Optical transceiver module, detection apparatus, lidar, and terminal device

Abstract

An optical transceiver module (100), a detection apparatus, a lidar (20), and a terminal device (10), relating to the field of optical devices, and for improving the walk-off effect of optical transmitting modules. The optical transceiver module (100) comprises a first functional layer (110) and a second functional layer (120) arranged in a first direction. The first functional layer (110) comprises a plurality of transmitting cores (111) arranged in a second direction. The second functional layer (120) comprises a plurality of receiving cores (121) arranged in the second direction. The transmitting cores (111) are used for outputting light beams. A first receiving core (302) among the plurality of receiving cores (121) is used for receiving the light beam from a first transmitting core (301) among the plurality of transmitting cores (111). The optical transceiver module (100) has a multi-transmit multi-receive (also referred to as multi-channel) function. Multiple channels can be integrated on a single chip, effectively mitigating the walk-off effect in the first direction. The polarization directions of received and transmitted light beams are different, thereby providing transceiver isolation.

Description

Optical transceiver assembly, detection device, laser radar and terminal device

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202410829784.2, filed on June 24, 2024, entitled “Optical transceiver assembly, detection device, laser radar and terminal device”, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of optical devices, and in particular to an optical transceiver assembly, a detection device, a laser radar and a terminal device. BACKGROUND

[0003] With the development of remote sensing technology, intelligent robots and autonomous driving industries, laser radar (Lidar) has become one of the important instruments in three-dimensional perception systems. Laser radar emits laser to the detection target, and then collects the light signal reflected by the target by the receiver, and determines the distance of the target by measuring the round-trip time of the emitted signal. The ranging principle of laser radar is to measure the time difference between the emitted light and the received light (also known as the time of flight of light) to measure the distance of the target from the light source.

[0004] Frequency modulation continuous wave (FMCW) technology is a relatively mature scheme for laser radar. It mainly includes an optical transceiver assembly and a rotating mirror. The optical transceiver assembly emits a light beam, and the rotating mirror scans the light beam. The optical transceiver assembly mixes the return light with the local oscillator light; when the mirror moves at a certain angular velocity, the lens focuses the light spot in the optical transceiver assembly will also have a position shift relative to the light spot when the mirror is stationary. When the angular velocity of the mirror is large, the shift will increase, and the optical coupling efficiency will decrease significantly. Basically, the ability to receive return light (signal light) is lost, which is the walk-off effect.

[0005] Therefore, improving the walk-off effect of the optical emission assembly is a problem to be solved by the present application. SUMMARY

[0006] Embodiments of the present application provide an optical transceiver assembly, a detection device, a laser radar and a terminal device, which aim to improve the walk-off effect of the optical emission assembly.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions.

[0008] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an optical transceiver assembly. The optical transceiver assembly includes a cladding, and a first functional layer and a second functional layer arranged along a first direction. The first functional layer includes a plurality of transmitting cores arranged along a second direction, and each of the plurality of transmitting cores is embedded in the cladding and configured to output a light beam. The second functional layer includes a plurality of receiving cores arranged along the second direction, and each of the plurality of receiving cores is embedded in the cladding; and a first receiving core of the plurality of receiving cores is configured to receive a light beam from a transmitting core of the plurality of transmitting cores corresponding to the first receiving core. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. In this way, the plurality of transmitting cores are located in the same first functional layer, and the plurality of receiving cores are located in the same second functional layer. The plurality of transmitting cores can simultaneously transmit optical signals. The optical transceiver assembly has a multi-transmitting and multi-receiving (also referred to as multi-channel) function, and the number of transmitting cores has little effect on the thickness of the cladding. The optical transceiver assembly has high integration. A plurality of channels can be monolithically integrated. In addition, since the first functional layer and the second functional layer are arranged along the first direction, the transmitting cores and the receiving cores are arranged along the first direction. The walk-off effect along the first direction can be effectively reduced.

[0009] The first functional layer includes the plurality of transmitting cores. The first functional layer is formed by the same process. The second functional layer includes the plurality of receiving cores, and the second functional layer is formed by the same process.

[0010] The refractive index of the transmitting core is greater than the refractive index of the cladding, and the light beam is output from the end face of the transmitting core after being transmitted in the transmitting core. The refractive index of the receiving core is greater than the refractive index of the cladding, so that the light beam is received by the end face of the receiving core and then transmitted in the receiving core.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect described above, in some implementable manners of embodiments of the present application, a second receiving core of the plurality of receiving cores is configured to receive a light beam from a transmitting core of the plurality of transmitting cores corresponding to the second receiving core. A third receiving core of the plurality of receiving cores is configured to receive a light beam from a transmitting core of the plurality of transmitting cores corresponding to the third receiving core.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect described above, in some implementable manners of embodiments of the present application, along the first direction, a projection of the first receiving core and a projection of the transmitting core corresponding to the first receiving core at least partially overlap. In this way, when the optical signal is offset or walks off along the first direction, the first receiving core can receive the offset or walked-off mode spot, so as to accurately receive the optical signal and improve the efficiency of the optical transceiver assembly.

[0013] In some possible implementation manners of the first aspect, the optical transceiver assembly comprises: a plurality of the second functional layers, and a first receiving core of any one of the plurality of the second functional layers is configured to receive the light beam from the corresponding transmitting core. The optical transceiver assembly has a plurality of first receiving cores for receiving light beams in one channel, which can better improve the walk-off effect and improve the efficiency of the optical transceiver assembly. In addition, the plurality of second functional layers can expand the field of view of the optical transceiver assembly, thereby reducing the influence of the walk-off effect, and improving the detection probability of the echo when the measured object is far away.

[0014] In some possible implementation manners of the first aspect, along the first direction, the projection of the first receiving core of at least two of the second functional layers overlaps at least part of the projection of the corresponding transmitting core. In this way, when the light beam walks off along the first direction, the first receiving core of the plurality of second functional layers can improve the coupling efficiency of the light beam and improve the detection efficiency.

[0015] In some possible implementation manners of the first aspect, the optical transceiver assembly further comprises: an M*N power distribution device, the M*N power distribution device comprises M input ports and N output ports, one of the M input ports is configured to receive the light beam from one of the first receiving cores, and the light beam is emitted from at least one of the N output ports, and M and N are both natural numbers greater than or equal to 1. In this way, in the embodiment in which the optical transceiver assembly has a plurality of second functional layers, the M*N power distribution device can perform power distribution on the light beam received by the first receiving core. The efficiency of the light beam received by the first receiving core is adjusted. Better walk-off compensation effect can be achieved.

