Communication method and apparatus, communication device, and chip, storage medium, program and program product

Abstract

Provided in the embodiments of the present application are a communication method and apparatus, a communication device, and a chip, a storage medium, a program and a program product. The communication method comprises: a first device sending / receiving a first frame, wherein the first frame comprises a preamble, the preamble comprises a synchronization information portion, the synchronization information portion is used for acquiring time synchronization and / or frequency synchronization, the synchronization information portion comprises one or more first high-level signals and one or more first low-level signals, and the duration of the first high-level signal is the same as the duration of the first low-level signal.

Description

Communication methods and devices, communication equipment, chips, storage media, programs, and program products Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mobile communication technology, specifically to a communication method and apparatus, communication equipment, chip, computer storage medium, computer program, and computer program product. Background Technology

[0002] In environmental IoT systems, the preamble of a transmission frame includes a start indication section and a synchronization section. Currently, there is no clear method for designing the synchronization section of the preamble.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a communication method and apparatus, a communication device, a chip, a computer storage medium, a computer program, and a computer program product.

[0005] Firstly, a communication method is provided, the method comprising:

[0006] A first device sends / receives a first frame, the first frame including a preamble; the preamble includes a synchronization information portion, the synchronization information portion being used to obtain time synchronization and / or frequency synchronization;

[0007] The synchronization information portion includes one or more first high-level signals and one or more first low-level signals; the duration of the first high-level signal is the same as the duration of the first low-level signal.

[0008] Secondly, a communication device is provided, comprising:

[0009] A communication unit is configured to send / receive a first frame, the first frame including a preamble; the preamble includes a synchronization information portion, the synchronization information portion being used to obtain time synchronization and / or frequency synchronization.

[0010] The synchronization information portion includes one or more first high-level signals and one or more first low-level signals; the duration of the first high-level signal is the same as the duration of the first low-level signal.

[0011] Thirdly, the communication device provided in the embodiments of this application includes a processor and a memory. The memory is used to store computer programs, and the processor is used to call and run the computer programs stored in the memory to execute the aforementioned communication method.

[0012] Fourthly, the chip provided in the embodiments of this application is used to implement the above-described communication method.

[0013] Specifically, the chip includes a processor for retrieving and running a computer program from memory, causing a device equipped with the chip to perform the aforementioned communication method.

[0014] Fifthly, the computer-readable storage medium provided in the embodiments of this application is used to store a computer program that causes a computer to perform the above-described communication method.

[0015] Sixthly, the computer program product provided in the embodiments of this application includes computer program instructions that cause a computer to execute the above-described communication method.

[0016] Seventhly, the computer program provided in the embodiments of this application, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the above-described communication method.

[0017] This application provides a communication method in which a first device sends / receives a first frame, the first frame including a preamble; the preamble includes a synchronization information portion, the synchronization information portion being used to acquire time synchronization and / or frequency synchronization; the synchronization information portion includes one or more first high-level signals and one or more first low-level signals; the duration of the first high-level signal is the same as the duration of the first low-level signal. Thus, the signal structure of the synchronization information portion in the preamble is clearly defined, ensuring normal information transmission. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an environmental Internet of Things (IoT) communication system architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radio frequency energy harvesting module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a backscatter communication principle provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a resistive load modulation principle provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an environmental Internet of Things topology provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an environmental Internet of Things topology provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 7 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a signal structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figures 9A to 9E are schematic diagrams of a preamble signal structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figures 10A to 10E are schematic diagrams of another preamble signal structure provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a signal structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figures 12A to 12C are schematic diagrams of an R2D transmission frame structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] Currently, cellular IoT is booming, and the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has standardized IoT technologies such as Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT), Machine Type Communication (MTC), and Reduced Capability (RedCap). However, there are still many IoT communication needs in various scenarios that cannot be met by existing technologies, such as harsh communication environments (high temperature, extremely low temperature, high humidity, high pressure, high radiation, or high speed movement, etc.), the need for extremely small terminal form factors, and extremely low cost.

[0036] Ambient IoT (A-IoT) can cover the unmet IoT communication needs mentioned above due to its ultra-low cost, extremely small size, and battery-free / maintenance-free characteristics.

[0037] A-IoT communication employs energy harvesting and backscatter communication technologies. A-IoT devices are IoT devices powered by various environmental energy sources, such as radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, and mechanical energy. These devices may have no energy storage capacity or very limited energy storage capacity (e.g., using capacitors with a capacitance of tens of microfarads (µF)). Compared to existing IoT devices, A-IoT devices offer numerous advantages, including no need for conventional batteries, no maintenance, small size, low complexity and low cost, and long lifespan.

[0038] Referring to the schematic diagram of the environmental IoT communication system in Figure 1, the environmental IoT can consist of network devices and A-IoT devices. The network devices are used to send power signals and / or downlink communication signals to the A-IoT devices, and also to receive backscattered signals from the A-IoT devices. A basic A-IoT device may include an energy harvesting module, a backscattered communication module, a low-power computing module, and a sensor module. In addition, the A-IoT device may also have a memory to store basic information (such as object identification) and sensor data such as ambient temperature and humidity.

[0039] In the embodiments of this application, the A-IoT system can also be called a zero-power system, and the A-IoT device can also be called a zero-power device.

[0040] Key technologies for the Internet of Things (IoT) in the environment mainly include radio frequency power harvesting (RF Power Harvesting) and back scattering communication.

[0041] Referring to Figure 2, which shows a schematic diagram of the radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting module, the module includes a diode, a capacitor C, and a resistor RL. In practical applications, the RF energy harvesting module harvests electromagnetic wave energy from space based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, thereby obtaining the energy required to drive A-IoT devices, such as low-power demodulation and modulation modules, sensors, and memory access. This means that A-IoT devices may not require a traditional battery module.

[0042] Referring to Figure 3, which illustrates the principle of backscatter communication, an A-IoT device receives wireless signals from network devices, modulates these signals, loads the information to be transmitted, and radiates the modulated signal from the antenna. This information transmission process is called backscatter communication.

[0043] It should be noted that backscattering and load modulation are inseparable. Load modulation adjusts and controls the circuit parameters of the A-IoT device's oscillation circuit according to the data flow rhythm, thereby changing parameters such as the electronic tag's impedance, thus completing the modulation process.

[0044] Load modulation techniques can include two methods: resistive load modulation and capacitive load modulation. Referring to Figure 4, which illustrates the principle of resistive load modulation, the load RL can be connected in parallel with a resistor R3. This resistor R3 can be switched on or off based on the control of the binary data stream. The switching on and off of resistor R3 causes a change in the circuit voltage, thus achieving Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), i.e., signal modulation and transmission are achieved by adjusting the amplitude of the backscattered signal from the zero-power terminal. Similarly, in capacitive load modulation, the switching on and off of the capacitor can change the circuit's resonant frequency, achieving Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), i.e., signal modulation and transmission are achieved by adjusting the operating frequency of the backscattered signal from the A-IoT device.

[0045] As can be seen, A-IoT devices utilize load modulation to modulate the incoming signal, thereby achieving backscatter communication. Therefore, A-IoT devices have the following significant advantages:

[0046] (1) A-IoT devices do not actively transmit signals, so they do not require complex radio frequency links, such as power amplifiers (PA) and radio frequency filters;

[0047] (2) A-IoT devices do not need to actively generate high-frequency signals, therefore they do not need high-frequency crystal oscillators;

[0048] (3) With the help of backscatter communication, A-IoT devices do not need to consume the terminal's own energy for signal transmission.

[0049] A-IoT devices include the following types:

[0050] Device Type 1: With a peak power consumption of approximately 1 microwatt (~1 μW), it has energy storage capabilities and an initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) of up to 10. X ppm (parts per million) has neither a downlink amplifier nor an uplink amplifier, and uplink transmission is achieved through backscattering of the carrier wave.

[0051] Device type 2a: With peak power consumption of less than or equal to several hundred microwatts (≤ a few hundred μW), energy storage capability, and initial sampling frequency deviation up to 10. X ppm, with a downlink amplifier and / or an uplink amplifier, performs uplink transmission by backscattering the carrier.

[0052] Device type 2b: Peak power consumption of less than or equal to several hundred microwatts (μW), with energy storage capability, and initial sampling frequency deviation of up to 10. X ppm, which has a downlink amplifier and / or an uplink amplifier, is generated internally during uplink transmission and can also be referred to as being based on active transmission.

[0053] Based on the discussion of A-IoT application scenarios according to the 3GPP system architecture (SA)1, A-IoT can be used in at least the following four types of scenarios:

[0054] Object recognition, such as in logistics, production line product management, and supply chain management.

[0055] Environmental monitoring, such as monitoring of temperature, humidity, and harmful gases in the work environment and natural environment.

[0056] Location services, such as indoor positioning, smart item finding, and production line item positioning.

[0057] Intelligent control, such as the intelligent control of various appliances in smart homes (turning on and off air conditioners, adjusting temperature), and the intelligent control of various facilities in agricultural greenhouses (automatic irrigation, fertilization).

