Method executed by device, and device

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a method executed by a device, the method being characterized by comprising: receiving an R2D transmission carrying an A-IoT paging message; and executing a D2R transmission which carries an A-IoT message 1 and is triggered by the R2D transmission, wherein the chip overhead per bit corresponding to a PDRCH in the D2R transmission is at least partially determined on the basis of a chip repetition count which is randomly selected from a chip repetition count set and is used for the PDRCH.

Description

Method performed by device and device TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a method performed by a device and a device in a wireless communication system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a wireless communication system, different communication nodes (or simply nodes) can exchange information (e.g., voice, or data) with each other. Examples of communication nodes can include terminal nodes and network nodes, etc., where a terminal node can refer to a mobile terminal, or a wireless terminal, or a terminal device, or a mobile device, or a mobile station (MS), or a user equipment (UE), or simply a device; a network node can include a base station, etc.

[0003] Examples of wireless communication systems can include systems standardized by 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project), such as 4G systems based on LTE (Long-Term Evolution) radio access technology, or its evolution (e.g., a corresponding base station can be an eNB), or 5G systems based on NR (New Radio) radio access technology, or its evolution (e.g., a corresponding base station can be a gNB). In recent years, wireless communication technologies including LTE, NR, etc., have been widely applied to not only communications between people (or between devices operated or controlled by people), but also “machine-type communications” (MTC), i.e., providing network access services for “things” or “machines”, and, for example, forming an “Internet of Things” (IoT) based thereon.

[0004] Wireless communication systems need improvement in many aspects, for example, this can include some or all of the following at least in part: operation on licensed spectrum, operation on unlicensed spectrum, operation on paired spectrum, operation on unpaired spectrum, operation with shared spectrum channel access, operation without shared spectrum channel access, initial access, multiple access, random access, channel coding, line coding, generation, transmission and reception of physical layer channels and signals, transmission and reception based on some or all of unicast, groupcast, multicast, and broadcast, physical layer control information and signaling procedures (including, for example, synchronization procedures, scheduling mechanisms, and feedback mechanisms), frame structure, timing adjustment, timing relationship, transmission power control, signal measurement, higher layer control information and signaling procedures, allocation and management of resources, multi-carrier operation (including, for example, carrier aggregation and dual connectivity), multi-antenna transmission and reception, beam-based operation, priority-based operation, coordinated multipoint, relaying operation, mobility management, in-device coexistence, and interworking and coexistence between systems.

[0005] Prior Art Documents

[0006] Non-Patent Literature

[0007] Non-Patent Literature 1: RP-170379, Revision of SI: Study on New Radio Access Technology, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #75

[0008] Non-Patent Literature 2: RP-191971, Revised WID: New Radio Access Technology, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #85

[0009] NPL 3: RP-240826, Revised SID: Study on solutions for Ambient IoT (Internet of Things) in NR, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #103 SUMMARY

[0010] To solve at least part of the above problems, the present disclosure provides a method performed by a device and the device.

[0011] According to some aspects of the present disclosure, a method performed by a device is proposed, comprising: receiving a R2D transmission carrying an A-IoT paging message; and performing a D2R transmission carrying an A-IoT message 1 triggered by the R2D transmission; wherein a per-bit chip overhead of a PDRCH in the D2R transmission is determined at least partly according to a number of chip repetitions for the PDRCH randomly selected from a set of numbers of chip repetitions.

[0012] Further, according to some aspects of the present disclosure, a device is proposed, comprising: a processor; and a memory storing instructions which, when executed by the processor, perform the above-mentioned method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] The above and other features of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0014] FIG. 1 shows a flow chart corresponding to a method performed by a device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 2 shows a flow chart corresponding to a method performed by a device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG. 3 shows a flow chart corresponding to a method performed by a device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG. 4 shows a flow chart corresponding to a method performed by a device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 5 shows a flow chart corresponding to a method performed by a device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 6 shows a flow chart corresponding to a method performed by a device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 7 shows a block diagram of a device related to the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the present disclosure should not be limited to the specific embodiments described below. In addition, in order to facilitate, detailed descriptions of well-known technology that is not directly related to the present disclosure are omitted to prevent confusion in understanding the present disclosure.

[0022] The following describes in detail a plurality of embodiments according to the present disclosure, taking 5G wireless communication system specifications established by 3GPP and subsequent evolved versions thereof (e.g., 5G Advanced) as an example application environment. However, it should be noted that the present disclosure is not limited to the following embodiments, but can be applied to more other wireless communication systems, such as wireless communication systems after 5G, and such as 4G mobile communication systems before 5G, such as LTE, LTE-Advanced, LTE-Advanced Pro, etc.

[0023] The terms given in the present disclosure can be named differently in different wireless communication systems, but uniform terms are used in the present disclosure, which can be replaced by the terms used in the corresponding system when applied to a specific system.

[0024] In all embodiments and embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified:

[0025] • "predefined" and "preset" can be interchangeable.

[0026] • "number" and "index" can be interchangeable. For example, the number of an RB (resource block) can also be referred to as the index of the RB; for example, "numbering an RB as 0" can also be expressed as "indexing an RB as 0".

[0027] • The elements in a set (or array, or list, or sequence, etc.) can correspond to indices 0, 1, 2,..., or 1, 2, 3,... in turn according to their order of appearance. For example, the elements t0, t1,..., and t N-1 in the set {t0, t1,..., t N-1 may correspond to indices 0, 1,..., and N-1, respectively.

[0028] • The elements in a set (or array, or list, or sequence, etc.) can be represented by their indices (e.g., the subscript of the corresponding element in the set or array or list or sequence, etc.). For example, an RE (Resource Element) with an index of 0 can be referred to as "RE 0".

[0029] • An index corresponding to an object (e.g., a subcarrier, a time slot, a cyclic shift, etc.) can be used as an "identifier" (ID) of the object, e.g., the index of the object in a set, or an array, or a list, or a sequence.

[0030] • An index corresponding to an object can be used to indicate the object in signaling.

[0031] • If no corresponding quantity is specified when referring to an object, the quantity of the object can be one, or can be multiple. For example, in "performing transmission(s) on a channel", the "transmission(s)" can correspond to one transmission, or multiple transmissions.

[0032] • The elements in a time sequence or a corresponding set (e.g., a time slot set {t0, t1,..., t N-1}) can appear in a time-sequential order, e.g., the time corresponding to time slot t0 is earlier than (or not later than) the time corresponding to time slot t1, the time corresponding to time slot t1 is earlier than (or not later than) the time corresponding to time slot t2, etc.

[0033] • Δ(x1, x2) can represent the offset between x1 and x2 (or, the offset of x2 with respect to x1; or, the offset from x1 to x2), where x1 and x2 can be values of two comparable parameters (or variables), or can be two possible values of one parameter (or variable). If x1 and x2 are two time parameters (or variables), Δ(x1, x2) > 0 can represent that the time corresponding to x1 is earlier than the time corresponding to x2, Δ(x1, x2) ≥ 0 can represent that the time corresponding to x1 is earlier than or equal to the time corresponding to x2, Δ(x1, x2) < 0 can represent that the time corresponding to x1 is later than the time corresponding to x2, Δ(x1, x2) ≤ 0 can represent that the time corresponding to x1 is later than or equal to the time corresponding to x2. For example, if x1 and x2 are two time slots in a resource pool, Δ(x1, x2) can be defined as the difference between the time slot index corresponding to x2 and the time slot index corresponding to x1, where the time slot index can be a physical time slot index, or a logical time slot index (e.g., the index of the corresponding time slot in the time slot set of the resource pool).

[0034] • A "subcarrier" can refer to a subcarrier in an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) based waveform.

[0035] • Δf can represent a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of a carrier or a BWP (Bandwidth part), where the unit of Δf can be kHz, e.g., Δf = 15 kHz; or Δf = 30 kHz; or Δf = 60 kHz; or Δf = 120 kHz.

[0036] • μ can represent a SCS configuration corresponding to a SCS.

[0037] For example, μ = 0 can correspond to Δf = 15 kHz, and vice versa; or μ = 1 can correspond to Δf = 30 kHz, and vice versa; or μ = 2 can correspond to Δf = 60 kHz, and vice versa; or μ = 3 can correspond to Δf = 120 kHz, and vice versa.

[0038] • A constant T c may be defined as: T c = 1 / (Δf max · N f ), where Δf max = 480·10 3 Hz, and N f = 4096.

[0039] • A constant κ can be defined as: κ = T s / T c = 64, where T s = 1 / (Δf ref · N f，ref ), Δf ref = 15·10 3 Hz, and N f，ref = 2048.

[0040] • T may represent the length of a "useful symbol time" of an OFDM symbol corresponding to a subcarrier spacing Δf (or a corresponding SCS configuration μ), i.e., excluding a CP (cyclic prefix). In some aspects, the unit of T may be seconds, e.g., T may be equal to seconds, where the unit of T may equal 2048 · K · 2 -μ ; for example, the may equal seconds; for example, the may equal seconds. In some aspects, the may be in units of T c , for example, in this case, the may equal the

[0041] · may represent the total duration (i.e., including CP) of a certain OFDM symbol corresponding to a subcarrier spacing Df (or a corresponding SCS configuration m). In some aspects, the may be in units of seconds, for example, the may equal seconds, where the may equal the duration of the CP of the OFDM symbol. In some aspects, the may be in units of T c , for example, in this case, the may equal In some aspects, the may be equal, or can not be equal, for different OFDM symbol indices.

[0042] · may represent the average OFDM symbol duration corresponding to a subcarrier spacing Df (or a corresponding SCS configuration m). For example, the may equal seconds.

[0043] In some aspects, in a bit string of size (or referred to as “length”) L bits (e.g., denoted as ‘b0b1…b L-1 ’), the leftmost bit (i.e., b0) can correspond to the Most Significant Bit (MSB), and correspondingly, the rightmost bit (i.e., b L-1 ) can correspond to the Least Significant Bit (LSB).

[0044] In some aspects, in a bit string of size (or referred to as “length”) L bits (e.g., denoted as ‘b0b1…b L-1 ’), the leftmost bit (i.e., b0) can correspond to the Least Significant Bit (LSB), and correspondingly, the rightmost bit (i.e., b L-1 ) can correspond to the Most Significant Bit (MSB).

[0045] In some aspects, a bit string can be referred to as a bitmap (or, bit map), and vice versa.

[0046] In some aspects, a priority can correspond to a priority value. For example, a priority corresponds to a priority value of 1, and another priority corresponds to a priority value of 8.

[0047] In some aspects, the relationship between a priority and its corresponding priority value can be that as the priority value increases, the priority decreases. For example, if a first sidelink transmission and a second sidelink transmission are associated with priority values of 1 and 2, respectively, the priority of the first sidelink transmission is higher than the priority of the second sidelink transmission.

[0048] In some aspects, the relationship between a priority and its corresponding priority value can be that as the priority value increases, the priority increases. For example, if a first sidelink transmission and a second sidelink transmission are associated with priority values of 1 and 2, respectively, the priority of the first sidelink transmission is lower than the priority of the second sidelink transmission.

[0049] In some aspects, an “operating band” can refer to an operating band with a duplex mode of FDD (Frequency Division Duplex), or can refer to an operating band with a duplex mode of TDD (Time Division Duplex), or can refer to an operating band defined in other ways.

[0050] In some aspects, an uplink (UL) operating band or a downlink (DL) operating band in an FDD operating band can be referred to as an FDD operating sub-band. Specifically, for example, the FDD uplink operating band can be referred to as an UL operating sub-band, and the FDD downlink operating band can be referred to as a DL operating sub-band.

[0051] In some aspects, “Layer 1” and “physical layer” can be interchangeable.

[0052] In some aspects, “Layer 2” can include zero, one, or more sub-layers, such as some or all of MAC (Medium Access Control), RLC (Radio Link Control), PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol), and SDAP (Service Data Adaptation Protocol).

[0053] In some aspects, “higher layer(s)” (or “upper layer(s)”) can refer to one or more protocol layers or protocol sub-layers above a reference protocol layer or a reference protocol sub-layer in a particular protocol stack (e.g., an access stratum protocol stack). For example, if the reference protocol layer or the reference protocol sub-layer is a physical layer, then the “higher layer(s)” can include, at least in part, some or all of a MAC layer, an RLC layer, a PDCP layer, an SDAP layer, an RRC (Radio Resource Control) layer, a PC5-RRC layer, and a PC5-S layer. In all embodiments and implementations of the present disclosure, the reference protocol layer or the reference protocol sub-layer can be a physical layer unless specifically stated otherwise. The “higher layer(s)” can also be referred to as “upper layer(s)” without causing confusion.

[0054] In some aspects, “lower layer(s)” can refer to one or more protocol layers or protocol sub-layers below a reference protocol layer or a reference protocol sub-layer in a particular protocol stack. For example, if the reference protocol layer or the reference protocol sub-layer is an RRC layer, then the “lower layer(s)” can include some or all of a MAC layer and a physical layer; as another example, if the reference protocol layer or the reference protocol sub-layer is a MAC layer, then the “lower layer(s)” can refer to a physical layer. In all embodiments and implementations of the present disclosure, the reference protocol layer or the reference protocol sub-layer can be a MAC layer unless specifically stated otherwise. The “lower layer(s)” can also be referred to as “lower layer(s)” without causing confusion.

[0055] In some aspects, “signaling” can refer to control information of a physical layer, such as DCI (Downlink Control Information), UCI (Uplink Control Information), or SCI (Sidelink Control Information).

[0056] In some aspects, a “signaling” can refer to a higher layer control information, e.g., a MAC CE (Control Element).

[0057] In some aspects, a “parameter” can refer to a physical layer parameter.

[0058] In some aspects, a “parameter” can refer to a higher layer parameter.

[0059] In all embodiments and implementations of the present disclosure, unless specifically stated otherwise, a “parameter” can refer to a higher layer parameter.

[0060] In some aspects, a “parameter” can refer to a pre-defined parameter. For example, the number of subcarriers in each RB may be a pre-defined constant, e.g., 12.

[0061] In some aspects, a “parameter” can refer to a “configured” parameter. For example, the configuration information (e.g., including the value of the parameter) corresponding to a “configured” parameter can be provided by a protocol layer (e.g., RRC layer) in a communication node to another protocol layer (e.g., physical layer) in the same communication node; or, for another example, the configuration information (e.g., the value of the parameter) corresponding to a “configured” parameter can be provided by a protocol layer (e.g., RRC layer) in a communication node to a peer protocol layer in another communication node; or, for yet another example, the configuration information (e.g., the value of the parameter) corresponding to a “configured” parameter can be pre-stored in a specific storage location in a communication node or in another storage location accessible by the node, in which case the “configured” parameter can also be referred to as a “pre-configured” parameter.

[0062] In some aspects, a resource can be identified at least in part by some or all of one or more time-domain parameters, one or more frequency-domain parameters, one or more code-domain parameters, and one or more spatial-domain parameters. For example, the one or more time-domain parameters can include some or all of a starting symbol of the resource, a starting slot of the resource, a number of symbols occupied by the resource, and a number of slots occupied by the resource. For another example, the one or more frequency-domain parameters can include some or all of a starting subchannel of the resource, a starting RB of the resource, a starting subcarrier of the resource, a number of subchannels occupied by the resource, a number of RBs occupied by the resource, and a number of subcarriers occupied by the resource. For yet another example, the one or more code-domain parameters can include some or all of a cyclic shift value or a corresponding cyclic shift index corresponding to the resource, and a cyclic shift pair value or a corresponding cyclic shift pair index corresponding to the resource. For yet another example, the one or more spatial-domain parameters can include a layer corresponding to the resource, where a “layer” can refer to one of one or more layers to which a TB (Transport Block) or a corresponding codeword mapped in spatial multiplexing.

[0063] In some aspects, “RB” can refer to a PRB (physical resource block), and correspondingly, “RB index” can refer to a PRB index.

[0064] In some aspects, “RB” can refer to a VRB (virtual resource block), and correspondingly, “RB index” can refer to a VRB index.

[0065] In some aspects, “RB” can refer to a CRB (common resource block), and correspondingly, “RB index” can refer to a CRB index.

[0066] In some aspects, “RB” can refer to an IRB (Interlaced Resource Block), and correspondingly, “RB index” can refer to an IRB index.

[0067] In some aspects, in time domain, one “frame” (or “radio frame”) can refer to one system frame (the corresponding frame number can be referred to as one system frame number, SFN).

[0068] In some aspects, in time domain, one “frame” (or “radio frame”) can refer to one direct frame (the corresponding frame number can be referred to as one direct frame number, DFN).

[0069] In some aspects, one frame number cycle (or frame cycle) can contain T FNP = 1024 frames, for example, indexed in time sequence as 0, 1, …, 1023, respectively. The duration of each frame can be T f = 10 milliseconds, which can contain 10 subframes, where the duration of each subframe is T sf = 1 millisecond. Each subframe can contain slots, for example, The index of one slot in a subframe can be denoted as The index of one slot in a frame can be denoted as where, may be equal to 10·2 μ The index of one slot in a frame number cycle can be denoted as where may be equal to (1024·(10·2 μ )) = 10240·2 μ ).

[0070] In some aspects, one frame number cycle can be one SFN cycle.

[0071] In some aspects, one frame number cycle can be one DFN cycle.

[0072] In some aspects, one “physical slot” can refer to one slot belonging to a certain physical slot set, where the physical slot set can be all slots in a continuous time period (for example, one frame number cycle; for another example, one frame; for yet another example, one subframe); the physical slots in the physical slot set can be indexed in time sequence as 0, 1, …, respectively.

[0073] In some aspects, the start time of an OFDM symbol can refer to the start time of the CP of the OFDM symbol.

[0074] In some aspects, the start time of an OFDM symbol can refer to the start time of the useful symbol time of the OFDM symbol.

[0075] In some aspects, “transmission” can refer to uplink transmission, or can refer to downlink transmission, or can refer to sidelink transmission, or can refer to other transmission.

[0076] In some aspects, “carrier” can refer to uplink carrier, or can refer to downlink carrier, or can refer to sidelink carrier, or can refer to other carrier.

[0077] In some aspects, “bandwidth part” can refer to uplink bandwidth part, or can refer to downlink bandwidth part, or can refer to sidelink bandwidth part, or can refer to other bandwidth part.

