Power supply device applied to fuel cells and operation method therefor

Abstract

A power supply device applied to fuel cells, comprising a power conversion circuit and a control circuit. The power conversion circuit is configured to output corresponding power to a load on the basis of a power input signal of a fuel cell. The control circuit is configured to generate an input current control signal on the basis of an input power command and a power ramp rate command, or an input current command and a current ramp rate command, and a measured power value or a measured current value. On the basis of the input current control signal, the control circuit generates a control signal, and accordingly controls the power conversion circuit to adjust the power or current of the power input signal of the fuel cell. The input current of the power supply device can reach the expected target more quickly, and the power supply device is prevented from excessively drawing input power or current from the fuel cell. The present application also relates to an operation method.

Description

Power supply for fuel cells and its operation method Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a power supply, and more particularly to a power supply for a fuel cell and a method of operating the same. Background Technology

[0002] In conventional power supply applications, the power supply's input is coupled to an input power source, and a power conversion circuit converts voltage, current, or power according to various load demands to provide appropriate power to the load. However, in existing power supply applications using fuel cells as the input power source, the fuel cell is limited by its fuel reaction rate and cannot immediately provide the required current or power to the power conversion circuit. Therefore, current practices incorporate a current control device between the fuel cell and the power conversion circuit to limit the rate at which the power conversion circuit draws current from the fuel cell, preventing excessive current or power draw from the fuel cell and thus excessive wear or damage to the fuel cell.

[0003] Current limiting devices are often implemented using variable resistors or semiconductor elements operating in variable resistor mode. Therefore, they not only consume additional energy but also affect the response speed and efficiency of the power supply. Figure 1 shows the timing diagram of the input current of the fuel cell power conversion circuit at different current change rates. Due to the response time of the current limiting device, the output of the fuel cell is delayed after passing through the current limiting device, causing the input current of the power conversion circuit to exhibit a stepped increase or decrease, especially when the current increases and decreases at a relatively fast rate, thus reducing the response speed and efficiency of the power supply. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, improvements are needed to existing fuel cell power supplies to address the aforementioned technical problems. One embodiment of this disclosure is a power supply for coupling a fuel cell and a load. The power supply includes a power conversion circuit and a control circuit. The power conversion circuit includes a power conversion input terminal for coupling to the fuel cell and a power conversion output terminal for coupling to the load. The power conversion circuit outputs a power output signal to the load corresponding to a power input signal from the fuel cell. A control circuit is coupled to the power conversion circuit and is configured to: generate an input current control signal based on an input power command and a power change slope command or an input current command and a current change slope command, and based on a measured power value or a measured current value; generate an output current control signal based on the input current control signal and an output current measurement value; generate an output voltage control signal based on a reference voltage value and an output voltage measurement value; and generate the power conversion control signal based on at least one of the output current control signal and the output voltage control signal, and use it to control the power conversion circuit to adjust the power of the power input signal of the fuel cell according to the power change slope command, or to control the power conversion circuit to adjust the current of the power input signal of the fuel cell according to the current change slope command.

[0005] Another embodiment of this disclosure is an operating method for a power supply, the operating method comprising: receiving a power input signal from a fuel cell; generating an input current control signal corresponding to an input power command and a power change slope command or an input current command and a current change slope command, and a measured power value or a measured current value; generating an output current control signal based on the input current control signal and an output current measurement value; generating an output voltage control signal based on a reference voltage value and an output voltage measurement value; and generating a power conversion control signal based on at least one of the output current control signal and the output voltage control signal, and using it to control the power supply to adjust a power of the power input signal of the fuel cell according to the power change slope command, or to control the power supply to adjust a current of the power input signal of the fuel cell according to the current change slope command.

