Modulation method, modulation apparatus, electronic device, storage medium, and product

Abstract

The present application discloses a modulation method, a modulation apparatus, an electronic device, a storage medium, and a product. The method comprises: acquiring a first data sequence, the first data sequence comprising a first element and a second element; performing first processing on the first data sequence to obtain a second data sequence, the first processing comprising respectively converting the first element and the second element in the first data sequence into first preset sequences in a first preset sequence set, and adding, between adjacent first preset sequences in the converted first data sequence, the first preset sequences in the first preset sequence set; and modulating the second data sequence to obtain a third data sequence.

Description

Modulation method, modulation apparatus, electronic device, storage medium and product

[0001] Cross-reference to Related Applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410817334.1, filed on June 21, 2024, entitled “Modulation method, modulation apparatus, electronic device, storage medium and product,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present application belongs to the field of communication technology, and particularly relates to a modulation method, a modulation apparatus, an electronic device, a storage medium and a product. BACKGROUND

[0004] With the development of wireless communication technology, the capacity and coverage of communication systems are constantly expanding, and the requirements for signal quality are also increasing. The peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of communication signals has become a key indicator for measuring signal quality and power amplifier efficiency. High PAPR will lead to low power amplifier efficiency, which will affect the coverage ability and signal transmission quality of the communication system.

[0005] For example, in existing communication systems, the PAPR of multi-carrier orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals is very high. High PAPR means that the peak power of the signal is much larger than the average power. This not only causes non-linear distortion of the power amplifier, but also causes the power amplifier to work in a high power state, thereby increasing energy consumption and heat loss and reducing its working efficiency.

[0006] As can be seen, the peak-to-average power ratio of current communication signals is high, and the communication coverage ability is weak. SUMMARY

[0007] The embodiments of the present application provide a modulation method, a modulation apparatus, an electronic device, a storage medium and a product, which can reduce the peak-to-average power ratio of signals and improve the communication coverage ability.

[0008] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a modulation method, which comprises: obtaining a first data sequence, the first data sequence comprising a first element and a second element; performing first processing on the first data sequence to obtain a second data sequence, the first processing comprising: transforming the first element and the second element in the first data sequence into a first preset sequence in a first preset sequence set respectively, and adding a first preset sequence in the first preset sequence set between adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence; and modulating the second data sequence to obtain a third data sequence.

[0009] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a modulation apparatus, which comprises: a sequence obtaining module configured to obtain a first data sequence, the first data sequence comprising a first element and a second element; an encoding module configured to perform first processing on the first data sequence to obtain a second data sequence, the first processing comprising: transforming the first element and the second element in the first data sequence into a first preset sequence in a first preset sequence set respectively, and adding a first preset sequence in the first preset sequence set between adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence; and a modulation module configured to modulate the second data sequence to obtain a third data sequence.

[0010] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, which comprises: a processor and a memory storing computer program instructions; and the processor implements the modulation method according to the first aspect when executing the computer program instructions.

[0011] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores computer program instructions, and the computer program instructions are executed by a processor to implement the modulation method according to the first aspect.

[0012] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, and instructions in the computer program product are executed by a processor of an electronic device to enable the electronic device to perform the modulation method according to the first aspect.

[0013] From the above, in the embodiment of the present application, the first preset sequence in the first preset sequence set is added between adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence, which reduces the phase difference between adjacent sequences in the third data sequence, and to some extent, reduces the peak-to-average power ratio of the signal; and the second data sequence is modulated by using the phase modulation mode, so that the third data sequence is constant modulus data, which reduces the signal amplitude and further reduces the peak-to-average power ratio of the signal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced. Those drawings can help the ordinary skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without any creative effort.

[0015] FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a modulation method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] FIG. 2 is a diagram of a constellation corresponding to QPSK according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] FIG. 3 is a diagram of a constellation corresponding to QPSK according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] FIG. 4 is a diagram of generation of a third data sequence according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] FIG. 5 is a diagram of generation of a third data sequence according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] FIG. 6 is a diagram of a constellation corresponding to a second data sequence according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] FIG. 7 is a diagram of a constellation corresponding to a second data sequence according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] FIG. 8 is a diagram of a constellation corresponding to a second data sequence according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] FIG. 9 is a diagram of a constellation corresponding to a second data sequence according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] FIG. 10 is a diagram of generation of a to-be-transmitted signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG. 11 is a diagram of generation of a to-be-transmitted signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] FIG. 12 is a diagram of generation of a to-be-transmitted signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG. 13 is a structural diagram of a modulation apparatus according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG. 14 is a structural diagram of an electronic device according to yet another embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The features and exemplary embodiments of the various aspects of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. For the purpose of clarity, the description is divided into the following sections: technical field, brief description of the drawings, detailed description of the embodiments, and conclusion. It should be noted that the specific embodiments described herein are intended to be illustrative only and are not to be limiting of the present application. The present application can be implemented in ways other than those specifically described herein without departing from the spirit of the present application. The following description is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the present application.

[0030] It should be noted that the relational terms herein, such as first and second, and the like, are used solely to distinguish one from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by "comprises... a" does not, without more constraints, exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

[0031] To solve the problem of high peak-to-average power ratio of a communication signal in the related art, embodiments of the present application provide a modulation method, a modulation apparatus, an electronic device, a storage medium and a product. First, a modulation method provided by embodiments of the present application is introduced. The method provided by embodiments of the present application can be applied to a terminal device, which can include but is not limited to a base station. Hereinafter, a base station is taken as an example to explain and describe the execution subject of the method provided by embodiments of the present application.

[0032] FIG. 1 shows a flowchart of a modulation method provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1, the method includes the following steps:

[0033] Step S101, obtaining a first data sequence.

[0034] Step S102, performing first processing on the first data sequence to obtain a second data sequence.

[0035] Step S103, modulating the second data sequence to obtain a third data sequence.

[0036] The steps S101 to S103 are explained and described in detail as follows.

[0037] Step S101, obtaining a first data sequence.

[0038] In step S101, the first data sequence includes M elements (M is a positive integer greater than 1), and the M elements are composed of two types of elements, i.e., a first element and a second element. The first element and the second element are different elements. For example, the first data sequence can be a bit data sequence with 0 and 1 as elements. In this case, if the first element is 0, the second element is 1; if the first element is 1, the second element is 0. In some embodiments, the first element and the second element in the first data sequence can also be obtained by formula 1-2xd, where d is the bit data. In the bit data sequence with 0 and 1 as elements, d is 0 or 1, so that the first data sequence with 1 and -1 as the first element and the second element is obtained, i.e., if the first element is 1, the second element is -1; if the first element is -1, the second element is 1.

[0039] It should be noted that, in step S101, the starting element of the odd-position element in the first data sequence is the first element in the first data sequence, and the starting element of the even-position element in the first data sequence is the second element in the first data sequence.

[0040] In one embodiment, the first data sequence can be obtained by processing the bit data sequence. Specifically, after obtaining the bit data sequence, the bit data sequence is subjected to a second processing, and the first data sequence is obtained. The second processing can include at least one of low-density parity-check code (LDPC) encoding, polar code (Polar) encoding, Turbo encoding, or convolutional encoding.

[0041] It should be noted that, after the second processing of the bit data sequence, the bit data sequence after the second processing can also be subjected to a scrambling processing to improve the security of the first data sequence.

[0042] In another embodiment, the first data sequence can also be obtained by encoding the bit data sequence and adding a header sequence and a tail sequence to the head and tail of the sequence. Specifically, after obtaining the bit data sequence, the bit data sequence is subjected to a second processing, and a header sequence and a tail sequence are added to the head and tail of the bit data sequence after the second processing, respectively, to obtain the first data sequence. The header sequence and the tail sequence are different sequences, and the length of the tail sequence is greater than or equal to the length of the header sequence.

[0043] In step S102, the first data sequence is subjected to a first processing to obtain a second data sequence.

[0044] In step S102, the first processing of the first data sequence may be encoding processing, wherein the first processing includes: transforming the first element and the second element in the first data sequence into a first preset sequence in a first preset sequence set, and then adding a first preset sequence from the first preset sequence set between adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence. In some embodiments, the added first preset sequence is one of the adjacent first preset sequences.

[0045] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the modulation is phase modulation, and the phase modulation is N-order PSK (Phase Shift Keying) modulation (N is a positive integer greater than 1). The first preset sequence in the first preset sequence set corresponds to the constellation point in the constellation diagram corresponding to the N-order PSK modulation. The N-order PSK modulation can be a fourth-order PSK modulation, such as QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) modulation, or π / 4QPSK modulation, or other phase modulation methods such as 8PSK modulation, 16PSK modulation, etc.

[0046] For different phase modulations, a first preset sequence with different numbers of bits can be used. For example, for QPSK modulation, the first preset sequence can consist of two bits of data; for 8PSK modulation, the first preset sequence can consist of three bits of data; and for 16PSK modulation, the first preset sequence can consist of four bits of data.

