Bituminous composition comprising a residue of the thermal conversion of plastic

Abstract

The invention relates to a bituminous composition comprising: a) at least one bitumen base, b) at least one residue of the thermal conversion of plastic, of which 40% to 70% by weight, preferably 40 to 60% by weight, has a boiling point of 650°C or more, preferably of 660°C or more, in particular of at most 760° C, according to standard ASTM D7169-20. The present invention therefore makes it possible to upgrade a residue of the thermal conversion of plastic for use in a road bitumen.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] Title of the invention: BITUMINOUS COMPOSITION COMPRISING A THERMAL CONVERSION RESIDUE OF PLASTIC

[0003] Domain

[0004] The present invention relates to the field of bitumen, particularly for use in road construction or civil engineering. Specifically, the present invention concerns a bituminous composition incorporating a residue from the thermal conversion of plastic waste. The invention also relates to a method for preparing a bituminous composition according to the invention, as well as its use for road and / or industrial applications.

[0005] State of the art

[0006] Bitumen is the main hydrocarbon component used in road construction and civil engineering. For example, it is used for road surfacing and as a waterproofing membrane. Bitumen is generally obtained from residues resulting from the distillation of crude oil, either atmospherically and / or under vacuum.

[0007] Oil resources are, however, limited. Indeed, "proven oil reserves" reached over 200 billion tons of oil equivalent (TOE) worldwide in 2018, according to experts at British Petroleum (who have been tracking the resource since 1980). Although substantial, these reserves could only cover 50.2 years of annual consumption at the 2017 rate. These figures are confirmed by the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) and the International Energy Agency (IEA). It is therefore essential to limit our oil consumption as much as possible.

[0008] Furthermore, in order to maintain and / or improve the characteristics, particularly the mechanical properties, of conventional bitumen, it is known to use bitumen / polymer compositions in which the bitumen (composed of one or more types of bitumen) is mixed with one or more functional polymers, notably styrene and butadiene elastomers. These elastomers are chemically crosslinked in situ, possibly using a coupling or crosslinking agent, such as sulfur or at least one of its precursors. Optimized mechanical characteristics are indeed crucial for certain road surfacing applications. In the vast majority of cases, however, these polymers are synthesized from petroleum. The preparation of bitumen / polymer compositions therefore further increases our petroleum consumption.

[0009] To reduce our oil consumption, particularly bitumen, there are now plans to incorporate increasing amounts of recycled materials into bituminous mixtures. This approach aims to promote the circular economy by limiting the use of fossil resources, especially bitumen, but also polymers in the case of bitumen / polymer mixtures.

[0010] In this sense, it is known to valorize plastic waste by using it as a feedstock in chemical processes (gasification, pyrolysis, depolymerization, dissolution) or in mechanical processes (shredding). In the feedstock, plastic waste can also be combined with waste from biomass.

[0011] High-temperature pyrolysis processes make it possible to transform plastic waste into several products in varying proportions depending on the nature of the waste used and the pyrolysis conditions: an oil, consisting of the condensable volatile products formed during pyrolysis, a gaseous mixture, and coke (or "char").

[0012] The oil produced by the pyrolysis of plastic can be used in other processes, possibly after being separated into several fractions. However, coke is difficult to valorize. Its chemical composition and mechanical properties make it unsuitable for use in metallurgy and cement production. Therefore, current coke valorization solutions are limited to thermal energy recovery or landfill disposal.

[0013] By selecting appropriate thermal conversion conditions, it is possible to form a hot-liquefiable solid residue instead of coke. This pyrolysis residue contains heavier products than pyrolysis oil or a heavy fraction of pyrolysis oil, and a much higher metal content. A residue can thus contain minimally cracked polymer chains, alkylated polyaromatics, etc. The metal content of pyrolysis oils generally does not exceed 4000 ppm, whereas it is at least 6000 ppm and can reach 10% by mass or even more in pyrolysis residues.

[0014] There is a need to valorize the residue from a thermal conversion of plastic.

[0015] EP 4 124 638 A1 describes bitumen base compositions comprising up to 5% by mass of at least one plastic pyrolysis oil having an initial boiling point of at least 300°C. The resulting compositions exhibit improved properties in terms of TBA variation, compared to bitumen alone.

[0016] However, the pyrolysis oil content is limited to a maximum of 5% by mass. Therefore, the reliance on petroleum bitumens remains very high.

[0017] Therefore, there remains a need to provide bituminous compositions whose dependence on fossil resources, particularly bitumen, is significantly reduced compared to prior art compositions.

[0018] In particular, there remains a need for bituminous compositions incorporating a larger proportion of recycled components, compared to prior art compositions. In other words, there remains a need for bituminous compositions with a significantly reduced content of fossil-based material(s), particularly bitumen, compared to prior art compositions.

[0019] In the case of bitumen / polymer compositions, there remains a need for bitumen / polymer compositions (possibly cross-linked) with a reduced content of fossil-based material(s), particularly bitumen and / or polymer, compared to prior art compositions. Furthermore, oil extraction is currently responsible for the release of significant quantities of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, which have a substantial impact on global warming. The carbon footprint associated with bitumen / polymer compositions is even greater. Indeed, the carbon footprint of pure bitumen is estimated at 0.2 kg of CO2 equivalent per kg of bitumen (estimate made by the Eurobitume association). The carbon footprint of a polymer, particularly a styrene-butadiene elastomer, is currently estimated at between 2.2 and 3.3 kg of CO2 equivalent per kg of polymer, depending on the process used and plant optimization.

[0020] Therefore, there remains a need for bituminous compositions, particularly bitumen / polymer compositions, with a reduced carbon footprint.

[0021] In addition to reducing dependence on fossil-based materials discussed above, reducing the carbon footprint of bituminous compositions, particularly bitumen / polymer compositions, also involves reducing their application, shaping and usage temperatures.

[0022] Therefore, there remains a need for bituminous compositions, particularly bitumen / polymer compositions, the energy requirements of which associated with their application are significantly reduced compared to prior art compositions.

[0023] In particular, there remains a need for bituminous compositions, especially bitumen / polymer compositions, which have both a fossil material content and significantly reduced energy requirements for application compared to prior art compositions.

[0024] Summary of the invention

[0025] A first object of the invention relates to a bituminous composition comprising: a) at least one bitumen base, b) at least one plastic thermal conversion residue of which 40% to 70% by mass, preferably 40% to 60% by mass, has a boiling point of 650°C or more, preferably 660°C or more, in particular not more than 760°C, according to ASTM D7169:20. Preferably, residue b) can be a residue from the pyrolysis of plastic waste.

[0026] Advantageously, the bituminous composition according to the invention can have a residue content b) ranging from 0.1 to 30% by mass relative to the total mass of the composition, preferably from 0.5 to 25% by mass, more preferably from 1 to 20% by mass, more preferably from 5 to 15% by mass.

[0027] Advantageously, residue b) used in the present invention may have one or more of the following characteristics: an initial boiling point of at least 250 °C measured according to ASTM D7169:20, a boiling point at 20% by mass, measured according to ASTM D7169:20, of 530 to 580 °C, a penetrability at 25 °C, measured according to EN 1426, of 10 to 40 10' 1 mm, preferably from 15 to 35 10' 1mm, a ball and ring softening temperature, measured according to EN 1427, of 85 to 120 °C, preferably from 90 °C to 115 °C, a total metal content, measured according to IP 501, of not more than 7% by mass, preferably not more than 1% by mass, more preferably not more than 8000 ppm by mass, and preferably not more than 5000 ppm by mass, a final melting temperature measured by thermal analysis, during a second heating ramp between -80 °C and 180 °C at 10 °C / min, ranging from 90 to 180 °C, preferably from 90 to 140 °C.

[0028] According to one embodiment, the composition of the invention further comprises at least one elastomer, preferably chosen from copolymers of an aromatic monovinyl hydrocarbon and a conjugated diene.

[0029] Preferably, according to this embodiment, the composition of the invention is a crosslinked bitumen / polymer composition, obtained by crosslinking, in particular chemical or thermal, of a bituminous composition as defined above.

[0030] The invention also relates to a method for preparing a bituminous composition according to the invention, said method comprising the following successive steps:

[0031] 1) the introduction of at least:

[0032] - a bitumen base,

[0033] - a plastic thermal conversion residue of which 40% to 70% by mass, preferably 40% to 60% by mass, has a boiling point of 650°C or higher, preferably 660°C or higher, in particular not more than 760°C, according to ASTM D7169:20, - optionally, an elastomer,

[0034] 2) the mixing of components.

[0035] The bitumen base and the residue can advantageously be preheated, preferably separately, to a temperature ranging from 90°C to 230°C, preferably from 100°C to 200°C, more preferably from 100°C to 180°C.

[0036] The invention further relates to the use of a bituminous composition according to the invention, as a binder for preparing a surface coating, hot mix asphalt, cold mix asphalt, cold poured asphalt, emulsion gravel or wearing course, said binder being associated with aggregates and / or recycled millings; or for the manufacture of a sealing and / or soundproofing material, preferably chosen from: a sealing membrane, a liquid coating, an adhesive, a primer and a soundproofing membrane.

[0037] The invention further relates to a bituminous coating comprising a bituminous composition according to the invention, mixed with aggregates and / or recycled millings, and optionally mineral and / or synthetic fillers.

[0038] The invention also relates to a prefabricated waterproofing membrane comprising:

[0039] - a support or reinforcement, in particular one or more fibrous reinforcements,

[0040] - a bitumen composition, in particular a bitumen / polymer composition, according to the invention, said support or reinforcement being coated on at least one face, preferably impregnated throughout, with said bituminous composition.