[0058] In cellular network-based IoT environments, A-IoT devices can communicate directly with base station devices or through intermediate nodes. Referring to Figure 5, which illustrates the first cellular IoT topology, A-IoT devices can directly transmit and receive carrier waves, data, or signals from the base station, and send or backscatter data or channels to the base station. Alternatively, referring to Figure 6, which illustrates the second cellular IoT topology, communication between A-IoT devices and the base station is achieved through intermediate nodes. In this case, the intermediate node sends carrier waves, data, or signals to the A-IoT device, and the A-IoT device sends or backscatters data or signals to the intermediate node. The intermediate node can be a terminal device, a base station device, or an Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) node.

[0059] It should be noted that in the two topologies mentioned above, the base station in the first topology and the intermediate UE in the second topology are called readers, and the A-IoT device can be called a device. The transmission from the reader to the device is called Reader to Device (R2D) transmission, and the transmission from the device to the reader is called Device to Reader (D2R) transmission.

[0060] The preamble of an A-IoT system includes a start indication section and a synchronization section. Currently, there is no clear method for designing the synchronization section of the preamble.

[0061] This application provides a communication method in which a first device sends / receives a first frame, the first frame including a preamble; the preamble includes a synchronization information portion, the synchronization information portion being used to acquire time synchronization and / or frequency synchronization; the synchronization information portion includes one or more first high-level signals and one or more first low-level signals; the duration of the first high-level signal is the same as the duration of the first low-level signal. It is understood that this application specifies the signal structure of the synchronization information portion in the preamble, wherein the synchronization information may include first high-level signals and first low-level signals of the same duration.

[0062] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the technical solutions of this application are described in detail below through specific embodiments. The above-mentioned related technologies are optional solutions and can be arbitrarily combined with the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, all of which fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application. The embodiments of this application include at least some of the following contents.

[0063] It should be noted that the synchronization information in the embodiments of this application can be understood as synchronization signal, and the two are equivalent or interchangeable.

[0064] Figure 7 illustrates a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application, which may include:

[0065] S710, the first device sends / receives a first frame, wherein the first frame includes a preamble; the preamble includes a synchronization information portion, which is used to obtain time synchronization and / or frequency synchronization; the synchronization information portion includes one or more first high-level signals and one or more first low-level signals; the duration of the first high-level signal is the same as the duration of the first low-level signal.

[0066] It should be noted that the communication method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to cellular networks, Internet of Things and other communication networks, and this application embodiment does not limit it.

[0067] It should also be noted that the first device can be a network device, a reader, etc. For example, the first device can be a base station as shown in Figure 5 or Figure 6. In addition, the first device can also be a terminal device. For example, the first device can be an IoT device, an A-IoT device, a zero-power device, a low-power device, etc., and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0068] In this embodiment of the application, the first device may receive or send a first frame.

[0069] It should be noted that the first frame can be a transmission frame in a cellular network or the Internet of Things. For example, the first frame can be a reader to device (R2D) transmission frame, or the first frame can be a device to reader (D2R) transmission frame.

[0070] It should also be noted that a reader can also be called a reader; the two are equivalent or interchangeable.

[0071] It should also be noted that the first frame can be used to transmit control information and / or data information between the device and the reader. Alternatively, it can be understood that the first frame may include control information and / or data information. For example, when the first device is a reader, the first device sends the first frame to the terminal device, and the first frame may carry control information such as resource configuration, resource indication, and resource scheduling. When the first device is a terminal device, the first device sends the first frame to the reader, and the first frame may transmit the terminal device's data information, such as the terminal device's ambient temperature, humidity, location information, and cargo information.

[0072] It should be understood that, to ensure the correct reception of the first frame, referring to the signal structure diagram in Figure 8, the first frame may include a preamble. The preamble can be transmitted before control information and / or data information. The preamble can be used to indicate the start position in the time domain of the first frame, and / or for the receiving end of the first frame to obtain time synchronization or frequency synchronization information. Additionally, the first frame may also include a postamble, which can be used to determine the end position of the first frame. It should be noted that the postamble is optional; that is, the first frame may or may not include a postamble.

[0073] In some embodiments, the preamble may include a start indication information portion and a synchronization information portion.

[0074] The start indication information section can be used to indicate the time-domain start position of the first frame. The synchronization information section can be used to obtain time synchronization and / or frequency synchronization. Specifically, the synchronization information section can be used by the receiving end to obtain time synchronization and / or frequency synchronization.

[0075] Understandably, the first device can determine the time-domain start position of the first frame based on the start indication information in the preamble, and receive the first frame according to the time-domain start position. Then, the first device can obtain time synchronization and / or frequency synchronization based on the synchronization information in the preamble. In this way, the first device can correctly receive control information and / or data information.

[0076] It should be noted that, in addition to the start indication information part and the synchronization information part, the preamble part may also include other parts, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0077] In this embodiment of the application, the synchronization information portion may include one or more first high-level signals and one or more first low-level signals.

[0078] The duration of the first high-level signal is the same as the duration of the first low-level signal. In other words, the synchronization information portion may include at least one first high-level signal and at least one first low-level signal with the same duration. Alternatively, the synchronization information portion may include at least one pair of first high-level signals and first low-level signals with the same duration.

[0079] It should be noted that the first high-level signal (denoted as first high-level signal 1) in one or more first high-level signals and the first low-level signal (denoted as first low-level signal 1) in one or more first low-level signals in the synchronization information section can be connected end to end (the end position of first high-level signal 1 is the same as the start position of first low-level signal 1, or the end position of first low-level signal 1 is the same as the start position of first high-level signal 1) and located in the beginning part of the synchronization information section.

[0080] It should be noted that whether the starting position of the synchronization information section is the first high-level signal 1 or the first low-level signal 1 depends on the level of the ending position of the start indication information section. If the ending position of the start indication information section is low, the synchronization information section starts from the first high-level signal 1, and the first low-level signal 1 follows the first high-level signal 1. If the ending position of the start indication information section is high, the synchronization information section starts from the first low-level signal 1, and the first high-level signal 1 follows the first low-level signal 1.

[0081] For example, referring to the schematic diagrams of the preamble signal structure shown in Figures 9A to 9E, if the end position of the start indication information section is low, then the synchronization information section starts from the first high-level signal 1, followed by the first low-level signal 1, and then by other signals in the synchronization information section. For example, as shown in Figures 9B and 9C, the first low-level signal 1 is followed by a second first high-level signal (denoted as the first high-level signal 2); as shown in Figures 9A, 9D, and 9E, the first low-level signal 1 can be followed by a second high-level signal (the duration of the second high-level signal varies in different scenarios).

[0082] For example, referring to the preamble structure diagrams shown in Figures 10A to 10E, if the end position of the start indication information part is high, the synchronization information part starts from the first low-level signal 1, followed by the first high-level signal 1, and then other signals of the synchronization information part. For example, referring to Figures 10B and 10C, the first high-level signal 1 can be followed by a second first low-level signal (denoted as the first low-level signal 2), or, referring to Figures 10A, 10D and 10E, the first high-level signal 1 is followed by a second low-level signal (the duration of the second low-level signal varies in different scenarios).

[0083] It should be noted that the synchronization information section may also include other signals, such as a second high-level signal, a second low-level signal, etc., and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0084] In some embodiments, the synchronization information portion may further include a second high-level signal or a second low-level signal.

[0085] Understandably, a second high-level signal, together with one or more first high-level signals and one or more first low-level signals, can form a complete synchronization information portion. Alternatively, a second low-level signal, together with one or more first high-level signals and one or more first low-level signals, can form a complete synchronization information portion. That is, a second low-level signal or a second high-level signal can be used to fill the remaining portion of the synchronization information except for at least one first high-level signal and at least one first low-level signal.

[0086] The following describes the location of the second high-level signal or the second low-level signal in the synchronization information section.

[0087] In this embodiment, the duration of the start indication information portion is denoted as T0, and the duration of the first high-level signal and the first low-level signal is denoted as T1.

[0088] In one possible implementation, the second high-level signal or the second low-level signal may be located at the end of the synchronization information section.

[0089] Understandably, the synchronization information section ends with a second high-level signal or a second low-level signal. That is, one or more first high-level signals and one or more first low-level signals precede the second high-level signal or the second low-level signal, and the second high-level signal or the second low-level signal ends the synchronization information section.

[0090] In one example, the number of one or more first high-level signals in the synchronization information section is 1, and the number of one or more first low-level signals is 1. A second high-level signal or a second low-level signal may follow the first high-level signal and the first low-level signal; in this example, the duration of the second high-level signal or the second low-level signal can be denoted as T2.

[0091] Referring to Figure 9A, if the start indication information section ends at a low level, the synchronization information section may include a first high-level signal (T1), a first low-level signal (T1), and a second high-level signal (T2). It should be understood that after transmitting a first high-level signal and a first low-level signal, the remaining time (T2) of the synchronization information section can be used to transmit the second high-level signal.

[0092] Referring to Figure 10A, if the end position of the start indication information section is high, the synchronization information section may include a first low-level signal (T1), a first high-level signal (T1), and a second low-level signal (T2). It should be understood that after transmitting a first low-level signal and a first high-level signal, the remaining time (T2) of the synchronization information section is used to transmit the second low-level signal.

[0093] In another example, the number of one or more first high-level signals in the synchronization information section is 2 (including first high-level signal 1 and first high-level signal 2), and the number of one or more first low-level signals is 1. Alternatively, the number of one or more first high-level signals in the synchronization information section is 1, and the number of one or more first low-level signals is 2. In this example, the duration of the second high-level signal or the second low-level signal can be denoted as T3.