[0047] In one example, the first preset sequence set includes four sets of sequences arranged in sequence: the first set of sequences, the second set of sequences, the third set of sequences, and the fourth set of sequences. The four sequentially arranged sequences correspond to constellation points in a QPSK constellation diagram arranged in order. This order can be clockwise or counterclockwise. Regardless of whether it is clockwise or counterclockwise, any constellation point can be the first constellation point. For example, if constellation point S1 = [aa] is the first constellation point and is arranged clockwise, as shown in Figure 2, then the four sequentially arranged sequences correspond to constellation points S1 = [aa], S2 = [ba], S3 = [bb], and S4 = [ab], respectively. If constellation point S1 = [aa] is the first constellation point and is arranged counterclockwise, as shown in Figure 3, then the four sequentially arranged sequences correspond to constellation points S1 = [aa], S2 = [ab], S3 = [bb], and S4 = [ba], respectively.

[0048] As an example, the first preset sequence consists of two bits of data. Correspondingly, in the embodiments of this application, each sequence consists of two bits of data. For example, each sequence can be a bit group consisting of 0 and 1, or a bit group consisting of 1 and -1. In the following explanation, a sequence consisting of 0 and 1 will be used as an example.

[0049] In the embodiments of this application, the first processing of the first data sequence mainly includes two steps: sequence transformation and sequence addition.

[0050] For sequence transformation, in some embodiments, the first and second elements in the first data sequence can be replaced with corresponding first preset sequences in a first preset sequence set based on the position information of the first and second elements. As an example, for each element of the first data sequence, the first element in odd-numbered positions can be transformed into the first set of sequences, the second element in odd-numbered positions can be transformed into the third set of sequences, and the first element in even-numbered positions can be transformed into the second set of sequences, and the second element in even-numbered positions can be transformed into the fourth set of sequences.

[0051] In one example, when the first element is 'a' and the second element is 'b', the first set of sequences, the second set of sequences, the third set of sequences, and the fourth set of sequences in the first preset sequence set shall use one of the following:

[0052] [aa], [ba], [bb], [ab];

[0053] [ba], [bb], [ab], [aa];

[0054] [bb], [ab], [aa], [ba];

[0055] [ab], [aa], [ba], [bb];

[0056] [aa], [ab], [bb], [ba];

[0057] [ab], [bb], [ba], [aa];

[0058] [bb], [ba], [aa], [ab]; or

[0059] [ba], [aa], [ab], [bb].

[0060] It should be noted that in the above examples, a can be 0 or 1, and b can be 1 or 0. For example, a is 0 and b is 1, or a is 1 and b is 0; a can be 1 or -1, and b can be -1 or 1. For example, a is 1 and b is -1, or a is -1 and b is 1.

[0061] For sequence addition, a first preset sequence is inserted between adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence. In some embodiments, a corresponding first preset sequence is added between adjacent first preset sequences in the replaced first data sequence according to the values ​​of two adjacent first preset sequences.

[0062] Specifically, when the adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence are the i-th sequence and the (i mod 4)+1-th sequence respectively, the inserted first preset sequence is the (i mod 4)+1-th sequence, where i is a positive integer, 1≤i≤4, and mod is the modulo operation;

[0063] Alternatively, if the adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence are the i-th sequence and the (i mod 4)+1-th sequence respectively, the inserted first preset sequence is the i-th sequence, where i is a positive integer, 1≤i≤4, and mod is the modulo operation.

[0064] It should be noted that when the first preset sequence to be inserted is the i-th group sequence, the first preset sequence to be inserted into the first data sequence is always the i-th group sequence; similarly, when the first preset sequence to be inserted is the (i mod 4)+1-th group sequence, the first preset sequence to be inserted into the first data sequence is always the (i mod 4)+1-th group sequence.

[0065] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first set of sequences and the last set of sequences in the transformed first data sequence are taken as adjacent first preset sequences. A first preset sequence from the first preset sequence set is added before the first set of sequences or after the last set of sequences. This allows a new sequence to be inserted between the last set of sequences and the first set of sequences; the inserted new sequence can be placed after the last set of sequences or before the first set of sequences.

[0066] Step S103: Modulate the second data sequence to obtain the third data sequence.

[0067] In step S103, the modulation is phase modulation, and the first preset sequence corresponds to the constellation point in the constellation diagram corresponding to the phase modulation. The aforementioned phase modulation can be QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) modulation or π / 4QPSK modulation.

[0068] In one example, the modulation applied to the second data sequence is phase modulation, specifically π / 4QPSK modulation. In this scenario, the first preset sequence corresponds to a constellation point in the constellation diagram corresponding to π / 4QPSK modulation. Specifically, the four sets of sequences in the first preset sequence set correspond sequentially to eight constellation points in the constellation diagram corresponding to π / 4QPSK modulation.

[0069] In some embodiments, the four sets of sequences in the first preset sequence set include [aa], [ba], [bb], and [ab]. Each of the four sets of sequences can correspond to two constellation points in the constellation diagram corresponding to π / 4 QPSK modulation. For example, [aa] in odd-numbered positions and [aa] in even-numbered positions can correspond to two different constellation points in the constellation diagram corresponding to π / 4 QPSK modulation, respectively. In some embodiments, adjacent first preset sequences and first preset sequences inserted into the adjacent first preset sequences can correspond to different constellation points after π / 4 QPSK modulation. That is, after π / 4 QPSK modulation, adjacent first preset sequences can correspond to constellation points in the constellation diagram corresponding to QPSK modulation, and the first preset sequence added between the adjacent first preset sequences corresponds to the constellation point in the constellation diagram corresponding to QPSK modulation after a phase rotation of π / 4.

[0070] A first preset sequence from the first preset sequence set is added between adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence. In the transformed first data sequence, the adjacent first preset sequences correspond to constellation points in the constellation diagram corresponding to QPSK modulation, and the first preset sequence added between the adjacent first preset sequences corresponds to the constellation points in the constellation diagram corresponding to QPSK modulation after phase rotation by π / 4.

[0071] After obtaining the second data sequence, the second data sequence is modulated with π / 4QPSK to obtain the third data sequence.

[0072] In another example, the modulation of the second data sequence is phase modulation, specifically QPSK modulation. In this scenario, the first preset sequence corresponds to a constellation point in the constellation diagram corresponding to the QPSK modulation. Specifically, the four sets of sequences in the first preset sequence set correspond sequentially to the four constellation points in the constellation diagram corresponding to the QPSK modulation.

[0073] A first preset sequence from the first preset sequence set is added between adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence. The adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence correspond to constellation points in the constellation diagram corresponding to QPSK modulation, and the first preset sequence added between adjacent first preset sequences also corresponds to constellation points in the constellation diagram corresponding to QPSK modulation.

[0074] After obtaining the second data sequence, QPSK modulation is performed on the second data sequence to obtain the fourth data sequence; then the phase of the fourth data sequence is rotated to obtain the third data sequence.

[0075] In the above embodiment, all inserted first preset sequences in the fourth data sequence undergo phase rotation. This phase rotation can be a π / 4 phase rotation, and the phase rotation angle for all inserted first preset sequences in the fourth data sequence is the same, which is π / 4. The phase rotation includes one of the following: clockwise rotation of π / 4 phase or counterclockwise rotation of π / 4 phase. The inserted first preset sequence is the first preset sequence inserted between adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence.

[0076] In this embodiment of the application, the starting element of the odd-numbered elements in the fourth data sequence is the first element in the fourth data sequence; the starting element of the even-numbered elements in the fourth data sequence is the second element in the fourth data sequence.

[0077] In one embodiment, each pair of two bits in the second data sequence is sequentially QPSK modulated to obtain a fourth data sequence. Then, the QPSK modulation symbols corresponding to the first preset sequence inserted into the fourth data sequence are phase-rotated to form a third data sequence. The inserted first preset sequence is a first preset sequence inserted between adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence.

[0078] In one embodiment, with the first and last sets of sequences in the transformed first data sequence as adjacent first preset sequences, and a first preset sequence added after the last set of sequences, the even-numbered elements in the fourth data sequence are phase-rotated to obtain a third data sequence. The even-numbered elements in the fourth data sequence are the inserted first preset sequences, which are first preset sequences inserted between adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence.

[0079] In another embodiment, with the first and last sets of sequences in the transformed first data sequence serving as adjacent first preset sequences, and a first preset sequence added before the first set of sequences, the odd-numbered elements in the fourth data sequence are phase-rotated to obtain a third data sequence. The odd-numbered elements in the fourth data sequence are the inserted first preset sequences, which are first preset sequences inserted between adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence.