[0041] The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a sealing membrane according to the invention, said method comprising the following successive steps:

[0042] 1) the supply of a bituminous composition, in particular a bitumen / polymer composition, according to the invention;

[0043] 2) the application of the composition obtained in step 1) on at least one face of a support or reinforcement.

[0044] The invention also relates to the use in a bituminous composition, in particular in a bitumen / polymer composition, of at least one thermal conversion residue of plastics of which 40% to 70% by mass, preferably 40% to 60% by mass, has a boiling point of 650°C or more, preferably 660°C or more, in particular not more than 760°C, according to ASTM D7169:20, to reduce the content of compounds of fossil origin, in particular bitumen and / or elastomer, in said composition.

[0045] The invention further relates to the use in a bituminous composition, in particular in a bitumen / polymer composition, of a thermal conversion residue of plastics of which 40% to 70% by mass, preferably 40% to 60% by mass, has a boiling point of 650°C or more, preferably 660°C or more, in particular not more than 760°C, according to ASTM D7169:20, to reduce the hot viscosity of said composition.

[0046] The invention also relates to the use in a bituminous composition, in particular in a bitumen / polymer composition, of a thermal conversion residue of plastics of which 40% to 70% by mass, preferably 40% to 60% by mass, has a boiling point of 650°C or more, preferably 660°C or more, in particular not more than 760°C, according to ASTM D7169:20, to reduce the processing temperature of said bituminous composition.

[0047] The inventors discovered that it was possible to further reduce the content of fossil-based material(s) in a bituminous composition, particularly a bitumen / polymer composition, by incorporating a specific residue obtained through the thermal conversion of plastic (waste). Specifically, the inventors discovered that it was possible to incorporate such a residue into a bituminous composition, particularly a bitumen / polymer composition, without significantly affecting the properties of the final material. The final material exhibits properties that are substantially equivalent to, or even improved upon, those of bituminous compositions free of the aforementioned residue.

[0048] The inventors also discovered, surprisingly, that incorporating this residue into a bituminous composition, particularly a bitumen / polymer composition, improves its mechanical properties, notably by increasing the softening temperature of the bitumen or bitumen / polymer composition, without affecting the penetrability of the bitumen base. In the case of bitumen / polymer compositions, it is thus possible, at a constant polymer content, to further improve the mechanical properties of a bitumen / polymer composition by incorporating this residue. It is also possible, at equivalent mechanical properties, to reduce the polymer content by incorporating this residue. This second option is advantageous because it allows for a further reduction in the proportion of fossil-based materials in the compositions.

[0049] The inventors also made a surprising discovery: incorporating such a residue into a bituminous composition improves the hot properties of said composition, notably reducing its hot viscosity. This particular technical effect is advantageous because it allows for a reduction in the application temperature of the bituminous composition. This decrease in application temperature then translates into a reduction in the energy consumption associated with applying the composition, and thus a reduction in the carbon footprint of the final pavement.

[0050] In particular, the inventors discovered that the incorporation of such a residue into a bituminous composition, especially into a bitumen / polymer composition, makes it possible to significantly reduce the hot viscosity of said bituminous composition, without degrading its cold properties.

[0051] Detailed description of the invention

[0052] In the following description, and unless explicitly stated otherwise, the quantities of the different components present in a bituminous composition according to the invention are given as % mass, relative to the total mass of the composition (hereinafter referred to as % w / w).

[0053] Similarly, and unless explicitly stated otherwise, the standards mentioned later in the description correspond to the standard in force on July 12, 2024.

[0054] The term "boiling point" refers to the boiling point commonly used in the oil and gas industry. Boiling points are measured at atmospheric pressure. The initial boiling point is defined as the temperature at which the first vapor bubble forms. The final boiling point is the highest temperature achievable during standard distillation. At this temperature, no more vapor can be drawn into the condensing units. The determination of the initial and final boiling points is known in itself. Depending on the boiling range of the mixture, they can be determined using various standardized methods, such as ASTM D2887:2019, which relates to the distribution of the boiling range of petroleum fractions by gas chromatography.

[0055] For compositions containing heavier hydrocarbons, ASTM D7169:2020 or D2892-20:2020 can also be used. The boiling ranges of distillates can also be advantageously measured using ASTM D7500:2019.

[0056] The invention relates firstly to a bituminous composition comprising: a) at least one bitumen base, b) at least one thermal conversion residue of plastic waste.

[0057] Bitumen base

[0058] The bitumen or bitumens used to prepare a bituminous composition according to the invention are called "bitumen base".

[0059] Among the bitumens usable according to the invention, we can first mention bitumens of natural origin, those contained in deposits of natural bitumen, natural asphalt, or oil sands, and bitumens obtained from crude oil refining. Within the scope of the invention, the bitumen(s) used are advantageously chosen from among bitumens obtained from crude oil refining, in particular bitumens containing asphaltenes or pitches. The bitumens can be obtained by conventional bitumen manufacturing processes in refineries, in particular by direct distillation and / or vacuum distillation of petroleum. These bitumens can optionally be viscoreduced and / or deasphalted and / or air rectified. It is common practice to perform vacuum distillation of atmospheric residues from the atmospheric distillation of crude oil.This manufacturing process therefore consists of a succession of atmospheric distillation and vacuum distillation, with the feedstock for the vacuum distillation being atmospheric residues. These vacuum residues from the vacuum distillation tower can also be used as bitumen. It is also common to inject air into a feedstock typically composed of distillates and heavy products from the vacuum distillation of atmospheric residues from petroleum distillation. This process yields blown, semi-blown, oxidized, air-rectified, or partially air-rectified bitumen.

[0060] Different bitumens obtained by refining processes can be combined in the compositions according to the invention to achieve the best compromise in terms of technical performance. In conventional processes for blending different bitumens, the mixture is blended at temperatures ranging from 100°C to 200°C, preferably from 140°C to 200°C, and with agitation for a period of at least 10 minutes, preferably from 30 minutes to 10 hours, and more preferably from 1 to 6 hours. The temperature and duration of heating vary according to the quantity of bitumen used and are defined by standard NF EN 12594. Blown bitumens can be manufactured in a blowing unit by passing a stream of air and / or oxygen through a starting bitumen or mixture of bitumens. This operation can be carried out in the presence of an oxidation catalyst, for example, phosphoric acid.

[0061] Generally, blowing is carried out at high temperatures, in the range of 200 to 300 °C, for relatively long periods typically from 30 minutes to 2 hours, either continuously or in batches. The duration and temperature of blowing are adjusted according to the desired properties of the blown bitumen and the quality of the starting bitumen.

[0062] Among the bitumens that can be used according to the invention, recycled bitumens can also be mentioned.

[0063] Bitumens can be hard grade bitumens (such as grades 10 / 20 and 20 / 30) or soft grade bitumens (such as grade 160 / 220) as defined by standard EN 12591.

[0064] The invention is particularly suitable for cases where the bitumen base consists of a hard grade bitumen or a mixture of hard grade bitumens, in particular chosen from grade bitumens of 70 / 100, 50 / 70, 35 / 50, 20 / 30 and 10 / 20.

[0065] The bitumen bases usable within the scope of the invention preferably have a penetrability, measured at 25°C according to standard EN 1426, of 5 to 330 1 / 10 mm, preferably between 10 and 220 1 / 10 mm, and more preferably between 10 and 120 1 / 10 mm. As is well known, the measurement known as "needle penetration" is carried out using a standardized test NF EN 1426 at 25°C (P25). This penetrability characteristic is expressed in tenths of a millimeter (dmm or 1 / 10 mm). The needle penetration, measured at 25°C according to the standardized test NF EN 1426, represents the measurement of the penetration, after 5 seconds, of a needle whose mass, including its support, is 100 g into a sample of bitumen.

[0066] Preferably, the bituminous composition according to the invention comprises at least 40% by mass of bitumen, relative to the total mass of the bituminous composition, preferably at least 50% by mass, more preferably at least 60% by mass, advantageously at least 70% by mass, more advantageously at least 80% by mass, even more advantageously at least 85% by mass.

[0067] Advantageously, the bituminous composition of the invention comprises from 60% to 99.9% by mass, relative to the total mass of bituminous composition, preferably from 65% to 99% by mass, more preferably from 70% to 95% by mass, more preferably from 80% to 90% by mass.

[0068] Plastic thermal conversion residue

[0069] The composition of the invention further comprises at least one residue from the thermal conversion of plastic, in particular from plastic waste.

[0070] Common industrial methods for recycling hydrocarbons from plastic include thermal conversion liquefaction of plastic waste that might otherwise have ended up in a landfill or incinerator.

[0071] The liquefaction of plastic waste can be achieved, in particular, by pyrolysis. The thermal conversion step transforms the plastics and most of their additives and contaminants into gaseous chemical products, while most of the contaminants or non-volatile additives end up in the solid by-product, charcoal or ash.

[0072] In principle, all types of plastic waste can be converted. However, a preliminary step of sorting non-organic waste is advisable.

[0073] Plastic waste is a complex and heterogeneous material due to several factors. First, the term "plastic" refers to many different polymers with varying chemical properties that can be separated before recycling or recycled as a complex mixture. The main polymers found in plastic from municipal solid waste are polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS). Other polymers include polyurethanes, polyamides (PA), polycarbonates, polyethers, and polyesters other than PET. Furthermore, many different additives to the base polymers are introduced during the production phase to adjust or improve the plastic's properties or to meet specific requirements.These include functional additives (stabilizers, antistatic agents, flame retardants, plasticizers, lubricants, sliding agents, curing agents, foaming agents, biocides, antioxidants, etc.), colorants and pigments, fillers (e.g., glass fibers, talc, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes), commonly used in plastic packaging, as well as additives such as flame retardants, frequently used in plastics for electronics. In addition, several metallic compounds are intentionally added during plastic production (often in the form of oxides, carbonates, acids, etc.). Additives containing heteroatoms other than metals are also used in plastics manufacturing, for example, halogens such as bromine in flame retardants, plasticizers, stabilizers, etc.

