Method, apparatus, and medium for video processing
By grouping video samples for filtering and optimizing filter coefficient permutations, the method addresses inefficiencies in existing video coding technologies, enhancing coding performance and efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/110384
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-07-24
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing video coding technologies, such as VVC, face inefficiencies in computational complexity and redundant calculations due to repeated sample loading and filtering processes, particularly in the application of adaptive loop filters (ALF), which affect coding performance and efficiency.
The proposed method involves dividing video samples into groups based on diagonal lines for filtering, optimizing sample loading, and simplifying calculations by pre-permuting filter coefficients, reducing redundant operations and improving computational efficiency.
This approach enhances coding performance and efficiency by minimizing redundant calculations and optimizing filter coefficient permutations, leading to improved video processing capabilities.
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Figure CN2025110384_29012026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHOD, APPARATUS, AND MEDIUM FOR VIDEO PROCESSINGFIELDS
[0001] Embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to video processing techniques, and more particularly, to non-linear filtering operation for video processing.BACKGROUND
[0002] In nowadays, digital video capabilities are being applied in various aspects of peoples’ lives. Multiple types of video compression technologies, such as motion picture expert group (MPEG) -2, MPEG-4, international telecommunication union -telecommunication standardization sector (ITU-T) H. 263, ITU-T H. 264 / MPEG-4 Part 10 advanced video coding (AVC) , ITU-T H. 265 high efficiency video coding (HEVC) standard, versatile video coding (VVC) standard, have been proposed for video encoding / decoding. However, coding efficiency of video coding techniques is generally expected to be further improved.SUMMARY
[0003] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for video processing.
[0004] In a first aspect, a method for video processing is proposed. The method comprises: determining, for a conversion between a current video unit of a video and a bitstream of the video, that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for the current video unit; dividing a plurality of samples for filtering a first sample of the current video unit into a plurality of groups of samples; applying the non-linear filtering operation to the current video unit, wherein applying the non-linear filtering operation to the first sample is based on at least partial samples in the plurality of groups of samples; and performing the conversion based on the applying. The method in accordance with the first aspect of the present disclosure divides the samples for filtering into groups of samples. The non-linear filtering operation may be performed using the groups of samples.
[0005] In a second aspect, another method for video processing is proposed. The method comprises: determining, for a conversion between a current video unit of a video and a bitstream of the video, that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for the current video unit; applying the non-linear filtering operation to at least one sample of the current video unit; and performing the conversion based on the applying, where the non-linear filtering operation comprises: determining offset information of a sample value by: and determining a filtered sample value based on the sample value and the offset information, where off denotes the offset information, px, y denotes the sample value at a location (x, y) , fi denotes a filter coefficient, hi denotes a horizontal offset relative to x, and vi denotes a vertical offset relative to y, i being an integer greater than or equal to zero and less than a threshold. The method in accordance with the second aspect of the present disclosure simplifies the calculations of the non-linear filtering operation.
[0006] In a third aspect, another method for video processing is proposed. The method comprises: determining, for a conversion between a current video unit of a video and a bitstream of the video, that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for the current video unit; performing at least one type of permutation for a plurality of sets of filter coefficients of the non-linear filtering operation to obtain a plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients; obtaining a set of permutated filter coefficients from the plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients based on a filter index and a permutation type; and applying the non-linear filtering operation to at least one sample of the current video unit based on the obtained set of permutated filter coefficients; and performing the conversion based on the applying of the non-linear filtering operation. The method in accordance with the third aspect of the present disclosure obtains the plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients before performing the non-linear filtering operation.
[0007] In a fourth aspect, an apparatus for video processing is proposed. The apparatus comprises a processor and a non-transitory memory with instructions thereon. The instructions upon execution by the processor, cause the processor to perform a method in accordance with the first, second, or third aspect of the present disclosure.
[0008] In a fifth aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is proposed. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that cause a processor to perform a method in accordance with the first, second, or third aspect of the present disclosure.
[0009] In a sixth aspect, another non-transitory computer-readable recording medium is proposed. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium stores a bitstream of a video which is generated by a method performed by an apparatus for video processing. The method comprises: determining that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video; dividing a plurality of samples for filtering a first sample of the current video unit into a plurality of groups of samples; applying the non-linear filtering operation to the current video unit, where applying the non-linear filtering operation to the first sample is based on at least partial samples in the plurality of groups of samples; and generating the bitstream based on the applying.
[0010] In a seventh aspect, another non-transitory computer-readable recording medium is proposed. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium stores a bitstream of a video which is generated by a method performed by an apparatus for video processing. The method comprises: determining that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video; applying the non-linear filtering operation to at least one sample of the current video unit; and generating the bitstream based on the applying, where the non-linear filtering operation comprises: determining offset information of a sample value by: and determining a filtered sample value based on the sample value and the offset information, where off denotes the offset information, px, y denotes the sample value at a location (x, y) , fi denotes a filter coefficient, hi denotes a horizontal offset relative to x, and vi denotes a vertical offset relative to y, i being an integer greater than or equal to zero and less than a threshold.
[0011] In an eighth aspect, another non-transitory computer-readable recording medium is proposed. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium stores a bitstream of a video which is generated by a method performed by an apparatus for video processing. The method comprises: determining that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video; performing at least one type of permutation for a plurality of sets of filter coefficients of the non-linear filtering operation to obtain a plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients; obtaining a set of permutated filter coefficients from the plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients based on a filter index and a permutation type; applying the non-linear filtering operation to at least one sample of the current video unit based on the obtained set of permutated filter coefficients; and generating the bitstream based on the applying of the non-linear filtering operation.
[0012] In a ninth aspect, a method for storing a bitstream of a video is proposed. The method comprises: determining that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video; dividing a plurality of samples for filtering a first sample of the current video unit into a plurality of groups of samples; applying the non-linear filtering operation to the current video unit, where applying the non-linear filtering operation to the first sample is based on at least partial samples in the plurality of groups of samples; generating the bitstream based on the applying; and storing the bitstream in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium.
[0013] In a tenth aspect, a method for storing a bitstream of a video is proposed. The method comprises: determining that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video; applying the non-linear filtering operation to at least one sample of the current video unit; generating the bitstream based on the applying; and storing the bitstream in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium, where the non-linear filtering operation comprises: determining offset information of a sample value by: and determining a filtered sample value based on the sample value and the offset information, where off denotes the offset information, px, y denotes the sample value at a location (x, y) , fi denotes a filter coefficient, hi denotes a horizontal offset relative to x, and vi denotes a vertical offset relative to y, i being an integer greater than or equal to zero and less than a threshold.
[0014] In an eleventh aspect, a method for storing a bitstream of a video is proposed. The method comprises: determining that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video; performing at least one type of permutation for a plurality of sets of filter coefficients of the non-linear filtering operation to obtain a plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients; obtaining a set of permutated filter coefficients from the plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients based on a filter index and a permutation type; applying the non-linear filtering operation to at least one sample of the current video unit based on the obtained set of permutated filter coefficients; generating the bitstream based on the applying of the non-linear filtering operation; and storing the bitstream in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium.
[0015] This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Through the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above and other objectives, features, and advantages of example embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent. In the example embodiments of the present disclosure, the same reference numerals usually refer to the same components.
[0017] Fig. 1 illustrates a block diagram of an example video coding system in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0018] Fig. 2 illustrates a block diagram of an example video encoder in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0019] Fig. 3 illustrates a block diagram of an example video decoder in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0020] Fig. 4A and Fig. 4B illustrate ALF diamond shape filters in VVC, respectively;
[0021] Fig. 5A to Fig. 5D illustrate four permutation types for a 7x7 filter, including origin, 90° rotation, vertical flipping, and diagonal flipping;
[0022] Fig. 6 illustrates an area of the samples used for filtering sample (0, 0) and an area of the samples used for filtering sample (1, 0) for a 7x7 filter;
[0023] Fig. 7 illustrates samples used for filtering are divided into 7 groups for a 7x7 filter, where the center block represents sample (x, y) ;
[0024] Fig. 8 illustrates a flowchart of a method for video processing in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0025] Fig. 9 illustrates a flowchart of another method for video processing in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0026] Fig. 10 illustrates a flowchart of a further method for video processing in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0027] Fig. 11 illustrates a block diagram of a computing device in which various embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented.
