Waveguide connection structure and microwave system

Abstract

Provided in the embodiments of the present application are a waveguide connection structure and a microwave system. The waveguide connection structure comprises a first waveguide (100) and a second waveguide (200), wherein the first waveguide (100) is connected to the second waveguide (200). The waveguide connection structure further comprises a flange overlapping surface (300), a resonance elimination groove (400) and signal leakage prevention components (500), wherein the flange overlapping surface (300) is provided between the first waveguide (100) and the second waveguide (200); the resonance elimination groove (400) is located on the connection side between the flange overlapping surface (300) and the first waveguide (100) or the second waveguide (200); and the signal leakage prevention components (500) are disposed on the outer peripheral side of the flange overlapping surface (300).

Description

Waveguide connection structure and microwave system

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application is based on and claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410994593.1, filed on July 23, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The embodiments of this application relate to, but are not limited to, the field of communication equipment technology, and particularly to a waveguide connection structure and a microwave system. Background Technology

[0004] In related technologies, signal leakage will occur if there is a gap when two waveguides are interconnected. Shielding rings are generally used to prevent leakage between rectangular waveguides. When irregular waveguides are interconnected with rectangular waveguides, the waveguide shape changes abruptly at the interconnection end face, and the electromagnetic field will change drastically and rotate. If there is a gap at the interconnection end face, traditional shielding rings will not be able to achieve impedance matching, which will easily generate in-band resonance, resulting in severe deterioration of electrical performance and rendering the device unusable. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The following is an overview of the subject matter described in detail herein. This overview is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0006] This application provides a waveguide connection structure and a microwave system.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a waveguide connection structure, including a first waveguide and a second waveguide, wherein the first waveguide and the second waveguide are connected. The waveguide connection structure further includes: a flange mating surface, wherein the flange mating surface is disposed between the first waveguide and the second waveguide, and the flange mating surface is configured to provide space for electromagnetic field conversion and impedance matching of electromagnetic waves transmitted by the first waveguide and the second waveguide; a resonance cancellation groove, wherein the resonance cancellation groove is located on the connection side of the flange mating surface and the first waveguide or the second waveguide; and a signal leakage prevention component, wherein the signal leakage prevention component is disposed on the outer periphery of the flange mating surface.

[0008] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a microwave system including the waveguide connection structure described in the first aspect embodiment.

[0009] This application embodiment includes: a waveguide connection structure including a first waveguide and a second waveguide, the first waveguide and the second waveguide being connected, the waveguide connection structure also including a flange overlapping surface, a resonance cancellation groove and a signal leakage prevention component; wherein, the flange overlapping surface is disposed between the first waveguide and the second waveguide, and the flange overlapping surface is configured to provide space for electromagnetic field conversion and impedance matching of the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the first waveguide and the second waveguide; the resonance cancellation groove is disposed on the connection side between the flange overlapping surface and the first waveguide or the second waveguide. Attached Figure Description

[0010] The accompanying drawings are used to provide an understanding of the technical solutions of this application and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of this application to explain the technical solutions of this application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of this application.

[0011] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a waveguide connection structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0012] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rectangular waveguide aperture and an irregular waveguide aperture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0013] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rectangular waveguide aperture and an irregular waveguide aperture provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0014] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the irregular waveguide aperture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0015] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the irregular waveguide aperture provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0016] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the irregular waveguide aperture provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0017] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the overlapping structure of a rectangular waveguide aperture and an irregular waveguide aperture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the overlapping aperture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the flange mating surface provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the flange mating surface provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram comparing the electric field strength of adding a resonance elimination groove according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the simulation effect based on the waveguide connection structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a waveguide connection structure provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a waveguide connection structure provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a waveguide connection structure provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of a waveguide connection structure provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of a waveguide connection structure provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0028] Reference numerals: First waveguide 100, rectangular waveguide aperture 110, second waveguide 200, irregular waveguide aperture 210, flange overlapping surface 300, overlapping aperture 310, resonance cancellation groove 400, signal leakage prevention component 500. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0030] In the description of this application, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0031] Furthermore, terms such as “above,” “over,” “below,” and “under,” used in this application to indicate spatial relative position, are for illustrative purposes to describe the relationship of one unit or feature relative to another unit or feature as shown in the accompanying drawings. The terms indicating spatial relative position may be intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation other than those shown in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is flipped, a unit described as being “below” or “under” other units or features would be located “above” other units or features. Therefore, the exemplary term “below” can encompass both above and below orientations. The device may be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or otherwise) and the spatially related descriptive terms used herein shall be interpreted accordingly.