[0016] In some possible implementation manners of the first aspect, the optical transceiver assembly further comprises: an A*B power distribution device, the A*B power distribution device has A input ports and B output ports, at least one of the A input ports is configured to receive the light beam, and the light beam is emitted from at least one of the B output ports to the transmitting core, and A and B are both natural numbers greater than or equal to 1. In this way, the A*B power distribution device can perform power distribution on the light beam entering the transmitting core. The efficiency of the light beam output by the transmitting core is adjusted, and better walk-off compensation effect can be achieved.

[0017] In some possible implementation manners of the first aspect, the optical transceiver assembly further comprises: an optical amplifier, the optical amplifier is configured to amplify the optical signal and transmit the optical signal to the transmitting core. In this way, the optical signal before being transmitted to the transmitting core is amplified in power by the optical amplifier, and the power of the light beam received by the first receiving core is improved.

[0018] In some possible implementation manners of the first aspect, distances between output ends of the transmission cores corresponding to the first receiving core and input ends of the first receiving core along a third direction are greater than zero, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other in pairs.

[0019] In some possible implementation manners of the first aspect, distances between centers of the transmission cores corresponding to the first receiving core and centers of the first receiving core along the first direction are greater than or equal to 3 μm. In this way, the transmission cores corresponding to the first receiving core and the first receiving core have less mutual influence.

[0020] In some possible implementation manners of the first aspect, the optical transceiver assembly further includes a substrate, the substrate is stacked with the cladding along the first direction, and the first functional layer is located between the substrate and the second functional layer, or the second functional layer is located between the substrate and the first functional layer. In this way, the substrate can support the cladding, the first functional layer, and the second functional layer.

[0021] In some possible implementation manners of the first aspect, the transceiver unit further includes a phase adjustment member. The first receiving core for receiving the light beam from the transmission core corresponding to the first receiving core includes that the phase adjustment member is configured to receive the light beam from the transmission core corresponding to the first receiving core, and the phase adjustment member is further configured to transmit the reflected light beam. The first receiving core is configured to receive the light beam transmitted by the phase adjustment member. The phase adjustment member is configured to adjust the polarization direction of the light beam, so that the polarization direction of the light beam emitted by the transmission core corresponding to the first receiving core is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the light beam received by the first receiving core. In this way, the polarization direction of the light beam emitted by the transmission core corresponding to the first receiving core is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the light beam received by the first receiving core. The first receiving core can filter out or filter the light beam having the same polarization direction as the light beam emitted by the transmission core corresponding to the first receiving core. The interference of the signal is reduced, and the isolation of the transceiver is improved. The transceiver efficiency and accuracy of the optical transceiver assembly are improved.

[0022] In some possible implementation manners of the first aspect, the phase adjustment member includes a quarter-wave plate.

[0023] In the second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a detection device. The detection device includes a laser and any one of the optical transceiver assemblies provided in the first aspect, and the laser is configured to output a light beam to the transmission core. Since the optical transceiver assembly can improve the walk-off effect, the detection efficiency of the detection device including the optical transceiver assembly is significantly improved.

[0024] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a laser radar. The laser radar comprises a signal processor and any one of the detection devices provided in the second aspect, and the signal processor is configured to receive the signal of the detection device. Since the detection efficiency of the detection device is improved, the laser radar can be applied to medium and long distance detection.

[0025] In a fourth aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a terminal device. The terminal device comprises a main body and any one of the laser radars provided in the third aspect, and the laser radar is connected to the main body. Since the laser radar is suitable for medium and long distance detection, the terminal device comprising the laser radar has the advantage of medium and long distance detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a terminal device.

[0027] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a laser radar.

[0028] FIG. 3a is a structural schematic diagram of an optical transceiver assembly provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0029] FIG. 3b is a structural schematic diagram of another optical transceiver assembly provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0030] FIG. 4a is a projection schematic diagram of a first transmitting core and a first receiving core provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0031] FIG. 4b is another projection schematic diagram of the first transmitting core and the first receiving core provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0032] FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another optical transceiver assembly provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0033] FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of still another optical transceiver assembly provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0034] FIG. 7 is a sectional view of E-E plane in FIG. 5.

[0035] FIG. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of F-F plane in FIG. 3a.

[0036] FIG. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of a polarization conversion element and a first transmitting core provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0037] In the figure: 10-terminal device; 30-main body; 20-laser radar; 201-laser; 202-optical splitter; 203-mixer; 204-lens assembly; 205-beam scanning assembly; 206-controller; 207-photodetector; 208-signal processor; 100-optical transceiver assembly; 110-first functional layer; 111-transmit core; 120-second functional layer; 121-receive core; 130-cladding layer; 102-optical waveguide receiving port; 101-optical waveguide transmitting port; 140-substrate; 160-MxN power distribution device; 161-phase compensator; 170-AxB power distribution device; 180-optical amplifier; 190-polarization conversion element; 200-quarter-wave plate; 001-first reference surface; 002-second reference surface; 301-first transmit core; 302-first receive core. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Hereinafter, the terms "first", "second", and the like are only used for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second", and the like can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0040] In addition, in the present application, the orientation terms such as "upper", "lower", and the like are defined with respect to the orientation in which the components in the drawings are placed, and it should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts, which are used for relative description and clarification, and can be changed accordingly according to the change of the orientation in which the components are placed in the drawings.

[0041] The terminal device provided by the embodiments of the present application may, for example, include a vehicle, an industrial device, a household appliance, an agricultural device, or an entertainment device, etc. The vehicle may, for example, be a vehicle in a broad sense, which can be a manned vehicle (such as a commercial vehicle, a high-speed rail, a passenger car, a motorcycle, a flying car, a train, etc.), an industrial vehicle (such as a forklift, a trailer, a tractor, etc.), an engineering vehicle (such as an excavator, a bulldozer, a crane, etc.), and unmanned equipment may, for example, be a drone, a unmanned boat, a robot, a unmanned patrol vehicle. Agricultural equipment (such as a mower, a harvester, etc.), amusement equipment, a toy vehicle, etc. The household appliance may, for example, be a soybean milk maker, a television, a sweeper, etc. The embodiments of the present application are described by taking a passenger car as an example. In addition, the use scenarios of the terminal device may, for example, be a traffic road, a waterway, a residence, an office, a park, a port, a coal mine, or a factory, etc.

