Data transmission method and apparatus

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of wireless communications, and provides a data transmission method and an apparatus, used for reducing the PAPR of a transmitted signal. The method comprises: when a bit rate of first data is greater than or equal to a first threshold, a time unit occupied by the first data is the same as a time unit occupied by a DMRS, and a frequency domain resource unit occupied by the first data does not overlap a frequency domain resource unit occupied by the DMRS, or, when a bit rate of first data is less than a first threshold, a time unit occupied by the first data does not overlap a time unit occupied by a DMRS, and a frequency domain resource unit occupied by the first data does not overlap a frequency domain resource unit occupied by the DMRS. According to the solution, a first threshold is designed, and it is determined that first data and a DMRS are frequency division multiplexed or frequency division multiplexed and time division multiplexed, so that the PAPR and the spectral efficiency can be balanced, thereby improving data transmission performance.

Description

A data transmission method and apparatus

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410793705.7, filed on June 19, 2024, entitled "A Data Transmission Method and Apparatus", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a data transmission method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0004] In new radio (NR), five formats are defined for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH). Format 2 PUCCH can transmit one or two orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. Whether PUCCH format 2 occupies one or two symbols, the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) and data are frequency-division multiplexed within each symbol.

[0005] The above design does not consider the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) requirement; the PUCCH has the same PAPR as a quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) OFDM signal. To reduce PAPR, DMRS and single-carrier data frequency division multiplexing (FDM) are proposed. However, this compromises the single-carrier characteristics, making the PUCCH's PAPR worse than that of a pure data signal (such as a single-carrier signal without DMRS).

[0006] To further reduce the PAPR of PUCCH, DMRS can be combined with single-carrier data FDM, and time division multiplexing (TDM) can also be applied. However, this reduces spectral efficiency. Therefore, determining the multiplexing method between DMRS and single-carrier data—that is, choosing FDM only, or choosing FDM combined with TDM—to achieve a good trade-off between PAPR and spectral efficiency is a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application provides a data transmission method and apparatus that determines the multiplexing mode of DMRS and single-carrier data to achieve a better trade-off between PAPR and spectral efficiency, which is beneficial to improving data transmission performance.

[0008] Firstly, a data transmission method is provided. This method can be executed by a first communication device. Unless otherwise specified, "first communication device" in this application can refer to the first communication device itself (e.g., a network device, a terminal device), a component within the first communication device (e.g., a processor, a chip, or a chip system), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the first communication device. The method includes: the first communication device acquiring a first sequence, the first sequence including first data and DMRS. The first communication device transmitting the first sequence. Wherein, when the code rate of the first data is greater than or equal to a first threshold, the time unit occupied by the first data is the same as the time unit occupied by the DMRS, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the DMRS do not overlap. Alternatively, when the code rate of the first data is less than the first threshold, the time unit occupied by the first data and the time unit occupied by the DMRS do not overlap, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the DMRS do not overlap.

[0009] Based on the above scheme, the time unit occupied by the first data is the same as the time unit occupied by the DMRS, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the DMRS do not overlap. This can be understood as the first data and the DMRS only using frequency division multiplexing. The time unit occupied by the first data and the time unit occupied by the DMRS do not overlap, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the DMRS do not overlap. This can be understood as the first data and the DMRS using both frequency division multiplexing and time division multiplexing. Therefore, by designing a first threshold to determine the multiplexing mode of the first data and the DMRS, a better trade-off can be achieved between PAPR and spectral efficiency, which is beneficial to improving data transmission performance.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the first communication device receives first indication information. This first indication information indicates the ratio between the energy per resource element (EPRE) of the first data and the EPRE of the DMRS.

[0011] Based on the above scheme, the first communication device can determine the first data and the power allocated to the DMRS based on the first indication information to generate the first sequence.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the first threshold is a preset value.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the temporal density of the DMRS is the first temporal density when the bit rate is less than a first threshold and greater than or equal to a second threshold, and the temporal density of the DMRS is the second temporal density when the bit rate is less than the second threshold. The first temporal density is greater than the second temporal density. Here, the temporal density indicates the distribution of time units occupied by the DMRS in the temporal domain, and the second threshold is less than the first threshold.

[0014] In other words, when the code rate is less than the first threshold, the first data and DMRS are frequency-division multiplexed and time-division multiplexed. Furthermore, the time-division multiplexing implementation scheme is also related to the code rate. Specifically, when the code rate is less than the first threshold but greater than or equal to the second threshold, time-division multiplexing scheme 1 is used, in which the time-domain density of the DMRS is the first time-domain density. When the code rate is less than the second threshold, time-division multiplexing scheme 2 is used, in which the time-domain density of the DMRS is the second time-domain density, and the first time-domain density is greater than the second time-domain density.

[0015] Based on the above scheme, a better trade-off can be achieved between PAPR and spectral efficiency, thereby improving data transmission performance.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the time-domain density of the DMRS is 1 / Y, and the frequency-domain density of the DMRS is 1 / X, where the frequency-domain density of the DMRS indicates the distribution of frequency-domain resource units occupied by the DMRS in the frequency domain.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the time-domain density of DMRS is one-Y, which includes the ratio of the number of time units occupied by DMRS to the total number of time units, which is one-Y.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the frequency domain density of the DMRS is 1 / X, which includes the ratio of the number of frequency domain resource units occupied by the DMRS to the total number of frequency domain resource units, which is 1 / X.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the temporal density of the DMRS is one-Y, comprising mapping one DMRS every Y-1 time units, where Y is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the frequency domain density of the DMRS is 1 / X, which includes mapping one DMRS every X-1 frequency domain resource units, where X is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0021] In one possible implementation, Y is related to X.

[0022] In one possible implementation, when X equals 2, Y equals 2. Or, when X equals 3, Y equals 2 or 3. Or, when X equals 4, Y equals 2, 3, or 4.

[0023] Based on various implementation methods, examples of the time-domain density and frequency-domain density of the DMRS in this application are provided.

[0024] In one possible implementation, when X is greater than 2 and Y is less than X, the EPR of the first data and the EPR of the DMRS are the same, or the ratio between the EPR of the first data and the EPR of the DMRS is 1, or the EPR ratio is 0 dB. Alternatively, when X is greater than 2 and Y is less than X, the EPR of the first data is less than the EPR of the DMRS, or the ratio between the EPR of the first data and the EPR of the DMRS is less than 1. Alternatively, when X is greater than 2 and Y is less than X, the EPR of the first data is greater than the EPR of the DMRS, or the ratio between the EPR of the first data and the EPR of the DMRS is greater than 1.

[0025] Based on the above scheme, when the EPRE of the first data is less than the EPRE of the DMRS, the PAPR of the first sequence is low and the signal estimation performance is good. When the EPRE of the first data is greater than the EPRE of the DMRS, the PAPR of the first sequence is low and the power of the first data is high.

[0026] It should be understood that the ratio between the EPRE of the first data and the EPRE of the DMRS is not necessarily a fixed value, but is adjustable.

[0027] In one possible implementation, when X equals Y, the EPRE of the first data and the EPRE of the DMRS are the same, or the ratio between the EPRE of the first data and the EPRE of the DMRS is 1, or the ratio is 0dB.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the first threshold when the modulation order of the first data is Q1 is less than or equal to the first threshold when the modulation order of the first data is Q2. Q1 is greater than Q2. Based on the above scheme, different modulation orders can correspond to different first thresholds, making the design of the first threshold more refined, and enabling the above scheme to achieve better performance in different scenarios.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the first threshold when X equals X1 is less than or equal to the first threshold when X equals X2. X1 is greater than X2. Based on the above scheme, different frequency domain densities of DMRS can correspond to different first thresholds, making the design of the first threshold more refined, and enabling the above scheme to achieve better performance in different scenarios.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the second threshold when X equals X1 is greater than or equal to the second threshold when X2. X1 is greater than X2. Based on the above scheme, different frequency domain densities of DMRS can correspond to different second thresholds, making the design of the second threshold more refined and enabling the above scheme to achieve better performance in different scenarios.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the second threshold when the modulation order of the first data is Q1 is less than or equal to the second threshold when the modulation order of the first data is Q2. Q1 is greater than Q2. Based on the above scheme, different modulation orders can correspond to different second thresholds, making the design of the first threshold more refined, and enabling the above scheme to achieve better performance in different scenarios.

[0032] Secondly, a data transmission method is provided. This method can be executed by a second communication device. Unless otherwise specified, "second communication device" in this application can refer to the second communication device itself (e.g., a network device, a terminal device), a component within the second communication device (e.g., a processor, a chip, or a chip system), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the second communication device. The method includes: the second communication device receiving a first sequence, the first sequence including first data and a demodulation reference signal (DMRS). Wherein, when the code rate of the first data is greater than or equal to a first threshold, the time unit occupied by the first data is the same as the time unit occupied by the DMRS, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the DMRS are different. Alternatively, when the code rate of the first data is less than the first threshold, the time unit occupied by the first data and the DMRS are different, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the DMRS are different. The first threshold is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the second communication device sends first indication information. This first indication information indicates the ratio between the EPRE of the first data and the EPRE of the DMRS.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the first threshold is a preset value.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the temporal density of the DMRS is the first temporal density when the bit rate is less than a first threshold and greater than or equal to a second threshold, and the temporal density of the DMRS is the second temporal density when the bit rate is less than the second threshold. The first temporal density is greater than the second temporal density. Here, the temporal density indicates the distribution of time units occupied by the DMRS in the temporal domain, and the second threshold is less than the first threshold.

[0036] In other words, when the code rate is less than the first threshold, the first data and DMRS are frequency-division multiplexed and time-division multiplexed. Furthermore, the time-division multiplexing implementation scheme is also related to the code rate. Specifically, when the code rate is less than the first threshold but greater than or equal to the second threshold, time-division multiplexing scheme 1 is used, in which the time-domain density of the DMRS is the first time-domain density. When the code rate is less than the second threshold, time-division multiplexing scheme 2 is used, in which the time-domain density of the DMRS is the second time-domain density, and the first time-domain density is greater than the second time-domain density.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the time-domain density of the DMRS is 1 / Y, and the frequency-domain density of the DMRS is 1 / X, where the frequency-domain density of the DMRS indicates the distribution of frequency-domain resource units occupied by the DMRS in the frequency domain.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the time-domain density of DMRS is one-Y, which includes the ratio of the number of time units occupied by DMRS to the total number of time units, which is one-Y.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the frequency domain density of the DMRS is 1 / X, which includes the ratio of the number of frequency domain resource units occupied by the DMRS to the total number of frequency domain resource units, which is 1 / X.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the temporal density of the DMRS is one-Y, comprising mapping one DMRS every Y-1 time units, where Y is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the frequency domain density of the DMRS is 1 / X, which includes mapping one DMRS every X-1 frequency domain resource units, where X is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0042] In one possible implementation, Y is related to X.