[0032] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "setup," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this application in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0033] This application provides a waveguide connection structure and a microwave system. The waveguide connection structure includes a first waveguide and a second waveguide, which are connected. The waveguide connection structure also includes a flange mating surface, a resonance cancellation groove, and a signal leakage prevention component. The flange mating surface is located between the first and second waveguides, providing space for electromagnetic field conversion and impedance matching of the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the first and second waveguides. The resonance cancellation groove is located on the connection side between the flange mating surface and the first or second waveguide. The resonance cancellation groove can eliminate resonance in the space for electromagnetic field conversion and impedance matching, ensuring signal flatness within the operating frequency band. The signal leakage prevention component effectively prevents the signal transmitted by the first and second waveguides from leaking outwards, ensuring good isolation. These features improve the stability of microwave communication.

[0034] The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] As shown in Figure 1, an embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides a waveguide connection structure, which includes a first waveguide 100 and a second waveguide 200 connected together. The waveguide connection structure also includes a flange mating surface 300, a resonance cancellation groove 400, and a signal leakage prevention component 500. The flange mating surface 300 is disposed between the first waveguide 100 and the second waveguide 200, and is configured to provide space for electromagnetic field conversion and impedance matching of the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the first waveguide 100 and the second waveguide 200. The resonance cancellation groove 400 is disposed on the connection side between the flange mating surface 300 and the first waveguide 100 or the second waveguide 200. The resonance cancellation groove 400 can eliminate resonance in the space for electromagnetic field conversion and impedance matching, ensuring signal flatness within the operating frequency band. The signal leakage prevention component 500 effectively prevents the signals transmitted by the first waveguide 100 and the second waveguide 200 from leaking outwards, ensuring good isolation. Through the above configuration, the stability of microwave communication is improved.

[0036] It is worth noting that signal leakage occurs when two waveguides are interconnected, especially if there is a gap between them. Currently, shielding rings or chokes are generally used to address signal leakage between rectangular waveguides. When irregularly shaped waveguides are interconnected with rectangular waveguides, the waveguide shape changes abruptly at the interconnection end face, causing drastic changes and rotation of the electromagnetic field. If a gap appears at this interconnection end face, traditional shielding rings or chokes cannot achieve impedance matching, easily leading to in-band resonance and severely degrading electrical performance, rendering the waveguide unusable. One embodiment of this application provides a waveguide connection structure for interconnecting rectangular and irregularly shaped waveguides, which can effectively eliminate the resonance problem in traditional shielding ring or choke solutions, ensuring good transmission standing wave and insertion loss. When gaps or poor contact occur in the waveguide interconnection, the flange mating surface 300 provides electromagnetic field conversion and impedance matching space for both waveguides, ensuring good transmission standing wave; the resonance cancellation groove 400 adjusts the cavity resonant frequency, ensuring signal flatness within the operating frequency band; and the signal leakage prevention component 500 presents high impedance to prevent signal leakage, ensuring good isolation.