[0006] This disclosure provides a power supply for a fuel cell and its operating method. The power supply generates a power conversion control signal for a power conversion circuit based on the input power command or input current command, power change slope command or current change slope command, measured current value and measured power value received by the control circuit. The power conversion circuit adjusts the input power or input current according to the power conversion control signal to avoid the power supply from excessively drawing too much input power or input current from the fuel cell, which could damage the fuel cell. Attached Figure Description

[0007] This disclosure can be more fully understood by referring to the following detailed description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0008] Figure 1 shows a timing diagram of the current magnitude change in the power conversion circuit used with the fuel cell as the input current from the fuel cell is adjusted.

[0009] Figure 2 is a functional block diagram of a power supply according to some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0010] Figure 3 is a functional block diagram of the internal architecture of the control circuit shown in Figure 2;

[0011] Figure 4 is a timing diagram showing the change in current magnitude of the power supply in this disclosure as it adjusts the input current from the fuel cell.

[0012] Figure Label Explanation: 100: Power Supply; 110: Power Conversion Circuit; 120: Control Circuit; 121: Input Signal Control Circuit; 121a: Reference Generation Circuit; 121b: Input Signal Difference Generation Circuit; 121c: Input Signal Control Generation Circuit; 122: Output Current Control Circuit; 122a: Current Integration Circuit; 122b: Output Current Controller; 123: Output Voltage Control Circuit; 123a: Voltage Integration Circuit; 123b: Output Voltage Controller; 124: Multiplexer; 125: Signal Modulation Circuit; 140: Input Current Detection Circuit; 150: Input Power Detection Circuit; 160: Output Voltage Detection Circuit; 170: Output Current Detection Circuit; 200: Fuel Cell; 210: Fuel Cell Controller; 300: Load; Pin: Input Power; Pcmd: Input Power Prate command: Power change slope command; Pref command: Target reference power value; PD command: Input power difference; Iin command: Input current; Iout command: Output current; Ioc command: Output current control signal; Icmd command: Input current command; Irate command: Current change slope command; Iref command: Target reference current value; Idif command: Current difference value; ID command: Input current difference; Vin command: Input voltage; Vout command: Output voltage; Voc command: Output voltage control signal; Vref command: Reference voltage value; Vdif command: Voltage difference value; A1 command: Modulation control signal; CI command: Input current control signal; SD command: Status information; S1, S2, S3 command: Curve; MP command: Measured power value; MI command: Measured current value; MV command: Measured output voltage value; MO command: Measured output current value; Pc command: Power conversion control signal. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the specific embodiments described are only used to explain this disclosure and are not intended to limit this disclosure. The description of the structural operations is not intended to limit the order of their execution. Any structure that is recombined with elements and produces an apparatus with equivalent technical effects is within the scope of this disclosure.

[0014] Unless otherwise specified, the terms used throughout the specification and claims generally have their ordinary meaning in the context of the art, the disclosure, and the specific content.

[0015] The term "coupling" as used in this article can refer to two or more components making direct physical or electrical contact with each other, or making indirect physical or electrical contact with each other, or it can refer to two or more components operating or moving with each other.

[0016] Figure 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a power supply 100 according to the present disclosure. The power supply 100 is coupled between a fuel cell 200 and a load 300. The power supply 100 draws input current Iin from the fuel cell 200, converts it to a suitable power specification (e.g., a specific voltage, current, or power), and supplies power to the load 300. The power supply 100 includes a power conversion circuit 110, a control circuit 120, an input current detection circuit 140, an input power detection circuit 150, an output voltage detection circuit 160, and an output current detection circuit 170.

[0017] In one embodiment, the power conversion circuit 110 may employ a suitable power conversion architecture such as an isolated or non-isolated AC-DC converter, DC-DC converter, DC-AC converter, or AC-AC converter. The control circuit 120 may be implemented using one or more suitable circuit elements such as a microcontroller unit (MCU), a central processing unit (CPU), or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The input current detection circuit 140 and the output current detection circuit 170 may be implemented using suitable circuit elements such as a current transducer. The input power detection circuit 150 and the output voltage detection circuit 160 may be implemented using suitable circuit elements such as a voltage sensor. The fuel cell 200 may be a suitable type of fuel cell such as a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) or an alkaline fuel cell (AFC).