[0074] Silicone polymers, which are organic materials containing silicon, are often used in plastic formulations. Thanks to their surface characteristics, silicone applications range from silicone rubbers, used as sealants for joints, to silicone surfactants for cosmetic products, while they are increasingly used in the plastics sector as process-enhancing additives (manufacturing auxiliaries) and for polymer modification.

[0075] In addition to these heteroelements, used plastic waste may have been contaminated during its lifetime by traces of liquids it has come into contact with (beverages, personal care products, etc.) and food, which can also contaminate the plastic. Finally, some plastic waste may be present in the form of partially decomposed material, such as partially burned plastic.

[0076] For the purposes of this invention, "plastic thermal conversion residue" or simply "residue" refers to the product that has not been volatilized during the thermal conversion, particularly during thermal pyrolysis, of plastics or plastic waste. The thermal conversion process, especially pyrolysis, should be understood as a non-selective thermal cracking process.

[0077] According to a preferred embodiment, the residue used is obtained by pyrolysis of waste, in particular by pyrolysis of plastic waste.

[0078] The residue according to the invention can result from a plastic waste conversion process, comprising the following steps: a) a plastic waste melting step, b) a thermal cracking step of the molten plastic waste produced in step a) in a thermal cracking reactor, this step being carried out at a temperature of 360 to 465 °C, a pressure of 1 to 10 bar relative and a residence time of 20 minutes to 1 hour, and during which volatile products and a liquid residue are formed under the conditions of implementation of step b). c) a rapid cooling step of the volatile products, d) a withdrawal step of the liquid residue.

[0079] The residue obtained in step b) is solid at room temperature and liquefiable at temperatures above approximately 90 °C. Hereafter, this residue is referred to interchangeably as a residue or liquefiable solid residue.

[0080] Preferably, the plastic waste used has a polyolefin content of at least 80% by mass, for example, 80 to 100% by mass, preferably at least 85% by mass, more preferably at least 90% by mass, even more preferably at least 95% by mass, or even at least 99% by mass. Preferably, the polyolefins are polyethylene and / or polypropylene.

[0081] Preferably, aromatic polymers, in particular polystyrene, are present in plastic waste in quantities of not more than 20% by mass, for example from 0 to 20% by mass, preferably not more than 10% by mass, more preferably not more than 5% by mass or even in a quantity of not more than 1% by mass.

[0082] Preferably, the plastic waste used has a mineral filler content measured according to ASTM D6375 of 0 to 7%, preferably 0 to 5% by mass, more preferably 1 to 2% by mass, the remainder being made up of polymers.

[0083] Step a) of melting is typically carried out at a temperature of 200 to 400 °C, preferably 250 to 350 °C, and even more preferably 265 to 325 °C.

[0084] Step b) of thermal cracking allows the formation of, in particular, only volatile products and a liquid residue under the conditions of implementation of step b), without, however, leading to coking of the products and the formation of non-liquefiable char. To ensure that step b) proceeds without coking, the content of xylene insolubles in the residue can, for example, be monitored according to ASTM D5630.

[0085] Preferably, the temperature, pressure and residence time will be controlled so that the content of the residue insoluble in xylene is 0 to 7% by mass, preferably 0 to 3% by mass, more preferably 1 to 2% by mass.

[0086] These insolubles may include coke and / or heteroatoms such as metals and / or other elements such as phosphorus, chlorine and / or fluorine.

[0087] The metal content of the residue, typically measured by ICP-OES plasma emission spectrometry according to ASTM D5185 or IP 501, can vary depending on the plastic waste being treated.

[0088] Step b) of cracking is preferably exclusively thermal, implemented in the absence of any catalyst not separable from the liquefiable solid residue.

[0089] Step b) is carried out in a thermal cracking reactor. Examples include a continuously stirred tank reactor, a rotary kiln, or any other suitable reactor. This reactor, typically cylindrical in shape, can advantageously be arranged vertically to facilitate the removal of residue from a lower section and the evacuation of volatile products from an upper section. Alternatively, the reactor can be arranged horizontally and include a screw conveyor that gradually advances the residue towards the removal point during the thermal cracking reaction. This reactor can be heated by any suitable means, for example, by burners or electric heating, by the presence of a solid support such as silicon carbide and microwave heating, or by the presence of metallic components and induction heating.

[0090] Step c) can be carried out in the usual way, using one or more condensers connected to an outlet of the cracking reactor. Since the residue is liquid under the conditions of step b), the withdrawal in step d) can be carried out in the usual way from a lower part of the thermal cracking reactor being used.

[0091] Furthermore, the residue incorporated into the bituminous composition of the invention has not undergone any treatment after its obtaining.

[0092] The residue of the invention typically exhibits a penetrability at 25°C, measured according to standard EN 1426, less than or equal to 40 1 / 10 mm, preferably less than or equal to 35 1 / 10 mm.

[0093] Preferably, the residue of the invention has a penetrability at 25°C, measured according to standard EN 1426, greater than or equal to 10 1 / 10 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 15 1 / 10 mm.

[0094] More preferably, the residue of the invention has a penetrability at 25°C, measured according to standard EN 1426, ranging from 10 to 40 1 / 10 mm, preferably from 15 to 35 1 / 10 mm.

[0095] Preferably, the residue of the invention has a ball and ring softening temperature (BRT), measured according to EN 1427, greater than or equal to 85°C, more preferably ranging from 85°C to 120°C, typically ranging from 90°C to 115°C.

[0096] Preferably, the residue of the invention has a Cleveland flash point, measured according to ASTM D 92, greater than or equal to 200°C, more preferably greater than or equal to 220°C, typically ranging from 220°C to 350°C, for example from 230°C to 340°C.

[0097] According to one embodiment, the residue of the invention has a final melting temperature, measured by thermal analysis (DSC), during a second heating ramp between -80 °C and 180 °C at 10 °C / min, greater than or equal to 90 °C, preferably ranging from 90 to 180 °C, and even more preferably ranging from 90 to 140 °C. The residue is thus liquid at a temperature above 90 °C.

[0098] Distillation is known to be carried out by gradually heating a product. In the case of a pure compound, the entire product is distilled at a constant temperature. Conversely, in the case of a mixture, fractions with different boiling points are evaporated progressively. These boiling points increase during the distillation process. The boiling points of the residue according to the invention are determined by simulated distillation in accordance with ASTM D7169:20.

[0099] Simulated distillation of a residue according to the invention shows that 30 to 60% by mass of the residue according to the invention, preferably 40 to 60% by mass of the residue, more preferably 50 to 60% by mass of the residue, does not distill at a boiling point of 650 °C or more, preferably 660 °C or more, typically 650 to 760 °C according to ASTM D7169:20. In other words, only 40 to 70% by mass of the residue, preferably 40 to 60% by mass of the residue, more preferably 40 to 50% by mass of the residue, has a boiling point of 650 °C or more, preferably 660 °C or more, typically at most 760 °C, according to ASTM D7169:20.Put another way, the boiling point of the remaining portion of the residue once 40 to 70% of the mass of the starting residue, preferably 40 to 60% by mass of the starting residue, more preferably 50 to 60% by mass of the starting residue, has evaporated, is 650 °C or more, preferably 660 °C or more, typically not more than 760 °C according to ASTM D7169:20.

[0100] Preferably, the residue of the invention has an initial boiling point, measured according to ASTM D7169:20, greater than or equal to 250°C, more preferably from 250°C to 400°C, even more preferably from 275°C to 390°C.

[0101] For the purposes of this invention, "boiling point at X% of product Y" means the boiling point of the remaining portion of product Y once X% by mass of the starting product has been evaporated.

[0102] Preferably, the residue of the invention has a boiling point at 5% by mass, measured according to ASTM D7169:20, greater than or equal to 400 °C.

[0103] Preferably, the residue of the invention has a boiling point at 5% by mass, measured according to ASTM D7169:20, less than or equal to 470 °C.

[0104] Preferably, the residue of the invention has a boiling point at 10% by mass, measured according to ASTM D7169:20, greater than or equal to 440 °C.

[0105] Preferably, the residue of the invention has a boiling point at 10% by mass, measured according to ASTM D7169:20, less than or equal to 510 °C.

[0106] Preferably, the residue of the invention has a boiling point at 15% by mass, measured according to ASTM D7169:20, greater than or equal to 480 °C.

[0107] Preferably, the residue of the invention has a boiling point at 15% by mass, measured according to ASTM D7169:20, less than or equal to 550 °C.

[0108] Preferably, the residue of the invention has a boiling point at 20% by mass, measured according to ASTM D7169:20, greater than or equal to 530 °C.

[0109] Preferably, the residue of the invention has a boiling point at 20% by mass, measured according to ASTM D7169:20, less than or equal to 580 °C.

[0110] Preferably, the residue of the invention has a boiling point at 30% by mass, measured according to ASTM D7169:20, greater than or equal to 600 °C.

[0111] Preferably, the residue of the invention has a boiling point at 30% by mass, measured according to ASTM D7169:20, less than or equal to 650 °C.

[0112] Preferably, the residue of the invention has a boiling point at 40% by mass, measured according to ASTM D7169:20, greater than or equal to 650 °C.