[0037] It is worth noting that at least one of the first waveguide 100 and the second waveguide 200 is an irregularly shaped waveguide. For example, the first waveguide 100 is an irregularly shaped waveguide and the second waveguide 200 is a rectangular waveguide; or the first waveguide 100 is a rectangular waveguide and the second waveguide 200 is an irregularly shaped waveguide; or the first waveguide 100 is an irregularly shaped waveguide and the second waveguide 200 is also an irregularly shaped waveguide. In all three cases, the waveguide shape may change abruptly at the interconnection end face of the first waveguide 100 and the second waveguide 200, the electromagnetic field changes drastically and rotates, and gaps appear at the interconnection end face. The shielding ring and choke slot cannot achieve impedance matching, which easily leads to in-band resonance, resulting in severe deterioration of electrical performance and rendering it unusable.

[0038] In some embodiments of this application, the flange mating surface 300, the resonance cancellation groove 400, and the signal leakage prevention component 500 can all be machined without elastic deformation materials, making the waveguide connection structure stable and reliable. This allows for good impedance matching, reduces the likelihood of in-band resonance, and effectively prevents severe degradation of electrical performance. The waveguide connection structure of this application effectively eliminates the impact of waveguide interconnection gaps, especially in the interconnection scenario between irregularly shaped waveguides and rectangular waveguides in microwave communication. It can effectively compensate for the gap tolerance between irregularly shaped and rectangular waveguides, enabling non-contact signal transmission and improving the stability of microwave communication equipment. For example, embodiments of this application are used to prevent leakage between the irregularly shaped waveguide interface and the rectangular waveguide interface of the antenna in microwave outdoor unit equipment, improving the interconnection reliability between the equipment and the antenna. It can also be used for testing fixtures for the interconnection of irregularly shaped and rectangular waveguides in research and development, improving the stability of the testing environment.

[0039] In some embodiments of this application, the flange overlapping surface 300 of the waveguide structure is disposed on the end face of the first waveguide 100 or the end face of the second waveguide 200; the resonance cancellation groove 400 of the waveguide structure can also be disposed on the end face of the first waveguide 100 or the end face of the second waveguide 200; the signal leakage prevention component 500 of the waveguide structure can also be disposed on the end face of the first waveguide 100 or the end face of the second waveguide 200. That is, the flange overlapping surface 300, the resonance cancellation groove 400, and the signal leakage prevention component 500 of the waveguide structure can be disposed on the same side or cross-distributed on both sides, without limitation, as long as the waveguide connection structure of this application includes the flange overlapping surface 300, the resonance cancellation groove 400, and the signal leakage prevention component 500. For example, the flange mating surface 300, the resonance cancellation groove 400, and the signal leakage prevention component 500 are all disposed on the end face of the first waveguide 100; or the flange mating surface 300, the resonance cancellation groove 400, and the signal leakage prevention component 500 are all disposed on the end face of the second waveguide 200; or the flange mating surface 300 is disposed on the end face of the first waveguide 100, and the resonance cancellation groove 400 and the signal leakage prevention component 500 are disposed on the end face of the second waveguide 200, etc. Through the above configuration, the waveguide connection structure can be configured more flexibly, providing users with greater choice and convenience.

[0040] In some embodiments of this application, the first waveguide 100 is provided with a first interface, and the second waveguide 200 is provided with a second interface. The first interface and the second interface are connected. The aperture of the first interface and the aperture of the second interface can form an overlapping aperture 310, and the flange overlapping surface 300 is located on the outer periphery of the overlapping aperture 310. The flange overlapping surface 300 is located at the connection position of the first waveguide 100 and the second waveguide 200, which can provide electromagnetic field conversion and impedance matching space for the two waveguides between the first waveguide 100 and the second waveguide 200, ensuring good transmission standing wave.

[0041] It is worth noting that the overlapping aperture 310 is the outer contour of the overlapping apertures of the first interface and the second interface. A new pattern is formed by extending outwards along the outer contour of the overlapping aperture 310 by a first distance, and the area of ​​the new pattern is provided with a flange overlapping surface 300 relative to the area of ​​the newly added region of the overlapping aperture 310. One way to set the first distance is to set it as one-quarter wavelength of the center operating frequency of the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the first and second waveguides.

