes damage to the surrounding peridontium. Similar instruments are also used for temporary separation in orthodontic treatments. Permanent separation is also performed with plastic, rubber, metal wires or wedges. In these processes, these tools that provide separation are kept for at least two days to a week to ensure permanent separation. In the state of the art, the wedges are used as a protective barrier in the separation of teeth in very close contact to prevent damage to the adjacent tooth during cavity opening. However, if these wedges are used, the gap between the two teeth is more than the physiological and biological normal gap. In the state of the art, a dental bur is also used for the separation of teeth with very close contact, which results in a gap between the two teeth that exceeds the physiologically and biologically normal gap. The formation of a gap between teeth can cause food to accumulate between two teeth. If food gets stuck between two teeth, this reduces comfort and can cause tooth decay. In addition, the formation of a gap between two teeth can also cause peridontium damage in the area. In the state of the art, the opening of the spaces between the teeth is generally not done in the current techniques of filling procedures. The wedges and matrix strips used can generally provide separation at a micro level, but the purpose of the matrix and wedges used here is not separation. While the matrix strip aims to create a mold on the tooth interface, the wedge aims to fix the matrix strip in accordance with the gum. Therefore, during the filling process with the matrix strip, the tooth separation process should be performed by performing a physiological and biological springback movement.

[0008] In the patent application numbered US7214058B2 of the state of the art, a cushion part numbered 18 is mentioned, which is attached between the teeth together with the matrix strip in dental treatment to separate the teeth from each other. The mentioned cushion piece is fixed on a circular wire and is passed between the teeth.

[0009] Brief Description of the Invention

[0010] The object of the present invention is to realize a tooth separation apparatus used in dental treatment for temporarily separating two teeth from each other and preventing a permanent gap between the teeth.

[0011] Another object of the present invention is to realize a tooth separation apparatus that enables an optimal, physically, physiologically and biologically compatible and easier filling of interfacial tooth fillings in dentistry.

[0012] A further object of the present invention is to provide a tooth separation apparatus which allows the formation of a short-term, temporary and reversible separation and allows the matrix strip and its compactor to operate during the separation.

[0013] A further object of the present invention is to provide a tooth separation apparatus for the gradual adjustment of the spacing distance of two teeth in dental treatment.

[0014] A further object of the present invention is to realize a tooth separation apparatus that is easily adaptable to the back teeth in the mouth and is used in dental treatment to temporarily separate two teeth from each other. Another object of the present invention is to realize a tooth separation apparatus for temporarily separating two teeth from each other in dental treatment, which can be used repeatedly and can be considered recyclable.

[0015] A further object of the present invention is to provide a tooth separation apparatus for temporarily separating two teeth from each other in dental treatment, the tooth spacing distance being adjustable.

[0016] A further object of the present invention is to provide a tooth separation apparatus suitable for use in conjunction with a matrix strip in filling treatment and for temporarily separating two teeth from each other in a dental filling process.

[0017] A further object of the present invention is to provide a tooth separation apparatus for opening the distance between two teeth coronally and periodontally by about 0.4-1.5 mm as permitted by the peridontium.

[0018] Detailed Description of the Invention

[0019] Among the figures related to the tooth separation apparatus realized to achieve the object of this invention;

[0020] Figure 1. Drawing of the prior art and technical problem image of the tooth separation device according to the invention.

[0021] Figure 2. Drawing of the tooth and its surrounding tissues, the peridontium.

[0022] Figure 3. This drawing shows the single point contact that should be in the middle third between the two teeth.

[0023] Figure 4. Changes in the peridontium are simply illustrated by the operation of the inventive tooth separation apparatus.

[0024] Figure 5. Simple drawing showing the periodontal ligaments.

[0025] Figure 6. Illustration of the gap between two teeth obtained by the operation of the tooth separation apparatus of the present invention, shown in bold. Figure 7. Drawing of the tooth separation apparatus of the present invention being removed after filling and the teeth becoming free and approaching each other.

[0026] Figure 8. Top view of the position of the tooth separation apparatus of the present invention on the tooth.

[0027] Figure 9. Detail view of the top and conical part of the tooth separation device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10. Top and conical part detail view of a different embodiment of the tooth separation apparatus of the present invention

[0029] The parts in the figure are enumerated one by one and the parts correspond to these numbers are given in the following.

