Cell activation
The proposed CSSF optimization in communication networks addresses inefficiencies by redefining known/unknown conditions and enabling triggered measurement reporting, reducing SCell activation delays and maintaining system efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/107602
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing communication networks face inefficiencies in cell activation due to carrier specific scaling factor (CSSF) optimization, leading to increased measurement delays and system inefficiencies, particularly in scenarios where UE is configured with multiple measurement objects (MOs) in NR carrier aggregation (CA) or multi-RAT dual connectivity (MR-DC).
A solution is proposed for optimizing CSSF by redefining the known/unknown condition for cell activation, allowing UEs to activate cells based on measurement reporting from associated cells, and enabling triggered measurement reporting to reduce activation delays, applicable to both SCell and PSCell activation.
This approach reduces SCell activation delays and maintains system efficiency by allowing UEs to activate not-measured cells as known, thereby minimizing measurement burdens and optimizing CSSF without increasing activation times.
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Figure CN2024107602_29012026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
CELL ACTIVATIONFIELD
[0001] Various example embodiments relate to the field of communication, and in particular, to devices, methods, apparatuses, and a computer readable medium for activating a cell.BACKGROUND
[0002] A communication network can be seen as a facility that enables communications between two or more communication devices, or provides communication devices access to a data network. A mobile or wireless communication network is one example of a communication network.
[0003] Such communication networks operate in accordance with standards, such as those promulgated by 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project) or ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) . Examples of such standards include the so-called 5G (5th Generation) standard or other standards promulgated by 3GPP.SUMMARY
[0004] In general, example embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for activating a cell, especially for cell activation with carrier specific scaling factor (CSSF) optimization.
[0005] In a first aspect, there is provided a terminal device. The terminal device comprises at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device at least to: determine a set of associated cells; receive an activation signalling for activating a cell among the set of associated cells; and activate the cell based on at least one measurement for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.
[0006] In a second aspect, there is provided a network device. The network device comprises at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the network device at least to: determine, for a terminal device, a set of associated cells; transmit, to the terminal device, an activation signalling for activating a cell among the set of associated cells; and determine, for the terminal device, an activation delay of the cell based on at least one measurement for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.
[0007] In a third aspect, there is provided a method. The method comprises: determining a set of associated cells; receiving an activation signalling for activating a cell among the set of associated cells; and activating the cell based on at least one measurement for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.
[0008] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a method. The method comprises: determining, for a terminal device, a set of associated cells; transmitting, to the terminal device, an activation signalling for activating a cell among the set of associated cells; and determining, for the terminal device, an activation delay of the cell based on at least one measurement for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.
[0009] In a fifth aspect, there is provided an apparatus. The apparatus comprises: means for determining a set of associated cells; means for receiving an activation signalling for activating a cell among the set of associated cells; and means for activating the cell based on at least one measurement for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.
[0010] In a sixth aspect, there is provided an apparatus. The apparatus comprises: means for determining, for a terminal device, a set of associated cells; means for transmitting, to the terminal device, an activation signalling for activating a cell among the set of associated cells; and means for determining, for the terminal device, an activation delay of the cell based on at least one measurement for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.
[0011] In a seventh aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium comprising program instructions for causing an apparatus to perform at least method of the above third aspect or fourth aspect.
[0012] In an eighth aspect, there is provided a computer program comprising instructions, which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least the method of the above third aspect or fourth aspect.
[0013] In a ninth aspect, there is provided a terminal device. The terminal device comprises: determining circuitry configured to determine a set of associated cells; receiving circuitry configured to receive an activation signalling for activating a cell among the set of associated cells; and activating circuitry configured to activate the cell based on at least one measurement for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.
[0014] In a tenth aspect, there is provided a network device. The network device comprises: first determining circuitry configured to determine, for a terminal device, a set of associated cells; transmitting circuitry configured to transmit, to the terminal device, an activation signalling for activating a cell among the set of associated cells; and second determining circuitry configured to determine, for the terminal device, an activation delay of the cell based on at least one measurement for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.
[0015] It is to be understood that the summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Some example embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0017] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication network in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented;
[0018] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a process flow in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0019] FIG. 3 illustrates an example process flow of activating a cell in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0020] FIG. 4 illustrates another example process flow of activating a cell in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0021] FIG. 5 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some other embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0022] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a network device in accordance with some other embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0023] FIG. 7 illustrates a simplified block diagram of a device that is suitable for implementing some example embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0024] FIG. 8 illustrates a block diagram of an example of a computer-readable medium in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0025] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0027] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0028] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0029] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0030] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof. As used herein, “at least one of the following: <a list of two or more elements>” and “at least one of <a list of two or more elements>” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements are joined by “and” or “or” , mean at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all the elements.
[0031] As used in this application, the term “circuitry” may refer to one or more or all of the following:
[0032] (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (such as implementations in only analog and / or digital circuitry) and
[0033] (b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as (as applicable) :
[0034] (i) a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuit (s) with software / firmware and
[0035] (ii) any portions of hardware processor (s) with software (including digital signal processor (s) ) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile phone or server, to perform various functions) and
[0036] (c) hardware circuit (s) and or processor (s) , such as a microprocessor (s) or a portion of a microprocessor (s) , that requires software (for example, firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation.
[0037] This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claims. As a further example, as used in this application, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. The term circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.
[0038] As used herein, the term “network” , “communication network” or “data network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as long term evolution (LTE) , LTE-advanced (LTE-A) , wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) , high-speed packet access (HSPA) , narrow band Internet of things (NB-IoT) , wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) and so on. Furthermore, the communications between a terminal device and a network device / element in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including, but not limited to, the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the future fifth generation (5G) , IEEE 802.11 communication protocols, and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will of course also be future type communication technologies and systems with which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned system.