[0042] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, irregular waveguides and rectangular waveguides are generally connected at a + / - 45-degree angle. The electromagnetic wave propagating in the irregular waveguide has a polarization direction of 45 degrees. When the electromagnetic wave enters a horizontal (or vertical) rectangular waveguide, the polarization direction rotates to become a vertically polarized (or horizontally polarized) wave. Specifically, the rectangular waveguide aperture 110 and the irregular waveguide aperture 210 are connected at a 45-degree angle. As shown in Figure 4, the irregular waveguide aperture 210 is generally a double-ridged waveguide, exhibiting a centrally symmetrical structure. The long side of the irregular waveguide aperture 210 is 'a', and the short side is 'b', similar to a standard rectangular waveguide. The length 'c' of the ridge is generally less than 'b / 2'. As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the shape of the ridge of the irregular waveguide aperture 210 can be rectangular or triangular, and its position can be located at the midpoint of the long side or offset.

[0043] As shown in Figures 7 to 10, the flange overlapping surface 300 refers to the outer contour plane where the flanges of the irregular waveguide and the rectangular waveguide overlap when they are interconnected, including the overlapping part and the non-overlapping parts of each. Generally, the flange is extended outward from the overlapping diameter 310 of the irregular waveguide and the rectangular waveguide by about one-quarter of the center operating frequency. The shape and size of the flange overlapping surface 300 are not fixed and can be adjusted according to the processing difficulty and electrical performance optimization. The characteristic is that it must be larger than the overlapping diameter 310 of the irregular waveguide and the rectangular waveguide. The high impedance anti-signal leakage component 500 arranged around the flange overlapping surface 300 is equivalent to an open circuit point, and reaching the edge of the overlapping diameter after one-quarter wavelength is equivalent to a short circuit point. From the perspective of electromagnetic waves, the irregular waveguide and the rectangular waveguide achieve a short-circuit electrical connection at the edge of the overlapping diameter, becoming a seamless whole; the flange overlapping surface 300 provides electromagnetic field conversion and impedance matching space for the two waveguides, ensuring good transmission standing wave.

[0044] In some embodiments of this application, when the flange overlapping surface 300 and the resonance elimination groove 400 are located on the same waveguide end face, the resonance elimination groove 400 can be disposed within the flange overlapping surface 300; when the flange overlapping surface 300 and the resonance elimination groove 400 are located on different waveguide end faces, the resonance elimination groove 400 can be disposed at the end face position of the waveguide corresponding to the position of the flange overlapping surface 300; both of the above methods can also eliminate resonance within the operating frequency band and ensure signal flatness within the operating frequency band.

[0045] It is worth noting that the overlapping area 300 of the flanges connecting irregular and rectangular waveguides is relatively large, making it easy for electromagnetic resonance to occur within the cavity formed by the flange overlapping surface 300. The resonant frequency falls within the operating frequency band, affecting parameters such as standing wave ratio (SWR) and insertion loss. Figure 11 shows an example comparing the electric field before and after adding a resonance cancellation slot 400 at the 20.4 GHz resonant frequency. It can be seen that before adding the resonance cancellation slot 400, there is strong resonance in the flange overlapping surface 300 area, affecting normal signal transmission; after adding the resonance cancellation slot 400, the resonance intensity in the flange overlapping surface 300 area decreases, ensuring normal signal transmission. The resonance cancellation slot 400 is arranged within the flange overlapping surface 300 or at a corresponding position on the opposite flange. The shape, number, and position of the slot are not fixed and are adjusted according to the resonant frequency to be eliminated. Generally, it is placed at the point of strongest electric field at the resonant frequency to disrupt the resonant mode, thereby eliminating resonance within the operating frequency band and ensuring signal flatness within the operating frequency band.