[0028] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals usually refer to the same or similar elements.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] Principle of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0030] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0031] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an example embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0032] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0033] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof. Example Environment
[0034] Fig. 1 is a block diagram that illustrates an example video coding system 100 that may utilize the techniques of this disclosure. As shown, the video coding system 100 may include a source device 110 and a destination device 120. The source device 110 can be also referred to as a video encoding device, and the destination device 120 can be also referred to as a video decoding device. In operation, the source device 110 can be configured to generate encoded video data and the destination device 120 can be configured to decode the encoded video data generated by the source device 110. The source device 110 may include a video source 112, a video encoder 114, and an input / output (I / O) interface 116.
[0035] The video source 112 may include a source such as a video capture device. Examples of the video capture device include, but are not limited to, an interface to receive video data from a video content provider, a computer graphics system for generating video data, and / or a combination thereof.
[0036] The video data may comprise one or more pictures. The video encoder 114 encodes the video data from the video source 112 to generate a bitstream. The bitstream may include a sequence of bits that form a coded representation of the video data. The bitstream may include coded pictures and associated data. The coded picture is a coded representation of a picture. The associated data may include sequence parameter sets, picture parameter sets, and other syntax structures. The I / O interface 116 may include a modulator / demodulator and / or a transmitter. The encoded video data may be transmitted directly to destination device 120 via the I / O interface 116 through the network 130A. The encoded video data may also be stored onto a storage medium / server 130B for access by destination device 120.
[0037] The destination device 120 may include an I / O interface 126, a video decoder 124, and a display device 122. The I / O interface 126 may include a receiver and / or a modem. The I / O interface 126 may acquire encoded video data from the source device 110 or the storage medium / server 130B. The video decoder 124 may decode the encoded video data. The display device 122 may display the decoded video data to a user. The display device 122 may be integrated with the destination device 120, or may be external to the destination device 120 which is configured to interface with an external display device.
[0038] The video encoder 114 and the video decoder 124 may operate according to a video compression standard, such as the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard, Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard and other current and / or further standards.
[0039] Fig. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a video encoder 200, which may be an example of the video encoder 114 in the system 100 illustrated in Fig. 1, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0040] The video encoder 200 may be configured to implement any or all of the techniques of this disclosure. In the example of Fig. 2, the video encoder 200 includes a plurality of functional components. The techniques described in this disclosure may be shared among the various components of the video encoder 200. In some examples, a processor may be configured to perform any or all of the techniques described in this disclosure.
[0041] In some embodiments, the video encoder 200 may include a partition unit 201, a prediction unit 202 which may include a mode select unit 203, a motion estimation unit 204, a motion compensation unit 205 and an intra-prediction unit 206, a residual generation unit 207, a transform unit 208, a quantization unit 209, an inverse quantization unit 210, an inverse transform unit 211, a reconstruction unit 212, a buffer 213, and an entropy encoding unit 214.
[0042] In other examples, the video encoder 200 may include more, fewer, or different functional components. In an example, the prediction unit 202 may include an intra block copy (IBC) unit. The IBC unit may perform prediction in an IBC mode in which at least one reference picture is a picture where the current video block is located.
[0043] Furthermore, although some components, such as the motion estimation unit 204 and the motion compensation unit 205, may be integrated, but are represented in the example of Fig. 2 separately for purposes of explanation.
[0044] The partition unit 201 may partition a picture into one or more video blocks. The video encoder 200 and the video decoder 300 may support various video block sizes.
[0045] The mode select unit 203 may select one of the coding modes, intra or inter, e.g., based on error results, and provide the resulting intra-coded or inter-coded block to a residual generation unit 207 to generate residual block data and to a reconstruction unit 212 to reconstruct the encoded block for use as a reference picture. In some examples, the mode select unit 203 may select a combined inter and intra prediction (CIIP) mode in which the prediction is based on an inter prediction signal and an intra prediction signal. The mode select unit 203 may also select a resolution for a motion vector (e.g., a sub-pixel or integer pixel precision) for the block in the case of inter-prediction.
[0046] To perform inter prediction on a current video block, the motion estimation unit 204 may generate motion information for the current video block by comparing one or more reference frames from buffer 213 to the current video block. The motion compensation unit 205 may determine a predicted video block for the current video block based on the motion information and decoded samples of pictures from the buffer 213 other than the picture associated with the current video block.
[0047] The motion estimation unit 204 and the motion compensation unit 205 may perform different operations for a current video block, for example, depending on whether the current video block is in an I-slice, a P-slice, or a B-slice. As used herein, an “I-slice” may refer to a portion of a picture composed of macroblocks, all of which are based upon macroblocks within the same picture. Further, as used herein, in some aspects, “P-slices” and “B-slices” may refer to portions of a picture composed of macroblocks that are not dependent on macroblocks in the same picture.
[0048] In some examples, the motion estimation unit 204 may perform uni-directional prediction for the current video block, and the motion estimation unit 204 may search reference pictures of list 0 or list 1 for a reference video block for the current video block. The motion estimation unit 204 may then generate a reference index that indicates the reference picture in list 0 or list 1 that contains the reference video block and a motion vector that indicates a spatial displacement between the current video block and the reference video block. The motion estimation unit 204 may output the reference index, a prediction direction indicator, and the motion vector as the motion information of the current video block. The motion compensation unit 205 may generate the predicted video block of the current video block based on the reference video block indicated by the motion information of the current video block.
[0049] Alternatively, in other examples, the motion estimation unit 204 may perform bi-directional prediction for the current video block. The motion estimation unit 204 may search the reference pictures in list 0 for a reference video block for the current video block and may also search the reference pictures in list 1 for another reference video block for the current video block. The motion estimation unit 204 may then generate reference indexes that indicate the reference pictures in list 0 and list 1 containing the reference video blocks and motion vectors that indicate spatial displacements between the reference video blocks and the current video block. The motion estimation unit 204 may output the reference indexes and the motion vectors of the current video block as the motion information of the current video block. The motion compensation unit 205 may generate the predicted video block of the current video block based on the reference video blocks indicated by the motion information of the current video block.
[0050] In some examples, the motion estimation unit 204 may output a full set of motion information for decoding processing of a decoder. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the motion estimation unit 204 may signal the motion information of the current video block with reference to the motion information of another video block. For example, the motion estimation unit 204 may determine that the motion information of the current video block is sufficiently similar to the motion information of a neighboring video block.
[0051] In one example, the motion estimation unit 204 may indicate, in a syntax structure associated with the current video block, a value that indicates to the video decoder 300 that the current video block has the same motion information as the another video block.
[0052] In another example, the motion estimation unit 204 may identify, in a syntax structure associated with the current video block, another video block and a motion vector difference (MVD) . The motion vector difference indicates a difference between the motion vector of the current video block and the motion vector of the indicated video block. The video decoder 300 may use the motion vector of the indicated video block and the motion vector difference to determine the motion vector of the current video block.
[0053] As discussed above, video encoder 200 may predictively signal the motion vector. Two examples of predictive signaling techniques that may be implemented by video encoder 200 include advanced motion vector prediction (AMVP) and merge mode signaling.
[0054] The intra prediction unit 206 may perform intra prediction on the current video block. When the intra prediction unit 206 performs intra prediction on the current video block, the intra prediction unit 206 may generate prediction data for the current video block based on decoded samples of other video blocks in the same picture. The prediction data for the current video block may include a predicted video block and various syntax elements.
[0055] The residual generation unit 207 may generate residual data for the current video block by subtracting (e.g., indicated by the minus sign) the predicted video block (s) of the current video block from the current video block. The residual data of the current video block may include residual video blocks that correspond to different sample components of the samples in the current video block.
[0056] In other examples, there may be no residual data for the current video block, for example in a skip mode, and the residual generation unit 207 may not perform the subtracting operation.
[0057] The transform unit 208 may generate one or more transform coefficient video blocks for the current video block by applying one or more transforms to a residual video block associated with the current video block.
[0058] After the transform unit 208 generates a transform coefficient video block associated with the current video block, the quantization unit 209 may quantize the transform coefficient video block associated with the current video block based on one or more quantization parameter (QP) values associated with the current video block.
[0059] The inverse quantization unit 210 and the inverse transform unit 211 may apply inverse quantization and inverse transforms to the transform coefficient video block, respectively, to reconstruct a residual video block from the transform coefficient video block. The reconstruction unit 212 may add the reconstructed residual video block to corresponding samples from one or more predicted video blocks generated by the prediction unit 202 to produce a reconstructed video block associated with the current video block for storage in the buffer 213.
[0060] After the reconstruction unit 212 reconstructs the video block, loop filtering operation may be performed to reduce video blocking artifacts in the video block.
