Multi-function translating carriage exercise machines and methods

Abstract

A multi-function translating carriage exercise machine (MFTCEM) offering a wide range of exercise options at a single exercise station having a compact footprint. The MFTCEM facilitates a broad spectrum of exercise options without the need for the user to move about a gym seeking the next exercise station simultaneously fostering community between participants as they exercise in unison at their exercise station. The core component of the MFTCEM is a reformer known for its low-impact ability to foster musculoskeletal flexibility, tone, balance and core strength utilizing motorized or non-motorized resistance. Other components focusing on cardio, strength, and flexibility are integrated into the MFTCEM. These components can include climbing, pedaling, rowing, skiing, and other resistive cable exercises. Monitors can be used to track typical exercise parameters providing the user feedback about their workout, control resistance or fitness programs in the machine, and introduce instruction or entertainment into the fitness program.

Description

MULTI-FUNCTION TRANSLATING CARRIAGE EXERCISE MACHINES AND METHODSCROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority to Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 664,274 filed 06 / 26 / 2024, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference and relied upon.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] Field of the Invention. The invention relates generally to exercise machines having a translating carriage, and more particularly to translating carriage exercise machines having multiple exercise functions.

[0003] Description of Related Art. There are a variety of exercise machines known in the art having a translating carriage that moves along a path defined by one or a pair of elongate rails. A user typically supports all or a portion of their body on the translating platform a performs a wide range of exercises that strengthen their limbs and core. In some cases, the translating carriage is biased in a direction by the use of elastomeric members typically in the form of springs, flexible tubing, by controlled electro-motive / electromagnetic forces, or by gravity when the rail(s) is sloped. One such machine is known as a Pilates reformer which is manufactured by a wide variety of companies. By use of the translating carriage, rope and pulley members, other accessories such as foot bars and handles extending from flexible elongate members, and stationary platforms, a user is able to perform a wide range of exercises to provide a whole body strengthening, stretching, and balance training experience.

[0004] Fitness experts have recognized the many benefits of the reformer style machines, however, it has also been recognized that reformer machines struggled to provide a comprehensive cardio workout and heavier strengthening exercise. This changed however, when the inventor of this application introduced reformer designs with an integrated rotational resistance mechanism. This innovation greatly expanded the cardio capabilities of these translating carriage exercise machines by adding functions such as rowing.

[0005] More innovation is needed in this area. As enthusiasts continue to discover the wholesome benefits of translating carriage exercise machines on the various reformers, there is a demand for more cardio and strengthening options. In the past, supplementing a reformerworkout would mean moving from one machine to another about a fitness studio to exercise on a wide variety of dedicated strengthening and cardio machines. This requires a tremendous amount of space and tolerating wait lines for the needed machine to become available. Another issue is that many exercise studios are limited in space due to availability or expense. Most can’t afford to have a wide variety of machines scattered about a studio with little thought on how users will move from one machine to another without wasting an enormous amount of time and space. In addition, enthusiasts have also discovered that they love community and therefore they want to enjoy their workouts step and step with other friends enjoying the experience together. Independently moving from machine to machine creates a chaotic environment that tends to destroy a fitness community aside from brief hellos during passing. This weakens the community and ultimately results in members eventually dropping their membership.

[0006] Reformers are known to be excellent multi-purpose exercise machines. By the nature of the moveable carriage and force handles that can be resisted by springs, reformers are top performing machines for the entire body providing low impact gains in strength, stretching, and balance. Again, as multi-purpose machines, reformers have struggled to provide sufficient cardio exercises. The Applicant has however, effectively integrated rotational resistance mechanisms (RRM) into reformers to easily add rowing, orbital, and ski style exercise to the available exercise spectrum on a reformer. Addition of cardio focused exercise could be accomplished by having separate cardio machines forming a circuit on which users move from machine to machine which by all accounts results in a chaotic gym experience. Further, having multiple duplicates of several different machines available to each user of a gym is unrealistic given the cost of equipment, time lost changing from machine to machine, and limitations on costly space. In addition, gym owners have learned the value of community to members. Pilates studios have become increasingly popular in part due to the membership community being able to exercise together all aspects of their bodies on one machine all at the same time. They can very efficiently stretch, strengthen, tone, and improve balance all on a single machine. When a RRM is added to the reformer, these enthusiasts can now integrate cardio into their routine. Within 50 minutes, members can now go through a full body workout that includes cardio without changing machines. Where there once was chaos, there is now order, efficiency, great exercise, within a community of members that are striving to achieve the same goals andenjoying the process together. Since members are performing the same exercise routines on the same machines at the same time, video monitors can be spaced within the studio to lead them through their routines while well chosen music is played that matches the ‘beat’ of the current exercise performed and helps improve the whole experience. This efficient, effective, low impact, shared experience by members has proved to be very valuable for them leading to profitable studios. The benefits for studio owners do not stop there. Multi -function translating carriage exercise machines (MFTCEM) can perform the array of exercise normally required by multiple machines that would require far more space. This means that a studio can fit more MFTCEMS in the same space and consequently, concurrently service many more members in it. The result is more members can be served and happily moved through the studio faster. This equates to more satisfied customers and more profit for the studio owner. What is needed is an expansion of cardio and strengthening exercises that can be integrated into a reformer station while minimizing the overall footprint of the machine. What is needed is rowing, riding, climbing, skiing, and strengthening functions that can be integrated into reformers with minimal expansion of the machine’s footprint.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0007] Disclosed herein are multi-function translating carriage exercise machines (MFTCEM) that integrate a rotational resistance mechanism in a variety of configurations for enhancing cardio workouts on the machines. Also disclosed are additional strengthening options to enhance strengthening exercises on the machines.

[0008] In one form, a MFTCEM comprises a component known as a reformer.

[0009] In one form, the MFTCEM comprises at least one, or a pair of spaced side rails on which a carriage translates between a first and second end of the machine.

[0010] In one form, the pair of spaced translation rails are elevated off a supporting ground or floor surface by a plurality of legs or a support frame.

[0011] In one form, the pair of spaced side rails are supported by a pair of spaced end rails.

[0012] In one form, the pair of spaced end rails are positioned at the ends of the spaced side rails.

[0013] In one form, the pair of spaced translation side rails and the translation rail ends define a utility space below the translating carriage and the floor or ground surface.

[0014] In one form, one or more rotational resistance mechanisms are positioned fully or partially within the utility space.

[0015] In one form, the MFTCEM comprises an upright mast extending upward from one end of the MFTCEM.

[0016] In one form, a pair of spaced superior pulleys are disposed at a superior end of the upright mast.

[0017] In one form, the one or more rotational resistance mechanism utilizes resistance using one or more of fluids (liquid or air), torque-loaded springs / constant force springs, contact friction, magnetic fields (i.e. electromagnetic forces, Eddy currents, electromotive forces).

[0018] In one form, a rotational resistance mechanism is in the form of an electric motor.

[0019] In one form, the rotational resistance mechanisms comprise a load shaft.

[0020] In one form, coupled to the load shaft is a drive clutch.

[0021] In one form, coupled to the load shaft is a pair of drive clutches.

[0022] In one form, the drive clutch comprises a clutch spool and a unidirectional bearing.

[0023] In one form, the clutch spools are utilized to engage an elastic recoil cord and an elongate resistance band.

[0024] In one form, the elongate resistance band travels through a series of pulleys and terminates at a force handle.

[0025] In one form, the force handle extends downward from an elongate resistance band from at least one of the pair of spaced superior pulleys.

[0026] In one form, the recoil tension member (elastic recoil cord and can include non-elastic recoil cord portion) and the elongate resistance band are coiled in opposing directions around the clutch spool.

[0027] In one form, as the elongate resistance band is pulled by force of a user, it unravels from the clutch spool and drives the drive shaft through the unidirectional bearing. Simultaneously, the recoil tension member coils around the clutch spool, consequently tightening the recoil tension member. When force by the user is released, the recoil tension member uncoils from the clutch spool as the elongate resistance band recoils around the clutch spool utilizing theslip direction of the unidirectional bearing. When a separate clutch spool is used for both a left sided and a right sided handle, the user can simulate a cross-country skiing motion by moving each upper extremity independently when standing in front of the upward support post.

[0028] In one form, a left sided elongate resistance band and a right sided elongate resistance band operate such that one resistance band can be activated independently of the other elongate resistance band.

[0029] In one form, a redirectional pulley is mounted to a jump board. In a rowing mode, the redirectional pulley redirects an elongate resistance band towards a user sitting on the carriage.

[0030] In one form, a redirectional pulley is mounted to a redirection arm extending upwards from an end of the MFTCEM.

[0031] In one form, a redirectional pulley is secured to a foot-hand bar.

[0032] In one form, the redirection arm is utilized to direct the elongate resistance band from a rotational resistance mechanism to a redirectional pulley.

[0033] In one form, the redirection arm can pivot between an activated position where it positions the redirection pulley in an activated position and an unactivated position where it is stored out of the way.