[0030] 1. Tooth separation apparatus

[0031] 2. Shaft

[0032] 3. Moving head

[0033] 4. Transmission arm

[0034] 5. Jaw

[0035] 6. Connecting arm

[0036] 7. Conical part

[0037] D. Tooth

[0038] K. Wedge

[0039] A. Approximal

[0040] T. Single point contact area

[0041] Tooth separation apparatus (1) used to temporarily separate two teeth from each other in dental treatment;

[0042] A shaft (2) having a screw pitch thereon,

[0043] At least one moving head (3) positioned on the shaft (2) and adapted to move linearly on the shaft (2) by rotation, At least two transmission arms (4) connected to the moving head (3) and extending from opposite sides of the shaft (2),

[0044] At least one jaw (5) located at the ends of the transmission arms (4) and extending towards each other from around a tooth,

[0045] At least two connecting arms (6) connected on one side to the shaft (2) and on the other side to the transmission arm (4) and adapted to direct the movement of the moving head (3) and the movement of the opposing jaws (5) between the two teeth,

[0046] At least one conical part (7) with a conical shape that is located opposite each other at the ends of the jaws (5) and is large enough to fit between two teeth.

[0047] A tooth separating apparatus (1) of the present invention comprises the following; a shaft (2) having a screw pitch on the upper surface thereof, a moving head (3) having a slot containing a screw pitch on its inner part and passing over the shaft (2), two transmission arms (4) connected with the moving head (3) and extending from the sides of the moving head (3), jaws (5) on the transmission arms (4) extending towards each other, connecting arms (6) connecting the transmission arms (4) to the shaft (2) and a conical part (7) at the end of the jaws (5). Said shaft (2) has a cylindrical structure and comprises a screw pitch on its upper surface. The said movement head (3) has a slot therein which also comprises a screw pitch and it fits onto the shaft (2) on this slot. By rotating the moving head, the moving head can move linearly on the shaft (2) in line with the match of the shaft (2) screw pitch and the housing screw pitch. There are movement arms extending from both sides of the moving head and can move forward and backward with the movement of the moving head (3). At the end of the mentioned movement arms, there is a reciprocal jaw (5) structure that will wrap around the tooth and the jaw (5) ends extend towards each other. There is a connecting arm (6) for moving the said transfer arms (4) forward and backward in such a way that the jaws (5) move towards or away from each other. The said connecting arm (6) is rotatably connected both to the shaft (2) and to the transmission arm (4). In this way, the movement of the transmission arm (4) can move the jaws (5) in a way that brings them closer to each other or moves them further away. There is a fixed conical part (7) at the ends of the mentioned jaws (5). The cross-sectional area of the mentioned conical part (7) has a structure that decreases as it moves away from the tip of the jaw (5) and the dimensions of the conical part (7) have the dimensions to be able to pass between the teeth and open the teeth by applying force.

