Smart manhole cover terminal network management method, apparatus and system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of Internet of Things (IoT) communications. Disclosed are a smart manhole cover terminal network management method, apparatus and system. A signal strength analyzer is used to acquire first network quality of a 4G network under a manhole cover and second network quality of an NB-IoT network under the manhole cover. If the first network quality is greater than a first preset value and the second network quality is greater than a second preset value, or the first network quality is greater than the first preset value and the second network quality is less than or equal to the second preset value, or the first network quality is less than or equal to the first preset value and the second network quality is greater than the second preset value, a smart manhole cover terminal is mounted under the manhole cover. In the present invention, 4G network quality and NB-IoT network quality under the manhole cover can be acquired before the smart manhole cover terminal is mounted, thereby avoiding the work of mounting and then dismounting by an installer, and thus greatly improving the mounting efficiency of the installer.

Description

A smart manhole cover terminal network management method, device and system

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410772242.6, filed on June 17, 2024, entitled "A Smart Manhole Cover Terminal Network Management Method, Device and System", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to the field of Internet of Things (IoT) communication technology, and in particular to a smart manhole cover terminal network management method, device, and system. Background Technology

[0003] A smart manhole cover terminal is an IoT device installed under urban manhole covers to monitor whether the cover is abnormally opened. It transmits the monitoring data to an IoT platform via 4G or NB-IoT networks, enabling remote monitoring to prevent pedestrians from accidentally falling in. However, due to the diverse materials of manhole covers, the complex and variable underground environment, and the shielding provided by nearby buildings or other objects, the 4G or NB-IoT network environment under the manhole cover is often suboptimal. The smart manhole cover terminal may be unable to communicate with the IoT platform due to poor network quality, resulting in the inability to report monitoring data. Installers cannot directly determine whether the 4G or NB-IoT network under the manhole cover meets the network quality requirements for communication between the terminal and the IoT platform. Often, the lack of network quality is only discovered after installation when the terminal fails to connect to the network, necessitating removal and replacement with other IoT devices, thus impacting installation efficiency. Knowing the quality of the 4G and NB-IoT networks under the manhole cover before installing the smart manhole cover terminal would be of great significance in improving the installation efficiency of installers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a smart manhole cover terminal network management method, comprising: acquiring a first network quality of a 4G network under the manhole cover and a second network quality of an NB-IoT network under the manhole cover, wherein the first and second network qualities are acquired by a signal strength analyzer. If the first network quality is greater than a first preset value and the second network quality is greater than a second preset value, a first instruction is issued, wherein the first instruction is to install a smart manhole cover terminal under the manhole cover, and the smart manhole cover terminal communicates with an IoT platform using a 4G network or an NB-IoT network. If the first network quality is greater than the first preset value and the second network quality is less than or equal to the second preset value, a second instruction is issued, wherein the second instruction is to install a smart manhole cover terminal under the manhole cover, and the smart manhole cover terminal communicates with the IoT platform using a 4G network. If the first network quality is less than or equal to the first preset value and the second network quality is greater than the second preset value, a third instruction is issued, wherein the third instruction is to install a smart manhole cover terminal under the manhole cover, and the smart manhole cover terminal communicates with the IoT platform using an NB-IoT network.

[0005] Secondly, the present invention provides a smart manhole cover terminal network management device, comprising: a signal strength analyzer and a processor. The signal strength analyzer is used to collect the first network quality of the 4G network under the manhole cover, the second network quality of the NB-IoT network under the manhole cover, and the third network quality of the LoRa network under the manhole cover. The processor is communicatively connected to the signal strength analyzer and is used to execute the aforementioned smart manhole cover terminal network management method.

[0006] Thirdly, this invention provides a smart manhole cover terminal network management system, comprising: a signal strength analyzer, a LoRa forwarding base station, and a processor. The signal strength analyzer is used to collect data on the first network quality of the 4G network under the manhole cover, the second network quality of the NB-IoT network under the manhole cover, and the third network quality of the LoRa network under the manhole cover. The LoRa forwarding base station is installed next to the manhole cover. The processor is communicatively connected to the signal strength analyzer and is used to execute the aforementioned smart manhole cover terminal network management method.

[0007] The advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies are as follows: This invention provides a smart manhole cover terminal network management method, device, and system. It utilizes a signal strength analyzer to collect the first network quality of the 4G network and the second network quality of the NB-IoT network under the manhole cover. If the first network quality is greater than a first preset value and the second network quality is greater than a second preset value, a smart manhole cover terminal is installed under the manhole cover, and the smart manhole cover terminal communicates with the IoT platform using either the 4G network or the NB-IoT network. If the first network quality is greater than the first preset value and the second network quality is less than or equal to the second preset value, a smart manhole cover terminal is installed under the manhole cover, and the smart manhole cover terminal communicates with the IoT platform using the 4G network. If the first network quality is less than or equal to the first preset value and the second network quality is greater than the second preset value, a smart manhole cover terminal is installed under the manhole cover, and the smart manhole cover terminal communicates with the IoT platform using the NB-IoT network. This invention obtains the first network quality of the 4G network and the second network quality of the NB-IoT network under the manhole cover using a signal strength analyzer before installing the smart manhole cover terminal. This allows the installer to know the quality of the 4G network and the NB-IoT network under the manhole cover before installation, thus avoiding the work of removing the device after installation and greatly improving the installation efficiency.

[0008] Instruction manual illustrations

[0009] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0010] Figure 1 is a flowchart illustrating a smart manhole cover terminal network management method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of a signal strength analyzer provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the frame of a signal strength analyzer provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the discrimination process of the wireless communication mode discrimination model of the smart manhole cover terminal provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the construction process provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 6 is a circuit diagram of a first smart manhole cover terminal using 4G network communication provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 7 is a circuit diagram of a second smart manhole cover terminal using NB-IoT network communication provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 8 is a circuit diagram of a third smart manhole cover terminal using LoRa network communication provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The purpose of this invention is to provide a smart manhole cover terminal network management method, device and system, which can know the 4G network quality and NB-IoT network quality under the manhole cover before the smart manhole cover terminal is installed, thereby improving the installation efficiency of installers.

[0019] Example 1

[0020] As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment provides a smart manhole cover terminal network management method, which includes:

[0021] S1: Obtain the first network quality of the 4G network under the manhole cover and the second network quality of the NB-IoT network under the manhole cover; the first network quality and the second network quality are acquired by a signal strength analyzer.

[0022] S2: If the quality of the first network is greater than the first preset value and the quality of the second network is greater than the second preset value, then issue a first instruction; the first instruction is to install a smart manhole cover terminal under the manhole cover, and the smart manhole cover terminal uses a 4G network or an NB-IoT network to communicate with the Internet of Things platform.