[0034] In one form, the redirection arm can be engaged into an activated position where it positions the redirection pulley in an activated position for use and removed to an unactivated position where it is stored out of the way.

[0035] In one form, a monitor is submersed in the redirection arm.

[0036] In one form, a monitor is coupled to a side of the redirection arm.

[0037] In one form, a monitor is submersed in the top surface of a jump board.

[0038] In one form, a foot rest is positioned against an RRM during use then is repositioned within the utility space between the pair of space rails during storage.

[0039] In one form, a MFTCEM comprises more than one RRM.

[0040] In one form, two RRMs are secured in a utility space below the translating carriage.

[0041] In one form, an upright mast is secured at one end of a MFTCEM.

[0042] In one form, the upright mast has a pair of superior redirection pulleys mounted on a superior end of the upright mast.

[0043] In one form, the upright mast supports a push through bar.

[0044] In one form, the upright mast supports a plurality of mast hooks on an outer surface of the upright mast.

[0045] In one form, the upright mast supports an exercise monitor.

[0046] In one form, the upright mast supports a first carriage pulley and a second carriage pulley.

[0047] In one form, the upright mast supports a climber.

[0048] In one form, the climber utilizes a RRM for resistance.

[0049] In one form, the upright mast supports a stationary bike.

[0050] In one form, the stationary bike utilizes a RRM in the form of a planetary gear.

[0051] In one form, a modified stationary bike is utilized with the MFTCEM for recumbent biking while sitting or biking upright.

[0052] In one form, a MFTCEM comprises a RRM driven by an orbital crank arm for resisted orbital exercise.

[0053] In one form, floor anchors are utilized to secure the MFTCEM to a ground surface during heavy lifting exercises.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] These and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily appreciated when considered in connection with the following detailed description and appended drawings, wherein each drawing is according to one or more embodiments shown and described herein, and wherein:

[0055] Figure 1 depicts a partial perspective view of one end of a multi-purpose translating carriage exercise machine;

[0056] Figure 2 depicts a side view of the multi-purpose translating carriage exercise machine of Figure 1;

[0057] Figure 3 depicts a perspective view of a rotational resistance mechanism;

[0058] Figure 4 depicts an exploded perspective view of the rotational resistance mechanism of Figure 3;

[0059] Figure 5 depicts a partial perspective view of one end of a multi-purpose translating carriage exercise machine with foot rest stored;

[0060] Figure 6 depicts a partial perspective view of the multi-purpose translating carriage exercise machine with foot rest positioned for use;

[0061] Figure 7 depicts a top perspective view of a partially floor supported rotational resistance mechanism;

[0062] Figure 8 depicts a bottom perspective view of the rotational resistance mechanism of Figure 7;

[0063] Figure 9 depicts a perspective view of internal components of a rotational resistance mechanism;

[0064] Figure 10 depicts an exploded perspective view of the internal components of the rotational resistance mechanism of Figure 9;

[0065] Figure 11 depicts a perspective view of a MFTCEM having two rotational resistance mechanisms;

[0066] Figure 12 depicts a side view of a MFTCEM illustrating the utility space beneath the machine and with foot rest in a stored mode;

[0067] Figure 13 depicts a side view of a MFTCEM with foot rest in rowing mode;

[0068] Figure 14 depicts a perspective view of a magnet array used in a rotational resistance mechanism;

[0069] Figure 15 depicts a perspective view of a resistance control used in a rotational resistance mechanism;

[0070] Figure 16 depicts a side view of a resistance control used within a rotational resistance mechanism;

[0071] Figure 17 depicts a partial perspective view a weighted bar used in a MFTCEM;

[0072] Figure 18 depicts a perspective view of a MFTCEM using a rotational resistance mechanism;

[0073] Figure 19A depicts a perspective view of a rotational resistance mechanism used in a MFTCEM and having both a first and second drive clutch;

[0074] Figure 19B depicts a side view of internal components of a rotational resistance mechanism having dual drive clutches;

[0075] Figure 20 depicts a perspective view of a MFTCEM;

[0076] Figure 21 depicts a bottom perspective view of a translatable carriage;

[0077] Figure 22 depicts a top perspective view of a MFTCEM comprising multiple exercise options;

[0078] Figure 23A depicts a side view of a MFTCEM comprising comprising multiple exercise options;

[0079] Figure 23B depicts a top view of the MFTCEM of Figure 23 A;

[0080] Figure 24 depicts a perspective view of a MFTCEM with stationary platforms;

[0081] Figure 25 depicts a perspective view of the MFTCEM of Figure 24;

[0082] Figure 26 depicts a perspective view of a MFTCEM with a modified stationary bike;

[0083] Figure 27 depicts a top view of a MFTCEM having an orbital resistance rotational resistance mechanism;

[0084] Figure 28 depicts a perspective view of the MFTCEM of Figure 27;

[0085] Figure 29 depicts a side view of the MFTCEM of Figure 27;

[0086] Figure 30A depicts a cross-sectional view of a RRM retainer wall for securing a RRM;

[0087] Figure 30B depicts a cross-sectional view of a RRM retainer wall for securing a RRM;

[0088] Figure 30C depicts a cross-sectional view of a RRM retainer wall for securing a RRM;

[0089] Figure 31 depicts a cross-sectional view of a RRM retainer wall for securing a RRM;

[0090] Figure 32 depicts a cross-sectional view of a RRM retainer wall for securing a RRM;

[0091] Figure 33 depicts a cross-sectional view of a RRM retainer wall for securing a RRM;

[0092] Figure 34 depicts a graphic of an arrangement of MFTCEMs in a studio;

[0093] Figure 35 A depicts a perspective view of a reformer known in the prior art;

[0094] Figure 35B depicts a perspective view of a reformer known in the prior art;

[0095] Figure 35C depicts an exploded view of an end rail of a reformer known in the prior art;

[0096] Figure 35D depicts an exploded view of an end rail of a reformer known in the prior art;

[0097] Figure 35E depicts a perspective view of a brace to secure an upright mast on a reformer known in the prior art;

[0098] Figure 35F depicts a perspective view of a reformer with an upright mast known in the prior art;

[0099] Figure 35G depicts an inside view of an end rail of a reformer known in the prior art;

[0100] Figure 35H depicts a bottom view of an end rail of a reformer known in the prior art;

[0101] Figure 35 J depicts a perspective view of an end rail of a reformer known in the prior art;

[0102] Figure 36 depicts a side view of a rotational resistance mechanism with foot rest in deployed mode;

[0103] Figure 37 depicts a side view of the rotational resistance mechanism of Figure 36 with foot rest in the process of being stored;

[0104] Figure 38 depicts a side view of the rotational resistance mechanism of Figure 36 with foot rest in stored mode;

[0105] Figure 39 depicts a perspective view of a rotational resistance mechanism configured for leg engagement with a reformer machine;

[0106] Figure 40 depicts a perspective view of a rotational resistance mechanism configured for leg engagement with a reformer machine;

[0107] Figure 41 depicts a perspective view of a rotational resistance mechanism configured for leg engagement with a reformer machine;

[0108] Figure 42 depicts a perspective view of a rotational resistance mechanism configured for leg engagement with a reformer machine;

[0109] Figure 43 depicts a perspective view of a rotational resistance mechanism configured for leg engagement with a reformer machine;

[0110] Figure 44 depicts a perspective view of a rotational resistance mechanism configured for leg engagement with a reformer machine;

[0111] Figure 45 depicts an exploded perspective view of the rotational resistance mechanism of Figure 39;

[0112] Figure 45B depicts a partial perspective view of the rotational resistance mechanism of Figure 45;

[0113] Figure 46 depicts a bottom perspective view of the inside of a rotational resistance mechanism enclosure;

[0114] Figure 47 depicts a top perspective view of a pair of rotational resistance mechanisms configured for leg engagement with a reformer machine;

[0115] Figure 48 depicts a top perspective view of a MFTCEM with compact RRM alternatives and a lift platform;DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF SELECTED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

[0116] Select embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the Figures. Like numerals indicate like or corresponding elements throughout the several views and wherein various embodiments are separated by letters (i.e. 100, 100B, 100C). The terminology used in the description presented herein is not intended to be interpreted in any limited or restrictive way, simply because it is being utilized in conjunction with detailed description of certain specific embodiments of the invention. Furthermore, embodiments of the invention may include several novel features, no single one of which is solely responsible for its desirable attributes or which is essential to practicing the invention described herein.

[0117] Disclosed herein are multi-function translating carriage exercise machines (MFTCEM) that integrate one or more rotational resistance mechanisms in a variety of configurations for enhancing cardio and strength workouts on the machines.

[0118] In preferred embodiments, the multi -function translating carriage exercise machine comprises a component known as a reformer. Some versions are referred to as a Pilates Reformer. The Pilates Reformer has evolved over the years with several variations. Some prefer to call this more inclusive style of machine to be simply a ‘reformer’.