[0018] When the output load increases, if the fuel cell 200 needs to increase its power output, more reactant gas needs to be introduced, and the fuel cell 200 needs a certain reaction time to increase its output power. If too much current is forcibly drawn from the fuel cell 200 too early, the fuel cell 200 may not be able to provide the required current, potentially leading to excessive wear and damage. The power supply 100 of this disclosure can receive input current Iin from the fuel cell 200 at an appropriate rate without damaging the fuel cell 200, while also maintaining the output efficiency of the power supply 100.

[0019] In one embodiment, to enable the fuel cell 200 to operate normally, the fuel cell controller 210 may generate an input power command Pcmd and a power change slope command Prate corresponding to the fuel cell 200, to specify the power and power change slope that the fuel cell 200 can provide. In another embodiment, the fuel cell controller 210 may also generate an input current command Icmd and a current change slope command Irate corresponding to the fuel cell 200, to specify the current and current change slope that the fuel cell 200 can provide.

[0020] In one embodiment, the control circuit 120 receives an input power command Pcmd and a power change slope command Prate (and / or an input current command Icmd and a current change slope command Irate) from the fuel cell controller 210. The control circuit 120 controls the power and / or current according to the input power command Pcmd and the power change slope command Prate (and / or according to the input current command Icmd and the current change slope command Irate). In addition to receiving the above commands from the fuel cell controller 210, the control circuit 120 further generates a power conversion control signal Pc to the power conversion circuit 110 based on the measured current value MI detected by the input current detection circuit 140, the measured power value MP detected by the input power detection circuit 150, the measured output voltage value MV detected by the output voltage detection circuit 160, and the measured output current value MO generated by the output current detection circuit 170. This causes the power conversion circuit 110 to adjust the output power Pout or the output current Iout according to the power conversion control signal Pc.

[0021] The power change slope command Prate represents the allowable range of change in the output power of the fuel cell 200 (i.e., the input power Pin of the power supply 100) per unit time. The current change slope command Irate represents the allowable range of change in the output current of the fuel cell 200 (i.e., the input current Iin of the power supply 100) per unit time. Since the control circuit 120 adjusts the output current Iout or output power Pout supplied by the power conversion circuit 110 to the load 300 according to the power change slope command Prate or the current change slope command Irate that the fuel cell 200 can handle, this ensures that the power supply 100 does not draw excessive input power Pin or input current Iin from the fuel cell 200, and also prevents the input power Pin or input current Iin drawn by the power conversion circuit 110 from changing too rapidly, causing the fuel cell 200 to react in time (e.g., the gas flow rate control cannot be changed in a timely manner).

[0022] As shown in the embodiment of Figure 2, the power conversion circuit 110 receives the power input signal (including the input voltage Vin and / or input current Iin shown in Figure 2) from the fuel cell 200, converts the power input signal into an appropriate output voltage and output current, and outputs the power output signal (including the output voltage Vout and / or output current Iout shown in Figure 2) to the load 300.

[0023] The input current detection circuit 140 is coupled to the fuel cell 200 and the power conversion circuit 110, and is used to detect the input current Iin to generate a corresponding measurement current value MI.

[0024] The input power detection circuit 150 is coupled to the input current detection circuit 140 and the power conversion circuit 110 to detect the input voltage Vin and generate a measured power value MP based on the measured current value MI and the detected input voltage Vin. In another embodiment, the input power detection circuit 150 can be configured to detect the input voltage Vin and the input current Iin, and generate a measured power value MP accordingly based on the detected input voltage Vin and input current Iin.

[0025] The output voltage detection circuit 160 is coupled to the power conversion circuit 110 and is used to detect the output voltage Vout to generate the output voltage measurement value MV.

[0026] The output current detection circuit 170 is coupled to the power conversion circuit 110 and is used to detect the output current Iout to generate the output current measurement value MO.