[0094] Referring to Figure 9B, when the end position of the start indication information section is low, the synchronization information section includes a first first high-level signal (T1), a first first low-level signal (T1), a second first high-level signal (T1), and a second low-level signal (T3).

[0095] Referring to Figure 10B, when the end position of the start indication information section is high, the synchronization information section may include a first first low-level signal (T1), a first first high-level signal (T1), a second first low-level signal (T1), and a second high-level signal (T3).

[0096] In yet another example, the number of one or more first high-level signals in the synchronization information section is 2, and the number of one or more first low-level signals is 2. In this example, the duration of the second high-level signal or the second low-level signal can be denoted as T4.

[0097] Referring to Figure 9C, when the end position of the start indication information section is low, the synchronization information section includes a first first high-level signal (T1), a first first low-level signal (T1), a second first high-level signal (T1), a second first low-level signal (T1), and a second high-level signal (T4).

[0098] Referring to Figure 10C, when the end position of the start indication information section is high, the synchronization information section includes a first first low-level signal (T1), a first first high-level signal (T1), a second first low-level signal (T1), a second first high-level signal (T1), and a second low-level signal (T4).

[0099] It should be noted that the number of one or more first high-level signals and one or more first low-level signals in the synchronization information section can also be implemented in other ways. For example, the synchronization information section may include three first high-level signals and two first low-level signals, or three first low-level signals and two first high-level signals, or four first high-level signals and three first low-level signals, or four first low-level signals and three first high-level signals, etc. It should be understood that other numbers of first high-level signals and first low-level signals are all within the scope of protection of this application, and will not be listed here.

[0100] In another possible implementation, the second high-level signal or the second low-level signal is located before the last first high-level signal or the last low-level signal included in the synchronization information section.

[0101] Understandably, the synchronization information section ends with either a first high-level signal or a first low-level signal. That is, one or more first high-level signals and a portion of one or more first low-level signals in the synchronization information precede a second high-level signal or a second low-level signal. The last first high-level signal in the one or more first high-level signals, or the last first low-level signal in the one or more first low-level signals, is located at the end of the synchronization information section.

[0102] For example, the duration of the second high-level signal or the second low-level signal is denoted as T5.

[0103] Referring to Figure 9D, when the end position of the start indication information section is low, the synchronization information section includes a first high-level signal (T1), a first first low-level signal (T1), a second high-level signal (T5), and a second first low-level signal (T1).

[0104] Referring to Figure 10D, when the end position of the start indication information section is high, the synchronization information section includes a first low-level signal (T1), a first first high-level signal (T1), a second low-level signal (T5), and a second first high-level signal (T1).

[0105] It should be noted that in this implementation, other numbers of first high-level signals and first low-level signals may be included before the second high-level signal or the second low-level signal. For example, two first low-level signals and one first high-level signal, or two first high-level signals and one first low-level signal, or two first low-level signals and two first high-level signals may be included before the second high-level signal or the second low-level signal. It should be understood that other numbers of first high-level signals and first low-level signals are all within the scope of protection of this application, and will not be listed here.

[0106] In another possible implementation, the second high-level signal or the second low-level signal is located before the last first high-level signal and the last first low-level signal included in the synchronization information section.

[0107] Understandably, the synchronization information section can be terminated by a pair of first high-level signals and first low-level signals.

[0108] For example, the duration of the second high-level signal or the second low-level signal is denoted as T6.

[0109] Referring to Figure 9E, when the end position of the start indication information section is low, the synchronization information section includes a first first high-level signal (T1), a first first low-level signal (T1), a second high-level signal (T6), a second first low-level signal (T1), and a second first high-level signal (T1).

[0110] Referring to Figure 10E, when the end position of the start indication information section is high, the synchronization information section includes a first first low-level signal (T1), a first first high-level signal (T1), a second low-level signal (T6), a second first high-level signal (T1), and a second first low-level signal (T1).

[0111] It should be noted that in this implementation, other numbers of first high-level signals and / or first low-level signals may be included before the second high-level signal or the second low-level signal. For example, the second high-level signal or the second low-level signal may not include the first high-level signal and the first low-level signal, or it may include two first high-level signals and one first low-level signal, or two first low-level signals and one first high-level signal, or two first high-level signals and two first low-level signals, etc. It should be understood that other numbers of first high-level signals and first low-level signals are all within the scope of protection of this application, and will not be listed here.

[0112] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the first high-level signal and the second high-level signal may have the same level or different levels, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this; the first low-level signal and the second low-level signal may have the same level or different levels, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0113] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the level corresponding to the first high-level signal is higher than the level corresponding to the first low-level signal and the second low-level signal, and the level corresponding to the second high-level signal is higher than the level corresponding to the first low-level signal and the second low-level signal.

[0114] In some embodiments, the control information and / or data information included in the first frame may be encoded using any of the following encoding methods:

[0115] Manchester coding, Pulse-interval encoding (PIE), Bi-Phase Space Coding (also known as FM0 coding), or Miller coding.

[0116] Understandably, after encoding, a corresponding chip can be obtained. That is to say, the control information and / or data information included in the first frame corresponds to a Manchester encoded chip, a PIE encoded chip, a Bi-Phase Space Coding encoded chip, or a Miller Code chip.

[0117] For example, Manchester encoding typically uses the following bit-to-chip mapping: bit 0 is mapped to two chips {1 0}, and bit 1 is mapped to two chips {0 1}. Here, 1 represents a high level and 0 represents a low level. Assuming the information bit sequence is 4 bits (0110), the Manchester encoded sequence is 10010110, corresponding to 8 chips.

[0118] In one embodiment of this application, the synchronization information portion in the preamble of the first frame can be used not only for time synchronization and / or frequency synchronization, but also to indicate the duration of the chip corresponding to the control information and / or data information included in the first frame.

[0119] It should be noted that the duration of a chip can refer to the length of the chip or the duration of the chip's lifespan. Specifically, the duration of a chip can include the length corresponding to chip {1} or chip {0}.

[0120] In some embodiments, the duration of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal is related to the duration of the chip corresponding to the control information and / or data information included in the first frame.

[0121] Understandably, the duration T1 of the first high-level signal and / or first low-level signal in the synchronization information section of the first frame can indicate the duration of the chip corresponding to the control information and / or data information included in the first frame. Different T1 values ​​can indicate different durations of the chip corresponding to the control information and / or data information.

[0122] In this way, the receiving end of the first frame can detect the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal in the synchronization information part of the preamble, and determine the duration of the chip corresponding to the control information and / or data information carried in the first frame based on the duration T1 of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal. Then, the receiving end of the first frame can receive the control information and / or data information according to the duration of the chip, ensuring that the control information and / or data information can be received correctly.

[0123] In one possible implementation, the duration T1 of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal is the duration of the chip corresponding to the control information and / or data information included in the first frame. Assuming the duration of the chip corresponding to the control information and / or data information included in the first frame is T, then T = T1.

[0124] In another possible implementation, the duration T1 of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal is a multiple of the duration of the chip corresponding to the control information and / or data information included in the first frame. Assuming the duration of the chip corresponding to the control information and / or data information included in the first frame is T, then T1 = S × T, where S is a positive integer.

[0125] In another possible implementation, the duration of the chip corresponding to the control information or data information included in the first frame is a multiple of the duration T1 of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal. Assuming the duration of the chip corresponding to the control information and / or data information included in the first frame is T, then T = S × T1, where S is a positive integer.

[0126] It should be noted that the relationship between the duration T1 of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal and the duration T of the chip corresponding to the control information or data information included in the first frame is determined based on predefined information, or network configuration information. For example, the predefined information or network configuration information can configure the value of S mentioned above.

[0127] In one embodiment of this application, the control information and / or data information portion of the first frame can employ on-off keying (OOK) modulation. The control information and / or data information modulated by OOK occupies an integer number of time-domain symbols; therefore, the start position of the control information and / or data information is aligned with the start position of the time-domain symbols. Correspondingly, the start position of the preamble can be aligned with the start position of the time-domain symbols, and the end position of the preamble portion can be aligned with the end position of the time-domain symbols. That is, the duration of the preamble can be the duration corresponding to an integer number of time-domain symbols.

[0128] It should be noted that the time-domain symbol can be an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or other types of symbols, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0129] In some embodiments, the preamble includes a start indication information portion and a synchronization information portion. The sum of the first duration of the start indication information portion (denoted as T0 in this embodiment) and the second duration of the synchronization information portion can be the duration corresponding to N time-domain symbols, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0130] In some embodiments, the first duration T0 of the start indication information portion is the duration corresponding to N1 time domain symbols, and the second duration of the synchronization information portion is the duration corresponding to N2 time domain symbols, where N = N1 + N2, and N1 and N2 are integers greater than or equal to 1.

[0131] It should be noted that the duration of the start indication information section (i.e., the first duration T0) can be understood as the duration corresponding to the start indication information section, and the duration of the synchronization information section (i.e., the second duration) can be understood as the duration corresponding to the synchronization information section.

[0132] Assume the first duration is T0, the second duration is X, and the duration corresponding to the N time-domain symbols is L.

[0133] In some embodiments, the values ​​of one or more of T0, X, and N are determined based on protocol predefined information or configuration information sent by the network.