[0078] In some aspects, a subcarrier spacing (SCS) can be configured (or provided) for a bandwidth part, for example, the SCS can be provided by a parameter subcarrierSpacing. In some aspects, the SCS can be used for all channels (or all physical layer channels) and all signals (or all physical layer signals) in the bandwidth part, unless specified otherwise (or, unless configured otherwise). In some aspects, the applicable SCS can be related to a frequency range, for example, for FR1 (Frequency Range 1), the applicable SCS can include at least in part 15 kHz, 30 kHz, and 60 kHz; for another example, for FR2-1 (Frequency Range 2-1), the applicable SCS can include at least in part 60 kHz and 120 kHz; for another example, for FR2-2 (Frequency Range 2-2), the applicable SCS can include at least in part 120 kHz, 480 kHz, and 960 kHz.

[0079] In some aspects, the SCS of an uplink bandwidth part can be referred to as an “uplink SCS” (or “UL SCS”), the SCS of a downlink bandwidth part can be referred to as a “downlink SCS” (or “DL SCS”), and the SCS of a sidelink bandwidth part can be referred to as a “sidelink SCS” (or “SL SCS”).

[0080] In some aspects, “operation” can refer to uplink operation, or can refer to downlink operation, or can refer to sidelink operation, or can refer to other operation.

[0081] In some aspects, a "transmission" can correspond to a transmission of a physical channel. For example, the physical channel can be a PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel), or can be a PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), or can be a PRACH (Physical Random-Access Channel), or can be a PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel), or can be a PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel), or can be a PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel), or can be a PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Control Channel), or can be a PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel), or can be a PSFCH (Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel), or can be a PSBCH (Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel), or can be another physical channel.

[0082] In some aspects, a “transmission” can correspond to a transmission of a physical signal. For example, the physical signal can be a PSS (Primary Synchronization Signal), or can be a SSS (Secondary Synchronization Signal), or can be a CSI-RS (Channel-State Information Reference Signal, CSI reference signal), or can be a DM-RS (Demodulation Reference Signal), or can be a PT-RS (Phase-tracking reference signals), or can be a SRS (Sounding Reference Signal), or can be a RIM-RS (Remote Interference Management Reference Signal), or can be a S-PSS (Sidelink primary synchronization signal), or can be a S-SSS (Sidelink secondary synchronization signal), or can be a SL PRS (Sidelink Positioning Reference Signal), or can be another physical signal.

[0083] In some aspects, one “transmission” can correspond to the transmission of zero or one or more physical channels and zero or one or more physical signals multiplexed in the same resource (e.g., one time-frequency in one resource pool; or, e.g., several RBs in one slot). For example, one “SS / PBCH block” (or referred to as one “SSB”, or referred to as one “SS block”) can consist of one PSS, one SSS, and one PBCH multiplexed in the same slot; or, e.g., one “S-SS / PSBCH block” (or referred to as one “S-SSB”, or referred to as one “S-SS block”, or referred to as one “sidelink SSB”) can consist of one S-PSS, one S-SSS, and one PSBCH multiplexed in the same slot; or, e.g., one “PSCCH / PSSCH” (or referred to as one “PSSCH / PSCCH”) can consist of one PSCCH and its associated one PSSCH multiplexed in the same slot (e.g., one slot in one resource pool). Here, “S-SS / PSBCH” can stand for Sidelink Synchronization Signal / Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel.

[0084] In some aspects, a DCI carried in one downlink transmission (e.g., PDCCH) and corresponding to one specific DCI format (e.g., referred to as DCI format X) can be referred to as “one DCI format X”. For example, a DCI carried in one PDCCH and corresponding to DCI format 0_0 can be referred to as “one DCI format 0_0”.

[0085] 3GPP specifications introduced a UE category, i.e., “Category 0”, for “Low Complexity UEs” in Release 12 (or simply referred to as Rel-12) to provide low-cost devices that can be used for MTC. Compared to the UE categories introduced before Rel-12, Category 0 UEs are simplified in both transmission and reception capabilities, e.g., the TBS (transport block size) of Category 0 UEs for user data transmission is limited to no more than 1000 bits; or, e.g., the half-duplex FDD operation type B supported by Category 0 UEs also has a longer “guard period” than the half-duplex FDD operation type A before.

[0086] Starting from Rel-13, 3GPP specifications start to support eMTC (enhanced MTC, or called "LTE-MTC", or called "LTE-M") to further reduce the cost of MTC devices, and to support wider coverage (e.g., this can be manifested as higher coupling loss). The "Category M1" UE introduced in Rel-13 is a kind of "BL UE" (bandwidth reduced low complexity UE) which supports only 6 PRBs of channel bandwidth in uplink and downlink respectively. A later introduced enhanced UE category for BL UE, i.e., "Category M2", is introduced in later 3GPP specifications to support larger PDSCH / PUSCH channel bandwidth. BL UE has its own SIB1 (System Information Block 1) which is different from non-BL UE (non-BL UE).

[0087] 3GPP Rel-13 also supports "UEs in Enhanced Coverage" (or called "UEs in Coverage Enhancement", or simply "UEs in CE") which is characterized by the need to use enhanced coverage functionality to access a cell. To this end, two enhanced coverage modes (or called coverage enhancement modes) are introduced in Rel-13: CE mode A and CE mode B, where for BL UE, support of CE mode A is mandatory. Different CE levels can correspond to different configurations (e.g., PRACH resource configurations) and / or operations in a cell which supports enhanced coverage functionality.

[0088] 3GPP Rel-13 also introduced NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things), which allows providing network services through E-UTRA (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access) with a channel bandwidth of 200 kHz. NB-IoT provides access to network services using a physical layer optimized for very low power consumption, e.g., this includes using a full carrier bandwidth of 180 kHz, a subcarrier spacing of 3.75 kHz or 15 kHz, etc. In one NB-IoT carrier, the subcarrier spacing of 3.75 kHz and 15 kHz can correspond to a transmission bandwidth configuration of 48 subcarriers and 12 subcarriers, respectively.

[0089] NB-IoT removes a large number of functionalities in E-UTRA that are not relevant to the design goals of NB-IoT, e.g., inter-RAT mobility, handover, relaying, carrier aggregation, dual connectivity, sidelink communication, and sidelink discovery, etc., and thus greatly reduces the complexity of the UE.

[0090] NB-IoT supports "stand-alone operation", "guard band operation", and "in-band operation". In stand-alone operation, NB-IoT uses its own spectrum, e.g., the spectrum corresponding to one or more GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) carriers. In guard band operation, NB-IoT can use the unused resource blocks (RBs) in the guard band of one E-UTRA carrier. In in-band operation, NB-IoT can use the resource blocks (RBs) in one normal E-UTRA carrier.

[0091] The UE categories supported by NB-IoT include "Category NB1" and "Category NB2", where a UE supporting the latter must also support the former. "Category NB2" supports a larger maximum uplink TBS, maximum downlink TBS, and layer 2 buffer size, etc. than "Category NB1".

[0092] eMTC and NB-IoT can be considered as both belonging to the LPWA (low power, wide area) technology, and the characteristics of the devices thereof can include low cost, long battery life, ubiquitous coverage, and high system capacity, etc.

[0093] In recent years, automation and digitization in various industries have opened up many new markets, and there is an urgent need for new IoT technologies to support devices with lower (e.g., one or more orders of magnitude lower than existing 3GPP LPWA technologies, such as eMTC and / or NB-IoT) complexity and / or power consumption. For example, this can include devices with very limited energy storage capability, and without any rechargeable or manually replaceable batteries. In addition, new IoT technologies need to support higher (e.g., one or more orders of magnitude higher than existing 3GPP LPWA technologies, such as eMTC and / or NB-IoT) connection numbers and / or device densities. To this end, 3GPP has launched a study item called “Study on solutions for Ambient IoT (Internet of Things) in NR” in Rel-19 to evaluate the feasibility of such a new IoT technology (e.g., including the corresponding wireless access technology) called “Ambient Power-enabled IoT” (or “Ambient IoT”, or simply A-IoT, or AIoT for short).

[0094] In some aspects, A-IoT can support part or all of “standalone operation”, “guard-band operation”, and “in-band operation”. For example, in standalone operation, A-IoT can use its own spectrum; for another example, in guard-band operation, A-IoT can use unused resource blocks (RBs) in the guard band of one NR carrier; for another example, in in-band operation, A-IoT can use resource blocks (RBs) in one NR carrier.

[0095] In some aspects, an A-IoT system can at least partially include part or all of the following:

[0096] • One or more devices. Each of which can also be referred to as an “A-IoT device” here.

[0097] • one or more "readers" (or "interrogators"), where a reader can be a base station (e.g., a 5G base station), or can be an "intermediate node" that can communicate bi- directionally with base station(s) (e.g., over an LTE Uu interface; or, e.g., over an NR Uu interface), or can be a communication node defined in other ways.

[0098] • one or more "carrier wave nodes" (or "CW nodes"), where a CW node can be used to transmit a CW (carrier wave, or, e.g., a radio frequency carrier wave, or RF CW). In some aspects, transmission of a CW can be considered to be a transmission from a CW node to one or more devices, and can be referred to as a "CW2D" (cw-node-to-device) transmission accordingly.

[0099] In some aspects, a device can be attached to a tag (or label) on an item.

[0100] In some aspects, a "device ID" can be used to identify (e.g., uniquely identify) a device in an A-IoT system. In some aspects, a device ID can be an integer, or can be defined in other ways.

[0101] In some aspects, a "device group ID" can be used to identify (e.g., uniquely identify) a device group in an A-IoT system, where the device group can contain (or can be mapped to) one or more devices. In some aspects, a device group ID can be an integer, or can be defined in other ways.

[0102] In some aspects, a device group ID corresponding to a device group that contains (or is mapped to) all devices can be referred to as a "broadcast ID".

[0103] In some aspects, an intermediate node can be a UE (e.g., an LTE UE; or, e.g., an NR UE) that supports reader functionality. In some aspects, an intermediate node can transfer data and / or signaling between base station(s) and devices (e.g., over an NR Uu interface; or, e.g., over an LTE Uu interface).

[0104] In some aspects, the waveform of a CW transmitted by a CW node can be a single-tone waveform, e.g., a single-tone unmodulated sinusoid.

[0105] In some aspects, the waveform of a CW transmitted by a CW node can be a multi-tone waveform, e.g., a waveform composed of two single-tone unmodulated sinusoids.

[0106] In some aspects, a device can directly communicate bi-directionally with reader(s) (e.g., through A-IoT radio access technology), wherein

[0107] • the bi-directional communication can include transmission of data and / or signaling.

[0108] • the bi-directional communication can include reception of data and / or signaling.

[0109] • a transmission from the device to a reader (e.g., referred to as “reader A”) can be referred to as a device-to-reader (D2R) transmission, and the corresponding link can be referred to as a “D2R link”. In some aspects, a D2R link can be referred to as an “uplink” (UL) without risk of confusion.

[0110] • a transmission from a reader (e.g., referred to as “reader B”) to the device can be referred to as a reader-to-device (R2D) transmission, and the corresponding link can be referred to as a “R2D link”. In some aspects, a R2D link can be referred to as a “downlink” (DL) without risk of confusion.

[0111] • In some aspects, the reader A and the reader B can be two different readers.

[0112] • In some aspects, the reader A and the reader B can be the same reader.

[0113] In some aspects, an “A-IoT transmission” can refer to a transmission performed by a node in an A-IoT system (e.g., a reader, e.g., a device, e.g., a CW node), e.g., a R2D transmission, e.g., a D2R transmission, e.g., a CW2D transmission.

[0114] In some aspects, a device can support "energy harvesting" techniques, e.g., the device can capture and convert energy from its surrounding environment (e.g., radio waves therein) and use it for powering and / or storing. In some aspects, an antenna of a device used for communication and an antenna of the device used for radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting can be the same antenna, or can be different antennas. In some aspects, a device that supports energy harvesting can be equipped with a battery that can be rechargeable or that requires manual replacement, or can not be equipped with any such battery.

[0115] In some aspects, a device can support backscattered transmission (or backscattering transmission, or backscatter transmission, or "backscatter-based transmission"), e.g., the device can modulate a CW that it backscatters from a CW node transmission in a certain way (e.g., by changing the impedance of its antenna according to the information to be transmitted) to achieve a D2R transmission. In some aspects, the CW is an "externally provided" CW (as opposed to an internally generated CW) to the device.

[0116] A transmission that is internally generated by a device can be referred to as an "internally-generated transmission" (or "self-generated transmission", or "transmission based on independent signal generation") as compared to a backscatter-based transmission. For example, for an internally-generated transmission, steps such as digital baseband signal generation, digital-to-analog conversion, filtering, mixing, analog RF signal generation and amplification, and outputting the signal to an antenna can be performed internally to the device.

[0117] In some aspects, "backscatter-based transmission" and "internally-generated transmission" can be considered as two different "types" (or "transmission schemes") of D2R transmission.

[0118] In some aspects, devices in an A-IoT system can be categorized into multiple categories (or “types”).

[0119] For example, a “Category 1” device (e.g., simply referred to as “Device 1” or “Device Type 1”) can have the following features, some or all of which can be:

[0120] • Ultra-low (e.g., around 1 µW; or, for example, no more than 10 µW) peak power consumption.

[0121] • Energy storage.

[0122] • Initial SFO (sampling frequency offset) can be as high as ppm (parts per million), where N SFO，1 may be a fixed value (e.g., N SFO，1 = 4; or, for example, N SFO，1 = 5), or can vary within a range depending on certain conditions.

[0123] • No signal amplification capability (e.g., neither R2D nor D2R signal amplification capability).

[0124] • D2R transmission is based on backscattering.

[0125] For example, a “Category 2a” device (e.g., simply referred to as “Device 2a” or “Device Type 2a”) can have the following features, some or all of which can be:

[0126] • Very low (e.g., no more than a few hundred µW; or, for example, around 100 µW; or, for example, no more than 1 mW; or, for example, no more than 10 mW) peak power consumption.

[0127] • Energy storage.

[0128] • Initial SFO as high as ppm, where N SFO，2A may be a fixed value (e.g., N SFO，2A = 4; or, for example, N SFO，2A = 5), or can vary within a range depending on certain conditions.

[0129] • Signal amplification capability (e.g., some or all of R2D and D2R signal amplification capability).

[0130] • D2R transmission is backscatter-based transmission.

[0131] For another example, a "Class 2b" device (e.g., simply "Device 2b" or "Device Type 2b") can have the following features, some or all of which can be optional:

[0132] • very low (e.g., no more than a few hundred μW; for another example, about 100 μW; for yet another example, no more than 1 mW; for yet another example, no more than 10 mW) peak power consumption.

[0133] • energy storage.

[0134] • initial SFO up to ppm, where N SFO，2B may be a fixed value (e.g., N SFO，2B = 4; for another example, N SFO，2B = 5) or can vary within a range depending on certain conditions.

[0135] • signal amplification capability (e.g., some or all of R2D signal amplification capability and D2R signal amplification capability).

[0136] • D2R transmission is endogenous transmission.

[0137] In some aspects, a time (e.g., a start time; for another example, an end time) associated with an R2D transmission can refer to a time defined from the perspective of a device (e.g., a device that receives the R2D transmission). For example, an end time of the R2D transmission can refer to an end time of the R2D transmission as determined (or assumed) by the device.

[0138] In some aspects, a time (e.g., a start time; for another example, an end time) associated with an R2D transmission can refer to a time defined from the perspective of a reader (e.g., a reader that performs the R2D transmission). For example, a start time of the R2D transmission can be an actual start time of the R2D transmission.

[0139] In some aspects, a time (e.g., a start time; for another example, an end time) associated with a D2R transmission can refer to a time defined from the perspective of a device (e.g., a device that performs the D2R transmission). For example, a start time of the D2R transmission can be an actual start time of the D2R transmission.

[0140] In some aspects, a time (e.g., a start time; or, e.g., an end time) related to a D2R transmission can refer to a time defined from the perspective of a reader (e.g., a reader that receives the D2R transmission). For example, an end time of a D2R transmission can refer to an end time of the D2R transmission as determined (or, assumed) by the reader.

[0141] In some aspects, in time domain, an A-IoT transmission can occupy one or more “chips.” For example, an R2D transmission can occupy one or more “R2D chips” (e.g., one or more consecutive R2D chips). For another example, a D2R transmission can occupy one or more “D2R chips” (e.g., one or more consecutive D2R chips).

[0142] In some aspects, a “chip duration” (or, a “chip length”) can refer to a duration of an R2D chip, or can refer to a duration of a D2R chip, or can refer to a “reference chip duration,” which can be equal to a duration of an R2D chip, or can be equal to a duration of a D2R chip, or can not be equal to any R2D chip duration or D2R chip duration (correspondingly, the “reference chip duration” can not correspond to any actual transmitted R2D chip or D2R chip). For example, a duration of an R2D chip can be equal to two reference chip durations (e.g., denoted as 2·D CH，ref ), and a duration of a D2R chip can be equal to six reference chip durations (e.g., denoted as 6·D CH，ref ), where D CH，ref may represent a reference chip duration.

[0143] In some aspects, if a signal level of an A-IoT transmission (e.g., an R2D transmission; or, e.g., a D2R transmission) in a duration of a chip occupied by the A-IoT transmission is “high voltage” (e.g., which can correspond to a higher power, or can correspond to a power range with a higher average power), the chip can be referred to as a “high voltage chip”; if the signal level of the A-IoT transmission in the duration of the chip is “low voltage” (e.g., which can correspond to a lower power, or can correspond to a power range with a lower average power), the chip can be referred to as a “low voltage chip.” In some aspects, a high voltage chip and a low voltage chip can correspond to chip values and For example, a high voltage chip can be denoted as For another example, a low voltage chip can be denoted as For yet another example, a high voltage chip and a low voltage chip can be denoted as For example, the state "ON" can be represented by a value "1" (or "true"), and the state "OFF" can be represented by a value "0" (or "false"). For example, the state "ON" can be represented by a value "1" (or "true"), and the state "OFF" can be represented by a value "0" (or "false"). For example, the state "ON" can be represented by a value "1" (or "true"), and the state "OFF" can be represented by a value "0" (or "false"). For example, the state "ON" can be represented by a value "1" (or "true"), and the state "OFF" can be represented by a value "0" (or "false").

[0144] In some aspects, a waveform corresponding to one R2D transmission can be an OFDM-based waveform, and a corresponding SCS can be referred to as an "R2D SCS" (e.g., a corresponding SCS configuration can be denoted as μ R2D For example, μ R2D = 0 can correspond to an R2D SCS of 15 kHz), where

[0145] In some aspects, the OFDM-based waveform can be applicable to some or all of standalone operation, in-band operation, and guard-band operation.