[0027] In the embodiment of Figure 2, the fuel cell controller 210 receives status information SD from the fuel cell 200 and generates at least one of an input power command Pcmd and an input current command Icmd, and at least one of a power change slope command Prate and a current change slope command Irate. In one embodiment, the status information SD includes information such as the flow rate of the reactant gases (e.g., hydrogen and air) within the fuel cell 200, the external humidification ratio, and the temperature.

[0028] Figure 3 is a partial block diagram of one embodiment of the control circuit 120 of Figure 2. For ease of explanation, other functional blocks and / or circuits are not shown in Figures 2 and 3. For example, the control circuit 120 may also include a communication circuit for receiving input power command Pcmd and power change slope command Prate (or input current command Icmd and current change slope command Irate) from the fuel cell controller 210.

[0029] As shown in the embodiments of Figures 2 and 3, the control circuit 120 is coupled to the fuel cell 200 and the power conversion circuit 110, and includes an input signal control circuit 121, an output current control circuit 122, an output voltage control circuit 123, a multiplexer 124, and a signal modulation circuit 125.

[0030] The input signal control circuit 121 includes a reference generation circuit 121a, an input signal difference generation circuit 121b, and an input signal control generation circuit 121c. The reference generation circuit 121a is configured to correspondingly generate a target reference power value Pref and / or a target reference current value Iref according to an input power command Pcmd and a power change slope command Prate, and / or according to an input current command Icmd and a current change slope command Irate. The input signal difference generation circuit 121b generates an input power difference PD and / or an input current difference ID correspondingly according to a measured power value MP and / or a measured current value MI, and according to the target reference power value Pref and / or the target reference current value Iref. The input signal control generation circuit 121c generates an input current control signal CI correspondingly according to the input power difference PD and / or the input current difference ID. In an embodiment, the input power command Pcmd includes a target input power value Ptg to be adjusted, and the input current command Icmd includes a target input current value Itg to be adjusted.

[0031] In an embodiment, the reference generation circuit 121a may adopt a counter, and the input signal difference generation circuit 121b may adopt an adder or a subtractor, etc. In some embodiments, the reference generation circuit 121a, the input signal difference generation circuit 121b, and the input signal control generation circuit 121c may be respectively implemented by circuit elements such as a micro control unit (MCU) or a central processing unit (CPU), may be integrated into the same hardware element or implemented by multiple hardware elements, and may also be implemented in a manner of combining hardware with software firmware.

[0032] In an embodiment, when the reference generation circuit 121a receives the input power command Pcmd, and when the target reference power value Pref is not equal to the target input power value Ptg of the input power command Pcmd, the reference generation circuit 121a gradually increases (when Ptg > Pref) or decreases (when Ptg < Pref) the target reference power value Pref to the target input power value Ptg of the input power command Pcmd according to the power change slope command Prate.

[0033] In another embodiment, when the reference generation circuit 121a receives the input current command Icmd, and when the target reference current value Iref is not equal to the target input current value Itg of the input current command Icmd, the reference generation circuit 121a gradually increases (when Itg > Iref) or decreases (when Itg < Iref) the target reference current value Iref to the target input current value Itg of the input current command Icmd according to the current change slope command Irate.

[0034] For example, if the target input power value Ptg of the input power command Pcmd is 4000W, the initial target reference power value Pref is less than 4000W, and the power change slope command Prate is 20W / s (i.e., increasing by 20W per second), then the reference generation circuit 121a will increase the target reference power value Pref by 20W per second, and the target reference power value Pref will gradually increase until the target reference power value Pref equals 4000W.

[0035] If current is used for control, assuming the target current of the input current command Icmd is 3A, the initial target reference current value Iref is 0.5A, and the current change slope command Irate is 0.1A / s (i.e., increasing by 0.1A per second), then the reference generation circuit 121a will increase the target reference current value Iref by 0.1A per second, and the target reference current value Iref will gradually increase until the target reference current value Iref equals 3A.