[0134] In some embodiments, if at least two of T0, X, and N can be determined based on protocol predefined information or network configuration information, then the third can be determined based on two of the already determined T0, X, and N; for example, if T0 and N can be determined based on protocol predefined information or network configuration information, then X can be determined based on T0 and N; or, if X and N can be determined based on protocol predefined information or network configuration information, then T0 can be determined based on X and N; or, if T0 and X can be determined based on protocol predefined information or network configuration information, then N can be determined based on T0 and X.

[0135] In some embodiments, the start position of the preamble is the start position of the first time-domain symbol, and the end position of the preamble is the end position of the second time-domain symbol. The N time-domain symbols include the first time-domain symbol and the second time-domain symbol, and the first time-domain symbol may be the same as or different from the second time-domain symbol.

[0136] Understandably, the preamble can be aligned with the time-domain symbol. Specifically, the start position of the start indication information portion of the preamble can correspond to the start position of the first time-domain symbol, and the end position of the synchronization information portion of the preamble can be aligned with the end position of the second time-domain symbol. When N is 1, the first and second time-domain symbols are the same time-domain symbol. When N is greater than 1, the first and second time-domain symbols are different.

[0137] For example, referring to the signal structure diagram shown in Figure 11, if N is 1, meaning the duration of the preamble is the duration corresponding to one OFDM symbol, then the sum of the first duration of the start indication information portion and the second duration of the synchronization information portion included in the preamble is the duration corresponding to one OFDM symbol. That is, both the first duration of the start indication information portion and the second duration of the synchronization information portion are less than the duration corresponding to one OFDM symbol. If the duration corresponding to one OFDM symbol is 71.4 microseconds, and the first duration of the synchronization information portion T0 = 40 microseconds, then the second duration of the start indication information portion is 31.4 microseconds.

[0138] It is understandable that in the above embodiments, the sum of the durations of each signal in the synchronization information section and the sum of the first duration T0 of the start indication information are the durations corresponding to N time domain symbols.

[0139] For example, in the preamble signal structure diagrams shown in Figures 9A and 10A, T0+2T1+T2 equals the duration corresponding to N OFDM symbols. In the preamble signal structure diagrams shown in Figures 9B and 10B, T0+3T1+T3 equals the duration corresponding to N OFDM symbols. In the preamble signal structure diagrams shown in Figures 9C and 10C, T0+4T1+T4 equals the duration corresponding to N OFDM symbols. In the preamble signal structure diagrams shown in Figures 9D and 10D, T0+3T1+T5 equals the duration corresponding to N OFDM symbols. In the preamble signal structure diagrams shown in Figures 9E and 10E, T0+4T1+T6 equals the duration corresponding to N OFDM symbols.

[0140] It should be noted that the duration corresponding to the time domain symbol in the embodiments of this application includes the duration corresponding to the cyclic prefix (CP).

[0141] For example, if the sub-carrier spacing is 15 kHz and the sampling frequency is 30.72 MHz, a time slot of the NR system or a subframe of the LTE system includes 14 time-domain symbols, corresponding to time-domain symbols #0 to #13. Among them, the CP length (denoted as the first CP length) of time domain symbol #0 and time domain symbol #7 is the same, and the CP length (denoted as the second CP length) of the remaining 12 time domain symbols is the same, and the first CP length and the second CP length are different; the first CP length is approximately 5.21 microseconds (=160 / (2048×15×10^3)), and the second CP length is approximately 4.69 microseconds (=144 / (2048×15×10^3)); the duration corresponding to time domain symbol #0 and time domain symbol #7 is 71.9 microseconds (=(2048+160) / (2048×15×10^3)), and the duration corresponding to the remaining 12 time domain symbols is approximately 71.4 microseconds (=(2048+144) / (2048×15×10^3)).

[0142] As mentioned above, the duration corresponding to different time-domain symbols may differ. When the first device receives the first frame, it needs to determine the time-domain start position of the first frame based on the start indication information in the preamble. If the preamble is aligned with different time-domain symbols in the time slot, the length of the start indication information may be different. For example, if the length of the preamble is the duration corresponding to one time-domain symbol, if the preamble is aligned with time-domain symbol #0 or time-domain symbol #7 in the time slot, its length is 71.9 microseconds. If the preamble is aligned with other time-domain symbols in the time slot, its length is 71.4 microseconds. This will cause the receiver to need to detect the preamble according to different lengths, increasing the complexity of the receiver device.

[0143] To avoid the above problems, in one embodiment of this application, the above N time-domain symbols satisfy one or more of the following:

[0144] The length of the time-domain symbol does not include the CP length;

[0145] The length of the time-domain symbol is determined based on the length of the second CP;

[0146] The length of the time-domain symbol is determined based on the length of the first CP;

[0147] The N time-domain symbols contain only time-domain symbols of the second CP length.

[0148] In one implementation, the length of the time-domain symbol may not include the CP length. In this case, the duration corresponding to N time-domain symbols is N / (15×10^3), which is approximately (66.7×N) microseconds.

[0149] In one implementation, the duration of the N time-domain symbols can be determined based on the aforementioned second CP length (i.e., the CP length corresponding to the other time-domain symbols besides time-domain symbols #0 and #7). In this case, the duration of the N time-domain symbols is: N×(2048+144) / (2048×15×10). 3 ), approximately equal to (71.4 × N) microseconds.

[0150] In one implementation, the duration of the N time-domain symbols can be determined based on the first CP length (i.e., the CP lengths corresponding to time-domain symbols #0 and #7). In this case, the duration of the N time-domain symbols is: N × (2048 + 160) / (2048 × 15 × 10^6)^2. 3 ), approximately equal to (71.9 × N) microseconds.

[0151] In one implementation, the N time-domain symbols do not include the time-domain symbol of the first CP length, that is, the N time-domain symbols do not include time-domain symbol #0 and time-domain symbol #7.

[0152] For example, the duration corresponding to the preamble is 3 (N=3) time-domain symbols. When the first device sends the first frame, the preamble part may include time-domain symbols #2, #3 and #4, or it may include time-domain symbols #4, #5 and #6; however, the preamble part may not include time-domain symbols #0, #1 and #2, or it may not include time-domain symbols #5, #6 and #7.

[0153] In this embodiment of the application, the length of the preamble can be determined by the above method, avoiding the difference in length caused by the preamble being located in different time-domain symbols in the time slot.

[0154] In one embodiment of this application, the method further includes one or more of the following:

[0155] The duration corresponding to the start indication information portion is within a first duration range; the first duration range is determined based on the first duration and the first parameter.

[0156] The duration of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal in the synchronization information section is within a second duration range, which is determined based on the duration of the first high-level signal and a second parameter, or based on the duration of the first low-level signal and a second parameter.

[0157] The duration of the second high-level signal in the synchronization information section is within a third duration range, which is determined based on the duration of the second high-level signal and a third parameter.

[0158] The duration of the second low-level signal in the synchronization information section is within the fourth duration range, which is determined based on the duration of the second low-level signal and the fourth parameter.

[0159] Understandably, in IoT communication systems, the clocks of the communicating devices (e.g., A-IoT devices) can have significant discrepancies, such as SFO reaching 10. Y ppm, such as Y taking the value of 3, 4, or 5, etc., therefore, the first device will have errors when detecting various parts of information (including the first high-level signal, the first low-level signal, the second high-level signal, the second low-level signal, etc. in the synchronization information part).

[0160] Based on this, the first device can be configured to detect the corresponding information within the time range corresponding to each part of the information. As long as the duration of the information detected by the first device is within the corresponding time range, it is determined that the information has been detected, thus improving the performance of the first device in detecting information.

[0161] It should be noted that the duration corresponding to the start indication information portion mentioned in the above embodiments can be understood as the duration for which the first device detects the start indication information portion. Specifically, the duration corresponding to the start indication information portion can be referred to as the detection duration of the start indication information portion. The duration of the start indication information portion can be understood as the actual duration of the start indication information portion specified in the protocol, or as the actual duration of the start indication information portion when the sending end sends the first frame, or as the actual duration of the start indication information portion configured by the network.

[0162] It should be noted that the duration of the first high-level signal can be understood as the duration during which the first device detects the first high-level signal. This duration can be referred to as the detection duration of the first high-level signal. Similarly, the duration of the first low-level signal can be understood as the duration during which the first device detects the first low-level signal. This duration can be referred to as the detection duration of the first low-level signal. The duration of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal can be understood as the actual duration of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal when the transmitting end transmits the first frame.

[0163] It should also be noted that the duration of the second high-level signal can be understood as the duration during which the first device detects the second high-level signal; in this case, the duration of the second high-level signal can be referred to as the detection duration of the second high-level signal. The duration of the second high-level signal can be understood as the actual duration of the second high-level signal when the transmitting end sends the first frame.

[0164] Furthermore, the duration of the second low-level signal can be understood as the duration during which the first device detects the second low-level signal. This duration can be referred to as the detection duration of the second low-level signal. The duration of both the second high-level and low-level signals can be understood as the actual duration of the second low-level signal when the transmitting end sends the first frame.

[0165] In some embodiments, the first device can detect the start indication information portion of the preamble within a first duration. The first duration of the start indication information portion is denoted as T0. The first duration range can be T0 ± a first parameter.