[0039] As used herein, the term “network device” refers to a node in a communication network via which a terminal device receives services (e.g., positioning services) therefrom. The network device may refer to a core network device or access network device, such as base station (BS) or an access point (AP) or a transmission and reception point (TRP) , for example, a node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a NR NB (also referred to as a gNB) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio header (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a WiFi device, a relay, a low power node such as a femto, a pico, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and technology. In the following description, the terms “network device” , “AP device” , “AP” and “access point” may be used interchangeably.
[0040] The term “terminal device” refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communication. By way of example rather than limitation, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, user equipment (UE) , a Subscriber Station (SS) , a Portable Subscriber Station, a Mobile Station (MS) , a station (STA) or station device, or an Access Terminal (AT) . The terminal device may include, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, a tablet, a wearable terminal device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , portable computers, desktop computer, image capture terminal devices such as digital cameras, gaming terminal devices, music storage and playback appliances, vehicle-mounted wireless terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , USB dongles, smart devices, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE) , an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD) , a vehicle, a drone, a medical device and applications (for example, remote surgery) , an industrial device and applications (for example, a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts) , a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. In the following description, the terms “station” , “station device” , “STA” , “terminal device” , “communication device” , “terminal” , “user equipment” and “UE” may be used interchangeably.
[0041] Principles and embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Communications in the communication system may be implemented according to any proper communication protocol (s) , comprising, but not limited to, cellular communication protocols of the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) and the fifth generation (5G) and on the like, wireless local network communication protocols such as Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 and the like, and / or any other protocols currently known or to be developed in the future. Moreover, the communication may utilize any proper wireless communication technology, comprising but not limited to: Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) , Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) , Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) , Time Division Duplex (TDD) , Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) , Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple (OFDM) , Discrete Fourier Transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) and / or any other technologies currently known or to be developed in the future.
[0042] Generally, carrier specific scaling factor (CSSF) values are derived to scale the measurement delay requirements when UE is configured to monitor multiple measurement objects (MOs) in NR carrier aggregation (CA) or multi-RAT dual connectivity (MR-DC) scenarios. Taking NR CA as example as below, the CSSF values for secondary component carrier (SCC) are determined based on the number of configured SCells with L3 measurements, e.g., NSCC_SSB, NSCC_CSI-RS. That is, the higher number of SCCs are configured with layer 3 (L3) measurements, the more time is needed for the UE to measure the configured SCCs, because a longer measurement delay is expected. The reason behind is that the UE is only required to have a limited searcher capacity, and since the searcher may need to be shared, the UE is assumed to use a single searcher for the measurements on all SCCs.
[0043] In order to reduce the CSSF, it may need to optimize the measurements on SCCs, e.g., to measure only one SCC per band. In any case, the CSSF optimization may imply new UE measurement behavior, and may influence the radio resource management (RRM) requirements related to the UE measurements.
[0044] Moreover, a SCell may be activated or deactivated. The transitions between activated and deactivated status are mainly based on medium access control (MAC) control element commands from the network (e.g., a SCell activation / deactivation command) or an RRC signalling from the network (e.g., an RRC reconfiguration message) . When the UE activates a deactivated SCell, it will take time, i.e., activation delay Tactivation_time to transition from deactivated to activated status.
[0045] In some scenarios, the SCell activation delay is determined based on a known or unknown condition of the to-be-activated SCell. And the known / unknown condition is defined based on whether the UE has sent a valid measurement reporting within a time period before receiving the SCell activation command. The following describes the known / unknown condition for frequency range (FR2) SCell activation as specified. In general, if the SCell is known, the UE is considered as having measured the SCell, and thus it is able to activate the SCell fast, e.g., with only fine time tracking. Otherwise, the UE needs to monitor the SCell for, e.g., automatic gain control (AGC) , time / frequency synchronization, fine time tracking, and beam measurement etc., to activate the SCell, which may lead to a long SCell activation delay. As such, the SCell activation delay is impacted by the measurement reporting for the to-be-activated SCell.
[0046] For CSSF optimization, it introduces new measurement behavior by measuring a smaller number of measurement objects (MOs) including SCCs on one band, e.g., only measuring one CC per FR2 band. Although CSSF optimization is focused on FR2, it may also be applied to frequency range 1 (FR1) (if feasible) , and FR1 assumptions are slightly different from FR2 assumptions regarding CA.
[0047] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication network in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. In particular, an example of the measurements for optimized CSSF is shown for discussions of some embodiments of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the terminal device 120, which is served by the network device 110, may be configured with FR1 intra-band CA, and the terminal device 120 is connected with the PCell 170 on CC0 and the SCells on other CCs (e.g., Cell1 171-1 and Cell2 171-2 on CC1 and CC2 respectively) , where the SCells are in deactivated state and CC1 / CC2 are on the same band. Another neighbor cell (e.g., Cell3 171-3) is operating on CC3 on the same band with CC1 / CC2. In order to enable optimized CSSF, the terminal device 120 may be configured with one MO per band (e.g., on CC1) so that the terminal device 120 may skip the measurements on other CCs in the same band (e.g., on CC2 and CC3) .
[0048] It is to be noted that as illustrated in FIG. 1, although the terminal device 120 is configured with FR1 intra-band CA (e.g., intra-band contiguous CA) , the terminal device 120 may also be configured with other scenarios (e.g., FR1 intra-band non-contiguous CA, FR1 inter-band CA, FR2 intra-band CA, FR2 inter-band CA, etc. ) , and the PCell and SCells may be provided by different base stations. Moreover, it is to be understood that embodiments of the present disclosure are not necessarily limited to the specific number of cells described above.