[0146] In some aspects, μ R2D may be equal to a pre-defined or pre-configured value, or can correspond to a pre-defined or pre-configured parameter.

[0147] In some aspects, μ R2D may be determined at least in part based on an operating band used for R2D transmission (e.g., one R2D SCS configuration can be pre-defined or pre-configured for one or more operating bands that can be used for R2D transmission, and another R2D SCS configuration can be pre-defined or pre-configured for another one or more operating bands that can be used for R2D transmission).

[0148] In some aspects, for some or all of in-band operation and guard-band operation, μ R2D may be equal to a SCS configuration (e.g., a DL SCS configuration; or, for example, a UL SCS configuration) of a corresponding NR carrier (or, NR BWP), e.g., to reduce interference between A-IoT and NR.

[0149] In some aspects, in frequency domain, a bandwidth corresponding to frequency resources used by one R2D transmission can be referred to as a "transmission bandwidth" of the R2D transmission, e.g., denoted as wherein

[0150] In some aspects, a unit of the transmission bandwidth can be RB (e.g., the transmission bandwidth can be equal to R2D RBs configured with the μ SCS), or can be subcarriers (e.g., the transmission bandwidth can be equal to R2D subcarriers configured with the μ R2D SCS). kHz), or can be in other units. kHz), or can be in other units.

[0151] • In some aspects, the lowest frequency and the center frequency of the frequency resource can be denoted as and respectively, where the can represent an index (e.g., the lowest RB index; or the lowest subcarrier index; or the lowest subchannel index; or the lowest RB group index), or can represent an absolute frequency (e.g., MHz; or kHz), or can be represented in other ways; and the can represent an index (e.g., the center RB index; or the center subcarrier index; or the center subchannel index; or the center RB group index), or can represent an absolute frequency (e.g., MHz; or kHz), or can be represented in other ways.

[0152] • In some aspects, the total bandwidth corresponding to the frequency resource and its guard band(s) can be referred to as the “occupied bandwidth” of the R2D transmission, e.g., denoted as where the can be in units of RBs (e.g., the occupied bandwidth can equal R2D RBs configured with the kHz SCS), or can be in units of subcarriers (e.g., the occupied bandwidth can equal R2D subcarriers configured with the kHz SCS), or can be in units of kHz (e.g., the occupied bandwidth can equal kHz), or can be in other units.

[0153] In some aspects, the modulation scheme used for an A-IoT transmission (e.g., an R2D transmission; or a D2R transmission) can be OOK (On-Off keying), e.g., for each chip in the A-IoT transmission, a chip value (e.g., state “ON”) can correspond to a case where all subcarriers in the transmission bandwidth of the A-IoT transmission are modulated, and a chip value For example, the state "OFF" can correspond to a case where the power of all subcarriers in the transmission bandwidth of the A-IoT transmission is zero (e.g., from the perspective of baseband, the power is zero).

[0154] In some aspects, in a case where the modulation scheme is OOK, one chip can be referred to as an "OOK chip". In some aspects, in a case where the modulation scheme is OOK, one chip can correspond to an "OOK symbol", and accordingly, one chip value can be referred to as an OOK chip value (or, OOK symbol value). In some aspects, without risk of confusion, "chip value" can be simply referred to as "chip", and "OOK chip value" can be simply referred to as "OOK chip".

[0155] In some aspects, in the frequency domain, a "reference D2R SCS" (e.g., with a corresponding SCS configuration denoted as For example, may correspond to a reference D2R SCS of 15 kHz), where

[0156] In some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0157] In some aspects, the may be determined at least in part according to the operating frequency band for D2R transmission (e.g., one reference D2R SCS configuration can be predefined or preconfigured for one or more operating frequency bands that can be used for D2R transmission, and another reference D2R SCS configuration can be predefined or preconfigured for another one or more operating frequency bands that can be used for D2R transmission).

[0158] In some aspects, the may be determined at least in part according to the R2D In some aspects, the may be equal to where, in some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter; in some aspects, the may be an integer, or can be a reciprocal of an integer, or can be a decimal number, e.g., the may take a value from a set where, in some aspects, the set may be a subset of the set may be a subset of the set It can be a predefined or preconfigured set, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0159] In some aspects, the It can be applicable to all D2R transmissions within a time window.

[0160] In some aspects, for an A-IoT transmission (e.g., an R2D transmission; or, e.g., a D2R transmission), a “bit-to-chip mapping” can sequentially map each bit in an input bit sequence to N b2c output chips, where

[0161] In some aspects, the N b2c may be an integer satisfying N b2c ≥ 1.

[0162] In some aspects, the N b2c may be an even number.

[0163] In some aspects, the input bit sequence can be a bit sequence obtained after performing CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) attachment (if such a step is performed) and FEC (if such a step is performed).

[0164] For convenience, the N b2c may be referred to as “chip overhead per bit” (or, “chip overhead”), or, alternatively, the Rb2c may be referred to as “chip efficiency”.

[0165] In some aspects, the “bit-to-chip mapping” can at least partially include some or all of the following sub-steps: line coding, square wave multiplication.

[0166] For example, each input bit can be directly mapped to N b2c output chips through line coding. Specifically, for example, in “Manchester encoding”, bit 0 can be mapped to chip sequence and bit 1 can be mapped to chip sequence Correspondingly, input bit sequence {1, 1, 0} can be mapped to output chip sequence

[0167] For another example, an input bit can be first mapped to N lcsA "virtual chip" (for example, in Manchester encoding, bit 0 can be mapped to a sequence of "virtual chips") Bit 1 can be mapped to a sequence of "virtual chips". in and (These can correspond to a low-level "virtual chip" and a high-level "virtual chip" respectively), and then the N lcs A "virtual chip" and a chip containing N b2c A "square wave" (e.g., using a chip sequence) consisting of 10 chips (each chip having a duration equal to that of an output chip). This can be represented, for example, by using a chip sequence. Multiplying these two virtual chips (represented by the given information) yields an output chip sequence, where each virtual chip corresponds in time to... N chips. Specifically, for example, suppose N b2c =4, then for the first bit "1" in an input bit sequence {1, 1, 0}, it can first be mapped to a sequence of "virtual chips" according to Manchester encoding. Secondly, the "virtual chip" sequence can be... Chip sequence corresponding to "square wave" Multiplying them, we get " and The code obtained by multiplication (i.e., the chip) ), " and The code obtained by multiplication (i.e., the chip) ), " and The code obtained by multiplication (i.e., the chip) ),as well as" and The code obtained by multiplication (i.e., the chip) That is, the chip sequence mapped to the bit "1" is After mapping the two remaining bits in the input bit sequence using the same method, the final output chip sequence can be obtained as follows:

[0168] For example, each bit in an input bit sequence can be mapped to N in other ways. b2c One output chip.

[0169] In some aspects, it is possible to remember And referred to as N b2sw This refers to "the number of square wave cycles per bit".

[0170] In some aspects, one A-IoT transmission (e.g., one R2D transmission; or, e.g., one D2R transmission) can apply one or more “repetition schemes.”

[0171] In some aspects, one A-IoT transmission (e.g., one R2D transmission; or, e.g., one D2R transmission) can not apply any repetition scheme (e.g., this case can be referred to as “no repetition”).

[0172] In some aspects, one repetition scheme can be referred to as one “repetition type,” and vice versa.

[0173] In some aspects, the “number of repetitions” (or, referred to as “repetition level,” or, referred to as “repetition factor”) is N rep “Repetition” can refer to inserting N rep -1 copies of an object (e.g., one bit; or, e.g., one or more bits forming one bit block; or, e.g., one chip; or, e.g., one or more chips forming one chip block) after (immediately following) each of the objects that need to be repeated, where N rep can be an integer satisfying N rep ≥ 1. In some aspects, “repetition” with N rep = 1 can be equivalent to “no repetition,” and vice versa. In some cases, N rep -1 (instead of N rep ) can be referred to as “number of repetitions,” accordingly, “number of repetitions” can be an integer greater than or equal to 0, and “repetition” with number of repetitions being 0 can be equivalent to “no repetition,” and vice versa.

[0174] In some aspects, the “repetition” scheme that can be applied to one A-IoT transmission can at least partially include one or more of the following:

[0175] • Chip-level repetition. For example, if input chip sequence is applied with chip-level repetition of N rep = 2, the resulting output chip sequence can be In some respects, chip-level repetition can be performed immediately following line coding (if any). In other respects, chip-level repetition can be performed immediately following square wave modulation (if any).

[0176] ● Block-level repetition. For example, if N is applied to an input block containing 3 bits (e.g., 0, 1, 0 in sequence). rep If the block-level repetition is 2, the resulting output bit sequence can be {0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0}. In some aspects, each input block in the block-level repetition can consist of all the output bits obtained after performing CRC attachment (if any) on one or more input information bits, wherein, in some aspects, the one or more input bits can include part or all of all information bits used for the A-IoT transmission (e.g., all information bits from the physical layer and all information bits from higher layers).

[0177] ● Bit-level repetition. For example, if N is applied to an input bit sequence {0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1}... rep If the bit-level repetition is 2, the resulting output bit sequence can be {0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1}. Bit-level repetition can include at least one or more of the following:

[0178] ■ Type-1 bit-level repetition applies bit-level repetition to the sequence of all output bits obtained after CRC appending (if applicable). This Type-1 bit-level repetition can be performed before FEC (forward error correction) (if applicable).

[0179] ■ Type-2 bit-level repetition applies bit-level repetition to the bit sequence formed by all output bits obtained after performing CRC attachment (if any) and FEC (if any).

[0180] In some respects, for an A-IoT transmission that does not perform FEC, type 1 bit repetition can be considered equivalent to type 2 bit repetition.

[0181] In some respects, “chip-level repetition” may not be a step in “bit-to-chip mapping”.

[0182] In some aspects, “chip-level repetition” can be one step in the mapping from bits to chips. For example, an input bit sequence is first mapped to an interim output chip sequence by line coding and part or all of square wave multiplication, and then “chip-level repetition” is applied to the interim output chip sequence to obtain a final output chip sequence.

[0183] In some aspects, other repetition schemes (e.g., block-level repetition; or, for example, Type 1 bit-level repetition; or, for example, Type 2 bit-level repetition) other than “chip-level repetition” can be referred to as “non-chip-level repetition” schemes.

[0184] In some aspects, applying “chip-level repetition” with a repetition number of N CH to a chip sequence with a chip duration of D rep may be equivalent to changing the chip duration of the chip sequence to N rep ·D CH , and vice versa.

[0185] In all embodiments and implementations of the present disclosure, unless specifically stated otherwise, an “R2D chip” can refer to an R2D chip with a duration of “a first basic R2D chip duration” (e.g., denoted as ), where,

[0186] In some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0187] In some aspects, the may be determined at least in part based on part or all of the R2D , the , and the , or can be determined in other ways. For example, for different values of the R2D , the predefined or preconfigured value corresponding to the may be different.

[0188] In some aspects, the may be equal to where, in some aspects, the may be equal to the , or can be equal to the In some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter; in some aspects, the may be an integer, or can be an inverse of an integer, or can be a decimal number, e.g., the may take a value from a set , wherein, in some aspects, the set may be a subset of the set MF0; in some aspects, the set may be a predefined or preconfigured set, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0189] • In some aspects, the may be in seconds, or can be in milliseconds, or can be in microseconds, or can be in nanoseconds, or can be in other units.

[0190] • In some aspects, the may have a minimum value and a maximum value, denoted as and respectively, wherein, in some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter; in some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0191] • In some aspects, for the R2D , the may have a minimum value and a maximum value, denoted as and respectively, wherein, in some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter; in some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0192] • In some aspects, for all R2D SCS configurations, the may have a minimum value and a maximum value, denoted as and respectively, wherein, in some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter; in some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0193] • In some aspects, the may represent the R2D chip duration when no “chip-level repetition” is applied (or, when the repetition number of “chip-level repetition” is rep = 1).

[0194] In all embodiments and implementations of the present disclosure, unless specifically stated otherwise, the “R2D chip number” can refer to the number of R2D chips with a chip duration of Tc.

[0195] In all embodiments and implementations of the present disclosure, unless specifically stated otherwise, one “D2R chip” can refer to a D2R chip with a duration of “first basic D2R chip duration” (e.g., denoted as Td2R,1), wherein,

[0196] In some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0197] In some aspects, the may be determined at least in part according to some or all of the R2D , the the the and the , or can be determined in other ways. For example, for different values of the R2D , the may correspond to different predefined or preconfigured values. For example, for different values of the , the may correspond to different predefined or preconfigured values.

[0198] In some aspects, the may be equal to wherein, in some aspects, the may be equal to the or can be equal to the or can be equal to the In some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter; in some aspects, the may be an integer, or can be an inverse of an integer, or can be a decimal number, e.g., the may take a value from a set wherein, in some aspects, the set may be a subset of the set MF0; in some aspects, the set may be a predefined or preconfigured set, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0199] ​​• In some aspects, the may be in seconds, or may be in milliseconds, or may be in microseconds, or may be in nanoseconds, or may be in other units.

[0200] • In some aspects, the may have a minimum value and a maximum value, respectively denoted as and where, in some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or may correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter; in some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or may correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0201] • In some aspects, for the R2D , the may have a minimum value and a maximum value, respectively denoted as and where, in some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or may correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter; in some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or may correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0202] • In some aspects, for all R2D SCS configurations, the may have a minimum value and a maximum value, respectively denoted as and where, in some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or may correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter; in some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or may correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0203] • In some aspects, for the , the may have a minimum value and a maximum value, respectively denoted as and where, in some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or may correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter; in some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or may correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0204] • In some aspects, for all reference D2R SCS configurations, the the minimum and maximum of the can be denoted as where, in some aspects, the can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter; in some aspects, the can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0205] • In some aspects, the R2D and the the minimum and maximum of the can be denoted as and where, in some aspects, the can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter; in some aspects, the can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0206] • In some aspects, the can represent the D2R chip duration when no “chip-level repetition” is applied (or, when the repetition number of “chip-level repetition” is rep = 1).

[0207] In all embodiments and implementations of the present disclosure, unless specifically stated otherwise, the “D2R chip number” can refer to the number of D2R chips with the as the chip duration.

[0208] In some aspects, a “reference chip duration” can be equal to the “first base chip duration” (e.g., denoted as ), where the unit of the can be seconds, or can be milliseconds, or can be microseconds, or can be nanoseconds, or can be other units.

[0209] In some aspects, the frequency resource used by a backscatter-based D2R transmission can be determined at least partially according to some or all of the following: the lowest frequency (e.g., denoted as ) or the center frequency (e.g., denoted as ) of the CW, the frequency shift (FS) of the lowest frequency (or, the center frequency) of the frequency resource relative to the CW lowest frequency (or, the CW center frequency ), and the transmission bandwidth of the CW, where,

[0210] • In some aspects, the may represent an index (e.g., a lowest RB index; or, a lowest subcarrier index; or, a lowest subchannel index; or, a lowest RB group index), or may represent an absolute frequency (e.g., MHz; or, kHz), or may be represented in other ways.

[0211] • In some aspects, the may represent an index (e.g., a center RB index; or, a center subcarrier index; or, a center subchannel index; or, a center RB group index), or may represent an absolute frequency (e.g., MHz; or, kHz), or may be represented in other ways.

[0212] • In some aspects, “frequency shift” may also be referred to as “frequency offset” (or vice versa), as applicable.

[0213] In some aspects, the frequency shift relative to the lowest frequency (or the center frequency ) can at least partially include a portion or all of a small frequency shift (SFS) and a large frequency shift (LFS), where,

[0214] • In some aspects, SFS can refer to a frequency shift of at most tens of kHz.

[0215] • In some aspects, SFS can refer to a frequency shift of at most hundreds of kHz.

[0216] • In some aspects, SFS can refer to a frequency shift of at most a few MHz.

[0217] • In some aspects, SFS can be at least partially implemented in baseband processing. For example, the frequency shift corresponding to SFS can be at least partially determined according to a D2R chip duration, a number of repetitions of D2R “chip-level repetition,” and a D2R chip overhead (or, a corresponding D2R chip efficiency, or, a corresponding number of square wave periods per bit).

[0218] • In some aspects, SFS can be used by a portion or all of the following device categories: “Category 1,” and “Category 2a.” ​​

[0219] • In some aspects, LFS can refer to a frequency shift of at most tens of MHz.

[0220] • In some aspects, LFS can refer to a frequency shift of at most tens of MHz.

[0221] • In some aspects, LFS can refer to a frequency shift of at most tens of MHz.

[0222] • In some aspects, LFS can refer to a frequency shift of at most hundreds of MHz.

[0223] • In some aspects, LFS can refer to a frequency shift from tens of MHz to hundreds of MHz.

[0224] • In some aspects, LFS can refer to a shift from one FDD DL operating band to a corresponding FDD UL operating band.

[0225] • In some aspects, LFS can refer to a shift from one FDD UL operating band to a corresponding FDD DL operating band.

[0226] • In some aspects, LFS can refer to a shift from one FDD DL operating band to a corresponding FDD UL operating band, or vice versa.

[0227] • In some aspects, a clock for generating an intermediate frequency (IF) signal can be needed for LFS.

[0228] • In some aspects, LFS can need to include image suppression for avoiding interference to an adjacent frequency (or, an adjacent operating band).

[0229] • In some aspects, LFS can need to include harmonics suppression for avoiding interference to an adjacent frequency (or, an adjacent operating band).

[0230] • In some aspects, LFS can be used by a “category 2a” device.

[0231] In some aspects, a frequency resource used by an endogenous D2R transmission can be determined at least in part according to some or all of the following: the CW lowest frequency (or, the CW center frequency ) is a frequency shift of a lowest frequency (or, a center frequency) of the frequency resource relative to a lowest frequency of the CW (or, the CW center frequency ) and a transmission bandwidth of the endogenous D2R transmission.

[0232] In some aspects, for one FDD operating frequency band, an FDD operating sub-band in which a CW is located can be determined at least in part according to an FDD operating sub-band in which a R2D transmission is located. For example, if a R2D transmission is in an UL operating sub-band of the FDD operating frequency band, then a CW transmission is in the UL operating sub-band of the FDD operating frequency band. For another example, if a R2D transmission is in a DL operating sub-band of the FDD operating frequency band, then a CW transmission is in the DL operating sub-band of the FDD operating frequency band.