[0046] In some embodiments of this application, when the flange mating surface 300 and the anti-signal leakage component 500 are located on the same waveguide end face, the anti-signal leakage component 500 is located on the outer periphery of the flange mating surface 300; when the flange mating surface 300 and the anti-signal leakage component 500 are located on different waveguide end faces, the anti-signal leakage component 500 is located at the end face position of the waveguide corresponding to the position on the outer periphery of the flange mating surface 300; with the above two configuration methods, transverse electromagnetic waves leaking from the interconnect gap can be effectively prevented.

[0047] In some embodiments of this application, the signal leakage prevention component 500 can be a pin, and the pins can be evenly distributed along the outer periphery of the flange mating surface 300. The length of the pin can be one-quarter wavelength of the center operating frequency of the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the first waveguide 100 and the second waveguide 200. The pin can also effectively prevent transverse electromagnetic waves from leaking out from the interconnection gap, thus achieving the effect of preventing signal leakage.

[0048] It is worth noting that the length of the pin is one-quarter wavelength of the center operating frequency of the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the first waveguide 100 and the second waveguide 200. This is only one implementation method and does not mean that the length of the pin can only be one-quarter wavelength of the center operating frequency of the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the first waveguide 100 and the second waveguide 200. In actual applications, it can be set according to the processing difficulty and electrical performance optimization.

[0049] In some embodiments of this application, the signal leakage prevention component 500 can be a choke groove, and the depth of the choke groove can be one-quarter of the wavelength of the center operating frequency of the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the first waveguide 100 and the second waveguide 200. The choke groove can also effectively prevent transverse electromagnetic waves from leaking out from the interconnect gaps, thus achieving the same effect of preventing signal leakage.

[0050] It is worth noting that the depth of the choke groove is one-quarter wavelength of the center operating frequency of the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the first waveguide 100 and the second waveguide 200. This is only one implementation method and does not mean that the depth of the choke groove can only be one-quarter wavelength of the center operating frequency of the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the first waveguide 100 and the second waveguide 200. In actual applications, it can also be set according to the processing difficulty and electrical performance optimization.

[0051] It is worth noting that the anti-signal leakage component 500 can use a high-impedance structure, such as periodic pins or chokes, which can also prevent transverse electromagnetic waves from leaking from the interconnect gaps. The length of the pins or the depth of the chokes can generally be one-quarter of the wavelength of the center operating frequency, but can also be adjusted according to the manufacturing difficulty and electrical performance optimization. The pins or chokes can be arranged around the flange mating surface 300, with at least one ring, or multiple rings can be arranged as needed for leakage prevention; the more rings, the better the leakage prevention effect.

[0052] Figure 12 shows an example of the 17.7-23.6 GHz frequency band. Using the technical solution of this application embodiment, in-band resonance can be effectively eliminated, achieving good standing wave ratio and insertion loss performance. Furthermore, this application embodiment is not limited to the 17.7-23.6 GHz frequency band; frequency shifting to other bands can be achieved by adjusting the design dimensions.

[0053] In some embodiments of this application, the flange overlapping surface 300, the resonance elimination groove 400, and the signal leakage prevention component 500 can be disposed on either the first waveguide 100 or the second waveguide 200, or the two end faces can be disposed at opposite ends, which increases the flexibility of the waveguide connection structure; wherein, the first waveguide 100 can be a rectangular waveguide, and the second waveguide 200 can be an irregular waveguide.

[0054] As shown in Figure 1, the flange mating surface 300, resonance cancellation groove 400, and signal leakage prevention component 500 are only provided on the end face of the irregular waveguide, while the rectangular waveguide connected to the irregular waveguide does not have related components. Furthermore, the signal leakage prevention component 500 in the figure consists of uniformly distributed pins, which effectively prevents signal leakage. The flange mating surface 300 provides space for electromagnetic field conversion and impedance matching for the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the rectangular and irregular waveguides; the resonance cancellation groove 400 can eliminate resonance in the space for electromagnetic field conversion and impedance matching.