[0061] The entropy encoding unit 214 may receive data from other functional components of the video encoder 200. When the entropy encoding unit 214 receives the data, the entropy encoding unit 214 may perform one or more entropy encoding operations to generate entropy encoded data and output a bitstream that includes the entropy encoded data.
[0062] Fig. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a video decoder 300, which may be an example of the video decoder 124 in the system 100 illustrated in Fig. 1, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0063] The video decoder 300 may be configured to perform any or all of the techniques of this disclosure. In the example of Fig. 3, the video decoder 300 includes a plurality of functional components. The techniques described in this disclosure may be shared among the various components of the video decoder 300. In some examples, a processor may be configured to perform any or all of the techniques described in this disclosure.
[0064] In the example of Fig. 3, the video decoder 300 includes an entropy decoding unit 301, a motion compensation unit 302, an intra prediction unit 303, an inverse quantization unit 304, an inverse transform unit 305, a reconstruction unit 306 and a buffer 307. The video decoder 300 may, in some examples, perform a decoding pass generally reciprocal to the encoding pass described with respect to video encoder 200.
[0065] The entropy decoding unit 301 may retrieve an encoded bitstream. The encoded bitstream may include entropy coded video data (e.g., encoded blocks of video data) . The entropy decoding unit 301 may decode the entropy coded video data, and from the entropy decoded video data, the motion compensation unit 302 may determine motion information including motion vectors, motion vector precision, reference picture list indexes, and other motion information. The motion compensation unit 302 may, for example, determine such information by performing the AMVP and merge mode. AMVP is used, including derivation of several most probable candidates based on data from adjacent PBs and the reference picture. Motion information typically includes the horizontal and vertical motion vector displacement values, one or two reference picture indices, and, in the case of prediction regions in B slices, an identification of which reference picture list is associated with each index. As used herein, in some aspects, a “merge mode” may refer to deriving the motion information from spatially or temporally neighboring blocks.
[0066] The motion compensation unit 302 may produce motion compensated blocks, possibly performing interpolation based on interpolation filters. Identifiers for interpolation filters to be used with sub-pixel precision may be included in the syntax elements.
[0067] The motion compensation unit 302 may use the interpolation filters as used by the video encoder 200 during encoding of the video block to calculate interpolated values for sub-integer pixels of a reference block. The motion compensation unit 302 may determine the interpolation filters used by the video encoder 200 according to the received syntax information and use the interpolation filters to produce predictive blocks.
[0068] The motion compensation unit 302 may use at least part of the syntax information to determine sizes of blocks used to encode frame (s) and / or slice (s) of the encoded video sequence, partition information that describes how each macroblock of a picture of the encoded video sequence is partitioned, modes indicating how each partition is encoded, one or more reference frames (and reference frame lists) for each inter-encoded block, and other information to decode the encoded video sequence. As used herein, in some aspects, a “slice” may refer to a data structure that can be decoded independently from other slices of the same picture, in terms of entropy coding, signal prediction, and residual signal reconstruction. A slice can either be an entire picture or a region of a picture.
[0069] The intra prediction unit 303 may use intra prediction modes for example received in the bitstream to form a prediction block from spatially adjacent blocks. The inverse quantization unit 304 inverse quantizes, i.e., de-quantizes, the quantized video block coefficients provided in the bitstream and decoded by entropy decoding unit 301. The inverse transform unit 305 applies an inverse transform.
[0070] The reconstruction unit 306 may obtain the decoded blocks, e.g., by summing the residual blocks with the corresponding prediction blocks generated by the motion compensation unit 302 or intra-prediction unit 303. If desired, a deblocking filter may also be applied to filter the decoded blocks in order to remove blockiness artifacts. The decoded video blocks are then stored in the buffer 307, which provides reference blocks for subsequent motion compensation / intra prediction and also produces decoded video for presentation on a display device.
[0071] Some example embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detailed hereinafter. It should be understood that section headings are used in the present document to facilitate ease of understanding and do not limit the embodiments disclosed in a section to only that section. Furthermore, while certain embodiments are described with reference to Versatile Video Coding or other specific video codecs, the disclosed techniques are applicable to other video coding technologies also. Furthermore, while some embodiments describe video coding steps in detail, it will be understood that corresponding steps decoding that undo the coding will be implemented by a decoder. Furthermore, the term video processing encompasses video coding or compression, video decoding or decompression and video transcoding in which video pixels are represented from one compressed format into another compressed format or at a different compressed bitrate. 1. Brief summary
[0072] This disclosure is related to video coding technologies. Specifically, it is related to video encoding and decoding. It may be applied to those encoders or decoders conforming to existing video coding standards like Versatile Video Coding (VVC) . It may also be applicable to other video coding standards or video codecs. 2. Introduction
[0073] The evolution of video coding standards has a long history and is mainly established by two significant standard organizations: ITU-T and ISO / IEC. In the initial stages, video coding standards included H. 261, produced by ITU-T, and MPEG-1, produced by ISO / IEC. In 1995, the two organizations collaborated to produce the H. 262 / MPEG-2 video standard. This standard adapted a hybrid coding scheme based on block prediction and transform coding, which has been continued till now. Subsequently, in 2003 and 2013, the H. 264 / AVC and H. 265 / HEVC standards were introduced respectively. Each generation of standards achieved 50%enhanced compression efficiency compared to its predecessor. In 2020, the Joint Video Expert Team (JVET) formed by the ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG) and the ISO / IEC Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) released the latest generation of the video coding standard, H. 266 / VVC. This standard achieved another 50%bit rate savings compared to H. 265 / HEVC. Following H. 266 / VVC, the JVET has now focused on developing the next-generation video coding standard, H. 267, with the expectation of further enhancing video compression efficiency. 2.1. Adaptive Loop Filter in VVC
[0074] In-loop filter technology refers to the process of filtering reconstructed images applied in the encoding and decoding loops. In H. 266 / VVC, loop filter technologies include luma mapping with chroma scaling (LMCS) , de-blocking filter (DBF) , sample adaptive offset (SAO) , adaptive loop filter (ALF) , and cross-component adaptive loop filter (CCALF) . Among them, ALF is the coding tool with the highest coding performance gain and the highest complexity.
[0075] In VVC, ALF applies diamond shape filters of size 7x7 and 5x5 to the luma and chroma components, respectively. Fig. 4A and Fig. 4B illustrate ALF diamond shape filters in VVC. As shown in Fig. 4A and Fig. 4B, the center block of the diamond represents the sample to be filtered, and the neighboring blocks represent the samples used for filtering. Note that fi labeled on each block represents the corresponding filter coefficient. There are 12 filter coefficients for the luma component and 6 for chroma. Restrictions for the coefficients are listed as follows: · The filter coefficients of samples symmetric about the center shall be the same. · The value of fi shall be in the range of 8-bit signed integer.
[0076] Let px, y denote the sample value located at (x, y) . The filtering process for luma samples can be expressed as: where denotes the filtered value, BD denotes the bit depth of samples, hi and vi denote the horizontal offset relative to x and the vertical offset relative to y, respectively, as defined in Table 1. Table 1: The values of hi and vi for i=0, 1, …, 11
[0077] For each coding tree unit (CTU) in luma component, up to 25 sets of filter coefficients can be selected from the online derived coefficient sets or the offline trained coefficient sets. When performing filtering, a 2D Laplacian activity is calculated based on the sample distribution to determine which set of filter coefficients to use. Fig. 5A to Fig. 5D illustrate 4 permutation types for a 7x7 filter, including origin, 90° rotation, vertical flipping, and diagonal flipping. The coefficients of the set can also be further permutated in 4 types according to the sample directionality, as shown in Fig. 5A to Fig. 5D. In the following, we denote the index of the selected set as filtIdx and the index of the permutation type as permIdx. In VVC, to reduce computational complexity, each 4x4 sample block uses the same filtIdx and permIdx.
[0078] For chroma component, samples in a CTU use the same set selected from the online derived coefficient sets, and no permutation of the coefficients is performed. 2.2. Adaptive Loop Filter beyond VVC
[0079] In the exploration for the next-generation standard beyond H. 266 / VVC, the performance of ALF has been further improved. For instance, the shape of luma filtering has been increased from 7x7 to 9x9 and 13x13, and more complicated filter set selection methods and more offline trained fixed filters have been applied. Chroma filtering has also introduced offline trained fixed filters similar to luma. 3. Problems
[0080] For luma component in VVC, ALF is implemented in blocks of 4x4 samples. The filter coefficients of each block are loaded and permutated according to filtIdx and permIdx, respectively. As many blocks may share the same filtIdx and permIdx, the permutation for the coefficients leads to a waste of computation.