[0049] While not requiring the terminal device to measure all objects may enable reduced UE measurement burden and possibly measurement delay reduction, it is at the risk that the CCs not measured are considered as unknown or similar once activated.
[0050] As illustrated in FIG. 1, if the terminal device 120 receives a SCell activation command to activate the SCell (e.g., Cell2 171-2) , the SCell may be considered as unknown because the terminal device 120 has not measured it before. If the SCell (e.g., Cell2 171-2) is non-contiguous to the PCell 170, the SCell may be activated with a longer activation delay, which could have been avoided if the terminal device 120 keeps measurements on all SCCs. As such, a longer SCell activation delay may be needed when activating the not measured SCell as compared with a known SCell. In other words, the more objects or CCs that are skipped for the measurements, the more the value of CSSF is reduced, but there will be more SCells to be activated as an unknown SCell.
[0051] In some scenarios, if the UE has valid measurement results upon reception of the SCell activation command, the UE is allowed to send the measurement reporting after the SCell activation command. This also allows turning the SCell from unknown to known so as to reduce the SCell activation delay.
[0052] However, the reasoning of measuring single CC per band is that the measurements on multiple CCs in one band would make no difference. As such, the UE may skip the measurements on some CCs. In other words, the optimized CSSF, i.e., measurement on a smaller number of CCs, shall not increase the SCell activation delay for the SCells not measured. Otherwise, if the SCell activation delay for the SCells not measured is increased, it may lead to increased system inefficiency caused by reduced throughput.
[0053] Therefore, some embodiments of the present disclosure propose a solution for activating a cell, especially for cell activation with carrier specific scaling factor (CSSF) optimization. In this solution, a terminal device determines a set of associated cells. Then, the terminal device receives an activation signalling for activating a cell among the set of associated cells. In addition, the terminal device activates the cell based on at least one measurement for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells. It is to be understood that the solution is not only proposed for SCell activation, it may also be applicable to primary secondary cell (PSCell) activation.
[0054] For example, if a SCell is configured or otherwise indicated as not to be measured (for example, if no MO or servingCellMO is configured for the SCell carrier) , the UE may be proposed to activate the SCell considering the measurements and / or the measurement reporting for one or more other carriers (configured with MOs) .
[0055] In a first solution, the known / unknown condition is redefined, considering the measurement reporting not only for the to-be-activated SCell but also for the associated CCs. This applies to the UE capable of optimized CSSF. Alternatively, the known / unknown condition may not be redefined, i.e., keeping the legacy definition. But the UE will activate the SCell considering the measurement reporting not only for the to-be-activated SCell but also for the associated CCs. If the UE has not transmitted a measurement reporting for the to-be-activated SCell (i.e., an unknown SCell) but has transmitted a measurement reporting for any of the associated CCs, the SCell will be activated as if it is known.
[0056] Alternatively or additionally, in a second solution, for the UE supporting SCell activation triggered measurement reporting (i.e., l3-MeasUnknownSCellActivation-r18) , the UE is able to send the measurement reporting if it has valid measurement result (s) for any of the associated CCs. And the measurement reporting includes the measurement result (s) on any of the associated CCs.
[0057] In one option, the associated CCs may be configured by the network. The network may indicate the associated CCs for the SCell, and the SCell may be considered as known based on the measurement reporting for any of these CCs. Typically, the associated CCs need to be carriers configured with MOs (i.e., the measured cells) and / or measurement reporting. This may extend the applicability of optimized CSSF to intra-band non-contiguous and inter-band scenarios. This may also allow the UE to refer to the measurement reporting from deactivated or neighbor cells up to network configuration. The network indication on the associated CC may be applied only for determining the known condition for SCell activation, or may be a common configuration used for other measurement relevant purposes, e.g., event evaluation of measurement reporting etc.
[0058] In another option, the associated CC may be predefined based on the measurement behavior implied by the optimized CSSF. For example, if a CC is on the same FR2 band with the to-be-activated SCell or is contiguous to the to-be-activated SCell on the same FR1 band, this CC is counted as one of the associated CCs. As a result, if the UE has sent measurement reporting for any of the CCs on the same FR2 band or for any of the contiguous CCs on the same FR1 band, the SCell is considered as known.
[0059] For the first solution, with the proposed known / unknown condition, it enables the UE to determine the not-measured SCell as known or activate the not-measured SCell as if it is known based on the associated measured CCs. Moreover, for the second solution, with the SCell activation triggered measurement reporting, it enables the UE to turn the unknown to known status after SCell activation command. Since the SCell activation delay is not degraded due to optimized CSSF, both solutions may increase the opportunity of turning the SCell to known. In this way, the UE is allowed to activate the not-measured SCell based on the measurements or measurement reporting for the other measured cells. With the proposed solution, the SCell activation delay can be reduced while achieving measurement delay reduction with optimized CSSF.
[0060] For illustrative purposes, principles and example embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 8. However, it is to be noted that these embodiments are given to enable the skilled in the art to understand inventive concepts of the present disclosure and implement the solution as proposed herein, and not intended to limit scope of the present application in any way.
[0061] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a process flow 200 in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For ease of understanding, the process flow 200 will be described with reference to FIG. 1. It would be appreciated that although the process flow 200 has been described referring to the communication network 100 of FIG. 1, this process flow 200 may be likewise applied to other similar communication scenarios.
[0062] As shown in FIG. 2, at 210, a network device 110 may determine, for a terminal device 120, a set of associated cells. Thereafter, at 212, the terminal device 120 may determine the set of associated cells.
[0063] Additionally, in some embodiments, the terminal device may transmit capability information indicating that the terminal device is capable of an optimized carrier specific scaling factor (CSSF) or capable of optimized cell activation with the optimized carrier specific scaling factor (CSSF) .