[0036] Therefore, through the aforementioned operation of the reference generation circuit 121a, the reference generation circuit 121a gradually changes the target reference power value Pref or the target reference current value Iref according to the power change slope command Prate or the current change slope command Irate, so that the power or current value required by the power conversion circuit 110 for the fuel cell 200 is less than or equal to the power change slope command Prate or the current change slope command Irate. In this embodiment, the reference generation circuit 121a operates using only the combination of the input power command Pcmd and the power change slope command Prate, or only the combination of the input current command Icmd and the current change slope command Irate. In another embodiment, the reference generation circuit 121a may also operate using both combinations simultaneously (i.e., Pcmd with Pref and Icmd with Iref).

[0037] The input signal difference generation circuit 121b is coupled to the reference generation circuit 121a and is used to generate an input power difference PD based on at least one of the measured power value MP and the target reference power value Pref, or to generate an input current difference ID based on the measured current value MI and the target reference current value Iref.

[0038] The input signal control generation circuit 121c is coupled to the input signal difference generation circuit 121b and is used to generate an input current control signal CI based on the input power difference PD or the input current difference ID. For example, the input signal control generation circuit 121c can employ suitable control methods such as proportional control, integral control, derivative control, proportional-integral control, proportional-derivative control, and proportional-integral-derivative control to generate the input current control signal CI based on at least one of the input power difference PD and the input current difference ID.

[0039] As shown in Figure 3, the output current control circuit 122 may include a current integration circuit 122a and an output current controller 122b. The output voltage control circuit 123 may include a voltage integration circuit 123a and an output voltage controller 123b.

[0040] In the output voltage control circuit 123, the voltage integration circuit 123a can be implemented using an adder or subtractor, etc., to compare the reference voltage value Vref and the output voltage measurement value MV to generate a voltage difference value Vdif for the output voltage controller 123b. For example, Vdif = A * (MV - Vref), where A is an appropriate value. The output voltage controller 123b is coupled to the voltage integration circuit 123a and generates an output voltage control signal Voc for the multiplexer 124 based on the voltage difference value Vdif. For example, the output voltage controller 123b can use suitable control methods such as proportional control, integral control, derivative control, proportional-integral control, proportional-derivative control, and proportional-integral-derivative control to generate the output voltage control signal Voc accordingly based on the voltage difference value Vdif.

[0041] In the output current control circuit 122, the current integration circuit 122a is coupled to the input signal control generation circuit 121c and compares the input current control signal CI with the output current measurement value MO to generate a current difference value Idif for the output current controller 122b, for example: Idif = B * (MO - CI), where B is an appropriate value.

[0042] The output current controller 122b is coupled to the current integration circuit 122a and generates an output current control signal Ioc for the multiplexer 124 based on the current difference value Idif. For example, the output current controller 122b can employ suitable control methods such as proportional control, integral control, derivative control, proportional-integral control, proportional-derivative control, and proportional-integral-derivative control to generate the output current control signal Ioc accordingly based on the current difference value Idif.

[0043] Multiplexer 124 is coupled to output voltage control circuit 123 and output current control circuit 122, and generates modulation control signal A1 based on output voltage control signal Voc and output current control signal Ioc. In one embodiment, multiplexer 124 generates modulation control signal A1 based on only one of output voltage control signal Voc and output current control signal Ioc to control the operation mode of signal modulation circuit 125. For example, when the output power provided by power supply 100 is less than the power required by load 300, multiplexer 124 generates modulation control signal A1 based on output current control signal Ioc to gradually increase the current output by power supply 100 at a rate acceptable to fuel cell 200. In another example, when the output power provided by power supply 100 is greater than the power required by load 300, multiplexer 124 generates modulation control signal A1 based on output voltage control signal VoC to adjust the voltage output by power supply 100 accordingly. In other embodiments, the multiplexer 124 may also generate a modulation control signal A1 based on other judgment conditions, namely only one of the output voltage control signal Voc and the output current control signal IoC.