[0023] S3: If the quality of the first network is greater than the first preset value and the quality of the second network is less than or equal to the second preset value, then issue a second instruction; the second instruction is to install a smart manhole cover terminal under the manhole cover, and the smart manhole cover terminal uses a 4G network to communicate with the Internet of Things platform.

[0024] S4: If the quality of the first network is less than or equal to the first preset value, and the quality of the second network is greater than the second preset value, then a third instruction is issued; the third instruction is to install a smart manhole cover terminal under the manhole cover, and the smart manhole cover terminal communicates with the Internet of Things platform using an NB-IoT network.

[0025] In this embodiment, before installing the smart manhole cover terminal, a signal strength analyzer is first installed at the location under the manhole cover where the smart manhole cover terminal is to be installed. The signal strength analyzer is used to collect the first network quality of the 4G network and the second network quality of the NB-IoT network under the manhole cover. Subsequently, S2-S4 determine whether the network quality of the 4G network and the NB-IoT network under the urban manhole cover meets the network quality requirements when the smart manhole cover terminal communicates with the Internet of Things platform.

[0026] If the quality of the first network is greater than the first preset value and the quality of the second network is greater than the second preset value, it means that both the 4G network and the NB-IoT network under the manhole cover meet the network quality requirements. At this time, the first instruction is issued, which is to install a smart manhole cover terminal under the manhole cover, and the smart manhole cover terminal communicates with the Internet of Things platform using the 4G network or the NB-IoT network.

[0027] If the first network quality is greater than the first preset value and the second network quality is less than or equal to the second preset value, it means that the 4G network under the manhole cover meets the network quality requirements, while the NB-IoT network under the manhole cover does not meet the network quality requirements. At this time, a second instruction is issued, which is to install a smart manhole cover terminal under the manhole cover, and the smart manhole cover terminal uses the 4G network to communicate with the IoT platform.

[0028] If the first network quality is less than or equal to the first preset value, and the second network quality is greater than the second preset value, it means that the NB-IoT network under the manhole cover meets the network quality requirements, while the 4G network under the manhole cover does not meet the network quality requirements. At this time, a third instruction is issued, which is to install a smart manhole cover terminal under the manhole cover, and the smart manhole cover terminal uses the NB-IoT network to communicate with the Internet of Things platform.

[0029] If the first network quality is less than or equal to the first preset value, and the second network quality is less than or equal to the second preset value, it means that neither the 4G network nor the NB-IoT network under the manhole cover meets the network quality requirements. In this case, the smart manhole cover terminal cannot communicate with the IoT platform.

[0030] When the 4G or NB-IoT network environment under the manhole cover is insufficient for communication between the smart manhole cover terminal and the IoT platform, remotely monitoring whether the manhole cover is abnormally opened is a problem to be solved in the field of urban lifeline infrastructure. To address this issue, this embodiment, when the first network quality is less than or equal to a first preset value and the second network quality is less than or equal to a second preset value, acquires the third network quality of the LoRa network under the manhole cover, collected by a signal strength analyzer. If the third network quality is greater than the third preset value, a fourth command is issued, which involves installing a smart manhole cover terminal under the manhole cover, installing a LoRa relay base station next to the manhole cover, and having the smart manhole cover terminal communicate with the LoRa relay base station using the LoRa network. The LoRa relay base station then communicates with the IoT platform using a 4G or NB-IoT network. If the third network quality is less than or equal to the third preset value, a fifth command is issued, which involves installing the smart manhole cover terminal under the manhole cover and extending the antenna of the smart manhole cover terminal outside the manhole cover, with the smart manhole cover terminal communicating with the IoT platform using a 4G or NB-IoT network.

[0031] By introducing a LoRa relay base station and antenna extension, when neither the 4G nor NB-IoT networks under the manhole cover meet network quality requirements, it can be further determined whether the LoRa network under the manhole cover meets the network quality requirements. If it does, communication can be relayed through the LoRa relay base station. If it does not meet the requirements, the antenna of the smart manhole cover terminal can be extended, enabling the smart manhole cover terminal to operate in the network environment on the manhole cover, thus allowing the smart manhole cover terminal to communicate with the IoT platform under any circumstances.

[0032] To further improve the accuracy of network quality assessment, this embodiment introduces a verification code. A verification code is sent to the signal strength analyzer, which transmits the verification code to the IoT platform via the 4G network, NB-IoT network, LoRa network, and LoRa forwarding base station. The network quality is further assessed based on whether the IoT platform can receive the verification code.

[0033] At this time, if the quality of the first network is less than or equal to the first preset value, and the quality of the second network is less than or equal to the second preset value, then it is determined whether the IoT platform can receive the first verification code and the second verification code. The first verification code is transmitted to the IoT platform by the signal strength analyzer through the 4G network, and the second verification code is transmitted to the IoT platform by the signal strength analyzer through the NB-IoT network.

[0034] If the first verification code can be received, and the second verification code can be received, then the first instruction is issued.

[0035] If the first verification code can be received, but the second verification code cannot be received, then a second instruction is issued.

[0036] If the first verification code cannot be received, but the second verification code can be received, then a third instruction is issued.

[0037] If neither the first nor the second verification code is received, the system acquires the third network quality data of the LoRa network under the manhole cover, collected by the signal strength analyzer. If the third network quality is greater than a third preset value, a fourth command is issued. If the third network quality is less than or equal to the third preset value, the system determines whether the IoT platform can receive the third verification code. This third verification code is sent by the signal strength analyzer to the LoRa relay base station via the LoRa network, and then transmitted to the IoT platform via the 4G or NB-IoT network from the LoRa relay base station. If the third verification code is received, a fourth command is issued. If the third verification code is not received, a fifth command is issued.

[0038] The first preset value, the second preset value, and the third preset value can be the same or different.

[0039] This embodiment can determine the 4G and NB-IoT network quality under the manhole cover before installing the smart manhole cover terminal, thus avoiding the need for installation and subsequent removal, and greatly improving installation efficiency. Simultaneously, by introducing a LoRa forwarding base station and antenna, the smart manhole cover terminal can communicate with the IoT platform under any circumstances.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] This embodiment provides a smart manhole cover terminal network management device, which includes a signal strength analyzer and a processor.

[0042] The signal strength analyzer is used to collect the first network quality of the 4G network under the manhole cover, the second network quality of the NB-IoT network under the manhole cover, and the third network quality of the LoRa network under the manhole cover.

[0043] The processor is communicatively connected to the signal strength analyzer and is used to execute the smart manhole cover terminal network management method described in Example 1.