[0113] Preferably, the residue of the invention has a boiling point at 40% by mass, measured according to ASTM D7169:20, less than or equal to 730 °C.

[0114] Preferably, the residue of the invention has a boiling point at 50% by mass, measured according to ASTM D7169:20, greater than or equal to 720 °C.

[0115] Preferably, the residue of the invention has a boiling point at 50% by mass, measured according to ASTM D7169:20, less than or equal to 760 °C.

[0116] According to one embodiment, the residue according to the invention has a total metal content, measured by ICP-OES according to standard IP 501, of at most 10% by mass, preferably at most 7% by mass, more preferably at most 1% by mass, even more preferably at most 8000 ppm by mass, and preferably at most 5000 ppm by mass, and most often at least 4000 ppm, or even at least 40,000 ppm. One or more of the following metals may be present: aluminum (Al), barium (Ba), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), titanium (Ti), sodium (Na), and zinc (Zn). In particular, the residue may contain significant amounts of one or more of the following metals: Al, Ba, Fe, Mg, Ti, and possibly Ca.

[0117] The residue of the invention may have a calcium (Ca) content greater than or equal to 1500 ppm, typically ranging from 1500 ppm to 80,000 ppm. This content may be higher, for example, typically from less than 30,000 ppm up to 80,000 ppm.

[0118] The residue of the invention may have an aluminum content (Al) greater than or equal to 1500 ppm, typically ranging from 1500 ppm to 6000 ppm.

[0119] The residue of the invention may have an iron (Fe) content greater than or equal to 1000 ppm, typically ranging from 1000 ppm to 4000 ppm.

[0120] The residue of the invention may have a barium Ba content greater than or equal to 150 ppm, often greater than or equal to 300 ppm, typically ranging from 150 ppm to 4000 ppm.

[0121] The residue of the invention may have a magnesium (Mg) content greater than or equal to 1000 ppm, typically ranging from 1000 ppm to 4000 ppm.

[0122] The residue of the invention may have a titanium element content (Ti) greater than or equal to 1000 ppm, often greater than or equal to 5000 ppm, typically ranging from 1000 ppm to 18000 ppm.

[0123] The total metal content of the residue can therefore be relatively high, in particular on the order of 4000 ppm or more, or even on the order of 40,000 ppm or more, and can reach 100,000 ppm (i.e., 10% by mass). However, it is preferable that it be at most 7% by mass or less, as described above, in order to improve storage stability and the durability of the composition according to the invention, since the presence of metals can induce aging phenomena.

[0124] The residue of the invention may also have a phosphorus (P) content greater than or equal to 500 ppm, more preferably greater than or equal to 550 ppm, typically ranging from 500 to 1300 ppm. The phosphorus content is typically determined by acid digestion in a closed microwave instrument due to its volatility. The resulting solution is then analyzed by ICP-OES under conventional acidic conditions.

[0125] According to one embodiment, the residue of the invention has a silicon (Si) content greater than or equal to 5 ppm, more preferably greater than or equal to 10 ppm, typically ranging from 10,000 to 15,000 ppm. The silicon content is typically determined by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) after homogenization of the material and appropriate calibration.

[0126] Advantageously, the bituminous composition of the invention has a thermal conversion residue content of plastic, ranging from 0.1% by mass to 30% by mass, relative to the total mass of bituminous composition, preferably ranging from 0.5% to 25% by mass, more preferably from 1% to 20% by mass, even more preferably from 5% to 15% by mass.

[0127] According to one embodiment, the bituminous composition of the invention comprises more than 5% by mass of residue as defined above. Preferably, according to this embodiment, the bituminous composition of the invention comprises from 5% to 30% by mass of residue, more preferably from 7.5% to 25% by mass, typically from 10% to 20% by mass, relative to the total mass of the bituminous composition.

[0128] Elastomer

[0129] According to one embodiment, the bituminous composition of the invention further comprises at least one elastomer. In this case, the bituminous composition of the invention is a bitumen / polymer composition. It may be crosslinked or non-crosslinked.

[0130] The elastomer is advantageously a block copolymer or a mixture of block copolymers.

[0131] Preferably, the block copolymer comprises at least 2 consecutive blocks.

[0132] It is preferably selected from block copolymers of formula SBS, in which each S independently represents a block based on aromatic monovinyl hydrocarbon monomers, and B represents a block based on butadiene monomers, in which the S blocks together represent at least 15% by moles of the total number of moles of the block copolymer, said block copolymers having a mass average molecular weight ranging from 40,000 to 500,000 g / mol -1and have a vinyl group content greater than or equal to 5% by moles, preferably greater than or equal to 10% by moles, more preferably greater than or equal to 20% by moles, relative to the total number of moles of the block copolymer.

[0133] For the purposes of this invention, "block" means a polymer chain obtained by the polymerization of one or more monomers of the same chemical nature.

[0134] The monovinylaromatic hydrocarbon monomers from which the S blocks of the block copolymers defined above are derived can independently be any monovinylaromatic hydrocarbon compound known for use in the preparation of block copolymers such as: styrene, o-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, p-tert-butylstyrene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, alpha-methylstyrene, vinylnaphthalene, vinyltoluene and vinylxylene or mixtures thereof. The preferred aromatic monovinyl hydrocarbon compound according to the present invention is styrene, which is used as a substantially pure monomer or as a major component in mixtures with minor proportions of another aromatic vinyl monomer of related structure, such as o-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, p-tert-butylstyrene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, alpha methylstyrene, vinylnaphthalene, vinyltoluene and vinylxylene, namely, in proportions of not more than 10% by mass.The use of substantially pure styrene is particularly preferred in the present invention.

[0135] The butadiene B monomer-based block used in the block copolymers mentioned above is based on practically pure butadiene monomers or containing minor proportions, up to 10% by mass, of structurally related conjugated dienes. Preferably, the polybutadiene is composed purely of butadiene monomers.

[0136] With regard to the block copolymers of the present invention, the terms "molecular weight," "molecular mass," or "average molar mass" are expressed in g·mol⁻¹. The molecular masses mentioned in the description and claims can be measured by gel permeation chromatography (GC) (or Size Exclusion Chromatography, or SEC). GC is a liquid chromatography method in which polymers are separated according to their hydrodynamic volume, which is then converted into mass average molecular mass (Mw) and / or number average molecular mass (Mn). GC can be conventional or triple-detection, depending on the conversion method used.

[0137] In conventional gas chromatography (GC), the hydrodynamic volume is converted using an external calibration. The standards used are generally polystyrene or linear polymethyl methacrylate standards. In the case of the block copolymers of the present invention, the molecular masses are measured according to a polystyrene calibration. The molecular mass of the polymers measured by GC is thus expressed in styrene equivalents. The detector used is preferably a combination of a UV (ultraviolet) detector and an IR (refractive index difference) detector.

[0138] In triple-detection GC, the system is equipped with three detectors: an IR detector, a light scattering detector, and a viscosity detector (viscometer). Molecular weight values ​​are obtained directly (without requiring a calibration curve) by processing the results obtained from each detector. The block copolymer with formula SBS used in the present invention has a mass average molecular weight (Mw), measured by gel permeation chromatography with a polystyrene standard, ranging from 40,000 to 500,000 g / mol. -1 .

[0139] Preferably, the block copolymer of formula SBS used in the present invention has a mass average molecular weight Mw, measured by gel permeation chromatography with a polystyrene standard, less than or equal to 400,000 g.mol -1 , more preferably less than or equal to 250,000 g. mol' 1, even more preferably less than or equal to 200,000 g.mol' 1 and advantageously less than or equal to 150,000 g.mol' 1 .

[0140] Preferably, the block copolymer of formula SBS used in the present invention has a mass average molecular weight Mw, measured by gel permeation chromatography with a polystyrene standard, greater than or equal to 50,000 g.mol' 1 , more preferably greater than or equal to 65,000 g. mol' 1 , even more preferably greater than or equal to 75,000 g. mol' 1 , and advantageously greater than or equal to 100,000 g. mol' 1 .

[0141] When 1,3-butadiene is polymerized via a 1,2-addition mechanism, the result is a vinyl group suspended from the polymer backbone. As stated above, the block copolymer of formula SBS used in the present invention has a vinyl group content greater than or equal to 5 mol%, preferably greater than or equal to 10 mol%, and more preferably greater than or equal to 20 mol%, relative to the total number of moles of copolymer. This vinyl content is determined by coupling NMR spectroscopy techniques. 13 C (carbon nuclear magnetic resonance) and NMR 1 H (proton nuclear magnetic resonance), allows the polymer to be characterized.

[0142] The block copolymer of formula SBS used in the present invention preferably has a vinyl group content greater than or equal to 5% by moles, preferably greater than or equal to 10% by moles, more preferably greater than or equal to 20% by moles, relative to the total number of moles of SBS copolymer, more preferably greater than or equal to 25% by moles.

[0143] The block copolymer of formula SBS used in the present invention preferably has a vinyl group content of less than or equal to 50% by moles, relative to the total number of moles of SBS copolymer, more preferably less than or equal to 40% by moles, and even more preferably less than or equal to 35% by moles.

[0144] The SBS block copolymer used in the present invention preferably has a vinyl group content greater than or equal to 5% by mass relative to the total mass of the copolymer, more preferably greater than or equal to 10% by mass, and even more preferably greater than or equal to 20% by mass. The SBS block copolymer used in the present invention preferably has a vinyl group content less than or equal to 50% by mass relative to the total mass of the copolymer, more preferably less than or equal to 40% by mass, and even more preferably less than or equal to 30% by mass.