[0233] In some aspects, for one FDD operating frequency band, a device (e.g., a “category 2a” device) can determine a frequency shift direction of an LFS at least in part according to an FDD operating sub-band in which a R2D transmission is received (or, detected) by the device. For example, if a R2D transmission is in an UL operating sub-band of the FDD operating frequency band, then an LFS operation would need to move a backscattered signal or channel (e.g., a CW transmission) from the UL operating sub-band to a corresponding DL operating sub-band. For another example, if a R2D transmission is in a DL operating sub-band of the FDD operating frequency band, then an LFS operation would need to move a backscattered signal or channel (e.g., a CW transmission) from the DL operating sub-band to a corresponding UL operating sub-band.

[0234] In some aspects, for one FDD operating frequency band (or, one FDD operating sub-band), a set of all frequency resources that can be used for D2R transmissions (e.g., denoted as ) can be equal to a union of disjoint D2R frequency resource subsets (e.g., denoted as wherein

[0235] • In some aspects, the can be an integer that satisfies ; in some aspects, the can be equal to a pre-defined or pre-configured value, or can correspond to a pre-defined or pre-configured parameter.

[0236] • In some aspects, the set can be a set of all frequency resources that can be used for backscatter-based D2R transmissions without applying any frequency shift.

[0237] • In some aspects, the set may be a set consisting of all frequency resources that can be used for backscatter-based D2R transmissions with LFS applied.

[0238] • In some aspects, the set may be a set consisting of all frequency resources that can be used for backscatter-based D2R transmissions with LFS applied.

[0239] In some aspects, the set may be a set consisting of all frequency resources that can be used for backscatter-based D2R transmissions without LFS applied. may be a set consisting of all frequency resources that can be used for backscatter-based D2R transmissions without LFS applied. may be considered as a set consisting of all frequency resources that can be used for backscatter-based D2R transmissions without LFS applied (e.g., denoted as ).

[0240] In some aspects, the presence or value of the set may be determined at least in part based on a parameter related to SFS (e.g., denoted as sfs-paramo, e.g., to indicate whether SFS is supported, or to indicate a maximum SFS frequency shift, etc.). For example, a first value of the parameter sfs-paramo can be used to indicate that the set is not present (or, the set is an empty set); or, if the parameter sfs-paramo is not pre-configured, the set is not present (or, the set is an empty set); or, a second value of the parameter sfs-paramo can be used to indicate that the set is present, or to determine the elements in the set .

[0241] In some aspects, the presence or value of the set may be determined at least in part based on a parameter related to LFS (e.g., denoted as lfs-paramo, e.g., to indicate whether LFS is supported, or to indicate a maximum LFS frequency shift, etc.). For example, a first value of the parameter lfs-paramo can be used to indicate that the set is not present (or, the set is an empty set); or, if the parameter lfs-paramo is not pre-configured, the set is not present (or, the set is an empty set); or, for example, a second value that the parameter lfs-param0 can take can be used to indicate that the set exists, or can be used to determine the elements in the set .

[0242] In some aspects, the set can be a pre-defined or pre-configured set, or can correspond to a pre-defined or pre-configured parameter. In some aspects, the set can be pre-defined or pre-configured separately for each FDD operating band applicable to A-IoT.

[0243] In some aspects, a "cast type" of an R2D transmission can be one of the following, partially or entirely: unicast, groupcast, and broadcast.

[0244] In some aspects, information carried by (or referred to as indicated in, or provided in) an R2D transmission (e.g., denoted as ) can be used, at least partially, to determine one or more parameters related to D2R transmissions (e.g., denoted as , respectively). ……, and .

[0245] • In some aspects, the can be an integer satisfying .

[0246] • In some aspects, the D2R transmissions ……, and can be triggered by the R2D transmission .

[0247] • In some aspects, the D2R transmissions ……, and can be scheduled by the R2D transmission .

[0248] • In some aspects, the D2R transmissions ……, and can be performed by different devices (e.g., denoted as d0, d1, …, and , respectively).​

[0249] In all embodiments and implementations of this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, With D2R transmission The relevant operations (e.g., related to receiving the R2D transmission) Related operations; for example, related to performing the D2R transmission. The relevant operations can be referred to by the device d. j The operation performed.

[0250] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can carry a higher-level message. For example, the higher-level message could be an A-IoT paging message (e.g., denoted as...). For example, the higher-level message could be another message (e.g., one of several R2D messages used for inventory checks; or a message used for reading or writing information stored in one or more devices). In some aspects, an A-IoT paging message could be an "initial trigger message." In some aspects, the R2D transmission... It can carry multiple higher-level messages.

[0251] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can be done without carrying any higher-level messages.

[0252] In some respects, the R2D transmission It is possible A set of target (or "destination") devices (e.g., denoted as the corresponding set of target devices) And denote the set. The set of device IDs of all devices is ),in,

[0253] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a satisfaction Integers.

[0254] ● In some respects, the one or more target devices can transmit the R2D data. One or more "target IDs" carried can be determined, or can be determined based on the R2D transmission. Whether to carry the "target ID" is determined.

[0255] ● In some respects, a “target ID” can be an integer.

[0256] • In some aspects, a "target ID" can be a sequence of zero, one or more digits and zero, one or more non-digit symbols (e.g., "?") in a certain order, where a digit can refer to a binary digit (i.e., one of 0 and 1), or can refer to a decimal digit (i.e., one of 0, 1,..., and 9).

[0257] • In some aspects, the R2D transmission carries a higher layer message that is the A-IoT paging message , a "target ID" can be referred to as a "paging target ID".

[0258] For example, the R2D transmission can carry a target ID, and the target ID can be a device ID, accordingly, the set can consist of the device ID.

[0259] For another example, the R2D transmission can carry a target ID, and the target ID can be a device group ID, accordingly, the target devices of the R2D transmission can be all devices included in (or mapped to) by the device group corresponding to the device group ID.

[0260] For yet another example, the R2D transmission can carry a target ID, and the target ID can be a "broadcast ID", accordingly, the target devices of the R2D transmission can be all devices.

[0261] For yet another example, the R2D transmission can carry a target ID, and the target ID can be a "target ID pattern", where one or more "wildcards" can be included in a target ID pattern, e.g., "?" can match any digit; for another example, "*" can match a sequence of zero, one, or multiple arbitrary digits; for yet another example, one or more consecutive digits in "[]" can match any of them (e.g., "

[0123] " can match any of "1", "2", and "3"); for yet another example, two digits separated by "-" in "[]" can match any digit in a range from the left digit to the right digit (e.g., "[1-5]" can match any of "1", "2", "3", "4", and "5"). In this case, for example, the set may consist of all device IDs matched by the target ID pattern; as another example, the set may consist of all device group IDs matched by the target ID pattern; as another example, the set may consist of all device IDs or device group IDs matched by the target ID pattern. Specifically, for example, a target ID pattern "011?" (e.g., when device IDs are represented as binary integers) can match device IDs "0110" and "0111"; as another example, a target ID pattern "20?9" (e.g., when device IDs are represented as decimal integers) can match device IDs "2009", "2019", "2029", "2039", "2049", "2059", "2069", "2079", "2089", and "2099"; as another example, a target ID pattern "

[0089] [5-7]20" (e.g., when device IDs are represented as decimal integers) can match device IDs "8520", "9520", "8620", "9620", "8720", and "9720".

[0262] As another example, the R2D transmission may not carry any target ID, and accordingly, the set may consist of all devices.

[0263] As another example, the R2D transmission may carry multiple target IDs, and each of the multiple target IDs can be a device ID, and accordingly, the set may consist of the multiple target IDs.

[0264] As another example, the R2D transmission may carry multiple target IDs, and each of the multiple target IDs can be a device group ID, and accordingly, the set may consist of all devices contained in (or mapped to by) the device groups corresponding to the multiple target IDs, respectively.

[0265] In some aspects, a target ID carried by the R2D transmission may be determined to be a device ID or a device group ID according to a "cast type" indicated in the R2D transmission . For example, the "cast type" can be used to indicate one or more of the following: "unicast", "groupcast", and "broadcast".

[0266] In some respects, the value of a target ID can be used to determine whether the target ID is a device ID or a device group ID. For example, the two (or one) most significant bits (or least significant bits) of a target ID can be used to indicate the propagation type corresponding to the target ID as some or all of the following: "unicast", "multicast", and "broadcast".

[0267] In some respects, regarding the R2D transmission If a device (e.g., device d) j If the type 1 R2D response condition is met, then the R2D transmission... The device d can be triggered j Perform one or more operations (e.g., perform a D2R transfer, such as the D2R transfer) As for the R2D transmission The response, wherein the D2R transmission It may be part of the A-IoT access process, or it may not be part of the A-IoT access process; for example, performing the R2D transmission. (one or more higher-level commands indicated), wherein the Type 1R2D response condition may at least partially include one or more of the following (e.g., the Type 1R2D response condition may correspond to one or more of the following in an AND or OR manner):

[0268] ●The device d j It is the R2D transmission One of the target devices.

[0269] ●The device d j The R2D transmission was successfully received. (For example, including successfully decoding the R2D transmission) (Information bits carried).

[0270] ●From the device d j The time from the end of the last successful A-IoT access process to the R2D transmission The time interval between the start time (or end time) is greater than (or greater than or equal to) a "first access hold-up time interval" (e.g., denoted as ). ).

[0271] In some respects, the stated The unit can be seconds, milliseconds, microseconds, nanoseconds, the number of D2R chips, the number of R2D chips, or something similar. The number of chips can be in units of chip duration, or can be in other units.

[0272] In some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0273] In some aspects, the may be independent of the device type of the device d j .

[0274] In some aspects, the may be determined at least in part according to the type of the device d j . For example, the predefined or preconfigured value of the may be different for different device types.

[0275] In some aspects, the D2R transmission may carry an “A-IoT Message 1” (A-IoT Message 1, or A-IoT Msg1), denoted as as a response to the (e.g., when the device d j satisfies the Type 1 R2D Response condition).

[0276] In some aspects, the may be part of an A-IoT access procedure (or A-IoT random access procedure). In some aspects, an A-IoT access procedure can include part or all of “A-IoT Message 1”, “A-IoT Message 2”, and “A-IoT Message 3”. In some aspects, types of A-IoT access procedures can include part or all of: contention based A-IoT access procedures, and contention free A-IoT access procedures.

[0277] In some aspects, the may not be part of an A-IoT access procedure.

[0278] In some aspects, the triggered A-IoT access procedure can be determined at least in part according to part or all of: and the wherein,

[0279] • In some aspects, the may be an integer satisfying .

[0280] • In some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value (e.g., ), or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0281] • In some aspects, the may be an integer that satisfies (or, ).

[0282] • In some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value (e.g., ), or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0283] • In some aspects, the may be an integer that satisfies (or, ).

[0284] • In some aspects, the may be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0285] • In some aspects, the the and the may each be used to represent a D2R resource quantity threshold.

[0286] For example, if a Type 1 access type condition is satisfied, the A-IoT access procedure triggered by the may be a contention-based A-IoT access procedure, where the Type 1 access type condition can include at least in part one or more of (e.g., the Type 1 access type condition can correspond to one or more of the following in a manner of “and” or “or”):

[0287] • the is greater than or equal to the

[0288] • the is greater than the

[0289] • the is equal to the

[0290] • the is less than or equal to the

[0291] ●The Smaller than the

[0292] ●The equal to the

[0293] ●The R2D transmission Carry more than one target ID.

[0294] ●The R2D transmission The target ID carried is a device group ID.

[0295] ●The R2D transmission It does not carry any target ID.

[0296] ●The R2D transmission The target ID carried is a target ID pattern.

[0297] ●The D2R transmission (For example, the one it carries) This indicates that the A-IoT access process is a competition-based A-IoT access process.

[0298] For example, if the access type 2 condition is met, then the... The triggered A-IoT access process can be a contention-free A-IoT access process, wherein the Type 2 access type conditions can at least partially include one or more of the following items (for example, the Type 2 access type conditions can correspond to one or more of the following items in an AND or OR combination):

[0299] ●The Greater than or equal to the

[0300] ●The Greater than the

[0301] ●The equal to the

[0302] ●The Less than or equal to the

[0303] ●The Smaller than the

[0304] ●The R2D transmission carries one target ID, where the target ID is a device ID.

[0305] • the R2D transmission carries one or more target IDs, where each target ID is a device ID.

[0306] • the D2R transmission (e.g., the it carries) indicates that the A-IoT access procedure is a contention- free A-IoT access procedure.

[0307] In another example, if the Type 1 access type condition is not satisfied, the A-IoT access procedure triggered can be a contention-based A-IoT access procedure. The A-IoT access procedure triggered can be a contention-free A-IoT access procedure.

[0308] In another example, if the Type 2 access type condition is not satisfied, the A-IoT access procedure triggered can be a contention-based A-IoT access procedure. The A-IoT access procedure triggered can be a contention-free A-IoT access procedure.

[0309] In some aspects, the D2R transmission may carry a higher layer message that does not belong to any A-IoT access procedure, where, for example, the higher layer message can be a response to a higher layer message carried in the R2D transmission .

[0310] In some aspects, the D2R transmission may carry multiple higher layer messages.

[0311] In some aspects, the D2R transmission may not carry any higher layer message.

[0312] In some aspects, the D2R transmission (e.g., the it carries) can carry, at least in part, some or all of: a “first initial ID” (e.g., denoted as ), and a “second initial ID” (e.g., denoted as ), where,

[0313] • In some aspects, the may be an integer.

[0314] • In some aspects, some or all bits of the may be randomly generated (or, “drawn”).

[0315] • In some aspects, the may be referred to as a "random ID".

[0316] • In some aspects, the may be indicated by a "first initial ID" field in the D2R transmission (e.g., carried by the D2R transmission ).

[0317] • In some aspects, the may be an integer.

[0318] • In some aspects, the may be a device ID.

[0319] • In some aspects, the may be a device ID, or may be a device group ID.

[0320] • In some aspects, the may be indicated by a "second initial ID" field in the D2R transmission (e.g., carried by the D2R transmission ).

[0321] In some aspects, the "first initial ID" can be used for some or all of contention detection, and contention resolution. For example, an example of contention detection can be that if the values of the "first initial ID" carried by two different "A-IoT Message 1" (or, the D2R transmissions in which they are respectively carried) in response to the same A-IoT paging message are equal, then it can be considered that a "contention" has occurred.

[0322] In some aspects, the "first initial ID" can be used for a contention-based A-IoT access procedure, and accordingly, in a contention-based A-IoT access procedure, the "A-IoT Message 1" (or, the D2R transmission carrying it) carries the "first initial ID".

[0323] In some aspects, in a contention-free A-IoT access procedure, the "A-IoT Message 1" (or, the D2R transmission carrying it) does not carry the "first initial ID".

[0324] In some aspects, the "first initial ID" can be used for a contention-free A-IoT access procedure, and accordingly, for a contention-free A-IoT access procedure, the "A-IoT Message 1" (or, the D2R transmission carrying it) carries the "first initial ID".

[0325] In some aspects, the "second initial ID" can be used for a contention- free A-IoT access procedure, accordingly, for a contention-free A-IoT access procedure, the "A-IoT message 1" (or, the D2R transmission carrying it) carries the "second initial ID".

[0326] In some aspects, for a contention-based A-IoT access procedure, the "A-IoT message 1" (or, the D2R transmission carrying it) does not carry the "second initial ID".

[0327] In some aspects, the "second initial ID" can be used for a contention- based A-IoT access procedure, accordingly, for a contention-based A-IoT access procedure, the "A-IoT message 1" (or, the D2R transmission carrying it) carries the "second initial ID".

[0328] In some aspects, the "first initial ID" field and the "second initial ID" field in an "A-IoT message 1" can be the same field (e.g., referred to as an "initial ID" field). For example, this can apply to the case that the "A-IoT message 1" (or, the D2R transmission carrying it) does not simultaneously carry the "first initial ID" and the "second initial ID". Specifically, for example, in a contention-based A-IoT access procedure, the "initial ID" field can be used to indicate the "first initial ID", while in a contention-free A-IoT access procedure, the "initial ID" field can be used to indicate the "second initial ID". As another example, it can be determined at least in part according to indication information in the "A-IoT message 1" (or, the D2R transmission carrying it) whether the "initial ID" field is used to indicate the "first initial ID" or the "second initial ID".

[0329] In some aspects, it can be determined at least in part according to some or all of the following whether the "initial ID" field in an "A-IoT message 1" (or, the D2R transmission carrying it) indicates a "first initial ID" or a "second initial ID":

[0330] • the size of the "initial ID" field. For example, an 8 (or, 12; or, 16; or, 24; or, 32) bit "initial ID" field can be used to indicate a "first initial ID", while a 12 (or, 16; or, 24; or, 32; or, 48) bit "initial ID" field can be used to indicate a "second initial ID".

[0331] ● An indication of one or more fields other than the “Initial ID” field in the “A-IoT Message 1” (or, the D2R transmission carrying it).

[0332] ● An indication in the A-IoT paging message (or R2D transmission carrying it) that triggers the “A-IoT Message 1” (or, the D2R transmission carrying it). For example, the A-IoT paging message (or, the R2D transmission carrying it) may explicitly indicate whether the “Initial ID” field is used to indicate a “first initial ID” or a “second initial ID”. Alternatively, if the A-IoT paging message (or, the R2D transmission carrying it) indicates contention-based A-IoT access, then the “Initial ID” field is used to indicate a “first initial ID”. Alternatively, if the A-IoT paging message (or, the R2D transmission carrying it) indicates contention-free A-IoT access, then the “Initial ID” field is used to indicate a “second initial ID”.

[0333] In some respects, one or more “A-IoT messages 1” (e.g., the…) ……,as well as This can trigger the reader to perform an R2D transfer (e.g., denoted as...). ), wherein the R2D transmission It can carry an "A-IoT Message 2" (or A-IoT Msg2), for example, denoted as In some respects, the stated This can be considered a response to the one or more "A-IoT messages 1".

[0334] In some respects, the stated It may carry (or “echo”) some or all of the following carried in each of one or more “A-IoT Message 1” in response: “Initial ID”, “First Initial ID”, and “Second Initial ID”.

[0335] In some respects, “A-IoT Message 2” can be applied to competition-based A-IoT access processes.

[0336] In some respects, in a contention-based A-IoT access process, if a Type 1 contention resolution condition is met, the contention can be considered successfully resolved. This Type 1 contention resolution condition may at least partially include one or more of the following (for example, the Type 1 contention resolution condition may correspond to one or more of the following in an AND or OR combination):

[0337] ● Successfully transmitted an "A-IoT message 1" (e.g., for the device d) j This could be the aforementioned ).

[0338] ● Successfully received an "A-IoT message 2" (e.g., for the device d) j This could be the aforementioned ).