[0081] Meanwhile, some samples are repeatedly used for filtering. One example is shown in Fig. 5. In the example of Fig. 5, different slashed areas indicate samples used for filtering sample (0, 0) (referred to as p0, 0) , sample (1, 0) (referred to as p0, 1) , and both p0, 0 and p0, 1 for a 7x7 filter. These samples don’t need to be loaded twice or even more.
[0082] The filtering offset calculation in Equation (1) is a complicated process. By utilizing symmetry of filter coefficients, there are as many as n multiplications, n additions, and 2n subtractions needed for filtering 1 sample, where n is the number of coefficients. 4. Detailed solutions
[0083] The detailed embodiments below should be considered as examples to explain general concepts. These embodiments can be used alone or combined in any manner.Related to simplification of sample loading.
[0084] Suppose the size of diamond shape filter is N×N (N is an odd integer, for example 5, 7, or 9) . Note that the filter of other sizes or other shapes can always be padded as a diamond shaped N×N filter, so the present embodiments can also be applied. 1. It is proposed that the samples used for filtering px, y are divided into N groups. A group consists of samples located on the same diagonal line from upper-right to lower-left of the diamond shape filter, as depicted in Figure 4 for N=7. The N groups from top to bottom are denoted as G0, G1, …, GN-1, respectively. The filtering calculation for a few samples can utilize the samples in these groups without duplicated loading. Fig. 7 illustrates samples used for filtering are divided into 7 groups for a 7x7 filter. The center block represents sample (x, y) . a) In one example, all samples in G0, G1, G2, …, GN-1 are used for filtering px, y. b) In one example, all samples in G1, G3, G5, …, GN-2and partial samples in G2, G4, G6, …, GN-1 are used for filtering px+1, y and px, y+1. c) In one example, all samples in G2, G3, G4, …, GN-1 are used for filtering px+1, y+1. d) Alternatively, furthermore, samples used for filtering px+1, y consist of samples from these N groups and some newly loaded samples. These samples are divided into another N groups in the same manner, which can be utilized for filtering px+2, y and so on. Recursively, the proposed method can be applied to filter all samples. 2. Alternatively, the aforementioned direction of from upper-right to lower-left can be other diagonal direc- tions, e.g., from upper-left to lower-right.Related to improvement of computational efficiency. 3. It is proposed to move the substructions of px, y in Equation 1 of Section 2.1 out of the sum loop, as shown in Equation 3. The sum of fi can be calculated once the filter coefficient set is determined and here consid-ered as a constant number. 4. It is proposed to calculate multiplication and separately, with 8-bit integer precision for bit depth BD=8. It is proposed to accumulate multiplication results with 16-bit integer pre-cision. a) In one example, the proposed methods are applicable when the sum of the absolute value of fi is less than 128. b) In one example, the proposed method uses the 16-bit saturated addition (i.e., the addition result is limited to the 16-bit signed integer range) when accumulating the multiplication results. 5. It is proposed that the data level parallel instruction can be used to filter multiple samples at one time. a) In one example, single instruction multiple data (SIMD) instructions in common CPUs support 8-bit production / dot-production and 16-bit accumulations. b) Alternatively, some other hardware processors such as DSP or GPU can also support using data level parallel instructions.Related to simplification of filter coefficients permutation.
[0085] Suppose the number of permutation types is k, permIdx shall be in [0, k-1] . 6. It is proposed that the filter coefficients can be permutated before the filtering process, and then the results are directly used for filtering. a) In one example, once the sets of filter coefficients used by the current CTU are determined, permuta- tions depicted in Figure 2 of Section 2.1 are performed for each set. For coefficients set whose filtIdx =i, the permutated coefficients whose permutation type permIdx =j are placed at the (i×k+j) th buffer. When filtering a block in CTU, the permutated coefficients are directly loaded from the buffer of (filtIdx ×k+ permIdx) . b) In one example, the proposed methods are applicable only when k is greater than a certain number (e.g., k>1) . c) In one example, the proposed methods are applicable only when k is less than a certain number.
[0086] Further embodiments will be described with respect to Fig. 8, which illustrates a flowchart of a method 800 for video processing in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. The method 800 is implemented during a conversion between a video unit of a video and a bitstream of the video.
[0087] At block 810, for a conversion between a current video unit of a video and a bitstream of the video, it is determined that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for the current video unit. For example, the non-linear filtering operation may be ALF operation or ALF process.
[0088] At block 820, a plurality of samples for filtering a first sample of the current video unit are divided into a plurality of groups of samples such as N groups of samples, N being a positive interger. The first sample may be p (x, y) . For example, the dividing of the samples may be based on locations of these samples. As used herein, the term “sample” may be referred to as a “sample value” . The plurality of groups may be seven groups, fifth groups, nine groups or other odd number of groups. The number of groups N may be based on a size of a diamond shape filter. For example, the size of the diamond shape filter may be N×N.
[0089] At block 830, the non-linear filtering operation is applied to the current video unit such as samples or sample values of the current video unit. For example, applying the non-linear filtering operation to the first sample is based on at least partial samples in the plurality of groups of samples.
[0090] At block 840, the conversion is performed based on the applying. In some embodiments, the conversion may include encoding the current video unit into the bitstream. Alternatively, or in addition, in some embodiments, the conversion may include decoding the current video unit from the bitstream.
[0091] The method 800 enables dividing samples for filtering into different groups. The non-linear filtering operation may be applied using samples in these groups. The sample loading for the non-linear filtering operation may thus be simplified. The non-linear filtering operation performance such as ALF performance may be improved. The coding performance and coding efficiency can thus be improved.
[0092] In some embodiments, dividing the plurality of samples into the plurality of groups of samples comprises: dividing the plurality of samples into the plurality of groups of samples based on a plurality of diagonal lines, a group of samples being located on a respective diagonal line of the plurality of diagonal lines. In an example, the plurality of diagonal lines are from upper-right to lower-left of a diamond shape region for the non-linear filtering operations. For example, as shown in Fig. 7, samples 701, 702, 703 and 704 along a first diagonal line from upper-right to lower-left are grouped in a first group G0. Samples 711, 712 and 713 along a second diagonal line from upper-right to lower-left are grouped in a second group G1. The second group G2, the fourth group G3, the fifth group G4, the sixth group G5 and the seventh group G6 are constructed in a similar manner. It is to be understood that the dividing the samples into groups may be based on other rule. For example, the plurality of samples may be divided into the plurality of groups of samples based on a plurality of diagonal lines from upper-left to lower-right of the diamond shape region.
[0093] In some embodiments, all samples in the plurality of groups of samples are used for filtering the first sample. For example, all samples in G0, G1, G2, …, GN-1 are used for filtering px, y.
[0094] In some embodiments, for a second sample adjacent to the first sample, all samples in at least one first group of the plurality of groups and partial samples in at least one second group of the plurality of groups are used for filtering the second sample. The at least one first group may be groups with odd indexes, and the at least one second group may be groups with even indexes. Indexes may be assigned to the plurality of groups of samples based on respective diagonal lines corresponding to the plurality of groups of samples. For example, all samples in G1, G3, G5, …, GN-2 and partial samples in G2,G4, G6, …, GN-1 are used for filtering px+1, y and px, y+1.
[0095] In some embodiments, for a third sample below and right to first sample such as px+1, y+1, samples in at least one third group of the plurality of groups are used for filtering the third sample. The at least one third group comprises groups with indexes greater than a threshold such as 1. For example, all samples in G2, G3, G4, …, GN-1 are used for filtering px+1, y+1.
[0096] In some embodiments, for a second sample adjacent to the first sample, a plurality of further groups of samples are divided from further samples for filtering the second sample. For example, samples used for filtering px+1, y consist of samples from these N groups and some newly loaded samples. These samples are divided into another N groups in the same manner, which may be utilized for filtering px+2, y and so on. Recursively, the proposed method 800 may be applied to filter all samples.
[0097] In some embodiments, some samples are repeatedly used for filtering. For examples, some samples are used for filtering sample (0, 0) (referred to as p0, 0) , sample (1, 0) (referred to as p0, 1) , and both p0, 0 and p0, 1 for a 7x7 filter. Using the divided groups of samples, these samples don’ t need to be loaded twice or even more.