[0119] As depicted in the drawings, reformers typically comprise a pair of elongate rails (first elongate side rail 108, second elongate side rail 110) with a moveable carriage 150 translating between opposing ends of the machine. Typically elastic tension members 156 (Figure 1,21) secured under the carriage, bias the carriage towards one end of the machine when releasably secured to spring anchors anchored at the one end. In some versions of reformers, there are elastic tension members that face both ends of the machine such that the carriage can be configured to be biased towards a chosen end of the machine. For example, the carriage can be biased to perform typical Pilates reformer exercises using elastic tension members extending from one end of the carriage, and strengthening exercises using elastic tension members extending from the other end of the carriage (Figure 21). Secured to the bottom portion 158 of the carriage, is a carriage spring anchor assembly 172 for fixation of the opposed end of the elastic tension members 156. In alternative embodiments, the elastic tension members are substituted with an elongate resistance band extending from a spool robotically driven by an electric motor 754 that ultimately provides exercise resistance. Typically the translating carriageis supported on a bottom portion 158 (Figure 21) by a plurality of carriage frame rails 204. Extending from the frame rails or nearby wheel brackets are a plurality of roller wheels 216 that provide the moveable carriage 150 the ability to translate on the rails (linear bearings can also be used). As depicted in Figure 17, a pair of pulleys (i.e first carriage pulley 160, second carriage pulley 166) are secured at one end of the machine and house flexible elongate tension members (i.e. first carriage rope 162, second carriage rope 168, which can alternatively be in the form of cables or bands or the like) that are secured to one end of the carriage (i.e. Figure 17), and have a rigid or flexible force handle 348 on the other end (i.e. a flexible loop, tube, bar, etc.) for grasping or looping around an extremity of the body. In some embodiments, the carriage pulleys extend from a pulley mast (i.e. first pulley mast 161, second pulley mast 167) coupled to the frame or rails of the machine. Figure 17 depicts the pulley masts extending upwards from the top of the rails, however, in other embodiments they can extend from leg or frame members 127 (Figure 25), and in yet other embodiments from upright mast 282 (Figure 20). One or more foothand bar 247 can extend upwards from the machine at an opposing end or the same end. Typically, this foot-hand bar is in the form of a continuous bar or tube that extends from one side of the machine to another (sometimes referred to as a footbar). In some embodiments, the foothand bar can pivot to adjust angle using a foot-hand bar positioner 259, or translate using translating foot-hand lock 262. In some embodiments, the foot-hand bars are separate on each side of the machine. The foot-hand bar(s) in most cases has an angled profile for grasping by the user’s hands or feet, whereas in some embodiments the bars are horizontally or vertically aligned. In some embodiments, the foot-hand bars have multiple projections for grasping at a variety of heights and angles. Some reformers have a head rest 238 at one end of the carriage for resting the user’s head. Often the head rest comprises a pair of spaced shoulder rests (i.e. first shoulder rest 230, second shoulder rest 232) adjacent each side of the head rest. Typically the shoulder rests and head rests can be flattened or removed such that the user can choose to use the top side of the carriage without obstruction. Often an adjustable rope clamping system (i.e. Figure 17 cam cleats 392) are used to adjustably secure the first carriage rope 162 and second carriage rope to the moveable carriage 150. Rope locking mechanisms such as these can be used at the top of the carriage or below.

[0120] Figures 1-2 and others depict one end of a reformer comprising a frame portion 102 that supports the moveable carriage that moves along Axis B. The frame portion itself can be constructed to elevate the moveable carriage 150 with upper support surface 152 (typically a padded surface 220) off the ground or a plurality of legs or frame members 127 can be used for this purpose. In this embodiment, the multi -function translating carriage exercise machine 100 comprises a pair of spaced rails (i.e. first elongate side rail 108, second elongate side rail 110) on which moveable carriage 150 translates typically using roller wheels. In alternative embodiments, the first elongate side rail and second elongate side rail are one unified member rather than separated. In most embodiments, the elongate side rails are substantially horizontal, however, in alternative embodiments, the elongate side rails can be sloped. In preferred embodiments, the elongate side rails are elevated off a supporting ground or floor surface by a plurality of legs or a frame member 127.

[0121] Further noted in this embodiment is a first end rail 118 extending between the first elongate side rail 108 and second elongate side rail 110. At a second end of the machine is a second end rail 120 also extending between the two elongate side rails. As one skilled in the art will recognize, various configurations can be used to build a frame portion to support a translating carriage elevated off a supporting ground surface.

[0122] In this embodiment, the frame portion defines a generally rectangular utility space 101 (see Figure 12) below the moveable carriage 150 (translatable carriage) and above the floor or ground surface. In preferred embodiments, RRM 300 is positioned substantially within the utility space. In alternative embodiments, the RRM is positioned substantially outside this utility space such as adjacent the end of the machine outside of the utility space. In yet other embodiments, the RRM can be positioned partially inside the utility space and partially outside the utility space (see Figure 2).

[0123] Utility space 101 can be used to house one or more rotational resistance mechanisms (RRM) 300, weights such as dumbells 279, or other accessories. The dumbells in one embodiment are positioned on a dumbbell rack 280 within the utility space 101 with access to the dumbells by reaching down between the first and second elongate side rails. In another embodiment, the racks are wheeled such that the dumbells and rack can be translated outside the utility space and then the selected dumbell is lifted off the rack. Similarly, the racks can becoupled to the rails, legs and / or frame of the reformer and slid open like drawers again exposing the dumbells and rack to the user. Note in Figures 4-5 that the superior facing surfaces of RRM 300 (i.e. hood 736) are situated between the elongate side rails. These superior facing surfaces offer additional options for elevated foot placement during exercise. For example, the user can place one foot on the RRM 300 while their other foot is placed on the carriage while standing and performing a hip abduction exercise. In addition, as depicted in Figure 13, superior surfaces on the moveable carriage 150 can be horizontal or angled from horizontal (i.e. headrest 238). Both of these surfaces can be used for foot support during various exercises on the machine. In some cases, the angled from horizontal surface will reduce slippage during exercise.

[0124] In some embodiments, such as depicted in Figure 11, a redirection pulley 331 is secured to a jump board 264 to redirect an elongate resistance band 302 extending from the RRM 300 towards the user. In this case, the user plants their feet on the angled jump board while sitting on the carriage, then grasps force handle 348 (i.e. rowbar) to simulate a rowing motion. This configuration works well, however, it requires the user lifting the jump board in and out of the machine when transitioning between typical Pilates reformer exercises (carriage spring mode) and rowing (rowing mode). As noted here, jump board 264 is supported both by RRM 300 and foot-hand bar 247. In some embodiments, the jump board comprises an exercise monitor 752 to provide visual data to the user regarding exercise progress. The visual data includes typical data used in cardio exercise machines or can include other media such as video of rivers or lakes to give the user a better simulated rowing experience. The exercise monitor 752 can include a wired or wireless connection (i.e. Bluetooth) to the RRM 300. Sensors in the RRM sense metrics such as RPMs and forces imparted by the user on the machine for example, and then display these metrics on the monitor for the user to see. In some cases, the monitor can display gamified media to show the user exercising against a virtual competitor or a real competitor on another machine. In some embodiments, the monitor is inset below the jumping surface of the jump board for protection from jumping and can further be shielded with a reinforced cover or padding when the jumpboard is being used.

[0125] As noted in at least Figure 1 and Figure 2, a RRM 300 can be completely supported by fasteners or welding to the rails or frame of the reformer. In alternative embodiments, such as depicted in Figures 7-8, an RRM is substantially ground / floor supported, however, the RRM canbe fixated to rails, legs, or other frame to resist movement with respect to the reformer especially during exercises such as rowing. An advantage to this technique is for retrofitting RRMs to existing reformer machines. In many cases, the nature of a reformer’s rails, legs, or frame, make it difficult to secure an RRM without substantial machining operations. This is difficult since thousands if not millions of reformers are in operation around the world and performing the required machining operations to add an RRM to these machines is likely to be very difficult and expensive. Floor mounted RRMs, on the other hand, are easily retrofitted and secured to existing reformer machines. In fact, in this configuration, the RRM can be set on the supporting floor, then the reformer lowered over the RRM and the two are interlocked together. Alternatively, the RRM can be lowered between the spaced elongate side rails, then interlocked to a portion of the reformer such as the legs, frame, or rails. Note for example, the RRM of Figure 7-8 comprises a floor brace 680 secured at the bottom of RRM 300. One or more enclosure legs 681 extend downward to feet 682. Foot pads 683 cover enclosure feet 682 and can be adjustable to compensate for irregularities in the floor surface. RRM 300 (Figure 7-8) can comprise features to secure it to a reformer while simultaneously being floor supported. For example, support wings 684 can extend laterally from the RRM for fixation to the host reformer’s frame and / or legs. These can be secured using fasteners 634 or clamp mechanisms 685 that hold the RRM secure to the reformer. Similarly, a fixation cup 686 can extend upwards and couple with an edge of rail or frame member that is positioned within the fixation cup. Here the fixation cups are depicted as U-shaped. In other embodiments, fixation cups 686 are rounded such as depicted in Figure 40. A fixation cup sleeve 687, typically a polymer, can be utilized to improve the fit between the fixation cup and a feature on a reformer. Again, if needed, a clamp mechanism 685 or fasteners 634 can be used to secure the RRM to the reformer. Releasing the clamp or removing the fasteners will once again allow the reformer to be removed from the RRM. This method of adding an RRM to existing reformers will increase the ease for which it is done and provide larger populations with this cardio option.