[0043] In one possible implementation, when X equals 2, Y equals 2. Or, when X equals 3, Y equals 2 or 3. Or, when X equals 4, Y equals 2, 3, or 4.

[0044] In one possible implementation, when X is greater than 2 and Y is less than X, the EPR of the first data and the EPR of the DMRS are the same, or the ratio between the EPR of the first data and the EPR of the DMRS is 1, or the EPR ratio is 0 dB. Alternatively, when X is greater than 2 and Y is less than X, the EPR of the first data is less than the EPR of the DMRS, or the ratio between the EPR of the first data and the EPR of the DMRS is less than 1. Alternatively, when X is greater than 2 and Y is less than X, the EPR of the first data is greater than the EPR of the DMRS, or the ratio between the EPR of the first data and the EPR of the DMRS is greater than 1.

[0045] In one possible implementation, when X equals Y, the EPRE of the first data and the EPRE of the DMRS are the same, or the ratio between the EPRE of the first data and the EPRE of the DMRS is 1, or the ratio is 0dB.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the first threshold when the modulation order of the first data is Q1 is less than or equal to the first threshold when the modulation order of the first data is Q2. Q1 is greater than Q2.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the first threshold when X equals X1 is less than or equal to the first threshold when X equals X2. X1 is greater than X2.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the second threshold when X equals X1 is greater than or equal to the second threshold when X2. X1 is greater than X2.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the second threshold when the modulation order of the first data is Q1 is less than or equal to the second threshold when the modulation order of the first data is Q2. Q1 is greater than Q2.

[0050] Thirdly, a communication device is provided, including a processing unit and a transceiver unit.

[0051] A processing unit is used to acquire a first sequence, which includes first data and DMRS. A transceiver unit is used to transmit the first sequence. Wherein, when the code rate of the first data is greater than or equal to a first threshold, the time units occupied by the first data and the time units occupied by the DMRS are the same, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the DMRS do not overlap. Alternatively, when the code rate of the first data is less than the first threshold, the time units occupied by the first data and the time units occupied by the DMRS do not overlap, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the DMRS do not overlap.

[0052] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further configured to receive first indication information. The first indication information indicates the ratio between the EPRE of the first data and the EPRE of the DMRS.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the first threshold is a preset value.

[0054] In one possible implementation, the temporal density of the DMRS is the first temporal density when the bit rate is less than a first threshold and greater than or equal to a second threshold, and the temporal density of the DMRS is the second temporal density when the bit rate is less than the second threshold. The first temporal density is greater than the second temporal density. Here, the temporal density indicates the distribution of time units occupied by the DMRS in the temporal domain, and the second threshold is less than the first threshold.

[0055] In other words, when the code rate is less than the first threshold, the first data and DMRS are frequency-division multiplexed and time-division multiplexed. Furthermore, the time-division multiplexing implementation scheme is also related to the code rate. Specifically, when the code rate is less than the first threshold but greater than or equal to the second threshold, time-division multiplexing scheme 1 is used, in which the time-domain density of the DMRS is the first time-domain density. When the code rate is less than the second threshold, time-division multiplexing scheme 2 is used, in which the time-domain density of the DMRS is the second time-domain density, and the first time-domain density is greater than the second time-domain density.

[0056] In one possible implementation, the time-domain density of the DMRS is 1 / Y, and the frequency-domain density of the DMRS is 1 / X, where the frequency-domain density of the DMRS indicates the distribution of frequency-domain resource units occupied by the DMRS in the frequency domain.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the time-domain density of DMRS is one-Y, which includes the ratio of the number of time units occupied by DMRS to the total number of time units, which is one-Y.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the frequency domain density of the DMRS is 1 / X, which includes the ratio of the number of frequency domain resource units occupied by the DMRS to the total number of frequency domain resource units, which is 1 / X.

[0059] In one possible implementation, the temporal density of the DMRS is one-Y, comprising mapping one DMRS every Y-1 time units, where Y is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0060] In one possible implementation, the frequency domain density of the DMRS is 1 / X, which includes mapping one DMRS every X-1 frequency domain resource units, where X is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0061] In one possible implementation, Y is related to X.

[0062] In one possible implementation, when X equals 2, Y equals 2. Or, when X equals 3, Y equals 2 or 3. Or, when X equals 4, Y equals 2, 3, or 4.

[0063] In one possible implementation, when X is greater than 2 and Y is less than X, the EPR of the first data and the EPR of the DMRS are the same, or the ratio between the EPR of the first data and the EPR of the DMRS is 1, or the EPR ratio is 0 dB. Alternatively, when X is greater than 2 and Y is less than X, the EPR of the first data is less than the EPR of the DMRS, or the ratio between the EPR of the first data and the EPR of the DMRS is less than 1. Alternatively, when X is greater than 2 and Y is less than X, the EPR of the first data is greater than the EPR of the DMRS, or the ratio between the EPR of the first data and the EPR of the DMRS is greater than 1.

[0064] In one possible implementation, when X equals Y, the EPRE of the first data and the EPRE of the DMRS are the same, or the ratio between the EPRE of the first data and the EPRE of the DMRS is 1, or the ratio is 0dB.

[0065] In one possible implementation, the first threshold when the modulation order of the first data is Q1 is less than or equal to the first threshold when the modulation order of the first data is Q2. Q1 is greater than Q2.

[0066] In one possible implementation, the first threshold when X equals X1 is less than or equal to the first threshold when X equals X2. X1 is greater than X2.

[0067] In one possible implementation, the second threshold when X equals X1 is greater than or equal to the second threshold when X2. X1 is greater than X2.

[0068] In one possible implementation, the second threshold when the modulation order of the first data is Q1 is less than or equal to the second threshold when the modulation order of the first data is Q2. Q1 is greater than Q2.

[0069] Fourthly, a communication device is provided, including a processing unit and a transceiver unit.

[0070] A transceiver unit is used to receive a first sequence, which includes first data and a demodulation reference signal (DMRS). When the code rate of the first data is greater than or equal to a first threshold, the time units occupied by the first data are the same as the time units occupied by the DMRS, but the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the DMRS are different. Alternatively, when the code rate of the first data is less than the first threshold, the time units occupied by the first data and the DMRS are different, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the DMRS are different. The first threshold is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1. A processing unit is used to acquire the first data.

[0071] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further configured to transmit first indication information. This first indication information indicates the ratio between the EPRE of the first data and the EPRE of the DMRS.

[0072] In one possible implementation, the first threshold is a preset value.

[0073] In one possible implementation, the temporal density of the DMRS is the first temporal density when the bit rate is less than a first threshold and greater than or equal to a second threshold, and the temporal density of the DMRS is the second temporal density when the bit rate is less than the second threshold. The first temporal density is greater than the second temporal density. Here, the temporal density indicates the distribution of time units occupied by the DMRS in the temporal domain, and the second threshold is less than the first threshold.

[0074] In other words, when the code rate is less than the first threshold, the first data and DMRS are frequency-division multiplexed and time-division multiplexed. Furthermore, the time-division multiplexing implementation scheme is also related to the code rate. Specifically, when the code rate is less than the first threshold but greater than or equal to the second threshold, time-division multiplexing scheme 1 is used, in which the time-domain density of the DMRS is the first time-domain density. When the code rate is less than the second threshold, time-division multiplexing scheme 2 is used, in which the time-domain density of the DMRS is the second time-domain density, and the first time-domain density is greater than the second time-domain density.

[0075] In one possible implementation, the time-domain density of the DMRS is 1 / Y, and the frequency-domain density of the DMRS is 1 / X, where the frequency-domain density of the DMRS indicates the distribution of frequency-domain resource units occupied by the DMRS in the frequency domain.

[0076] In one possible implementation, the time-domain density of DMRS is one-Y, which includes the ratio of the number of time units occupied by DMRS to the total number of time units, which is one-Y.

[0077] In one possible implementation, the frequency domain density of the DMRS is 1 / X, which includes the ratio of the number of frequency domain resource units occupied by the DMRS to the total number of frequency domain resource units, which is 1 / X.

[0078] In one possible implementation, the temporal density of the DMRS is one-Y, comprising mapping one DMRS every Y-1 time units, where Y is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0079] In one possible implementation, the frequency domain density of the DMRS is 1 / X, which includes mapping one DMRS every X-1 frequency domain resource units, where X is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0080] In one possible implementation, Y is related to X.

[0081] In one possible implementation, when X equals 2, Y equals 2. Or, when X equals 3, Y equals 2 or 3. Or, when X equals 4, Y equals 2, 3, or 4.

[0082] In one possible implementation, when X is greater than 2 and Y is less than X, the EPR of the first data and the EPR of the DMRS are the same, or the ratio between the EPR of the first data and the EPR of the DMRS is 1, or the EPR ratio is 0 dB. Alternatively, when X is greater than 2 and Y is less than X, the EPR of the first data is less than the EPR of the DMRS, or the ratio between the EPR of the first data and the EPR of the DMRS is less than 1. Alternatively, when X is greater than 2 and Y is less than X, the EPR of the first data is greater than the EPR of the DMRS, or the ratio between the EPR of the first data and the EPR of the DMRS is greater than 1.

[0083] In one possible implementation, when X equals Y, the EPRE of the first data and the EPRE of the DMRS are the same, or the ratio between the EPRE of the first data and the EPRE of the DMRS is 1, or the ratio is 0dB.

[0084] In one possible implementation, the first threshold when the modulation order of the first data is Q1 is less than or equal to the first threshold when the modulation order of the first data is Q2. Q1 is greater than Q2.

[0085] In one possible implementation, the first threshold when X equals X1 is less than or equal to the first threshold when X equals X2. X1 is greater than X2.

[0086] In one possible implementation, the second threshold when X equals X1 is greater than or equal to the second threshold when X2. X1 is greater than X2.

[0087] In one possible implementation, the second threshold when the modulation order of the first data is Q1 is less than or equal to the second threshold when the modulation order of the first data is Q2. Q1 is greater than Q2.

[0088] Fifthly, a communication device is provided for implementing the various methods described above. This communication device may be a first communication device as described in the first aspect, or a device comprising the first communication device, or a device included in the first communication device, such as a chip; or, the communication device may be a second communication device as described in the second aspect, or a device comprising the second communication device, or a device included in the second communication device. The communication device includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the methods described above, which may be implemented in hardware, software, or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the functions described above.