[0339] ● The "Initial ID" indicated by the received "A-IoT Message 2" (or, the R2D transmission carrying it) is equal to the "Initial ID" indicated by the transmitted "A-IoT Message 1" (or, the D2R transmission carrying it).

[0340] ● The "first initial ID" indicated by the received "A-IoT message 2" (or, the R2D transmission carrying it) is equal to the "first initial ID" indicated by the transmitted "A-IoT message 1" (or, the D2R transmission carrying it).

[0341] ● The "Second Initial ID" indicated by the received "A-IoT Message 2" (or, the R2D transmission carrying it) is equal to the "Second Initial ID" indicated by the transmitted "A-IoT Message 1" (or, the D2R transmission carrying it).

[0342] In some respects, "A-IoT Message 2" can be applied to contention-free A-IoT access processes.

[0343] In some respects, in a contention-free A-IoT access process, if the Type 1 access success condition is met, the contention-free A-IoT access process can be considered successful, wherein the Type 1 access success condition may at least partially include one or more of the following (for example, the Type 1 access success condition may correspond to one or more of the following in an AND or OR combination):

[0344] ● Successfully transmitted an "A-IoT message 1" (e.g., for the device d) j This could be the aforementioned ).

[0345] ● Successfully received an "A-IoT message 2" (e.g., for the device d) j This could be the aforementioned ).

[0346] ● The "Initial ID" indicated by the received "A-IoT Message 2" (or, the R2D transmission carrying it) is equal to the "Initial ID" indicated by the transmitted "A-IoT Message 1" (or, the D2R transmission carrying it).

[0347] ● The "first initial ID" indicated by the received "A-IoT message 2" (or, the R2D transmission carrying it) is equal to the "first initial ID" indicated by the transmitted "A-IoT message 1" (or, the D2R transmission carrying it).

[0348] ● The "Second Initial ID" indicated by the received "A-IoT Message 2" (or, the R2D transmission carrying it) is equal to the "Second Initial ID" indicated by the transmitted "A-IoT Message 1" (or, the D2R transmission carrying it).

[0349] In some respects, "A-IoT Message 2" may not be applicable to contention-free A-IoT access procedures.

[0350] In some respects, the stated One or more D2R transmissions can be triggered (or scheduled), wherein each D2R transmission can carry an "A-IoT Message 3" (or A-IoT Msg3), for example, to the device d j The “A-IoT message 3” can be denoted as Carrying the D2R transmission can be denoted as

[0351] In some respects, the stated (Or, the D2R transmission) The device d can be carried. j The device ID.

[0352] In some respects, “A-IoT Message 3” can be applied to competition-based A-IoT access processes.

[0353] In some respects, "A-IoT Message 3" may not be applicable to contention-free A-IoT access procedures.

[0354] In some respects, the R2D transmission Duration (e.g., denoted as The unit can be seconds, milliseconds, microseconds, nanoseconds, the number of R2D chips, the number of D2R chips, or the unit described above. The number of chips for the chip duration, or other units.

[0355] In some respects, D2R transmission Duration (e.g., denoted as The unit can be seconds, milliseconds, microseconds, nanoseconds, the number of D2R chips, the number of R2D chips, or the unit described above. The number of chips for the chip duration, or other units.

[0356] In some respects, the D2R transmission The start time (e.g., denoted as) ) and end time (e.g., denoted as Part or all of the R2D transmission can be determined at least in part based on part or all of the following: The start time (e.g., denoted as) The R2D transmission The end time (e.g., denoted as) A "first R2D to D2R time interval" (e.g., denoted as...) A "second R2D to D2R time interval" (e.g., denoted as...) ), and a "first R2D to D2R time offset" (e.g., denoted as ),in,

[0357] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a D2R chip index (i.e., the D2R transmission) The index of the first D2R chip, or an R2D chip index, or a [missing information] index. The chip index is the chip duration.

[0358] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a time unit in seconds (or milliseconds, or microseconds, or nanoseconds, or other time units).

[0359] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a D2R chip index (i.e., the D2R transmission) The index of the last D2R chip, or an R2D chip index, or a [missing information] index. The chip index is the chip duration.

[0360] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a time unit in seconds (or milliseconds, or microseconds, or nanoseconds, or other time units).

[0361] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be an R2D chip index (i.e., the R2D transmission) The index of the first R2D chip, or it can be a D2R chip index, or it can be a... This is a chip index representing the chip duration. In some aspects, the stated... It can be equal to 0.

[0362] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a time unit in seconds (or milliseconds, or microseconds, or nanoseconds, or other time units).

[0363] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be an R2D chip index (i.e., the R2D transmission) The index of the last R2D chip, or it can be a D2R chip index, or it can be a... The chip index is the chip duration.

[0364] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a time unit in seconds (or milliseconds, or microseconds, or nanoseconds, or other time units).

[0365] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can represent the interval between two times.

[0366] ●In some respects, the aforementioned The unit can be seconds, milliseconds, microseconds, nanoseconds, the number of D2R chips, the number of R2D chips, or something similar. The number of chips for the chip duration, or other units.

[0367] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0368] ●In some respects, the aforementioned Can be used with device d j It is unrelated to the type of device.

[0369] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be at least partially based on the device d j The type is determined. For example, for different device types, the... The predefined or preconfigured values ​​can be different.

[0370] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be used to represent a minimum time interval, for example, from the... To the The minimum time interval; for example, from the... To the The minimum time interval.

[0371] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can represent the interval between two times.

[0372] ●In some respects, the aforementioned The unit can be seconds, milliseconds, microseconds, nanoseconds, the number of D2R chips, the number of R2D chips, or something similar. The number of chips for the chip duration, or other units.

[0373] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0374] ●In some respects, the aforementioned Can be used with device d j It is unrelated to the type of device.

[0375] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be at least partially based on the device d j The type is determined. For example, for different device types, the... The predefined or preconfigured values ​​can be different.

[0376] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be used to represent a maximum time interval, for example, from the... To the The maximum time interval; for example, from the above To the The maximum time interval.

[0377] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be used to represent a time offset, for example, from the... The start time offset; for example, from the stated Start time offset.

[0378] ●In some respects, the aforementioned The unit can be seconds, milliseconds, microseconds, nanoseconds, the number of D2R chips, the number of R2D chips, or something similar. The number of chips for the chip duration, or other units.

[0379] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0380] ●In some respects, the aforementioned Can be used with device d j It is unrelated to the type of device.

[0381] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be at least partially based on the device d j The type is determined. For example, for different device types, the... The predefined or preconfigured values ​​can be different.

[0382] In some respects, the stated It can be a time offset that satisfies a "Type 1 reader-to-device transmission time offset condition", wherein the Type 1 reader-to-device transmission time offset condition may at least partially include one or more of the following (for example, the Type 1 reader-to-device transmission time offset condition may correspond to one or more of the following in an AND or OR combination):

[0383] ●The Greater than or equal to the

[0384] ●The Greater than the

[0385] ●The equal to the

[0386] ●The Less than or equal to the

[0387] ●The Smaller than the

[0388] ●The equal to the

[0389] In some respects, the stated It can be any time offset that satisfies the time offset condition for the transmission from the reader to the device in Type 1.

[0390] In some respects, the R2D transmission There can be a corresponding (or associated) "preamble", such as the R2D preamble, where,

[0391] ● In some respects, the R2D preamble can be used at least in part to provide an R2D timing acquisition signal.

[0392] ● In some aspects, the R2D leader may at least partially include a “start-indicator part” and a “clock-acquisition part”, wherein, in some aspects, in the time domain, the start-indicator part may immediately precede the clock-acquisition part.

[0393] ● In some aspects, the information indicated (or "provided") by the R2D preamble may be referred to as "initial R2D control information." For example, the initial R2D control information may include some or all of the following: the R2D transmission The start (e.g., this can be indicated by the start indicator portion), the μ R2D (For example, this can be partially indicated by the clock), and time-domain synchronization information (for example, this can be partially indicated by the clock).

[0394] ● In some respects, the R2D preamble is the R2D transmission. Part of it.

[0395] ● In some respects, the R2D preamble is not the R2D transmission. Part of it.

[0396] ● In some respects, the start indicator portion of the R2D preamble is the R2D transmission. Part of it.

[0397] ●In some respects, the start indicator portion in the R2D preamble is not part of the R2D transmission. Part of it.

[0398] ● In some respects, the clock acquisition portion of the R2D preamble is the R2D transmission. Part of it.

[0399] ●In some respects, the clock acquisition portion in the R2D preamble is not part of the R2D transmission. Part of it.

[0400] In some respects, the R2D transmission It may include a physical channel (e.g., called PRDCH, Physical Reader-to-Device Channel), wherein, in the time domain, the PRDCH may immediately follow the R2D transmission. The corresponding R2D preamble follows. For example, the PRDCH can be immediately following the clock acquisition section of the R2D preamble.

[0401] In some respects, the PRDCH may carry at least one or more of the following:

[0402] ● Higher-level payloads. For example, this may include at least part of, or all of, the following: higher-level data (e.g., data from the application layer) and higher-level control information (e.g., referred to as "higher-level R2D control information"). In some aspects, the higher-level R2D control information may include SI (system information), or may not include SI.

[0403] ● Physical layer control information (e.g., referred to as "physical layer R2D control information").

[0404] In some respects, the R2D transmission There can be a corresponding (or associated) "postamble", for example, called the R2D postamble, where,

[0405] ● In some respects, the R2D postscript can be used at least in part to indicate the R2D transmission. The end.

[0406] ● In some respects, the R2D postguide is the R2D transmission. Part of it.

[0407] ● In some respects, the R2D postlead is not the R2D transmission. Part of it.

[0408] In some respects, the R2D transmission can be... Different parts are applied with the same or different number of repetitions (N). rep "Chip-level repetition" of the R2D transmission. For example, this can be applied to the R2D transmission. The first part of the R2D chip (e.g., the R2D chip occupied by the R2D preamble) applies N rep =1 "chip-level repetition" (correspondingly, for example, in the first portion of R2D chips, the duration of each R2D chip can be the stated duration). Or it could be the aforementioned ), and for the R2D transmission The second part of the R2D chip (e.g., the R2D chip occupied by the PRDCH) applies N. rep =2 "chip-level repetition" (correspondingly, for example, in the second part of the R2D chips, the duration of each R2D chip can be...) Or it could be the aforementioned ).

[0409] In some respects, each R2D transmission carrying an SI can be used to provide an SI “instance”, where,

[0410] ● Each SI instance can be used to indicate the value of one or more parameters, each of which can be called an "SI parameter".

[0411] ● In some respects, each SI parameter (or its value) can be applied to multiple devices (e.g., all devices; or all target devices of the R2D transmission carrying the SI; or all devices triggered or scheduled by the R2D transmission carrying the SI).

[0412] ● In some aspects, all SI parameters (and / or their values) within an SI instance can be valid within an "SI time window" associated with that SI instance, where the SI time window can also be considered the SI time window associated with the SI parameters. In some aspects, this mechanism allows R2D transfers (if any) within the SI time window to either no longer indicate the values ​​of the SI parameters, or only indicate the updated values ​​of the SI parameters. In some aspects, after the end time of an SI time window is reached (or after the end time has elapsed), all SI parameters (and / or their values) associated with that SI time window can be discarded.

[0413] In some respects, the indication information in an R2D transmission may include at least some or all of the following: the initial R2D control information carried by the R2D preamble corresponding to the R2D transmission, the physical layer R2D control information carried by the PRDCH in the R2D transmission, and the higher-layer R2D control information carried by the PRDCH in the R2D transmission.

[0414] In some respects, the R2D transmission The indication information in the document can be used, at least in part, for some or all of the following: the R2D transmission. and the D2R transmission as well as

[0415] In some respects, for an R2D transmission, "physical layer R2D control information" can refer to the initial R2D control information carried in the R2D preamble corresponding to the R2D transmission and the physical layer R2D control information carried in the PRDCH of the R2D transmission.

[0416] In some respects, the SI time window corresponding to an SI instance can be determined at least in part based on some or all of the following: the end time of an R2D transmission carrying the SI instance associated with the SI time window, and an "SI time window length" (e.g., denoted as ). ), in some aspects, the stated It can be measured in units of R2D chip count; in some respects, the aforementioned It can be a satisfaction Integers; in some respects, the stated It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0417] For example, if the R2D transmission If an SI instance is included, the SI time window associated with that SI instance can begin at the R2D chip. (e.g., containing the R2D chip) For example, if it does not include the aforementioned R2D chip And it ends with the R2D chip. (e.g., containing the R2D chip) For example, if it does not include the aforementioned R2D chip ),in,

[0418] ●In some respects, It can be equal to One R2D chip, or it can be equal to One R2D chip, or it can be equal to One R2D chip.

[0419] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be equal to the stated Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to In some aspects, the aforementioned It can be a satisfaction Integers; in some respects, the stated It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0420] In some respects, a CRC attachment can be performed on all the information carried by the PRDCH together.

[0421] In some respects, CRC attachment can be performed on some or all of the different types of information carried by the PRDCH (e.g., higher-layer data, higher-layer R2D control information, and physical layer R2D control information) separately (e.g., using the same CRC calculation method or using different CRC calculation methods), while CRC attachment is not performed on other information carried by the PRDCH (if any).

[0422] In some respects, line coding can be performed together on different types of information carried by the PRDCH (e.g., higher-layer data, higher-layer R2D control information, and physical layer R2D control information).

[0423] In some respects, line coding may be performed on some or all of the different types of information carried by the PRDCH (e.g., higher-layer data, higher-layer R2D control information, and physical layer R2D control information) (e.g., using the same line coding scheme for different types of information, or using different line coding schemes), while no line coding is performed on other information carried by the PRDCH (if any).

[0424] In some respects, line coding may not be performed on some or all of the different types of information carried by the PRDCH (e.g., higher-layer data, higher-layer R2D control information, and physical layer R2D control information), while line coding may be performed on other information carried by the PRDCH (if any) (e.g., using the same line coding scheme for different types of information, or using different line coding schemes).

[0425] In some respects, the PRDCH can be derived from... It consists of several "PRDCH segments" (or "PRDCH parts"), for example, denoted in chronological order as follows: as well as in,

[0426] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a satisfaction Integers. In some respects, the stated It can be a predefined or preconfigured value (e.g., For example, For example, This can be interpreted as either a predefined or pre-configured parameter, or in some respects, the aforementioned... It can be transmitted at least in part according to the R2D. The corresponding indication information in the R2D preamble is determined. For example, the... It can be at least in part based on the above The instructions within are determined. In some aspects, for The PRDCH fragment It can be equivalent to the aforementioned PRDCH.

[0427] ●In some respects, the aforementioned The types (or purposes) of information carried by each PRDCH fragment can be exactly the same, partially the same, or completely different. For example, It can carry SI, and as well as It can carry information specific to different devices (or groups of devices) (e.g., higher-level payloads, higher-level R2D control information, and physical-level R2D control information). For example, as well as It can carry information for different devices (or groups of devices) separately (e.g., including higher-level payloads, higher-level R2D control information, and physical-level R2D control information).

[0428] ●In some respects, the aforementioned The target devices (or groups of devices) of a PRDCH fragment can be completely identical, partially identical, or completely different. For example, It can carry an SI (System Indicator), and the corresponding target device can be any device. For example, It can carry higher-level payloads specific to a particular device, as well as R2D control information for scheduling the device. For example, It can carry higher-level payloads for a particular group of devices, as well as R2D control information for scheduling the group of devices.

[0429] ●In some respects, the aforementioned The cast type of a PRDCH segment can be exactly the same, partially the same, or completely different. For example, It can carry an SI, and correspondingly, the propagation type can be "broadcast". For example, It can carry higher-level payloads specific to a device, as well as R2D control information for scheduling the device; correspondingly, the propagation type can be "unicast". For example, It can carry higher-level payloads for a particular group of devices, as well as R2D control information for scheduling the group of devices; correspondingly, the propagation type can be "multicast".

[0430] ●In some respects, the aforementioned CRC attachment is performed together with each PRDCH fragment.

[0431] ●In some respects, the aforementioned CRC attachment is performed on some or all of the PRDCH segments (e.g., using the same CRC calculation method or using different CRC calculation methods), while CRC attachment is not performed on the remaining PRDCH segments (if any).

[0432] ●In some respects, the aforementioned Line coding is performed together with each PRDCH segment.

[0433] ●In some respects, the aforementioned Some or all of the PRDCH segments are line-coded (e.g., using the same line coding scheme or using different line coding schemes), while the remaining PRDCH segments (if any) are not line-coded.

[0434] In some aspects, in the R2D transmission In the corresponding R2D leader, the start indicator part can be... Each R2D chip (e.g., the corresponding R2D chip index is recorded sequentially according to time sequence) as well as Composed of, among which,

[0435] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a satisfaction Integers.

[0436] ●In some respects, the aforementioned An R2D chip can be a series of consecutive R2D chips; for example, where applicable, this can be represented as: for

[0437] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be equal to 0.

[0438] ●In some respects, the aforementioned Each R2D chip can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured or otherwise determined sequence of chip values ​​(e.g., indivual The sequence of chip values ​​formed; for example, indivual The sequence of chip values ​​formed; for example, Both include Also includes (The sequence of chip values).

[0439] ●In some respects, the aforementioned Each R2D chip can be actually corresponding to the start indicator portion. The R2D chip is obtained after chip filling, wherein the... It can be a satisfaction Integers. For example, the "chip filling" may refer to the... After filling an R2D chip A sequence of predefined or preconfigured or otherwise determined chip values ​​(e.g., composed of one or more...) A sequence of chip values; or, for example, a sequence of one or more chip values. (The sequence of chip values ​​formed).

[0440] ● In some aspects, the R2D transmission (Alternatively, the R2D preamble; or the start indicator portion) may begin with the R2D chip. The start time. For example, the... (For example, when it represents an R2D chip index) can be the R2D chip.

[0441] ● In some respects, the R2D preamble (or the start indicator portion) may end with the R2D chip. The end time.

[0442] ● In some aspects, the R2D transmission (Alternatively, the R2D preamble; or the clock acquisition section) may begin with the R2D chip. The end time.

[0443] ● In some aspects, the R2D transmission (Alternatively, the R2D preamble; or the clock acquisition section) may begin immediately following the R2D chip. The start time of the next R2D chip. For example, the (For example, when it represents an R2D chip index) can be the R2D chip.

[0444] ● In some respects, the chip The start time can be the start time of a certain OFDM symbol.

[0445] ● In some respects, the chip The start time may not be the start time of any OFDM symbol.