[0080] In some embodiments, the QPSK constellation diagrams corresponding to the first, second, third, and fourth sequences in the first preset sequence set are oriented counterclockwise. Furthermore, when adjacent first preset sequences in the first data sequence are the i-th and (i mod 4)+1-th sequences respectively, the inserted first preset sequence is the (i mod 4)+1-th sequence, where i is a positive integer, 1 ≤ i ≤ 4, and mod is the modulo operation. In this case, the constellation points corresponding to the inserted first preset sequence in the fourth data sequence are rotated clockwise by π / 4 phase. For example, if the constellation mapping directions of multiple sequences [aa], [ba], [bb], and [ab] in the first preset sequence set are counterclockwise, and when adjacent first preset sequences in the first data sequence are the i-th and (i mod 4)+1-th sequences respectively, and the inserted first preset sequence is the (i mod 4)+1-th sequence, rotating the QPSK data phase at even-numbered positions in the second data sequence by π / 4 is equivalent to rotating clockwise by π / 4.

[0081] In some embodiments, the mapping direction of the QPSK constellation diagrams corresponding to the first, second, third, and fourth sequences in the first preset sequence set is clockwise. Furthermore, when adjacent first preset sequences in the first data sequence are the i-th and (i mod 4)+1-th sequences respectively, the inserted first preset sequence is the (i mod 4)+1-th sequence, where i is a positive integer, 1 ≤ i ≤ 4, and mod is the modulo operation. In this case, the constellation point corresponding to the inserted first preset sequence in the fourth data sequence is rotated counterclockwise by π / 4 phase. For example, if the constellation mapping direction of multiple sequences [aa], [ba], [bb], and [ab] in the first preset sequence set is clockwise, and when adjacent first preset sequences in the first data sequence are the i-th and (i mod 4)+1-th sequences respectively, and the inserted first preset sequence is the (i mod 4)+1-th sequence, rotating the QPSK data phase at even positions in the second data sequence by π / 4 is a counterclockwise rotation of π / 4.

[0082] In some embodiments, the mapping direction of the QPSK constellation diagrams corresponding to the first, second, third, and fourth sequences in the first preset sequence set is counterclockwise. Furthermore, when adjacent first preset sequences in the first data sequence are the i-th and (i mod 4)+1-th sequences respectively, the inserted first preset sequence is the i-th sequence, where i is a positive integer, 1 ≤ i ≤ 4, and mod is the modulo operation. In this case, the constellation points corresponding to the inserted first preset sequence in the fourth data sequence are rotated counterclockwise by π / 4 phase. For example, if the constellation mapping direction of multiple sequences [aa], [ba], [bb], and [ab] in the first preset sequence set is counterclockwise, and when adjacent first preset sequences in the first data sequence are the i-th and (i mod 4)+1-th sequences respectively, and the inserted first preset sequence is the i-th sequence, rotating the QPSK data phase at even positions in the second data sequence by π / 4 is a counterclockwise rotation of π / 4.

[0083] In some embodiments, the mapping direction of the QPSK constellation diagrams corresponding to the first, second, third, and fourth sequences in the first preset sequence set is clockwise. Furthermore, when adjacent first preset sequences in the first data sequence are the i-th and (i mod 4)+1-th sequences respectively, the inserted first preset sequence is the i-th sequence, where i is a positive integer, 1 ≤ i ≤ 4, and mod is the modulo operation. In this case, the constellation point corresponding to the inserted first preset sequence in the fourth data sequence is rotated clockwise by π / 4 phase. For example, if the constellation mapping direction of multiple sequences [aa], [ba], [bb], and [ab] in the first preset sequence set is clockwise, and adjacent first preset sequences in the first data sequence are the i-th and (i mod 4)+1-th sequences respectively, and the inserted first preset sequence is the i-th sequence, then rotating the QPSK data phase at even-numbered positions in the second data sequence by π / 4 is a clockwise rotation of π / 4.

[0084] As described in steps S101 to S103 above, in this embodiment of the application, adding a first preset sequence from the first preset sequence set between adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence reduces the phase difference between adjacent sequences in the third data sequence, thereby reducing the peak-to-average power ratio of the signal to a certain extent; while using phase modulation to modulate the second data sequence makes the third data sequence constant modulus data, reducing the signal amplitude and further reducing the peak-to-average power ratio of the signal.

[0085] The modulation method proposed in this application will be further described in detail below with reference to several specific embodiments.

[0086] Example 1

[0087] This embodiment is an example of performing a first process on a first data sequence to obtain a second data sequence.

[0088] In this embodiment, the first data sequence is a bit data sequence with elements a and b. The first processing of the first data sequence includes the following steps 1 and 2.

[0089] Step 1: In the first data sequence, for odd-numbered elements, transform element a into the first sequence group and element b into the third sequence group; for even-numbered elements, transform element a into the second sequence group and element b into the fourth sequence group.

[0090] Step 2: Insert a first preset sequence from the first preset sequence set between each adjacent first preset sequence. When adjacent first preset sequences are the i-th group sequence and the (i mod 4)+1-th group sequence, the inserted first preset sequence is the (i mod 4)+1-th group sequence, where i = 1, 2, 3, 4. That is, when adjacent first preset sequences are the 1st group sequence and the 2nd group sequence, the inserted first preset sequence is the 2nd group sequence; when adjacent first preset sequences are the 2nd group sequence and the 3rd group sequence, the inserted first preset sequence is the 3rd group sequence; when adjacent first preset sequences are the 3rd group sequence and the 4th group sequence, the inserted first preset sequence is the 4th group sequence; and when adjacent first preset sequences are the 4th group sequence and the 1st group sequence, the inserted first preset sequence is the 1st group sequence.

[0091] When adjacent first preset sequences are the i-th sequence and (i mod 4)+1 sequences respectively, the inserted first preset sequence is the i-th sequence, where i = 1, 2, 3, 4. That is, when adjacent first preset sequences are the 1st sequence and the 2nd sequence respectively, the inserted first preset sequence is the 1st sequence; when adjacent first preset sequences are the 2nd sequence and the 3rd sequence respectively, the inserted first preset sequence is the 2nd sequence; when adjacent first preset sequences are the 3rd sequence and the 4th sequence respectively, the inserted first preset sequence is the 3rd sequence; and when adjacent first preset sequences are the 4th sequence and the 1st sequence respectively, the inserted first preset sequence is the 4th sequence.

[0092] In the example above, the sequences in groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 are [aa], [ba], [bb], and [ab], respectively, and their corresponding constellation diagrams are shown in Figure 2. In Figure 2, each dot represents a constellation point. For example, in Figure 2, the dot corresponding to group 1: [aa] represents the constellation point corresponding to the sequence [aa] in the constellation diagram.

[0093] In other embodiments, the sequences of Group 1, Group 2, Group 3, and Group 4 can also be represented in clockwise order according to the constellation diagram shown in Figure 2, i.e., [ba], [bb], [ab], [aa]; or [bb], [ab], [aa], [ba]; or [ab], [aa], [ba], [bb]. Alternatively, the sequences of Group 1, Group 2, Group 3, and Group 4 can also be represented in counterclockwise order according to the constellation diagram shown in Figure 3, i.e., [aa], [ab], [bb], [ba]; or [ab], [bb], [ba], [aa]; or [bb], [ba], [aa], [ab]; or [ba], [aa], [ab], [bb].

[0094] Example 2

[0095] This embodiment is an example of performing a first processing on a first data sequence to obtain a second data sequence, and then modulating the second data sequence to obtain a third data sequence.

[0096] In this embodiment, the first data sequence is set as: [aababbababaabbab].

[0097] The first data sequence is processed to obtain the second data sequence, wherein the first processing mainly includes the following steps 1 and 2.

[0098] Step 1: For the odd-numbered elements of the first data sequence, transform element a into the first sequence group and element b into the third sequence group; for the even-numbered elements of the first data sequence, transform element a into the second sequence group and element b into the fourth sequence group.

[0099] In this sequence, the odd-numbered starting element is the first element of the first data sequence, and the even-numbered starting element is the second element of the first data sequence. The first, second, third, and fourth groups of sequences are represented as s1, s2, s3, and s4, respectively.

[0100] The data sequence obtained after element transformation of the first data sequence is: {s1 s2 s3 s2 s3 s4 s1 s4 s1 s4 s1 s2 s3 s4 s1 s4}.

[0101] Step 2: Insert a first preset sequence from the first preset sequence set between each adjacent first preset sequence.

[0102] When adjacent first preset sequences are the i-th group of two sequences and the (i mod 4)+1-th group of sequences respectively, the inserted first preset sequence is the (i mod 4)+1-th group of sequences, where i = 1, 2, 3, 4. In this scenario, the second data sequence obtained by inserting the first preset sequence into the data sequence obtained after element transformation of the first data sequence is: {s1 s2 s2 s3 s3 s3 s2 s3 s3 s4 s4 s1 s1 s1 s4 s1 s1 s1 s4 s1 s1 s2 s2 s3 s3 s4 s4 s1 s1 s1 s4 s1}.