[0089] A sixth aspect provides a communication device, comprising: a processor and a communication interface; the communication interface being used to communicate with a module outside the communication device; the processor being used to execute a computer program or instructions to cause the method described in any of the preceding aspects to be executed. The communication device may be a first communication device as described in the first aspect, or a device comprising the first communication device, or a device included in the first communication device, such as a chip; or, the communication device may be a second communication device as described in the second aspect, or a device comprising the second communication device, or a device included in the second communication device.

[0090] A seventh aspect provides a communication device, comprising: at least one processor; the processor being configured to execute a computer program or instructions stored in a memory to implement the method described in any of the preceding aspects. The memory may be coupled to the processor, or may be independent of the processor. The communication device may be a first communication device as described in the first aspect, or a device comprising the first communication device, or a device included in the first communication device, such as a chip; or, the communication device may be a second communication device as described in the second aspect, or a device comprising the second communication device, or a device included in the second communication device.

[0091] Eighthly, this application provides a communication system that may include a first communication device performing the method described in the first aspect and a second communication device performing the method described in the second aspect.

[0092] Ninthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-readable instructions that, when read and executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method in any possible implementation of either the first or second aspect described above.

[0093] In a tenth aspect, this application provides a computer program product that, when read and executed by a computer, causes the computer to perform the method in any possible implementation of either the first or second aspect described above.

[0094] In one aspect, this application provides a chip for reading a computer program stored in a memory to execute the method in any possible implementation of either the first or second aspect described above.

[0095] It is understood that the technical effects of the second to eleventh aspects can refer to the technical effects of any possible implementation of the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0096] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided in this application;

[0097] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a double-symbol DMRS of type 1 in a PDSCH or PUSCH;

[0098] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a double-symbol DMRS of type 2 in PDSCH or PUSCH;

[0099] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of DMRS and data frequency division multiplexing;

[0100] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of DMRS and data frequency division multiplexing with Δ=3 and Δ=4;

[0101] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the simulation results of PAPR;

[0102] Figure 7 is an exemplary flowchart of a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0103] Figure 8A is a schematic diagram of a first data and DMRS frequency division multiplexing provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0104] Figure 8B is a schematic diagram of a first data and DMRS frequency division multiplexing and time division multiplexing provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0105] Figure 9A is a schematic diagram of another first data and DMRS frequency division multiplexing and time division multiplexing provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0106] Figure 9B is a schematic diagram of another first data and DMRS frequency division multiplexing and time division multiplexing provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0107] Figure 10A is a schematic diagram of another first data and DMRS frequency division multiplexing and time division multiplexing provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0108] Figure 10B is a schematic diagram of another first data and DMRS frequency division multiplexing and time division multiplexing provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0109] Figure 10C is a schematic diagram of another first data and DMRS frequency division multiplexing and time division multiplexing provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0110] Figure 10D is a schematic diagram of another first data and DMRS frequency division multiplexing and time division multiplexing provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0111] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of another first data and DMRS frequency division multiplexing and time division multiplexing provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0112] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0113] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0114] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0115] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0116] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application, the technical terms provided in the embodiments of this application are explained and described below.

[0117] 1) PAPR, which refers to the peak power to mean power ratio. For a signal x(t), its peak power over a certain time interval (e.g., from t0 to t1) is... And the average power is PAPR can be written as

[0118] Communication signals are random signals; their mean power can be considered a fixed value, while their peak power is a random variable. Therefore, PAPR is also a random variable. In statistics, the value of a random signal at a given moment is often described using a probability density function. In the communications industry, engineers often use the complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF) curve to describe PAPR: the probability Q of an instantaneous power exceeding the mean power by X dB, or the proportion of times the instantaneous power exceeds the mean power by X dB in the total time, is Q. This can be expressed by the formula:

[0119] Where P(·) represents probability.

[0120] A higher PAPR for the input signal x(t) means a larger fluctuation range in input power. Therefore, to ensure the signal remains entirely within the linear amplification range, a greater back-off power is required. Thus, designing a signal with low PAPR can reduce power amplifier output back-off, increase transmission power, and improve coverage.

[0121] 2) DMRS.

[0122] Information is sent from the first communication device, transmitted through a transmission channel, and received at the second communication device. Because the information may change during transmission (due to noise, fading, etc.), the received information may differ from the transmitted information. To accurately reconstruct the correct information, it is necessary to understand what changes the information underwent during transmission; therefore, a reference signal (RS) is introduced.

[0123] The first and second communication devices pre-agree on a known signal (RS). RS, along with the information to be transmitted, is transmitted through the transmission channel. Upon receiving the signal (RS'), the second communication device compares the differences between RS and RS' to understand the changes in the information during transmission, performs channel characteristic estimation, and obtains the channel characteristic H. Based on the channel characteristic H, the received information can be reconstructed into the correct transmitted information. DMRS is used for channel estimation during demodulation.

[0124] 3) The temporal density of DMRS indicates the distribution of DMRS across temporal resources. For example, a temporal density of 1 / Y can be considered as the ratio of the number of time units occupied by DMRS to the total number of time units being 1 / Y. For instance, if the temporal density of DMRS is 1 / Y, then the distribution of DMRS across temporal resources could be one DMRS mapped every Y-1 time units. Y is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0125] 4) The frequency domain density of DMRS indicates the distribution of DMRS across frequency domain resources. For example, a frequency domain density of 1 / X can be considered as the ratio of the number of frequency domain resource units occupied by DMRS to the total number of frequency domain resource units being 1 / X. For instance, if the frequency domain density of DMRS is 1 / X, then the distribution of DMRS across frequency domain resources could be that one DMRS is mapped every X-1 frequency domain resource units. X is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0126] The technical solutions of this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as 5th generation (5G) mobile communication systems, such as new radio (NR) systems. The technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to future communication systems, such as 6th generation (6G) mobile communication systems. Communication systems can also be Bluetooth communication systems, wireless local area network (WLAN) / wireless communication technology (WiFi) communication systems, narrowband internet of things (NB-IoT) communication systems, etc. The technical solutions of this application can also be applied to satellite communication systems, wherein the satellite communication system can be integrated with the above-mentioned communication systems.

[0127] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the application scenario used in this application will be described using the communication system architecture shown in FIG1 as an example. Referring to FIG1, the communication system includes a network device 101 and a terminal device 102. The communication device provided in the embodiments of this application can be applied to the network device 101 or to the terminal device 102. It is understood that FIG1 only shows one possible communication system architecture that can be applied to the embodiments of this application, and in other possible scenarios, the communication system architecture may also include other devices.

[0128] Network device 101 is a node in a radio access network (RAN), and can be referred to as access network equipment, RAN node, etc. Optionally, the RAN can be a 3GPP-related cellular system, such as a 4G mobile communication system (e.g., LTE system), a 5G mobile communication system (e.g., NR system), or a future-oriented evolution system (e.g., 6G mobile communication system). The RAN can also be an open access network (open RAN, O-RAN or ORAN), a cloud radio access network (CRAN), or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system. The RAN can also be a communication system that integrates two or more of the above systems.

[0129] In one possible scenario, access network equipment can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), an access point (AP), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next-generation NodeB (gNB), a next-generation base station in a 6th-generation (6G) mobile communication system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a WiFi system. Access network equipment can also be a macro base station, a micro base station, an indoor station, a relay node, a donor node, or a radio controller in a CRAN scenario. Optionally, access network equipment can also be a server, wearable device, vehicle, or in-vehicle equipment. For example, in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology, the access network equipment can be a roadside unit (RSU).

[0130] In another possible scenario, multiple RAN nodes collaborate to assist the terminal in achieving wireless access, with each RAN node performing a portion of the base station's functions. For example, RAN nodes can be central units (CUs), distributed units (DUs), CU-control plane (CPs), CU-user plane (UPs), or radio units (RUs), etc. CUs and DUs can be separate entities or included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). RUs can be included in radio frequency equipment or radio frequency units, such as remote radio units (RRUs), active antenna units (AAUs), or remote radio heads (RRHs).

[0131] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an ORAN system, CU can also be called an open centralized unit (O-CU) or an open CU, DU can also be called an open distributed unit (O-DU), CU-CP can also be called an open centralized unit control plane (O-CU-CP), CU-UP can also be called an open centralized unit user plane (O-CU-UP), and RU can also be called an open radio unit (O-RU). For ease of description, this application uses CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU as examples. Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules.

[0132] In the embodiments of this application, the functions of the network device can be executed by modules (such as chips) within the network device, or by a control subsystem that includes the functions of the network device. This control subsystem, which includes the functions of the network device, can be a control center in the aforementioned application scenarios such as smart grids, industrial control, intelligent transportation, and smart cities.

[0133] Terminal equipment 102, also known as user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), etc., is a device that provides voice or data connectivity to users, and can also be an Internet of Things (IoT) device. For example, terminal equipment includes handheld devices with wireless connectivity, vehicle-mounted devices, etc. Currently, terminal devices can be: mobile phones, tablets, laptops, PDAs, mobile internet devices (MIDs), wearable devices (such as smartwatches, smart bracelets, pedometers, etc.), in-vehicle devices (such as cars, bicycles, electric vehicles, airplanes, ships, trains, high-speed trains, etc.), virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, smart home devices (such as refrigerators, televisions, air conditioners, electricity meters, etc.), intelligent robots, workshop equipment, wireless terminals in autonomous driving, wireless terminals in remote surgery, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, or wireless terminals in smart homes, and flying devices (such as intelligent robots, hot air balloons, drones, airplanes), etc. Terminal devices can also be other devices with terminal functions; for example, a terminal device can also be a device that performs terminal functions in device-to-device (D2D) communication. In this application, terminal devices with wireless transceiver functions and chips that can be installed in the aforementioned terminal devices are collectively referred to as terminal devices.

[0134] In this embodiment of the application, the functions of the terminal device can also be performed by modules (such as chips or modems) in the terminal, or by a device containing terminal functions.

[0135] Network devices and terminals can be fixed in location or mobile. They can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; and they can be deployed in the air on airplanes, balloons, and artificial satellites. The embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios of the network devices and terminals.

[0136] In the embodiments of this application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more than one" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, and / or c can represent: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a, b, and c, where each of a, b, and c can be an element itself or a set containing one or more elements.

[0137] In this application, terms such as "exemplary," "in some embodiments," and "in other embodiments" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Rather, the term "exemplary" is used to present the concept in a specific manner.

[0138] In this application, "time unit" can refer to a slot, symbol, frame, or subframe, etc. In this application, "frequency domain resource unit" can refer to a subcarrier, resource block (RB), or resource element (RE), etc.

[0139] In this application, the terms "of," "corresponding (relevant)," and "corresponding" may sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, unless a distinction is emphasized, their intended meanings are consistent. Similarly, in the embodiments of this application, "communication" and "transmission" may sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, unless a distinction is emphasized, their intended meanings are consistent. For example, transmission can include sending and / or receiving, and can be a noun or a verb.