[0048] The tooth separation apparatus (1), has been produced for the purpose of applying a new technique. To summarize the technique briefly for clarity: it allows the construction of a new interface that remains in the metric dimensions of the tooth with the matrix strips used in interface fillings. In addition, depending on the anatomy of the matrix strip used, there may be a gap between the two teeth after filling, which may vary depending on the thickness of the matrix strip, and it is not always possible to provide a single point contact (T), which is anatomically and physiologically important at the interface. In this technique, before placing the matrix strip between the two teeth, it is opened coronally and periodontally between 0.4-1.5 mm with the conical part (7) of our apparatus, which has a tooth separation apparatus (1), and since this opening is an irreversible opening, it allows a filling to be placed in the anatomical form of the tooth but larger than the metric volume of the tooth according to the placed matrix strip. For example, let's assume that our apparatus with inter-tooth tooth separator (1) is opened by 0.5 mm with the conical part (7). When we make our filling by placing our matrix strip in contact with the neighbouring tooth, the interface of the tooth is shaped in the same anatomical form as the tooth but larger. After placing the filling, when we remove the interdental tooth separation apparatus (1), the neighbouring tooth returns towards the filled tooth with the desire of the periodontal ligaments to return, and this return continues until it contacts the newly made filling. If the anatomical form of the filling is complete, the most natural anatomical, physiological, biological relationship between the two teeth after filling is obtained by contacting at a single point (T) in the approximal middle third and unwanted excessive gaps between the two teeth are prevented. In previous techniques such as wedge (K), matrix strip use, etc., the excess gaps between the two teeth after filling can create a great handicap and cause many negative consequences. These problems are; accumulation of food between two teeth, food impaction between two teeth, caries formation in the neighbouring tooth, secondary caries formation in the filled tooth, unilateral chewing of the patient and related problems: TMJ problems, GIS problems, periodontal problems due to overuse in the overused area, periodontal problems due to underuse in the underused area, tartar formation in the teeth of the underused area, abrasions in the teeth of the overused area, and so on. With the tooth separation device (1) of the present invention; in dentistry, in filling between two teeth (approximal (A)), it is possible to ensure that there is no gap between the two teeth, to ensure point contact between the two teeth, to ensure that the occlusal and gingival embryos of the filled tooth, the distance between the two teeth and / or the elevation relationship between the two teeth can be made at an optimal level within physiological and biological limits. The aforementioned tooth separation device (1) relates to an area opener, separator, clamp-type hand apparatus that facilitates the filling process, and to a new technical method using this apparatus, which prevents pain due to food impaction, gingival recession, halitosis (bad breath), dysfunction of that area due to pain, formation of calculus due to dysfunction, prevention of periodontium damage that can go from gingivitis to periodontitis, prevention of damage to T.M.E. due to unilateral chewing due to dysfunction, prevention of regional overbite due to unilateral chewing, prevention of damages that may occur in T.M.E, prevention of regional overbite abrasions due to unilateral chewing, prevention of asymmetry that may occur in facial muscles due to unilateral chewing, prevention of G.I.S disorders due to lack of grinding due to inadequate chewing due to dysfunction of that region, prevention of deprivation of physiological cleaning of teeth and surrounding tissues on the unusable side.

[0049] When the aforementioned tooth separation apparatus (1) is to be used, the opposing conical parts (7) are placed between the gingival embryos between the two teeth and the moving head (3) is rotated. With the inward movement of the moving head (3) away from the end of the shaft (2), the transmission arms (4) move in the forward direction and with the rotational movement of the connecting arm (6), the connecting arms (6) move the jaws (5) so that they approach each other and in this way, the conical parts (7) at the ends of the jaws (5) move in the direction to enter between the gingival embryos between the two teeth. The rotation of the moving head (3) is continued until the desired tooth pitch distance is reached and the moving head (3) is immobilized when the desired tooth pitch distance is reached. When the conical part (7) is pushed onto the thread, it starts to open the threads from the tip and the thread opening interval can be adjusted gradually as the cross-sectional area increases. In this way, the gap between the teeth is opened. In this way, the filling process can be carried out by passing the matrix strip between the teeth and after the process, the moving head (3) is moved backwards and the conical parts (7) come out from between the teeth

[0050] In the aforementioned tooth separation apparatus (1); one of the most important features is that it allows the use of the conical part (7) on the periodontal ligament (PDL), the connective tissue that keeps the tooth firmly attached to the alveolar bone in the socket. It is estimated that 70% of the periodontal ligament (PDL) is composed of water, which can have a significant impact on its ability to withstand stress loads and the fibrous tissue of the PDL has the ability to stretch and compress. The fact that the PDL allows for reversible contraction and expansion within an acceptable period of time is the physiological and biological basis of the inventive tooth separation apparatus (1). When a filling is expected to be completed in approximately 1 hour, the displacement of the tooth caused by the compression and tensile forces that will occur in the PDLs will be revarsable. Therefore, there will be no technical problem of a gap remaining between the teeth after the procedure.