[0103] Furthermore, after performing the first processing on the first data sequence to obtain the second data sequence, the second data sequence is subjected to π / 4QPSK modulation to obtain the third data sequence.

[0104] Example 3

[0105] This embodiment is an example of performing a first processing on a first data sequence to obtain a second data sequence, and then modulating the second data sequence to obtain a third data sequence.

[0106] In this embodiment, the first data sequence is set as: [aababbababaabbab].

[0107] The first data sequence is processed to obtain the second data sequence, wherein the first processing mainly includes the following steps 1 and 2.

[0108] Step 1: For the odd-numbered elements of the first data sequence, transform element a into the first sequence group and element b into the third sequence group; for the even-numbered elements of the first data sequence, transform element a into the second sequence group and element b into the fourth sequence group.

[0109] In this sequence, the odd-numbered starting element is the first element of the first data sequence, and the even-numbered starting element is the second element of the first data sequence. The first, second, third, and fourth groups of sequences are represented as s1, s2, s3, and s4, respectively.

[0110] Step 2: Insert a first preset sequence from the first preset sequence set between each adjacent first preset sequence.

[0111] When adjacent first preset sequences are the two sequences of the i-th group and the sequence of the (i mod 4)+1-th group respectively, the inserted first preset sequence is the i-th group sequence, i = 1, 2, 3, 4. In this scenario, the second data sequence obtained by inserting the first preset sequence into the data sequence obtained after element transformation of the first data sequence is: {s1 s1 s2 s2 s3 s2 s2 s2 s3 s3 s4 s4 s1 s4 s4 s4 s1 s4 s4 s4 s1 s1 s2 s2 s3 s3 s4 s4 s1 s4 s4 s4}.

[0112] Furthermore, after performing the first processing on the first data sequence to obtain the second data sequence, the second data sequence is subjected to QPSK modulation and phase rotation to obtain the third data sequence, wherein the QPSK modulation and phase rotation rules are as follows:

[0113] In the second data sequence, each group of sequences is sequentially QPSK modulated, and the phase of the QPSK modulated data corresponding to the inserted first preset sequence is rotated by π / 4 to form the third data sequence.

[0114] For the second data sequence, the first sequence s1 is mapped to constellation point S1, the second sequence s2 is mapped to constellation point S2, the third sequence s3 is mapped to constellation point S3, and the fourth sequence s4 is mapped to constellation point S4.

[0115] Then, the QPSK modulation data corresponding to the first preset sequence inserted into the second data sequence is phase rotated, wherein constellation point S1 is rotated by π / 4 phase to become constellation point S1', constellation point S2 is rotated by π / 4 phase to become constellation point S2', constellation point S3 is rotated by π / 4 phase to become constellation point S3', and constellation point S4 is rotated by π / 4 phase to become constellation point S4'.

[0116] After the above processing, the third data sequence is: [S1 S1' S2 S2' S3 S2' S2 S2' S3 S3' S4 S4' S1 S4' S4 S4' S1 S4' S4 S4' S1 S1' S2 S2' S3 S3' S4 S4' S1 S4' S4 S4'].

[0117] Example 4

[0118] This embodiment illustrates how a first data sequence is processed to obtain a second data sequence, and then the second data sequence is modulated to obtain a third data sequence. In this embodiment, the generation process of the third data sequence is described using a specific numerical value as an example, as shown in Figure 4.

[0119] In this embodiment, element a in the first data sequence is 0 and element b is 1; the first sequence s1, the second sequence s2, the third sequence s3, and the fourth sequence s4 are s1 =

[0000] , s2 =

[0001] , s3 =

[0011] , and s4 =

[0010] , respectively; the third data sequence is formed through the process of embodiment three.

[0120] In this embodiment, the first data sequence is: [0010110101001101], and the first processing of the first data sequence includes:

[0121] Step 1: For the odd-numbered elements of the first data sequence, transform element 0 into sequence 00 and element 1 into sequence 11; for the even-numbered elements of the first data sequence, transform element 0 into sequence 01 and element 1 into sequence 10, thereby obtaining the transformed first data sequence [00011101111000100010000111100010].

[0122] Step 2: Insert a first preset sequence from the first preset sequence set between each adjacent first preset sequence. When the adjacent first preset sequences are 00 and 10, the inserted first preset sequence is 10; when the adjacent first preset sequences are 10 and 11, the inserted first preset sequence is 11; when the adjacent first preset sequences are 11 and 01, the inserted first preset sequence is 01; when the adjacent first preset sequences are 01 and 00, the inserted first preset sequence is 00.

[0123] A first preset sequence is also inserted between the last group and the first group, and the inserted first preset sequence is placed after the last group.

[0124] After processing the first data sequence as described above, the second data sequence is: [0000010111010101111110100010101000101010000001011111101000101010].

[0125] Next, the second data sequence is QPSK modulated and phase-rotated to form the third data sequence, wherein the QPSK modulation and phase rotation rules are as follows:

[0126] In the second data sequence, each sequence is sequentially QPSK modulated, and the phase of the QPSK modulated data at even-numbered positions is rotated by π / 4 to form the third data sequence. The phase rotation is counter-clockwise. The QPSK modulated data at even-numbered positions corresponds to the QPSK modulated data of the first preset sequence inserted into the second data sequence. The QPSK modulation constellation mapping rule is as follows:

[0127] In the second data sequence, the first group of sequences s1 =

[0000] , the second group of sequences s2 =

[0001] , the third group of sequences s3 =

[0011] , and the fourth group of sequences s4 =

[0010] correspond to constellation points S1, S2, S3, and S4, respectively. After QPSK modulation of the second data sequence, the fourth data sequence [S1 S1 S2 S2 S3 S2 S2 S2 S3 S3 S4 S4 S1 S4 S4 S4 S1 S4 S4 S4 S1 S1 S2 S2 S3 S3 S4 S4 S1 S4 S4 S4] can be obtained. Then, the even-numbered elements of the fourth data sequence are phase-rotated. The first group of sequences s1 =

[0000] , the second group of sequences s2 =

[0001] , the third group of sequences s3 =

[0011] , and the fourth group of sequences s4 =

[0010] are transformed into constellation points S1', S2', S3', and S4' respectively after phase rotation. Among them, the constellation points [S1, S2, S3, S4] are transformed into constellation points [S1', S2', S3', S4' after π / 4 phase rotation.

[0128] Therefore, the third data sequence obtained after processing the second data sequence as described above is: [S1 S1' S2 S2' S3 S2' S2 S2' S3 S3' S4 S4' S1 S4' S4 S4' S1 S4' S4 S4' S1 S1' S2 S2' S3 S3' S4 S4' S1 S4' S4 S4'].

[0129] Example 5

[0130] This embodiment illustrates how a first data sequence is processed to obtain a second data sequence, and then the second data sequence is modulated to obtain a third data sequence. In this embodiment, the generation process of the third data sequence is described using a specific numerical value as an example, as shown in Figure 5.

[0131] In this embodiment, element a in the first data sequence is 0 and element b is 1; the first, second, third and fourth sequences are s1 =

[0000] , s2 =

[0001] , s3 =

[0011] and s4 =

[0010] , respectively.

[0132] In this embodiment, the first data sequence is: [0010110101001101], and the first processing of the first data sequence includes steps 1 and 2.

[0133] Step 1: For the odd-numbered elements of the first data sequence, transform element 0 into a 00 sequence and element 1 into a 11 sequence; for the even-numbered elements of the first data sequence, transform element 0 into a 01 sequence and element 1 into a 10 sequence, thus obtaining the transformed first data sequence: [00011101111000100010000111100010].

[0134] Step 2: Insert a first preset sequence from the first preset sequence set between each adjacent first preset sequence. When adjacent first preset sequences are 00 and 10, the inserted first preset sequence is 10; when adjacent first preset sequences are 10 and 11, the inserted first preset sequence is 11; when adjacent first preset sequences are 11 and 01, the inserted first preset sequence is 01; when adjacent first preset sequences are 01 and 00, the inserted first preset sequence is 00. A first preset sequence is also inserted between the last group and the first group, and the inserted first preset sequence is placed before the first group.

[0135] After processing the first data sequence as described above, the second data sequence is: [10000001011101010111111010001010100010100000010111111010001010].