[0064] In some embodiments, the set of associated cells is determined based on an indication of the set of associated cells if provided by the network device. In some embodiments, the indication is applied for determining a known or unknown condition for cell activation, or the indication is a common configuration used for all measurement relevant behaviors of the terminal device.
[0065] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the set of associated cells is predefined based on a measurement behavior determined by an optimized carrier specific scaling factor (CSSF) associated with the terminal device. In some embodiments, the at least one other cell is on a same frequency range 2 (FR2) band with the cell, or the at least one other cell is contiguous to the cell on a same frequency range 1 (FR1) band.
[0066] At 214, the network device 110 may transmit, to the terminal device 120, an activation signalling 216 for activating a cell among the set of associated cells. Accordingly, at 218, the terminal device 120 may receive the activation signalling 216 for activating a cell among the set of associated cells. The activation signalling 216 may be a MAC signalling (e.g., a SCell activation command) or an RRC signalling (e.g., an RRC Reconfiguration message) to activate the SCell.
[0067] At 230, the network device 110 may determine, for the terminal device 120, an activation delay of the cell based on at least one measurement for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells. Thereafter, at 232, the terminal device 120 may activate the cell based on at least one measurement for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.
[0068] In some embodiments, the terminal device may activate the cell by: based on determining that the at least one measurement has been reported for the at least one other cell before receiving the activation signalling, determining the cell as known; or based on determining that no measurement has been reported for the set of associated cells before receiving the activation signalling, determining the cell as unknown. Optionally, a first time period may be considered to further reflect the validity of the measurement reporting. For example, the terminal device may activate the cell by: based on determining that the at least one measurement has been reported for the at least one other cell within a certain first time period before receiving the activation signalling, determining the cell as known; or based on determining that no measurement has been reported for the set of associated cells within a certain first time period before receiving the activation signalling, determining the cell as unknown.
[0069] Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the terminal device may activate the cell by: based on determining that no measurement has been reported for the cell before receiving the activation signalling, determining the cell as unknown; and determining the cell as having been reported based on determining that the at least one measurement has been reported for the at least one other cell. The terminal device may activate the cell as if the cell is determined as known. Similarly, a first time period may be considered to further reflect the validity of the measurement reporting. For example, the terminal device may activate the cell by: based on determining that no measurement has been reported for the cell within a certain first time period before receiving the activation signalling, determining the cell as unknown; and determining the cell as having been reported based on determining that the at least one measurement has been reported for the at least one other cell within a certain first time period before receiving the activation signalling. The terminal device may activate the cell as if the cell is determined as known.
[0070] Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the terminal device may activate the cell by: based on receiving the activation signalling, performing measurement reporting for the cell based on determining that the terminal device has at least one valid measurement result for the at least one other cell. In some embodiments, a measurement report associated with the measurement reporting includes the at least one valid measurement result for the at least one other cell. In some embodiments, the terminal device may support a capability of performing measurement reporting triggered by the activation signalling, and the activation signalling comprises a secondary cell (SCell) activation command.
[0071] In some embodiments, at least one of the following: the cell comprises a secondary cell (SCell) or a primary secondary cell (PSCell) of the terminal device; the cell is configured or indicated as not to be measured; the at least one other cell is configured or indicated as to be measured; the set of associated cells are on a same band; or the terminal device is capable of an optimized CSSF.
[0072] In some embodiments, the terminal device may be required to activate the cell within a second time period, and the second time period is determined based on at least one measurement and / or measurement reporting for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.
[0073] FIG. 3 illustrates an example process flow 300 of activating a cell in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0074] In this example, at 310, the UE 120 may be in connected mode with PCell 170, Cell1 171-1, and Cell2 171-2 in CA operation, and Cell3 171-3 may be a neighbor cell. In particular, PCell 170 may be operating on CC0, and Cell1 171-1, Cell2 171-2, and Cell3 171-3 may be operating on CC1, CC2, and CC3 respectively on the same band.
[0075] At 314, the UE 120 may indicate the UE capability. In particular, the UE 120 may indicate that it is capable of optimized CSSF, or it is capable of optimized SCell activation with optimized CSSF. For example, the optimized CSSF may include applying a new known / unknown condition and / or sending measurement reporting based on the measurements on associated CCs.
[0076] At 318, the network may configure associated CCs for CC1 which is configured with measurement object (MO) . In particular, the network may configure MO on CC1 of Cell1 171-1, but not configure MO on CC2 / CC3 of Cell2 171-2 / Cell3 171-3. For example, the PCell 170 may configure measurements on CC1 (e.g., via MO1) and additionally configure the associated CCs not to be measured. The UE 120 understood that the measurement and / or measurement reporting for CC1 may be used for SCell activation on the associated CCs.
[0077] In this example (i.e., the first solution) , the measurement reporting for the measured CC may be used to determine the known / unknown condition when activating a not-measured SCell. For the first solution, at 320, the UE 120 may measure CC1 of Cell1 171-1, and at 322, the UE 120 may trigger measurement reporting for Cell1 171-1. Then at 324, the UE 120 may receive a SCell activation command to activate Cell2 171-2.
[0078] At 330, the UE 120 may determine whether the SCell2 (e.g., Cell2 171-2) is known or unknown based on determining whether the UE 120 has sent measurement reporting for any of the associated CCs as configured at 318. As the CC1 of Cell1 171-1 has been reported at 322, the UE 120 may determine the SCell2 (e.g., Cell2 171-2) as known and activate the SCell2 fast.