[0098] According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium is provided. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium stores a bitstream of a video which is generated by a method performed by an apparatus for video processing. In the method, it is that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video. A plurality of samples for filtering a first sample of the current video unit are divided into a plurality of groups of samples. The non-linear filtering operation is applied to the current video unit. Applying the non-linear filtering operation to the first sample is based on at least partial samples in the plurality of groups of samples. The bitstream is generated based on the applying of the non-linear filtering operation.
[0099] According to still further embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for storing bitstream of a video is provided. In the method, it is that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video. A plurality of samples for filtering a first sample of the current video unit are divided into a plurality of groups of samples. The non-linear filtering operation is applied to the current video unit. Applying the non-linear filtering operation to the first sample is based on at least partial samples in the plurality of groups of samples. The bitstream is generated based on the applying of the non-linear filtering operation. The bitstream is stored in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium.
[0100] Fig. 9 illustrates a flowchart of a method 900 for video processing in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. The method 900 is implemented during a conversion between a video unit of a video and a bitstream of the video.
[0101] At block 910, for a conversion between a current video unit of a video and a bitstream of the video, it is determined that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for the current video unit. For example, the non-linear filtering operation may be ALF operation or ALF process.
[0102] At block 920, the non-linear filtering operation is applied to at least one sample of the current video unit. For example, the non-linear filtering operation includes: determining offset information of a sample value by Equation (3) : and determining a filtered sample value based on the sample value and the offset information, where off denotes the offset information, px, y denotes the sample value at a location (x, y) , fi denotes a filter coefficient, hi denotes a horizontal offset relative to x, and vi denotes a vertical offset relative to y, i being an integer greater than or equal to zero and less than a threshold. For example, the threshold may be 12.
[0103] At block 930, the conversion is performed based on the applying. In some embodiments, the conversion may include encoding the current video unit into the bitstream. Alternatively, or in addition, in some embodiments, the conversion may include decoding the current video unit from the bitstream.
[0104] The method 900 enables simplifying the Equation (1) for the non-linear filtering operation such as ALF by using Equation (3) . The non-linear filtering operation performance such as ALF performance may be improved. For example, the computational efficiency may be improved. The coding performance and coding efficiency can thus be improved.
[0105] In some embodiments, the filtered sample value may be determined by: where denotes the filtered sample value and BD denotes a bit depth of the sample value.
[0106] In some embodiments, the horizontal offset and the vertical offset are predefined. For example, the horizontal offset and the vertical offset may be predefined in Table 1.
[0107] In some embodiments, at least one multiplication operation for the non-linear filtering operation is with 8-bit integer precision for bit depth being eight, and at least one multiplication result is accumulated with 16-bit integer precision. For example, the at least one multiplication operation comprises and / or That is, multiplication and may be calculated separately, with 8-bit integer precision for bit depth BD=8. It is proposed to accumulate multiplication results with 16-bit integer precision.
[0108] In some embodiments, a sum of absolute values of filter coefficients of the non-linear filtering operation is less than a threshold value, such as 128.
[0109] In some embodiments, a 16-bit saturated addition is applied for accumulating the at least one multiplication result, and a result of the accumulating is within a 16-biy signed integer range.
[0110] In some embodiments, a data level parallel instruction is used for applying the non-linear filtering operation to a plurality of samples at a time. In an example, the data level parallel instruction comprises a single instruction multiple data (SIMD) instruction in a common central processing unit, and the data level parallel instruction supports at least one of: 8-bit production, dot-production, or 16-bit accumulation.
[0111] In some embodiments, the data level parallel instruction is supported by at least one hardware processor, the at least one hardware processor comprising at least one of: a digital signal processor (DSP) , or a graphic processing unit (GPU) .
[0112] According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium is provided. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium stores a bitstream of a video which is generated by a method performed by an apparatus for video processing. In the method, it is that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video. The non-linear filtering operation is applied to at least one sample of the current video unit. For example, the non-linear filtering operation comprises: determining offset information of a sample value by: and determining a filtered sample value based on the sample value and the offset information, where off denotes the offset information, px, y denotes the sample value at a location (x, y) , fi denotes a filter coefficient, hi denotes a horizontal offset relative to x, and vi denotes a vertical offset relative to y, i being an integer greater than or equal to zero and less than a threshold. The bitstream is generated based on the applying of the non-linear filtering operation.
[0113] According to still further embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for storing bitstream of a video is provided. In the method, it is that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video. The non-linear filtering operation is applied to at least one sample of the current video unit. For example, the non-linear filtering operation comprises: determining offset information of a sample value by: and determining a filtered sample value based on the sample value and the offset information, where off denotes the offset information, px, y denotes the sample value at a location (x, y) , fi denotes a filter coefficient, hi denotes a horizontal offset relative to x, and vi denotes a vertical offset relative to y, i being an integer greater than or equal to zero and less than a threshold. The bitstream is generated based on the applying of the non-linear filtering operation. The bitstream is stored in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium.
[0114] Fig. 10 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1000 for video processing in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. The method 1000 is implemented during a conversion between a video unit of a video and a bitstream of the video.
[0115] At block 1010, for a conversion between a current video unit of a video and a bitstream of the video, it is determined that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for the current video unit. For example, the non-linear filtering operation may be ALF operation or ALF process.
[0116] At block 1020, at least one type of permutation is performed for a plurality of sets of filter coefficients of the non-linear filtering operation to obtain a plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients. For example, the permutation may be one of permutations described with respect to Fig. 5A to Fig. 5D, or any other suitable type of permutation.
[0117] At block 1030, a set of permutated filter coefficients are obtained from the plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients based on a filter index and a permutation type.
[0118] At block 1040, the non-linear filtering operation is applied to at least one sample of the current video unit based on the obtained set of permutated filter coefficients.
[0119] At block 1050, the conversion is performed based on the applying of the non-linear filtering operation. In some embodiments, the conversion may include encoding the current video unit into the bitstream. Alternatively, or in addition, in some embodiments, the conversion may include decoding the current video unit from the bitstream.
[0120] The method 1000 enables permutating sets of filter coefficients before applying the non-linear filtering operation. The permutated filter coefficients may be stored in a buffer and may be obtained and used directly. The filter coefficients permutation may thus be simplified. The non-linear filtering operation performance such as ALF performance may be improved. The coding performance and coding efficiency can thus be improved.
[0121] In some embodiments, the plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients are stored in a buffer based on respective filter indexes and respective permutation types. In some embodiments, a candidate set of permutated filter coefficients with a filter index i and a permutation type j is stored in the buffer with an order of (i×k+j) , k being the number of permutation types. For example, once the sets of filter coefficients used by the current CTU are determined, permutations depicted in Fig. 5A to Fig. 5D are performed for each set. For coefficients set whose filtIdx =i, the permutated coefficients whose permutation type permIdx =j are placed at the (i×k+j) th buffer.
[0122] In some embodiments, obtaining the set of permutated filter coefficients comprises: for a block in the current video unit (such as a coding tree unit) , obtaining the filter index and the permutation type for the block; and loading the set of permutated filter coefficients from the buffer based on the filter index, the number of permutated types and the permutation type. For example, when filtering a block in CTU, the permutated coefficients are directly loaded from the buffer of (filtIdx ×k+ permIdx) .
[0123] In some embodiments, for luma component in VVC, ALF is implemented in blocks of 4x4 samples. The filter coefficients of each block may be loaded from the buffer based on filtIdx and permId. As many blocks may share the same filtIdx and permIdx, obtaining or loading the permutated filter coefficients from the buffer may reduce computation. For example, the permutation for the filter coefficients may be performed once, and the permutated filter coefficients may be loaded and used by multiple samples. The computation may thus be reduced.
[0124] In some embodiments, the at least one type of permutation is performed based on the number of permutated types being greater than a threshold number. In one example, the proposed methods are applicable only when k is greater than a certain number (e.g., k>1) .
[0125] In some embodiments, the at least one type of permutation is performed based on the number of permutated types being less than a threshold number. In one example, the proposed methods are applicable only when k is less than a certain number.
[0126] According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium is provided. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium stores a bitstream of a video which is generated by a method performed by an apparatus for video processing. In the method, it is that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video. At least one type of permutation is performed for a plurality of sets of filter coefficients of the non-linear filtering operation to obtain a plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients. A set of permutated filter coefficients are obtained from the plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients based on a filter index and a permutation type. The non-linear filtering operation is applied to at least one sample of the current video unit based on the obtained set of permutated filter coefficients. The bitstream is generated based on the applying of the non-linear filtering operation.