[0055] As shown in Figure 13, the flange mating surface 300, the resonance cancellation groove 400, and the signal leakage prevention component 500 are only installed on the end face of the irregular waveguide. The rectangular waveguide connected to the irregular waveguide does not have any related components. Furthermore, the signal leakage prevention component 500 in the figure is a choke groove, which can also effectively prevent signal leakage. The flange mating surface 300 can also provide space for electromagnetic field conversion and impedance matching for the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the rectangular and irregular waveguides; the resonance cancellation groove 400 can also eliminate resonance in the space for electromagnetic field conversion and impedance matching.

[0056] As shown in Figure 14, the flange overlapping surface 300 and the resonance elimination groove 400 are disposed on the end face of the irregular waveguide, and the signal leakage prevention component 500 is disposed on the end face of the rectangular waveguide. The signal leakage prevention component 500 in the figure is a pin. Through the above settings, the flange overlapping surface 300 can also provide space for electromagnetic field conversion and impedance matching for the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the rectangular waveguide and the irregular waveguide. The resonance elimination groove 400 can also eliminate the resonance in the space for electromagnetic field conversion and impedance matching. The signal leakage prevention component 500 can also effectively prevent signal leakage.

[0057] As shown in Figure 15, the flange overlapping surface 300, the resonance elimination groove 400, and part of the signal leakage prevention component 500 are set on the end face of the irregular waveguide, and part of the signal leakage prevention component 500 is set on the end face of the rectangular waveguide. The two waveguides cooperate with each other. Similarly, the flange overlapping surface 300 can be used to provide space for electromagnetic field conversion and impedance matching for the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the rectangular waveguide and the irregular waveguide. The resonance elimination groove 400 is used to eliminate the resonance in the space for electromagnetic field conversion and impedance matching. The signal leakage prevention component 500 is used to prevent signal leakage.

[0058] As shown in Figure 16, the flange overlapping surface 300 and the anti-signal leakage component 500 are disposed on the end face of the irregular waveguide, while the resonance cancellation groove 400 is disposed on the end face of the rectangular waveguide; and the anti-signal leakage component 500 in the figure is a pin; through the above settings, the flange overlapping surface 300 can also provide space for electromagnetic field conversion and impedance matching for the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the rectangular waveguide and the irregular waveguide, the resonance cancellation groove 400 can also eliminate the resonance in the space of electromagnetic field conversion and impedance matching, and the anti-signal leakage component 500 can also effectively prevent signal leakage.

[0059] As shown in Figure 17, the flange overlapping surface 300, the resonance elimination groove 400, and the signal leakage prevention component 500 are only provided on the end face of the rectangular waveguide, while the irregular waveguide connected to the rectangular waveguide does not have related components. Furthermore, the signal leakage prevention component 500 in the figure is a pin. Through the above settings, the flange overlapping surface 300 can also provide space for electromagnetic field conversion and impedance matching for the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the rectangular waveguide and the irregular waveguide. The resonance elimination groove 400 can also eliminate the resonance in the space for electromagnetic field conversion and impedance matching. The signal leakage prevention component 500 can also effectively prevent signal leakage.

[0060] In some embodiments of this application, eight combinations of flange mating surfaces, resonance elimination grooves, and signal leakage prevention components can be shown in the table below.

[0061] In some embodiments of this application, these embodiments can be used in the interconnection of irregular and rectangular waveguides in microwave equipment to eliminate the effects of electromagnetic leakage, improve standing wave ratio and insertion loss indicators, and provide users with an improved product reliability experience. Furthermore, they can improve the stability of microwave products; they can also absorb certain interconnection gap tolerances, reducing the processing and assembly precision of various structural components and lowering costs; and they can also be applied to testing fixtures in microwave production lines to reduce environmental interference and improve production testing efficiency.