[0079] Alternatively, at 330, the UE 120 may determine that the SCell2 (e.g., Cell2 171-2) is unknown based on determining that no measurement reporting has been sent for the SCell2 (e.g., Cell2 171-2) . As such, the UE 120 may determine the SCell2 (e.g., Cell2 171-2) as having sent measurement reporting based on determining that the UE 120 has sent measurement reporting for any of the associated CCs as configured at 318. As the CC1 of Cell1 171-1 has been reported at 322, the UE 120 may activate the SCell2 (e.g., Cell2 171-2) fast as if it is known.
[0080] For example, the UE 120 may activate the SCell2 with only fine time tracking at 340 and 342. The UE 120 may send CSI reporting 344 indicating the completion of SCell2 activation within a certain time period.
[0081] FIG. 4 illustrates another example process flow 400 of activating a cell in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0082] In this example, at 410, the UE 120 may be in connected mode with PCell 170, Cell1 171-1, and Cell2 171-2 in CA operation, and Cell3 171-3 may be a neighbor cell. In particular, PCell 170 may be operating on CC0, and Cell1 171-1, Cell2 171-2, and Cell3 171-3 may be operating on CC1, CC2, and CC3 respectively on the same band.
[0083] At 414, the UE 120 may indicate the UE capability. In particular, the UE 120 may indicate that it is capable of optimized CSSF, or it is capable of optimized SCell activation with optimized CSSF. For example, the optimized CSSF may include sending measurement reporting based on the measurements on associated CCs.
[0084] At 418, the network may configure associated CCs for CC1 which is configured with measurement object (MO) . In particular, the network may configure MO on CC1 of Cell1 171-1, but not configure MO on CC2 / CC3 of Cell2 171-2 / Cell3 171-3. For example, the PCell 170 may configure measurements on CC1 (e.g., via MO1) and additionally configure the associated CCs not to be measured. The UE 120 understood that the measurement and / or measurement reporting for CC1 may be used for SCell activation on the associated CCs.
[0085] In this example (i.e., the second solution) , the known / unknown condition may not be changed. That is, the definition of known / unknown condition may be kept as in normal situations, for example, as in legacy solutions. For the second solution, as configured by the network at 418, the UE 120 may measure SCell1 (e.g., Cell1 171-1) based on SSB 420, but the UE 120 may not be able to send measurement reporting before receiving a SCell activation command. Then the UE 120 may receive a SCell activation command 424 to activate Cell2 171-2. As the Cell2 171-2 has not been measured, the Cell2 171-2 may be determined as unknown at 430.
[0086] Based on SCell activation triggered measurement reporting, at 432, the UE 120 may trigger the measurement reporting after the SCell activation command 424 based on determining whether the UE 120 has valid measurement result (s) for any of the associated CCs. Since the UE 120 may not have measurement result (s) for CC2 of Cell2 171-2, the UE 120 may include the measurement result (s) for CC1 of Cell1 171-1 in the measurement reporting 432, and the measurement result (s) for CC1 of Cell1 171-1 may be used for determining, e.g., transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state. The TCI activation command 434 for Cell2 171-2 may be based on the determined TCI state.
[0087] Then, the UE 120 may activate the SCell2 (e.g., Cell2 171-2) with only fine time tracking at 440 and 442 as if it is known. The UE 120 may send CSI reporting 444 indicating the completion of SCell2 activation within a certain time period.
[0088] FIG. 5 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 500 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some other embodiments of the present disclosure. For ease of understanding, the method 500 will be described from the perspective of the terminal device 120 with reference to FIG. 2.
[0089] At block 510, the terminal device may determine a set of associated cells. At block 520, the terminal device may receive an activation signalling for activating a cell among the set of associated cells. At block 530, the terminal device may activate the cell based on at least one measurement for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.
[0090] In some embodiments, the terminal device may activate the cell by: based on determining that the at least one measurement has been reported for the at least one other cell before receiving the activation signalling, determining the cell as known; or based on determining that no measurement has been reported for the set of associated cells before receiving the activation signalling, determining the cell as unknown.
[0091] In some embodiments, the terminal device may activate the cell by: based on determining that no measurement has been reported for the cell before receiving the activation signalling, determining the cell as unknown; and determining the cell as having been reported based on determining that the at least one measurement has been reported for the at least one other cell, and wherein the terminal device is caused to activate the cell as if the cell is determined as known.
[0092] In some embodiments, the determination related to measurement reporting is determined as valid within a first time period before receiving the activation signaling.
[0093] In some embodiments, the terminal device may activate the cell by: based on receiving the activation signalling, performing measurement reporting for the cell based on determining that the terminal device has at least one valid measurement result for the at least one other cell. In some embodiments, a measurement report associated with the measurement reporting includes the at least one valid measurement result for the at least one other cell. In some embodiments, the terminal device supports a capability of performing measurement reporting triggered by the activation signalling, and the activation signalling comprises a secondary cell (SCell) activation command.
[0094] In some embodiments, the set of associated cells is determined based on an indication of the set of associated cells provided by a network device. In some embodiments, the indication is applied for determining a known or unknown condition for cell activation, or the indication is a common configuration used for all measurement relevant behaviors of the terminal device.
[0095] In some embodiments, the set of associated cells is predefined based on a measurement behavior determined by an optimized carrier specific scaling factor (CSSF) associated with the terminal device. In some embodiments, the at least one other cell is on a same frequency range 2 (FR2) band with the cell; or the at least one other cell is contiguous to the cell on a same frequency range 1 (FR1) band.
[0096] In some embodiments, the terminal device may further transmit capability information indicating that the terminal device is capable of an optimized CSSF or capable of optimized cell activation with the optimized CSSF.