[0145] The vinyl content in block B is preferably greater than or equal to 5% by mass relative to the total mass of condensed polybutadiene motifs present in block B, more preferably greater than or equal to 10% by mass, and even more preferably greater than or equal to 20% by mass.

[0146] The vinyl content in block B is preferably less than or equal to 50% by mass relative to the total mass of condensed polybutadiene motifs present in block B, more preferably less than or equal to 45% by mass, and even more preferably less than or equal to 40% by mass.

[0147] The motifs obtained by the polymerization of 1,3-butadiene via a 1,2-addition mechanism or via a 1,4-addition mechanism have the same molar mass. Thus, the vinyl group contents present in block B, expressed by mass or by moles, are equivalent.

[0148] Preferably, the vinyl groups are distributed along block B in a statistical manner. This characteristic results directly from the process used for the synthesis of the copolymer.

[0149] The S blocks present in the block copolymer of formula SBS represent, together, at least 15% by moles, relative to the total number of moles of block copolymer of formula SBS, preferably at least 16% by moles.

[0150] Preferably, the S blocks together represent 15% to 50% by moles, relative to the total amount of moles of block copolymer of formula SBS, more preferably 16% to 30% by moles, even more preferably 16% to 25% by moles, and advantageously 16% to 20% by moles.

[0151] Preferably, the content of monovinyl aromatic hydrocarbon (advantageously styrene) of the block copolymer of formula SBS, determined by 13C NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of carbon) spectroscopy, is greater than or equal to 25% by mass, more preferably greater than or equal to 28% by mass, even more preferably greater than or equal to 30% by mass, relative to the total mass of the block copolymer of formula SBS.

[0152] Preferably, the content of monovinyl aromatic hydrocarbon (advantageously styrene) of the block copolymer of formula SBS, determined by 13C NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of carbon) spectroscopy, ranges from 25% to 40% by mass, even more advantageously from 28% to 35% by mass, relative to the total mass of the block copolymer of formula SBS.

[0153] According to a first variant, the elastomer is essentially made up of one or more block copolymer(s) of formula SBS.

[0154] According to a preferred variant, the block copolymer(s) of formula SBS are used in combination with one or more block copolymer(s) of formula SB in which S is a block based on aromatic monovinyl hydrocarbon monomers, preferably based on styrene, and B is a block based on butadiene monomers.

[0155] Preferably, according to this preferred variant, the copolymer mixture consists mainly of the block copolymer(s) of formula SBS.

[0156] Even more preferentially, still according to this preferred variant, the SBS / SB mass ratio goes from 99.5:0.5 to 80:20 by mass, more preferentially from 99.5:0.5 to 90:10 by mass.

[0157] Advantageously, the block copolymers of the invention are in an essentially non-hydrogenated form.

[0158] According to a particular embodiment, the block copolymer of formula SBS is obtained by coupling two block copolymers of formula SB in which the S and B blocks are as described above in the definition of the block copolymer of formula SB-S.

[0159] Preferably, according to this particular embodiment, the efficiency of the coupling of the elastomer, measured by gel permeation chromatography, is greater than or equal to 50%, more preferably greater than or equal to 75%, even more preferably greater than or equal to 90% and advantageously greater than or equal to 95%.

[0160] Examples of block copolymers of formula SBS usable in compositions according to the invention and their preparation processes are described in particular in US 5,798,401.

[0161] The composition may include other elastomers than block terpolymers of formula SBS and block copolymers of formula SB.

[0162] In particular, the composition according to the invention may contain other known bitumen elastomers such as S-B1-B2 copolymers (styrene-butadiene-butadiene block copolymer in which the two butadiene blocks B1 and B2 have a different vinyl content), SIS (styrene-isoprene-styrene), SBS* (styrene-butadiene-styrene star block copolymer), SBR (styrene butadiene rubber), EPDM (modified ethylene propylene diene), polychloroprene, polynorbornene, natural rubber, recycled rubber, polybutene, polyisobutylene, SEBS (styrene, ethylene, butylene and styrene copolymer). We can also mention elastomers made from styrene monomers and butadiene monomers allowing crosslinking without crosslinking agent as described in documents W02007 / 058994 and by the applicant in patent application WO2011 / 013073.

[0163] Advantageously, the block copolymers of formula SBS and the block copolymers of formula SB that have been defined above together represent at least 50% by mass of the elastomers present in the composition, more preferably at least 70% by mass, and even more preferably at least 90% by mass.

[0164] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the elastomer consists essentially of block copolymers of formula SBS and block copolymers of formula SB.

[0165] The composition may also further comprise other plastomers distinct from the olefinic polymer adjuvant functionalized by at least one epoxide group.

[0166] The bitumen / polymer composition (optionally crosslinked) according to the invention, preferably comprises from 0.1% to 20% by mass of elastomer, in particular of a copolymer of aromatic monovinyl hydrocarbon and conjugated diene, in particular of styrene and butadiene copolymer, relative to the mass of the bitumen / polymer composition (crosslinked).

[0167] According to one embodiment, the bitumen / polymer composition (optionally crosslinked) of the invention comprises from 1% to 10% by mass of elastomer, in particular of a copolymer of aromatic monovinyl hydrocarbon and conjugated diene, in particular of styrene and butadiene copolymer, relative to the mass of the crosslinked bitumen / polymer composition, more preferably from 2% to 8% by mass, advantageously from 3% to 5% by mass.

[0168] According to an alternative embodiment, the bitumen / polymer composition (optionally crosslinked) of the invention comprises from 5% to 20% by mass of elastomer, in particular of a copolymer of aromatic monovinyl hydrocarbon and conjugated diene, in particular of styrene and butadiene copolymer, relative to the mass of the crosslinked bitumen / polymer composition, more preferably from 10% to 15% by mass.

[0169] The incorporation of a plastic thermal conversion residue as defined above into a bitumen / polymer composition, with constant polymer content, makes it possible to further improve the mechanical properties of a bitumen / polymer composition by incorporating said residue.

[0170] Alternatively, incorporating a plastic thermal conversion residue, as defined above, into a bitumen / polymer composition allows, with equivalent mechanical properties, a reduction in polymer content. This second option is advantageous because it further reduces the proportion of fossil-based materials in the compositions. In particular, with equivalent mechanical properties, incorporating a plastic thermal conversion residue according to the invention reduces the elastomer content in a bitumen / polymer composition by at least 5%, preferably by 5% to 30%, and even more preferably by 10% to 20%.

[0171] Additives

[0172] According to one embodiment, the bituminous composition according to the invention further comprises one or more additional additive(s). These additional additives are known to those skilled in the art.

[0173] By way of example, the following additives may be cited: a) adhesion promoters and / or surfactants. These are generally chosen from alkylamine derivatives, alkylpolyamine derivatives, alkylamidopolyamine derivatives, and quaternary ammonium salt derivatives, used alone or in mixtures. The quantity of adhesion promoters and / or surfactants present in the bitumen / polymer composition is, for example, between 0.2% and 2% by mass, preferably between 0.5% and 1% by mass, relative to the total mass of the bitumen / polymer composition. b) waxes of animal or vegetable origin or hydrocarbon waxes, in particular long-chain hydrocarbon waxes, for example polyethylene waxes or paraffins, possibly oxidized. Amide waxes, such as ethylene bis(stearamide),The following may also be added: c) Paraffins with chain lengths of 30 to 120 carbon atoms (C30 to C120). The paraffins are selected from polyalkylenes. Preferably, the paraffins are polymethylene paraffins and polyethylene paraffins. These paraffins may be of petroleum origin or may come from the chemical industry. Preferably, the paraffins are synthetic paraffins derived from the conversion of biomass and / or natural gas. d) Flux-reducing agents, such as oils based on animal and / or vegetable fats or hydrocarbon oils of petroleum origin. The oils of animal and / or vegetable origin may be in the form of free fatty acids, triglycerides, diglycerides, monoglycerides, or in esterified form, for example, as methyl ester. e) Resins of vegetable origin, such as rosin. f) Antifoaming additives,including (but not limited to) selected from polysiloxanes, oxyalkylated polysiloxanes, and fatty acid amides derived from vegetable or animal oils. (g) Detergent additives and / or corrosion inhibitors, including (but not limited to) selected from the group consisting of amines, succinimides, alkenylsuccinimides, polyalkylamines, polyalkylpolyamines, polyetheramines, and imidazolines. (h) Sliding or anti-wear agents, including (but not limited to) selected from the group consisting of fatty acids and their ester or amide derivatives, including glyceryl monooleate, and mono- and polycyclic carboxylic acid derivatives. (i) Additives modifying crystallization, additives inhibiting paraffin deposits, and additives for lowering the pour point; Low-temperature rheology modifiers,such as ethylene / vinyl acetate (EVA) and / or ethylene / vinyl propionate (EVP) copolymers, ethylene / vinyl acetate / vinyl versatate (EA / AA / EOVA) terpolymers; ethylene / vinyl acetate / alkyl acrylate terpolymers; graft-modified EVA copolymers; polyacrylates; acrylate / vinyl acetate / maleic anhydride terpolymers; maleic anhydride / alkyl (meth)acrylate amide copolymers obtainable by reaction of a maleic anhydride / alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymer and an alkylamine or polyalkylamine having a hydrocarbon chain of 4 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 24 carbon atoms; α-olefin / maleic anhydride copolymers that can be obtained by reacting an α-olefin / maleic anhydride copolymer with an alkylamine or polyalkylamine, the α-olefin being selectable from C10-C50 α-olefins, preferably C16-C20 α-olefins,and alkylamine or polyalkylamine advantageously having a hydrocarbon chain of 4 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 24 carbon atoms. j) Antioxidants, for example, of the hindered phenolic or amino type, or of the alkylated para-phenylenediamine type. k) Metal passivators. l) Acidity neutralizers. m) Additives for lowering the mixing temperature of asphalts and asphalt mixes, and those for improving the adhesion of bituminous binders to fillers and aggregates, such as, for example, polyisobutylene succinimides. n) Acids, such as polyphosphoric acid, or diacids, particularly fatty diacids.