[0062] It is worth noting that the technical solutions of this application embodiment can be applied to the scenario of interconnection between irregular waveguides and rectangular waveguides in microwave communication equipment; it can also be applied to the scenario of interconnection between irregular waveguides and irregular waveguides in microwave communication equipment; and it can also be applied to the interconnection scenario of waveguide devices in the field of testing and measurement involving leakage prevention of irregular waveguides.

[0063] A microwave system is provided in one embodiment of the second aspect of this application, the microwave system including the waveguide connection structure provided in the above embodiments. It is worth noting that the microwave system in this application embodiment is based on the same inventive concept as the waveguide connection structure in the first aspect embodiment, and will not be described again here.

[0064] The above provides a detailed description of the implementation of this application. However, this application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of this application. All such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1.A waveguide connection structure, comprising a first waveguide and a second waveguide, the first waveguide being connected with the second waveguide, the waveguide connection structure further comprising: a flange coinciding surface, the flange coinciding surface being arranged between the first waveguide and the second waveguide, the flange coinciding surface being arranged to provide electromagnetic field conversion and impedance matching for electromagnetic waves transmitted by the first waveguide and the second waveguide; a resonance elimination groove, the resonance elimination groove being located at a connecting side of the flange coinciding surface and the first waveguide or the second waveguide; and a signal leakage prevention component, the signal leakage prevention component being arranged at an outer circumferential side of the flange coinciding surface. The flange coinciding surface is arranged at an end surface of the first waveguide or an end surface of the second waveguide. The first waveguide is provided with a first interface, the second waveguide is provided with a second interface, the first interface is connected with the second interface, an aperture of the first interface and an aperture of the second interface form an overlapping aperture, and the flange coinciding surface is arranged at an outer circumferential side of the overlapping aperture. The overlapping aperture is expanded outward by a first distance to form a new position, and the flange coinciding surface is arranged at the new position, wherein the first distance is one quarter of a wavelength of a center operating frequency of electromagnetic waves transmitted by the first waveguide and the second waveguide. In a case where the flange coinciding surface and the resonance elimination groove are located at an end surface of the same waveguide, the resonance elimination groove is arranged in the flange coinciding surface. In a case where the flange coinciding surface and the resonance elimination groove are located at end surfaces of different waveguides, the resonance elimination groove is arranged at a position of an end surface of a waveguide corresponding to a position of the flange coinciding surface. In a case where the flange coinciding surface and the signal leakage prevention component are located at an end surface of the same waveguide, the signal leakage prevention component is located at an outer circumferential side of the flange coinciding surface. In a case where the flange coinciding surface and the signal leakage prevention component are located at end surfaces of different waveguides, the signal leakage prevention component is arranged at a position of an end surface of a waveguide corresponding to a position of an outer circumferential side of the flange coinciding surface. The signal leakage prevention component is a pin or a choke groove. In a case where the signal leakage prevention component is a pin, the pin is uniformly distributed along an outer circumferential side of the flange coinciding surface. A length of the pin is one quarter of a wavelength of a center operating frequency of electromagnetic waves transmitted by the first waveguide and the second waveguide. A depth of the choke groove is one quarter of a wavelength of a center operating frequency of electromagnetic waves transmitted by the first waveguide and the second waveguide. 11.A microwave system, comprising the waveguide connection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10. ​ ​ ​ 2. The waveguide connection structure of claim 1, wherein, ​ 3. The waveguide connection structure of claim 1, wherein, ​ 4. The waveguide connection structure of claim 3, wherein, ​ 5. The waveguide connection structure of claim 1, wherein, ​ ​ 6. The waveguide connection structure of claim 1, wherein, ​ ​ 7. The waveguide connection structure of claim 1, wherein, ​ 8. The waveguide connection structure of claim 7, wherein, ​ 9. The waveguide connection structure of claim 7, wherein, ​ 10. The waveguide connection structure of claim 7, wherein, ​ ​

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