[0044] The signal modulation circuit 125 is coupled to the multiplexer 124 and generates a power conversion control signal Pc for the power conversion circuit 110 based on the modulation control signal A1. In one embodiment, the signal modulation circuit 125 may employ a suitable signal format such as pulse-width modulation (PWM), pulse-frequency modulation (PFM), pulse-skip modulation (PSM), or pulse-phase modulation (PPM).

[0045] Therefore, through the operation of the power supply 100 described above, the input signal control circuit 121 uses at least one of two combinations (the combination of input power command Pcmd and power change slope command Prate, or the combination of input current command Icmd and current change slope command Irate) to adjust the target reference power value Pref to the target input power value Ptg at a rate acceptable to the fuel cell 200 (i.e., the power change slope command Prate or the current change slope command Irate), or to adjust the target reference current value Iref to the target input current value Itg, and generates an input current control signal CI accordingly based on at least one of the difference between the measured power value MP and the target reference power value Pref and the difference between the measured current value MI and the target reference current value Iref. The output current control circuit 122 generates an output current control signal Ioc based on the input current control signal CI, and the multiplexer 124 and the signal modulation circuit 125 generate a power conversion control signal Pc corresponding to at least one of the output voltage control signal Voc and the output current control signal Ioc, and send it to the power conversion circuit 110, so that the power conversion circuit 110 adjusts the input power (i.e., input current Iin and input voltage Vin) and output power (i.e., output current Iout and output voltage Vout) of the power supply 100 at a rate acceptable to the fuel cell 200 according to the power conversion control signal Pc.

[0046] The circuit regions included in the input signal control circuit 121, output current control circuit 122, and output voltage control circuit 123 of the embodiment in Figure 3 are for illustrative purposes only. The input signal control circuit 121, output current control circuit 122, and output voltage control circuit 123 can also be implemented using one or more circuit regions respectively. In another embodiment, the input signal control circuit 121, output current control circuit 122, and output voltage control circuit 123 can also be implemented using one or more hardware components combined with software, and can be implemented by integrating the same hardware component or by using multiple hardware components.

[0047] Figure 4 is a timing diagram showing the change in current magnitude of the power supply 100 as it adjusts the input current Iin from the fuel cell 200. In this disclosure, the power supply 100 controls the change in its input current Iin based on a power change slope command Prate or a current change slope command Irate, rather than being affected by a current limiting device. Since no current limiting device is required, the current from the fuel cell does not need to wait for the current limiting device's response time, thus avoiding additional lag. The input current Iin rises and falls linearly as shown in Figure 4, without exhibiting the stepped rise or fall seen in Figure 1 due to a limited response rate. Furthermore, because there is no need to wait for the current limiting device's response time, the input current can reach the expected target level more quickly. Therefore, as shown by curves S1 (changing at 1 A / s), S2 (3 A / s), and S3 (5 to 20 A / s) in the embodiment of Figure 4, it can be seen that by operating the power supply 100 of this disclosure, the output current or output power (and its rate of change) of the power conversion circuit 110 is correspondingly set by referencing the power change slope command Prate or the current change slope command Irate, the measured current value MI, the measured power value MP, the output voltage measurement value MV, and the output current measurement value MO. Correspondingly, the input current or input power of the power conversion circuit 110 can change at a rate acceptable to the fuel cell 200. Therefore, the output current / power of the power supply 100 can be increased or decreased in real time, not only increasing the system efficiency of the power supply 100 but also reducing the wear and tear on the fuel cell 200 and extending its service life.