[0044] This embodiment provides a signal strength analyzer, as shown in Figures 2 and 3. This signal strength analyzer can detect the network quality of 4G, NB-IoT, and LoRa networks under urban manhole covers. This embodiment also provides a smart manhole cover terminal wireless communication mode discrimination model for processing the network quality detection results given by the signal strength analyzer. Based on the network quality information collected by the signal strength analyzer, this model compares the network quality values ​​of different communication networks to determine whether the corresponding communication network meets the network quality requirements of the smart manhole cover terminal, and provides corresponding suggestions and decisions. This model is located in the processor and can determine whether the 4G, NB-IoT, and LoRa networks under the manhole cover meet the network quality requirements for communication between the smart manhole cover terminal and the IoT platform based on the network quality detection results given by the signal strength analyzer, selecting one of the three networks as the communication network for the smart manhole cover terminal.

[0045] In this embodiment, the signal strength analyzer includes: a first main control chip, a first 4G wireless communication module, a first NB-IoT wireless communication module, and a first LoRa wireless communication module. The first main control chip is communicatively connected to the first 4G wireless communication module, the first NB-IoT wireless communication module, and the first LoRa wireless communication module. The first 4G wireless communication module is used to collect the first network quality of the 4G network under the manhole cover, the first NB-IoT wireless communication module is used to collect the second network quality of the NB-IoT network under the manhole cover, and the first LoRa wireless communication module is used to collect the third network quality of the LoRa network under the manhole cover.

[0046] The first main control chip can be an ESP32S3 main control chip, the first 4G wireless communication module can be an Air780EX 4G wireless communication module, the first NB-IoT wireless communication module can be an M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module, and the first LoRa wireless communication module can be an SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module. Therefore, this embodiment provides a signal strength analyzer using an ESP32S3 main control chip, comprising: an ESP32S3 main control chip, an Air780EX 4G wireless communication module, an M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module, an SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module, a buzzer, and a power supply circuit. The ESP32S3 main control chip is connected to the Air780EX 4G wireless communication module via serial port 1, the M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module via serial port 2, the SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module via SPI serial port, and the buzzer via GPIO pins. The output line of the power supply circuit is connected to the power pins of the ESP32S3 main control chip, the Air780EX 4G wireless communication module, the M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module, the SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module, and the buzzer after passing through the power filter capacitor.

[0047] The functions of each component of the signal strength analyzer are as follows:

[0048] The ESP32S3 main control chip is used to receive network quality information sent back by the Air780EX 4G wireless communication module, M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module, and SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module. The network quality information is then sent to the processor via the Bluetooth built into the ESP32S3 main control chip. The processor can be a mobile phone, computer, or other terminal.

[0049] The Air780EX 4G wireless communication module is used to attempt to connect to a 4G network and sends 4G network quality information (i.e., first network quality) to the ESP32S3 main control chip once per second.

[0050] The M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module is used to attempt to connect to the NB-IoT network and sends NB-IoT network quality information (i.e., second network quality) to the ESP32S3 main control chip once per second.

[0051] The SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module is used to attempt to connect to the LoRa forwarding base station and obtain LoRa network quality information, and sends the LoRa network quality information (i.e., third-party network quality) to the ESP32S3 main control chip once per second.

[0052] The buzzer is used to indicate that the signal strength analyzer is being shut down.

[0053] The power supply circuit is used to control the signal strength analyzer to turn on or off, and to supply power to the ESP32S3 main control chip, Air780EX 4G wireless communication module, M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module, SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module and buzzer.

[0054] The working process of a signal strength analyzer is as follows:

[0055] Step 1: Install the signal strength analyzer at the designated installation location of the smart manhole cover terminal. After installation, press and hold the power button on the signal strength analyzer to turn it on.

[0056] Step 2: After the ESP32S3 main control chip is powered on, it controls the Air780EX 4G wireless communication module, M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module, and SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module to power on via GPIO pins. The ESP32S3 main control chip then enters a state where it waits to receive network signal strength information (i.e., network quality information).

[0057] Step 3: After powering on, the Air780EX 4G wireless communication module automatically connects to the 4G network and obtains the 4G network quality information, sending it to the ESP32S3 main control chip at a frequency of 1Hz. After powering on, the M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module's ESP32S3 main control chip sends AT commands to the module at a frequency of 1Hz, controlling it to obtain the NB-IoT network quality information. The M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module then sends the NB-IoT network quality information to the ESP32S3 main control chip at a frequency of 1Hz. After powering on, the SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module automatically connects to the LoRa network and obtains the LoRa network quality information, sending it to the ESP32S3 main control chip at a frequency of 1Hz. The network quality range can be {[0-31], 99}, where 0 represents the worst network quality, 31 represents the best network quality, and 99 represents the inability to connect to the network.

[0058] Step 4: The ESP32S3 main control chip attempts to connect to the mobile phone (i.e., the processor) via Bluetooth. Upon successful connection, it sends all acquired network quality information to the mobile phone and also to a WeChat mini-program. If the connection to the mobile phone is not successfully established within 5 minutes, the signal strength analyzer's buzzer will sound continuously for several seconds before shutting down.

[0059] Step 5: After the network quality information is sent to the WeChat mini-program, you can view the network quality of the 4G network, NB-IoT network, and LoRa network collected by the signal strength analyzer in the WeChat mini-program.

[0060] Step 6: If the network quality is too low, you can use a WeChat mini program to randomly generate a 6-digit verification code and send it to the ESP32S3 main control chip via Bluetooth.

[0061] Step 7: After receiving the verification code, the ESP32S3 main control chip controls the Air780EX 4G wireless communication module to send the verification code to the IoT platform via the 4G network, controls the M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module to send the verification code to the IoT platform via the NB-IoT network, and controls the SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module to send the verification code to the LoRa forwarding base station. The LoRa forwarding base station then sends the verification code to the IoT platform via the 4G network or the NB-IoT network.

[0062] Step 8: Based on the network quality displayed in the WeChat mini program and whether the IoT platform can receive the verification code sent by the signal strength analyzer via 4G, NB-IoT, and LoRa networks, determine which communication method the smart manhole cover terminal IoT device uses.

[0063] In this embodiment, the discrimination process of the smart manhole cover terminal wireless communication mode discrimination model is shown in Figure 4, including:

[0064] If the WeChat mini program displays network quality values ​​greater than 10 for both the 4G and NB-IoT networks, then result 1 is obtained. Result 1 indicates that when a smart manhole cover terminal is installed at this location (i.e., the location of the signal strength analyzer), there is no need to place a LoRa forwarding base station nearby. The smart manhole cover terminal can use 4G and NB-IoT networks as wireless communication methods.