[0174] Additives are used in quantities well known to those skilled in the art, depending on the nature of the additive, the bituminous base and the expected properties.

[0175] Preferably, when present, the content of additional additives varies from 0.1% to 10% by mass, preferably from 0.5% to 5% by mass, more preferably from 0.5% to 2.5% by mass, relative to the total mass of the bituminous composition of the invention.

[0176] Compositions

[0177] According to one embodiment, the bituminous composition of the invention comprises, preferably is made up essentially, even more preferably is made up of 60% to 99.9% by mass of bitumen, 0.1% to 30% by mass of one or more residue(s) from thermal conversion of plastic, in particular of plastic waste, optionally, 0.1% to 20% by mass of one or more elastomer(s), preferably chosen from copolymers of a monovinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, and optionally, 0.1% to 10% by mass of additional additive(s) as described above, relative to the total mass of the bituminous composition.

[0178] Preferably, the bituminous composition of the invention comprises, preferably consists mainly of, even more preferably consists of: 65% to 99% by mass of bitumen, 0.5% to 25% by mass of one or more residue(s) from thermal conversion of plastic, in particular of plastic waste, optionally, 1% to 10% by mass of one or more elastomer(s), preferably selected from the copolymers of a monovinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, and optionally, 0.1% to 10% by mass of additional additive(s) as described above, relative to the total mass of the bituminous composition.

[0179] More preferably, the bituminous composition of the invention comprises, preferably consists mainly of, even more preferably consists of: 70% to 95% by mass of bitumen, 1% to 20% by mass of one or more residue(s) from thermal conversion of plastic, in particular of plastic waste, optionally, 2% to 8% by mass of one or more elastomer(s), preferably chosen from copolymers of a monovinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, and optionally, 0.5% to 5% by mass of additional additive(s) as described above, relative to the total mass of the bituminous composition.

[0180] Even more preferably, the bituminous composition of the invention comprises, preferably consists essentially of, even more preferably consists of: 80% to 90% by mass of bitumen, 5% to 15% by mass of one or more residue(s) from thermal conversion of plastic, in particular of plastic waste, optionally, 3% to 5% by mass of one or more elastomer(s), preferably chosen from copolymers of a monovinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, and optionally, 0.5% to 2.5% by mass of additional additive(s) as described above, relative to the total mass of the bituminous composition.

[0181] The bituminous composition according to the invention is homogeneous. By "homogeneous", it is understood in the context of the invention that the different components of the composition, namely the thermal conversion residue of plastic, and any elastomers and / or additives, are distributed uniformly in the bituminous matrix.

[0182] According to one embodiment, the composition according to the invention has a penetrability at 25°C, measured according to standard EN 1426, ranging from 20 to 300 1 / 10 mm.

[0183] According to one embodiment, the composition according to the invention has a ball and ring softening temperature, measured according to EN 1427, higher than the ball and ring softening temperature of the same composition free from plastic thermal conversion residue.

[0184] Preferably, the composition according to the invention has a ball and ring softening temperature, measured according to EN 1427, greater than 40°C, more preferably greater than or equal to 45°C, advantageously ranging from 40°C to 90°C, typically ranging from 45°C to 80°C.

[0185] According to one embodiment, the composition according to the invention has an average dynamic viscosity at 100°C, measured according to standard NF EN 13702 with a shear rate equal to 100 s -1 , lower than the average dynamic viscosity at 100°C of the same composition free from plastic thermal conversion residue.

[0186] According to one embodiment, the composition according to the invention has an average dynamic viscosity at 140°C, measured according to standard NF EN 13702 with a shear rate of 100 s -1, lower than the average dynamic viscosity at 140°C of the same composition free from plastic thermal conversion residue.

[0187] According to one embodiment, the composition of the invention comprises a significant proportion of recycled or waste-derived materials. It can therefore exhibit a high eco-material index. The eco-material index is defined by the following equation:

[0188] Eco-material index = 100% - [% of non-bio-based, non-biodegradable, non-recycled or non-waste-derived materials].

[0189] According to one embodiment, the composition has an eco-material content of at least 5% by mass, relative to the total mass of the composition, preferably at least 10%, preferably at least 15%.

[0190] Method for preparing a bituminous composition according to the invention

[0191] The bituminous compositions of the invention can be prepared by any process known to those skilled in the art. Generally, these processes include bringing the different components into contact, followed by mixing them, preferably under heating.

[0192] According to a preferred embodiment, the bitumen and the plastic thermal conversion residue are heated before mixing, preferably separately.

[0193] Preferably, the bitumen and the plastic thermal conversion residue are heated separately and then hot-mixed. Any elastomers and / or additives are then added to the bitumen / plastic thermal conversion residue mixture without having been preheated.

[0194] The invention thus relates to a method for preparing a bituminous composition as defined above, said method comprising:

[0195] 1) the contacting of:

[0196] - at least one bitumen base;

[0197] - at least one plastic thermal conversion residue as defined above,

[0198] - possibly, one or more elastomers, in particular as defined above,

[0199] - possibly one or more other additive(s), including one or more additional additive(s) as described above;

[0200] 2) their mixture under heating.

[0201] According to a preferred embodiment, the bitumen base and the plastic thermal conversion residue are brought into contact under heat, preferably at a temperature ranging from 90°C to 230°C, preferably ranging from 100°C to 200°C, and preferably ranging from 100°C to 180°C.

[0202] Preferably, according to this embodiment, the process includes a preliminary step of heating the bitumen base and the plastic thermal conversion residue separately, before bringing them into contact.

[0203] The heating temperature of the bitumen base depends on its grade. In particular, the bitumen base is heated in accordance with the requirements given in standard NF EN 12594.

[0204] The residue from the thermal conversion of plastic is typically heated to a temperature equal to or greater than its melting point. The heated residue is thus in a fluid form, facilitating its mixing with bitumen.

[0205] Advantageously, the process of the invention comprises the following successive steps: a) heating the bitumen and the plastic thermal conversion residue independently, b) hot mixing of the bitumen and the plastic thermal conversion residue, c) optionally, the introduction into the mixture obtained in b) of one or more elastomers and / or one or more additives, in particular as described above.

[0206] The mixing of bitumen and the plastic thermal conversion residue can be carried out at a temperature ranging from 90 to 230°C, preferably from 100 to 200°C, and preferably from 100 to 180°C. Preferably, during step c), the bitumen / residue mixture obtained at the end of step b) is maintained at a temperature ranging from 90 to 230°C, preferably from 100 to 200°C, and preferably from 100 to 180°C.

[0207] Such a mixture is prepared under agitation to facilitate the dispersion and even distribution of the plastic thermal conversion residue of the invention, and optionally of the elastomer(s) and / or other additive(s), within the bitumen / residue mixture that will form the matrix of the composition. The conditions are adapted to ensure a homogeneous mixture and good distribution of the plastic thermal conversion residue of the invention, and optionally of the elastomer(s) and / or other additive(s). In a conventional manner, a person skilled in the art will adjust the agitation time and power, as well as the mixing temperature, particularly according to the bitumen, the plastic thermal conversion residue of the invention, and optionally of the elastomer(s) and / or additive(s), to obtain a molten mixture.Advantageously, the mixing is carried out in such a way as to promote a good distribution of the thermal conversion residue of the plastic of the invention and of the elastomer in the final bituminous composition obtained.

[0208] Generally, and as is known to those skilled in the art, the bitumen or bitumen mixture used to manufacture the composition is preheated and stirred before the other constituents of the composition are incorporated. The incorporation of the plastic thermal conversion residue of the invention, and possibly the elastomer, is generally carried out while the bitumen is maintained at a temperature in the range of 90°C to 230°C, preferably in the range of 100°C to 200°C, and preferably in the range of 100°C to 180°C.

[0209] The components can be introduced simultaneously or sequentially. Heating is maintained throughout the process, and the heating temperature can be modulated during the process. Agitation can be maintained or interrupted intermittently as needed, or modulated during the process.

[0210] According to particular embodiments, the process according to the invention includes a homogenization step which allows, in particular, the distribution of the elastomer(s) and / or additives in said composition. Such a step is in particular a mixing step of the different constituents, under agitation at a speed of 100 to 600 rpm, preferably 200 to 400 rpm, and for a duration of 15 minutes to 30 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours, while the mixture is heated to a temperature in the range of 90 to 230°C, preferably in the range of 100 to 200°C, and preferably in the range of 100 to 180°C.

[0211] In the process according to the invention, one or more bitumens, one or more plastic thermal conversion residues as defined above, optionally one or more elastomers, and / or one or more additional additives corresponding to the descriptions given previously in the relevant sections are used. The crosslinked elastomers are introduced in a crosslinkable form into the compositions according to the invention and crosslinked in situ.

[0212] Of course, in the process, the quantities used of bitumen, of thermal conversion residue of plastic of the invention, or even of elastomer(s) and / or additional additive(s), will be adjusted by a person skilled in the art to obtain in the end the desired quantities in the final composition, and in particular those mentioned in the previous part relating to the compositions according to the invention.

[0213] The characteristics described in the preceding sections also apply to the preparation processes according to the invention. Thus, the components involved in the preparation process will preferably be chosen from those previously described and introduced in proportions that lead to the quantities given for the description of the bituminous compositions according to the invention.