[0097] In some embodiments, the cell comprises a secondary cell (SCell) or a primary secondary cell (PSCell) of the terminal device; or the cell is configured or indicated as not to be measured; or the at least one other cell is configured or indicated as to be measured; or the set of associated cells are on a same band; or the terminal device is capable of an optimized CSSF; or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the terminal device is required to activate the cell within a second time period, and the second time period is determined based on at least one measurement and / or measurement reporting for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.
[0098] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 600 implemented at a network device in accordance with some other embodiments of the present disclosure. For ease of understanding, the method 600 will be described from the perspective of the network device 110 with reference to FIG. 2.
[0099] At block 610, the network device 110 may determine, for a terminal device, a set of associated cells. At block 620, the network device 110 may transmit, to the terminal device, an activation signalling for activating a cell among the set of associated cells. At block 630, the network device 110 may determine, for the terminal device, an activation delay of the cell based on at least one measurement for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.
[0100] In some embodiments, the network device may determine the activation delay by: based on determining that the at least one measurement has been reported for the at least one other cell before transmitting the activation signalling, determining the cell as known to the terminal device; or based on determining that no measurement has been reported for the set of associated cells before transmitting the activation signalling, determining the cell as unknown to the terminal device.
[0101] In some embodiments, the network device may determine the activation delay by: based on determining that no measurement has been reported for the cell before transmitting the activation signalling, determining the cell as unknown to the terminal device; and determining the cell as having been reported based on determining that the at least one measurement has been reported for the at least one other cell. The network device may determine the activation delay as if the cell is determined as known to the terminal device.
[0102] In some embodiments, the determination related to measurement reporting is determined as valid within a first time period before receiving the activation signaling.
[0103] In some embodiments, the network device may further receive, from the terminal device, a measurement report for the cell which is in response to the activation signalling, wherein the measurement report includes at least one valid measurement result for the at least one other cell.
[0104] In some embodiments, the network device may transmit, to the terminal device, an indication of the set of associated cells. In some embodiments, the indication is applied for determining a known or unknown condition for cell activation, or the indication is a common configuration used for all measurement relevant behaviors of the terminal device.
[0105] In some embodiments, the set of associated cells is predefined based on a measurement behavior determined by an optimized carrier specific scaling factor (CSSF) associated with the terminal device. In some embodiments, the at least one other cell is on a same frequency range 2 (FR2) band with the cell; or the at least one other cell is contiguous to the cell on a same frequency range 1 (FR1) band.
[0106] In some embodiments, the network device may further receive, from the terminal device, capability information indicating that the terminal device is capable of an optimized CSSF or capable of optimized cell activation with the optimized CSSF.
[0107] In some embodiments, the cell comprises a secondary cell (SCell) or a primary secondary cell (PSCell) of the terminal device; or the cell is configured or indicated as not to be measured; or the at least one other cell is configured or indicated as to be measured; or the set of associated cells are on a same band; or the terminal device is capable of an optimized CSSF; or any combination thereof.
[0108] In some embodiments, an apparatus capable of performing any of the method 500 (for example, the terminal device 120) may comprise means for performing the respective steps of the method 500. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0109] In some embodiments, the apparatus comprises means for determining a set of associated cells; means for receiving an activation signalling for activating a cell among the set of associated cells; and means for activating the cell based on at least one measurement for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.
[0110] In some embodiments, the means for activating the cell comprises means for: based on determining that the at least one measurement has been reported for the at least one other cell before receiving the activation signalling, determining the cell as known; or based on determining that no measurement has been reported for the set of associated cells before receiving the activation signalling, determining the cell as unknown.
[0111] In some embodiments, the means for activating the cell comprises means for: based on determining that no measurement has been reported for the cell before receiving the activation signalling, determining the cell as unknown; and determining the cell as having been reported based on determining that the at least one measurement has been reported for the at least one other cell. The terminal device is caused to activate the cell as if the cell is determined as known.
[0112] In some embodiments, the determination related to measurement reporting is determined as valid within a first time period before receiving the activation signaling.
[0113] In some embodiments, the means for activating the cell comprises means for: based on receiving the activation signalling, performing measurement reporting for the cell based on determining that the terminal device has at least one valid measurement result for the at least one other cell. In some embodiments, a measurement report associated with the measurement reporting includes the at least one valid measurement result for the at least one other cell. In some embodiments, the terminal device supports a capability of performing measurement reporting triggered by the activation signalling, and the activation signalling comprises a secondary cell (SCell) activation command.
[0114] In some embodiments, the set of associated cells is determined based on an indication of the set of associated cells provided by a network device. In some embodiments, the indication is applied for determining a known or unknown condition for cell activation, or the indication is a common configuration used for all measurement relevant behaviors of the terminal device.
[0115] In some embodiments, the set of associated cells is predefined based on a measurement behavior determined by an optimized carrier specific scaling factor (CSSF) associated with the terminal device. In some embodiments, the at least one other cell is on a same frequency range 2 (FR2) band with the cell; or the at least one other cell is contiguous to the cell on a same frequency range 1 (FR1) band.
[0116] In some embodiments, the apparatus may further comprise means for transmitting capability information indicating that the terminal device is capable of an optimized CSSF or capable of optimized cell activation with the optimized CSSF.
[0117] In some embodiments, the cell comprises a secondary cell (SCell) or a primary secondary cell (PSCell) of the terminal device; or the cell is configured or indicated as not to be measured; or the at least one other cell is configured or indicated as to be measured; or the set of associated cells are on a same band; or the terminal device is capable of an optimized CSSF; or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the terminal device is required to activate the cell within a second time period, and the second time period is determined based on at least one measurement and / or measurement reporting for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.
[0118] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises means for performing other steps in some embodiments of the method 500. In some embodiments, the means comprises at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the performance of the apparatus.