[0140] In this application, "instruction" can include direct instruction, indirect instruction, explicit instruction, and implicit instruction. When describing a certain instruction information for the purpose of instructing A, it can be understood that the instruction information carries A, directly instructs A, or indirectly instructs A.

[0141] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" used in the embodiments of this application are used only for the purpose of distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or order.

[0142] The physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) is used to transmit downlink data, and the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) is used to transmit uplink data. In LTE or NR, the DMRS in the PDSCH or PUSCH is used for channel estimation during data demodulation. The time-frequency domain resources of the DMRS are as follows:

[0143] 1) Time-domain resources are divided into two types based on the number of symbols occupied by the DMRS: single-symbol DMRS and double-symbol DMRS.

[0144] 2) Frequency domain resources: Based on the different maximum number of antenna ports supported, DMRS can be divided into the following two categories.

[0145] Type 1: It has a comb-like distribution in the frequency domain and is divided into two code division multiplexing (CDM) groups. The ports within the group use code division multiplexing.

[0146] Single symbol DMRS: Supports a maximum of 4 antenna ports, divided into two CDM groups: {1000,1001} and {1002,1003}.

[0147] Dual Symbol DMRS: Supports up to 8 antenna ports, divided into two CDM groups: {1000,1001,1004,1005} and {1002,1003,1006,1007}.

[0148] Figure 2 shows a type 1 dual-symbol DMRS in PDSCH or PUSCH. In the time direction, under a regular cyclic prefix (CP), one slot contains 14 symbols, corresponding to indices 0-13. In the frequency domain, one resource block (RB) contains 12 subcarriers, corresponding to indices 0-11. One resource element (RE) corresponds to one RE in the time direction and one subcarrier in the frequency domain. One antenna port has 6 REs within one RB for transmitting DMRS. It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, "DMRS" can also be replaced with "pilot". Within the time-domain resource grid corresponding to one symbol and one RB, the first CDM group occupies subcarriers with even-numbered indices, i.e., subcarriers corresponding to subcarrier indices 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10. The second CDM group occupies subcarriers with odd-numbered indices, i.e., subcarriers corresponding to subcarrier indices 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11.

[0149] It should be noted that Figure 2 uses the example of time slots being numbered starting from 0 and subcarriers being numbered starting from 0 for illustration. In reality, time slots can also be numbered starting from 1, and similarly, subcarriers can also be numbered starting from 1, which will not be repeated below.

[0150] Type 2: Compared to Type 1, Type 2 reduces the frequency domain density of DMRS. In this case, one antenna port has four REs within one RB for transmitting DMRS. Type 2 is divided into three CDM groups, with code division multiplexing used between ports within each group.

[0151] Single Symbol DMRS: Supports up to 6 antenna ports, divided into three CDM groups: {1000,1001}, {1002,1003}, and {1004,1005}.

[0152] Dual Symbol DMRS: Supports up to 12 antenna ports, divided into three CDM groups: {1000,1001,1006,1007}, {1002,1003,1008,1009}, and {1004,1005,1010,1011}.

[0153] Figure 3 shows the type 2 dual-symbol DMRS in PDSCH or PUSCH. Within the time-frequency resource grid corresponding to a symbol and an RB, the first CDM group occupies subcarriers with indices 0, 1, 6, and 7, the second CDM group occupies subcarriers with indices 2, 3, 8, and 9, and the third CDM group occupies subcarriers with indices 4, 5, 10, and 11.

[0154] As can be seen above, for a single CDM group or a single antenna port, whether it is type 1 or type 2, it only occupies a portion of the subcarriers within an RB. For example, for type 1, antenna port 1000 occupies subcarriers with indices 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10. NR defines the parameter "number of DMRS CDM groups without data" to describe whether the subcarriers in an RB that do not carry DMRS carry data or are empty, as shown in Table 1.

[0155] Table 1: Example of subcarrier function description under one RB for the number of DMRS in a dataless CDM group.

[0156] If a subcarrier is vacant, the power of that vacant subcarrier is superimposed on the DMRS. For example, for type 1, antenna port 1000 occupies subcarriers with indices 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10, meaning these subcarriers carry DMRS. The number of DMRS groups without data is 2. In this case, the power superposition method increases the DMRS power by 1 time (or 3 dB), which is beneficial for improving channel estimation performance and data symbol demodulation performance.

[0157] In NR, DMRS can also carry data under certain conditions. The advantage of this is improved spectral efficiency, but the disadvantage is degraded channel estimation performance. Related technologies propose relaxing the conditions for "DMRS carrying data." For example, for PUSCH, when using waveform discrete Fourier transform spreading OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), DMRS and single-carrier data can be used in FDM. In this case, DMRS can be replaced with other low PAPR sequences, such as the Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence.

[0158] This scheme has a lower PAPR compared to the scheme in NR. For PDSCH, future communication systems may also support low PAPR DFT-s-OFDM waveforms. When PDSCH occupies a small number of symbols, similar to PUSCH, DMRS may also be compatible with single-wavelet data FDM.

[0159] Figure 4 illustrates a DMRS of type 1, where the odd-indexed subcarriers within an RB are used to carry the DMRS, and the remaining subcarriers are used to carry data. That is, the DMRS is evenly distributed across the frequency domain resources with a frequency domain density of half; in other words, one DMRS is placed every other subcarrier, while data is placed in the middle of the pilots. It should be understood that evenly distributing the DMRS is beneficial for achieving better channel estimation performance.

[0160] It should be noted that the frequency domain density of the DMRS described above, which is half, is shown as an example. During communication, the frequency domain density of the DMRS can be 1 / Δ. For example, DMRS can be uniformly inserted into the frequency domain resources with a frequency domain density of 1 / Δ, that is, one DMRS is placed every (Δ-1) subcarriers. Referring to Figure 5, examples of DMRS and data FDM with Δ=3 and Δ=4 are shown. Alternatively, pilots can be placed in the form of pilot blocks when the density of 1 / Δ is satisfied. Each pilot block contains... One pilot. The spacing between two adjacent pilot blocks is... For example, with type 2 DMRS, as shown in Figure 3, the DMRS density is 1 / 3. For a single port, it contains two pilot blocks within one RB. Each pilot block contains two pilots. The spacing between the two pilot blocks is 6. For example, DMRS port 1000 occupies subcarriers 0, 1, 6, and 7 of one RB. Subcarriers 0 and 1 constitute pilot block 1, while subcarriers 6 and 7 constitute pilot block 2.

[0161] Assume that the subcarrier index in the transmission bandwidth starts from 0, and the subcarrier index corresponding to the 0th pilot subcarrier is denoted as δ, where δ is an integer in the set [0, Δ-1]. It should be understood that δ = 0 in Figures 4 and 5.

[0162] In NR, five formats are defined for PUCCH, among which format 2 PUCCH can transmit one or two OFDM symbols. Whether single-symbol or double-symbol, the OFDM symbol contains DMRS and data FDM. The frequency domain density of the DMRS is one-third, meaning one DMRS is placed every two subcarriers, as shown in Figure 5.

[0163] The above design in NR does not consider the PAPR requirement of PUCCH, which has the same PAPR as QPSK OFDM signals. To reduce PAPR, related technologies propose DMRS and single-carrier data FDM. DMRS uses other low-PAPR sequences, such as ZC sequences. However, FDM destroys the single-carrier characteristics, making the PAPR of PUCCH worse than that of pure data signals (such as QPSK DFT-s-OFDM signals). To further reduce the PAPR of PUCCH, DMRS can also be combined with single-carrier data TDM.

[0164] Referring to Figure 6, the PAPR of NR PUCCH, the PAPR of DMRS and single-carrier data FDM, the PAPR of pure data signal (i.e., QPSK DFT-s-OFDM signal), and the PAPR of DMRS and single-carrier data FDM+TDM are shown. In Figure 6, the transmission bandwidth of PUCCH is 6RB, the inverse discrete fourier transform (IDFT) size is 1024, and the frequency domain density of DMRS is 1 / 3. DMRS is generated based on the ZC sequence, where q represents the ZC root index. It can be seen that the PAPR of DMRS and single-carrier data FDM is significantly lower than that of NR PUCCH, but higher than that of QPSK DFT-s-OFDM. The PAPR of DMRS and single-carrier data FDM+TDM is comparable to, or even lower than, the PAPR of QPSK DFT-s-OFDM signal. In addition, it can be seen from Figure 6 that PAPR is also related to the ZC root index q.

[0165] In summary, DMRS combined with single-carrier data FDM and TDM can reduce PAPR, but its spectral efficiency is lower than that of DMRS combined with single-carrier data FDM only. Therefore, how to multiplex DMRS and data to achieve a better compromise between PAPR and spectral efficiency is a technical problem that needs to be solved.

[0166] Therefore, embodiments of this application provide a data transmission method. In this method, when the bit rate of the first data is greater than a first threshold, DMRS and the first data are subjected to FDM. When the bit rate of the first data is less than the first threshold, the first data and DMRS are subjected to TDM and FDM. When the bit rate of the first data is equal to the first threshold, DMRS and the first data are subjected to FDM, or the first data and DMRS are subjected to TDM and FDM. Based on the above scheme, by designing a first threshold to determine whether the first data and DMRS use FDM or FDM plus TDM, a trade-off between PAPR and spectral efficiency can be achieved, thereby improving data transmission performance.

[0167] Referring to Figure 7, an exemplary flowchart of a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. This method can be applied to a first communication device. Unless otherwise specified, the term "first communication device" in this application can refer to the first communication device itself (e.g., a network device, a terminal device), a component within the first communication device (e.g., a processor, a chip, or a chip system), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the first communication device. Similarly, unless otherwise specified, the term "second communication device" in this application can refer to the second communication device itself (e.g., a network device, a terminal device), a component within the second communication device (e.g., a processor, a chip, or a chip system), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the second communication device.

[0168] For example, when the first communication device is a terminal device, the second communication device can be a network device, or the second communication device can also be a terminal device; when the first communication device is a network device, the second communication device can be a terminal device, or the second communication device can also be a terminal device. The method includes:

[0169] S701: The first communication device acquires the first sequence.

[0170] The first sequence includes the first data and DMRS.

[0171] For example, DMRS can be a ZC sequence, or a pi / 2-binary phase shift keying (BPSK) symbol sequence, or a computer-generated sequence (CGS).

[0172] S702: The first communication device sends the first sequence.

[0173] Accordingly, the network device receives the first sequence.

[0174] For example, the first sequence may be carried in PUCCH, PUSCH, PDSCH or PDCCH.