[0126] Figures 9 depicts one embodiment of the internal components of an RRM as might be used in the embodiment depicted in at least Figures 1-2. Figure 10 is an exploded view of these components. The RRM internal components are mounted within RRM enclosure 726. Secured using fasteners (such as screws and barrel nuts 418) to the bottom wall 729, is lower deck plate416, whereas secured between the first side wall 730 and second side wall 732 is upper deck plate 414. Bearing recesses 419 inset in the deck plates seat lower bearing 450 and upper bearing 448. A shaft capture 451 inset in the upper and lower deck plates receives and secures an end of pivot shafts 449. Load shaft 352 with first plate restraint 371 extends upward though the bottom wall, though the lower deck plate 416, through lower bearing 450, through recoil bushing 500, through drive clutch 504, and through upper bearing 448. Drive clutch 504 comprises a spool 505 with internal unidirectional bearing 507. As noted in the Figure, secured to and wrapped in one direction on the spool is elongate resistance band 302, whereas wrapped around another portion of the same or adjacent spool in the opposite direction is elastic recoil cord 378. Recoil pulleys 498 and clutch pulleys 506 spin about pivot shafts 449 that are seated in the upper deck plate and lower deck plate and steer the path of the respective elongate resistance band 302 and elastic recoil cord 378. As depicted in the Figure, elongate resistance band 302 is wound in one direction about the spool of the drive clutch, whereas the elastic recoil cord 378 is wound in the opposing direction such that when the elongate resistance band is drawn, elastic recoil cord 378 is winding and thus tightening in preparation to recoil the elongate resistance band on a return stroke. As noted elsewhere, the Eddy current type of rotational resistance can be removed and substituted with fluid based resistance (liquid and air), frictional resistance, and robotic electric motors. Figure 45 depicts these same internal components but within a different RRM enclosure 726.

[0127] Figures 18-20 depict yet another variation of a rotational resistance mechanism 300 depicted here at the second end of the MFTCEM. In this embodiment, as before, RRM enclosure 726 comprises a top wall 753, a bottom wall 729, a first side wall 730, and a second side wall 732 which together form RRM enclosure 726. In this case, first side wall 730 is removeable to access internal components housed in internal RRM space 731. In figures 19A, 19B, and 20, first side wall 730 is removed for viewing. In addition, elongate resistance band 302 and elastic recoil cord 378 are removed to best view other internal components. As depicted previously, one or more support straps 301 and / or support wings 684 which may extend from a pulley wall 727 can be used to support the RRM enclosure 726 to the rails, legs, and / or frame of the machine. The RRM 300 depicted in Figure 18-20 provides for independent resistance to each of the two elongate resistance bands. This is depicted in Figure 19B with the enclosureremoved where a first drive clutch 690 and a second drive clutch 691 are stacked on load shaft 352. The first and second drive clutch utilize internal uni-directional bearings such that when driven by the user applying force on an elongate resistance band, the drive clutch will consequently be driven causing the load shaft and load plate to turn against resistance. When the user stops applying force, the stretched elastic recoil cord 378 wrapped in an opposite direction on the drive clutch, recoils the elongate resistance band around the drive clutch. Therefore, first drive clutch 690 and second drive clutch 691 work independently to move load shaft 352. A portion of each of these drive clutches are wound in one direction by elongate resistance band 302, and wound in the opposite direction by elastic recoil cord 378. One or more clutch pulleys 506 can be used to direct the elongate resistance band, whereas one or more recoil pulleys 498 can be used to direct the elastic recoil cord. Securing load shaft 352 in the specified location in the enclosure is an upper bearing 448 coupled in an upper deck plate 414, and a lower bearing 450 coupled in a lower deck plate 416. In this case, bearing recesses 419 in the form of bearing sleeves are fixed to the deck plates.

[0128] In some embodiments, the MFTCEM 100 comprises an upright mast 282 extending upward from one end of the MFTCEM as also depicted in Figure 11, 22, 23. The upward mast is a known accessory for reformers. It can include a push through bar 286 and a plurality of mast hooks 288 for connecting springs. Here the upright mast is a generally inverted U-shape with the inferior end fixed to the elongate side rails and / or other frame portions of the machine. Note in Figure 11, the upright mast extends from a machine end opposite the foot-hand bar, whereas in other embodiments the upright mast extends from the same end as the foot-hand bar. In alternative embodiments, the upright mast can assume other shapes, for example, the upright mast can be T-shaped, or be supported by only one mast leg 284.

[0129] In some embodiments, the upright mast 282 can also be configured to function as an upper body cardio exerciser. For example, Figure 11 depicts a RRM 300 that is positioned in the utility space 101 at the second end of the MFTCEM. Upright mast 282 supports a pair of spaced superior redirection pulleys 342 near the superior end of the upright mast. A pair of inferior redirection pulleys 343 are mounted adjacent the respective RRM 300 to direct elongate resistance bands from the respective RRM 300 towards the respective superior redirection pulleys 342. In this configuration, the user standing at the end of the machine can grasp withtheir hands the left and right force handles 348 hanging from pulleys at the top of upright mast 282. These force handles can be configured to independently drive the rotational resistance mechanism through individual drive clutches corresponding to each elongate resistance band (Figure 11). In alternative embodiments, the force handles are interdependent wherein together they drive an individual drive clutch that turns the drive shaft of the RRM. When configured such that each force handle is independent of the other, the user can simulate a typical alternating ‘single poling’ cross country ski motion. When configured such that each force handle is interdependent on the other, this motion tends to simulate a ‘double polling’ type of cross country ski motion. In this case, only a single elongate resistance band 302 is utilized to rotate the load shaft.

[0130] As depicted in Figure 11, force handles 348 coupled to elongate resistance bands from an RRM can be positioned adjacent the inferior redirection pulleys at a low position (ankle-knee height). A user can use these force handles 348 to pull resistance from a low position. Elongate resistance bands from force handles 348 nearer the superior redirection pulleys 342 are configured in some embodiments to couple / uncouple from the ends of the lower force handles. This option therefore provides both high and low cardio exercise by coupling / uncoupling the elongate resistance bands traveling superiorly from the inferiorly placed force handles. The low force handle can be equipped with an ankle strap as yet another option. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the lower force handles are absent and the elongate resistance bands can travel continuously from the RRM and around both the inferior and superior redirection pulleys to superiorly located force handles thus bypassing the use of inferiorly placed force handles.

[0131] Note in Figure 18, superior redirection pulleys 342 can be repositioned to face the first end of the machine (or a set of redirection pulleys facing toward and a set facing away from the first end of the machine as depicted). In this case (facing the first end), a user can grasp with hands or feet, these superiorly positioned force handles to exercise while sitting, kneeling, or laying on the movable carriage. In addition, the user can use these force handles while standing over or on the moveable carriage, thereby providing additional exercise possibilities.

[0132] Again, note that the MFTCEM depicted in Figure 11 comprises an RRM at opposing ends of the machine to enable the rowing mode at the first end 104, and standing ski motion at the second end 106. In some embodiment’s, multiple variations of the MFTCEM are possible.For example, a translating carriage exercise machine can be configured with any single RRM or combinations of RRMs on the same machine thereby providing the machine the capability for a wide range of cardio exercises while the user is positioned on the carriage, over the carriage, or positioned next to the MFTCEM in standing, kneeling, sitting, or any floor supported position. As depicted in Figure 11, multiple users can exercise on the machine simultaneously. Given the value of community for people who wish to exercise together, this is another attractive benefit of the machine when the machine is used in a home or studio. Couples can now share in exercise programs on a single exercise machine.