[0065] If the WeChat mini program displays a network quality score greater than 10 for the 4G network and less than 10 for the NB-IoT network, then result 2 is obtained. Result 2 indicates that when a smart manhole cover terminal is installed at this location, there is no need to place a LoRa forwarding base station nearby. The smart manhole cover terminal can use the 4G network as a wireless communication method, but cannot use the NB-IoT network as a wireless communication method.

[0066] If the WeChat mini program displays a network quality score of 10 for the NB-IoT network and no more than 10 for the 4G network, then result 3 is obtained. Result 3 indicates that when a smart manhole cover terminal is installed at this location, there is no need to place a LoRa forwarding base station nearby. The smart manhole cover terminal can use the NB-IoT network as a wireless communication method, but cannot use the 4G network as a wireless communication method.

[0067] If the WeChat mini program displays network quality values ​​of no more than 10 for both the 4G and NB-IoT networks, but the IoT platform can receive the verification code sent by the signal strength analyzer through the 4G and NB-IoT networks, then result 4 is obtained. Result 4 indicates that installing a smart manhole cover terminal at this location does not require placing a LoRa forwarding base station nearby, and the smart manhole cover terminal can use the 4G and NB-IoT networks as wireless communication methods.

[0068] If the WeChat mini program displays network quality values ​​of no more than 10 for both the 4G and NB-IoT networks, but the IoT platform can receive the verification code sent by the signal strength analyzer via the 4G network, but cannot receive the verification code sent by the signal strength analyzer via the NB-IoT network, then result 5 is obtained. Result 5 indicates that installing a smart manhole cover terminal at this location does not require placing a LoRa forwarding base station nearby. The smart manhole cover terminal can use the 4G network as a wireless communication method, but cannot use the NB-IoT network as a wireless communication method.

[0069] If the WeChat mini program displays network quality values ​​of no more than 10 for both the 4G and NB-IoT networks, but the IoT platform can receive the verification code sent by the signal strength analyzer via the NB-IoT network, but cannot receive the verification code sent by the signal strength analyzer via the 4G network, then result 6 is obtained. Result 6 indicates that installing a smart manhole cover terminal at this location does not require placing a LoRa forwarding base station nearby. The smart manhole cover terminal can use the NB-IoT network as a wireless communication method, but cannot use the 4G network as a wireless communication method.

[0070] If the WeChat mini program displays network quality values ​​of 4G and NB-IoT networks both not exceeding 10, and the IoT platform cannot receive verification codes sent by the signal strength analyzer via 4G and NB-IoT networks, but the LoRa network quality value is greater than 10, then result 7 is obtained. Result 7 indicates that for a smart manhole cover terminal installed at this location, a LoRa relay base station needs to be placed nearby. The smart manhole cover terminal can use the LoRa network as a wireless communication method, but cannot use the 4G or NB-IoT network as a wireless communication method.

[0071] If the WeChat mini program displays network quality values ​​of 4G, NB-IoT, and LoRa networks all not exceeding 10, and the IoT platform cannot receive verification codes sent by the signal strength analyzer via the 4G and NB-IoT networks, but can receive verification codes sent by the signal strength analyzer via the LoRa network and LoRa relay base station, then result 8 is obtained. Result 8 indicates that for a smart manhole cover terminal installed at this location, a LoRa relay base station needs to be placed nearby. The smart manhole cover terminal can use the LoRa network as a wireless communication method, but cannot use the 4G or NB-IoT networks.

[0072] If the WeChat mini program displays network quality values ​​of 4G, NB-IoT, and LoRa networks all not exceeding 10, and the IoT platform cannot receive verification codes sent by the signal strength analyzer through the 4G, NB-IoT, LoRa, and LoRa forwarding base stations, then result 9 is obtained. Result 9 indicates that the smart manhole cover terminal should not use 4G, NB-IoT, or LoRa networks as wireless communication methods when installed at this location. The construction process proposed in this embodiment should be used to install the smart manhole cover terminal.

[0073] The construction process proposed in this embodiment includes:

[0074] Step 1: On the side of the manhole cover near the pre-installation location of the smart manhole cover terminal and close to the antenna of the smart manhole cover terminal, drill a hole using a drill, as shown in Figure 5. In Figure 5, 1 is the manhole cover, 2 is the drill hole, and 3 is the drill. It is a schematic diagram of drilling a hole 2 on the manhole cover 1 using drill 3.

[0075] Step 2: After the smart manhole cover terminal is installed, extend the antenna of the smart manhole cover terminal out of the borehole 2 and make it parallel to the surface of the manhole cover, or make it extend beyond the manhole cover and be above the manhole cover.

[0076] Step 3: Use epoxy resin to pot the drill hole 2, and wrap and fix the antenna.

[0077] Step 4: Grind the epoxy resin surface to make it smooth and flat, with no obvious protrusions on the manhole cover surface.

[0078] This embodiment provides a construction process for installing a smart manhole cover terminal when the smart manhole cover terminal wireless communication mode discrimination model indicates that 4G network, NB-IoT network and LoRa network cannot be used as the communication network for the smart manhole cover terminal. This construction process enables the smart manhole cover terminal to communicate with the Internet of Things platform.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] This embodiment provides a smart manhole cover terminal network management system, which includes: a signal strength analyzer, a LoRa forwarding base station, and a processor.

[0081] The signal strength analyzer is used to collect the first network quality of the 4G network under the manhole cover, the second network quality of the NB-IoT network under the manhole cover, and the third network quality of the LoRa network under the manhole cover.

[0082] LoRa relay base stations are used to install next to manhole covers.

[0083] The processor is communicatively connected to the signal strength analyzer and is used to execute the smart manhole cover terminal network management method described in Example 1.

[0084] This embodiment provides a LoRa forwarding base station, which has the function of receiving information sent by a smart manhole cover terminal through the LoRa network and forwarding it to the Internet of Things platform via a 4G network or NB-IoT network.

[0085] In this embodiment, the LoRa forwarding base station includes: a second main control chip, a second 4G wireless communication module, a second NB-IoT wireless communication module, and a second LoRa wireless communication module. The second main control chip is communicatively connected to the second 4G wireless communication module, the second NB-IoT wireless communication module, and the second LoRa wireless communication module. The second 4G wireless communication module is used to transmit the information collected by the smart manhole cover terminal to the Internet of Things platform via the 4G network. The second NB-IoT wireless communication module is used to transmit the information collected by the smart manhole cover terminal to the Internet of Things platform via the NB-IoT network. The second LoRa wireless communication module is used to receive the information collected by the smart manhole cover terminal.