[0175] In one example, when the bit rate of the first data is greater than a first threshold, the time unit occupied by the first data is the same as the time unit occupied by the DMRS, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the DMRS do not overlap. In other words, when the bit rate of the first data is greater than the first threshold, the DMRS and the first data are FDM.

[0176] Referring to Figure 8A, a schematic diagram of DMRS and first data FDM is shown. In Figure 8A, the time unit occupied by the first data is the same as the time unit occupied by the DMRS, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data do not overlap with the frequency domain resource units occupied by the DMRS. DMRS and first data FDM.

[0177] Figure 8A illustrates this using the first frequency domain resource unit carrying the first data as an example. During communication, the first resource unit can also carry DMRS, which will not be repeated below.

[0178] In another example, when the bit rate of the first data is less than a first threshold, the time units occupied by the first data do not overlap with the time units occupied by the DMRS, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the DMRS do not overlap. In other words, when the bit rate of the first data is less than the first threshold, the DMRS and the first data are both FDM and TDM.

[0179] Referring to Figure 8B, a schematic diagram of DMRS and first data in FDM and TDM mode is shown. In Figure 8B, the time units occupied by the first data do not overlap with the time units occupied by the DMRS, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data do not overlap with the frequency domain resource units occupied by the DMRS. DMRS and first data are in FDM and TDM mode.

[0180] In another example, when the bit rate of the first data equals the first threshold, the time units occupied by the first data do not overlap with the time units occupied by the DMRS, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the DMRS do not overlap; or the time units occupied by the first data and the time units occupied by the DMRS are the same, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the DMRS do not overlap. In other words, when the bit rate of the first data equals the first threshold, the DMRS and the first data are in FDM, or the DMRS and the first data are in FDM and TDM.

[0181] In this embodiment, the first threshold can be a preset value. For example, it can be pre-configured or predefined by the protocol. For example, the first threshold can be one-quarter, one-eighth, or 0.245, etc.

[0182] In one possible scenario, the value of the first threshold is related to the frequency domain density of the DMRS. For example, the value of the first threshold differs for different DMRS frequency domain densities. For instance, the first threshold when the DMRS frequency density is 1 / X1 is less than or equal to the first threshold when the DMRS frequency density is 1 / X2, where X1 is greater than X2. For example, when the DMRS frequency domain density is one-half, the value of the first threshold could be one-quarter. For example, the modulation scheme of the first data is QPSK. As another example, when the DMRS frequency domain density is one-third, the value of the first threshold could be one-eighth.

[0183] In one example, the code rate of the first data and the multiplexing method of the first data and DMRS can be defined for different frequency domain densities of DMRS. It is understood that the multiplexing method of the first data and DMRS can include the aforementioned FDM, or FDM and TDM. The following explanation uses Tables 2 and 3 as examples.

[0184] Table 2: Examples of multiplexing methods for the first data and DMRS when the frequency domain density of DMRS is halved.

[0185] In Table 2, q is not the root index of the ZC sequence. If pi / 2-BPSK modulation is supported, then q = 1; otherwise, q = 2. Table 2 shows that when the code rate is greater than 251 / 1024 = 0.245, or greater than or equal to 308 / 1024 = 0.297, DMRS and the first data are in FDM. When the code rate is less than or equal to 0.245 or less than 0.297, DMRS and the first data are in FDM and TDM. In Table 2, the first threshold can be 0.245 or 0.297.

[0186] Table 3: Examples of multiplexing methods for the first data and DMRS when the frequency domain density of DMRS is halved.

[0187] In Table 3, q ​​is not the root index of the ZC sequence. If pi / 2-BPSK modulation is supported, then q = 1; otherwise, q = 2. Table 3 shows that when the code rate is greater than 251 / 1024 = 0.245, or greater than or equal to 308 / 1024 = 0.297, DMRS and the first data are in FDM. When the code rate is less than or equal to 0.245 or less than 0.297, DMRS and the first data are in FDM and TDM. In Table 3, the first threshold can be 0.245 or 0.297.

[0188] In another example, Tables 2 and 3 above can be used in conjunction with the MCS tables defined in the related art. For example, Table 2 can be combined with MCS Table 1, and Table 3 can be combined with MCS Table 2. In other words, a reuse method column can be added to the MCS tables defined in the related art, as shown in Tables 4 and 5.

[0189] Table 4: An example of an MCS table

[0190] Table 5: An example of an MCS table

[0191] In Tables 4 and 5, q is not the ZC sequence root index. If pi / 2-BPSK modulation is supported, then q = 1; otherwise, q = 2. By indicating the MCS index or modulation order to the first communication device using Tables 4 and 5, the first communication device can determine the multiplexing method of the first data and DMRS.

[0192] In another possible scenario, the first threshold can be related to the modulation order of the first data. For example, the first threshold when the modulation order of the first data is Q1 is less than or equal to the first threshold when the modulation order of the first data is Q2. For instance, the correspondence between the code rate of the first data and the multiplexing method of the first data and DMRS under different modulation orders can be defined. Tables 6 and 7 are used as examples below for illustration.

[0193] Table 6: An example of a method for reusing first data and DMRS

[0194] In Table 6, q is not the root index of the ZC sequence. If pi / 2-BPSK modulation is supported, then q = 1; otherwise, q = 2. Table 6 shows that when the modulation order is 2, DMRS and the first data are FDM when the code rate is greater than 251 / 1024 = 0.245, or greater than or equal to 308 / 1024 = 0.297. When the code rate is less than or equal to 0.245 or less than 0.297, DMRS and the first data are FDM and TDM. In Table 6, when the modulation order is 2, the first threshold can be 0.245 or 0.297.

[0195] In Table 6, when the modulation order is 4, DMRS and the first data are FDM when the code rate is greater than 340 / 1024 = 0.332, or greater than or equal to 378 / 1024 = 0.369. When the code rate is less than or equal to 0.332 or less than 0.369, DMRS and the first data are FDM and TDM. In Table 6, when the modulation order is 4, the first threshold can be 0.332 or 0.369.

[0196] It should be noted that the first threshold of 0.332 or 0.369 in Table 6 when the modulation order is 4 is only shown as an example. During communication, when the code rate is greater than or equal to 0.332, DMRS and the first data can be FDM, and when the code rate is less than 0.332, DMRS and the first data can be FDM and TDM.

[0197] Table 7: An example of a multiplexing method between DMRS and first data

[0198] In Table 7, q is not the root index of the ZC sequence. If pi / 2-BPSK modulation is supported, then q = 1; otherwise, q = 2. Table 7 shows that when the modulation order is 2, DMRS and the first data are FDM when the code rate is greater than 251 / 1024 = 0.245, or greater than or equal to 308 / 1024 = 0.297. When the code rate is less than or equal to 0.245 or less than 0.297, DMRS and the first data are FDM and TDM. In Table 7, when the modulation order is 2, the first threshold can be 0.245 or 0.297.

[0199] In Table 7, when the modulation order is 4, DMRS and the first data are FDM when the code rate is greater than 378 / 1024 = 0.369, or greater than or equal to 434 / 1024 = 0.423. When the code rate is less than or equal to 0.369 or less than 0.423, DMRS and the first data are FDM and TDM. In Table 7, when the modulation order is 4, the first threshold can be 0.369 or less than 0.423.

[0200] In Table 7, when the modulation order is 4, the first threshold is 0.369 or less than 0.423. This is only shown as an example. During communication, when the code rate is greater than or equal to 0.369, DMRS and the first data can be FDM. When the code rate is less than 0.369, DMRS and the first data can be FDM and TDM.

[0201] Similarly, Tables 6 and 7 can be used in conjunction with the MCS tables defined in the relevant art. For example, Table 6 can be combined with MCS Table 1, and Table 7 can be combined with MCS Table 2, which will not be described in detail here.

[0202] As shown in Tables 2 to 7 above, the first threshold in the embodiments of this application monotonically does not increase with the modulation order. For example, the first threshold corresponding to 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is less than or equal to the first threshold corresponding to QPSK. This is because for QPSK and 16QAM modulation, the reduction in spectral efficiency caused by using TDM is the same, but from the perspective of the absolute value of the reduction in spectral efficiency, 16QAM modulation suffers a greater loss in spectral efficiency. In order to reduce the loss, the code rate (CR) must be reduced.

[0203] Furthermore, the first threshold monotonically does not increase as the frequency domain density of the DMRS decreases. For example, when the frequency domain density of the DMRS is 1 / 2, the spectral efficiency of the FDM scheme alone is twice that of the FDM+TDM scheme; when the frequency domain density of the DMRS is 1 / 3, the spectral efficiency of the FDM scheme alone is three times that of the FDM+TDM scheme. To reduce the spectral efficiency loss of the FDM+TDM scheme, the code rate must be reduced.

[0204] In one possible implementation, when the bitrate of the first data is less than a first threshold, if the bitrate of the first data is greater than a second threshold, then the temporal density of the DMRS is the first temporal density; if the bitrate of the first data is less than the second threshold, then the temporal density of the DMRS is the second temporal density. Here, the first temporal density is greater than the second temporal density. It can be understood that when the bitrate of the first data equals the second threshold, the temporal density of the DMRS can be either the first or the second temporal density. In other words, in the above possible implementation, the second threshold can be used to determine whether to use the first or second temporal density when the first data and DMRS use FDM+TDM.

[0205] In Tables 2 to 7 above, TDM can be divided into TDM1 and TDM2. In TDM1, the time-domain density of DMRS is the first time-domain density, and in TDM2, the time-domain density of DMRS is the second time-domain density. In one possible example, the second threshold can be related to the frequency-domain density of DMRS. For example, the second threshold in Table 2 can be 251 / 1024 or 193 / 1024, and the second threshold in Table 3 can be 251 / 1024 or 193 / 1024. In another possible example, the second threshold can be related to the modulation order of the first data. For example, in Table 6, when the modulation order is 2, the second threshold can be 251 / 1024 or 193 / 1024; when the modulation order is 4, the second threshold can be less than or equal to 340 / 1024; and when the modulation order is 6, the second threshold can be less than or equal to 466 / 1024. For example, in Table 7, when the modulation order is 2, the second threshold can be 251 / 1024 or 193 / 1024; when the modulation order is 4, the second threshold can be less than or equal to 378 / 1024; and when the modulation order is 6, the second threshold can be less than or equal to 567 / 1024.

[0206] In this embodiment, the second threshold remains monotonically constant as the frequency density of the DMRS decreases. As can be seen from the above, the smaller the frequency density of the DMRS, the smaller the difference in spectral efficiency between TDM 2 and TDM 1. The second threshold remains monotonically constant as the modulation order increases. A description of the value of the second threshold can be found in the first threshold description, which will not be elaborated upon in this application.

[0207] In this paper, we take the example of DMRS having a time-domain density of 1 / Y and a frequency-domain density of 1 / X.