[0127] According to still further embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for storing bitstream of a video is provided. In the method, it is that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video. At least one type of permutation is performed for a plurality of sets of filter coefficients of the non-linear filtering operation to obtain a plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients. A set of permutated filter coefficients are obtained from the plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients based on a filter index and a permutation type. The non-linear filtering operation is applied to at least one sample of the current video unit based on the obtained set of permutated filter coefficients. The bitstream is generated based on the applying of the non-linear filtering operation. The bitstream is stored in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium.
[0128] It is to be understood that the method 800, the method 900 and / or the method 1000 may be performed separately, or in any combination. For example, the Equation (3) in the method 900 may use the filter coefficients obtained using the permutation in the method 1000. For another example, the calculation in the method 900 may use groups of samples divided using the method 800. Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited here.
[0129] Implementations of the present disclosure can be described in view of the following clauses, the features of which can be combined in any reasonable manner.
[0130] Clause 1. A method for video processing, comprising: determining, for a conversion between a current video unit of a video and a bitstream of the video, that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for the current video unit; dividing a plurality of samples for filtering a first sample of the current video unit into a plurality of groups of samples; applying the non-linear filtering operation to the current video unit, wherein applying the non-linear filtering operation to the first sample is based on at least partial samples in the plurality of groups of samples; and performing the conversion based on the applying.
[0131] Clause 2. The method of clause 1, wherein dividing the plurality of samples into the plurality of groups of samples comprises: dividing the plurality of samples into the plurality of groups of samples based on a plurality of diagonal lines, a group of samples being located on a respective diagonal line of the plurality of diagonal lines.
[0132] Clause 3. The method of clause 2, wherein the plurality of diagonal lines are from upper-right to lower-left of a diamond shape region for the non-linear filtering operation, or wherein the plurality of diagonal lines are from upper-left to lower-right of the diamond shape region for the non-linear filtering operation.
[0133] Clause 4. The method of any of clauses 1 to 3, wherein the plurality of groups of samples comprises seven groups of samples.
[0134] Clause 5. The method of any of clauses 1 to 4, wherein all samples in the plurality of groups of samples are used for filtering the first sample.
[0135] Clause 6. The method of any of clauses 1 to 5, wherein for a second sample adjacent to the first sample, all samples in at least one first group of the plurality of groups and partial samples in at least one second group of the plurality of groups are used for filtering the second sample.
[0136] Clause 7. The method of clause 6, wherein the at least one first group comprises groups with odd indexes, and the at least one second group comprises groups with even indexes, indexes being assigned to the plurality of groups of samples based on respective diagonal lines corresponding to the plurality of groups of samples.
[0137] Clause 8. The method of any of clauses 1 to 7, wherein for a third sample below and right to first sample, samples in at least one third group of the plurality of groups are used for filtering the third sample.
[0138] Clause 9. The method of clause 8, wherein the at least one third group comprises groups with indexes greater than a threshold.
[0139] Clause 10. The method of any of clauses 1 to 5, wherein for a second sample adjacent to the first sample, a plurality of further groups of samples are divided from further samples for filtering the second sample.
[0140] Clause 11. The method of any of clauses 1 to 10, wherein the non-linear filtering operation comprises an adaptive loop filter (ALF) operation.
[0141] Clause 12. A method for video processing, comprising: determining, for a conversion between a current video unit of a video and a bitstream of the video, that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for the current video unit; applying the non-linear filtering operation to at least one sample of the current video unit; and performing the conversion based on the applying, wherein the non-linear filtering operation comprises: determining offset information of a sample value by: determining offset information of a sample value by: and determining a filtered sample value based on the sample value and the offset information, wherein off denotes the offset information, px, y denotes the sample value at a location (x, y) , fi denotes a filter coefficient, hi denotes a horizontal offset relative to x, and vi denotes a vertical offset relative to y, i being an integer greater than or equal to zero and less than a threshold.
[0142] Clause 13. The method of clause 12, wherein the filtered sample value is determined by: wherein denotes the filtered sample value and BD denotes a bit depth of the sample value.
[0143] Clause 14. The method of clause 12 or 13, wherein the threshold is 12.
[0144] Clause 15. The method of any of clauses 12 to 14, wherein the horizontal offset and the vertical offset are predefined.
[0145] Clause 16. The method of any of clauses 12 to 15, wherein at least one multiplication operation for the non-linear filtering operation is with 8-bit integer precision for bit depth being eight, and at least one multiplication result is accumulated with 16-bit integer precision.
[0146] Clause 17. The method of clause 16, wherein the at least one multiplication operation comprises at least one of: of: or
[0147] Clause 18. The method of clause 16 or 17, wherein a sum of absolute values of filter coefficients of the non-linear filtering operation is less than a threshold value.
[0148] Clause 19. The method of clause 18, wherein the threshold value is 128.
[0149] Clause 20. The method of any of clauses 16 to 19, wherein a 16-bit saturated addition is applied for accumulating the at least one multiplication result, and a result of the accumulating is within a 16-biy signed integer range.
[0150] Clause 21. The method of any of clauses 16 to 20, wherein a data level parallel instruction is used for applying the non-linear filtering operation to a plurality of samples at a time.
[0151] Clause 22. The method of clause 21, wherein the data level parallel instruction comprises a single instruction multiple data (SIMD) instruction in a common central processing unit, and the data level parallel instruction supports at least one of: 8-bit production, dot-production, or 16-bit accumulation.
[0152] Clause 23. The method of clause 21, wherein the data level parallel instruction is supported by at least one hardware processor, the at least one hardware processor comprising at least one of: a digital signal processor (DSP) , or a graphic processing unit (GPU) .
[0153] Clause 24. The method of any of clauses 12 to 23, wherein the non-linear filtering operation comprises an adaptive loop filter (ALF) operation.
[0154] Clause 25. A method for video processing, comprising: determining, for a conversion between a current video unit of a video and a bitstream of the video, that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for the current video unit; performing at least one type of permutation for a plurality of sets of filter coefficients of the non-linear filtering operation to obtain a plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients; obtaining a set of permutated filter coefficients from the plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients based on a filter index and a permutation type; and applying the non-linear filtering operation to at least one sample of the current video unit based on the obtained set of permutated filter coefficients; and performing the conversion based on the applying of the non-linear filtering operation.
[0155] Clause 26. The method of clause 25, wherein the plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients are stored in a buffer based on respective filter indexes and respective permutation types.
[0156] Clause 27. The method of clause 26, wherein a candidate set of permutated filter coefficients with a filter index i and a permutation type j is stored in the buffer with an order of (i×k+j) , k being the number of permutation types.
[0157] Clause 28. The method of clause 26 or 27, wherein obtaining the set of permutated filter coefficients comprises: for a block in the current video unit, obtaining the filter index and the permutation type for the block, the current video unit comprising a coding tree unit; loading the set of permutated filter coefficients from the buffer based on the filter index, the number of permutated types and the permutation type.
[0158] Clause 29. The method of any of clauses 26 to 28, wherein the at least one type of permutation is performed based on the number of permutated types being greater than a threshold number.
[0159] Clause 30. The method of any of clauses 26 to 28, wherein the at least one type of permutation is performed based on the number of permutated types being less than a threshold number.
[0160] Clause 31. The method of any of clauses 25 to 30, wherein the non-linear filtering operation comprises an adaptive loop filter (ALF) operation.
[0161] Clause 32. The method of any of clauses 1-31, wherein the conversion comprises encoding the current video unit into the bitstream.
[0162] Clause 33. The method of any of clauses 1-31, wherein the conversion comprises decoding the current video unit from the bitstream.
[0163] Clause 34. An apparatus for video processing comprising a processor and a non-transitory memory with instructions thereon, wherein the instructions upon execution by the processor, cause the processor to perform a method in accordance with any of clauses 1-33.
[0164] Clause 35. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that cause a processor to perform a method in accordance with any of clauses 1-33.
[0165] Clause 36. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing a bitstream of a video which is generated by a method performed by an apparatus for video processing, wherein the method comprises: determining that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video; dividing a plurality of samples for filtering a first sample of the current video unit into a plurality of groups of samples; applying the non-linear filtering operation to the current video unit, where applying the non-linear filtering operation to the first sample is based on at least partial samples in the plurality of groups of samples; and generating the bitstream based on the applying.
[0166] Clause 37. A method for storing a bitstream of a video, comprising: determining that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video; dividing a plurality of samples for filtering a first sample of the current video unit into a plurality of groups of samples; applying the non-linear filtering operation to the current video unit, where applying the non-linear filtering operation to the first sample is based on at least partial samples in the plurality of groups of samples; generating the bitstream based on the applying; and storing the bitstream in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium.