[0446] ● In some respects, the chip The end time can be the end time of a certain OFDM symbol.

[0447] ● In some respects, the chip The end time may not be the end time of any OFDM symbol.

[0448] ●In some respects, the aforementioned The duration of each R2D chip in a given R2D chip (e.g., denoted as...). ) can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter, or can be at least partially based on the μ. R2D The above The and the It may be determined in part or in whole, or it may be determined in other ways. In some respects, the stated It can be equal to Among them, the It can be equal to the stated Or it can be equal to the above. (Where, the corresponding OFDM symbol can be the OFDM symbol where the R2D chip is located), or it can be equal to the... In some respects, the stated It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter; in some respects, the... It can be an integer, or the reciprocal of an integer, or a decimal, for example, the one described. You can take a set One of the values ​​in the set, wherein, in some respects, the set It may be a subset of the set MF0; in some respects, the set It can be a predefined or preconfigured set, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter. In some respects, the... The unit can be a second, a millisecond, a microsecond, a nanosecond, or other units.

[0449] In some respects, the stated One R2D chip as well as Can correspond OFDM symbols (e.g., the corresponding OFDM symbol indices are recorded sequentially in chronological order) as well as ),in,

[0450] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a satisfaction Integers.

[0451] ●In some respects, the aforementioned A single OFDM symbol can be a series of consecutive OFDM symbols; for example, where applicable, this can be represented as: [The text abruptly ends here, so the translation stops as well.]

[0452] ● In some aspects, the R2D transmission (Alternatively, the R2D leader; or the start indicator portion) may begin with the OFDM symbol. The start time.

[0453] ● In some respects, the R2D lead-in (or, the start indicator portion) may terminate at the OFDM symbol. The end time.

[0454] ● In some aspects, the R2D transmission (Alternatively, the R2D preamble; or the clock acquisition section) may begin with the OFDM symbol. The end time.

[0455] ● In some aspects, the R2D transmission (Alternatively, the R2D preamble; or the clock acquisition section) may begin immediately following the OFDM symbol. The start time of the next OFDM symbol.

[0456] ●In some respects, the aforementioned The number of R2D chips in each OFDM symbol (e.g., denoted as ) in a OFDM symbol ) can be a satisfaction Integers, for example, the You can take a set One of the values ​​in the set, wherein, in some respects, the set It can be a subset of the set MF1 = {1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32}; in some respects, the set It can be a predefined or preconfigured set, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter. In some respects, the... It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0457] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be the above Integer multiples of. For example, Accordingly, for example, for OFDM symbol In The R2D chips are arranged in chronological order as follows: as well as

[0458] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It may not be what is described. Integer multiples of, for example, in, It can be smaller than the one described. Integers, correspondingly, for example, for OFDM symbol In The R2D chips are arranged in chronological order as follows: as well as For example, regarding OFDM symbol In The R2D chips are arranged in chronological order as follows: as well as In some aspects, the time-domain synchronization information indicated by the clock acquisition section in the R2D preamble may at least partially include chip synchronization information (e.g., chip boundaries; chip timing; chip duration), wherein, in some aspects, the chip synchronization information may at least partially be used in the PRDCH.

[0459] In some respects, in the R2D preamble, the clock acquisition section can be... Each R2D chip (e.g., the corresponding R2D chip index is recorded sequentially according to time sequence) as well as Composed of, among which,

[0460] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a satisfaction Integers.

[0461] ●In some respects, the aforementioned An R2D chip can be a series of consecutive R2D chips; for example, where applicable, this can be represented as: for

[0462] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be equal to 0.

[0463] ●In some respects, the aforementioned Each R2D chip can be actually corresponding to the start indicator portion. The R2D chip is obtained after chip filling, wherein the... It can be a satisfaction Integers. For example, the "chip filling" may refer to the... After filling an R2D chip A sequence of predefined or preconfigured or otherwise determined chip values ​​(e.g., composed of one or more...) A sequence of chip values; or, for example, a sequence of one or more chip values. (The sequence of chip values ​​formed).

[0464] ● In some aspects, the R2D transmission (Alternatively, the R2D preamble; or the clock acquisition section) may begin with the R2D chip. The start time. For example, the... (For example, when it represents an R2D chip index) can be the R2D chip.

[0465] ● In some respects, the R2D preamble (or the start indicator portion) may end with the R2D chip. The end time.

[0466] ● In some aspects, the R2D transmission It can begin with the R2D chip. The end time.

[0467] ● In some aspects, the R2D transmission It can begin immediately following the R2D chip. The start time of the next R2D chip. For example, the (For example, when it represents an R2D chip index) can be the R2D chip.

[0468] ● In some respects, the chip The start time can be the start time of a certain OFDM symbol.

[0469] ● In some respects, the chip The start time may not be the start time of any OFDM symbol.

[0470] ● In some respects, the chip The end time can be the end time of a certain OFDM symbol.

[0471] ● In some respects, the chip The end time may not be the end time of any OFDM symbol.

[0472] ●In some respects, the aforementioned The duration of each R2D chip in a given R2D chip (e.g., denoted as...). It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter, or it can be at least partially based on the μR2D, the... The The The and the It may be determined in part or in whole, or it may be determined in other ways. In some respects, the stated It can be equal to In some aspects, the aforementioned It can be equal to the stated Or it can be equal to the above. (Where, the corresponding OFDM symbol can be the OFDM symbol where the R2D chip is located), or it can be equal to the... Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. In some respects, the stated It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter, or it can be indicated by the start indicator portion; in some aspects, the It can be an integer, or the reciprocal of an integer, or a decimal, for example, the one described. You can take a set One of the values ​​in the set, wherein, in some respects, the set It may be a subset of the set MF0; in some respects, the set It can be a predefined or preconfigured set, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter. In some respects, the... The unit can be a second, a millisecond, a microsecond, a nanosecond, or other units.

[0473] In some respects, the stated One R2D chip as well as Can correspond OFDM symbols (e.g., the corresponding OFDM symbol indices are recorded sequentially in chronological order) as well as ),in,

[0474] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a satisfaction Integers.

[0475] ●In some respects, the aforementioned A single OFDM symbol can be a series of consecutive OFDM symbols; for example, where applicable, this can be represented as: [The text abruptly ends here, so the translation stops as well.]

[0476] ● In some aspects, the R2D transmission (Alternatively, the R2D preamble; or the clock acquisition section) may begin with the OFDM symbol. The start time.

[0477] ● In some respects, the R2D preamble (or the clock acquisition section) may terminate at the OFDM symbol. The end time.

[0478] ● In some aspects, the R2D transmission It can begin with the OFDM symbol. The end time.

[0479] ● In some aspects, the R2D transmission It can begin immediately following the OFDM symbol. The start time of the next OFDM symbol.

[0480] ●In some respects, the aforementioned The number of R2D chips in each OFDM symbol (e.g., denoted as ) in a OFDM symbol ) can be a satisfaction Integers, for example, the You can take a set One of the values ​​in the set, wherein, in some respects, the set It may be a subset of the set MF1; in some respects, the set It can be a predefined or preconfigured set, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter. In some respects, the... It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter, or it can be determined at least in part based on the indication information in the start indicator section, or it can be determined at least in part based on the... Determine (for example, ).

[0481] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be the above Integer multiples of. For example, Accordingly, for example, for OFDM symbol In The R2D chips are arranged in chronological order as follows: as well as

[0482] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It may not be what is described. Integer multiples of, for example, in, It can be smaller than the one described. Integers, correspondingly, for example, for OFDM symbol In The R2D chips are arranged in chronological order as follows: as well as For example, regarding OFDM symbol In The R2D chips are arranged in chronological order as follows: as well as

[0483] In some respects, the stated It can be determined at least in part based on the R2D precursor (e.g., the start indicator section; or, for example, the clock acquisition section). For example, the It can be equal to Or it can be equal to in,

[0484] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be determined at least in part based on the indication information in the clock acquisition section (or the start indicator section).

[0485] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be an integer, or the reciprocal of an integer, or a decimal, for example, the one described. You can take a set One of the values ​​in the set, wherein, in some respects, the set It may be a subset of the set MF0; in some respects, the set It can be a predefined or preconfigured set, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0486] In some respects, the stated It can be determined at least in part based on the R2D precursor (e.g., the start indicator section; or, for example, the clock acquisition section). For example, the It can be equal to Or it can be equal to in,

[0487] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be determined at least in part based on the indication information in the clock acquisition section (or the start indicator section).

[0488] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be an integer, or the reciprocal of an integer, or a decimal, for example, the one described. You can take a set One of the values ​​in the set, wherein, in some respects, the set It may be a subset of the set MF0; in some respects, the set It can be a predefined or preconfigured set, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0489] In some respects, PRDCH fragment It can be by Each R2D chip (e.g., the corresponding R2D chip index is recorded sequentially according to time sequence) as well as Composed of, among which,

[0490] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a satisfaction Integers.

[0491] ●In some respects, the aforementioned An R2D chip can be a series of consecutive R2D chips; for example, where applicable, this can be represented as: for

[0492] ●In some respects, It can be equal to 0.

[0493] ●In some respects, the aforementioned An R2D chip can be generated from the PRDCH fragment. The actual corresponding The R2D chip is obtained after chip filling, wherein the... It can be a satisfaction Integers. For example, the "chip filling" may refer to the... After filling an R2D chip A sequence of predefined or preconfigured or otherwise determined chip values ​​(e.g., composed of one or more...) A sequence of chip values; or, for example, a sequence of one or more chip values. (The sequence of chip values ​​formed).

[0494] ● In some respects, the PRDCH fragment It can begin with the chip The start time.

[0495] ● In some respects, the PRDCH fragment It can end with the chip. The end time.

[0496] ● In some respects, the chip The start time can be the start time of a certain OFDM symbol.

[0497] ● In some respects, the chip The start time may not be the start time of any OFDM symbol.

[0498] ● In some respects, the chip The end time can be the end time of a certain OFDM symbol.

[0499] ● In some respects, the chip The end time may not be the end time of any OFDM symbol.

[0500] In some respects, regarding the PRDCH fragment The One R2D chip as well as Can correspond OFDM symbols (e.g., the corresponding OFDM symbol indices are recorded sequentially in chronological order) as well as ),in,

[0501] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a satisfaction Integers.

[0502] ●In some respects, the aforementioned A single OFDM symbol can be a series of consecutive OFDM symbols; for example, where applicable, this can be represented as: [The text abruptly ends here, so the translation stops as well.]

[0503] ● In some respects, the PRDCH fragment It can begin with the OFDM symbol. The start time.

[0504] ● In some respects, the PRDCH fragment It can end at the OFDM symbol. The end time.

[0505] ● In some respects, regarding the PRDCH fragment The number of R2D chips in each OFDM symbol (e.g., denoted as ) ) can be a satisfaction Integers. In some respects, the stated It can be independent of k, or it can be determined at least partially by k. For example, for in You can take a set One of the values ​​in the set, wherein, in some respects, the set It may be a subset of the set MF1; in some respects, the set It can be a predefined or preconfigured set, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter. In some respects, the... It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter, or it can be determined at least in part based on indication information in the R2D preamble (e.g., the start indicator portion in the R2D preamble; or, for example, the clock acquisition portion in the R2D preamble), or it can be determined at least in part based on some or all of the following: and the (For example, For example, ).

[0506] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be the above Integer multiples of, for example, Accordingly, for example, for OFDM symbol In The R2D chips are arranged in chronological order as follows: as well as

[0507] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It may not be what is described. Integer multiples of, for example, in, It can be smaller than the one described. Integers, correspondingly, for example, for OFDM symbol In The R2D chips are arranged in chronological order as follows: as well as For example, regarding OFDM symbol In The R2D chips are arranged in chronological order as follows: as well as

[0508] In some respects, regarding the PRDCH fragment And to OFDM symbol The first R2D chip in (e.g., The duration of ) can be equal to Other R2D chips (e.g., as well as For example, as well as The duration of each R2D chip in the R2D chip can be equal to in,

[0509] ●In some respects, the aforementioned The unit can be a second, a millisecond, a microsecond, a nanosecond, or other units.

[0510] ●In some respects, the aforementioned The unit can be a second, a millisecond, a microsecond, a nanosecond, or other units.

[0511] ●In some respects, it can be based on the above. Determine the

[0512] ●In some respects, it can be based on the above. Determine the

[0513] ●In some respects, the aforementioned and stated They can be equal (i.e.) ).

[0514] ●In some respects, the aforementioned and stated They can be unequal (i.e.) For example, the It can be at least in part based on the above Determined; for example, the aforementioned It can be at least in part based on the above Determined. Specifically, for example, the stated It can be equal to Among them, the It can be the OFDM symbol. CP duration (e.g., for normal CP, for OFDM symbol index 0 or 0 within the subframe) The It can be equal to For the indexing of other OFDM symbols within the subframe, the It can be equal to ).

[0515] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It may be partially or completely unrelated to i and k. In the... In the absence of i and k, the above can be described Recorded as

[0516] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be determined, at least partially, based on some or all of i and k.

[0517] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It may be partially or completely unrelated to i and k. In the... In the absence of i and k, the above can be described Recorded as

[0518] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be determined, at least partially, based on some or all of i and k.

[0519] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value (e.g., a value that is independent of i and k).

[0520] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter (e.g., a parameter whose value is independent of i and k).

[0521] ●In some respects, the aforementioned This can be determined at least in part based on indication information in the R2D precursor (e.g., the start indicator portion; or, for example, the clock acquisition portion). For example, for satisfying... Part of (e.g., k = 0) or all of k, the It can be indicated by the R2D leader.

[0522] ●In some respects, The It can be at least partially based on the PRDCH fragment. The control information (e.g., physical layer R2D control information; or higher layer R2D control information) is determined.

[0523] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be determined, at least in part, based on some or all of the following: the k, the μ R2D The The The The The The The and the For example, the It can be equal to In some aspects, the aforementioned It can be equal to the stated Or it can be equal to the above. (Where, the OFDM symbol corresponding to an R2D chip can be the OFDM symbol where the R2D chip is located), or it can be equal to the... Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. In some respects, the stated It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter; in some respects, the... It can be an integer, or the reciprocal of an integer, or a decimal, for example, the one described. You can take a set One of the values ​​in the set, wherein, in some respects, the set It may be a subset of the set MF0; in some respects, the set It can be a predefined or preconfigured set, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter; in some respects, the... It can be independent of k; correspondingly, the aforementioned Recorded as In some respects, the set It can be independent of k; correspondingly, the set can be... Recorded as

[0524] In some respects, the part immediately following the start indicator corresponds to The last R2D chip in a series of R2D chips. The next R2D chip may be the one corresponding to the clock acquisition section. The first R2D chip in a series of R2D chips For example, where applicable, this can be expressed as

[0525] In some respects, the part immediately following the start indicator corresponds to The last OFDM symbol in a set of OFDM symbols The next OFDM symbol can be the one corresponding to the clock acquisition section. The first OFDM symbol in a set of OFDM symbols For example, where applicable, this can be expressed as

[0526] In some respects, the portion immediately following the clock acquisition section corresponds to The last R2D chip in a series of R2D chips. The next R2D chip could be a PRDCH fragment. Corresponding The first R2D chip in a series of R2D chips For example, where applicable, this can be expressed as

[0527] In some respects, the portion immediately following the clock acquisition section corresponds to The last OFDM symbol in a set of OFDM symbols The next OFDM symbol could be a PRDCH fragment. Corresponding The first OFDM symbol in a set of OFDM symbols For example, where applicable, this can be expressed as

[0528] In some respects, Following the PRDCH fragment Corresponding The last R2D chip in a series of R2D chips. The next R2D chip could be a PRDCH fragment. Corresponding The first R2D chip in a series of R2D chips For example, where applicable, this can be expressed as

[0529] In some respects, Following the PRDCH fragment Corresponding The last OFDM symbol in a set of OFDM symbols The next OFDM symbol could be a PRDCH fragment. Corresponding The first OFDM symbol in a set of OFDM symbols For example, where applicable, this can be expressed as

[0530] In some respects, the PRDCH may begin with the chip. The start time.

[0531] In some respects, the PRDCH may terminate at the chip. The end time.

[0532] In some respects, the PRDCH may begin with the OFDM symbol. The start time.

[0533] In some respects, the PRDCH may terminate at the OFDM symbol. The end time.

[0534] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can begin with the chip The start time. For example, the... (For example, when it represents an R2D chip index) can be the R2D chip.

[0535] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can end with the chip. The end time. For example, the... (For example, when it represents an R2D chip index) can be the R2D chip.

[0536] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can begin with the OFDM symbol. The start time.

[0537] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can end at the OFDM symbol. The end time.

[0538] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can end at the end time of the R2D post-leader.

[0539] In some respects, the stated The and the Some or all of them can be equal.

[0540] In some respects, the stated The and the Some or all of them can correspond to the same parameter.

[0541] In some respects, the stated The and the It can correspond to three different parameters.

[0542] In some respects, D2R transmission There can be a corresponding (or associated) "preamble", such as the D2R preamble (e.g., denoted as...). ),in,

[0543] ● In some respects, the D2R preamble It can be used at least partially to provide D2R timing acquisition signals.

[0544] ● In some respects, the D2R preamble It may at least partially include a "start-indicator part" (e.g., denoted as...). ) and / or a "clock-acquisition part" (e.g., denoted as ), wherein, in some aspects, in the time domain, the start indicator portion It can be immediately followed by the clock acquisition section Front.

[0545] ● In some respects, the D2R preamble The indicated (or “provided”) information may be referred to as “initial D2R control information.” For example, the initial D2R control information may include some or all of the following: the D2R transmission. The start (for example, this can be determined by the start indicator section) Indication), and time-domain synchronization information (e.g., this can be obtained from the clock portion). instruct).

[0546] ● In some respects, the start indicator section and the clock acquisition section It can be the D2R leader. The same part in.

[0547] ● In some respects, the D2R preamble It is the D2R transmission Part of it.

[0548] ● In some respects, the D2R preamble Not the D2R transmission mentioned Part of it.

[0549] ● In some respects, the start indicator section It is the D2R transmission Part of it.

[0550] ● In some respects, the start indicator section Not the D2R transmission mentioned Part of it.

[0551] ● In some aspects, the clock acquisition section It is the D2R transmission Part of it.

[0552] ● In some aspects, the clock acquisition section Not the D2R transmission mentioned Part of it.