[0051] The physiological and biological requirements for the operation of the device, which is the tooth separation apparatus of the present invention, are as follows and the human organism has these requirements. The tissues around the teeth and gums are called peridontium, which consists of the supporting tissues of the tooth. o Gum o Periodontal ligament o cement o Alveolar bone

[0052] The most important aspect of the operation of the apparatus of our invention is the use of periodontal ligaments (PDL). PDL presents on radiographs as a 0,4- 1,5 mm periodontal gap in the radiolucent area between the radiopaque lamina dura and radiopaque cement. It is estimated that 70% of the PDL consists of water, which is thought to have a significant impact on its ability to withstand stress loads. The thinnest part of the PDL varies between 0.15-0.38 mm. At the same time, these fibers have the ability to stretch and compress. Alevols are composed of bone and intercellular substance osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteoclasts, osteicytes, intercellular substance, 65% hydroxy apetite. 90% of the intercellular substance is flexible collagen, with trace amounts of osteocastin, osteonectin, and proteoglycams. The reversible contraction and expansion of the PDL within an acceptable period of time is the physiological and biological basis of our invention. When a filling is expected to be done in about one hour, the displacement of the tooth caused by the compression and tensile forces that will occur in the PDLs will be reversible. In orthodontic treatments, at least 24 hours are required for separation procedures performed with braces. PDLs allow displacement by compression and tension within a range of 0,4 - 1,5 mm, which is a sufficient range to achieve the ideal for the filling process.

[0053] Periodontal fibers connect the tooth to the alveolar bone in the periodontal space in three main ways. o Radier (Radially directed fibers, especially in the apical part of the tooth) o Oblique Fibers o Horizontal Fibers These fibers that form the periodontal ligament have a collagen fiber structure and are wavy. With these features, they can stretch or contract within a certain range against certain forces.

[0054] In one embodiment of the invention, the conical part (7) has a size that will open a gap of 0.4 to 1.5 mm on the PDL.

[0055] In one embodiment of the invention, the opposing jaw (5) structure is in the form of a clamp and can move towards or away from each other with the movement of the moving head (3).

[0056] In one embodiment of the invention, the jaw (5) structure has a curved structure to extend around the teeth.

[0057] In one embodiment of the invention, the jaw (5) part is located lower than the shaft (2) and the connecting bristles so that it can be easily mounted between the teeth on the back teeth. In one embodiment of the invention, there is an intermediate extension extending inclined over the transmission arm (4) and the intermediate extension is connected to the jaw (5) from its extending tip. In this way, the jaw (5) part extends lower than the transmission arms (4).

[0058] In one embodiment of the invention, the conical part (7) has a tip size between 0.5 mm and 3 mm (millimeters) so that it can fit between the teeth.

[0059] In one embodiment of the invention, the conical part (7) has a length between 5mm and 10mm (millimeters) from the base to the tip. In another embodiment of the invention, the distance from the base to the tip of the conical part (7) is between 7mm and 8mm.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A tooth separation apparatus (1) used in dental treatment to temporarily separate two teeth from each other, characterized by;A shaft (2) having a screw pitch thereon,At least one moving head (3) positioned on the shaft (2) and adapted to move linearly on the shaft (2) by rotation,At least two transmission arms (4) connected to the moving head (3) and extending from opposite sides of the shaft (2),At least one jaw (5) located at the ends of the transmission arms (4) and extending towards each other from around a tooth,At least two connecting arms (6) connected on one side to the shaft (2) and on the other side to the transmission arm (4) and adapted to direct the movement of the moving head (3) and the movement of the opposing jaws (5) between the two teeth,At least one conical part (7) with a conical shape that is located opposite each other at the ends of the jaws (5) and is large enough to fit between two teeth.

2. A tooth separation apparatus (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that; the cross-sectional area of the conical part (7) decreases as it moves away from the end of the jaw (5).

3. A tooth separation apparatus (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that; the opposing jaw (5) is in the form of a pincer.

4. A tooth separation apparatus (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that; the jaw (5) is inclined to extend around the tooth.

5. A tooth separation apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that; the rear teeth have a shaft (2) for easymounting between the teeth and a jaw (5) located lower than the connecting bristles.

6. A tooth separation apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an intermediate extension extends inclinedly over the transmission arm (4) and is connected at its end to the jaw (5).

7. A tooth separation apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that; the end part is a conical part (7) having a dimension in the range from 0.5 mm to 3 mm, so as to be insertable between the teeth.

8. A thread separation apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that; the conical part (7) has a length in the range of 5mm to 10mm from the base portion to the end portion.

9. A thread separation apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that; the conical part (7) has a length in the range of 7mm to 8mm from the base portion to the end portion.

10. A tooth separation apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, adapted for application on the PDL and having a dimension to open a gap of 0.4 to 1.5 mm on the PDL.

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