[0042] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device 10. Referring to Fig. 1, the terminal device 10 comprises a main body 30 and a laser radar 20. The laser radar 20 is connected to the main body 30. Taking the terminal device 10 as a vehicle for example, the laser radar 20 can be arranged at the front, the rear, the top or the bottom of the vehicle. The environment around the vehicle is detected by the laser radar, and the image of the environment around the vehicle is obtained, so as to assist the vehicle to travel.

[0043] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the laser radar 20. Referring to Fig. 2, the laser radar 20 comprises a laser 201 and an optical transceiver assembly 100. The laser 201 is used for emitting an optical signal. The optical transceiver assembly 100 is used for emitting the optical signal and receiving the optical signal reflected by a to-be-detected object.

[0044] In Fig. 2, the laser radar 20 can further comprise a beam splitter 202, a frequency mixer 203, the optical transceiver assembly 100, a lens assembly 204, a beam scanning assembly 205, a controller 206, a photodetector 207 and a signal processor 208.

[0045] As shown in Fig. 2, the test principle of the laser radar 20 is as follows: the laser 201 emits polarized light, the beam splitter 202 divides the polarized light from the laser 201 into a first sub-beam and a second sub-beam. The first sub-beam is sent to the optical transceiver assembly 100. The optical transceiver assembly 100 shapes the first sub-beam to obtain a third sub-beam, and emits the third sub-beam to the lens assembly 204. The third sub-beam is shaped by the lens assembly 204, and is transmitted to the to-be-detected object through the beam scanning assembly 205. The third sub-beam is reflected by the to-be-detected object, and is received by the optical transceiver assembly 100 again through the beam scanning assembly 205 and the lens assembly 204. The optical transceiver assembly 100 shapes the third sub-beam to emit a fourth sub-beam. The second sub-beam and the fourth sub-beam are detected by the photodetector 207 after passing through the frequency mixer 203. The distance of the to-be-detected object can be obtained after the signal processor 208 processes the second sub-beam and the fourth sub-beam. The controller 206 is used for controlling the scanning frequency of the beam scanning assembly 205.

[0046] It can be understood that the first sub-beam, the third sub-beam and the fourth sub-beam are all the same signal beam, and the difference lies in that they are in different spaces.

[0047] The polarization directions of the second sub-beam and the fourth sub-beam received by the frequency mixer 203 are the same. For example, in some embodiments of the present application, the polarization direction of the polarized light emitted by the laser 201 is the same as the polarization directions of the second sub-beam and the fourth sub-beam. In some embodiments, a polarization processing element (for example, a half-wave plate) is further arranged between the laser 201 and the beam splitter 202, which changes the polarization direction of the polarized light emitted by the laser 201. Similarly, the light transceiver assembly 100 is also provided with a polarization conversion element, which changes the polarization direction of the polarized light of the first sub-beam or the third sub-beam, so that the polarization directions of the fourth sub-beam and the second sub-beam emitted by the light transceiver assembly 100 are the same.

[0048] For example, the polarized light emitted by the laser 201 can be P (parallel) light or S (senkrecht) light.

[0049] For example, the beam scanning assembly 205 can be a galvanometer or a rotating mirror, and the present application does not limit this.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present application, the laser 201, the beam splitter 202, the frequency mixer 203, and the light transceiver assembly 100 can be integrated on the same substrate, for example, integrated on an optical chip. Alternatively, they can also be assembled on the optical chip by means of mounting. The integration of the laser 201, the beam splitter 202, the frequency mixer 203, and the light transceiver assembly 100 is increased. In some embodiments, the laser 201, the beam splitter 202, the frequency mixer 203, and the light transceiver assembly 100 can be regarded as a detection device.

[0051] At present, the walk-off effect of the light transceiver assembly is more serious, which leads to low detection accuracy of the laser radar. The light transceiver assembly 100 provided by the embodiments of the present application can improve the walk-off effect.

[0052] FIG. 3a is a structural schematic diagram of a light transceiver assembly 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 3a, the light transceiver assembly 100 includes a cladding layer 130, a first functional layer 110, and a second functional layer 120. The first functional layer 110 and the second functional layer 120 are arranged along a first direction. The first functional layer 110 includes a plurality of emitting cores 111, and the plurality of emitting cores 111 are all embedded in the cladding layer 130 and arranged along a second direction. The emitting core 111 is used to output a light beam (for example, the third sub-beam in the foregoing FIG. 2). The second functional layer 120 includes a plurality of receiving cores 121, and the plurality of receiving cores 121 are all embedded in the cladding layer 130 and arranged along the second direction. A first receiving core 302 in the plurality of receiving cores 121 is used to receive a light beam from an emitting core corresponding to the first receiving core 302 in the plurality of emitting cores 111. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0053] Exemplarily, the light beam emitted by one of the plurality of receiving cores 121 is received by one of the plurality of transmitting cores 111.

[0054] In the embodiments of the present application, the transmitting core corresponding to the first receiving core 302 in the plurality of transmitting cores 111 is defined as the first transmitting core 301. In other words, the first transmitting core 301 corresponds to the first receiving core 302. The first receiving core 302 is used to receive the light beam from the first transmitting core 301.

[0055] It can be understood that, in some embodiments, the number of transmitting cores 111 and receiving cores 121 can not be the same. For example, the transmitting core 111 can correspond to a plurality of receiving cores 121. Or, part of the receiving cores 121 can not correspond to the transmitting core 111. Conversely, part of the transmitting cores 111 can not correspond to the receiving core 121.

[0056] It can be understood that the “first receiving core” is one of the plurality of receiving cores, and its structure is the same as that of the remaining receiving cores. The embodiments of the present application only take the first receiving core as an example to illustrate the plurality of receiving cores. Correspondingly, the “first transmitting core” is one of the plurality of transmitting cores.

[0057] Exemplarily, the second receiving core in the plurality of receiving cores 121 is used to receive the light beam from the second transmitting core in the plurality of transmitting cores 111. The second receiving core corresponds to the second transmitting core. The third receiving core in the plurality of receiving cores 121 is used to receive the light beam from the third transmitting core in the plurality of transmitting cores 111. The third receiving core corresponds to the third transmitting core. Wherein, the first transmitting core 301 and the first receiving core 302 are located in the same channel. The second transmitting core and the second receiving core are located in the same channel. The third transmitting core and the third receiving core are located in the same channel, and so on.