[0166] It should be noted that, for the first device receiving the first frame, the first device can consider the duration of the preamble's start indication information portion to be within the range of T0 ± the first parameter, that is, the first device can consider the duration of the preamble's start indication information portion to be within the range of [T0 - the first parameter, T0 + the first parameter]; or, the first device can consider the duration of the preamble's start indication information portion to be within the range of T0 × (1 ± the first parameter), that is, the first device can consider the duration of the preamble's start indication information portion to be within the range of [T0 × (1 - the first parameter), T0 × (1 + the first parameter)]. Here, T0 can be a definite length, for example, T0 is y microseconds (or milliseconds), or T0 is the duration corresponding to an integer number of time-domain symbols.

[0167] It should be noted that the first parameter can be a percentage, a per mille, or a specific numerical value, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this. For example, the first parameter can be x0%, where x0 is a positive integer. For instance, candidate values ​​for x0 include one or more of {1, 2, 5, 10}. In this case, the first device considers the duration of the start indication information portion of the preamble to be within the range of [T0 × (1 - x0%), T0 × (1 + x0%)]. For example, T0 is y microseconds, the first parameter is y0 microseconds, where y0 is a positive integer. For instance, candidate values ​​for y0 include one or more of {1, 2, 5, 10}. In this case, the first device considers the duration of the start indication information portion of the preamble to be within the range of [T0 - y0, T0 + y0].

[0168] It should also be noted that the first parameter can be determined based on predefined information or configuration information sent by the network device.

[0169] In some embodiments, the first device can detect a first high-level signal and / or a first low-level signal within a second duration. The duration of the first high-level signal and the first low-level signal is T1, and the second duration range can be T1 ± a second parameter.

[0170] Understandably, the first device may consider the duration range of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal to be T1 ± the second parameter, that is, the first device may consider the duration of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal to be within the range of [T1 - the second parameter, T1 + the second parameter]; or, the first device may consider the duration range of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal to be T1 × (1 ± the second parameter), that is, the first device may consider the duration of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal to be within the range of [T1 × (1 - the second parameter), T1 × (1 + the second parameter)].

[0171] It should be noted that the second parameter can be a percentage, a per mille, or a specific numerical value, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this. For example, the second parameter can be x1%, where x0 is a positive integer, and candidate values ​​for x1 include one or more of {1, 2, 5, 10}. In this case, the first device can consider that the duration corresponding to the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal is within the range of [T1×(1-x1%), T1×(1+x1%)]. For example, T1 is y microseconds, the second parameter is y1 microseconds, and y1 is a positive integer, such as candidate values ​​for y1 including one or more of {1, 2, 5, 10}. In this case, the first device considers that the duration corresponding to the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal is within the range of [T1-y1, T1+y1].

[0172] It should also be noted that the second parameter can be determined based on predefined information or configuration information sent by the network device.

[0173] In some embodiments, the first device can detect the second high-level signal within a third duration range. The third duration range can be the duration of the second high-level signal ± a third parameter.

[0174] Understandably, the first device can consider the duration of the second high-level signal to be within the range of the duration of the second high-level signal ± the third parameter, that is, the first device can consider the duration of the second high-level signal to be within the range of [duration of the second high-level signal - the third parameter, duration of the second high-level signal + the third parameter]; or, the first device can consider the duration of the second high-level signal to be within the range of the duration of the second high-level signal × (1 ± the third parameter), that is, the first device can consider the duration of the second high-level signal to be within the range of [duration of the second high-level signal × (1 - the third parameter), duration of the second high-level signal × (1 + the third parameter)].

[0175] It should be noted that the third parameter can be a percentage, a per mille, or a specific numerical value, etc., and this application embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this. For example, the third parameter can be a%. 'a' is a positive integer, and for example, candidate values ​​for 'a' include one or more of {1, 2, 5, 10}. In this case, the first device can consider the duration corresponding to the second high-level signal to be within the range of [second high-level signal duration × (1-a%), second high-level signal duration × (1+a%)]. For example, the duration of the second high-level signal is y microseconds, and the third parameter is y2 microseconds, where y2 is a positive integer, and candidate values ​​for y2 include one or more of {1, 2, 5, 10}. In this case, the first device considers the duration corresponding to the second high-level signal to be within the range of [second high-level signal duration - y2, second high-level signal duration + y2].

[0176] It should also be noted that the third parameter can be determined based on predefined information or configuration information sent by the network device.

[0177] In some embodiments, the first device can detect the second low-level signal within a fourth duration range. The fourth duration range can be the duration of the second low-level signal ± a fourth parameter.

[0178] Understandably, the first device can consider the duration of the second low-level signal to be within the range of the duration of the second low-level signal ± the fourth parameter, that is, the first device can consider the duration of the second low-level signal to be within the range of [duration of the second low-level signal - fourth parameter, duration of the second low-level signal + fourth parameter]; or, the first device can consider the duration of the second low-level signal to be within the range of the duration of the second low-level signal × (1 ± fourth parameter), that is, the first device can consider the duration of the second low-level signal to be within the range of [duration of the second low-level signal × (1 - fourth parameter), duration of the second low-level signal × (1 + fourth parameter)].

[0179] It should be noted that the fourth parameter can be a percentage, a per mille, or a specific numerical value, etc., and this application embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this. For example, the fourth parameter can be b%. b is a positive integer, and for example, candidate values ​​for b include one or more of {1, 2, 5, 10}. In this case, the first device can consider the duration corresponding to the second low-level signal to be within the range of [second low-level signal duration × (1 - b%), second low-level signal duration × (1 + b%)]. For example, the duration of the second low-level signal is y microseconds, the fourth parameter is y3 microseconds, and y3 is a positive integer, for example, candidate values ​​for y3 include one or more of {1, 2, 5, 10}. In this case, the first device considers the duration corresponding to the second low-level signal to be within the range of [second low-level signal duration - y3, second low-level signal duration + y3].

[0180] It should also be noted that the fourth parameter can be determined based on predefined information or configuration information sent by the network device.

[0181] The method provided in this application clarifies the signal structure of the synchronization information portion in the preamble of the transmission frame. The signal structure in the synchronization information portion can indicate the chip length corresponding to the control information and / or data information. Furthermore, the duration of the start indication information portion and the duration of the synchronization information portion can be equal to the duration corresponding to an integer number of time-domain symbols.

[0182] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the first high-level signal and the second high-level signal may have the same level or different levels, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this; the first low-level signal and the second low-level signal may have the same level or different levels, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0183] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the level corresponding to the first high-level signal is higher than the level corresponding to the first low-level signal and the second low-level signal, and the level corresponding to the second high-level signal is higher than the level corresponding to the first low-level signal and the second low-level signal.

[0184] The following section, using an IoT scenario and R2D transmission frames as an example, elaborates on the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0185] Referring to Figure 8, the structure of an R2D transmission frame includes the following parts:

[0186] Preamble: Used to indicate the start position in the time domain of R2D transmission, and / or for A-IoT devices to obtain time synchronization or frequency synchronization information.

[0187] The preamble may include a start-indicator and a synchronization information portion. It should be noted that the preamble may also include other parts, which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0188] The start indication information section is used to indicate the time-domain start position of the R2D transmission. The synchronization information section is used by A-IoT devices to obtain time synchronization and / or frequency synchronization, and / or to indicate chip length or chip duration; wherein, frequency synchronization includes, for example, sampling frequency synchronization and carrier frequency synchronization.

[0189] R2D transmission frames may include data information and / or control information, including data information and / or control information sent by the reader to the device.

[0190] In some embodiments, data information and control information can be carried through the same channel, such as through the Physical Reader to Device Channel (PRDCH).

[0191] In one example, referring to the R2D transmission frame structure diagram shown in Figure 12A, the time-domain resources of the control information are located before the data information, or the transmission of the control information is no later than the transmission of the data information, so that the A-IoT device can detect the control information first and then detect the data information. At this time, the control information and the data information can be attached together, that is, the control information bits and the data information bits are concatenated to form a new bit sequence, and the CRC attachment is performed using this bit sequence.

[0192] In another example, control information can be carried via MAC CE, and then carried along with data via the data channel.

[0193] In some embodiments, data information and control information can be carried through different channels.

[0194] For example, referring to FIG12B, control information and data information are carried by different channels, and the channel carrying control information is located before the channel carrying data information, or the transmission of the channel carrying control information is no later than the transmission of the channel carrying data information.

[0195] In some embodiments, data information is carried via a channel (such as PRDCH), and control information is multiplexed within the channel carrying the data information. The control information and data information may use different Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) codes, or the control information and data information may be processed together with additional CRC codes.

[0196] In some embodiments, referring to FIG12C, data information is carried by a channel, while control information is not carried by a channel.

[0197] In A-IoT systems, the start position of R2D transmission is aligned with the boundary of the OFDM symbol. Since the control and / or data information portions of the R2D transmission use OOK modulation, the OOK-modulated data and / or control information occupies an integer number of OFDM symbols. Therefore, the start position of the control and data information is aligned with the start position of the OFDM symbol. Based on this, the start position of the preamble portion is aligned with the start position of the OFDM symbol, and the end position of the preamble portion is aligned with the end position of the OFDM symbol.

[0198] In this embodiment of the application, the preamble includes at least two parts: a start indication information part and a synchronization information part, and the sum of the lengths of these two parts is the duration corresponding to an integer number (N) OFDM symbols.

[0199] If the duration corresponding to the start indication information is T0, the duration corresponding to the synchronization information is X, and the duration corresponding to the N OFDM symbols is L.

[0200] In some embodiments, the values ​​of one or more of T0, X, and N are determined based on protocol predefined information or network configuration information.