[0167] Clause 38. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing a bitstream of a video which is generated by a method performed by an apparatus for video processing, wherein the method comprises: determining that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video; applying the non-linear filtering operation to at least one sample of the current video unit; and generating the bitstream based on the applying, where the non-linear filtering operation comprises: determining offset information of a sample value by: and determining a filtered sample value based on the sample value and the offset information, where off denotes the offset information, px, y denotes the sample value at a location (x, y) , fi denotes a filter coefficient, hi denotes a horizontal offset relative to x, and vi denotes a vertical offset relative to y, i being an integer greater than or equal to zero and less than a threshold.
[0168] Clause 39. A method for storing a bitstream of a video, comprising: determining that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video; applying the non-linear filtering operation to at least one sample of the current video unit; generating the bitstream based on the applying; and storing the bitstream in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium, where the non-linear filtering operation comprises: determining offset information of a sample value by: and determining a filtered sample value based on the sample value and the offset information, where off denotes the offset information, px, y denotes the sample value at a location (x, y) , fi denotes a filter coefficient, hi denotes a horizontal offset relative to x, and vi denotes a vertical offset relative to y, i being an integer greater than or equal to zero and less than a threshold.
[0169] Clause 40. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing a bitstream of a video which is generated by a method performed by an apparatus for video processing, wherein the method comprises: determining that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video; performing at least one type of permutation for a plurality of sets of filter coefficients of the non-linear filtering operation to obtain a plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients; obtaining a set of permutated filter coefficients from the plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients based on a filter index and a permutation type; applying the non-linear filtering operation to at least one sample of the current video unit based on the obtained set of permutated filter coefficients; and generating the bitstream based on the applying of the non-linear filtering operation.
[0170] Clause 41. A method for storing a bitstream of a video, comprising: determining that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video; performing at least one type of permutation for a plurality of sets of filter coefficients of the non-linear filtering operation to obtain a plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients; obtaining a set of permutated filter coefficients from the plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients based on a filter index and a permutation type; applying the non-linear filtering operation to at least one sample of the current video unit based on the obtained set of permutated filter coefficients; generating the bitstream based on the applying of the non-linear filtering operation; and storing the bitstream in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium. Example Device
[0171] Fig. 11 illustrates a block diagram of a computing device 1100 in which various embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. The computing device 1100 may be implemented as or included in the source device 110 (or the video encoder 114 or 200) or the destination device 120 (or the video decoder 124 or 300) .
[0172] It would be appreciated that the computing device 1100 shown in Fig. 11 is merely for purpose of illustration, without suggesting any limitation to the functions and scopes of the embodiments of the present disclosure in any manner.
[0173] As shown in Fig. 11, the computing device 1100 includes a general-purpose computing device 1100. The computing device 1100 may at least comprise one or more processors or processing units 1110, a memory 1120, a storage unit 1130, one or more communication units 1140, one or more input devices 1150, and one or more output devices 1160.
[0174] In some embodiments, the computing device 1100 may be implemented as any user terminal or server terminal having the computing capability. The server terminal may be a server, a large-scale computing device or the like that is provided by a service provider. The user terminal may for example be any type of mobile terminal, fixed terminal, or portable terminal, including a mobile phone, station, unit, device, multimedia computer, multimedia tablet, Internet node, communicator, desktop computer, laptop computer, notebook computer, netbook computer, tablet computer, personal communication system (PCS) device, personal navigation device, personal digital assistant (PDA) , audio / video player, digital camera / video camera, positioning device, television receiver, radio broadcast receiver, E-book device, gaming device, or any combination thereof, including the accessories and peripherals of these devices, or any combination thereof. It would be contemplated that the computing device 1100 can support any type of interface to a user (such as “wearable” circuitry and the like) .
[0175] The processing unit 1110 may be a physical or virtual processor and can implement various processes based on programs stored in the memory 1120. In a multi-processor system, multiple processing units execute computer executable instructions in parallel so as to improve the parallel processing capability of the computing device 1100. The processing unit 1110 may also be referred to as a central processing unit (CPU) , a microprocessor, a controller or a microcontroller.
[0176] The computing device 1100 typically includes various computer storage medium. Such medium can be any medium accessible by the computing device 1100, including, but not limited to, volatile and non-volatile medium, or detachable and non-detachable medium. The memory 1120 can be a volatile memory (for example, a register, cache, Random Access Memory (RAM) ) , a non-volatile memory (such as a Read-Only Memory (ROM) , Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM) , or a flash memory) , or any combination thereof. The storage unit 1130 may be any detachable or non-detachable medium and may include a machine-readable medium such as a memory, flash memory drive, magnetic disk or another other media, which can be used for storing information and / or data and can be accessed in the computing device 1100.
[0177] The computing device 1100 may further include additional detachable / non-detachable, volatile / non-volatile memory medium. Although not shown in Fig. 11, it is possible to provide a magnetic disk drive for reading from and / or writing into a detachable and non-volatile magnetic disk and an optical disk drive for reading from and / or writing into a detachable non-volatile optical disk. In such cases, each drive may be connected to a bus (not shown) via one or more data medium interfaces.
[0178] The communication unit 1140 communicates with a further computing device via the communication medium. In addition, the functions of the components in the computing device 1100 can be implemented by a single computing cluster or multiple computing machines that can communicate via communication connections. Therefore, the computing device 1100 can operate in a networked environment using a logical connection with one or more other servers, networked personal computers (PCs) or further general network nodes.
[0179] The input device 1150 may be one or more of a variety of input devices, such as a mouse, keyboard, tracking ball, voice-input device, and the like. The output device 1160 may be one or more of a variety of output devices, such as a display, loudspeaker, printer, and the like. By means of the communication unit 1140, the computing device 1100 can further communicate with one or more external devices (not shown) such as the storage devices and display device, with one or more devices enabling the user to interact with the computing device 1100, or any devices (such as a network card, a modem and the like) enabling the computing device 1100 to communicate with one or more other computing devices, if required. Such communication can be performed via input / output (I / O) interfaces (not shown) .
[0180] In some embodiments, instead of being integrated in a single device, some or all components of the computing device 1100 may also be arranged in cloud computing architecture. In the cloud computing architecture, the components may be provided remotely and work together to implement the functionalities described in the present disclosure. In some embodiments, cloud computing provides computing, software, data access and storage service, which will not require end users to be aware of the physical locations or configurations of the systems or hardware providing these services. In various embodiments, the cloud computing provides the services via a wide area network (such as Internet) using suitable protocols. For example, a cloud computing provider provides applications over the wide area network, which can be accessed through a web browser or any other computing components. The software or components of the cloud computing architecture and corresponding data may be stored on a server at a remote position. The computing resources in the cloud computing environment may be merged or distributed at locations in a remote data center. Cloud computing infrastructures may provide the services through a shared data center, though they behave as a single access point for the users. Therefore, the cloud computing architectures may be used to provide the components and functionalities described herein from a service provider at a remote location. Alternatively, they may be provided from a conventional server or installed directly or otherwise on a client device.
[0181] The computing device 1100 may be used to implement video encoding / decoding in embodiments of the present disclosure. The memory 1120 may include one or more video coding modules 1125 having one or more program instructions. These modules are accessible and executable by the processing unit 1110 to perform the functionalities of the various embodiments described herein.
[0182] In the example embodiments of performing video encoding, the input device 1150 may receive video data as an input 1170 to be encoded. The video data may be processed, for example, by the video coding module 1125, to generate an encoded bitstream. The encoded bitstream may be provided via the output device 1160 as an output 1180.
[0183] In the example embodiments of performing video decoding, the input device 1150 may receive an encoded bitstream as the input 1170. The encoded bitstream may be processed, for example, by the video coding module 1125, to generate decoded video data. The decoded video data may be provided via the output device 1160 as the output 1180.
[0184] While this disclosure has been particularly shown and described with references to example embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application as defined by the appended claims. Such variations are intended to be covered by the scope of this present application. As such, the foregoing description of embodiments of the present application is not intended to be limiting.