[0208] In one possible scenario, the frequency domain density of the DMRS is related to its time domain density. For example, if the frequency domain density of the DMRS is half, the time domain density of the DMRS is also half. Alternatively, if the frequency domain density of the DMRS is one-third, the time domain density of the DMRS is either half or one-third. Yet another example is that if the frequency domain density of the DMRS is one-quarter, the time domain density of the DMRS is either half, one-third, or one-quarter.

[0209] When the frequency domain density of the DMRS is greater than half and the time domain density of the DMRS is greater than the frequency domain density of the DMRS, there will be vacant frequency domain resource cells in the frequency domain. The power on these vacant frequency domain resource cells can be allocated to the DMRS and / or the first data, i.e., to increase the EPRE of the DMRS and / or the first data.

[0210] In one example, all the power in the vacant frequency domain resource unit is allocated to the DMRS. The advantage of this approach is a low PAPR for the first sequence and good channel estimation performance. In another example, all the power in the vacant frequency domain resource unit is allocated to the first data. The advantage of this approach is that the first data has high power, resulting in better data demodulation performance at lower code rates. In yet another example, the power in the vacant frequency domain resource unit can be evenly distributed between the first data and the DMRS.

[0211] It should be understood that the above examples are shown as illustrative only, and other allocation methods are not excluded.

[0212] In this embodiment, the second communication device can send indication information to the first communication device. This indication information can indicate the ratio between the EPRE of the first data and the EPRE of the DMRS. Through this indication information, the first communication device can determine the power allocated to the first data and the power allocated to the DMRS, thereby generating a first sequence. For example, if there are vacant frequency domain resource units, the first communication device can determine how the power on the vacant frequency domain resource units should be allocated based on the indication information.

[0213] For example, when the frequency domain density of the DMRS is greater than half and the time domain density of the DMRS is greater than the frequency domain density of the DMRS, the EPRE of the first data and the EPRE of the DMRS are the same. For example, the ratio between the EPRE of the first data and the EPRE of the DMRS is 1, or the ratio is 0.

[0214] For example, when the frequency domain density of the DMRS is greater than half and the time domain density of the DMRS is greater than the frequency domain density of the DMRS, the EPR of the first data and the EPR of the DMRS are different. For example, the ratio between the EPR of the first data and the EPR of the DMRS is not 1, or the ratio is not 0. For example, the EPR of the first data is less than the EPR of the DMRS. Yet another example is that the EPR of the first data is greater than the EPR of the DMRS.

[0215] In one possible implementation, when the frequency domain density of the DMRS is the same as the time domain density of the DMRS, the EPRE of the first data and the EPRE of the DMRS are the same. For example, the ratio between the EPRE of the first data and the EPRE of the DMRS is 1, or the ratio is 0.

[0216] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application, detailed descriptions are given below in conjunction with different embodiments. The following explanation uses frequency domain resource units as subcarriers as an example.

[0217] In some embodiments, assuming the code rate is less than a first threshold, the DMRS is combined with the first data FDM+TDM. The frequency domain density of the DMRS is assumed to be 1 / 2, meaning one DMRS is placed every other subcarrier. The DMRS uses a low PAPR sequence. The transmission bandwidth corresponds to N. sc N subcarriers, since the frequency domain density of DMRS is 1 / 2, therefore N sc Two subcarriers are used to transmit DMRS, and the remaining N sc Two subcarriers are used to transmit data.

[0218] In one example, DMRS is obtained by performing a discrete fourier transform (DFT) on the first pilot sequence. The first pilot sequence can be, for example, a pi / 2-BPSK symbol sequence or a computer-generated sequence (CGS). This generates an N... sc The first pilot sequence is of length N / 4. Then, it is upsampled by a sampling factor of 2, i.e., a zero is inserted between two pilots, resulting in a sequence of length N. sc The sequence of / 2 (denoted as sequence 1) is then subjected to N. sc / 2 point DFT, obtain N sc / 2 long DMRS.

[0219] In this example, to generate the first data of the frequency division, first generate a data of length N. sc A data sequence of length N is taken, and then upsampled by a sampling factor of 2, i.e., a 0 is inserted between two symbols, to obtain a data sequence of length N. sc A data sequence of length 2 (denoted as sequence 1_1) is processed by a circular shift of 1 to obtain sequence 2. Then, sequence 2 is processed by N... sc / 2 point DFT, obtain N sc / 2 Long Frequency Division Data Signal 1.

[0220] Referring to Figure 9A, from a time perspective, N sc / 4 long pilot sequence and N sc A data sequence of length N is time-division multiplexed to obtain a sequence of length N. sc / 2 long reused sequence.

[0221] It should be understood that in Figure 9A, it is assumed that the first element of the multiplexed sequence is a pilot symbol, and the second element is data. Optionally, the first element of the multiplexed sequence can be data, and the second element can be a pilot symbol: that is, after performing a cyclic shift of 1 on sequence 1, a DFT is performed, and simultaneously, N is directly applied to sequence 1_1. sc / 2-point DFT.

[0222] In another example, DMRS can be generated as follows: for N sc The first pilot sequence of length / 4 is used to perform N sc / 4 point DFT, obtain N sc A frequency domain sequence of length 4, #1, is then copied once to obtain N. sc / 2 length DMRS. Assuming that both sequence #1 and DMRS are row vectors, DMRS can be written in matrix form as [sequence #1 sequence #1].

[0223] Similarly, to generate the first data for frequency division, we can perform a calculation on N. sc A data sequence of length 4 is used to perform N operations. sc / 4 point DFT, obtain N sc / 4-length frequency domain sequence #2; since time-domain cyclic shift corresponds to frequency-domain phase ramping, then N sc The / 2 long-frequency division multiple data signal 1 can be written in matrix form as follows:

[0224] P.*[Frequency Domain Sequence #2 Frequency Domain Sequence #2]

[0225] In this context, both frequency-division data signal 1 and frequency domain sequence #2 are row vectors, where P is a vector of length N. sc The row vector P is 2 / 2, where ".*" represents the dot product. The l-th element of vector P is...

[0226] In another example, DMRS can be obtained by copying the second pilot sequence once. Referring to Figure 9B, the second pilot sequence can be, for example, a ZC sequence or a CGS sequence. The length of the second pilot sequence is N. sc / 4, after being copied once, results in a length of N. sc / 2 DMRS. The first data of the frequency division can be generated according to the example shown in Figure 9A, which will not be described in detail here.

[0227] In other embodiments, when the bitrate is greater than or equal to a first threshold, DMRS and first data FDM are used; when the bitrate is less than the first threshold, DMRS and first data FDM+TDM are used. When the bitrate is less than the first threshold but greater than or equal to a second threshold, TMD1 is used; when the bitrate is less than the second threshold, TDM2 is used. In Embodiment 2, it is assumed that the bitrate is less than the first threshold, and DMRS and first data FDM+TDM are used. Different TDM schemes are described below.

[0228] Assume the DMRS frequency density is 1 / 3, meaning one DMRS is placed every two subcarriers. Assume the transmission bandwidth corresponds to N. sc N subcarriers, since the DMRS frequency domain density is 1 / 3, therefore N scThree subcarriers are used to transmit DMRS sequences.

[0229] TDM1: The time-domain density of DMRS in TDM1 is 1 / 2.

[0230] In one example, DMRS is obtained by performing a DFT on the first pilot sequence. The first pilot sequence can be, for example, a pi / 2-BPSK symbol sequence or a CGS sequence. An N is generated. sc The first pilot sequence is of length / 6, and then it is upsampled by a sampling factor of 2, i.e., a 0 is inserted between two pilots, resulting in a sequence of length N. sc The sequence of / 3 (denoted as sequence 1) is then subjected to N. sc / 3 point DFT, obtain N sc / 3 long DMRS sequence.

[0231] In this example, to generate the first data of the frequency division, a data of length N can be generated. sc A data sequence of length N is taken, and then upsampled by a sampling factor of 2, i.e., a 0 is inserted between two symbols, to obtain a data sequence of length N. sc A data sequence of length / 3 (denoted as sequence 1_1). Perform a circular shift of 1 on sequence 1_1 to obtain sequence 2. Then perform N... sc / 3 point DFT, obtain N sc / 3 Long Frequency Division Data Signal 1.

[0232] Referring to Figure 10A, from a time perspective, N sc / 6 long pilot sequence and N sc A data sequence of length N is time-division multiplexed to obtain a sequence of length N. sc A 3-length multiplexed sequence. From the frequency domain perspective, N sc / 3 long DMRS occupies N sc / 3 sub-loads, N sc / 3 long frequency division data signal 1 occupies N sc / 3 subcarriers, with the remaining 1 / 3 subcarriers left unused.

[0233] In this embodiment of the application, the power of the vacant subcarriers can be allocated to the DMRS sequence and data in a certain proportion. For example:

[0234] 1) All power is allocated to DMRS, that is, 2 / 3 of the power is allocated to DMRS sequences, while 1 / 3 of the power is allocated to data.

[0235] 2) All power is allocated to the data, meaning that 2 / 3 of the power is allocated to the data, while 1 / 3 of the power is allocated to the DMRS sequence.

[0236] 3) The power is evenly distributed between the DMRS and the data, meaning that the power allocated to the data is 1 / 2, while the power allocated to the DMRS sequence is 1 / 2.

[0237] In another example, DMRS is obtained by copying the second pilot sequence once, as shown in Figure 10B. The second pilot sequence can be, for example, a ZC sequence or a CGS sequence. The length of the second pilot sequence is N. sc / 6, after being copied once, results in a length of N. sc / 3 DMRS sequence. In this example, the generation method of the first data of the frequency division can be implemented with reference to the embodiment shown in Figure 10A, which will not be repeated here.

[0238] TDM2: The temporal density of DMRS in TDM2 is 1 / 3.

[0239] In one example, DMRS is obtained by performing a DFT on the first pilot sequence. The first pilot sequence can be, for example, a pi / 2-BPSK symbol sequence, or a computer-generated sequence (CGS). An N is generated. sc The first pilot sequence is of length / 9, and then it is upsampled by a sampling factor of 3, that is, two zeros are inserted between the two pilots, resulting in a sequence of length N. sc The sequence of / 3 (denoted as sequence 1) is then subjected to N. sc / 3 point DFT, obtain N sc / 3 long DMRS sequence.

[0240] In this example, to generate the first data of the frequency division, a data of length N can be generated. sc A data sequence of length N is taken, and then upsampled by a sampling factor of 3, i.e., two zeros are inserted between two symbols, to obtain a data sequence of length N. sc A data sequence of length / 3 (denoted as sequence 1_1). Perform a circular shift of 1 on sequence 1_1 to obtain sequence 2. Then perform N... sc / 3 point DFT, obtain N sc / 3 Long Frequency Division Data Signal 1.