[0086] The second main control chip can be an STM32F103ZET6 main control chip, the second 4G wireless communication module can be an Air780EX 4G wireless communication module, the second NB-IoT wireless communication module can be an M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module, and the second LoRa wireless communication module can be an SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module. Therefore, this embodiment can provide a LoRa forwarding base station using an STM32F103ZET6 main control chip, including: an STM32F103ZET6 main control chip, an Air780EX 4G wireless communication module, an M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module, an SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module, a power supply circuit, and a solar panel. The STM32F103ZET6 main control chip is connected to the Air780EX 4G wireless communication module via serial port 1, the M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module via serial port 2, and the SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module via SPI serial port. The input line of the power supply circuit is connected to the output line of the solar panel, and the output line of the power supply circuit is connected to the power pins of the STM32F103ZET6 main control chip, the Air780EX 4G wireless communication module, the M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module, and the SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module after passing through the power filter capacitor.

[0087] The functions of each component of the LoRa forwarding base station are as follows:

[0088] The STM32F103ZET6 main control chip is used to process the information received by the SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module through the LoRa network, and send the processed information to the Air780EX 4G wireless communication module through serial port 1, and to the M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module through serial port 2.

[0089] The Air780EX 4G wireless communication module is used to receive information sent by the STM32F103ZET6 main control chip through serial port 1, and then send it to the Internet of Things platform via the 4G network.

[0090] The M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module is used to receive information sent by the STM32F103ZET6 main control chip through serial port 2, and then send it to the Internet of Things platform through the NB-IoT network.

[0091] The SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module is used to receive information sent by the smart manhole cover terminal through the LoRa network, and then send it to the STM32F103ZET6 main control chip via the SPI serial port.

[0092] The power supply circuit controls the LoRa relay base station to turn on or off and the charging and discharging of the battery. That is, the charging and discharging of the battery is controlled by the power supply circuit, without the need for an additional manual switch. Both the power supply circuit and the battery can power the STM32F103ZET6 main control chip, the Air780EX 4G wireless communication module, the M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module, and the SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module.

[0093] Solar panels are used to convert light energy into electrical energy to power power circuits and batteries.

[0094] The working process of a LoRa forwarding base station is as follows:

[0095] Step 1: Place the LoRa relay base station on top of the manhole cover in a well-lit area near the manhole cover. After placement, press and hold the power button on the LoRa relay base station to turn it on.

[0096] Step 2: After the STM32F103ZET6 main control chip is powered on, it controls the Air780EX 4G wireless communication module, M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module, and SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module to power on via GPIO pins. The STM32F103ZET6 main control chip then enters a state where it waits to receive information from the SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module.

[0097] Step 3: After powering on, the Air780EX 4G wireless communication module automatically connects to the 4G network and waits for the STM32F103ZET6 main control chip to send information to be uploaded to the IoT platform. After powering on, the M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module automatically connects to the NB-IoT network and waits for the STM32F103ZET6 main control chip to send information to be uploaded to the IoT platform. After powering on, the SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module waits to receive information sent by the smart manhole cover terminal via the LoRa network.

[0098] Step 4: After receiving the information sent by the smart manhole cover terminal through the LoRa network, the SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module sends the information to the STM32F103ZET6 main control chip.

[0099] Step 5: The STM32F103ZET6 main control chip sends information to the Air780EX 4G wireless communication module and the M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module via serial port.

[0100] Step 6: After receiving the information sent by the STM32F103ZET6 main control chip, the Air780EX 4G wireless communication module and the M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module process the information into the format required by the IoT platform, and then send it to the IoT platform through the 4G network and NB-IoT network.

[0101] Step 7: After the transmission is completed, the LoRa forwarding base station waits for the next message to arrive, and repeats steps 4 to 6 after the message arrives.

[0102] This embodiment designs three smart manhole cover terminals: a first smart manhole cover terminal using 4G network communication, a second smart manhole cover terminal using NB-IoT network communication, and a third smart manhole cover terminal using LoRa network communication. All three smart manhole cover terminals can periodically collect the opening angle of the manhole cover and upload it to the Internet of Things (IoT) platform. They can also report to the IoT platform in real time when the manhole cover suddenly opens.

[0103] In this embodiment, the smart manhole cover terminal network management system further includes: a first smart manhole cover terminal using 4G network communication, a second smart manhole cover terminal using NB-IoT network communication, and a third smart manhole cover terminal using LoRa network communication.

[0104] In this embodiment, the first smart manhole cover terminal includes: a third main control chip, a third 4G wireless communication module, and a first tilt sensor. The third main control chip is communicatively connected to the third 4G wireless communication module and the first tilt sensor. The first tilt sensor is used to collect the opening angle of the manhole cover, and the third 4G wireless communication module is used to transmit the information collected by the first tilt sensor to the Internet of Things platform through the 4G network.

[0105] As shown in Figure 6, the third main control chip can be an STM32L431 main control chip, and the third 4G wireless communication module can be an Air780EX 4G wireless communication module. Therefore, the first smart manhole cover terminal includes: an STM32L431 main control chip, an Air780EX 4G wireless communication module, a tilt sensor, and a power supply circuit. The STM32L431 main control chip is connected to the Air780EX 4G wireless communication module via serial port 1, and to the tilt sensor via serial port 2 and a GPIO pin. The output line of the power supply circuit, after passing through a power filter capacitor, is connected to the power supply pins of the STM32L431 main control chip, the Air780EX 4G wireless communication module, and the tilt sensor.

[0106] The functions of each component in the First Smart Manhole Cover Terminal are as follows:

[0107] The STM32L431 main control chip is responsible for controlling the operation of the first smart manhole cover terminal, collecting data from the tilt sensor periodically or in a burst, and sending the processed data to the Air780EX 4G wireless communication module.

[0108] The Air780EX 4G wireless communication module is responsible for converting the data sent from the STM32L431 main control chip into the format required by the IoT platform, and then uploading the data to the IoT platform.

[0109] The tilt sensor is responsible for collecting the opening angle of the manhole cover. When the opening angle of the manhole cover is too large, it informs the STM32L431 main control chip through the GPIO pin that the opening angle of the manhole cover is too large.

[0110] The workflow of the First Smart Manhole Cover Terminal is as follows:

[0111] Step 1: Install the first smart manhole cover terminal under the city manhole cover and press and hold the power button to turn it on.

[0112] Step 2: After powering on, the STM32L431 main control chip powers on, while the Air780EX 4G wireless communication module does not. The STM32L431 main control chip configures the tilt sensor to a low-frequency sampling mode, allowing the tilt sensor to acquire the opening angle of the manhole cover at a lower sampling frequency. Then, the STM32L431 main control chip enters a low-power mode.