Claims
A method for video processing, comprising:determining, for a conversion between a current video unit of a video and a bitstream of the video, that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for the current video unit;dividing a plurality of samples for filtering a first sample of the current video unit into a plurality of groups of samples;applying the non-linear filtering operation to the current video unit, wherein applying the non-linear filtering operation to the first sample is based on at least partial samples in the plurality of groups of samples; andperforming the conversion based on the applying.The method of claim 1, wherein dividing the plurality of samples into the plurality of groups of samples comprises:dividing the plurality of samples into the plurality of groups of samples based on a plurality of diagonal lines, a group of samples being located on a respective diagonal line of the plurality of diagonal lines.The method of claim 2, wherein the plurality of diagonal lines are from upper-right to lower-left of a diamond shape region for the non-linear filtering operation, orwherein the plurality of diagonal lines are from upper-left to lower-right of the diamond shape region for the non-linear filtering operation.The method of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the plurality of groups of samples comprises seven groups of samples.The method of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein all samples in the plurality of groups of samples are used for filtering the first sample.The method of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein for a second sample adjacent to the first sample, all samples in at least one first group of the plurality of groups and partial samples in at least one second group of the plurality of groups are used for filtering the second sample.The method of claim 6, wherein the at least one first group comprises groups with odd indexes, and the at least one second group comprises groups with even indexes, indexes being assigned to the plurality of groups of samples based on respective diagonal lines corresponding to the plurality of groups of samples.The method of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein for a third sample below and right to first sample, samples in at least one third group of the plurality of groups are used for filtering the third sample.The method of claim 8, wherein the at least one third group comprises groups with indexes greater than a threshold.The method of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein for a second sample adjacent to the first sample, a plurality of further groups of samples are divided from further samples for filtering the second sample.The method of any of claims 1 to 10, wherein the non-linear filtering operation comprises an adaptive loop filter (ALF) operation.A method for video processing, comprising:determining, for a conversion between a current video unit of a video and a bitstream of the video, that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for the current video unit;applying the non-linear filtering operation to at least one sample of the current video unit; andperforming the conversion based on the applying,wherein the non-linear filtering operation comprises:determining offset information of a sample value by: anddetermining a filtered sample value based on the sample value and the offset information,wherein off denotes the offset information, px, y denotes the sample value at a location (x, y) , fi denotes a filter coefficient, hi denotes a horizontal offset relative to x, and vi denotes a vertical offset relative to y, i being an integer greater than or equal to zero and less than a threshold.The method of claim 12, wherein the filtered sample value is determined by: whereindenotes the filtered sample value and BD denotes a bit depth of the sample value.The method of claim 12 or 13, wherein the threshold is 12.The method of any of claims 12 to 14, wherein the horizontal offset and the vertical offset are predefined.The method of any of claims 12 to 15, wherein at least one multiplication operation for the non-linear filtering operation is with 8-bit integer precision for bit depth being eight, and at least one multiplication result is accumulated with 16-bit integer precision.The method of claim 16, wherein the at least one multiplication operation comprises at least one of: orThe method of claim 16 or 17, wherein a sum of absolute values of filter coefficients of the non-linear filtering operation is less than a threshold value.The method of claim 18, wherein the threshold value is 128.The method of any of claims 16 to 19, wherein a 16-bit saturated addition is applied for accumulating the at least one multiplication result, and a result of the accumulating is within a 16-biy signed integer range.The method of any of claims 16 to 20, wherein a data level parallel instruction is used for applying the non-linear filtering operation to a plurality of samples at a time.The method of claim 21, wherein the data level parallel instruction comprises a single instruction multiple data (SIMD) instruction in a common central processing unit, and the data level parallel instruction supports at least one of: 8-bit production, dot-production, or 16-bit accumulation.The method of claim 21, wherein the data level parallel instruction is supported by at least one hardware processor, the at least one hardware processor comprising at least one of: a digital signal processor (DSP) , or a graphic processing unit (GPU) .The method of any of claims 12 to 23, wherein the non-linear filtering operation comprises an adaptive loop filter (ALF) operation.A method for video processing, comprising:determining, for a conversion between a current video unit of a video and a bitstream of the video, that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for the current video unit;performing at least one type of permutation for a plurality of sets of filter coefficients of the non-linear filtering operation to obtain a plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients;obtaining a set of permutated filter coefficients from the plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients based on a filter index and a permutation type;applying the non-linear filtering operation to at least one sample of the current video unit based on the obtained set of permutated filter coefficients; andperforming the conversion based on the applying of the non-linear filtering operation.The method of claim 25, wherein the plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients are stored in a buffer based on respective filter indexes and respective permutation types.The method of claim 26, wherein a candidate set of permutated filter coefficients with a filter index i and a permutation type j is stored in the buffer with an order of (i×k+j) , k being the number of permutation types.The method of claim 26 or 27, wherein obtaining the set of permutated filter coefficients comprises:for a block in the current video unit, obtaining the filter index and the permutation type for the block, the current video unit comprising a coding tree unit; andloading the set of permutated filter coefficients from the buffer based on the filter index, the number of permutated types and the permutation type.The method of any of claims 26 to 28, wherein the at least one type of permutation is performed based on the number of permutated types being greater than a threshold number.The method of any of claims 26 to 28, wherein the at least one type of permutation is performed based on the number of permutated types being less than a threshold number.The method of any of claims 25 to 30, wherein the non-linear filtering operation comprises an adaptive loop filter (ALF) operation.The method of any of claims 1-31, wherein the conversion comprises encoding the current video unit into the bitstream.The method of any of claims 1-31, wherein the conversion comprises decoding the current video unit from the bitstream.An apparatus for video processing comprising a processor and a non-transitory memory with instructions thereon, wherein the instructions upon execution by the processor, cause the processor to perform a method in accordance with any of claims 1-33.A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that cause a processor to perform a method in accordance with any of claims 1-33.A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing a bitstream of a video which is generated by a method performed by an apparatus for video processing, wherein the method comprises:determining that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video;dividing a plurality of samples for filtering a first sample of the current video unit into a plurality of groups of samples;applying the non-linear filtering operation to the current video unit, wherein applying the non-linear filtering operation to the first sample is based on at least partial samples in the plurality of groups of samples; andgenerating the bitstream based on the applying.A method for storing a bitstream of a video, comprising:determining that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video;dividing a plurality of samples for filtering a first sample of the current video unit into a plurality of groups of samples;applying the non-linear filtering operation to the current video unit, wherein applying the non-linear filtering operation to the first sample is based on at least partial samples in the plurality of groups of samples;generating the bitstream based on the applying; andstoring the bitstream in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium.A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing a bitstream of a video which is generated by a method performed by an apparatus for video processing, wherein the method comprises:determining that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video;applying the non-linear filtering operation to at least one sample of the current video unit; andgenerating the bitstream based on the applying,wherein the non-linear filtering operation comprises:determining offset information of a sample value by: anddetermining a filtered sample value based on the sample value and the offset information,wherein off denotes the offset information, px, y denotes the sample value at a location (x, y) , fi denotes a filter coefficient, hi denotes a horizontal offset relative to x, and vi denotes a vertical offset relative to y, i being an integer greater than or equal to zero and less than a threshold.A method for storing a bitstream of a video, comprising:determining that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video;applying the non-linear filtering operation to at least one sample of the current video unit;generating the bitstream based on the applying; andstoring the bitstream in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium,wherein the non-linear filtering operation comprises:determining offset information of a sample value by: anddetermining a filtered sample value based on the sample value and the offset information,wherein off denotes the offset information, px, y denotes the sample value at a location (x, y) , fi denotes a filter coefficient, hi denotes a horizontal offset relative to x, and vi denotes a vertical offset relative to y, i being an integer greater than or equal to zero and less than a threshold.A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing a bitstream of a video which is generated by a method performed by an apparatus for video processing, wherein the method comprises:determining that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video;performing at least one type of permutation for a plurality of sets of filter coefficients of the non-linear filtering operation to obtain a plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients;obtaining a set of permutated filter coefficients from the plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients based on a filter index and a permutation type;applying the non-linear filtering operation to at least one sample of the current video unit based on the obtained set of permutated filter coefficients; andgenerating the bitstream based on the applying of the non-linear filtering operation.A method for storing a bitstream of a video, comprising:determining that a non-linear filtering operation is applied for a current video unit of the video;performing at least one type of permutation for a plurality of sets of filter coefficients of the non-linear filtering operation to obtain a plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients;obtaining a set of permutated filter coefficients from the plurality of sets of permutated filter coefficients based on a filter index and a permutation type;applying the non-linear filtering operation to at least one sample of the current video unit based on the obtained set of permutated filter coefficients;generating the bitstream based on the applying of the non-linear filtering operation; andstoring the bitstream in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium.
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