[0058] In this way, the plurality of transmitting cores 111 are located in the same first functional layer 110, and the plurality of receiving cores 121 are located in the same second functional layer 120. The plurality of transmitting cores 111 can simultaneously send light signals. The optical transceiver assembly 100 has the function of multiple transmission and multiple reception (also known as multiple channels), and the number of transmitting cores 111 has little effect on the thickness of the cladding layer 130. In other words, the number of transmitting cores 111 increases, the thickness of the first functional layer 110 can remain unchanged, and the thickness of the cladding layer 130 can remain unchanged. The optical transceiver assembly 100 has high integration. Multiple channels can be monolithically integrated. In addition, since the first functional layer 110 and the second functional layer 120 are arranged along the first direction, the transmitting cores 111 and the receiving cores 121 are arranged along the first direction. The walk-off effect along the first direction can be effectively reduced.

[0059] In addition, it is assumed that the arrangement direction of the transmitting core 111 and the receiving core 121 is the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of channels (the second direction in FIG. 3a). In order to receive the walking-off light spot, the light spot needs to pass through the optical device for converting the walking-off direction of the light spot before being received by the channel. However, in the present application, the transmitting core 111 and the receiving core 121 in the channel are arranged along the first direction, and the light beam output by the transmitting core 111 can be received by the receiving core 121 without conversion of the walking-off direction. The foregoing optical device for converting the walking-off direction of the light spot is saved, which is conducive to reducing the volume and cost of the optical transceiver assembly 100.

[0060] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the arrangement direction (the second direction) of the plurality of transmitting cores 111 is perpendicular to the arrangement direction (the first direction) of the first functional layer 110 and the second functional layer 120, and the foregoing optical device for converting the walking-off direction of the light spot is not required. The cost is reduced. In the embodiments of the present application, the transmitting core 111 and the receiving core 121 in the channel are arranged along the first direction. The propagation path of the light beam from the transmitting core 111 to the object to be measured is different from the propagation path from the object to be measured to the receiving core 121. The optical axes of the two propagation paths are different, and the included angle between the two optical axes is small, which can be regarded as a micro-off-axis system. The micro-off-axis can further reduce the stray light caused by the end face reflection of the transmitting core 111 and the receiving core 121. The micro-off-axis can fine-tune the positions of the mode spots of the receiving core 121 and the transmitting core 111 on the optical axis, and realize free control of the defocusing amount of the receiving light path.

[0061] The foregoing perpendicularity between the first direction and the second direction can allow the existence of manufacturing errors and assembly errors, for example, the included angle between the first direction and the second direction is 88°-92°, for example, which can be 88°, 89°, 90°, 91°, 92°, etc. The remaining descriptions about the perpendicularity herein are the same, and will not be repeated hereinafter.

[0062] As described above, the transmitting core 111 is used to output a light beam, and the transmitting core 111 and the cladding 130 embedding the transmitting core 111 can be regarded as an optical waveguide transmitting port 101 of the optical transceiver assembly 100. In some embodiments, the optical waveguide transmitting port 101 is also referred to as an optical waveguide transmitter. The optical waveguide transmitting port 101 is used to convert the optical mode spot in the optical waveguide (such as an optical fiber) and then output to the space. In other words, the optical waveguide transmitting port 101 can be regarded as a mode spot converter for converting the optical signal from the optical waveguide to the spatial light.

[0063] Correspondingly, the receiving core 121 is configured to receive the light beam. The receiving core 121 and the cladding 130 embedding the receiving core 121 can be regarded as a light waveguide receiving port 102 of the light transceiver assembly 100. In some embodiments, the light waveguide receiving port 102 is also referred to as a light waveguide receiver. The light waveguide receiving port 102 is configured to receive a light signal in space and perform light mode spot conversion into a light waveguide (e.g., an optical fiber). In other words, the light waveguide receiving port 102 can be regarded as a mode spot converter for converting a light signal from space light into a light waveguide.

[0064] The foregoing receiving core 121 is configured to receive the light beam from the transmitting core 111, which is not limited to that the receiving core 121 directly receives the light beam from the transmitting core 111. In some embodiments, the light beam output by the transmitting core 111 is transmitted to the object to be measured through the lens assembly 204 and the light beam scanning assembly 205 in FIG. 2, reflected by the object to be measured, and then received by the receiving core 121 again through the light beam scanning assembly 205 and the lens assembly 204.

[0065] The distance between the first functional layer 110 and the second functional layer 120 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The distance can be set according to the mode or pattern of the light signal transmitted between the transmitting core 111 and the receiving core 121.

[0066] For example, in some embodiments of the present application, the distance b between the center of the transmitting core 111 and the center of the receiving core 121 is greater than or equal to 3 μm. In this way, the transmitting core 111 and the receiving core 121 have less mutual influence, the transceiver isolation is large, and the receiving core 121 has less influence on the mode spot shape emitted by the transmitting core 111. For example, the distance b between the center of the transmitting core 111 and the center of the receiving core 121 is 3 μm to 20 μm. In some embodiments, the distance b between the center of the transmitting core 111 and the center of the receiving core 121 is 5 μm to 10 μm. For example, the distance b between the center of the transmitting core 111 and the center of the receiving core 121 is 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 10 μm, 12 μm, 15 μm, 18 μm, or 20 μm, and the like. In the foregoing embodiments in which the distance b is 3 μm to 10 μm, even if the distance of the object to be measured is small, part or all of the light emitted by the transmitting core 111 is still received by the receiving core 121, so as to achieve the purpose of distance measurement and reduce the blind area of the detection device.

[0067] In the foregoing embodiments, the "center of the transmitting core 111" refers to the geometric center of the transmitting core 111. In embodiments in which the transmitting core 111 is irregularly shaped, the "center of the transmitting core 111" refers to the midpoint of the transmitting core 111 along the first direction. The same applies to the receiving core 121.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present application, the centers of the plurality of transmitting cores 111 are located at the same reference surface, which is perpendicular to the first direction. For example, in FIG. 3a, the centers of the plurality of transmitting cores 111 are at the same height. In this way, the plurality of transmitting cores 111 can be formed by the same process.