[0553] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can include a physical channel (e.g., called PDRCH, Physical Device-to-Reader Channel), for example denoted as... In the time domain, the PDRCH It can be immediately followed by the D2R transmission The corresponding D2R leader Following. For example, the PDRCH It can be immediately followed by the clock acquisition section later.

[0554] In some respects, the PDRCH It may carry at least partially one or more of the following:

[0555] ● Higher-level payloads. For example, this may include at least part of or all of the following: higher-level data (e.g., data from the application layer) and higher-level control information (e.g., referred to as "higher-level D2R control information").

[0556] ● Physical layer control information (e.g., referred to as "physical layer D2R control information").

[0557] In some respects, the D2R transmission (Or, specifically, the PDRCH) There can be one or more corresponding (or associated) midambles, such as the D2R midamble, where...

[0558] ● In some respects, the one or more D2R intermediates can be used at least in part for time-domain tracking, frequency-domain tracking, channel estimation, and some or all of interference estimation.

[0559] ● In some respects, the one or more D2R intermediate conductors are the D2R transmissions. Part of it.

[0560] ●In some respects, the one or more D2R intermediate conductors are not the D2R transmission. Part of it.

[0561] ● In some respects, the one or more D2R intermediates are the PDRCH Part of it.

[0562] ● In some respects, the one or more D2R intermediates are not the PDRCH. Part of it.

[0563] In some respects, the D2R transmission can be... Different parts are applied with the same or different number of repetitions (N). rep "Chip-level repetition" of the D2R transmission. For example, this can be applied to the D2R transmission. The first part of the D2R chip (e.g., the D2R preamble) The D2R chip occupied) application N rep =1 "chip-level repetition" (correspondingly, for example, in the first portion of D2R chips, the duration of each D2R chip can be the stated duration). Or it could be the aforementioned The second part of the D2R transmission (e.g., the PDRCH) is used for the D2R chip. The D2R chip occupied) application N rep =2 "chip-level repetition" (correspondingly, for example, in the second part of the D2R chips, the duration of each D2R chip can be...) Or it could be the aforementioned ).

[0564] In all embodiments and implementations of this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, “D2R control information” may refer to some or all of the following: initial D2R control information, physical layer D2R control information, and higher layer D2R control information.

[0565] In some respects, the PDRCH can be... All the information carried is used to perform CRC attachment.

[0566] In some respects, the PDRCH can be... Perform CRC attachment (e.g., using the same CRC calculation method or different CRC calculation methods) on some or all of the different types of information carried (e.g., higher-layer data, higher-layer D2R control information, and physical layer D2R control information) on the PDRCH. Other information carried (if any) will not be subject to CRC attachment.

[0567] In some respects, the PDRCH can be... The different types of information carried (e.g., higher-layer data, higher-layer D2R control information, and physical layer D2R control information) are used together to perform line coding.

[0568] In some respects, the PDRCH can be... The PDRCH performs line coding on some or all of the different types of information carried (e.g., higher-layer data, higher-layer D2R control information, and physical layer D2R control information) (e.g., using the same line coding scheme for different types of information, or using different line coding schemes). Other information carried (if any) will not be wire-coded.

[0569] In some respects, the PDRCH can be... Some or all of the different types of information carried (e.g., higher-layer data, higher-layer D2R control information, and physical layer D2R control information) are not line-coded for the PDRCH. Other information carried (if any) is then line-coded (e.g., using the same line coding scheme for different types of information, or using different line coding schemes).

[0570] In some respects, in the frequency domain, the D2R transmission The frequency resources used (e.g., denoted as) The lowest frequency and center frequency of () can be denoted as and The (or, the aforementioned) ) relative to the The frequency shift can be denoted as in,

[0571] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can represent an index (e.g., the lowest RB index; or the lowest subcarrier index; or the lowest subchannel index; or the lowest RB group index), or it can represent an absolute frequency (e.g., MHz; for example, (kHz), or it can be expressed in other ways.

[0572] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can represent an index (e.g., center RB index; center subcarrier index; center subchannel index; center RB group index), or it can represent an absolute frequency (e.g., For example, (kHz), or it can be expressed in other ways.

[0573] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a number of frequency resource units (e.g., the number of RBs; the number of subcarriers; the number of subchannels; the number of RB groups), or it can be an offset from an absolute frequency (e.g., MHz; for example, (kHz), or it can be expressed in other ways.

[0574] In some respects, in the frequency domain, the D2R transmission The bandwidth corresponding to the frequency resources used can be referred to as the D2R transmission. The "transmission bandwidth", for example, denoted as The above It can be a satisfaction Integers; the The unit can be RB (for example, the transmission bandwidth can be equal to the unit of RB). (or, the μ) R2D ) for SCS configuration (a number of RBs), or it could be a subcarrier (e.g., the transmission bandwidth could be equal to the number of RBs). (or, the μ) R2D ) for SCS configuration (a subcarrier), or it can be kHz (for example, the transmission bandwidth can be equal to 10000 kHz). (kHz), or other units. In some respects, the total bandwidth corresponding to the frequency resource and its guard band can be referred to as the D2R transmission. "Occupied bandwidth", for example, denoted as The above It can be a satisfaction Integers; the The unit can be RB (for example, the occupied bandwidth can be equal to the bandwidth of the RB). (or, the μ) R2D ) Configured for SCS (a number of RBs), or it could be a subcarrier (e.g., the occupied bandwidth could be equal to the bandwidth of the RBs). (or, the μ) R2D ) for SCS configuration (a subcarrier), or it could be kHz (for example, the occupied bandwidth could be equal to) (kHz), or it can be other units.

[0575] In some respects, the D2R preamble It can be by Each D2R chip (e.g., the corresponding D2R chip index is recorded sequentially according to time sequence) as well as Composed of, among which,

[0576] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a satisfaction Integers.

[0577] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be independent of j (for example, in this case, the stated Recorded as In some respects, the aforementioned It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0578] ●In some respects, the aforementioned A D2R chip can be a series of consecutive D2R chips; for example, where applicable, this can be represented as: for

[0579] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be equal to 0.

[0580] ●In some respects, the aforementioned Each D2R chip can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured or otherwise determined sequence of chip values ​​(e.g., indivual The sequence of chip values ​​formed; for example, indivual The sequence of chip values ​​formed; for example, Both include Also includes (The sequence of chip values).

[0581] ●In some respects, the aforementioned A D2R chip can be generated from the D2R preamble. The actual corresponding The D2R chips are obtained after chip filling, wherein the... It can be a satisfaction Integers. For example, the "chip filling" may refer to the... After filling an R2D chip A sequence of predefined or preconfigured or otherwise determined chip values ​​(e.g., composed of one or more...) A sequence of chip values; or, for example, a sequence of one or more chip values. (The sequence of chip values ​​formed).

[0582] ● In some aspects, the D2R transmission (Or, the D2R preamble) It can begin with the D2R chip. The start time. For example, the... (For example, when it represents a D2R chip index) can be the D2R chip.

[0583] ● In some respects, the D2R preamble It can end with the D2R chip. The end time.

[0584] ● In some aspects, the D2R transmission It can begin with the D2R chip. The end time.

[0585] ● In some aspects, the D2R transmission It can begin immediately following the D2R chip. The start time of the next D2R chip. For example, the (For example, when it represents a D2R chip index) can be the D2R chip.

[0586] ●In some respects, the aforementioned A portion of a D2R chip (e.g., the start indicator portion) The corresponding portion or all of the code chips; for example, the clock acquisition section. The duration of each D2R chip (e.g., denoted as the corresponding partial or all chips) or all of them. It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter, or it can be at least partially based on the μR2D, the... The The The The The The The The The The and the It may be determined in part or in whole, or it may be determined in other ways. For example, the... It can be equal to In some aspects, the aforementioned It can be independent of j (for example, in this case, the stated Recorded as In some respects, the aforementioned (or, the aforementioned) ) can be equal to the stated Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. In some respects, the stated It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter; in some respects, the... It can be independent of j (for example, in this case, the stated Recorded as ), in some aspects, the stated It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter; in some respects, the... It can be an integer, or the reciprocal of an integer, or a decimal, for example, the one described. You can take a set One of the values ​​in the set, wherein, in some respects, the set It may be a subset of the set MF0; in some respects, the set It can be a predefined or preconfigured set, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter. In some respects, the... The unit can be a second, a millisecond, a microsecond, a nanosecond, or other units. In some respects, the stated... It can be independent of j (for example, in this case, the stated Recorded as ), in some aspects, the stated It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0587] In some aspects, the clock acquisition section The indicated time-domain synchronization information may at least partially include chip synchronization information (e.g., chip boundaries; chip timing; chip duration), wherein, in some aspects, the chip synchronization information may at least partially be used in the PDRCH.

[0588] In some respects, the PDRCH It can be by Each D2R chip (e.g., the corresponding D2R chip index is recorded sequentially according to time sequence) as well as Composed of, among which,

[0589] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a satisfaction Integers.

[0590] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be independent of j (for example, in this case, the stated Recorded as In some respects, the aforementioned It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0591] ●In some respects, the aforementioned A D2R chip can be a series of consecutive D2R chips; for example, where applicable, this can be represented as: for

[0592] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be equal to 0.

[0593] ●In some respects, the aforementioned A D2R chip can be generated by the PDRCH The actual corresponding The D2R chips are obtained after chip filling, wherein the... It can be a satisfaction Integers. For example, the "chip filling" may refer to the... After filling a D2R chip A sequence of predefined or preconfigured or otherwise determined chip values ​​(e.g., composed of one or more...) A sequence of chip values; or, for example, a sequence of one or more chip values. (The sequence of chip values ​​formed).

[0594] ● In some respects, the PDRCH It can begin with the chip The start time.

[0595] ● In some respects, the PDRCH It can end with the chip. The end time.

[0596] ●In some respects, the aforementioned The duration of each D2R chip in a D2R chip (e.g., denoted as...) It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter, or it can be at least partially based on the μR2D, the... The The The The The The The The The The The and the It may be determined in part or in whole, or it may be determined in other ways. For example, the... It can be equal to In some aspects, the aforementioned It can be independent of j (for example, in this case, the stated Recorded as In some respects, the aforementioned (or, the aforementioned) ) can be equal to the stated Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. In some respects, the stated It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter; in some respects, the... It can be independent of j (for example, in this case, the stated Recorded as ), in some aspects, the stated It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter; in some respects, the... It can be an integer, or the reciprocal of an integer, or a decimal, for example, the one described. You can take a set One of the values ​​in the set, wherein, in some respects, the set It may be a subset of the set MF0; in some respects, the set It can be a predefined or preconfigured set, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter. In some respects, the... The unit can be a second, a millisecond, a microsecond, a nanosecond, or other units. In some respects, the stated... It can be independent of j (for example, in this case, the stated Recorded as ), in some aspects, the stated It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0597] In some respects, the PDRCH The chip overhead can be denoted as The corresponding chip efficiency and the number of square wave cycles per bit can be denoted as follows: and

[0598] In some respects, the stated It can be independent of j (for example, in this case, the stated Recorded as ), or can be determined at least partially based on j.

[0599] In some respects, the stated It can be independent of j (for example, in this case, the stated Recorded as ), or can be determined at least partially based on j.

[0600] In some respects, the stated It can be independent of j (for example, in this case, the stated Recorded as ), or can be determined at least partially based on j.

[0601] In some respects, the stated and stated They can correspond to the same parameter.

[0602] In some respects, the stated and stated It can correspond to different parameters.

[0603] In some respects, the stated and stated They can correspond to the same parameter.

[0604] In some respects, the stated and stated It can correspond to different parameters.

[0605] In some respects, the stated and stated They can correspond to the same parameter.

[0606] In some respects, the stated and stated It can correspond to different parameters.

[0607] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can begin with the chip The start time. For example, the... (For example, when it represents a D2R chip index) can be the D2R chip.

[0608] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can end with the chip. The end time. For example, the... (For example, when it represents a D2R chip index) can be the D2R chip.

[0609] In some respects, the stated and stated They can correspond to the same parameter.

[0610] In some respects, the stated and stated It can correspond to different parameters.

[0611] In some respects, the stated It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0612] In some respects, the stated It can be at least in part based on the above The and the Part or all of it is determined. For example, the... It can be equal to Seconds, in some respects, the stated It can be a satisfaction Integers; in some respects, the stated It can be equal to the stated Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. In some respects, the stated It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0613] In some respects, the stated It can be equal to Seconds, in some respects, the stated It can be a satisfaction Integers, for example, the A value can be taken from a subset of the set MF1; in some respects, the It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0614] In some respects, the stated It can be at least partially based on the μ R2D The above The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The and the It can be partially or completely determined, or it can be determined in other ways. For example, for different μ... R2D The value, the The corresponding predefined or preconfigured values ​​can be different. For example, for different... The value, the The corresponding predefined or preconfigured values ​​can be different.

[0615] In some respects, the stated It can be equal to the stated Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above.

[0616] In some respects, the stated It can be equal to the stated The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The and the The minimum value among some or all of them. For example, For example, For example,

[0617] In some respects, the stated It can be equal to the stated The The The The The The The The The and the The The The The The The The The The The The The The and the The maximum value among some or all of them. For example, For example, For example,

[0618] In some aspects, for example at least in the D2R transmission In the case of a transmission based on backscattering, the It can be determined, at least in part, based on some or all of the following: the duration of a reference D2R chip (e.g., denoted as...). The (or, the aforementioned) The (or, the aforementioned) ), and the aforementioned (or, the aforementioned) ),in,

[0619] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0620] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be independent of j (for example, in this case, the stated Recorded as ), or can be determined at least partially based on j.

[0621] ●In some respects, the aforementioned (or, the aforementioned) ) can be equal to the stated Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above.

[0622] In some respects, the stated The The The The The The The The The and the Each of the parts or all of them can be considered as a "repetition count" applied to "chip-level repetition".

[0623] In some respects, the stated The The The The and the Some or all of them can correspond to the same parameter.

[0624] In some respects, the stated The The and the Some or all of them can correspond to the same parameter.

[0625] In some respects, the duration of all D2R transmissions triggered (or scheduled) by a single R2D transmission (or an R2D transmission carrying an A-IoT paging message) can be equal to the same value (e.g., denoted as ). ), in some aspects, the stated It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0626] In some respects, the duration of all D2R transmissions that satisfy the Type 1 device-to-reader scheduling conditions, triggered (or scheduled) by a single R2D transmission (or an R2D transmission carrying an A-IoT paging message), can be equal to the same value (e.g., the one described above). For a D2R transmission triggered (or scheduled) by the R2D transmission, the Type 1 device-to-reader scheduling condition may include at least one or more of the following (e.g., the Type 1 device-to-reader scheduling condition may correspond to one or more of the following in an AND or OR combination):

[0627] ●The D2R transmission carries an "A-IoT message 1".

[0628] ●The D2R transmission is a backscattering-based transmission.

[0629] ●The D2R transmission is an endogenous transmission.

[0630] In some respects, the duration of the D2R preamble for all D2R transmissions triggered (or scheduled) by an R2D transmission (or an R2D transmission carrying an A-IoT paging message) can be equal to the same value (e.g., denoted as ). ), in some aspects, the stated It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0631] In some respects, the duration of the D2R preamble for all D2R transmissions that satisfy the Type 1 device-to-reader scheduling conditions triggered (or scheduled) by an R2D transmission (or an R2D transmission carrying an A-IoT paging message) can be equal to the same value (e.g., the duration of the D2R preamble for all D2R transmissions that satisfy the Type 1 device-to-reader scheduling conditions can be equal to the same value). ).

[0632] In some respects, the duration of the PDRCH contained in all D2R transmissions triggered (or scheduled) by an R2D transmission (or an R2D transmission carrying an A-IoT paging message) can be equal to the same value (e.g., denoted as ). ), in some aspects, the stated It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[0633] In some respects, the duration of the PDRCH contained in all D2R transmissions that satisfy the Type 1 device-to-reader scheduling conditions triggered (or scheduled) by an R2D transmission (or an R2D transmission carrying an A-IoT paging message) can be equal to the same value (e.g., the duration of the PDRCH). ).

[0634] In some respects, an R2D transmission (e.g., the R2D transmission) Indicative information in (or other earlier R2D transmissions) (e.g., initial R2D control information; physical layer R2D control information; or higher layer R2D control information) can be used at least in part to determine one or more of the following:

[0635] ●The μ R2D .

[0636] ●The

[0637] ●The

[0638] ●The

[0639] ●The

[0640] ●The

[0641] ●The

[0642] ●The

[0643] ●The

[0644] ●The

[0645] ●The

[0646] ●The

[0647] ●The

[0648] ●The

[0649] ●The

[0650] ●The

[0651] ●The

[0652] ●The

[0653] ●The

[0654] ●The

[0655] ●The

[0656] ●The

[0657] ●The

[0658] ●The

[0659] ●The

[0660] ●The

[0661] ●The

[0662] ●The

[0663] ●The

[0664] ●The

[0665] ●The

[0666] ●The

[0667] ●The

[0668] ●The

[0669] ●The

[0670] ●The

[0671] ●The

[0672] ●From the above To the Frequency offset.

[0673] ●From the above To the Frequency offset.

[0674] ●From the above To the Frequency offset.

[0675] ●From the above To the Frequency offset.

[0676] ●The sfs-param0.

[0677] ●The lfs-param0.

[0678] ●The

[0679] ●The The type of A-IoT access process triggered (e.g., when the R2D transmission) Carrying the (Time). For example, the type can be one of the following: a contention-based A-IoT access process, and a contention-free A-IoT access process.

[0680] ●The

[0681] ●The

[0682] ●The

[0683] ●The

[0684] ●The

[0685] ●The as well as

[0686] ●The

[0687] ●The

[0688] ●The

[0689] ●The

[0690] ●The

[0691] ●The

[0692] ●The

[0693] ●The

[0694] ●The

[0695] ●The

[0696] ●The

[0697] ●The

[0698] ●The

[0699] ●The

[0700] ●The

[0701] ●The

[0702] ●The

[0703] ●The

[0704] ●The

[0705] ●The

[0706] ●The

[0707] ●The

[0708] ●The

[0709] ●The

[0710] ●The

[0711] ●The

[0712] ●The

[0713] ●The

[0714] ●The

[0715] ●The

[0716] ●The

[0717] ●The as well as

[0718] ●The

[0719] ●The as well as

[0720] ●The as well as

[0721] ●The as well as

[0722] ●From the above To the The frequency shift, from the To the The frequency shift, ..., and from the above To the Frequency shift.

[0723] ●From the above To the The frequency shift, from the To the The frequency shift, ..., and from the above To the Frequency shift.