[0113] Step 3: One hour later, the STM32L431 main control chip is woken up by the RTC and configured the tilt sensor to high-frequency sampling mode. This allows the tilt sensor to collect the opening angle of the manhole cover at a high sampling frequency. This opening angle is stored in the Flash memory of the STM32L431 main control chip as a reference correction angle. The reference correction angle is the angle between the manhole cover and the horizontal plane. The opening angle obtained by the smart manhole cover terminal is the angle between the smart manhole cover terminal and the ground. Since the manhole cover and the ground it is on may not be perfectly horizontal, the reference correction angle is used to offset the angle between the manhole cover and the horizontal plane to correctly calculate the opening angle. During this one hour, the first smart manhole cover terminal will not be woken up by the opening of the manhole cover.

[0114] Step 4: The STM32L431 main control chip controls the Air780EX 4G wireless communication module to start. After starting, the Air780EX 4G wireless communication module connects to the 4G network and obtains the manhole cover opening angle threshold and the smart manhole cover terminal device heartbeat cycle set by the IoT platform. After obtaining the information, the Air780EX 4G wireless communication module sends it to the STM32L431 main control chip via serial port 1.

[0115] Step 5: After receiving the manhole cover opening angle threshold and the smart manhole cover terminal device's heartbeat cycle, the STM32L431 main control chip stores them in Flash. In the future, the first smart manhole cover terminal will operate according to this threshold and heartbeat cycle. Specifically, when the tilt sensor detects that the manhole cover opening angle (the difference between the angle collected by the tilt sensor and the reference correction angle) is greater than the threshold, the first smart manhole cover terminal will be activated, collect the opening angle data, and report it to the IoT platform. Simultaneously, the first smart manhole cover terminal will use the smart manhole cover terminal device's heartbeat cycle as its wake-up cycle to periodically monitor the opening angle (e.g., if the heartbeat cycle is 12 hours, the first smart manhole cover terminal will wake up every 12 hours to collect the opening angle data). At this point, the first smart manhole cover terminal completes its initialization process and enters normal operation.

[0116] Step 6: After the first smart manhole cover terminal enters the normal working process, the STM32L431 main control chip configures the tilt sensor to a low-frequency sampling mode, so that the tilt sensor collects the opening angle of the manhole cover at a lower sampling frequency. Then, the STM32L431 main control chip enters a low-power mode.

[0117] Step 7: When the tilt sensor detects that the opening angle of the manhole cover is greater than the opening angle threshold or the heartbeat cycle of the smart manhole cover terminal device is reached, the STM32L431 main control chip exits the low power mode, collects the opening angle of the manhole cover at this time, and sends it to the Air780EX 4G wireless communication module.

[0118] Step 8: The Air780EX 4G wireless communication module transmits the opening angle of the manhole cover to the IoT platform via the 4G network.

[0119] In this embodiment, the second smart manhole cover terminal includes: a fourth main control chip, a third NB-IoT wireless communication module, and a second tilt sensor. The fourth main control chip is communicatively connected to the third NB-IoT wireless communication module and the second tilt sensor. The second tilt sensor is used to collect the opening angle of the manhole cover, and the third NB-IoT wireless communication module is used to transmit the information collected by the second tilt sensor to the Internet of Things platform through the NB-IoT network.

[0120] As shown in Figure 7, the fourth main control chip can be an STM32L431 main control chip, and the third NB-IoT wireless communication module can be an M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module. Therefore, the second smart manhole cover terminal includes: an STM32L431 main control chip, an M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module, a tilt sensor, and a power supply circuit. The STM32L431 main control chip is connected to the M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module via serial port 1, and to the tilt sensor via serial port 2 and a GPIO pin. The output line of the power supply circuit, after passing through a power filter capacitor, is connected to the power supply pins of the STM32L431 main control chip, the M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module, and the tilt sensor.

[0121] The functions of each component in the second smart manhole cover terminal are as follows:

[0122] The STM32L431 main control chip is responsible for controlling the operation of the second smart manhole cover terminal, collecting data from the tilt sensor periodically or in a burst, and sending the processed data to the M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module.

[0123] The M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module is responsible for converting the data sent from the STM32L431 main control chip into the format required by the IoT platform, and then uploading the data to the IoT platform.

[0124] The tilt sensor is responsible for collecting the opening angle of the manhole cover. When the opening angle of the manhole cover is too large, it informs the STM32L431 main control chip through the GPIO pin that the opening angle of the manhole cover is too large.

[0125] The workflow of the second smart manhole cover terminal is as follows:

[0126] Step 1: Install the second smart manhole cover terminal under the city manhole cover and press and hold the power button to turn it on.

[0127] Step 2: After powering on, the STM32L431 main control chip powers on, but the M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module does not. The STM32L431 main control chip is configured with the tilt sensor in low-frequency sampling mode, allowing the tilt sensor to collect the opening angle of the manhole cover at a lower sampling frequency. Then, the STM32L431 main control chip enters low-power mode.

[0128] Step 3: One hour later, the STM32L431 main control chip is woken up by the RTC and configured the tilt sensor to high-frequency sampling mode. This allows the tilt sensor to collect the opening angle of the manhole cover at a high sampling frequency. This opening angle is stored in the Flash memory of the STM32L431 main control chip as a reference correction angle. During this one hour, the second smart manhole cover terminal will not be woken up by the opening of the manhole cover.

[0129] Step 4: The STM32L431 main control chip controls the M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module to start. After starting, the M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module connects to the NB-IoT network and obtains the manhole cover opening angle threshold and the smart manhole cover terminal device heartbeat cycle set by the IoT platform. After obtaining the information, the M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module sends it to the STM32L431 main control chip via serial port 1.

[0130] Step 5: After receiving the manhole cover opening angle threshold and the smart manhole cover terminal device's heartbeat cycle, the STM32L431 main control chip stores them in Flash. In the future, the second smart manhole cover terminal will operate according to this opening angle threshold and the smart manhole cover terminal device's heartbeat cycle. That is, when the tilt sensor detects that the manhole cover opening angle is greater than the threshold, the second smart manhole cover terminal will be woken up, collect the opening angle data, and then report it to the IoT platform. Simultaneously, the second smart manhole cover terminal will use the smart manhole cover terminal device's heartbeat cycle as its wake-up cycle to periodically monitor the manhole cover opening angle (e.g., if the smart manhole cover terminal device's heartbeat cycle is 12 hours, the second smart manhole cover terminal will wake up every 12 hours to collect the opening angle data). At this point, the second smart manhole cover terminal completes its initialization process and enters its normal operating process.

[0131] Step 6: After the second smart manhole cover terminal enters the normal working process, the STM32L431 main control chip configures the tilt sensor to a low-frequency sampling mode, so that the tilt sensor collects the opening angle of the manhole cover at a lower sampling frequency. Then, the STM32L431 main control chip enters a low-power mode.