[0136] Next, the second data sequence is QPSK modulated and phase-rotated to form the third data sequence, wherein the QPSK modulation and phase rotation rules are as follows:

[0137] In the second data sequence, each group of sequences is sequentially QPSK modulated, and the phase of the QPSK modulated data at even-numbered positions is rotated by π / 4 to form the third data sequence. The phase rotation is counterclockwise. That is, the QPSK modulation constellation mapping rule is:

[0138] In the second data sequence, the first group of sequences s1 =

[0000] , the second group of sequences s2 =

[0001] , the third group of sequences s3 =

[0011] , and the fourth group of sequences s4 =

[0010] correspond to constellation points S1, S2, S3, and S4, respectively. After QPSK modulation of the second data sequence, the fourth data sequence [S4 S1 S1 S2 S2 S3 S2 S2 S2 S3 S3 S4 S4 S1 S4 S4 S4 S1 S4 S4 S4 S1 S1 S2 S2 S3 S3 S4 S4 S1 S4 S4] can be obtained. Then, the even-numbered elements of the fourth data sequence are phase-rotated. The first group of sequences s1 =

[0000] , the second group of sequences s2 =

[0001] , the third group of sequences s3 =

[0011] , and the fourth group of sequences s4 =

[0010] are transformed into constellation points S1', S2', S3', and S4' respectively after phase rotation. Among them, the constellation points [S1, S2, S3, S4] are transformed into constellation points [S1', S2', S3', S4' after π / 4 phase rotation.

[0139] In this embodiment, the starting sequence of the even-numbered position sequence is the first group sequence in the second data sequence, and the starting sequence of the odd-numbered position sequence is the second group sequence in the second data sequence. That is, in this embodiment, the first group sequence in the second data sequence is group 0, which is an even-numbered group, obtained by interpolation between the last group and the first group in the second data sequence. The QPSK modulation data at even-numbered positions is also the QPSK modulation data corresponding to the first preset sequence inserted in the second data sequence.

[0140] Therefore, the third data sequence obtained after processing the second data sequence as described above is: [S4' S1 S1' S2 S2' S3 S2' S2 S2' S3 S3' S4 S4' S1 S4' S4 S4' S1 S4' S4 S4' S1 S1' S2 S2' S3 S3' S4 S4' S1 S4' S4].

[0141] In another example, the QPSK modulation and phase rotation rules can also be:

[0142] Each sequence in the second data sequence is sequentially QPSK modulated, and the odd-numbered sequences are rotated by π / 4 to form the third data sequence. In this example, the starting sequence for the odd-numbered sequences is the first sequence in the second data sequence, and the starting sequence for the even-numbered sequences is the second sequence in the second data sequence. The QPSK modulated data at the odd-numbered positions corresponds to the QPSK modulated data of the first preset sequence inserted into the second data sequence. In this embodiment, the phase of the QPSK modulation symbol corresponding to the inserted first preset sequence is rotated.

[0143] Example 6

[0144] In this embodiment, the process of signal coding and modulation is described by taking the insertion of a first preset sequence from a first preset sequence set into a first data sequence and the phase rotation of the even-numbered sequence in the second data sequence by π / 4 as an example.

[0145] In this embodiment, the first data sequence is processed to form the second data sequence, wherein the first processing includes: inserting a first preset sequence from the first preset sequence set between each adjacent first preset sequence.

[0146] When adjacent first preset sequences are 00 and 10 respectively, the first preset sequence to be inserted is 10; when adjacent first preset sequences are 10 and 11 respectively, the first preset sequence to be inserted is 11; when adjacent first preset sequences are 11 and 01 respectively, the first preset sequence to be inserted is 01; when adjacent first preset sequences are 01 and 00 respectively, the first preset sequence to be inserted is 00.

[0147] Alternatively, when adjacent first preset sequences are 00 and 10 respectively, the first preset sequence to be inserted is 00; when adjacent first preset sequences are 10 and 11 respectively, the first preset sequence to be inserted is 10; when adjacent first preset sequences are 11 and 01 respectively, the first preset sequence to be inserted is 11; when adjacent first preset sequences are 01 and 00 respectively, the first preset sequence to be inserted is 01.

[0148] Furthermore, after obtaining the second data sequence, QPSK modulation is performed on the second data sequence. The QPSK modulation includes: modulating each pair of two bits in the second data sequence using QPSK, and performing a π / 4 phase rotation on the QPSK data at even-numbered positions to obtain the third data sequence. In this embodiment, the QPSK data at even-numbered positions is the QPSK modulated data corresponding to the first preset sequence inserted into the second data sequence.

[0149] When the second data sequence is [00,10,11,01], the constellation diagram corresponding to the second data sequence can be shown in Figure 6. The black dots represent the constellation points corresponding to the inserted first preset sequence after a phase rotation of π / 4. In Figure 6, when the adjacent first preset sequences are 00 and 10, the inserted first preset sequence is 10; when the adjacent first preset sequences are 10 and 11, the inserted first preset sequence is 11; when the adjacent first preset sequences are 11 and 01, the inserted first preset sequence is 01; when the adjacent first preset sequences are 01 and 00, the inserted first preset sequence is 00. The inserted first preset sequence is always selected in a counterclockwise direction from the adjacent first preset sequences. To reduce the phase difference between adjacent first preset sequences, the constellation points of the inserted first preset sequence after a phase rotation of π / 4 are between the constellation points of the adjacent first preset sequences. Therefore, in this scenario, a phase rotation of π / 4 is a clockwise rotation of π / 4.

[0150] When the second data sequence is [00,10,11,01], the constellation diagram corresponding to the second data sequence can be shown in Figure 7. The black dots represent the constellation points corresponding to the inserted first preset sequence after a phase rotation of π / 4. In Figure 7, when adjacent first preset sequences are 00 and 10, the inserted first preset sequence is 10; when adjacent first preset sequences are 10 and 11, the inserted first preset sequence is 11; when adjacent first preset sequences are 11 and 01, the inserted first preset sequence is 01; when adjacent first preset sequences are 01 and 00, the inserted first preset sequence is 00. The inserted first preset sequence is always selected in a clockwise direction from the adjacent first preset sequences. To reduce the phase difference between adjacent first preset sequences, the constellation points of the inserted first preset sequence after a phase rotation of π / 4 should be between the constellation points of the adjacent first preset sequences. Therefore, in this scenario, a phase rotation of π / 4 is a counterclockwise rotation of π / 4.

[0151] When the second data sequence is [00,10,11,01], the constellation diagram corresponding to the second data sequence can be shown in Figure 8. The black dots represent the constellation points corresponding to the inserted first preset sequence after a phase rotation of π / 4. In Figure 8, when adjacent first preset sequences are 00 and 10, the inserted first preset sequence is 00; when adjacent first preset sequences are 10 and 11, the inserted first preset sequence is 10; when adjacent first preset sequences are 11 and 01, the inserted first preset sequence is 11; when adjacent first preset sequences are 01 and 00, the inserted first preset sequence is 01. The inserted first preset sequence is always selected in a clockwise direction from the adjacent first preset sequences. To reduce the phase difference between adjacent first preset sequences, the constellation points of the inserted first preset sequence after a phase rotation of π / 4 should be between the constellation points of the adjacent first preset sequences. Therefore, in this scenario, a phase rotation of π / 4 is a counterclockwise rotation of π / 4.

[0152] When the second data sequence is [00,10,11,01], the constellation diagram corresponding to the second data sequence can be shown in Figure 9. The black dots represent the constellation points corresponding to the inserted first preset sequence after a phase rotation of π / 4. In Figure 9, when the adjacent first preset sequences are 00 and 10, the inserted first preset sequence is 00; when the adjacent first preset sequences are 10 and 11, the inserted first preset sequence is 10; when the adjacent first preset sequences are 11 and 01, the inserted first preset sequence is 11; when the adjacent first preset sequences are 01 and 00, the inserted first preset sequence is 01. The inserted first preset sequence is always selected in a clockwise direction from the adjacent first preset sequences. To reduce the phase difference between adjacent first preset sequences, the constellation points of the inserted first preset sequence after a phase rotation of π / 4 should be between the constellation points of the adjacent first preset sequences. Therefore, in this scenario, a phase rotation of π / 4 is a clockwise rotation of π / 4.

[0153] It should be noted that in Figures 6 to 9, 00', 01', 10', and 11' represent the constellation points corresponding to the first preset sequence after a phase rotation of π / 4, and the arrow direction indicates the direction of the π / 4 rotation.

[0154] Example 7

[0155] This embodiment is an example of a constellation point set modulated by QPSK and a constellation point set after phase rotation by π / 4.

[0156] In this embodiment, QPSK modulation of the second data sequence to form the third data sequence includes: QPSK modulation of each pair of two bits in the second data sequence, and π / 4 phase rotation of the QPSK data of the even-numbered bit sequence to form the third data sequence.

[0157] The constellation point set of QPSK modulation is:

[0158] {exp(-1j*θ),exp(-1j*(θ+π / 2)),exp(-1j*(θ+π)),exp(-1j*(θ+3π / 2))}, where θ is any value from 0 to 2π.

[0159] The constellation point set after a π / 4 phase rotation of the QPSK modulated constellation point set is:

[0160] {exp(-1j*(θ+π / 4)),exp(-1j*(θ+3π / 4)),exp(-1j*(θ+5π / 4)),exp(-1j*(θ+7π / 4))}, or,

[0161] {exp(-1j*(θ-π / 4)),exp(-1j*(θ+π / 4)),exp(-1j*(θ+3π / 4)),exp(-1j*(θ+5π / 4))}.