[0069] Embodiments of the present application do not limit the mode field diameter of the optical signal output by the transmitting core 111. For example, the mode field diameter of the optical signal output by the transmitting core 111 is greater than or equal to 5 μm; for example, it can be 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 10 μm, 12 μm, 15 μm, etc.

[0070] Embodiments of the present application also do not limit the mode field diameter of the optical signal received by the receiving core 121. In some embodiments, the mode field diameter of the optical signal received by the receiving core 121 is equal to the mode field diameter of the optical signal output by the transmitting core 111.

[0071] Embodiments of the present application do not limit the shape of the transmitting core 111 and the receiving core 121. The shape of the transmitting core 111 is set according to the shape of the mode spot output by the transmitting core 111, and similarly, the shape of the receiving core 121 is set according to the shape of the mode spot received by the receiving core 121.

[0072] Embodiments of the present application do not limit the materials of the cladding layer 130, the first functional layer 110 and the second functional layer 120. For example, the materials of the first functional layer 110 and the second functional layer 120 are the same, and the refractive index of the cladding layer 130 is lower than the refractive index of the first functional layer 110.

[0073] For example, the material of the cladding layer 130 includes at least one of silicon dioxide and silicon oxynitride. The material of the first functional layer 110 includes at least one of silicon, silicon nitride, silicon dioxide, silicon oxynitride, polysilicon, lithium niobate, calcium oxynitride and doped silicon dioxide.

[0074] In embodiments of the present application, the optical transceiver assembly 100 can further include a substrate 140. The substrate 140 and the cladding layer 130 are stacked along the first direction. In some embodiments, the first functional layer 110 is located between the substrate 140 and the second functional layer 120. In other words, the first functional layer 110 is closer to the substrate 140 than the second functional layer 120. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the second functional layer 120 is located between the substrate 140 and the first functional layer 110. In other words, the second functional layer 120 is closer to the substrate 140 than the first functional layer 110.

[0075] The substrate 140 can support the cladding layer 130, the first functional layer 110, and the second functional layer 120. In some embodiments, the substrate 140 can be referred to as a substrate. The material of the substrate 140 can include at least one of silicon dioxide, silicon oxynitride, polymer, or silicon, for example.

[0076] Exemplarily, in an embodiment where the first functional layer 110 is located between the substrate 140 and the second functional layer 120, the preparation process of the optical transceiver assembly 100 can be as follows: depositing a portion of the cladding layer 130 on the substrate 140, depositing a functional film layer on the portion of the cladding layer 130, and etching the functional film layer to form the first functional layer 110. Depositing another portion of the cladding layer 130 on the first functional layer 110, depositing a functional film layer on the another portion of the cladding layer 130, and etching the functional film layer to form the second functional layer 120. Depositing another portion of the cladding layer 130 on the second functional layer 120 to cover the second functional layer 120. The same applies to an embodiment where the second functional layer 120 is located between the substrate 140 and the first functional layer 110, which will not be described herein again.

[0077] In this way, the number of the emission cores 111 in the first functional layer 110 has less impact on the aforementioned process, and there is no need to additionally increase the process flow to increase the number of the emission cores 111. The number of the emission cores 111 is the same as the number of the channels of the optical transceiver assembly 100. Therefore, increasing the channels of the optical transceiver assembly 100 has less impact on the process flow of the optical transceiver assembly 100.

[0078] In addition, as can be seen from the aforementioned preparation process, the cladding layer 130 provided by the embodiments of the present application is not limited to a one-layer layered structure. The cladding layer 130 can include a one-layer, two-layer, three-layer, or more layered structure.

[0079] In some embodiments of the present application, a channel can include two or more receiving cores 121 located in the same second functional layer 120. For example, FIG. 3b is a structural schematic diagram of another optical transceiver assembly 100 provided by the embodiments of the present application. Referring to FIG. 3b, some channels include two receiving cores 121, and the two receiving cores 121 are located in the same second functional layer 120. One of the two receiving cores 121 serves as a first receiving core 302. In this way, the walk-off problem of the light spot in the second direction can be effectively improved.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present application, in order to better improve the walk-off effect, the projection of the first emission core 301 along the first direction and the projection of the first receiving core 302 along the first direction at least partially overlap, which will be exemplarily described below in conjunction with FIG. 4a.

[0081] FIG. 4a is a schematic diagram of a projection of the first transmitting core 301 and the first receiving core 302 according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 4a, the vertical projection of the first transmitting core 301 on the first reference surface 001 is located in a first area A, and the vertical projection of the first receiving core 302 on the first reference surface 001 is located in a second area B. The first reference surface 001 is perpendicular to the first direction. The first area A and the second area B at least partially overlap. In this way, when the optical signal is offset or walk-off along the first direction, the first receiving core 302 can receive the offset or walk-off mode spot, thereby improving the efficiency of the optical transceiver assembly. This makes the laser radar suitable for medium and long distance detection.

[0082] In the foregoing, the "vertical projection of the first transmitting core 301 on the first reference surface 001" refers to a direction perpendicular to the first reference surface 001, i.e., along the first direction. The first transmitting core 301 is projected on the first reference surface 001 to form a planar pattern, and the area enclosed by the outer contour of the planar pattern is the vertical projection of the first transmitting core 301 on the first reference surface 001. The remaining descriptions of the vertical projection in the embodiments of the present application are the same.

[0083] The foregoing "the first area A and the second area B at least partially overlap" includes that the first area A and the second area B partially overlap, and the first area A and the second area B completely overlap (also referred to as overlap).

[0084] It can be understood that FIG. 4a is only used to illustrate the overlapping relationship between the first area A and the second area B, and does not limit the shape of the vertical projection of the first transmitting core 301 on the first reference surface 001 to be the shape of the first area A. Similarly, it also does not limit the shape of the vertical projection of the first receiving core 302 on the first reference surface 001 to be the shape of the second area B.

[0085] It can be understood that in some embodiments of the present application, the first area A and the second area B can not overlap. In other words, the projection of the first transmitting core 301 along the first direction and the projection of the first receiving core 302 along the first direction can not overlap.