[0132] Step 7: When the tilt sensor detects that the opening angle of the manhole cover is greater than the opening angle threshold or the heartbeat cycle of the smart manhole cover terminal device is reached, the STM32L431 main control chip exits the low power mode, collects the opening angle of the manhole cover at this time, and sends it to the M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module.

[0133] Step 8: The M5311 NB-IoT wireless communication module sends the opening angle of the manhole cover to the IoT platform via the NB-IoT network.

[0134] In this embodiment, the third smart manhole cover terminal includes: a fifth main control chip, a third LoRa wireless communication module, and a third tilt sensor. The fifth main control chip is communicatively connected to the third LoRa wireless communication module and the third tilt sensor. The third tilt sensor is used to collect the opening angle of the manhole cover, and the third LoRa wireless communication module is used to transmit the information collected by the third tilt sensor to the LoRa forwarding base station through the LoRa network.

[0135] As shown in Figure 8, the fifth main control chip can be an STM32L431 main control chip, and the third LoRa wireless communication module can be an SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module. Therefore, the third smart manhole cover terminal includes: an STM32L431 main control chip, an SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module, a tilt sensor, and a power supply circuit. The STM32L431 main control chip connects to the SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module via an SPI serial port. The STM32L431 main control chip also connects to the tilt sensor via serial port 1 and a GPIO pin. The output line of the power supply circuit, after passing through a power filter capacitor, connects to the power supply pins of the STM32L431 main control chip, the SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module, and the tilt sensor.

[0136] The functions of each component in the third smart manhole cover terminal are as follows:

[0137] The STM32L431 main control chip is responsible for controlling the operation of the third smart manhole cover terminal, collecting data from the tilt sensor periodically or in a burst, and sending the processed data to the SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module.

[0138] The SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module is responsible for converting the data sent from the STM32L431 main control chip into the format required by the IoT platform, and then uploading the data to the LoRa relay base station.

[0139] The tilt sensor is responsible for collecting the opening angle of the manhole cover. When the opening angle of the manhole cover is too large, it informs the STM32L431 main control chip through the GPIO pin that the opening angle of the manhole cover is too large.

[0140] The workflow of the third smart manhole cover terminal is as follows:

[0141] Step 1: Install the third smart manhole cover terminal under the city manhole cover and press and hold the power button to turn it on.

[0142] Step 2: After powering on, the STM32L431 main control chip powers on, while the SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module does not. The STM32L431 main control chip configures the tilt sensor to a low-frequency sampling mode, allowing the tilt sensor to acquire the opening angle of the manhole cover at a lower sampling frequency. Then, the STM32L431 main control chip enters a low-power mode.

[0143] Step 3: One hour later, the STM32L431 main control chip is woken up by the RTC and configured the tilt sensor to high-frequency sampling mode. This allows the tilt sensor to collect the opening angle of the manhole cover at a high sampling frequency. This opening angle is stored in the Flash memory of the STM32L431 main control chip as a reference correction angle. During this one hour, the third smart manhole cover terminal will not be woken up by the opening of the manhole cover.

[0144] Step 4: The STM32L431 main control chip controls the SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module to start. After starting, the SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module connects to the LoRa network and obtains the manhole cover opening angle threshold and the smart manhole cover terminal device heartbeat cycle set by the IoT platform. After obtaining the information, the SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module sends it to the STM32L431 main control chip via the SPI serial port.

[0145] Step 5: After receiving the manhole cover opening angle threshold and the smart manhole cover terminal device's heartbeat cycle, the STM32L431 main control chip stores them in Flash. In the future, the third smart manhole cover terminal will operate according to this opening angle threshold and the smart manhole cover terminal device's heartbeat cycle. That is, when the tilt sensor detects that the manhole cover opening angle is greater than the threshold, the third smart manhole cover terminal will be woken up, collect the opening angle data, and then report it to the IoT platform. Simultaneously, the third smart manhole cover terminal will use the smart manhole cover terminal device's heartbeat cycle as its wake-up cycle to periodically monitor the manhole cover opening angle (e.g., if the smart manhole cover terminal device's heartbeat cycle is 12 hours, then the third smart manhole cover terminal will wake up every 12 hours to collect the opening angle data). At this point, the third smart manhole cover terminal completes its initialization process and enters its normal operating process.

[0146] Step 6: After the third smart manhole cover terminal enters the normal working process, the STM32L431 main control chip configures the tilt sensor to a low-frequency sampling mode, so that the tilt sensor collects the opening angle of the manhole cover at a lower sampling frequency. Then, the STM32L431 main control chip enters a low-power mode.

[0147] Step 7: When the tilt sensor detects that the opening angle of the manhole cover is greater than the threshold for the opening angle of the manhole cover or when the heartbeat cycle of the smart manhole cover terminal device is reached, the STM32L431 main control chip exits the low power mode, collects the opening angle of the manhole cover at this time, and sends it to the SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module.

[0148] Step 8: The SX1278 LoRa wireless communication module sends the opening angle of the manhole cover to the LoRa relay base station via the LoRa network.

[0149] Step 9: The LoRa relay base station sends the opening angle of the manhole cover to the IoT platform.

[0150] By applying the signal strength analyzer, LoRa forwarding base station, and smart manhole cover terminal wireless communication mode discrimination model provided in this embodiment, the installation efficiency of installers is greatly improved, and the number of times smart manhole cover terminals need to be repeatedly installed and removed is effectively reduced. At the same time, a solution for installing smart manhole cover terminals is provided for areas not covered by 4G and NB-IoT networks, enabling the installation of smart manhole cover terminals and monitoring of whether manhole covers are open in areas not covered by 4G and NB-IoT networks.

[0151] The above embodiments are provided merely for the purpose of describing the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various equivalent substitutions and modifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention should be covered within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A smart manhole cover terminal network management method, characterized in that, The smart manhole cover terminal network management method includes: The first network quality of the 4G network under the manhole cover and the second network quality of the NB-IoT network under the manhole cover are obtained; the first network quality and the second network quality are acquired by a signal strength analyzer. If the quality of the first network is greater than the first preset value and the quality of the second network is greater than the second preset value, then a first instruction is issued; the first instruction is to install a smart manhole cover terminal under the manhole cover, and the smart manhole cover terminal communicates with the Internet of Things platform using a 4G network or an NB-IoT network. If the quality of the first network is greater than the first preset value, and the quality of the second network is less than or equal to the second preset value, then a second instruction is issued; the second instruction is to install a smart manhole cover terminal under the manhole cover, and the smart manhole cover terminal uses a 4G network to communicate with the Internet of Things platform. If the quality of the first network is less than or equal to the first preset value, and the quality of the second network is greater than the second preset value, then a third instruction is issued; the third instruction is to install a smart manhole cover terminal under the manhole cover, and the smart manhole cover terminal communicates with the Internet of Things platform using an NB-IoT network.