[0241] In this example, a second set of frequency-divided data can also be generated. First, a data set of length N is generated. sc The data sequence is 2 of length / 9, and then it is upsampled by a sampling factor of 3, that is, two zeros are inserted between two symbols, resulting in a data sequence of length N. sc A data sequence of length / 3 (denoted as sequence 2_1). Perform a circular shift of 2 on sequence 2_1 to obtain sequence 3. Then perform N... sc / 3 point DFT, obtain N sc / 3 Long frequency division data signal 2.

[0242] Referring to Figure 10C, from a time perspective, N sc / 9 long pilot sequence and two N-length pilot sequences sc The data sequences 1 and 2 of length / 9 are time-division multiplexed to obtain a sequence of length N. sc / 3 long reused sequence.

[0243] In another example, DMRS is obtained by copying the second pilot sequence once, as shown in Figure 10D. The second pilot sequence can be, for example, a ZC sequence or a CGS sequence. The length of the second pilot sequence is N. sc / 9, after being copied twice, results in a length of N. sc / 3 DMRS sequence.

[0244] It should be noted that the first and second data mentioned above can be the same data, different redundant versions of the same data, or different data.

[0245] In the above embodiment 2, the data volume for DMRS and the first data FDM is: For DMRS and the first data FDM+TDM1, the data volume is For DMRS and the first data FDM+TDM2, the data volume is

[0246] In some embodiments, when the bitrate is greater than or equal to a first threshold, DMRS and first data FDM are used; when the bitrate is less than the first threshold, DMRS and first data FDM+TDM are used. When the bitrate is less than the first threshold but greater than or equal to a second threshold, TMD1 is used; when the bitrate is less than the second threshold, TDM2 is used. In embodiment 3, it is assumed that the bitrate is less than the first threshold, and DMRS and first data FDM+TDM are used. Different TDM schemes are described below.

[0247] Assume the DMRS frequency density is 1 / 4, meaning one DMRS is placed every three subcarriers. Assume the transmission bandwidth corresponds to N. sc N subcarriers, since the DMRS frequency domain density is 1 / 4, therefore N sc Four subcarriers are used to transmit DMRS sequences.

[0248] TDM1: The time-domain density of DMRS in TDM1 is 1 / 3.

[0249] In one example, DMRS is obtained by performing a DFT on the first pilot sequence. The first pilot sequence can be, for example, a pi / 2-BPSK symbol sequence or a CGS sequence. An N is generated. sc The first pilot sequence is of length / 12, and then it is upsampled by a sampling factor of 3, that is, two zeros are inserted between the two pilots, resulting in a sequence of length N. scThe sequence of / 4 (denoted as sequence 1) is then subjected to N. sc / 4 point DFT, obtain N sc / 4 long DMRS sequence.

[0250] In this example, to generate the first data of the frequency division, a data of length N can be generated. sc A data sequence of length N is taken, and then upsampled by a sampling factor of 3, i.e., two zeros are inserted between two symbols, resulting in a sequence of length N. sc A data sequence of length / 4 (denoted as sequence 1_1). Perform a circular shift of 1 on sequence 1_1 to obtain sequence 2. Then perform N... sc / 4 point DFT, obtain N sc / 4 long frequency division data signal 1.

[0251] In this example, a second set of frequency-divided data can also be generated. For example, generating a data set of length N. sc The data sequence 2 is of length 12. Then, it is upsampled by an upsampling factor of 3, that is, two zeros are inserted between two symbols, resulting in a data sequence of length N. sc A data sequence of length 4 (denoted as sequence 2_1) is processed by a circular shift of 2 to obtain sequence 3. Then, sequence 3 is processed by N... sc / 4 point DFT, obtain N sc / 4 long frequency division data signal 2.

[0252] It should be noted that the first and second data mentioned above can be the same data, different redundant versions of the same data, or different data.

[0253] Referring to Figure 11, from a time perspective, N sc / 12 long pilot sequence and two N-length pilot sequences sc Time-division multiplexing of a data sequence of length N results in a sequence of length N. sc A 4 / 4 length multiplexed sequence. In the frequency domain, N sc / 4 long DMRS sequences occupy N sc / 4 subcarriers, data signal 1 and data signal 2 each occupy N. sc Four-quarters of the subcarriers are used, leaving one-quarter unused. The power of the unused subcarriers can be allocated proportionally to DMRS sequences and data. For example:

[0254] 1) All power is allocated to DMRS, that is, the power allocation to DMRS sequence is 2 / 4, while the power allocation to data signal 1 and data signal 2 is 1 / 4 each.

[0255] 2) All power is allocated to data, that is, the power allocation to data signal 1 and data signal 2 is 3 / 8 each, while the power allocation to the DMRS sequence is 1 / 4.

[0256] 3) The power is evenly distributed to DMRS and data, that is, the power allocation to data signal 1 and data signal 2 is 1 / 3 each, while the power allocation to DMRS sequence is 1 / 3.

[0257] In another example, DMRS is obtained by copying the second pilot sequence once. The second pilot sequence can be, for example, a ZC sequence or a CGS sequence. The length of the second pilot sequence is N. sc / 12, after being copied twice, results in a length of N. sc / 4 DMRS sequence. In this example, the generation method of the first and second frequency division data can be implemented with reference to the embodiment shown in Figure 11, which will not be repeated here.

[0258] TDM2: The temporal density of DMRS in TDM2 is 1 / 4.

[0259] In one example, the DMR column is obtained by performing a DFT on the first pilot sequence. The first pilot sequence can be, for example, a pi / 2-BPSK symbol sequence or a computer-generated sequence (CGS). An N is generated. sc The first pilot sequence is of length N / 16. Then, it is upsampled by a sampling factor of 4, i.e., three zeros are inserted between the two pilots, resulting in a sequence of length N. sc The sequence of / 4 (denoted as sequence 1) is then subjected to N. sc / 4 point DFT, obtain N sc / 4 long DMRS sequence.

[0260] In this example, to generate the first data of the frequency division, a data of length N can be generated. sc A data sequence of length 1 is taken, and then upsampled by a sampling factor of 4, i.e., three zeros are inserted between two symbols, resulting in a data sequence of length N. sc A data sequence of length / 4 (denoted as sequence 1_1). Perform a circular shift of 1 on sequence 1_1 to obtain sequence 2. Then perform N... sc / 4 point DFT, obtain N sc / 4 Long Frequency Division Data Signal 1.

[0261] In this example, a second set of frequency-divided data can also be generated. For example, generating a data set of length N. sc The data sequence 2 is of length 16. Then, it is upsampled by an upsampling factor of 4, that is, three zeros are inserted between two symbols, resulting in a data sequence of length N. scA data sequence of length 4 (denoted as sequence 2_1) is processed by a circular shift of 2 to obtain sequence 3. Then, sequence 3 is processed by N... sc / 4 point DFT, obtain N sc / 4 Long Frequency Division Data Signal 2.

[0262] In this example, third data of frequency division can also be generated. For example, generating a length N sc A data sequence of length N is taken as 3, and then upsampled by a sampling factor of 4, i.e., three zeros are inserted between two symbols, resulting in a sequence of length N. sc A data sequence of length 4 (denoted as sequence 3_1) is processed by a circular shift of 3, resulting in sequence 4. Then, sequence 4 is processed by N... sc / 4 point DFT, obtain N sc / 4 Long frequency division data signal 3.

[0263] It should be noted that the first, second, and third data mentioned above can be the same data, different redundant versions of the same data, or different data.

[0264] In terms of time, N sc / 16 long pilot sequence and 3 N long pilot sequences sc Time-division multiplexing a data sequence of length N / 16 results in a sequence of length N. sc / 4 long reused sequence.

[0265] In another example, DMRS is obtained by copying the second pilot sequence three times. The second pilot sequence can be, for example, a ZC sequence or a CGS sequence. The length of the second pilot sequence is N. sc / 16, after being copied 3 times, results in a length of N. sc / 4 DMRS sequence. The first, second, and third data of the frequency division can be generated with reference to the embodiment shown in Figure 11.

[0266] In Example 3, for the DMRS and the first data FDM scheme, the data volume is... For DMRS and the first data FDM+TDM 1, the data volume is For DMRS and the first data FDM+TDM2, the data volume is

[0267] As can be seen from the previous three examples, the smaller the frequency domain density of the DMRS, the smaller the difference in spectral efficiency between TDM2 and TDM1. For example, when the frequency domain density of the DMRS is 1 / 3, the amount of data transmitted by TDM1 is... The amount of data transmitted by TDM2 is The gap is When the frequency domain density of DMRS is 1 / 4, the amount of data transmitted by TDM1 is: The amount of data transmitted by TDM2 is The gap is Therefore, TDM1 can operate at higher bit rates.

[0268] Based on the concept of the above embodiments, and referring to FIG12, this application provides a communication device 1200, which includes a processing unit 1201 and a transceiver unit 1202. The device 1200 can be a communication device, or it can be an apparatus applied to a communication device that supports the communication device in performing data transmission methods.

[0269] The transceiver unit can also be referred to as a transceiver module, transceiver, transceiver machine, transceiver device, etc. The processing unit can also be referred to as a processor, processing board, processing unit, processing device, etc. Optionally, the device in the transceiver unit used to implement the receiving function can be considered as a receiving unit. It should be understood that the transceiver unit is used to execute the sending and receiving operations of the communication device in the above method embodiments, and the device in the transceiver unit used to implement the sending function can be considered as a sending unit; that is, the transceiver unit includes a receiving unit and a sending unit.

[0270] Furthermore, it should be noted that if the device is implemented using a chip / chip circuit, the transceiver unit can be an input / output circuit and / or a communication interface, performing input operations (corresponding to the aforementioned receiving operations) and output operations (corresponding to the aforementioned sending operations); the processing unit is an integrated processor, microprocessor, or integrated circuit.

[0271] The following describes in detail the implementation of the device 1200 in the first communication device and the second communication device.

[0272] By way of example, when the device 1200 is applied to a first communication device, the operations performed by its various units will be described in detail.

[0273] In one optional implementation, the communication device 1200 can be applied to a first communication device to execute the method performed by the first communication device, specifically, for example, the method performed by the first communication device in the embodiment shown in FIG7.

[0274] For example, processing unit 1201 is used to acquire a first sequence, the first sequence including first data and DMRS. Transceiver unit 1202 is used to transmit the first sequence. Wherein, when the code rate of the first data is greater than or equal to a first threshold, the time unit occupied by the first data is the same as the time unit occupied by the DMRS, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the DMRS do not overlap. Alternatively, when the code rate of the first data is less than the first threshold, the time unit occupied by the first data and the time unit occupied by the DMRS do not overlap, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the DMRS do not overlap.