[0214] The bituminous compositions that can be obtained by such processes are also an integral part of the invention.

[0215] Applications

[0216] Various uses for the bituminous compositions according to the invention are envisaged. In particular, the bituminous compositions according to the invention can be used as a bituminous binder.

[0217] The bituminous binder or bituminous composition according to the invention can be used to prepare a mixture with aggregates, particularly road aggregates. With regard to road applications, the invention relates in particular to bituminous mixes as materials for the construction and maintenance of roadbeds and their surfacing, as well as for carrying out all roadworks.

[0218] Bituminous mix refers to a mixture of a bituminous binder with aggregates and optionally mineral and / or synthetic fillers. Bituminous mix comprises a bituminous binder according to the invention, and optionally mineral and / or synthetic fillers, preferably selected from fines, sand, gravel, and recycled material.

[0219] Aggregates are mineral and / or synthetic aggregates, including recycled millings, with dimensions greater than 2 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 20 mm.

[0220] The invention also relates to a method for preparing a bituminous coating comprising the hot mixing of a bituminous composition according to the invention, with aggregates, and optionally mineral and / or synthetic fillers.

[0221] The bituminous binder according to the invention can advantageously be used to prepare a surface dressing, hot mix asphalt, cold mix asphalt, cold-applied asphalt, or emulsion-treated aggregate. With regard to road applications, the invention also relates to asphalts as materials for manufacturing and surfacing sidewalks.

[0222] Asphalt is defined as a mixture of bituminous binder with mineral and / or synthetic fillers. An asphalt mix comprises a bituminous composition as described in the invention and mineral fillers such as fines, sand, or gravel, and / or synthetic fillers. The mineral fillers consist of fines (particles smaller than 0.063 mm), sand (particles between 0.063 mm and 2 mm), and optionally gravel (particles larger than 2 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 4 mm). Asphalt mixes have 100% compaction and are primarily used for constructing and surfacing sidewalks, whereas asphalt mixes have less than 100% compaction and are used for constructing roads. Unlike asphalt mixes, asphalt mixes are not roller-compacted during placement.

[0223] The invention also relates to a method for preparing asphalt comprising the hot mixing of a bituminous composition according to the invention, with mineral and / or synthetic fillers.

[0224] Another aspect of the invention relates to the use of a bituminous composition in various industrial applications, particularly for preparing an impregnation layer. Examples of industrial applications of bituminous compositions include the manufacture of noise-reducing membranes, insulation membranes, surface coatings, carpet tiles, and impregnation layers.

[0225] The invention relates in particular to the use of a bitumen / polymer composition according to the invention for the preparation of a sealing and / or soundproofing material.

[0226] Preferably, the sealing and / or soundproofing material is chosen from: a sealing membrane, a liquid coating, an adhesive, a primer and a soundproofing membrane.

[0227] In particular, the invention relates to the use of a composition according to the invention for the manufacture of a waterproofing membrane. The invention also relates to a waterproofing membrane prepared from a composition according to the invention.

[0228] More particularly, the invention relates to a prefabricated waterproofing membrane comprising a support (or reinforcement) coated on at least one face with a composition according to the invention.

[0229] According to one embodiment, the support or reinforcement consists of one or more fibrous or non-fibrous reinforcements.

[0230] Preferably, according to this embodiment, the fibrous or non-fibrous reinforcement(s) are impregnated throughout with said composition.

[0231] The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a sealing membrane, said method comprising the following successive steps:

[0232] 1) the preparation of a composition according to the invention, preferably according to the preparation process defined above, ;

[0233] 2) the application of said composition on at least one face of a support or reinforcement, in particular on one or more fibrous reinforcement(s).

[0234] Preferably, step 2) of applying the composition to the support or reinforcement is carried out under heating and agitation, preferably at a temperature ranging from 90 °C to 230 °C, more preferably from 100 °C to 200 °C, even more preferably from 100 °C to 190 °C.

[0235] According to one embodiment, the support or reinforcement consists of fibrous or non-fibrous reinforcement(s).

[0236] Preferably, according to this embodiment, step 2) consists of a step of impregnating said reinforcements throughout with said composition.

[0237] The invention also relates to the use of a composition according to the invention for the manufacture of a liquid coating. The invention also relates to a liquid coating prepared from a composition according to the invention.

[0238] The invention also relates to a method for preparing a liquid coating according to the invention, the method comprising the following successive steps: a) mixing a composition according to the invention with a solvent, so as to obtain a diluted composition; and b) adding to the diluted composition obtained in a), preferably under agitation, a polyurethane precursor.

[0239] Preferably, step b) is carried out in a vacuum disperser.

[0240] The invention also relates to the use of a composition according to the invention for the manufacture of an adhesive. The invention also relates to an adhesive prepared from a composition according to the invention.

[0241] The invention also relates to a method for preparing an adhesive according to the invention, the method comprising the following successive steps:

[0242] 1. the mixing in a vat of at least one elastomer and at least one solvent;

[0243] 2. the addition to the mixture obtained in 1) of a bituminous composition according to the invention; and

[0244] 3. the addition to the mixture obtained in 2) of at least one thixotropic charge.

[0245] Preferably, steps 1) and / or 2) and / or 3), more preferably steps 1), 2) and 3), are carried out in an arm mixer at temperatures between 50 and 110°C.

[0246] The invention also relates to the use of a composition according to the invention for the manufacture of a primer. The invention also relates to a primer prepared from a composition according to the invention.

[0247] The invention also relates to a method for preparing a primer according to the invention, the method comprising the following successive steps:

[0248] 1. the mixing in a vat of at least one elastomer and at least one solvent;

[0249] 2. The addition to the mixture obtained in 1) of a bituminous composition according to the invention.

[0250] Preferably, steps 1) and / or 2, more preferably steps 1) and 2), are carried out in a disperser at temperatures between 50 and 110°C. The invention also relates to the use of a composition according to the invention for the manufacture of a soundproofing membrane. The invention also relates to a soundproofing membrane prepared from a composition according to the invention.

[0251] More particularly, the invention relates to a prefabricated soundproofing membrane comprising a support (or reinforcement) coated on at least one side with a composition according to the invention.

[0252] According to one embodiment, the support or reinforcement consists of one or more fibrous or non-fibrous reinforcements.

[0253] The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a soundproofing membrane, said method comprising the following successive steps:

[0254] 1) the preparation of a composition according to the invention, preferably according to the preparation process defined above,

[0255] 2) the application of said composition on at least one face of a support or reinforcement, in particular on one or more fibrous reinforcement(s).

[0256] Preferably, step 2) of applying the composition to the support or reinforcement is carried out under heating and agitation, preferably at a temperature ranging from 90°C to 230°C, more preferably from 100°C to 200°C, even more preferably from 100°C to 190°C.

[0257] According to one embodiment, the support or reinforcement consists of fibrous or non-fibrous reinforcement(s).

[0258] The invention also relates to the use of a plastic thermal conversion residue, as defined above, in a bituminous composition, preferably in a bitumen / polymer composition, possibly crosslinked, to reduce the content of fossil-based compounds in said bituminous composition. In particular, the invention relates to the use of a plastic thermal conversion residue, as defined above, in a bituminous composition to reduce the bitumen content in said composition. More specifically, the invention relates to the use of a plastic thermal conversion residue, as defined above, in a bituminous composition to reduce the bitumen content in said composition by at least 5%, preferably from 5% to 30%, more preferably from 7.5% to 25%, and even more preferably from 10% to 20%.

[0259] Also, in the case of a bitumen / polymer composition, the invention relates to the use of a plastic thermal conversion residue as defined above, in order to reduce the bitumen content and / or the polymer content in said bitumen / polymer composition. Preferably, the invention relates to the use of a plastic thermal conversion residue as defined above in a bitumen / polymer composition in order to reduce:

[0260] - a bitumen content of at least 5% in said bitumen / polymer composition, preferably from 5% to 30%, more preferably from 7.5% to 25%, even more preferably from 10% to 20%, and / or

[0261] - of at least 5% the elastomer content in said composition, preferably from 5% to 20%, even more preferably from 10% to 15%.

[0262] The invention also relates to the use of a plastic thermal conversion residue as defined above in a bituminous composition, preferably in a bitumen / polymer composition possibly crosslinked, to reduce the hot dynamic viscosity, particularly at a temperature greater than or equal to 100°C, of ​​said composition.

[0263] The hot dynamic viscosity of a bituminous composition is typically measured at a temperature of 100°C or higher, classically at 100°C and / or 140°C and / or 170°C. The hot dynamic viscosity of a bituminous composition can be measured using any method known to those skilled in the art, in particular according to standard NF EN 13702.

[0264] The bituminous composition according to the invention has a reduced hot viscosity; therefore, at constant viscosity, it can be applied at a lower temperature than the same composition free of plastic thermal conversion residue. Thus, the bituminous composition of the invention is advantageous in that it can be applied at a lower temperature compared to the same composition free of plastic thermal conversion residue. This reduction in application temperature therefore translates into a reduction in the energy required for applying the compositions of the invention, particularly for the preparation of bituminous mixes, compared to the same composition free of plastic thermal conversion residue.

[0265] For the purposes of this invention, the "application temperature of a bituminous composition" means the minimum temperature to which a bituminous composition must be heated so that it becomes sufficiently fluid and / or ductile to be transformed into a final product, in particular for mixing with aggregates to form asphalt. Specifically, and to ensure easy pumpability, the composition should typically have a viscosity of approximately 1.5 Pa·s. When preparing asphalt, the composition should typically have a viscosity of approximately 0.2 Pa·s.