[0086] Please return to FIG. 3a, in some embodiments of the present application, the distance between the output end of the first transmitting core 301 and the input end of the first receiving core 302 along the third direction is greater than zero, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. Among them, the output end of the first transmitting core 301 refers to the end face of the first transmitting core 301 for emitting a light beam. The input end of the first receiving core 302 refers to the end face of the first receiving core 302 for receiving a light beam. In other words, along the third direction, the end face of the first transmitting core 301 for emitting a light beam and the end face of the first receiving core 302 for receiving a light beam are not aligned. In this way, the first receiving core 302 is located on a different focal plane from the first transmitting core 301, so as to realize the collimation of the light beam emitted by the first transmitting core 301 and the imaging of the object to be measured in the detection distance range by the first receiving core 302.

[0087] FIG. 4b is another projection schematic diagram of the first transmitting core 301 and the first receiving core 302 provided by the embodiments of the present application. Please refer to FIG. 4b, the vertical projection of the first transmitting core 301 on the second reference surface 002 is located in the third region C, and the vertical projection of the first receiving core 302 on the second reference surface 002 is located in the fourth region D. The second reference surface 002 is perpendicular to the second direction. As can be seen from FIG. 4b, the end face of the first transmitting core 301 for emitting a light beam is not located directly above the end face of the first receiving core 302 for receiving a light beam.

[0088] In FIG. 4b, the distance between the output end of the first transmitting core 301 and the input end of the first receiving core 302 along the third direction is S. Obviously, along the third direction, the distance between the end of the third region C and the end of the fourth region D is S. Exemplarily, S can be 2 μm-10 μm. For example, S can be 2 μm, 3 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm or 10 μm, etc.

[0089] As described above in FIG. 4a, the embodiments of the present application do not limit the shape of the vertical projection of the first transmitting core 301 on the second reference surface 002 to only the shape of the third region C. Similarly, it also does not limit the shape of the vertical projection of the first receiving core 302 on the second reference surface 002 to only the shape of the fourth region D.

[0090] Similarly, the relationship between the transmitting core and the receiving core in the remaining channels can also be the same as that shown in FIG. 4a and FIG. 4b. For example, the relationship between the aforementioned second transmitting core and the second receiving core, the third transmitting core and the third receiving core can refer to the description of the aforementioned first transmitting core 301 and the first receiving core 302, which will not be repeated here.

[0091] In some embodiments of the present application, the optical transceiver assembly 100 can include multiple layers of the second functional layer 120. One channel includes one emitting core 111 for outputting a light beam and multiple receiving cores 121 for receiving a light beam. The aforementioned first receiving core 302 can be located in any one of the second functional layers 120. In other words, the light beam from the first emitting core 301 can be received by a receiving core in any one of the second functional layers 120, which is the first receiving core 302.

[0092] FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another optical transceiver assembly 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 5, the optical transceiver assembly 100 includes multiple layers of the second functional layer 120, and each layer of the second functional layer 120 includes multiple receiving cores 121, and all the receiving cores 121 are embedded in the cladding layer 130.

[0093] In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the receiving core 121 of any one of the second functional layers 120 in the multiple layers of the second functional layer 120 is used to receive a light beam from the emitting core 111. Each layer of the second functional layer 120 has a first receiving core 302, and the light beam emitted by the first emitting core 301 is received by the first receiving core 302 of any one of the second functional layers 120 in the multiple layers of the second functional layer 120. The multiple first receiving cores 302 and the first emitting core 301 can be regarded as one channel. In this way, one channel of the optical transceiver assembly 100 has multiple first receiving cores 302 for receiving a light beam, which can better improve the walk-off effect and improve the efficiency of the optical transceiver assembly 100.

[0094] In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the projections of the first receiving cores 302 of at least two layers of the second functional layer 120 all overlap at least part of the projection of the first emitting core 301. In this way, when the light beam walks off in the first direction, the first receiving cores 302 of the multiple layers of the second functional layer 120 can improve the coupling efficiency of the light beam and improve the detection efficiency. In addition, the multiple layers of the second functional layer 120 can expand the field angle (FOV) of the optical transceiver assembly 100, thereby reducing the influence of the walk-off effect and improving the detection probability of the echo when the measured object is far away.

[0095] In some embodiments of the present application, the projection of the first receiving core 302 of each layer of the second functional layer 120 overlaps at least part of the projection of the first emitting core 301.

[0096] In some embodiments of the present application, the projection of the first receiving core 302 of some layers of the second functional layer 120 can not overlap the projection of the first emitting core 301.

[0097] The embodiments of the present application do not limit the arrangement order of the first functional layer 110 and the multi-layer second functional layer 120 along the first direction. In FIG. 5, the first functional layer 110 is located at one side of the multi-layer second functional layer 120. The first functional layer 110 is located between the second functional layer 120 and the substrate 140.

[0098] FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of another optical transceiver assembly 100 provided by the embodiments of the present application. The difference between FIG. 6 and FIG. 5 includes that the first functional layer 110 is located between the multi-layer second functional layer 120. That is, a part of the second functional layer 120 is located at one side of the first functional layer 110, and the rest of the second functional layer 120 is located at the other side of the first functional layer 110. Similarly, in the example of FIG. 6, the multi-layer second functional layer 120 can expand the field of view of the optical transceiver assembly 100 and reduce the influence of the walk-off effect.

[0099] In addition, the receiving core 121 on the multi-layer second functional layer 120 can be regarded as a waveguide array receiving the light beams, which can cover the walk-off of the imaging in a further range.

[0100] In addition, in some embodiments of the present application, the multi-layer second functional layer 120 can be located between the first functional layer 110 and the substrate 140.

[0101] In the embodiments of the optical transceiver assembly 100, the channel has a plurality of first receiving cores 302 receiving the light beams. The optical transceiver assembly 100 can further include a power distribution device for distributing the power of the light beams received by the first receiving cores 302.

[0102] As described above in FIG. 3a, in some embodiments, the distance b between the center of the transmitting core 111 and the center of the receiving core 121 is greater than or equal to 3 μm. In the embodiments of the optical transceiver assembly 100 including the multi-layer second functional layer 120, one channel of the optical transceiver assembly 100 includes a plurality of receiving cores 121. For example, the distance b between the center of the transmitting core 111 and the center of the nearest receiving core 121 to the transmitting core 111 is greater than or equal to 3 μm, such as 3 μm to 20 μm. For the distance b, please refer to the description of FIG. 3a above, which will not be repeated here. FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the E-E plane in FIG. 5. Please refer to FIG. 7, the optical transceiver assembly 100 can further include an M×N power distribution device 160. The M×N power distribution device 160 includes M input ports and N output ports. One of the M input ports is used to receive the light beams from the first receiving core 302, and the light beams are emitted from at least one of the N output ports. M and N are both natural numbers greater than or equal to 1.