[0201] In some embodiments, if at least two of T0, X, and N are determined based on protocol predefined information or network configuration information, then the third can be determined based on two of the already determined T0, X, and N; for example, if T0 and N can be determined based on protocol predefined information or network configuration information, then X can be determined based on T0 and N; or, if X and N can be determined based on protocol predefined information or network configuration information, then T0 can be determined based on X and N; or, if T0 and X can be determined based on protocol predefined information or network configuration information, then N can be determined based on T0 and X.

[0202] For example, N=1, meaning the duration of the preamble is the duration corresponding to one OFDM symbol. In this case, the duration of the start indication information portion and the synchronization information portion included in the preamble is the duration corresponding to one OFDM symbol, that is, the durations of the start indication information portion and the synchronization information portion are both less than the duration corresponding to one OFDM symbol. If the duration corresponding to one OFDM symbol is 71.4 microseconds, and the duration corresponding to the synchronization information portion is Y=40 microseconds, then the duration corresponding to the start indication information portion is 31.4 microseconds.

[0203] It should be noted that the preamble section includes start indication information and synchronization information. The start position of the synchronization information in the preamble and the end position of the start indication information in the preamble correspond to different level values ​​(i.e., high level and low level, respectively).

[0204] In this application embodiment, there is no limitation on whether the start indication information portion is high-level, low-level, or includes both high-level and low-level. For example, the start indication information portion is all low-level for a duration of T0. Alternatively, the start indication information portion is all high-level for a duration of T0.

[0205] The synchronization information portion of the R2D transmission frame provided in this application will be described below with reference to Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2.

[0206] Example 1

[0207] In Embodiment 1, the end of the start indication information section is low, the length of the start indication information is T0, and the structure of the synchronization information section can be divided into the following cases:

[0208] A: Referring to Figure 9A, the synchronization information section includes a high-level part (duration T1), a low-level part (duration T1), and a high-level part (duration T2). At this time, it satisfies: T0 + 2T1 + T2 equals the duration corresponding to N OFDM symbols.

[0209] B: Referring to Figure 9B, the synchronization information section includes a high-level part (duration T1), a low-level part (duration T1), a high-level part (duration T1), and a low-level part (duration T3). At this time, it is satisfied that T0 + 3T1 + T3 equals the duration corresponding to N OFDM symbols.

[0210] C: Referring to Figure 9C, the synchronization information section includes a high-level section (duration T1), a low-level section (duration T1), a high-level section (duration T1), a low-level section (duration T1), and a high-level section (duration T4). At this time, it is satisfied that T0 + 4T1 + T4 equals the duration corresponding to N OFDM symbols.

[0211] D: Referring to Figure 9D, the synchronization information section includes a high-level part (duration T1), a low-level part (duration T1), a high-level part (duration T5), and a low-level part (duration T1). At this point, T0 + 3T1 + T5 equals the duration corresponding to N OFDM symbols;

[0212] E: Referring to Figure 9E, the synchronization information section includes a high-level section (duration T1), a low-level section (duration T1), a high-level section (duration T6), a low-level section (duration T1), and a low-level section (duration T1). At this time, it satisfies: T0 + 4T1 + T6 equals the duration corresponding to N OFDM symbols.

[0213] Example 2

[0214] In Embodiment 2, the end of the start indication information section is at a high level, the length of the start indication information is T0, and the structure of the synchronization information section can be divided into the following cases:

[0215] A: Referring to Figure 10A, the synchronization information section includes a low-level part (duration T1), a high-level part (duration T1), and a low-level part (duration T2). At this time, it satisfies: T0 + 3T1 + T3 equals the duration corresponding to N OFDM symbols.

[0216] B: Referring to Figure 10B, the synchronization information section includes a low-level part (duration T1), a high-level part (duration T1), a low-level part (duration T1), and a high-level part (duration T3). At this point, T0 + 3T1 + T3 equals the duration corresponding to N OFDM symbols;

[0217] C: Referring to Figure 10C, the synchronization information part includes a low level part (duration T1), a high level part (duration T1), a low level part (duration T1), a high level part (duration T1), and a low level part (duration T4); at this time, it is satisfied that: T0+4T1+T4 equals the duration corresponding to N OFDM symbols.

[0218] D: Referring to Figure 10D, the synchronization information part includes a low-level part (duration T1), a high-level part (duration T1), a low-level part (duration T5), and a high-level part (duration T1); at this time, it satisfies: T0+3T1+T5 equals the duration corresponding to N OFDM symbols.

[0219] E: Referring to Figure 10E, the synchronization information part includes a low level part (duration T1), a high level part (duration T1), a low level part (duration T6), a high level part (duration T1), and a low level part (duration T1); at this time, it satisfies: T0+4T1+T6 equals the duration corresponding to N OFDM symbols.

[0220] In Embodiments 1 and 2 above, the R2D transmission frame can employ Manchester encoding, PIE encoding, Bi-Phase Space Coding, or Miller Code. For Manchester encoding, the following bit-to-chip mapping method is typically used:

[0221] Bit 0 is mapped to {1 0}; bit 1 is mapped to {0 1}, where 1 represents a high level and 0 represents a low level.

[0222] For example, the sequence 0110, which has 4 information bits, becomes 10010110 after Manchester encoding, corresponding to 8 chips.

[0223] It should be noted that a high or low level can be determined based on a threshold value. If the detected value exceeds the threshold, it is a high level; if the detected value is below the threshold, it is a low level. In some implementations, the threshold value is determined based on predefined protocol information or network configuration information.

[0224] In an R2D transmission frame, the preamble not only indicates the start position of the R2D transmission but also indicates the chip length or chip duration, where the chip length includes the length corresponding to chip 1 or chip 0. Specifically, the synchronization information portion of the preamble is used to indicate the chip length information.

[0225] In Embodiments 1 and 2 above, there is a correlation between the duration T1 of the high level or the duration T1 of the low level and the duration T corresponding to chip 1 or chip 0. That is, T can be determined based on T1, or vice versa. The correlation between the two is determined through protocol definition information or network configuration information. For example, the duration T1 of the high level or the duration T1 of the low level is equal to the duration T corresponding to Manchester-coded chip 1 or chip 0, i.e., T1 = T; or, for example, the network configuration parameter S = 2, T = S × T1.

[0226] In some implementations, the duration T0 of the start indication information portion is equal to the duration of N1 OFDM symbols, and the duration of the synchronization information is equal to the duration of N2 OFDM symbols, where N = N1 + N2.

[0227] In some implementations, the duration T0 of the start indication information portion is within the range of (T0'×(1±x0%)) or (T0'±x0), where T0' corresponds to a defined length, such as T0' being equal to y microseconds (or milliseconds), or T0' being equal to the duration of an integer number of OFDM symbols; x0 is a positive integer, specifically determined based on protocol definition information or network configuration information.

[0228] Because A-IoT devices have significant clock deviations, such as SFO reaching 10... X ppm, such as X taking values ​​of 3, 4, or 5, can lead to errors in the detection of the duration of the start indication information by A-IoT devices. By designing the duration of the start indication information as a range, the device can determine that the start indication information has been detected as long as the duration of the start indication information detected by the device is within this range, thereby improving the performance of A-IoT devices in detecting the start indication information.

[0229] Understandably, the same design can be used for the durations T1 / T2 / T3 / T4 / T5 / T6 in the synchronization information. Specifically, the duration T1 included in the synchronization information is within the range of (T1'×(1±x1%)) or (T1'±x1); the duration T2 included in the synchronization information is within the range of (T2'×(1±x2%)) or (T2'±x2); the duration T3 included in the synchronization information is within the range of (T3'×(1±x3%)) or (T3'±x3); the duration T4 included in the synchronization information is within the range of (T4'×(1±x4%)) or (T4'±x4); the duration T5 included in the synchronization information is within the range of (T5'×(1±x5%)) or (T5'±x5); and the duration T6 included in the synchronization information is within the range of (T6'×(1±x6%)) or (T6'±x6).

[0230] It should be noted that x1 / x2 / x3 / x4 / x5 / x6 are positive integers, and their values ​​are determined based on protocol definition information or network configuration information. For example, the candidate values ​​for x0 / x1 / x2 / x3 / x4 / x5 / x6 include one or more of {1, 2, 5, 10}.

[0231] In some implementations, the duration corresponding to the OFDM symbol in this application includes the duration corresponding to the cyclic prefix.

[0232] For example, if the sub-carrier spacing is 15kHz and the sampling frequency is 30.72MHz, a time slot in an NR system or a subframe in an LTE system includes 14 OFDM symbols, corresponding to OFDM#0 to OFDM#13; among them, OFDM#0 and OFDM#7 have the same CP length (denoted as the first CP length), and the remaining 12 OFDM symbols have the same CP length (denoted as the second CP length), and the first CP length and the second CP length are different; the first CP length is approximately The duration is 5.21 microseconds (=160 / (2048×15×10^3)), the second CP length is approximately 4.69 microseconds (=144 / (2048×15×10^3)); the duration corresponding to OFDM#0 and OFDM#7 is 71.9 microseconds (=(2048+160) / (2048×15×10^3)), and the duration corresponding to the remaining 12 OFDM symbols is approximately 71.4 microseconds (=(2048+144) / (2048×15×10^3)).