[0162] In the second data sequence, the odd-numbered bits are modulated using constellation points of QPSK modulation, while the even-numbered bits can be modulated using constellation points of the QPSK-modulated constellation point set after a π / 4 phase rotation, or the even-numbered bits can be QPSK-modulated and then subjected to a π / 4 phase rotation.

[0163] Example 8

[0164] This embodiment is an example of waveform modulation of a third data sequence.

[0165] After obtaining the third data sequence, a phase rotation operation can be performed on the third data sequence to obtain the signal to be transmitted, and then the signal to be transmitted can be transmitted.

[0166] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the phase rotation operation performed on the third data sequence is different from the phase rotation in Embodiments 1 to 7 above. In this embodiment, the phase rotation is performed on all elements of the third data sequence, while in Embodiments 1 to 7, the phase rotation is performed on a portion of the second data sequence (either the even-numbered sequence or the odd-numbered sequence).

[0167] Example 9

[0168] This embodiment is an example of waveform modulation of a third data sequence.

[0169] In this embodiment, after obtaining the third data, the real part and imaginary part of the third data sequence can be separated to obtain a real part data sequence and an imaginary part data sequence; then, the real part data sequence and the imaginary part data sequence are filtered and converted from digital to analog to obtain the signal to be transmitted, and the signal to be transmitted is transmitted.

[0170] As an example, Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of the generation of the signal to be transmitted. As shown in Figure 10, a first data sequence is obtained by performing a second process on the bit data sequence. A second data sequence is obtained by performing a first process on the first data sequence. Then, the second data sequence is QPSK modulated and phase-rotated to form a third data sequence, or the second data sequence is π / 4QPSK modulated to form the third data sequence. Next, the real and imaginary data parts of the third data sequence are separated to form a real data sequence and an imaginary data sequence. Both the real and imaginary data sequences are then filtered and converted from digital to analog to obtain the signal to be transmitted. Before transmitting the signal, a mixer can be used to modulate the real and imaginary data sequences after the digital-to-analog conversion, so that the mixed real and imaginary data sequences are modulated onto the carrier frequency for transmission. For example, in Figure 10, cos(w) is used... c t) Mix the real part data sequence after digital-to-analog conversion using -sin(w) c t) Mix the partial data sequence after digital-to-analog conversion.

[0171] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the module implementing filtering and digital-to-analog conversion can be one module, or two or more modules. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the filtering operation can also be performed before separating the real and imaginary parts of the third data sequence. The specific order of operations can be set according to actual needs and is not specifically limited here.

[0172] Example 10

[0173] This embodiment is an example of waveform modulation of a third data sequence.

[0174] In this embodiment, after obtaining the third data, the third data sequence can be subjected to Fourier transform, subcarrier mapping, and inverse Fourier transform to obtain the signal to be transmitted, and then the signal to be transmitted can be transmitted.

[0175] As an example, Figure 11 illustrates the generation of the signal to be transmitted. As shown in Figure 11, a first data sequence is obtained by performing a second process on the bit data sequence. A second data sequence is then obtained by performing a first process on the first data sequence. The second data sequence is then subjected to QPSK modulation and phase rotation to form a third data sequence, or the second data sequence is subjected to π / 4QPSK modulation to form the third data sequence. Next, the third data sequence undergoes DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform), subcarrier mapping (with some subcarrier positions filled with data 0 for oversampling), IDFT (Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform), and the addition of a cyclic prefix (CP). Further digital-to-analog conversion may also be performed to obtain the signal to be transmitted, which is then transmitted via an RF link.

[0176] Example 11

[0177] This embodiment is an example of waveform modulation of a third data sequence.

[0178] In this embodiment, after obtaining the third data, the third data sequence can be subjected to Fourier transform, subcarrier mapping, spectrum shaping, and inverse Fourier transform to obtain the signal to be transmitted, and then the signal to be transmitted can be transmitted.

[0179] As an example, Figure 12 illustrates the generation of the signal to be transmitted. As shown in Figure 12, after obtaining the bit data sequence, a header sequence and a tail sequence are added to the beginning and end of the second-processed bit data sequence, respectively. Then, the bit data sequence with added header and tail sequences undergoes a second processing to obtain the first data sequence. The first data sequence undergoes a first processing to obtain the second data sequence. Then, the second data sequence is subjected to QPSK modulation and phase rotation to form a third data sequence, or the second data sequence is subjected to π / 4QPSK modulation to form the third data sequence. Next, the third data sequence undergoes DFT, subcarrier mapping, spectrum shaping, IDFT, and digital-to-analog conversion operations, and can then be transmitted on the radio frequency link.

[0180] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, spectrum shaping can be a dot product operation or a filtering operation. The function used for spectrum shaping can be the root-raised cosine function.

[0181] Furthermore, it should be noted that the addition of the beginning and end sequences can be performed after the second processing or after the first processing. Additionally, they can be added to the beginning or end of the second data sequence. Moreover, the addition of the beginning and end sequences can also be performed after QPSK modulation, phase rotation, or π / 4QPSK modulation. The beginning and end sequences can also be added after the third data sequence to serve as a cyclic prefix and pilot signal.

[0182] This concludes the introduction to the modulation method proposed in this application.

[0183] This application embodiment also provides a modulation device, as shown in FIG13. The device 1300 includes: a sequence acquisition module 1301, an encoding module 1302, and a modulation module 1303.

[0184] Sequence acquisition module 1301 is used to acquire a first data sequence, the first data sequence including a first element and a second element;

[0185] Encoding module 1302 is used to perform a first processing on a first data sequence to obtain a second data sequence. The first processing includes: transforming the first element and the second element in the first data sequence into a first preset sequence in a first preset sequence set, and adding a first preset sequence in the first preset sequence set between adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence.

[0186] The modulation module 1303 is used to modulate the second data sequence to obtain the third data sequence.

[0187] In one example, the first preset sequence set includes a first set of sequences, a second set of sequences, a third set of sequences, and a fourth set of sequences.

[0188] In one example, when the first element is 'a' and the second element is 'b', the first set of sequences, the second set of sequences, the third set of sequences, and the fourth set of sequences in the first preset sequence set shall use one of the following:

[0189] [aa], [ba], [bb], [ab];

[0190] [ba], [bb], [ab], [aa];

[0191] [bb], [ab], [aa], [ba];

[0192] [ab], [aa], [ba], [bb];

[0193] [aa], [ab], [bb], [ba];

[0194] [ab], [bb], [ba], [aa];

[0195] [bb], [ba], [aa], [ab]; or

[0196] [ba], [aa], [ab], [bb].

[0197] In one example, the first data sequence is a bit data sequence with elements of 0 and 1, or 1 and -1, where the first element a and the second element b are 0 and 1, respectively; or, the first element a and the second element b are 1 and -1, respectively.

[0198] In one example, the encoding module is specifically used to transform the first element in odd positions into the first group sequence, the second element in odd positions into the third group sequence, and the first element in even positions into the second group sequence, and the second element in even positions into the fourth group sequence, for each element of the first data sequence.

[0199] In one example, the encoding module is specifically used to insert a first preset sequence between adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence: when the adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence are the i-th sequence and the (i mod 4)+1-th sequence respectively, the inserted first preset sequence is the (i mod 4)+1-th sequence, where i is a positive integer, 1≤i≤4, and mod is the modulo operation; or, when the adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence are the i-th sequence and the (i mod 4)+1-th sequence respectively, the inserted first preset sequence is the i-th sequence, where i is a positive integer, 1≤i≤4, and mod is the modulo operation.

[0200] In one example, the encoding module is specifically used to take the first set of sequences and the last set of sequences in the transformed first data sequence as adjacent first preset sequences, and add the first preset sequence in the first preset sequence set before the first set of sequences, or after the last set of sequences.

[0201] In one example, the modulation is phase modulation, and the first preset sequence corresponds to the constellation points in the constellation diagram corresponding to the phase modulation.

[0202] In one example, the phase modulation is quaternary phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation.

[0203] In one example, the phase modulation is π / 4QPSK modulation.

[0204] In one example, the four sets of sequences in the first preset sequence set correspond to the four constellation points in the constellation diagram corresponding to QPSK modulation.

[0205] In one example, the four sets of sequences in the first preset sequence set correspond sequentially to the eight constellation points in the constellation diagram corresponding to π / 4QPSK modulation.

[0206] In one example, the starting element of the odd-numbered elements in the first data sequence is the first element of the first data sequence; the starting element of the even-numbered elements in the first data sequence is the second element of the first data sequence.

[0207] In one example, the modulation module includes a first modulation module and a phase rotation module. The first modulation module performs QPSK modulation on the second data sequence to obtain a fourth data sequence; the phase rotation module performs phase rotation on the fourth data sequence to obtain a third data sequence.

[0208] In one example, the first modulation module is specifically used to perform phase rotation on the QPSK modulation symbol corresponding to the first preset sequence inserted in the fourth data sequence, wherein the inserted first preset sequence is the first preset sequence inserted between adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence.