[0103] Thus, in the embodiment in which the optical transceiver assembly 100 has the multi-layer second functional layer 120 (as shown in FIG. 6), the MxN power distribution device 160 can perform power distribution on the light beams received by the first receiving core 302. The efficiency of the light beams received by the first receiving core 302 is adjusted. Better walk-off compensation effect can be achieved. The power distribution can construct a receiving curve in the walk-off direction (the first direction in FIG. 6), which is also called a receiving envelope. The MxN power distribution device 160 can set a more optimal receiving curve. Exemplarily, a more optimal receiving curve can be that the overall efficiency decreases from the target farthest walk-off receiving point to the walk-off-free receiving point.

[0104] The number of M is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. Exemplarily, the number of M can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, etc. Similarly, the number of N is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. Exemplarily, the number of N can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, etc.

[0105] As mentioned above, one second functional layer 120 has a plurality of first receiving cores 302, i.e., the optical transceiver assembly 100 has a plurality of channels. In the embodiments of the present application, each channel is configured with the aforementioned MxN power distribution device 160.

[0106] In some embodiments of the present application, the MxN power distribution device 160 is also arranged in the cladding layer 130. Exemplarily, the MxN power distribution device 160 can include a multimode interferometer (MMI), a Y-type beam splitter, a directional coupler, a star coupler, etc.

[0107] In the example of FIG. 7, the MxN power distribution device 160 can include a phase compensator 161, which performs phase compensation on the light beams received by the first receiving core 302.

[0108] In some embodiments of the present application, the optical transceiver assembly 100 can transmit the power-distributed light beams to the first transmitting core 301 for output by the first transmitting core 301.

[0109] FIG. 8 is a structural schematic view of the F-F plane in FIG. 3a. Referring to FIG. 8, the optical transceiver assembly 100 can further include an AxB power distribution device 170. The light beams output by the first transmitting core 301 come from the AxB power distribution device 170.

[0110] Exemplarily, the AxB power distribution device 170 has A input ports and B output ports, at least one of the A input ports is used to receive light beams, and the light beams are emitted from at least one of the B output ports to the first transmitting core 301. A and B are both natural numbers greater than or equal to 1.

[0111] Thus, the AxB power distribution device 170 can distribute the power of the light beam entering the first emission core 301. The efficiency of the light beam output by the first emission core 301 is adjusted, and the angle of the emitted light beam is expanded to shape the envelope curve of the emitted light beam. Better walk-off compensation effect can be achieved. As described above, the first functional layer 110 has a plurality of first emission cores 301, i.e., the optical transceiver assembly 100 has a plurality of channels. In the embodiments of the present application, each channel is configured with the aforementioned AxB power distribution device 170.

[0112] In the example of FIG. 8, the optical transceiver assembly 100 includes a second functional layer 120. It can be understood that in the embodiments in which the optical transceiver assembly 100 includes a plurality of second functional layers 120, the optical transceiver assembly 100 can also include the AxB power distribution device 170.

[0113] As can be seen from FIGS. 7 and 8, in some embodiments of the present application, the optical transceiver assembly 100 can further include a semi-conductor optical amplifier (SOA) 180, which is used to amplify the optical signal and transmit the optical signal to the first emission core 301. Thus, the optical signal before being transmitted to the first emission core 301 is amplified in power by the SOA 180, and the transmission efficiency of the optical transceiver assembly 100 can be affected by the loss of the optical signal.

[0114] In some embodiments, the SOA 180 can be integrated in the cladding layer 130 by means of hetero-integration. In some embodiments, the SOA 180 can also be disposed outside the cladding layer 130.

[0115] In the embodiments in which the optical transceiver assembly 100 includes the SOA 180 and the AxB power distribution device 170, the SOA 180 can be located between the AxB power distribution device 170 and the first emission core 301, i.e., the light beam emitted from the output port of the AxB power distribution device 170 is amplified by the SOA 180 and then transmitted to the first emission core 301. Alternatively, the AxB power distribution device 170 can be located between the SOA 180 and the first emission core 301, i.e., the light beam amplified by the SOA 180 is transmitted to the input port of the AxB power distribution device 170, and then emitted from the output port of the AxB power distribution device 170 to the first emission core 301.

[0116] In some embodiments, the AxB power distribution device 170 is not necessary. For example, the AxB power distribution device 170 can not be disposed in FIG. 7.

[0117] For example, in some embodiments of FIG. 7, the optical amplifier 180 and the first transmitting core 301 can be connected as an integral molding. In other words, the output port of the optical amplifier 180 can be regarded as the first transmitting core 301 for emitting the third sub-beam. In this way, the link loss caused by the coupling of the optical amplifier 180 and the first transmitting core 301 can be avoided, for example, the link loss is close to 0.5 dB (decibel).

[0118] As mentioned above, in some embodiments, the optical transceiver assembly 100 changes the polarization direction of the first sub-beam or the third sub-beam. In other words, the optical transceiver assembly 100 changes the polarization direction of the light beam incident to the first transmitting core, or the optical transceiver assembly 100 changes the polarization direction of the light beam output by the first receiving core.

[0119] Please return to FIG. 8, in some embodiments of the present application, the optical transceiver assembly 100 can also include a polarization conversion element 190. Wherein the polarization conversion element 190 is used to receive the light beam from the first receiving core 302. That is, the light beam emitted by the first transmitting core 301 is reflected by the object to be tested and then received by the first receiving core 302, and then output through the polarization conversion element 190. Wherein the polarization direction of the light beam incident to the polarization conversion element 190 and the light beam output by the polarization conversion element 190 are orthogonal. In this way, the optical transceiver assembly 100 can change the polarization direction of the light beam.

[0120] In addition, in the example of FIG. 8, the optical amplifier 180 is located before the first transmitting core 301, and the polarization conversion element 190 is located after the first receiving core 302, and the light beam amplified by the optical amplifier 180 does not need to pass through the polarization conversion element 190 first and then be output by the first transmitting core 301.