[0233] As shown above, different OFDM symbols may correspond to different lengths. When an A-IoT device receives R2D transmissions, it needs to determine the starting position of the R2D transmission based on the start indication information in the preamble. If the preamble sent by the reader is aligned with different OFDM symbols in the time slot, the length of the start indication information may differ. For example, if the length of the preamble is the duration corresponding to one OFDM symbol, if the preamble is aligned with OFDM#0 or OFDM#7 in the time slot, its length is 71.9 microseconds; if the preamble is aligned with other OFDM symbols in the time slot, its length is 71.4 microseconds. This will cause the A-IoT device to need to detect the preamble according to different lengths, increasing the complexity of the A-IoT device. To avoid the above problem, the preamble can be sent with a fixed length. Specifically, the length of the preamble can be fixed through the following method to avoid different lengths due to the preamble being located in different OFDM symbols in the time slot.

[0234] In some embodiments, the duration corresponding to the start indication information portion of the R2D transmission frame, the duration corresponding to the synchronization information, or the duration corresponding to the preamble is equal to the duration corresponding to an integer number (N) OFDM symbols.

[0235] Method 1: The duration of N OFDM symbols does not include the CP length corresponding to the N OFDM symbols; in this case, the duration of N OFDM symbols is: N / (15×10^3), which is approximately (66.7×N) microseconds.

[0236] Method 2: Determine the duration of N OFDM symbols based on the second CP length; in this case, the duration of N OFDM symbols is: N×(2048+144) / (2048×15×10^3), which is approximately (71.4×N) microseconds.

[0237] Method 3: Determine the duration of N OFDM symbols based on the length of the first CP; in this case, the duration of N OFDM symbols is: N×(2048+160) / (2048×15×10^3), which is approximately (71.9×N) microseconds.

[0238] Method 4: The preamble portion sent by the reader does not include OFDM#0 and OFDM#7. For example, if the preamble duration is N OFDM symbols, then when the reader performs R2D transmission, the N OFDM symbols corresponding to the preamble portion do not include OFDM#0 and OFDM#7. For example, if N=3, then when the reader performs R2D transmission, the preamble portion may include OFDM#2, OFDM#3, and OFDM#4, or it may include OFDM#4, OFDM#5, and OFDM#6; however, the preamble portion cannot include OFDM#0, OFDM#1, and OFDM#2, or it cannot include OFDM#5, OFDM#6, and OFDM#7.

[0239] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the level corresponding to the start indication information section and the synchronization information section can also be replaced by value, voltage, amplitude, strength or intensity, level, etc., and this application does not limit this. For example, a high level can also be referred to as high value, high voltage, high amplitude, high intensity, high level, etc.; a low level can also be referred to as low value, low voltage, low amplitude, low intensity, low level, etc.

[0240] This application provides a pattern corresponding to the synchronization information in the preamble. This pattern can indicate the chip length corresponding to the control information and / or data information, and the duration of the start indication part and the synchronization information part is equal to the duration of an integer number of OFDM symbols.

[0241] The preferred embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this application, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this application, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this application. For example, the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, this application will not describe the various possible combinations separately. Furthermore, various different embodiments of this application can also be arbitrarily combined, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this application, they should also be considered as the content disclosed in this application. Moreover, without conflict, the various embodiments and / or the technical features in the various embodiments described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with the prior art, and the resulting technical solutions should also fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0242] It should also be understood that in the various method embodiments of this application, the sequence number of each process does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the terms "downlink," "uplink," and "sidelink" are used to indicate the transmission direction of signals or data. "Downlink" indicates that the transmission direction of signals or data is a first direction from the site to the user equipment in the cell; "uplink" indicates that the transmission direction of signals or data is a second direction from the user equipment in the cell to the site; and "sidelink" indicates that the transmission direction of signals or data is a third direction from user equipment 1 to user equipment 2. For example, "downlink signal" indicates that the transmission direction of the signal is the first direction. Additionally, in the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the association relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. Specifically, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0243] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application, applied to a first device. As shown in Figure 13, the communication device includes:

[0244] Communication unit 1310 is configured to send / receive a first frame, the first frame including a preamble; the preamble includes a synchronization information portion, the synchronization information portion being used to obtain time synchronization and / or frequency synchronization.

[0245] The synchronization information portion includes one or more first high-level signals and one or more first low-level signals; the duration of the first high-level signal is the same as the duration of the first low-level signal.

[0246] In some embodiments, the synchronization information portion is further used to indicate the duration of the chip corresponding to the control information and / or data information included in the first frame.

[0247] In some embodiments, the duration of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal is related to the duration of the chip corresponding to the control information and / or data information included in the first frame.

[0248] In some embodiments, the duration of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal is the duration of the chip corresponding to the control information and / or data information included in the first frame; or

[0249] The duration of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal is a multiple of the duration of the chip corresponding to the control information and / or data information included in the first frame; or,

[0250] The duration of the chip corresponding to the control information and / or data information included in the first frame is a multiple of the duration of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal.

[0251] In some embodiments, the relationship between the duration of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal and the duration of the chip corresponding to the control information and / or data information included in the first frame is determined based on predefined information, or determined by network configuration information.

[0252] In some embodiments, the control information or data information included in the first frame corresponds to a Manchester-coded chip, a pulse-interval-coded chip, a biphase-interval-space-coded chip, or a Miller-coded chip.

[0253] In some embodiments, the synchronization information portion further includes a second high-level signal or a second low-level signal;

[0254] The second high-level signal or the second low-level signal is located at the end of the synchronization information section; or,

[0255] The second high-level signal or the second low-level signal is located before the last first high-level signal or the last low-level signal included in the synchronization information section; or,

[0256] The second high-level signal or the second low-level signal is located before the last first high-level signal and the last low-level signal included in the synchronization information section.

[0257] In some embodiments, the synchronization information portion includes a first high-level signal, a first low-level signal, and a second high-level signal; or,

[0258] The synchronization information portion includes a first first high-level signal, a first first low-level signal, a second first high-level signal, and a second low-level signal; or,

[0259] The synchronization information portion includes a first first high-level signal, a first first low-level signal, a second first high-level signal, a second first low-level signal, and a second high-level signal; or,

[0260] The synchronization information portion includes a first high-level signal, a first first low-level signal, a second high-level signal, and a second first low-level signal; or,

[0261] The synchronization information portion includes a first first high-level signal, a first first low-level signal, a second high-level signal, a second first low-level signal, and a second first high-level signal.

[0262] In some embodiments, the synchronization information portion includes a first low-level signal, a first high-level signal, and a second low-level signal; or,

[0263] The synchronization information portion includes a first first low-level signal, a first first high-level signal, a second first low-level signal, and a second high-level signal; or,

[0264] The synchronization information portion includes a first first low-level signal, a first first high-level signal, a second first low-level signal, a second first high-level signal, and a second low-level signal; or,

[0265] The synchronization information portion includes a first low-level signal, a first first high-level signal, a second low-level signal, and a second first high-level signal; or,

[0266] The synchronization information portion includes a first first low-level signal, a first first high-level signal, a second low-level signal, a second first high-level signal, and a second first low-level signal.

[0267] In some embodiments, the preamble further includes a start indication information portion, which is used to indicate the temporal start position of the first frame;

[0268] The sum of the first duration of the start indication information portion and the second duration of the synchronization information portion is the duration corresponding to N time domain symbols, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0269] In some embodiments, one or more of the following are determined based on predefined information: the first duration of the start indication information portion, the second duration of the synchronization information portion, the sum of the first duration of the start indication information portion and the second duration of the synchronization information portion, and the number N of time-domain symbols corresponding to the sum of the first duration of the start indication information portion and the second duration of the synchronization information portion. Alternatively, they may be determined based on configuration information sent by the network device.

[0270] In some embodiments, the start position of the preamble is the start position of the first time-domain symbol, the end position of the preamble is the end position of the second time-domain symbol, and the N time-domain symbols include the first time-domain symbol and the second time-domain symbol, wherein the first time-domain symbol and the second time-domain symbol are the same or different.

[0271] In some embodiments, the N time-domain symbols satisfy one or more of the following:

[0272] The length of the time-domain symbol does not include the length of the cyclic prefix (CP).

[0273] The length of the time-domain symbol is determined based on the length of the second CP;

[0274] The length of the time-domain symbol is determined based on the length of the first CP;

[0275] The N time-domain symbols include only time-domain symbols of the second CP length;

[0276] The first CP length is determined based on the CP length corresponding to the first time domain symbol or the eighth time domain symbol in the time slot, and the second CP length is determined based on the CP length corresponding to the other time domain symbols in the time slot besides the first time domain symbol and the eighth time domain symbol.

[0277] In some embodiments, the duration corresponding to the start indication information portion is within a first duration range; the first duration range is determined based on the duration of the start indication information and a first parameter.

[0278] The duration of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal in the synchronization information section is within a second duration range, which is determined based on the duration of the first high-level signal and a second parameter, or based on the duration of the first low-level signal and a second parameter.

[0279] The duration of the second high-level signal in the synchronization information section is within a third duration range, which is determined based on the duration of the second high-level signal and a third parameter.

[0280] The duration of the second low-level signal in the synchronization information section is within the fourth duration range, which is determined based on the duration of the second low-level signal and the fourth parameter.

[0281] In some embodiments, one or more of the first to fourth parameters are determined based on predefined information, or by configuration information sent by the network device.