[0133] Figures 3-4 depict one embodiment of an RRM enclosure 726 which in this embodiment is manufactured from sheet metal. RRM enclosures can assume a variety of forms, manufactured from a variety of materials including metals and polymers. In some embodiments, the enclosure is at least partially casted (i.e. Figure 46). The RRM enclosure houses and stabilizes most of the mechanical components of the RRM. For example, RRM enclosure 726 is configured to house the mechanical components depicted in Figure 9 and in the exploded view of Figure 10 in an internal RRM space 731. In this embodiment, RRM enclosure 726 comprises a plurality of sides including first side wall 730 spaced from second side wall 732. A pulley wall 727 is utilized to support a redirection pulley 331 (or a redirection arm 385 supporting redirection pulleys) and can extend laterally via support wings 684 (Figure 7) for fixation to leg or frame members 127 via welds or fasteners. A resistance band outlet 728 extends through the pulley wall 727 to provide a passage for the elongate resistance band to exit the RRM. A bottom wall 729 (in the Figure 4 embodiment, replaced by lower deck plate 416 in Figure 45 embodiment) extends between first side wall 730 and second side wall 732 at the bottom of the RRM. A load shaft outlet 740 extends through the bottom wall (lower deck plate) for passage of the load shaft with encircling fastener holes extending through for holding the load shaft position. At the top of the Figure 4 RRM, a control wall 733 extends between the side walls and partially across the top of the RRM. A resistance control 744 extends between control wall 733 and bottom wall 729. A removable hood 736 covers the remaining open top of the RRM and extends between first side wall 730 and second side wall 732. The hood is secured to the rest of the RRM enclosure using fasteners. When the fasteners are removed, the hood can be lifted off thereby providing access to the internal RRM space. One or more enclosure windows 734 alsoprovide access to the internal RRM space and can be covered with a removable access cover 735 using screws, Velcro, snaps, ridges, etc. A recoil outlet 739, provides an outlet for an elastic recoil cord 378 that is anchored on the machine a sufficient distance from the RRM for rewinding the elongate resistance band 302 during a rowing return stroke following a power stroke. In this embodiment (Figure 4), hood 736 is sloped on one end forming an angled foot rest support wall 738 to support jump board 264 or foot rest 310 when it is utilized. A foot rest capture 737 angles upward for cupping the jump board. One or more support straps 301 (Figure 3) can be used to support RRM enclosure 726. In this embodiment, support strap 301 is a flat bottom V shape that extends upward for fastening to anchoring points on a reformer while supporting one end of the RRM enclosure.

[0134] Figure 4 and 15 depict one style of resistance control 744 as it is positioned between the control wall 733 and bottom wall 729. This assembly is used to adjust resistance provided by Eddy currents by controlling the alignment of magnets 674 with a metallic non-magnetic load plate 370 (i.e. aluminum / aluminum alloys). In alternative embodiments, it could be used to adjust resistance in RRMs using other forms of resistance such as an electric motor, or frictional resistance. As depicted in Figure 15, resistance control 744 comprises a control knob 745 with raised knob splines 750 facing upward that interface with spline recesses 751. Control shaft 746 is non-circular at a superior end and slidingly engages a complementing channel in the control knob. A knob spring 749 biases control knob 745 upward such that knob splines 750 seat within similarly spaced spline recesses 751 extending through control wall 733. Therefore, a user can push downward on control knob 745 and rotate resistance control 744 to a preferred resistance level and upon release, the knob splines 750 reseat in new spline recess 751 holding the resistance control in the new position. A mid-portion of control shaft 746 is threaded, whereas a distal end of the shaft comprises a pair of spaced magnet mount plates 675 on which opposed magnets 614 are secured. This defines a plate gap 677 therebetween. Shaft retainer 747 is seated on the threaded portion of control shaft 746 and by advancing shaft retainer 747 against opposed shaft bushings 748, resistance control 744 is secured in position within bottom wall 729. A control shaft outlet 743 extends through bottom wall 729 for seating of shaft bushings 748 and passing the control shaft 746 through.

[0135] Figure 14 and 16 depict another option for resistance in a RRM. In this embodiment, a magnet array 671 comprises a pair of opposed magnet mount plates 675 that are separated by a pair of U-shaped spacing forks 673. One or more pairs of opposed magnets 674 are fixed to the inside facing faces of magnet mount plate 675 defining a plate gap 677 therebetween. As noted in Figure 16, a non-magnetic metallic disc 370 spins within plate gap 677 and is resisted by Eddy currents. Some embodiments include a linear positioning system whereby the magnet array can be adjusted toward or away from axis A thereby changing how much of the load plate occupies the gap (see arrow) and thus adjusting resistance that the user experiences during exercise.

[0136] In some embodiments, Figures 27-29 for example, an RRM 300 is secured to one or more of the frame, rails, or legs of a reformer within the utility space. In the embodiments depicted, the RRM is positioned with a substantially vertical load shaft 352. A removeable orbital crank arm 761 is coupled to the vertical load shaft 352 (i.e. socket to socket wrench, pinned etc.) and provides the user, who is seated on the carriage, an orbital upper extremity resistance from the RRM secured below. Orbital crank arm 761 comprises an orbital drive arm 762 that couples with the load shaft 352 of the RRM wherein manual forces from a user on an orbital drive handle 764 along orbital resistance path 760 provides an orbital exercise resistance to the user moving portions of the user’s body through beneficial orbital planes rather than linear planes. Extending radially from orbital drive arm 762 is orbital torsion arm 763 distancing orbital drive handle 764 from axis A. In alternative embodiments, orbital torsion arm 763 extends like spokes to an outer ring having an outer diameter reflecting orbital resistance path 760. In this case, the user can grasp the outer diameter of the ring and turn it as if it was a resisted steering wheel, consequently providing yet another form of upper extremity and trunk exercise. The orbital torsion arm can be of a fixed length or can be adjustable in length to best serve the sizing needs of the user. When the user has completed using orbital crank arm 761, it can be removed by lifting superiorly. The user can then resume standard exercises on the reformer.

[0137] The rotational resistance mechanisms used with a reformer can utilize resistance using one or more of fluids (liquid or air), contact friction, or magnetic fields (i.e. electromagnetic, Eddy currents, electromotive forces, electric motors). In some embodiments, the resistance provided by these mechanisms can be adjusted by the user or remotely by a class leader usingwireless communication, whereas in other mechanisms the resistance cannot be adjusted. For example, an Eddy current based resistance mechanism can include stationary magnets that are not able to be moved to make the magnetic field stronger or weaker. In other mechanisms, the magnets are moveable in relation to the spinning disc to adjust resistance output by linear translation or pivoting of a magnet array. In some embodiments, the rotational resistance mechanisms utilize battery power or an external power source such as plugging into a standard 110V electrical outlet. In some cases this power is used to create a magnetic field as resistance. In some embodiments, the MFTCEM utilizes a RRM that is electromotive or electromagneic. In this alternative, an electric motor 754 with electric controller 755 (Figure 2) controls rotation of the load shaft 352 and consequently the resistance forces to the user as imparted through the elongate resistance bands (i.e. ropes, cables, etc). The elongate resistance bands can terminate and provide resistance in any variety of force handles 348 or other components such as moveable carriage 150 (Figure 2), or a row bar (Figure 1) for example. In some embodiments, the force handle can be in the form of a weighted bar 251 which can have a separate elongate resistance band 302 or carriage rope (162,168) coupled to each end of the weighted bar (as depicted by the dashed line in Figure 17). Sensors in the machine can track various forces and velocity imparted on the load shaft and via use of a controller, control the speed and forces at which the load shaft rotates. The user can control resistance and velocity through controls such as push buttons, sliders, touch screens, voice activated, and the like known in the art. In some cases, values in the controls can be digital to represent a digital weight and / or velocity that an elongate resistance band can move. In some embodiments, resistance can be preprogrammed to simulate different intensities. A path that an elongate resistance band 302 can take when resisted by an RRM to resist movement of the moveable carriage 150 is depicted by the dashed line in Figure 2. As depicted here, the elongate resistance band can be routed for carriage resistance (Figure 2) or for rowing resistance (Figure 1). In preferred embodiments, there is a releasable connection at the row bar handle and at the carriage to allow switching the elongate resistance band therebetween. In a third choice, a user can position themselves at the end of the MFTCEM and exercise from a floor supported standing / sitting / kneeling position while grasping force handle 348 (dotted line). In a fourth choice, the user can choose to not use the elongate resistance band 302 and instead utilize the spring (elastic tension members 156) resistance in a carriage spring mode.

[0138] As noted previously, as the elongate resistance band 302 is pulled by force of a user, it unravels from spool 505 of drive clutch 504 and drives the load shaft 352 through the unidirectional bearing. Simultaneously, the elastic recoil cord 378 coils around the spool, consequently tightening the elastic recoil cord. When force by the user is released, the elastic recoil cord 378 uncoils from the spool of the drive clutch as the elongate resistance band recoils around the spool utilizing the slip direction of the unidirectional bearing. When a drive clutch is used for both a left sided and a right sided handle, the user can simulate independent bilateral exercises such as a cross-country skiing motion when standing in front of the upright mast 282.

[0139] Elongate resistance bands 302 utilized in the MFTCEM can be routed by the use of redirection pulleys 331 in a multitude of directions depending on the exercise targeted. As depicted in Figure 11, a redirection pulley 331 is mounted to a jump board 264 in order to align the elongate resistance band at a height for use in a rowing mode whereby the redirection pulley redirects an elongate resistance band towards a user sitting on the moveable carriage 150. In other embodiments, a redirection pulley 331 can instead be mounted to a redirection arm 385 extending upwards from an end of the MFTCEM. The redirection arm 385 is utilized to direct the elongate resistance band 302 from the rotational resistance mechanism 300 to a redirection pulley 331. In some embodiments, redirection arm 385 can pivot between an activated position where it positions a redirection pulley in an operable mode and an unactivated position where it is stored out of the way. In some embodiments, a removable redirection pulley assembly 384 comprising redirection arm 385 and one or more redirection pulleys 331 can be released from its anchor base 387 and put aside until needed.