[0119] In some embodiments, an apparatus capable of performing any of the method 600 (for example, the network device 110) may comprise means for performing the respective steps of the method 600. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0120] In some embodiments, the apparatus comprises means for determining, for a terminal device, a set of associated cells; means for transmitting, to the terminal device, an activation signalling for activating a cell among the set of associated cells; and means for determining, for the terminal device, an activation delay of the cell based on at least one measurement for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.
[0121] In some embodiments, the means for determining the activation delay comprises means for: based on determining that the at least one measurement has been reported for the at least one other cell before transmitting the activation signalling, determining the cell as known to the terminal device; or based on determining that no measurement has been reported for the set of associated cells before transmitting the activation signalling, determining the cell as unknown to the terminal device.
[0122] In some embodiments, the means for determining the activation delay comprises means for: based on determining that no measurement has been reported for the cell before transmitting the activation signalling, determining the cell as unknown to the terminal device; and determining the cell as having been reported based on determining that the at least one measurement has been reported for the at least one other cell. The network device may determine the activation delay as if the cell is determined as known to the terminal device.
[0123] In some embodiments, the determination related to measurement reporting is determined as valid within a first time period before receiving the activation signaling.
[0124] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises means for receiving, from the terminal device, a measurement report for the cell which is in response to the activation signalling, wherein the measurement report includes at least one valid measurement result for the at least one other cell.
[0125] In some embodiments, the apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to the terminal device, an indication of the set of associated cells. In some embodiments, the indication is applied for determining a known or unknown condition for cell activation, or the indication is a common configuration used for all measurement relevant behaviors of the terminal device.
[0126] In some embodiments, the set of associated cells is predefined based on a measurement behavior determined by an optimized carrier specific scaling factor (CSSF) associated with the terminal device. In some embodiments, the at least one other cell is on a same frequency range 2 (FR2) band with the cell; or the at least one other cell is contiguous to the cell on a same frequency range 1 (FR1) band.
[0127] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises means for receiving, from the terminal device, capability information indicating that the terminal device is capable of an optimized CSSF or capable of optimized cell activation with the optimized CSSF.
[0128] In some embodiments, the cell comprises a secondary cell (SCell) or a primary secondary cell (PSCell) of the terminal device; or the cell is configured or indicated as not to be measured; or the at least one other cell is configured or indicated as to be measured; or the set of associated cells are on a same band; or the terminal device is capable of an optimized CSSF; or any combination thereof.
[0129] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises means for performing other steps in some embodiments of the method 600. In some embodiments, the means comprises at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the performance of the apparatus.
[0130] FIG. 7 illustrates a simplified block diagram of a device 700 that is suitable for implementing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 700 may be provided to implement a communication device, for example, the terminal device 120 or the network device 110 as shown in FIG. 2. As shown, the device 700 includes one or more processors 710, one or more memories 720 coupled to the processor 710, and one or more communication modules 740 coupled to the processor 710.
[0131] The communication module 740 is for bidirectional communications. The communication module 740 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication. The communication interface may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements.
[0132] The processor 710 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may include one or more of the following: general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 700 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
[0133] The memory 720 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories. Examples of the non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a Read Only Memory (ROM) 724, an electrically programmable read only memory (EPROM) , a flash memory, a hard disk, a compact disc (CD) , a digital video disk (DVD) , and other magnetic storage and / or optical storage. Examples of the volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a random access memory (RAM) 722 and other volatile memories that will not last in the power-down duration.
[0134] A computer program 730 includes computer executable instructions that are executed by the associated processor 710. The program 730 may be stored in the ROM 724. The processor 710 may perform any suitable actions and processing by loading the program 730 into the RAM 722.
[0135] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by means of the program 730 so that the device 700 may perform any process of the disclosure as discussed with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. The embodiments of the present disclosure may also be implemented by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware.
[0136] In some example embodiments, the program 730 may be tangibly contained in a computer-readable medium which may be included in the device 700 (such as in the memory 720) or other storage devices that are accessible by the device 700. The device 700 may load the program 730 from the computer-readable medium to the RAM 722 for execution. The computer-readable medium may include any types of tangible non-volatile storage, such as ROM, EPROM, a flash memory, a hard disk, CD, DVD, and the like.
[0137] FIG. 8 illustrates a block diagram of an example of a computer-readable medium 1000 in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The computer-readable medium 800 has the program 730 stored thereon. It is noted that although the computer-readable medium 800 is depicted in form of CD or DVD in FIG. 8, the computer-readable medium 800 may be in any other form suitable for carry or hold the program 730.
[0138] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. While various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representations, it is to be understood that the block, apparatus, system, technique or method described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0139] The present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target real or virtual processor, to carry out the method 500 or 600 as described above with reference to FIG. 5 or 6. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
[0140] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
[0141] In the context of the present disclosure, the computer program codes or related data may be carried by any suitable carrier to enable the device, apparatus or processor to perform various processes and operations as described above. Examples of the carrier include a signal, computer-readable medium, and the like.
[0142] The computer-readable medium may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. A computer-readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. The term “non-transitory, ” as used herein, is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistency (e.g., RAM vs. ROM) .