[0282] In some embodiments, the first frame is an R2D transmission frame, or the first frame is a D2R transmission frame.

[0283] Those skilled in the art should understand that the description of the communication device in the embodiments of this application can be understood with reference to the description of the communication method in the embodiments of this application.

[0284] Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1400 provided in an embodiment of this application. This communication device can be a first device. The communication device 1400 shown in Figure 14 includes a processor 1410, which can call and run computer programs from memory to implement the methods in the embodiments of this application.

[0285] Optionally, as shown in FIG14, the communication device 1400 may further include a memory 1420. The processor 1410 may retrieve and run computer programs from the memory 1420 to implement the methods described in the embodiments of this application.

[0286] The memory 1420 can be a separate device independent of the processor 1410, or it can be integrated into the processor 1410.

[0287] Optionally, as shown in FIG14, the communication device 1400 may further include a transceiver 1430, and the processor 1410 may control the transceiver 1430 to communicate with other devices. Specifically, it may send information or data to other devices or receive information or data sent by other devices.

[0288] The transceiver 1430 may include a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver 1430 may further include an antenna, and the number of antennas may be one or more.

[0289] Optionally, the communication device 1400 may specifically be the first device in the embodiments of this application, and the communication device 1400 may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the first device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0290] Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip according to an embodiment of this application. The chip 1500 shown in Figure 15 includes a processor 1510, which can call and run computer programs from memory to implement the methods in the embodiments of this application.

[0291] Optionally, as shown in FIG15, chip 1500 may further include memory 1520. Processor 1510 may retrieve and run computer programs from memory 1520 to implement the methods in the embodiments of this application.

[0292] The memory 1520 can be a separate device independent of the processor 1510, or it can be integrated into the processor 1510.

[0293] Optionally, the chip 1500 may also include an input interface 1530. The processor 1510 can control the input interface 1530 to communicate with other devices or chips; specifically, it can acquire information or data sent by other devices or chips.

[0294] Optionally, the chip 1500 may also include an output interface 1540. The processor 1510 can control the output interface 1540 to communicate with other devices or chips, specifically, to output information or data to other devices or chips.

[0295] Optionally, the chip can be applied to the first device in the embodiments of this application, and the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the first device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0296] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0297] This application also provides a computer storage medium storing one or more programs, which can be executed by one or more processors to implement the methods in this application.

[0298] It should be understood that the processor in the embodiments of this application may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In implementation, the steps of the above method embodiments can be completed by integrated logic circuits in the processor's hardware or by instructions in software form. The processor described above can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly embodied in the execution of a hardware decoding processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software modules can be located in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. The storage medium is located in memory, and the processor reads information from the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method.

[0299] It is understood that the memory in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), Enhanced Synchronous DRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and Direct Rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory used in the systems and methods described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0300] It should be understood that the above-described memory is exemplary and not a limiting description. For example, the memory in the embodiments of this application may also be static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus RAM (DR RAM), etc. That is to say, the memory in the embodiments of this application is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0301] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer programs.

[0302] Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium can be applied to the first device in the embodiments of this application, and the computer program causes the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the first device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0303] This application also provides a computer program product, including computer program instructions.

[0304] Optionally, the computer program product can be applied to the first device in the embodiments of this application, and the computer program instructions cause the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the first device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, they will not be described in detail here.

[0305] This application also provides a computer program.

[0306] Optionally, the computer program can be applied to the first device in the embodiments of this application. When the computer program is run on a computer, it causes the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the first device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0307] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0308] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0309] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0310] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0311] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0312] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0313] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, the method comprising: A first device sends / receives a first frame, the first frame including a preamble; the preamble includes a synchronization information portion, the synchronization information portion being used to obtain time synchronization and / or frequency synchronization; The synchronization information portion includes one or more first high-level signals and one or more first low-level signals; the duration of the first high-level signal is the same as the duration of the first low-level signal.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The synchronization information portion is also used to indicate the duration of the chip corresponding to the control information and / or data information included in the first frame.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The duration of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal is related to the duration of the chip corresponding to the control information and / or data information included in the first frame.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein, The duration of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal is the duration of the chip corresponding to the control information and / or data information included in the first frame; or The duration of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal is a multiple of the duration of the chip corresponding to the control information and / or data information included in the first frame; or, The duration of the chip corresponding to the control information and / or data information included in the first frame is a multiple of the duration of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal.

5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein, The relationship between the duration of the first high-level signal and / or the first low-level signal and the duration of the chip corresponding to the control information and / or data information included in the first frame is determined based on predefined information, or by network configuration information.

6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein, The control information and / or data information included in the first frame corresponds to a Manchester-coded chip, a pulse-interval-coded chip, a biphase-interval-space-coded chip, or a Miller-coded chip.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The synchronization information section also includes a second high-level signal or a second low-level signal; The second high-level signal or the second low-level signal is located at the end of the synchronization information section; or, The second high-level signal or the second low-level signal is located before the last first high-level signal or the last low-level signal included in the synchronization information section; or, The second high-level signal or the second low-level signal is located before the last first high-level signal and the last low-level signal included in the synchronization information section.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, The synchronization information portion includes a first high-level signal, a first low-level signal, and a second high-level signal; or, The synchronization information portion includes a first first high-level signal, a first first low-level signal, a second first high-level signal, and a second low-level signal; or, The synchronization information portion includes a first first high-level signal, a first first low-level signal, a second first high-level signal, a second first low-level signal, and a second high-level signal; or, The synchronization information portion includes a first high-level signal, a first first low-level signal, a second high-level signal, and a second first low-level signal; or, The synchronization information portion includes a first first high-level signal, a first first low-level signal, a second high-level signal, a second first low-level signal, and a second first high-level signal.

9. The method according to claim 7, wherein, The synchronization information portion includes a first low-level signal, a first high-level signal, and a second low-level signal; or, The synchronization information portion includes a first first low-level signal, a first first high-level signal, a second first low-level signal, and a second high-level signal; or, The synchronization information portion includes a first first low-level signal, a first first high-level signal, a second first low-level signal, a second first high-level signal, and a second low-level signal; or, The synchronization information portion includes a first low-level signal, a first first high-level signal, a second low-level signal, and a second first high-level signal; or, The synchronization information portion includes a first first low-level signal, a first first high-level signal, a second low-level signal, a second first high-level signal, and a second first low-level signal.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, The preamble also includes a start indication information portion, which is used to indicate the temporal start position of the first frame; The sum of the first duration of the start indication information portion and the second duration of the synchronization information portion is the duration corresponding to N time domain symbols, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein, One or more of the following are determined based on predefined information: the first duration of the start indication information portion, the second duration of the synchronization information portion, the sum of the first duration of the start indication information portion and the second duration of the synchronization information portion, and the number N of time-domain symbols corresponding to the sum of the first duration of the start indication information portion and the second duration of the synchronization information portion. Alternatively, they may be determined by configuration information sent by the network device.

12. The method according to claim 11 or 12, wherein, The start position of the preamble is the start position of the first time-domain symbol, and the end position of the preamble is the end position of the second time-domain symbol. The N time-domain symbols include the first time-domain symbol and the second time-domain symbol, and the first time-domain symbol and the second time-domain symbol may be the same or different.

13. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein, The N time-domain symbols satisfy one or more of the following: The length of the time-domain symbol does not include the length of the cyclic prefix (CP). The length of the time-domain symbol is determined based on the length of the second CP; The length of the time-domain symbol is determined based on the length of the first CP; The N time-domain symbols include only time-domain symbols of the second CP length; The first CP length is determined based on the CP length corresponding to the first time domain symbol or the eighth time domain symbol in the time slot, and the second CP length is determined based on the CP length corresponding to the other time domain symbols in the time slot besides the first time domain symbol and the eighth time domain symbol.

14. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein, Includes at least one of the following: The duration corresponding to the start indication information portion is within a first duration range; the first duration range is determined based on the first duration and the first parameter. The duration of the first high-level signal and / or the duration of the first low-level signal in the synchronization information section are within a second duration range, which is determined based on the duration of the first high-level signal and a second parameter, or based on the duration of the first low-level signal and a second parameter. The duration of the second high-level signal in the synchronization information section is within a third duration range, which is determined based on the duration of the second high-level signal and a third parameter. The second low-level signal of the synchronization information section is located within a fourth duration range, which is determined based on the duration of the second low-level signal and a fourth parameter.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein, One or more of the first to fourth parameters are determined based on predefined information, or by configuration information sent by the network device.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein, The first frame is a reader-to-device R2D transmission frame, or the first frame is a device-to-reader D2R transmission frame.

17. A resource allocation device, applied to a first device, comprising: A communication unit is configured to send / receive a first frame, the first frame including a preamble; the preamble includes a synchronization information portion, the synchronization information portion being used to obtain time synchronization and / or frequency synchronization. The synchronization information portion includes one or more first high-level signals and one or more first low-level signals; the duration of the first high-level signal is the same as the duration of the first low-level signal.

18. A communication device, comprising: A processor and a memory for storing a computer program, the processor for calling and running the computer program stored in the memory to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 16.

19. A chip, comprising: A processor for retrieving and running a computer program from memory, causing a device having the chip mounted to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 16.

20. A computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program that causes a computer to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 16.

21. A computer program product comprising computer program instructions that cause a computer to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14.

22. A computer program that causes a computer to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 16.

Images