[0275] By way of example, when the device 1200 is applied to a second communication device, the operations performed by its various units will be described in detail.

[0276] In one optional implementation, the communication device 1200 can be applied to a second communication device to execute the method performed by the second communication device, specifically, for example, the method performed by the second communication device in the embodiment shown in FIG7.

[0277] For example, transceiver unit 1202 is used to receive a first sequence, which includes first data and a demodulation reference signal (DMRS). When the code rate of the first data is greater than or equal to a first threshold, the time units occupied by the first data are the same as the time units occupied by the DMRS, but the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the DMRS are different. Alternatively, when the code rate of the first data is less than the first threshold, the time units occupied by the first data and the DMRS are different, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the DMRS are different. The first threshold is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1. Processing unit 1201 is used to acquire the first data.

[0278] Based on the concept of the embodiments, as shown in FIG13, this application provides a communication device 1300. The communication device 1300 includes a processor 1310. Optionally, the communication device 1300 may further include a memory 1320 for storing instructions executed by the processor 1310, or storing input data required for the processor 1310 to execute instructions, or storing data generated after the processor 1310 executes instructions. The processor 1310 can implement the method shown in the above method embodiments through the instructions stored in the memory 1320.

[0279] Based on the concept of the embodiments, as shown in FIG14, this application provides a communication device 1400, which may be a chip or a chip system. Optionally, in this application embodiment, the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0280] The communication device 1400 may include at least one processor 1410 coupled to a memory, which may optionally be located within or outside the device. For example, the communication device 1400 may also include at least one memory 1420. The memory 1420 stores computer programs, configuration information, computer programs or instructions, and / or data necessary for implementing any of the above embodiments; the processor 1410 may execute the computer programs stored in the memory 1420 to perform the methods in any of the above embodiments. Optionally, the memory may also be integrated with the processor.

[0281] The coupling in this embodiment is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units, or modules, which can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms, used for information exchange between devices, units, or modules. The processor 1410 may operate in conjunction with the memory 1420. This embodiment does not limit the specific connection medium between the transceiver 1430, processor 1410, and memory 1420.

[0282] The communication device 1400 may also include a transceiver 1430, through which the communication device 1400 can interact with other devices. The transceiver 1430 may be a circuit, a bus, a transceiver, or any other device that can be used for information interaction, or a signal transceiver unit. As shown in Figure 14, the transceiver 1430 includes a transmitter 1431, a receiver 1432, and an antenna 1433. Furthermore, when the communication device 1400 is a chip-type device or circuit, the transceiver in the communication device 1400 may also be an input / output circuit and / or a communication interface, capable of inputting data (or receiving data) and outputting data (or transmitting data). The processor may be an integrated processor, a microprocessor, or an integrated circuit, and the processor can determine the output data based on the input data.

[0283] In one possible implementation, the communication device 1400 can be applied to a communication device. Specifically, the communication device 1400 can be a communication device itself, or it can be a device capable of supporting a communication device and implementing the functions of the first or second communication device in any of the above embodiments. The memory 1420 stores the necessary computer programs, computer programs or instructions and / or data for implementing the functions of the first or second communication device in any of the above embodiments. The processor 1410 can execute the computer program stored in the memory 1420 to complete the method performed by the first or second communication device in any of the above embodiments.

[0284] In the embodiments of this application, the processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components, and may implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly manifested as being executed by a hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0285] In the embodiments of this application, the memory can be non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), or it can be volatile memory, such as random-access memory (RAM). The memory can also be any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures, and accessible by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory in the embodiments of this application can also be a circuit or any other device capable of implementing storage functions, used to store computer programs, computer program or instruction and / or data.

[0286] Based on the above embodiments, referring to FIG15, this application embodiment also provides another communication device 1500, including: an input / output interface 1510 and a logic circuit 1520; the input / output interface 1510 is used to receive code instructions and transmit them to the logic circuit 1520; the logic circuit 1520 is used to run the code instructions to execute the method executed by the first communication device or the second communication device in any of the above embodiments.

[0287] The following is a detailed description of the operation performed by the device 1500 when applied to a first communication device or a second communication device.

[0288] In one optional implementation, the communication device 1500 can be applied to a first communication device to execute the method performed by the first communication device, specifically, for example, the method performed by the first communication device in the embodiment shown in FIG7.

[0289] For example, logic circuit 1520 is used to acquire a first sequence, which includes first data and DMRS. Input / output interface 1510 is used to output the first sequence. Wherein, when the code rate of the first data is greater than or equal to a first threshold, the time units occupied by the first data and the time units occupied by the DMRS are the same, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the DMRS do not overlap. Alternatively, when the code rate of the first data is less than the first threshold, the time units occupied by the first data and the time units occupied by the DMRS do not overlap, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the DMRS do not overlap.

[0290] Since the communication device 1500 provided in this embodiment can be applied to the first communication device to execute the method performed by the first communication device, the technical effects it can achieve can be referred to the above method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0291] In one optional implementation, the communication device 1500 can be applied to a second communication device to execute the method performed by the second communication device, specifically, for example, the method performed by the second communication device in the embodiment shown in FIG7.

[0292] For example, input / output interface 1510 is used to input a first sequence, which includes first data and a demodulation reference signal DMRS. When the code rate of the first data is greater than or equal to a first threshold, the time units occupied by the first data are the same as the time units occupied by the DMRS, but the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the DMRS are different. Alternatively, when the code rate of the first data is less than the first threshold, the time units occupied by the first data and the DMRS are different, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the DMRS are different. The first threshold is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1. Logic circuit 1520 is used to acquire the first data.

[0293] Since the communication device 1500 provided in this embodiment can be applied to a second communication device to execute the method performed by the second communication device, the technical effects it can achieve can be referred to the above method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0294] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a communication system, which includes at least one second communication device and at least one first communication device. The technical effects obtained can be referred to the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0295] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions. When the instructions are executed, the method performed by the communication device in any of the above embodiments is implemented. The computer-readable storage medium may include various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, portable hard drive, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0296] To achieve the functions of the communication devices shown in Figures 12-15, this application embodiment also provides a chip, including a processor, for supporting the communication device in implementing the functions involved in the first or second communication device in the above method embodiments. In one possible design, the chip is connected to a memory or the chip includes a memory for storing necessary computer programs, instructions, and data for the first or second communication device.

[0297] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0298] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer programs or instructions. These computer programs or instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in one or more blocks of the flowchart illustrations and / or one or more blocks of the block diagrams.

[0299] These computer programs or instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means that implement the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0300] These computer programs or instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, such that the instructions, which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus, provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, characterized in that, include: Acquire a first sequence, the first sequence including first data and demodulation reference signal DMRS; Send the first sequence; Wherein, when the bit rate of the first data is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the time unit occupied by the first data is the same as the time unit occupied by the DMRS, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the DMRS do not overlap; or, when the bit rate of the first data is less than the first threshold, the time unit occupied by the first data and the time unit occupied by the DMRS do not overlap, and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the first data and the frequency domain resource units occupied by the DMRS do not overlap.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Receive the first instruction message; The first indication information indicates the ratio between the Energy Per Resource Unit (EPRE) of the first data and the EPRE of the DMRS.

3. A data transmission method, characterized in that, include: Receive a first sequence, the first sequence including first data and a demodulation reference signal DMRS; Wherein, when the bit rate of the first data is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the time unit occupied by the first data is the same as the time unit occupied by the DMRS, and the frequency domain resource unit occupied by the first data is different from the frequency domain resource unit occupied by the DMRS; or, when the bit rate of the first data is less than the first threshold, the time unit occupied by the first data is different from the time unit occupied by the DMRS, and the frequency domain resource unit occupied by the first data is different from the frequency domain resource unit occupied by the DMRS; the first threshold is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: Send the first instruction message; The first indication information indicates the ratio between the Energy Per Resource Unit (EPRE) of the first data and the EPRE of the DMRS.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first threshold is a preset value.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, When the bitrate is less than the first threshold and greater than or equal to the second threshold, the temporal density of the DMRS is the first temporal density; when the bitrate is less than the second threshold, the temporal density of the DMRS is the second temporal density; and the first temporal density is greater than the second temporal density. The time-domain density indicates the distribution of time units occupied by the DMRS in the time domain, and the second threshold is less than the first threshold.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The time-domain density of the DMRS is 1 / Y, and the frequency-domain density of the DMRS is 1 / X. The distribution of time units occupied by the DMRS includes mapping one DMRS every Y-1 time units, where Y is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the frequency domain density of the DMRS indicates that one DMRS is mapped every X-1 frequency domain resource units, where X is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The Y is related to the X.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, When X equals 2, Y equals 2; or, when X equals 3, Y equals 2 or 3; or, when X equals 4, Y equals 2, 3, or 4.

10. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that, When X is greater than 2 and Y is less than X, the EPRE of the first data and the EPRE of the DMRS are the same; or, when X is greater than 2 and Y is less than X, the EPRE of the first data is less than the EPRE of the DMRS; or, when X is greater than 2 and Y is less than X, the EPRE of the first data is greater than the EPRE of the DMRS.

11. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that, When X equals Y, the EPRE of the first data and the EPRE of the DMRS are the same.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The first threshold when the modulation order of the first data is Q1 is less than or equal to the first threshold when the modulation order of the first data is Q2; Q1 is greater than Q2.

13. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that, The first threshold when X equals X1 is less than or equal to the first threshold when X equals X2; X1 is greater than X2.

14. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 13, characterized in that, The second threshold when X equals X1 is greater than or equal to the second threshold when X2; X1 is greater than X2.

15. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that, The second threshold when the modulation order of the first data is Q1 is less than or equal to the second threshold when the modulation order of the first data is Q2; Q1 is greater than Q2.

16. A communication device, characterized in that, include: A processor coupled to a memory for storing a program or instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the method as described in any one of claims 1, 2, 5 to 15 to be implemented, or cause the method as described in any one of claims 3 to 15 to be implemented.

17. A chip system, characterized in that, The chip system includes: Communication interface; A processor is configured to invoke and execute the instructions via the communication interface, such that the method as described in any one of claims 1, 2, 5 to 15 is implemented, or that the method as described in any one of claims 3 to 15 is implemented.

18. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions that, when invoked by an electronic device, cause the method as described in any one of claims 1, 2, 5 to 15 to be implemented, or cause the method as described in any one of claims 3 to 15 to be implemented.

19. A computer program product, characterized in that, It includes computer execution instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the method as described in any one of claims 1, 2, 5 to 15 to be implemented, or cause the method as described in any one of claims 3 to 15 to be implemented.

Images