[0048] Although this disclosure has been described above with reference to embodiments, it is not intended to limit this disclosure. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the concept and scope of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure shall be determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A power supply for coupling a fuel cell and a load, the power supply comprising: A power conversion circuit includes a power conversion input terminal for coupling to the fuel cell and a power conversion output terminal for coupling to the load. The power conversion circuit outputs a power output signal to the load in response to a power input signal from the fuel cell. A control circuit is coupled to the power conversion circuit and is used to perform: An input current control signal is generated accordingly based on an input power command and a power change slope command, or based on an input current command and a current change slope command, and based on a measured power value or a measured current value. An output current control signal is generated based on the input current control signal and an output current measurement value. An output voltage control signal is generated based on a reference voltage value and an output voltage measurement value; and A power conversion control signal is generated based on at least one of the output current control signal and the output voltage control signal, and is used to control the power conversion circuit to adjust the power of the power input signal of the fuel cell according to the power change slope command, or to control the power conversion circuit to adjust the current of the power input signal of the fuel cell according to the current change slope command.

2. The power supply of claim 1, wherein the control circuit includes an input signal control circuit, the input signal control circuit comprising: A reference generation circuit is used to generate a target reference power value or a target reference current value according to the input power command and the power change slope command, or according to the input current command and the current change slope command. An input signal difference generation circuit is used to generate an input power difference or an input current difference based on the measured power value and the target reference power value, or based on the measured current value and the target reference current value; and An input signal control generation circuit generates an input current control signal based on the input power difference or the input current difference.

3. The power supply as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control circuit further comprises: An output current control circuit is used to compare the input current control signal and the output current measurement value to generate a current difference value, and to generate the output current control signal based on the current difference value. as well as An output voltage control circuit is used to compare the reference voltage value and the output voltage measurement value to generate a voltage difference value, and to generate the output voltage control signal based on the voltage difference value; A multiplexer for generating a modulation control signal based on the output current control signal or the output voltage control signal; as well as A signal modulation circuit is used to generate the power conversion control signal based on the modulation control signal.

4. The power supply as claimed in claim 3, wherein: When the output power provided by the power supply is less than the power required by the load, the multiplexer generates a modulation control signal accordingly based on the output current control signal; and When the output power provided by the power supply is greater than the power required by the load, the multiplexer generates the modulation control signal accordingly based on the output voltage control signal.

5. An operating method for a power supply, the operating method comprising: Receives an electrical input signal from a fuel cell; An input current control signal is generated accordingly based on an input power command and a power change slope command, or based on an input current command and a current change slope command, and based on a measured power value or a measured current value. An output current control signal is generated based on the input current control signal and an output current measurement value. An output voltage control signal is generated based on a reference voltage value and an output voltage measurement value; and A power conversion control signal is generated based on at least one of the output current control signal and the output voltage control signal, and is used to control the power supply to adjust the power of the power input signal of the fuel cell according to the power change slope command, or to control the power supply to adjust the current of the power input signal of the fuel cell according to the current change slope command.

6. The operating method as described in claim 5, further comprising: Based on the output current control signal and the output voltage control signal, a power output signal is output to a load accordingly.

7. The operating method as described in claim 5, further comprising: Based on the input power command and the power change slope command, or based on the input current command and the current change slope command, a target reference power value or a target reference current value is generated accordingly. Based on the measured power value and the target reference power value, or based on the measured current value and the target reference current value, a corresponding input power difference or an input current difference is generated; and The input current control signal is generated based on the input power difference or the input current difference.

8. The operating method as described in claim 5, further comprising: The input current control signal and the output current measurement value are compared to generate a current difference value, and the output current control signal is generated based on the current difference value. as well as The reference voltage value and the output voltage measurement value are compared to generate a voltage difference value, and the output voltage control signal is generated based on the voltage difference value; A modulation control signal is generated based on the output current control signal or the output voltage control signal; and The power conversion control signal is generated based on the modulation control signal.

9. The operating method as described in claim 8, wherein: When the output power provided by the power supply is less than the power required by a load, a modulation control signal is generated accordingly based on the output current control signal; and When the output power provided by the power supply is greater than the power required by the load, the modulation control signal is generated accordingly based on the output voltage control signal.

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