[0140] In some embodiments, an exercise monitor 752 is submersed within the redirection arm 385 as depicted in Figure 7. In other embodiments, exercise monitor 752 extends from the side of the redirection arm as depicted in Figure 8. In yet other embodiments, an exercise monitor 752 is coupled to the RRM or extends from the reformer’s rails, legs, upright mast, or other frame portion (Figure 11). Given that the MFTCEM is a multi-functional machine, it would be most convenient to have an exercise monitor at a variety of locations on the machine for viewing purposes. With that in mind, exercise monitor 752 can be in the form of a monitor mount, such as a spring loaded cell phone or tablet holder fixed to the machine making it simple for the user to view their exercise programs or graphs at a variety of locations on the MFTCEM by movingtheir display from holder to holder. To keep the drawings simple, the wide variety of locations are not depicted.

[0141] As noted in the Figure 11 embodiment, jump board 264 comprises an integrated redirection pulley 331. This jump board is lifted out and set aside when the user wishes to utilize the carriage with spring resistance for standard reformer exercise. In an alternate embodiment, no jump board is utilized. Instead, as depicted in Figure 6, a more manageable foot rest 310 is utilized. Foot rest 310 has a much smaller profile, yet it includes a first foot restraint 316 spaced from a second foot restraint 318 and one or more hindfoot restraints 320 to secure the back of the user’s foot during rowing exercise on the machine. Figure 6 depicts foot rest 310 in an operable position, however, for storage, foot rest 310 is lifted from the operable position and slid backwards and resting on one or more support strap 301 (Figure 5) which is low enough to assure the carriage springs will not interfere with it during carriage translation. As an alternative, foot rest 310 is stored by lowering it on to an extended portion of floor brace 680 within the utility space between the pair of spaced rails as depicted in Figure 12. As yet another alternative, foot rest 310 is lowered to the floor within the utility space between the pair of spaced rails.

[0142] It can be difficult to locate suitable places on a reformer to mount a RRM to the rails, legs, or other frame members. Rather than redesigning the reformer for this purpose, modifications to the extrusions commonly used in construction of reformers can be made to make mounting simple. For example, Figures 30A-30C depicts a cross-section of a reformer rail that includes a wheel track in which wheels of a translatable carriage move, and a foot-hand bar track which houses portions of a foot-hand bar for movement to various positions along the extrusion. Drilling through these extruded walls to use fasteners for fixation of an RRM will corrupt the wheel track. However, without disrupting other aspects of the reformer, the extrusion profile can be modified to add an RRM retainer wall 757 extending downward from the extrusion below the wheel track. Figures 30A-30C depict just some of the various configurations that can be used for the RRM retainer wall 757 (i.e. L,l, U). Holes are then drilled through the RRM retainer wall to accept fasteners for mounting an RRM without corrupting the wheel track. Figure 31 depicts a cross section through a side rail of another common reformer construct wherein an ‘L’ shaped extrusion is fastened to an elongate rectangular wood plank 758. In this embodiment, an RRM retainer wall 757 extends downward from the ‘L’ and provides aplace for securing an RRM without disrupting the wheel track. Figure 32 depicts yet another common reformer rail construct which is a rectangular extruded aluminum alloy that again is fastened to wood plank 758. In this case, the RRM can be fastened through the bottom and / or side (see enlarged white arrows) of the rectangular extruded rail without disrupting the wheel track. In some cases, the RRM can be fastened through the wood plank 758 although this can corrupt the outside appearance of the plank. Figure 33 depicts yet another common profile of a metal extrusion for a reformer rail. In this profile, a hidden chamber extends between the foothand bar track and the wheel track. Fasteners can be extended upwards into the hidden chamber to secure the RRM without disrupting the foot-hand bar track or wheel track (see white arrow). Rivet nuts can be used in these applications to create strong threads within the drilled holes for fixation of the RRM.

[0143] Figures 22-26 depict additional configurations for expanding the cardio exercise capabilities of reformer machines while occupying minimal space, maximizing member throughput and community building between members. For example, Figure 22 depicts a cardio machine known in the industry as a climber 700 machine that simulates the cardio exercise one would endure when mountain climbing. Here the climber is being partially supported by an upright mast 282 extending upwards from MFTCEM 100. In this embodiment, climber 100 comprises a climber rail 706 with a pair of opposed spaced rail channels 707 within claimer rail 706 (left side / right side). Translating within rail channels 707 are a pair of glide shoes 705 that roll or glide within the rail channels. There is an upper glide shoe and a lower glide shoe housed within each rail channel. Releasably fixed to each upper glide shoe is an upper extremity handle 702 for a user to grasp with their hands. Releasably fixed to each lower glide shoe is a foot block 704 used to support a user’s foot. Grasping one upper extremity handle 702 in each hand and stepping on one foot block 704 with each foot, the user is able to simulate climbing by movement of the foot blocks and upper extremity handles with their glide shoes up and down the climber rail channels 707. In some embodiments, the foot blocks and upper extremity handles are coupled by cables or similar flexible members. A climber upper support 716 can be utilized and be extended to upright mast 282 to stabilize climber 700. At an inferior end, a climber base support 710 is utilized to support the device with the floor. In some embodiments, the climber base support is shaped to complement the profile of the reformer thereby ensuring the climber is 24available, yet minimizing footprint of the MFTCEM. A mid support 708 can be utilized as a support bar for the user to grasp with their hands to provide overall balance safety for the user, and relieve force on the user’s legs as needed during exercise. In addition, the mid support can be used to focus on stepping without use of the upper extremity handles. In this embodiment, mid support 708 is substantially U-shaped for partially encircling the user’s body.

[0144] At a superior end of the climber 700, a climber RRM 714 can be used to adjust resistance to the movement of the hand and feet components. A climber display and controls 712 can be included to adjust resistance and give typical exercise related data on the screen. (The climber in the drawings depicts a central climber rail with a pair of opposed spaced rail channels within the climber rail 706. In alternative climber embodiments, a pair of spaced climber rails with a rail channel in each is utilized. These are angled from the ground with each climber rail supported by a leg of the upright mast. Extending medially from the rail channels are the foot blocks and upper extremity handles such that the user exercises between the climber rails.) Adjacent to the climber in Figure 22 is a pair of elongate resistance bands 302 terminating in force handles 348 which can be used as noted previously to simulate skiing motion (or alternately from an inferior position). Adjacent to the climber in Figure 22 is a stationary bike 770. Stationary bike 770 comprises a bike body 786 that serves as the frame of the bike to hold the bike components together. Housed within bike body 786 is bike RRM 780. This can be in the form of any of the resistance types as discussed previously (i.e. air, water, friction, magnets, electric motor etc.). The depicted bike RRM utilizes Eddy currents, with magnets, and a nonmagnetic metallic disc 370 (i.e. aluminum). In some embodiments, the axis for the non-magnetic metallic disc and the spin axis of crank arm and spindle 776 are separated, whereas in this embodiment, they are aligned resulting in a much smaller footprint as depicted here. This is possible through the use of a planetary gear set 778 that is utilized making co-alignment with non-magnetic metallic disc 370 possible. Bike pedals 774 are fitted at the end of each crank arm of crank arm and spindle 776. A portion of the bike body 786 in this embodiment is stabilized through use of bike stabilizer 790 that is secured to upright mast 282 although stationary bike 770 can be configured with supports to balance itself (i.e. expanded bike base 792). Again the bike base is shaped to complement the profile of the reformer to minimize footprint. Extending from a superior portion of bike body 786 is one or more bike handles 788 and the bike can also 25include a bike display and controls 782 for adjusting resistance as well as a bike seat with adjustable post 784. As depicted in this Figure 22 embodiment, a user is able to engage in a full reformer workout in addition to cardio exercises such as rowing, skiing (hi-lo exerciser 341), climbing and biking, all on the same machine and all within a very small space. Within a studio, these workouts can be done with multiple members simultaneously thus providing the time efficient community workout so many crave. The MFTCEM can be of course, configured with a different arrangement of cardio machines or with one or more of the cardio machines removed. Figures 23A and Figure 23B depicts a side view and a top view of the Figure 22 embodiment. In alternative embodiments, a MFTCEM includes a low position force handle 348 for low standing resistance from RRM 300 at the first end of the machine (Figure 23A). Of course, this same elongate resistance band 302 can be used with a row bar for rowing exercise (Figure 23B). In some embodiments, the MFTCEM 100 is absent an upright mast. In this case, expanded bases of these cardio machines are expanded in size yet are shaped to complement the reformer to assure stabilization of the machines while minimizing footprint.