2. The smart manhole cover terminal network management method according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the first network quality is less than or equal to the first preset value, and the second network quality is less than or equal to the second preset value, then the third network quality of the LoRa network under the manhole cover collected by the signal strength analyzer is obtained. If the quality of the third network is greater than the third preset value, a fourth instruction is issued; the fourth instruction is to install a smart manhole cover terminal under the manhole cover, install a LoRa forwarding base station next to the manhole cover, and the smart manhole cover terminal communicates with the LoRa forwarding base station using the LoRa network, and the LoRa forwarding base station communicates with the Internet of Things platform using a 4G network or an NB-IoT network. If the quality of the third network is less than or equal to the third preset value, a fifth instruction is issued; the fifth instruction is to install a smart manhole cover terminal under the manhole cover and extend the antenna of the smart manhole cover terminal to the outside of the manhole cover, and the smart manhole cover terminal communicates with the Internet of Things platform using a 4G network or an NB-IoT network.

3. The smart manhole cover terminal network management method according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the quality of the first network is less than or equal to the first preset value, and the quality of the second network is less than or equal to the second preset value, then it is determined whether the IoT platform can receive the first verification code and the second verification code; the first verification code is transmitted to the IoT platform by the signal strength analyzer through the 4G network, and the second verification code is transmitted to the IoT platform by the signal strength analyzer through the NB-IoT network. If the first verification code can be received and the second verification code can be received, then the first instruction is issued; If the first verification code can be received, but the second verification code cannot be received, then the second instruction is issued; If the first verification code cannot be received, but the second verification code can be received, then the third instruction is issued.

4. The intelligent manhole cover terminal network management method according to claim 3, characterized in that, If the first verification code cannot be received and the second verification code cannot be received, then obtain the third network quality of the LoRa network under the manhole cover collected by the signal strength analyzer. If the quality of the third network is greater than the third preset value, a fourth instruction is issued; the fourth instruction is to install a smart manhole cover terminal under the manhole cover, install a LoRa forwarding base station next to the manhole cover, and the smart manhole cover terminal communicates with the LoRa forwarding base station using the LoRa network, and the LoRa forwarding base station communicates with the Internet of Things platform using a 4G network or an NB-IoT network. If the quality of the third network is less than or equal to the third preset value, it is determined whether the IoT platform can receive the third verification code; the third verification code is sent by the signal strength analyzer to the LoRa forwarding base station through the LoRa network, and then transmitted to the IoT platform through the 4G network or NB-IoT network by the LoRa forwarding base station. If the third verification code is received, then the fourth instruction is issued; If the third verification code cannot be received, a fifth instruction is issued; the fifth instruction is to install a smart manhole cover terminal under the manhole cover and extend the antenna of the smart manhole cover terminal to the outside of the manhole cover, and the smart manhole cover terminal communicates with the Internet of Things platform using a 4G network or NB-IoT network.

5. A smart manhole cover terminal network management device, characterized in that, The smart manhole cover terminal network management device includes: a signal strength analyzer and a processor; The signal strength analyzer is used to collect the first network quality of the 4G network under the manhole cover, the second network quality of the NB-IoT network under the manhole cover, and the third network quality of the LoRa network under the manhole cover. The processor is communicatively connected to the signal strength analyzer; the processor is used to execute the smart manhole cover terminal network management method according to any one of claims 1-4.

6. The intelligent manhole cover terminal network management device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The signal strength analyzer includes: a first main control chip, a first 4G wireless communication module, a first NB-IoT wireless communication module, and a first LoRa wireless communication module; the first main control chip is communicatively connected to the first 4G wireless communication module, the first NB-IoT wireless communication module, and the first LoRa wireless communication module; the first 4G wireless communication module is used to collect the first network quality of the 4G network under the manhole cover; the first NB-IoT wireless communication module is used to collect the second network quality of the NB-IoT network under the manhole cover; and the first LoRa wireless communication module is used to collect the third network quality of the LoRa network under the manhole cover.

7. A smart manhole cover terminal network management system, characterized in that, The intelligent manhole cover terminal network management system includes: a signal strength analyzer, a LoRa forwarding base station, and a processor; The signal strength analyzer is used to collect the first network quality of the 4G network under the manhole cover, the second network quality of the NB-IoT network under the manhole cover, and the third network quality of the LoRa network under the manhole cover. The LoRa forwarding base station is used to be installed next to the manhole cover; The processor is communicatively connected to the signal strength analyzer; the processor is used to execute the smart manhole cover terminal network management method according to any one of claims 1-4.

8. The intelligent manhole cover terminal network management system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The LoRa forwarding base station includes: a second main control chip, a second 4G wireless communication module, a second NB-IoT wireless communication module, and a second LoRa wireless communication module; the second main control chip is communicatively connected to the second 4G wireless communication module, the second NB-IoT wireless communication module, and the second LoRa wireless communication module; the second 4G wireless communication module is used to transmit information collected by the smart manhole cover terminal to the IoT platform via the 4G network; the second NB-IoT wireless communication module is used to transmit information collected by the smart manhole cover terminal to the IoT platform via the NB-IoT network; and the second LoRa wireless communication module is used to receive information collected by the smart manhole cover terminal.

9. A smart manhole cover terminal network management system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The smart manhole cover terminal network management system also includes: a first smart manhole cover terminal using 4G network communication, a second smart manhole cover terminal using NB-IoT network communication, and a third smart manhole cover terminal using LoRa network communication. The first smart manhole cover terminal includes: a third main control chip, a third 4G wireless communication module, and a first tilt sensor; the third main control chip is communicatively connected to the third 4G wireless communication module and the first tilt sensor respectively; the first tilt sensor is used to collect the opening angle of the manhole cover; the third 4G wireless communication module is used to transmit the information collected by the first tilt sensor to the Internet of Things platform through a 4G network. The second smart manhole cover terminal includes: a fourth main control chip, a third NB-IoT wireless communication module, and a second tilt sensor; the fourth main control chip is communicatively connected to the third NB-IoT wireless communication module and the second tilt sensor respectively; the second tilt sensor is used to collect the opening angle of the manhole cover; the third NB-IoT wireless communication module is used to transmit the information collected by the second tilt sensor to the Internet of Things platform through the NB-IoT network; The third smart manhole cover terminal includes: a fifth main control chip, a third LoRa wireless communication module, and a third tilt sensor; the fifth main control chip is communicatively connected to the third LoRa wireless communication module and the third tilt sensor respectively; the third tilt sensor is used to collect the opening angle of the manhole cover; the third LoRa wireless communication module is used to transmit the information collected by the third tilt sensor to the LoRa forwarding base station through the LoRa network.

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