[0209] In one example, the first modulation module is specifically used to perform phase rotation on the even-numbered elements in the fourth data sequence, in the case that the first set of sequences and the last set of sequences in the transformed first data sequence are adjacent first preset sequences, and a first preset sequence is added after the last set of sequences, to obtain the third data sequence.

[0210] In one example, the first modulation module is specifically used to perform phase rotation on the odd-numbered elements in the fourth data sequence, with the first set of sequences and the last set of sequences in the transformed first data sequence as adjacent first preset sequences, and with the first preset sequence added before the first set of sequences, to obtain the third data sequence.

[0211] In one example, the phase rotation is a π / 4 phase rotation.

[0212] In one example, the phase rotation module is specifically used to rotate the constellation point corresponding to the first preset sequence inserted in the fourth data sequence clockwise by π / 4 phase when the direction of the QPSK constellation diagram corresponding to the first set of sequences 1, 2, 3 and 4 in the first preset sequence set is counterclockwise and the inserted first preset sequence is the (i mod 4)+1th set of sequences. Here, i is a positive integer, 1≤i≤4, and mod is the modulo operation.

[0213] If the mapping direction of the QPSK constellation diagram corresponding to the first set of sequences, the second set of sequences, the third set of sequences and the fourth set of sequences in the first preset sequence set is clockwise, and the first preset sequence inserted is the (i mod 4)+1th set of sequences, the constellation point corresponding to the first preset sequence inserted in the fourth data sequence is rotated counterclockwise by π / 4 phase, where i is a positive integer, 1≤i≤4, and mod is the modulo operation;

[0214] If the mapping direction of the QPSK constellation diagram corresponding to the first set of sequences, the second set of sequences, the third set of sequences and the fourth set of sequences in the first preset sequence set is counterclockwise, and the first preset sequence inserted is the i-th set of sequences, the constellation point corresponding to the first preset sequence inserted in the fourth data sequence is rotated counterclockwise by π / 4 phase, where i is a positive integer, 1≤i≤4, and mod is the modulo operation;

[0215] If the mapping direction of the QPSK constellation diagrams corresponding to the first set of sequences, the second set of sequences, the third set of sequences, and the fourth set of sequences in the first preset sequence set is clockwise, and the first preset sequence inserted is the i-th set of sequences, the constellation point corresponding to the first preset sequence inserted in the fourth data sequence is rotated clockwise by π / 4 phase, where i is a positive integer, 1≤i≤4, and mod is the modulo operation.

[0216] In one example, the modulation module is specifically used to perform π / 4QPSK modulation on the second data sequence to obtain the third data sequence.

[0217] In one example, the sequence acquisition module is specifically used to acquire a bit data sequence; and to perform a second processing on the bit data sequence to obtain a first data sequence, wherein the second processing includes at least one of: low-density parity-check code (LDPC) encoding, polar code encoding, Turbo encoding, or convolutional encoding.

[0218] In one example, the sequence acquisition module is specifically used to acquire a bit data sequence; a head sequence and a tail sequence are added to the head and tail of the bit data sequence respectively to obtain a first data sequence, wherein the length of the tail sequence is greater than or equal to the length of the head sequence.

[0219] In one example, the modulation device further includes: a rotation module, used to perform a phase rotation operation on the third data sequence after modulating the second data sequence to obtain the third data sequence, to obtain the signal to be transmitted; and to transmit the signal to be transmitted.

[0220] In one example, the modulation apparatus further includes: a first signal processing module, configured to, after modulating the second data sequence to obtain a third data sequence, separate the real part and the imaginary part of the third data sequence to obtain a real data sequence and an imaginary data sequence; perform filtering and digital-to-analog conversion processing on the real data sequence and the imaginary data sequence to obtain a signal to be transmitted; and transmit the signal to be transmitted.

[0221] In one example, the modulation device further includes: a first signal processing module, used to perform Fourier transform, subcarrier mapping, spectrum shaping, and inverse Fourier transform on the third data sequence to obtain the signal to be transmitted; and to transmit the signal to be transmitted.

[0222] The modulation apparatus provided in this application embodiment can implement all the processes implemented in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0223] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0224] Figure 14 shows a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0225] The electronic device may include a processor 1401 and a memory 1402 storing computer program instructions.

[0226] Specifically, the processor 1401 may include a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits that can be configured to implement the embodiments of this application.

[0227] Memory 1402 may include mass storage for data or instructions. For example, and not limitingly, memory 1402 may include a hard disk drive (HDD), floppy disk drive, flash memory, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, magnetic tape, or Universal Serial Bus (USB) drive, or a combination of two or more of these. Where appropriate, memory 1402 may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media. Where appropriate, memory 1402 may be internal or external to the integrated gateway disaster recovery device. In a particular embodiment, memory 1402 is non-volatile solid-state memory.

[0228] Memory may include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk storage media devices, optical storage media devices, flash memory devices, and electrical, optical, or other physical / tangible memory storage devices. Therefore, typically, memory includes one or more tangible (non-transitory) computer-readable storage media (e.g., memory devices) encoded with software including computer-executable instructions, and when the software is executed (e.g., by one or more processors), it is operable to perform the operations described with reference to the methods according to one aspect of this disclosure.

[0229] The processor 1401 implements any of the modulation methods described in the above embodiments by reading and executing computer program instructions stored in the memory 1402.

[0230] In one example, the electronic device may also include a communication interface 1403 and a bus 1410. As shown in Figure 14, the processor 1401, memory 1402, and communication interface 1403 are connected via bus 1410 and communicate with each other.

[0231] The communication interface 1403 is mainly used to realize communication between various modules, devices, units and / or equipment in the embodiments of this application.

[0232] Bus 1410 includes hardware, software, or both, that couples components of an electronic device together. For example, and not limitingly, the bus may include an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics bus, an Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, a Front Side Bus (FSB), HyperTransport (HT) interconnect, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, an Infinite Bandwidth Interconnect, a Low Pin Count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a Microchannel Architecture (MCA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, a Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) bus, a Video Electronics Standards Association Local (VLB) bus, or other suitable buses, or combinations of two or more of these. Where appropriate, bus 1410 may include one or more buses. Although specific buses are described and illustrated in embodiments of this application, any suitable bus or interconnect is contemplated herein.

[0233] Furthermore, in conjunction with the modulation methods in the above embodiments, this application embodiment can provide a computer-readable storage medium for implementation. This computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions; when executed by a processor, these computer program instructions implement any of the modulation methods in the above embodiments.

[0234] Furthermore, in conjunction with the modulation methods described in the above embodiments, this application can provide a computer program product for implementation. When the instructions in this computer program product are executed by the processor of an electronic device, the electronic device performs any of the modulation methods described in the above embodiments.

[0235] It should be clarified that this application is not limited to the specific configurations and processes described above and shown in the figures. For the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of known methods are omitted here. In the above embodiments, several specific steps are described and shown as examples. However, the method process of this application is not limited to the specific steps described and shown. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, and additions, or change the order of steps, after understanding the spirit of this application.

[0236] The functional modules shown in the above-described block diagram can be implemented as hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, they can be, for example, electronic circuits, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), appropriate firmware, plug-ins, function cards, etc. When implemented in software, the elements of this application are programs or code segments used to perform the required tasks. Programs or code segments can be stored on a machine-readable medium or transmitted over a transmission medium or communication link via data signals carried on a carrier wave. "Machine-readable medium" can include any medium capable of storing or transmitting information. Examples of machine-readable media include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROM, flash memory, erasable ROM (EROM), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, fiber optic media, radio frequency (RF) links, etc. Code segments can be downloaded via computer networks such as the Internet, intranets, etc.

[0237] It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments mentioned in this application describe methods or systems based on a series of steps or apparatus. However, this application is not limited to the order of the above steps; that is, the steps can be performed in the order mentioned in the embodiments, or in a different order, or several steps can be performed simultaneously.

[0238] The foregoing flowcharts and / or block diagrams of modulation methods, modulation apparatuses, electronic devices, storage media, and products according to embodiments of the present disclosure have described various aspects of the present disclosure. It should be understood that each block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to create a machine such that these instructions, executable via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, enable the implementation of the functions / actions specified in one or more blocks of the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Such a processor may be, but is not limited to, a general-purpose processor, a special-purpose processor, a special application processor, or a field-programmable logic circuit. It is also understood that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can also be implemented by dedicated hardware performing the specified functions or actions, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0239] The above description is merely a specific implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, modules, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A modulation method, comprising: Obtain a first data sequence, the first data sequence including a first element and a second element; The first data sequence is processed to obtain a second data sequence. The first processing includes: transforming the first element and the second element in the first data sequence into a first preset sequence in a first preset sequence set, and adding a first preset sequence in the first preset sequence set between adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence. The second data sequence is modulated to obtain the third data sequence.