[0145] Figure 24-25 depict yet another embodiment of a reformer with several elements removed for simplicity purposes. Removed elements are depicted elsewhere in the Figures. This embodiment depicts a stationary platform 124 that can be positioned on either end or both ends of the reformer machine between or on top of and between the elongate side rails. These stationary platforms can be used for standing, sitting, and / or to push off or rest hands and / or feet. In these embodiments, the stationary platforms are positioned above the end rails. As noted previously in Figure 17, pulley mast and carriage pulleys can rise upward from the end rail. However, as depicted in Figure 20, pulley masts and carriage pulleys can extend from upright mast 282. As depicted in Figures 24-25, the pulley mast and carriage pulleys can extend from the side of the rails, legs, or other frame members of the reformer. The pulley mast can include support surfaces for placement of the user’s hands or feet during an exercise routine. As stated previously, foot-hand bar 247 can be in the form of a continuous bar extending from one side of the machine to the other. In some embodiments, foot-hand bar 247 is rotatable from an upright position or rotated downward as depicted in Figure 24-26. In some embodiments, the foot-hand bar is translatable along the rails in a foot-hand bar track (see Figure 30, 33) and fixed in a desired position for exercise. In some embodiments, foot-hand bar 247 can be in the form of a26pair of stationary bars or tubes extending upward from one end of the machine. Portions of this bar can be vertical, angled, and horizontal as depicted in Figure 24-25. As noted in the Figures, mast legs 284 of upright mast 282 can be spaced away from the elongate side rails to provide the user additional room to function when attempting to use the foot-hand bars at the second end of the machine. As depicted in Figure 26, a modified stationary bike 794 can be placed adjacent one of the stationary platforms 124. In this case, the user sits on stationary platform 124 and places their feet on bike pedals 774 and pedals as if engaging with a recumbent bike. As before, modified stationary bike 794 can comprise a bike RRM with planetary gearset if desired. This will help reduce the footprint size. A back support can be added to the stationary platform if so desired. In yet another alternative, upright bike handle 796 can be secured to a mast leg 284 and modified stationary bike 794 is positioned to be in alignment with the upright bike handle 796. At this point, the user stands on the pedals 774 of the modified stationary bike and rides as if ‘hill climbing’ on a bicycle, that is, user’s bottom elevated off the bike seat. Although this exercise would be difficult for long periods of time, it weaves in nicely when rotating through other exercises on the machine. In yet another alternative, modified stationary bike 794 is coupled to one of mast legs 284 with a sliding interlocking engagement. Upon elevation of modified stationary bike 794 along the mast leg and locking into position and swapping hand grips for foot pedals, the modified stationary bike can then be used as an upper body exerciser.

[0146] It is noted that currently moveable carriage 150 is biased by springs to the first end of the machine when the springs are engaged. However, the carriage can be configured to be biased towards the second end using reverse springs 159 in Figure 21 in conjunction with spring anchors 122 in Figure 17. In some embodiments, the carriage pulleys can be positioned at the first end and the carriage as depicted in Figure 24 for example, would be rotated 180 degrees. Note also that in some embodiments, the shoulder rests / head rest / cam cleats can be removed to have an unobstructed carriage surface. Carriage ropes can be secured under the carriage.

[0147] When the MFTCEMs are arranged in an exercise studio, the tall upright masts in front of other MFTCEMs may impair vision to viewing monitors at the front of the studio. However, studios can be arranged to have MFTCEMs having tall masts at the outside perimeter of the studio (adjacent side and back walls). Figure 34 depicts one example of this arrangement. Most studios are rectangular in shape and comprise 2 rows of reformer machines. As noted in the 27Figure, the ‘TALL’ MFTCEMs representing those having an upright mast can be positioned at the outside perimeter, whereas those MFTCEMS not having masts are positioned inward from the tall machines and thus will not block viewing access to the monitors.

[0148] RRMs 300 depicted in the drawings are orientated such that the elongate resistance band 302 exits the RRM and travels outward toward a first end 104 or a second end 106 of the MFTCEM 100. In alternative embodiments, an RRM is rotated or redirection pulleys direct elongate tension members 302 to travel laterally outward from elongate side rails 108,110, typically from utility space 101. This creates additional exercise options for users to exercise using elongate resistance band 302 accessible from the sides of the MFTCEM as depicted on the left side of Figure 27.

[0149] New forms of compact RRMs 300A are now available. Examples of these units include VOLTRA1™, ANCORE™, and CABL™. These devices use a variety of mechanisms to create resistance in some cases approaching 200 lbs. while having a very compact footprint. Some use a motorized battery powered resistance, whereas others use ribbon springs and other mechanisms. Mounting one or more of these units at strategic locations on a MFTCEM expands the exercise options for the user. Figure 48 for example, depicts some locations for fixing these compact devices and as depicted in the Figure, they can be used in addition to the RRMs 300 discussed earlier. As noted in Figure 48, one or a pair of compact RRMs 300A can be mounted to the superior portion of upright mast 282. Quick release brackets can be utilized to move the compact RRM to various positions on the machine. The devices can be orientated on the mast such that the elongate resistance bands from them can be directed away from the machine, toward the carriage, or downward where they can be used in either direction. Although not depicted, the compact RRMs can be mounted to the vertical uprights of the upright mast at varying heights from the ground. Compact RRMs 300A can also be secured to the first elongate side rail 108 or second elongate side rail 110 preferably within the utility space but with elongate resistance bands available outside the utility space. Likewise, compact RRMs 300A can also be secured to the first end rail 118 or second end rail 120, again, preferably within the utility space 101 but with elongate resistance bands available outside the utility space. If needed, the MFTCEM can be anchored to a ground surface with floor anchors to increase lift capacity. In some embodiments, a lift platform 798 is utilized wherein one or more compact RRMs are28concealed in the platform. The user can then stand on the platform while grasping force handles individually, or they can grasp a weighted bar extending between a pair of compact RRMs. Alternatively, the elongate resistance band can be routed by pulleys under the lift platform from RRM located in the utility space. Resistance levels can be adjusted on some models of the compact RRMs.

[0150] Figures 35A through 35F depict images from patent filings of a popular reformer that is well known in the art called the Allegro 2® by Balanced Body®. The feature numbers are from the original patent filings and can therefore be ignored. Figures 35G-35J are photos of the end rail of a production model of the Allegro 2®. In its basic form, this reformer is sold without “booster legs” and sits very low to the ground on base legs 801. The booster legs are fastened to the reformer via threaded channels 804 extending upwards in base legs 801. The end rail of this reformer comprises a waffle plate 806 that is configured for mounting a plurality of spring anchors 122 at different heights. The spring anchors bodies are secured by a screw extending through the spring anchor bodies, through the waffle plate, and into a threaded nut as depicted in Figures 35G and 35H. This reformer end rail also comprises at least one pair of spaced end rail ribs 808 which define one or more end rail cavities 809. Protruding downward are a pair of drop cylinders 810 that protrude downward and have a centered cylinder aperture 812 with cylinder fasteners 814 placed radially from the cylinder aperture. Handrail fasteners 816 secure a handrail on one side of the rail. These features will be used in various ways to secure one or more RRMs to the Allegro 2®.

[0151] Figures 40-44 depict variations of a RRM suited for mating to various structural features of reformer machines. For example, Figure 40 depicts a RRM 300 having a pair of spaced fixation cups 686 extending upward from upper deck plate 414. The fixation cups are aligned to engage with drop cylinder 810 that extends downward from the end rail (Fig. 35H). A fixation cup sleeve (i.e. polymer, felt, etc.) can be used to tighten the fit of the coupling. Alternatively, an engagement boss 688 can be utilized to engage within end rail cavities 809. Various parts of the engagement boss are spaced to accommodate end rail rib 808. The RRM 300 in Figure 41 utilizes a spaced pair of engagement posts 689 extending upward from upper deck plate 414 and are configured for engagement into cylinder apertures 812. The RRM in Figure 42 utilizes a pair of spaced structural wings 693 having a profile to match the juncture 29between the side rails and end rail of a reformer (see Figure 35E and 35F). The structural wings have screw holes and pin holes to match the end and side rails and thus be clamped therebetween. The RRM in Figure 43 utilizes a contoured match plate 694 extending upwards from upper deck plate 414. The match plate has a profile to align with and engage with waffle plate 806 and receive through fastener holes, fasteners used to secure spring anchors 122. The match plate may also engage with fasteners used in handrail fasteners 816 thereby fixating the RRM to the end rail and limiting its movement during exercise. The RRM in Figure 44 utilizes a pair of opposed floor wings 695 that extend laterally from the RRM enclosure. The floor wings match the contour of the bottom of the reformer legs and are fastened into threaded channels extending into the legs.