[0121] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the polarization conversion element 190 only performs polarization conversion on the light beam output to the first transmitting core 301 or the light beam received by the first receiving core 302. The first transmitting core 301 and the first receiving core 302 have less stray light reflected by the end face. The specification requirements of the polarization conversion element 190 on return loss can be reduced, and the polarization conversion element 190 and the first receiving core 302 can both increase polarization-related loss, improve the receiving efficiency of the polarization of the effective return light to be received (the third sub-beam from the first receiving core 302), and reduce the receiving efficiency of the polarization orthogonal to the effective return light to be received.

[0122] In some embodiments of the present application, the polarization conversion element 190 can be a half-wave plate. In some embodiments, the polarization conversion element 190 can also be a polarization beam splitter.

[0123] In some embodiments of the present application, the polarization conversion element 190 can change the polarization direction of the light beam incident to the first transmitting core 301.

[0124] FIG. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of a polarization conversion element 190 and a first transmitting core 301 according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 9, the light beam emitted by the polarization conversion element 190 is transmitted to the first transmitting core 301.

[0125] Exemplarily, the polarization direction of the first sub-light beam is changed after the first sub-light beam passes through the polarization conversion element 190, and then the first sub-light beam is transmitted to the first transmitting core 301, and the third sub-light beam is output by the first transmitting core 301. The polarization directions of the first sub-light beam and the third sub-light beam are orthogonal.

[0126] In the embodiment in which the optical transceiver assembly 100 comprises the polarization conversion element 190 and the optical amplifier 180, the polarization conversion element 190 can be located between the optical amplifier 180 and the first transmitting core 301. Alternatively, the optical amplifier 180 can be located between the polarization conversion element 190 and the first transmitting core 301, and the present application is not limited thereto.

[0127] As described above, in some embodiments, the polarization directions of the first sub-light beam and the third sub-light beam can be the same. Therefore, the polarization conversion element 190 is not necessary, and the optical transceiver assembly 100 can not be provided with the polarization conversion element 190.

[0128] Referring back to FIG. 3a, in some embodiments of the present application, the optical transceiver assembly 100 can further comprise a quarter-wave plate 200. In this case, the light beam (the third sub-light beam) emitted by the first transmitting core 301 passes through the quarter-wave plate 200 and outputs circularly polarized light to the object to be measured, and the circularly polarized light reflected by the object to be measured passes through the quarter-wave plate 200 again and is received by the first receiving core 302.

[0129] In other words, in the embodiment in which the optical transceiver assembly 100 comprises the quarter-wave plate 200, the polarization directions of the third sub-light beam emitted by the first transmitting core 301 and the third sub-light beam received by the first receiving core 302 are orthogonal to each other.

[0130] In some embodiments of the present application, the quarter-wave plate 200 can be other structures, for example, can be a phase adjusting element, which is used to change the phase of the third sub-light beam. The polarization directions of the third sub-light beam passing through the phase adjusting element twice are orthogonal.

[0131] In this way, the polarization directions of the light beam output by the first transmitting core 301 and the light beam received by the first receiving core 302 are perpendicular to each other. The first receiving core 302 can screen out or filter the light beam whose polarization direction is consistent with the polarization direction of the light beam output by the first transmitting core 301. This reduces the interference of the signal and improves the isolation of the transceiver. This improves the transceiving efficiency and accuracy of the optical transceiver assembly 100.

[0132] In the description of the specification, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0133] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. An optical transceiver component, characterized in that, The optical transceiver component includes: Cladding; and A first functional layer and a second functional layer are arranged along a first direction; the first functional layer includes a plurality of transmitting cores arranged along a second direction, all of which are embedded within the cladding layer, and the transmitting cores are used to output a light beam; the second functional layer includes a plurality of receiving cores arranged along the second direction, all of which are embedded within the cladding layer; a first receiving core among the plurality of receiving cores is used to receive a light beam from a transmitting core among the plurality of transmitting cores that corresponds to the first receiving core; Wherein, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

2. The optical transceiver assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the projection of the first receiving core and the projection of the transmitting core corresponding to the first receiving core at least partially overlap.

3. The optical transceiver assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The optical transceiver assembly includes: multiple layers of the second functional layer, wherein a first receiving core of any second functional layer in the multiple layers of the second functional layer is used to receive a light beam from a transmitting core corresponding to the first receiving core.

4. The optical transceiver assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the projections of the first receiving cores of at least two second functional layers overlap with at least a portion of the projections of the transmitting cores corresponding to the first receiving cores.

5. The optical transceiver assembly according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The optical transceiver assembly further includes an M×N power distribution device, which includes M input ports and N output ports. One of the M input ports is used to receive a light beam from one of the first receiving cores, and the light beam is emitted from at least one of the N output ports. M and N are both natural numbers greater than or equal to 1.

6. The optical transceiver assembly according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The optical transceiver assembly further includes an A×B power distribution device, which has A input ports and B output ports. At least one of the A input ports is used to receive a light beam, and the light beam is emitted to the transmitting core from at least one of the B output ports. A and B are both natural numbers greater than or equal to 1.

7. The optical transceiver assembly according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The optical transceiver assembly further includes an optical amplifier, which amplifies the optical signal and transmits the optical signal to the transmitting core.

8. The optical transceiver assembly according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Along the third direction, the distance between the output end of the transmitting core corresponding to the first receiving core and the input end of the first receiving core is greater than zero, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are mutually perpendicular.

9. The optical transceiver assembly according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the distance between the center of the transmitting core corresponding to the first receiving core and the center of the first receiving core is greater than or equal to 3 μm.

10. The optical transceiver assembly according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The optical transceiver assembly further includes: a substrate, wherein the substrate and the cladding are stacked together along the first direction, and the first functional layer is located between the substrate and the second functional layer, or the second functional layer is located between the substrate and the first functional layer.

11. The optical transceiver assembly according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The centers of the plurality of transmitting cores are located on the same reference plane, which is perpendicular to the first direction.

12. A detection device, characterized in that, It includes a laser and an optical transceiver assembly as described in any one of claims 1-11, wherein the laser is used to output a light beam to the transmitting core.

13. A lidar, characterized in that, The lidar includes a signal processor and the detection device as described in claim 12, wherein the signal processor is used to receive signals from the detection device.

14. A terminal device, characterized in that, The terminal device includes a main body and the lidar as described in claim 13, wherein the lidar and the main body are connected.

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