2. The modulation method according to claim 1, wherein, The first preset sequence set includes the first set of sequences, the second set of sequences, the third set of sequences, and the fourth set of sequences.

3. The modulation method according to claim 2, wherein, When the first element is 'a' and the second element is 'b', the first set of sequences, the second set of sequences, the third set of sequences, and the fourth set of sequences in the first preset sequence set shall adopt one of the following: [aa], [ba], [bb], [ab]; [ba], [bb], [ab], [aa]; [bb], [ab], [aa], [ba]; [ab], [aa], [ba], [bb]; [aa], [ab], [bb], [ba]; [ab], [bb], [ba], [aa]; [bb], [ba], [aa], [ab]; or [ba], [aa], [ab], [bb].

4. The modulation method according to claim 3, wherein, The first data sequence is a bit data sequence with elements of 0 and 1, or 1 and -1.

5. The modulation method according to claim 2, wherein, The step of transforming the first element and the second element in the first data sequence into a first preset sequence in a first preset sequence set includes: For each element of the first data sequence, the first element in odd positions is transformed into the first group sequence, the second element in odd positions is transformed into the third group sequence; and the first element in even positions is transformed into the second group sequence, and the second element in even positions is transformed into the fourth group sequence.

6. The modulation method according to claim 2, wherein, Adding a first preset sequence from the first preset sequence set between adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence includes: Insert a first preset sequence between adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence: When the adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence are the i-th sequence and the (i mod 4)+1-th sequence, the inserted first preset sequence is the (i mod 4)+1-th sequence, where i is a positive integer, 1 ≤ i ≤ 4, and mod is the modulo operation; or, When the adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence are the i-th sequence and the (i mod 4)+1-th sequence respectively, the inserted first preset sequence is the i-th sequence, where i is a positive integer, 1≤i≤4, and mod is the modulo operation.

7. The modulation method according to claim 2, wherein, Adding a first preset sequence from the first preset sequence set between adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence includes: The first set of sequences and the last set of sequences in the transformed first data sequence are taken as adjacent first preset sequences. The first preset sequence in the first preset sequence set is added before the first set of sequences or after the last set of sequences.

8. The modulation method according to claim 2, wherein, The modulation is phase modulation, and the first preset sequence corresponds to a constellation point in the constellation diagram corresponding to the phase modulation.

9. The modulation method according to claim 8, wherein, The phase modulation is quaternary phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation.

10. The modulation method according to claim 8, wherein, The phase modulation is π / 4QPSK modulation.

11. The modulation method according to claim 9, wherein, The four sets of sequences in the first preset sequence set correspond sequentially to the four constellation points in the constellation diagram corresponding to the QPSK modulation.

12. The modulation method according to claim 10, wherein, The four sets of sequences in the first preset sequence set correspond sequentially to the eight constellation points in the constellation diagram corresponding to the π / 4QPSK modulation.

13. The modulation method according to claim 5, wherein, The starting element of the odd-numbered elements in the first data sequence is the first element in the first data sequence; the starting element of the even-numbered elements in the first data sequence is the second element in the first data sequence.

14. The modulation method according to claim 11, wherein, The modulation of the second data sequence to obtain the third data sequence includes: The second data sequence is QPSK modulated to obtain the fourth data sequence; The third data sequence is obtained by performing a phase rotation on the fourth data sequence.

15. The modulation method according to claim 14, wherein, The third data sequence is obtained by performing a phase rotation on the fourth data sequence, including: Phase rotation is performed on the QPSK modulation symbol corresponding to the first preset sequence inserted into the fourth data sequence, wherein the inserted first preset sequence is a first preset sequence inserted between adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence.

16. The modulation method according to claim 15, wherein, Phase rotation is performed on the QPSK modulation symbol corresponding to the first preset sequence inserted into the fourth data sequence, including: In the transformed first data sequence, the first and last sets of sequences are used as adjacent first preset sequences, and the first preset sequence is added after the last set of sequences. Then, the even-numbered elements in the fourth data sequence are phase-rotated to obtain the third data sequence.

17. The modulation method according to claim 15, wherein, Phase rotation is performed on the QPSK modulation symbol corresponding to the first preset sequence inserted into the fourth data sequence, including: In the transformed first data sequence, the first set of sequences and the last set of sequences are used as adjacent first preset sequences. With the first preset sequence added before the first set of sequences, the odd-numbered elements in the fourth data sequence are phase-rotated to obtain the third data sequence.

18. The modulation method according to claim 15, wherein, The phase rotation is a π / 4 phase rotation.

19. The modulation method according to claim 18, wherein, The step of performing phase rotation on the QPSK modulation symbol corresponding to the first preset sequence inserted into the fourth data sequence includes: In the case that the QPSK constellation diagrams corresponding to the first, second, third, and fourth sequences in the first preset sequence set are in a counterclockwise direction, and the inserted first preset sequence is the (i mod 4)+1th sequence, the constellation point corresponding to the inserted first preset sequence in the fourth data sequence is rotated clockwise by π / 4 phase, where i is a positive integer, 1≤i≤4, and mod is the modulo operation; If the mapping direction of the QPSK constellation diagram corresponding to the first set of sequences, the second set of sequences, the third set of sequences, and the fourth set of sequences in the first preset sequence set is clockwise, and the first preset sequence to be inserted is the (i mod 4)+1th set of sequences, the constellation point corresponding to the first preset sequence inserted in the fourth data sequence is rotated counterclockwise by π / 4 phase, where i is a positive integer, 1≤i≤4, and mod is the modulo operation; In the case where the mapping direction of the QPSK constellation diagram corresponding to the first set of sequences, the second set of sequences, the third set of sequences, and the fourth set of sequences in the first preset sequence set is counterclockwise, and the first preset sequence inserted is the i-th set of sequences, the constellation point corresponding to the first preset sequence inserted in the fourth data sequence is rotated counterclockwise by π / 4 phase, where i is a positive integer, 1≤i≤4, and mod is the modulo operation; If the mapping direction of the QPSK constellation diagrams corresponding to the first set of preset sequences, the second set of preset sequences, the third set of preset sequences, and the fourth set of preset sequences in the first preset sequence set is clockwise, and the first preset sequence to be inserted is the i-th set of preset sequences, the constellation point corresponding to the first preset sequence inserted in the fourth data sequence is rotated clockwise by π / 4 phase, where i is a positive integer, 1≤i≤4, and mod is the modulo operation.

20. The modulation method according to claim 12, wherein, The modulation of the second data sequence to obtain the third data sequence includes: The second data sequence is modulated using π / 4QPSK to obtain the third data sequence.

21. The modulation method according to claim 1, wherein, The acquisition of the first data sequence includes: Obtain the bit data sequence; The bit data sequence is subjected to a second processing to obtain the first data sequence, wherein the second processing includes at least one of: low-density parity-check code (LDPC) encoding, polar code (Polar) encoding, Turbo encoding, or convolutional encoding.

22. The modulation method according to claim 1, wherein, The acquisition of the first data sequence includes: Obtain the bit data sequence; A first data sequence is obtained by adding a beginning sequence and a end sequence to the beginning and end of the bit data sequence, respectively, wherein the length of the end sequence is greater than or equal to the length of the beginning sequence.

23. The modulation method according to claim 1, after modulating the second data sequence to obtain the third data sequence, the method further includes: Perform a phase rotation operation on the third data sequence to obtain the signal to be transmitted; Transmit the signal to be transmitted.

24. The modulation method according to claim 1, further comprising, after modulating the second data sequence to obtain the third data sequence: Separate the real and imaginary parts of the third data sequence to obtain a real data sequence and an imaginary data sequence; The real part data sequence and the imaginary part data sequence are filtered and converted from digital to analog to obtain the signal to be transmitted. Transmit the signal to be transmitted.

25. The modulation method according to claim 1, further comprising, after modulating the second data sequence to obtain the third data sequence: The third data sequence is subjected to Fourier transform, subcarrier mapping, spectrum shaping, and inverse Fourier transform to obtain the signal to be transmitted; Transmit the signal to be transmitted.

26. A modulation apparatus, comprising: A sequence acquisition module is used to acquire a first data sequence, wherein the first data sequence includes a first element and a second element; An encoding module is used to perform a first processing on the first data sequence to obtain a second data sequence. The first processing includes: transforming the first element and the second element in the first data sequence into a first preset sequence in a first preset sequence set, and adding a first preset sequence in the first preset sequence set between adjacent first preset sequences in the transformed first data sequence. A modulation module is used to modulate the second data sequence to obtain a third data sequence.

27. An electronic device, comprising: Processor and memory storing computer program instructions; When the processor executes the computer program instructions, it implements the modulation method as described in any one of claims 1-25.

28. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the modulation method as described in any one of claims 1-25.

29. A computer program product, wherein instructions in the computer program product, when executed by a processor of an electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform the modulation method as described in any one of claims 1-25.

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