[0143] Further, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0144] Although the present disclosure has been described in languages specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims
1.A terminal device comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device at least to:determine a set of associated cells;receive an activation signalling for activating a cell among the set of associated cells; andactivate the cell based on at least one measurement for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.2.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is caused to activate the cell by:based on determining that the at least one measurement has been reported for the at least one other cell before receiving the activation signalling, determining the cell as known; orbased on determining that no measurement has been reported for the set of associated cells before receiving the activation signalling, determining the cell as unknown.3.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is caused to activate the cell by:based on determining that no measurement has been reported for the cell before receiving the activation signalling, determining the cell as unknown; anddetermining the cell as having been reported based on determining that the at least one measurement has been reported for the at least one other cell, andwherein the terminal device is caused to activate the cell as if the cell is determined as known.4.The terminal device of claim 2 or 3, wherein the determination related to measurement reporting is determined as valid within a first time period before receiving the activation signaling.5.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is caused to activate the cell by:based on receiving the activation signalling, performing measurement reporting for the cell based on determining that the terminal device has at least one valid measurement result for the at least one other cell.6.The terminal device of claim 5, wherein a measurement report associated with the measurement reporting includes the at least one valid measurement result for the at least one other cell.7.The terminal device of claim 5 or 6, wherein the terminal device supports a capability of performing measurement reporting triggered by the activation signalling, and the activation signalling comprises a secondary cell (SCell) activation command.8.The terminal device of any of claims 1-7, wherein the set of associated cells is determined based on an indication of the set of associated cells provided by a network device.9.The terminal device of claim 8, wherein:the indication is applied for determining a known or unknown condition for cell activation, orthe indication is a common configuration used for all measurement relevant behaviors of the terminal device.10.The terminal device of any of claims 1-7, wherein the set of associated cells is predefined based on a measurement behavior determined by an optimized carrier specific scaling factor (CSSF) associated with the terminal device.11.The terminal device of claim 10, wherein:the at least one other cell is on a same frequency range 2 (FR2) band with the cell; or the at least one other cell is contiguous to the cell on a same frequency range 1 (FR1) band.12.The terminal device of any of claims 1-11, wherein the terminal device is further caused to:transmit capability information indicating that the terminal device is capable of an optimized CSSF or capable of optimized cell activation with the optimized CSSF.13.The terminal device of any of claims 1-12, wherein at least one of the following:the cell comprises a secondary cell (SCell) or a primary secondary cell (PSCell) of the terminal device;the cell is configured or indicated as not to be measured;the at least one other cell is configured or indicated as to be measured;the set of associated cells are on a same band; orthe terminal device is capable of an optimized CSSF.14.The terminal device of any of claims 1-13, wherein the terminal device is required to activate the cell within a second time period, and the second time period is determined based on at least one measurement and / or measurement reporting for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.15.A network device comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the network device at least to:determine, for a terminal device, a set of associated cells;transmit, to the terminal device, an activation signalling for activating a cell among the set of associated cells; anddetermine, for the terminal device, an activation delay of the cell based on at least one measurement for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.16.The network device of claim 15, wherein the network device is caused to determine the activation delay by:based on determining that the at least one measurement has been reported for the at least one other cell before transmitting the activation signalling, determining the cell as known to the terminal device; orbased on determining that no measurement has been reported for the set of associated cells before transmitting the activation signalling, determining the cell as unknown to the terminal device.17.The network device of claim 15, wherein the network device is caused to determine the activation delay by:based on determining that no measurement has been reported for the cell before transmitting the activation signalling, determining the cell as unknown to the terminal device; anddetermining the cell as having been reported based on determining that the at least one measurement has been reported for the at least one other cell, andwherein the network device is caused to determine the activation delay as if the cell is determined as known to the terminal device.18.The terminal device of claim 16 or 17, wherein the determination related to measurement reporting is determined as valid within a first time period before receiving the activation signaling.19.The network device of claim 15, wherein the network device is further caused to:receive, from the terminal device, a measurement report for the cell which is in response to the activation signalling, wherein the measurement report includes at least one valid measurement result for the at least one other cell.20.The network device of any of claims 15-19, wherein the network device is further caused to:transmit, to the terminal device, an indication of the set of associated cells.21.The network device of claim 20, wherein:the indication is applied for determining a known or unknown condition for cell activation, orthe indication is a common configuration used for all measurement relevant behaviors of the terminal device.22.The network device of any of claims 15-19, wherein the set of associated cells is predefined based on a measurement behavior determined by an optimized carrier specific scaling factor (CSSF) associated with the terminal device.23.The network device of claim 22, wherein:the at least one other cell is on a same frequency range 2 (FR2) band with the cell; orthe at least one other cell is contiguous to the cell on a same frequency range 1 (FR1) band.24.The network device of any of claims 15-23, wherein the network device is further caused to:receive, from the terminal device, capability information indicating that the terminal device is capable of an optimized CSSF or capable of optimized cell activation with the optimized CSSF.25.The network device of any of claims 15-24, wherein at least one of the following:the cell comprises a secondary cell (SCell) or a primary secondary cell (PSCell) of the terminal device;the cell is configured or indicated as not to be measured;the at least one other cell is configured or indicated as to be measured;the set of associated cells are on a same band; orthe terminal device is capable of an optimized CSSF.26.A method comprising:determining a set of associated cells;receiving an activation signalling for activating a cell among the set of associated cells; andactivating the cell based on at least one measurement for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.27.A method comprising:determining, for a terminal device, a set of associated cells;transmitting, to the terminal device, an activation signalling for activating a cell among the set of associated cells; anddetermining, for the terminal device, an activation delay of the cell based on at least one measurement for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.28.An apparatus comprising:means for determining a set of associated cells;means for receiving an activation signalling for activating a cell among the set of associated cells; andmeans for activating the cell based on at least one measurement for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.29.An apparatus comprising:means for determining, for a terminal device, a set of associated cells;means for transmitting, to the terminal device, an activation signalling for activating a cell among the set of associated cells; andmeans for determining, for the terminal device, an activation delay of the cell based on at least one measurement for at least one other cell among the set of associated cells.30.A computer readable medium comprising program instructions for causing an apparatus to perform at least method of claim 26-27.
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