[0266] Thus, the invention also relates to the use of a thermal conversion residue of plastic as defined above, in a bituminous composition, preferably in a bitumen / polymer composition possibly crosslinked, to reduce the processing temperature of said bituminous composition.

[0267] The invention thus has as its object, more generally, the use of a thermal conversion residue of plastic as defined above, in a bituminous composition, preferably in a bitumen / polymer composition possibly crosslinked, to reduce the carbon footprint of said composition.

[0268] The "carbon footprint" of a product, as defined in this invention, refers to the amount of carbon (generally expressed in kg of CO2 equivalent per kg of product) required to produce said product. This amount of carbon equivalent takes into account both energy consumption, particularly related to heating, and the consumption of raw materials. A product's carbon footprint is typically determined according to one of the ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 standards.

[0269] The invention is advantageous in that the incorporation of the residue of the invention makes it possible to significantly reduce the content of fossil-based materials in bituminous compositions. It is also advantageous in that the incorporation of the residue results in several surprising technical effects. Furthermore, it is advantageous in that it makes it possible to valorize a product of the thermal conversion of plastic that is considered waste.

[0270] In particular, the incorporation of the residue of the invention has at least one of the following technical effects: i) increasing the softening temperature of the composition, ii) decreasing the hot viscosity of the composition, in particular at 100°C and 170°C, and iii) maintaining the cold properties, in particular an absence of variation of the Fraass temperature as determined by standard EN12593.

[0271] In the context of bitumen / polymer compositions, the incorporation of the residue of the invention further has at least one of the following technical effects: i) improve the compatibility of the elastomer with the other constituents and ii) reduce the elastomer content at constant softening temperature.

[0272] The invention is illustrated by the following examples, which are given by way of non-limiting example.

[0273] EXAMPLES

[0274] 1. Materials and methods

[0275] 1.1. Physical Properties

[0276] The physico-chemical properties of the raw materials and bituminous compositions were evaluated according to the methods detailed in Table 1 below:

[0277] [Table 1]

[0278] 1.2. Raw materials

[0279] The bituminous compositions were prepared from the following raw materials: - Bitumen base B1 exhibiting a penetration at 25°C, measured according to standard NF

[0280] EN 1426, equal to 76 1 / 10 mm, and a ball and ring softening temperature (BRT), measured according to standard NF EN 1427, equal to 46.4°C, commercially available from TotalEnergies under reference AZALT® 70-100;

[0281] - Plastic thermal conversion residue R1, - Plastic thermal conversion residue R2,

[0282] - Plastic thermal conversion residue R3,

[0283] - Residue from pyrolysis oil distillation Rd1,

[0284] - Residue from pyrolysis oil distillation Rd2.

[0285] The residues Rd1 and Rd2 are not residues within the meaning of the invention: they are distillation residues of two different plastic pyrolysis oils.

[0286] The physical characteristics of the different residues R1, R2 and R3 according to the invention, and

[0287] Rd1 and Rd2 are given in the following table 2:

[0288] [Table 2] LQ: limit of quantification

[0289] 1.3. Protocol for preparing compositions

[0290] Bituminous compositions are prepared according to the following protocol:

[0291] The bitumen base is preheated to 130°C for 30 min + / - 15 min. The residue is also preheated, independently, to a temperature above its melting point.

[0292] In a 1 kg reactor, the preheated bitumen base is introduced first, followed by the heated residue. The reactor is then placed in a heating reactor with a mixing temperature of 150°C. The mixture is stirred using a glass paddle and mechanically at a speed of 200 rpm for 30 minutes.

[0293] 2. Preparation of bituminous compositions

[0294] The CO to C9 bituminous compositions were prepared according to the protocols defined above.

[0295] The details of the compositions are given in the following table 3.

[0296] [Table 3]

[0297] Compositions C1 and C6 to C9 are comparative bituminous compositions in that they do not contain any plastic thermal conversion residue according to the invention. Compositions C1 to C5 are according to the invention.

[0298] 3. Evaluation of the properties of bituminous compositions

[0299] The physicochemical properties of the CO to C10 bituminous compositions were evaluated according to the protocols detailed above. The results are reported in Tables 4 and 5 below.

[0300] [Table 4]

[0301] ND: not determined

[0302] [Table 5]

[0303] CO to C5 compositions

[0304] It is observed that compositions C1 to C5 according to the invention exhibit increased or equivalent penetration at 25°C to that of the residue-free composition CO, despite the very low penetration at 25°C of the residue. They exhibit a higher softening temperature compared to the residue-free composition CO. Furthermore, they exhibit significantly lower viscosities at 100°C and 140°C compared to those of composition CO.

[0305] It can thus be seen that the increase in TBA is not accompanied by a hardening of the bitumen base, so the grade of bitumen used is not modified. In other words, the addition of the residue according to the invention does not change the grade of the bitumen to which it is added.

[0306] It is also observed that the cold properties of the compositions are not degraded by the introduction of the residue: the Fraass temperature results are analogous.

[0307] Comparative compositions C6 to C9

[0308] It is observed that compositions C6 and C7 exhibit higher penetration at 25°C compared to composition CO, while compositions C8 and C9 exhibit lower penetration at 25°C compared to composition CO. The effects of distillation residues therefore differ depending on the nature of the residue and, for compositions C6, C7, and C9, lead to a change in the grade of the bitumen base to which they are added.

Claims

DEMANDS 1. Bituminous composition comprising: a) at least one bitumen base, b) at least one plastic thermal conversion residue of which 40% to 70% by mass, preferably 40% to 60% by mass, has a boiling point of 650°C or more, preferably 660°C or more, in particular not more than 760°C, according to ASTM D7169:

20.

2. Bituminous composition according to claim 1, wherein residue b) is a pyrolysis residue of plastic waste.

3. Bituminous composition according to claim 1 or 2, having a residue content b) of 0.1 to 30% by mass relative to the total mass of the composition, preferably 0.5 to 25% by mass, more preferably 1 to 20% by mass, more preferably 5 to 15% by mass.

4. Bituminous composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the residue b) has at least one of the following characteristics: an initial boiling point of at least 250 °C measured according to ASTM D7169:20, a boiling point at 20% by mass, measured according to ASTM D7169:20, of 530 to 580 °C, a final melting temperature measured by thermal analysis, during a second heating ramp between -80 °C and 180 °C at 10 °C / min, ranging from 90 to 180 °C, preferably from 90 to 140 °C.

5. Bituminous composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the residue b) has a penetration at 25 °C, measured according to EN1426, of 10 to 40 10'"' mm, preferably of 15 to 35 10'1 mm.

6. Bituminous composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the residue b) has a ball and ring softening temperature, measured according to EN 1427, of 85 to 120 °C, preferably of 90 °C to 115 °C.

7. Bituminous composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the residue b) has a total metal content, measured according to IP 501, of not more than 7% by mass, preferably not more than 1% by mass, more preferably not more than 8000 ppm by mass, and preferably not more than 5000 ppm by mass.

8. Bituminous composition according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising at least one elastomer, preferably selected from copolymers of an aromatic monovinyl hydrocarbon and a conjugated diene, 9. Crosslinked bitumen / polymer composition, obtained by crosslinking, in particular chemical or thermal, of a bituminous composition according to claim 8.

10. A process for preparing a bituminous composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or a bitumen / polymer composition according to claim 9, said process comprising the following successive steps: 1) the introduction of at least: - a bitumen base, - a thermal conversion residue of plastics of which 40% to 70% by mass, preferably 40% to 60% by mass, has a boiling point of 650°C or more, preferably 660°C or more, in particular not more than 760°C, according to ASTM D7169:20, - optionally, an elastomer, 2) the mixing of components.

11. A process according to claim 10, wherein the bitumen base and the thermal conversion residue are preheated, preferably separately, to a temperature of 90°C to 230°C, preferably from 100°C to 200°C, more preferably from 100°C to 180°C.

12. Use of a bituminous composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or of a bitumen / polymer composition according to claim 9, as a binder for preparing a surface dressing, hot mix asphalt, cold mix asphalt, cold-applied asphalt, emulsion-treated aggregate or wearing course, said binder being associated with recycled aggregates and / or millings; or for the manufacture of a sealing and / or soundproofing material, preferably chosen from: a sealing membrane, a liquid coating, an adhesive, a primer and a soundproofing membrane.

13. Bituminous coating comprising a bituminous composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or a bitumen / polymer composition according to claim 9, mixed with aggregates and / or recycled millings, and optionally mineral and / or synthetic fillers.

14. Prefabricated waterproofing membrane comprising: - a support or reinforcement, in particular one or more fibrous reinforcements, - a bitumen composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or a bitumen / polymer composition according to claim 9, said support or reinforcement being coated on at least one face, preferably impregnated throughout, with said bituminous composition.

15. A method for manufacturing a waterproofing membrane, said method comprising the following successive steps: 1) the supply of a bituminous composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or of a bitumen / polymer composition according to claim 9; 2) the application of the composition obtained in step 1) on at least one face of a support or reinforcement.

16. Use in a bituminous composition, in particular in a bitumen / polymer composition, of a thermal conversion residue of plastics of which 40% to 70% by mass, preferably 40% to 60% by mass, has a boiling point of 650°C or more, preferably 660°C or more, in particular not more than 760°C, according to ASTM D7169:20, (i) to reduce the content of fossil-based compounds, in particular bitumen and / or elastomer, in said composition; and / or (ii) to reduce the hot viscosity of said composition; and / or (iii) to reduce the application temperature of said bituminous composition.

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