[0152] Figures 36-39, 45, 47 depict a rotational resistance mechanism 300 that fastens to the base legs of a reformer such as the Allegro 2®. In this embodiment, RRM 300 comprises a booster leg plate 818 comprising a pair of spaced booster legs 802 having fastener channels 822 for receiving a fastener to secure each booster leg to the respective reformer base leg and simultaneously securing the RRM to the reformer’s end rail. Pin channels 824 are also utilized to assure strong alignment between the base leg and booster leg 802. The booster leg plate 818 stabilizes the RRM during exercise as the user pulls against the machine during exercises such as rowing. In some embodiments, a full-length booster assembly 801 is utilized as depicted in Figure 47. Here, a pair of spaced booster leg plates 818 are aligned with the four base legs of the reformer. Integrated into the full-length booster assembly 801 is at least one RRM 300. However, as depicted in Figure 47, more than one RRM can be integrated. The RRM on the left in Figure 47 can be used for rowing mode, whereas the RRM on the right in Figure 47 is a variation of the RRM used in ski mode in Figure 11. An intermediate strut 826 extending between RRM enclosures 726 of each RRM gives added stability to full length booster assembly 801. In one form, intermediate strut 826 is in the form of a tube or an inverted ‘U’ profile. The inner cavity of the intermediate strut can be used to hide elastic recoil cord 378 as it travels for anchoring at an opposed end of the machine.

[0153] Figures 36-39 depict a RRM having a pivoting foot rest. Upper foot rest 828 is deployed in Figure 36 as needed for row mode. However, to provide room for the carriage springs during carriage mode, the upper part of the foot rest (upper foot rest 828), is repositioned.30In one embodiment, a foot rest hinge 832 is positioned such that upper foot rest 828 can pivot downward as depicted in Figure 37 where it is partially stored, until the upper foot rest is fully pivoted to a fully stored position as depicted in Figure 38. Alternatively, the upper foot rest can be released and repositioned out of the way by the use of locking pins, positioning pins, rails, slots, Velcro, and other methods known in the art or using those methods depicted in Figures 5, 12, and 18. As depicted in Figure 39 and other Figures, a load plate guard 834 can be used to encircle all or part of load plate 370 to prevent a user from stepping on and damaging the plate. In this embodiment, the load plate guard 834 is in the form of an elevated wall encircling the load plate and extending from floor braces 680. In other embodiments, the guard continues up and domes the exposed part of the load plate.

[0154] Figures 45, 45B and 46 show various outlet pathways for the elongate resistance band 302 to travel as it leaves the RRM through resistance band outlets 728. On redirection arm 385, there is a lower outlet that travels below the lower redirection pulley 331. There is also an upper outlet that travels above the lower redirection pulley 331 in the event the elongate resistance band is to be anchored to the movable carriage at resistance band anchor 835 for resisted carriage exercises. Figure 45B is a reduced scale view depicting the open back of redirection arm 385.

[0155] Figure 45 depicts a representative exploded view of the RRM in Figures 36-47. In this embodiment, RRM enclosure 726 is in the form of a hollow shell unlike some previous models made of welded sheet metal. In preferred forms this hollow shell is casted in an aluminum or aluminum alloy. The structural makeup of the enclosure is substantially similar to the sheet metal versions and therefore use the same reference numbers. In this version, the wall can have a mild draft angle to facilitate casting. The mechanical components seated inside the enclosure are substantially the same as described previously and again use the same reference numbers. The top of load shaft 352 has access for a roll pin to hold the drive assembly together. Inside the enclosure are a plurality of screw bosses 836 protruding from the first side wall and second side wall and having threaded or untreaded holes. These screw bosses align with fastener channels 822 in lower deck plate 416. Protruding from upper deck plate 414 is bearing recess 419 for seating upper bearing 448 therein. Also protruding from the upper deck plate is at least one shaft capture 451 for seating pivot shaft 449. Similarly, protruding from lower deck plate 416 is bearing recess 419 for seating lower bearing 450 therein and one or more shaft captures 451 for 31seating the other side of pivot shaft 449. See Figure 10 to see additional detail of internal components such as elastic recoil cord 378 and elongate resistance band 302 as they wrap around the pulleys. Once the mechanical components are arranged within internal RRM space 731, lower deck plate 416 is secured using fasteners to screw bosses 836 of the RRM enclosure 726.

[0156] It is noted that the terms "substantially" and "about" and “generally” may be utilized herein to represent the inherent degree of uncertainty that may be attributed to any quantitative comparison, value, measurement, or other representation. These terms are also utilized herein to represent the degree by which a quantitative representation may vary from a stated reference without resulting in a change in the basic function of the subject matter at issue.The foregoing invention has been described in accordance with the relevant legal standards, thus the description is exemplary rather than limiting in nature. Variations and modifications to the disclosed embodiment may become apparent to those skilled in the art and fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:

1. A multi -function translating carriage exercise machine (MFTCEM) comprising: at least one rail; a carriage operable to translate along said at least one rail and operable to support at least a portion of a human during exercise; wherein said carriage is mechanically resisted against movement during operation; a first rotational resistance mechanism operable to provide resistance against exercise; and, a second rotational resistance mechanism operable to provide resistance against exercise.

2. The MFTCEM of claim 1 wherein said carriage mechanical resistance against movement during operation is consequent at least one or the other or both of elastic resistance and rotational resistance mechanisms.

3. The MFTCEM of claim 2 wherein at least one of said first and second rotational resistance mechanisms utilizes electromagnetic resistance.

4. The MFTCEM of claim 2 wherein at least one of said first and second rotational resistance mechanism utilizes at least one of frictional resistance, magnetic resistance, fluid based resistance, and air resistance.

5. The MFTCEM of claim 1 further comprising: at least one or the other or both of a frame and legs supporting said at least one rail above a ground supporting surface defines a utility space below said translating carriage and said ground supporting surface.

6. The MFTCEM of claim 1 further comprising: an elongate resistance band; a row bar; wherein said first rotational resistance mechanism is coupled with said elongate resistance band and said row bar to support a rowing mode on said MFTCEM.

7. The MFTCEM of claim 1 further comprising: an upright mast; a climber; and, wherein said climber at least partially supported by said upright mast.

8. The MFTCEM of claim 1 further comprising: a pair of elongate resistance bands; a pair of spaced superior redirection pulleys fixed at an elevated position above said carriage; said pair of elongate resistance bands extending between said second rotational resistance mechanism and around respective superior redirection pulleys; a pair of force handles; each of said elongate resistance bands being coupled to one of said force handles; and, wherein said pair of force handles are operable for use to simulate a resisted ski motion.

9. The MFTCEM of claim 8 further comprising: a first drive clutch in said second rotational resistance mechanism; a second drive clutch in said second rotational resistance mechanism; and, wherein said one of said elongate resistance bands is wound around said first drive clutch and the other of said elongate resistance band is wound around said second drive clutch.

10. The MFTCEM of claim 1 further comprising: a pair of elongate resistance bands; a pair of spaced inferior redirection pulleys fixed at a position below said carriage; said pair of elongate resistance bands extending between said second rotational resistance mechanism and around respective inferior redirection pulleys; a pair of force handles; each of said elongate resistance bands being coupled to a force handle; and, wherein said pair of force handles are operable for use to simulate a resisted skiing motion.

11. The MFTCEM of claim 1 further comprising: said second rotational resistance mechanism having a load shaft with central axis; an orbital crank arm; said orbital crank arm having an elongate orbital drive arm aligned and engaged with said load shaft; said orbital crank arm having an orbital torsion arm extending outward from said orbital crank arm;an orbital drive handle secured at one end of said orbital torsion arm tor exercising against resistance on said orbital crank arm.

12. The MFTCEM of claim 1 wherein said first rotational resistance mechanism is utilized in a row mode, and wherein said second rotational resistance mechanism is utilized in a ski mode.

13. The MFTCEM of claim 1 further comprising: a stationary platform operable to support a human secured above one end of said at least one rail.

14. The MFTCEM of claim 1 further comprising: an upright mast anchored to one end of said MFTCEM; a pair of spaced superior redirection pulleys; said superior redirection pulleys secured at a superior end of said upright mast; and, one or more elongate resistance bands extending between one of said first or second rotational resistance mechanisms and said superior redirection pulleys.

15. The MFTCEM of claim 1 further comprising: an upright mast; and, wherein at least one rotational resistance mechanism anchored to a superior portion of said upright mast.

16. The MFTCEM of claim 1 wherein at least a portion of one of said first and second rotational resistance mechanisms is partially supported by a ground surface.

17. The MFTCEM of claim 1 further comprising: a redirection arm extending from one at least one of said first and second rotational resistance mechanisms; and, wherein said redirection arm comprises a plurality of pulleys.

18. A multi -function translating carriage exercise machine (MFTCEM) comprising: at least one rail; a carriage operable to translate along said at least one rail and operable to support at least a portion of a human during exercise; wherein said carriage is mechanically resisted against movement during operation; a first rotational resistance mechanism operable to provide resistance against exercise; an upright mast anchored to one end of said MFTCEM;a pair of spaced superior redirection pulleys; said superior redirection pulleys secured at a superior end of said upright mast; and, one or more elongate resistance bands extending between one of said first or second rotational resistance mechanisms and said superior redirection pulleys.

19. The MFTCEM of claim 18 further comprising: a first drive clutch; a second drive clutch; and, wherein said one of said elongate resistance bands is wound around said first drive clutch and the other of said elongate resistance bands is wound around said second drive clutch.

20. The MFTCEM of claim 18 further comprising: force handles coupled to each elongate resistance band; and, wherein grasping said force handles provides for reciprocal motion.

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