[0724] ●From the above To the The frequency shift, from the To the The frequency shift, ..., and from the above To the Frequency shift.

[0725] ●From the above To the The frequency shift, from the To the The frequency shift, ..., and from the above To the Frequency shift.

[0726] ●From the above To the The frequency shift, from the To the The frequency shift, ..., and from the above To the Frequency shift.

[0727] ●From the above To the The frequency shift, from the To the The frequency shift, ..., and from the above To the Frequency shift.

[0728] ●From the above To the The frequency shift, from the To the The frequency shift, ..., and from the above To the Frequency shift.

[0729] ●From the above To the The frequency shift, from the To the The frequency shift, ..., and from the above To the Frequency shift.

[0730] ●The The and the

[0731] ●The

[0732] ●The

[0733] ●The The and the

[0734] ●The

[0735] ●The

[0736] ●The as well as

[0737] ●The

[0738] ●The as well as

[0739] ●The

[0740] ●The

[0741] ●The as well as

[0742] ●The

[0743] ●The

[0744] ●The as well as

[0745] ●The

[0746] ●The as well as

[0747] ●The

[0748] ●The as well as

[0749] ●The

[0750] ●The

[0751] ●The

[0752] ●The

[0753] ●The The and the

[0754] ●The

[0755] The following description, with reference to FIG1, illustrates some embodiments of the present disclosure using a device (e.g., device d). j The method of execution.

[0756] Figure 1 illustrates the device d according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. j The flowchart corresponding to the method being executed.

[0757] As shown in Figure 1, in some embodiments of this disclosure, the device d j The steps to be performed include some or all of steps S101 and S103.

[0758] Specifically, in step S101, a first R2D transmission is received (e.g., the R2D transmission). ).

[0759] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can carry an A-IoT paging message (e.g., the... ).

[0760] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can carry a higher-level message that is not an "A-IoT paging message".

[0761] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can be done without carrying any higher-level messages.

[0762] Furthermore, in step S103, a first D2R transmission is performed (e.g., the D2R transmission). ).

[0763] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can be transmitted by the R2D. Trigger (or schedule) a D2R transfer.

[0764] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can be an endogenous D2R transmission.

[0765] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can carry an "A-IoT message 1" (i.e., the aforementioned ), wherein, the “A-IoT message 1” It can be used in response to the R2D transmission. The A-IoT paging message carried

[0766] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can carry a higher-level message that is not "A-IoT Message 1".

[0767] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can be done without carrying any higher-level messages.

[0768] In some respects, the D2R transmission The frequency resources used (i.e., the frequency resources used) ) can be a set One of the elements. For example, the... It can be the device d j From the frequency resource set A frequency resource is selected (e.g., randomly selected) (e.g., this may be at least partially applicable to the D2R transmission). Carrying the aforementioned "A-IoT message 1" (The situation). For example, the aforementioned It can be transmitted at least in part according to the R2D. The indication information (e.g., initial R2D control information; physical layer R2D control information; higher layer R2D control information) is used to determine the control information. For example, the indication information can be used at least partially to determine the control information. In the set The index in.

[0769] In some respects, the set The set can be determined, at least in part, based on some or all of the following: The set The set and a set of one or more (or zero or more) frequency resources for endogenous D2R transmission (e.g., denoted as ). ).

[0770] For example, the set It can be equal to one of the following:

[0771] ●

[0772] ●

[0773] ●

[0774] ●

[0775] ●

[0776] ●

[0777] ●

[0778] ●

[0779] ●

[0780] ●

[0781] For example, if the set If it exists, then the set It can be equal to one of the following:

[0782] ●

[0783] ●

[0784] ●

[0785] ●

[0786] ●

[0787] ●

[0788] ●

[0789] ●

[0790] ●

[0791] ●

[0792] For example, if the set Exists, and the set If it does not exist, then the set It can be equal to one of the following:

[0793] ●

[0794] ●

[0795] ●

[0796] ●

[0797] ●

[0798] For example, if the set Exists, and the set The set does not exist, and the set does not exist. If it does not exist, then the set It can be equal to one of the following:

[0799] ●

[0800] ●

[0801] For example, if the set Exists, and the set The set does not exist, and the set does not exist. If it exists, then the set It can be equal to one of the following:

[0802] ●

[0803] ●

[0804] ●

[0805] ●

[0806] ●

[0807] For example, if the set Exists, and the set If it exists, then the set It can be equal to one of the following:

[0808] ●

[0809] ●

[0810] ●

[0811] ●

[0812] ●

[0813] ●

[0814] ●

[0815] ●

[0816] ●

[0817] ●

[0818] For example, if the set Exists, and the set Exists, and the set If it does not exist, then the set It can be equal to one of the following:

[0819] ●

[0820] ●

[0821] ●

[0822] ●

[0823] For example, if the set Exists, and the set Exists, and the set If it exists, then the set It can be equal to one of the following:

[0824] ●

[0825] ●

[0826] ●

[0827] ●

[0828] ●

[0829] ●

[0830] ●

[0831] ●

[0832] ●

[0833] ●

[0834] For example, if the set If it does not exist, then the set It can be equal to one of the following:

[0835] ●

[0836] ●

[0837] ●

[0838] ●

[0839] ●

[0840] ●

[0841] ●

[0842] ●

[0843] ●

[0844] For example, if the set The set does not exist, and the set does not exist. If it does not exist, then the set It can be equal to one of the following:

[0845] ●

[0846] ●

[0847] ●

[0848] ●

[0849] For example, if the set The set does not exist, and the set does not exist. The set does not exist, and the set does not exist. If it does not exist, then the set It can be equal to the stated

[0850] For example, if the set The set does not exist, and the set does not exist. The set does not exist, and the set does not exist. If it exists, then the set It can be equal to one of the following:

[0851] ●

[0852] ●

[0853] ●

[0854] ●

[0855] For example, if the set The set does not exist, and the set does not exist. If it exists, then the set It can be equal to one of the following:

[0856] ●

[0857] ●

[0858] ●

[0859] ●

[0860] ●

[0861] ●

[0862] ●

[0863] ●

[0864] ●

[0865] For example, if the set The set does not exist, and the set does not exist. Exists, and the set If it does not exist, then the set It can be equal to one of the following:

[0866] ●

[0867] ●

[0868] ●

[0869] For example, if the set The set does not exist, and the set does not exist. Exists, and the set If it exists, then the set It can be equal to one of the following:

[0870] ●

[0871] ●

[0872] ●

[0873] ●

[0874] ●

[0875] ●

[0876] ●

[0877] ●

[0878] ●

[0879] In some respects, the set The frequency resources in the set can be frequency resources specifically used for intrinsic D2R transmission. In some aspects, the set... The frequency resources in the system cannot be used for backscatter-based transmission.

[0880] In some respects, the set It can be a predefined set (e.g., predefined by operating frequency band; or predefined by FDD operating sub-band).

[0881] In some respects, the set It can be a set of pre-configurations (e.g., pre-configured by operating frequency band; or pre-configured by FDD operating sub-band).

[0882] In some respects, the set It can be determined at least in part based on some or all of the following: predefined information, preconfiguration information, and an R2D transmission (e.g., the R2D transmission). For example, a transmission that is more advanced than the R2D transmission described above. Indicative information in earlier R2D transmissions (e.g., initial R2D control information; physical layer R2D control information; higher layer R2D control information).

[0883] In some respects, the set It can be at least partially based on SI (e.g., the R2D transmission). The carried SI; for example, a transmission compared to the R2D transmission. One or more parameters in the SI carried by the earlier R2D transmission are determined.

[0884] In some respects, the set It can be at least partially based on the set The set The set and the set Part or all of it can be determined. For example, it can be determined in a set of all frequency resources that can be used for D2R transmission, for example, by a set determined at least in part according to predefined (e.g., predefined by operating frequency band; or, for example, predefined by FDD operating sub-band) or preconfiguration (e.g., preconfigured by operating frequency band; or, for example, preconfigured by FDD operating sub-band) information. Exclude the set in ) The set The set and the set Part or all of it, thereby obtaining the set.

[0885] In some aspects, in the methods according to some embodiments of the present disclosure shown in FIG1, a set "does not exist" can be replaced by the set "is an empty set," and vice versa. For example, this could correspond to a case where the set is not pre-configured; or, for example, this could correspond to a case where the set is not indicated (e.g., not in the R2D transmission). (As instructed in the document).

[0886] In some aspects, in the methods according to some embodiments of the present disclosure shown in FIG1, the statement that a set "exists" can be replaced by the statement that the set "is not an empty set," and vice versa. For example, this could correspond to the case where the set is pre-configured; or, for example, this could correspond to the case where the set is indicated (e.g., in the R2D transmission). The situation was (as indicated in the document).

[0887] In some respects, in the method shown in FIG1 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the device may be a "Category 2b" device.

[0888] Thus, as shown in Figure 1, this disclosure provides a method in which, during an A-IoT access process, for example, a "Category 2b" device can use frequency resources from a predefined, preconfigured, or indicated set of frequency resources specifically for intrinsic D2R transmission to transmit A-IoT message 1, thereby reducing interference to other categories of devices and increasing the probability of successful access for these devices. Alternatively, if the set is not available, intrinsic D2R transmission can share one or more sets of frequency resources for transmitting A-IoT message 1 with backscatter-based D2R transmission to improve the overall D2R frequency resource utilization.

[0889] The following description, with reference to FIG2, illustrates some embodiments of the present disclosure using a device (e.g., device d). j The method of execution.

[0890] Figure 2 illustrates the device d according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. j The flowchart corresponding to the method being executed.

[0891] As shown in Figure 2, in some embodiments of this disclosure, the device d j The steps to be performed include some or all of steps S201 and S203.

[0892] Specifically, in step S201, a second R2D transmission is received (e.g., the R2D transmission). ).

[0893] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can carry an A-IoT paging message (i.e., the aforementioned ).

[0894] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can carry a higher-level message that is not an "A-IoT paging message".

[0895] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can be done without carrying any higher-level messages.

[0896] Furthermore, in step S203, a second D2R transmission is performed (e.g., the D2R transmission). ).

[0897] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can be transmitted by the R2D. Trigger (or schedule) a D2R transfer.

[0898] In some respects, the D2R transmission It could be a D2R transmission based on backscattering.

[0899] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can be an endogenous D2R transmission.

[0900] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can carry an "A-IoT message 1" (i.e., the aforementioned ), wherein, the “A-IoT message 1” It can be used in response to the R2D transmission. The A-IoT paging message carried

[0901] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can carry a higher-level message that is not "A-IoT Message 1".

[0902] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can be done without carrying any higher-level messages.

[0903] In some respects, the aforementioned "A-IoT message 1" The carried "first initial ID" (i.e., the one mentioned) The initial ID impact factor can be determined (or "generated") at least in part based on one or more "initial ID impact factors". For example, the It can be represented as the sum of one or more "summation terms", wherein each of the summation terms can be determined at least in part based on some or all of the one or more "initial ID impact factors".

[0904] In some respects, the one or more “initial ID impact factors” may include at least in part one or more of the following:

[0905] ●By the device d j Generate (or "draw") a random number, wherein, in some aspects, the random number may be an integer greater than (or, greater than or equal to) 0; in some aspects, the random number may be an integer less than 4 (or, 8; or, 16; or, 32; or, 64; or, 128; or, 256; or, 512; or, 1024); in some aspects, the random number may be used as the... of bits (e.g., The most significant bit; for example, (the least significant bit), wherein the... It can be equal to 2, or it can be equal to 3, or it can be equal to 4, or it can be equal to 5, or it can be equal to 6; or it can be equal to 7, or it can be equal to 8, or it can be equal to 9, or it can be equal to 10.

[0906] ● One or more parameters related to the frequency resources used for CW transmission, such as one or more of the following:

[0907] ■The lowest frequency of the frequency resources used for CW transmission (i.e., the frequency of the frequency resources used by CW transmission) ).

[0908] ■The center frequency of the frequency resources used for CW transmission (i.e., the... ).

[0909] ■ Index of the frequency resources used for CW transmission (e.g., in a set of frequency resources (e.g., the set) The index in ) for example, denoted as

[0910] ● With the D2R transmission The frequency resources used (i.e., the frequency resources used) One or more parameters related to this, such as one or more of the following:

[0911] ■The D2R transmission The lowest frequency of the frequency resources used (i.e., the frequency of the frequency resources used) ).

[0912] ■The D2R transmission The center frequency of the frequency resource used (i.e., the...) ).

[0913] ■The D2R transmission The index of the frequency resources used (e.g., in a set of frequency resources (e.g., the set) The index in ) for example, denoted as

[0914] ■The (or, the aforementioned) ) relative to the The frequency shift (i.e. the frequency shift) ).

[0915] ■ One or more parameters related to frequency shift, such as sfs-param0, lfs-param0, and the The (or, the aforementioned) ), the (or, the aforementioned) ), the (or, the aforementioned) ), and the aforementioned (or, the aforementioned) (part or all)

[0916] ■The D2R transmission The transmission bandwidth (i.e., the aforementioned) ).

[0917] ■The D2R transmission The occupied bandwidth (i.e., the bandwidth) ).

[0918] ● With the D2R transmission One or more parameters related to the time resources used, such as one or more of the following:

[0919] ■The D2R transmission The start time (i.e., the aforementioned) ).

[0920] ■The D2R transmission The end time (i.e. the aforementioned) ).

[0921] ■The (or, the aforementioned) ).

[0922] ■The (or, the aforementioned) ).

[0923] ■The (or, the aforementioned) ).

[0924] ■The (or, the aforementioned) ).

[0925] ● With the R2D transmission One or more parameters related to the frequency resources used,

[0926] For example, one or more of the following:

[0927] ■The R2D transmission The lowest frequency of the frequency resources used (i.e., the frequency of the frequency resources used) ).

[0928] ■The R2D transmission The center frequency of the frequency resource used (i.e., the...) ).

[0929] ■The R2D transmission The index of the frequency resource used (e.g., the index in a set of frequency resources), for example denoted as

[0930] ■The R2D transmission The transmission bandwidth (i.e., the aforementioned) ).

[0931] ■The R2D transmission The occupied bandwidth (i.e., the bandwidth) ).

[0932] ● With the R2D transmission One or more parameters related to the time resources used, such as one or more of the following:

[0933] ■The R2D transmission The start time (i.e., the aforementioned) ).

[0934] ■The R2D transmission The end time (i.e. the aforementioned) ).

[0935] ● Used to determine the above The The The The The The The (or, the aforementioned) ), the (or, the aforementioned) ), the (or, the aforementioned) ), the (or, the aforementioned) ), the The The The The The The The The The and the One or more parameters, or all of them. For example, the one or more parameters may include some or all of the following: the μ R2D The above The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The The and the

[0936] ●The device d j The type.

[0937] ●The D2R transmission The type.

[0938] In some respects, for devices of different categories (e.g., "Category 1", "Category 2a", and some or all of "Category 2b"), each is used to determine the... The "initial ID impact factor" can be exactly the same.

[0939] In some respects, for devices of different categories (e.g., "Category 1", "Category 2a", and some or all of "Category 2b"), each is used to determine the... The "initial ID impact factor" can be partially the same.

[0940] In some respects, for devices of different categories (e.g., "Category 1", "Category 2a", and some or all of "Category 2b"), each is used to determine the... The "initial ID impact factor" can be completely different.

[0941] In some respects, the "Initial ID Impact Factor" applicable to "Category 1" devices may include at least some or all of the following: Used to determine the One or more parameters, the and one or more parameters related to frequency shift (e.g., including the sfs-param0, the The (or, the aforementioned) ), the (or, the aforementioned) ), the (or, the aforementioned) ), and the aforementioned (or, the aforementioned) (part or all)

[0942] In some respects, the "initial ID impact factor" applicable to "Category 2a" devices may include at least some or all of the following: Used to determine the One or more parameters, the and one or more parameters related to frequency shift (e.g., including the sfs-param0, the lfs-param0, the... The (or, the aforementioned) ), the (or, the aforementioned) ), the (or, the aforementioned) ), and the aforementioned (or, the aforementioned) (part or all)

[0943] In some respects, the "initial ID impact factor" applicable to "Category 2b" devices may include at least some or all of the following: one or more parameters relating to the frequency resources used for CW transmission (e.g., the... The and the (part or all) and the D2R transmission One or more parameters related to the frequency resources used (e.g., the...) The The The The and the (part or all), and with the D2R transmission One or more parameters related to the frequency resources used (e.g., sfs-param0, lfs-param0, etc.) The (or, the aforementioned) ), the (or, the aforementioned) ), the (or, the aforementioned) ), and the aforementioned (or, the aforementioned) (part or all)

[0944] In some respects, for different types of D2R transmission (e.g., backscatter-based D2R transmission and endogenous D2R transmission), each is used to determine the... The "initial ID impact factor" can be exactly the same.

[0945] In some respects, for different types of D2R transmission (e.g., backscatter-based D2R transmission and endogenous D2R transmission), each is used to determine the... The "initial ID impact factor" can be partially the same.

[0946] In some respects, for different types of D2R transmission (e.g., backscatter-based D2R transmission and endogenous D2R transmission), each is used to determine the... The "initial ID impact factor" can be completely different.

[0947] In some respects, the “initial ID influence factor” applicable to backscatter-based D2R transmission may at least partially include some or all of the following: Used to determine the One or more parameters, the and one or more parameters related to frequency shift (e.g., including the sfs-param0, the lfs-param0, the... The (or, the aforementioned) ), the (or, the aforementioned) ), the (or, the aforementioned) ), and the aforementioned (or, the aforementioned) (part or all of) Here, the lfs-param0 may apply only to "Category 2a" devices.

[0948] In some respects, the “initial ID influence factor” applicable to endogenous D2R transmissions may include at least some or all of the following: one or more parameters related to the frequency resources used by the CW transmission (e.g., the... The and the (part or all) and the D2R transmission One or more parameters related to the frequency resources used (e.g., the...) The The The The and the (part or all), and with the D2R transmission One or more parameters related to the frequency resources used (e.g., sfs-param0, lfs-param0, etc.) The (or, the aforementioned) ), the (or, the aforementioned) ), the (or, the aforementioned) ), and the aforementioned (or, the aforementioned) (part or all)

[0949] In some respects, the aforementioned "A-IoT message 1" (Or, the D2R transmission carrying it) carries the "second initial ID" (i.e., the... It can be at least partially based on the A-IoT paging message. The indication is determined in the message. For example, if the A-IoT paging message... One of the paging target IDs carried is the device d j If the device ID is such that, then the device ID will be... Set to the device ID. For example, if the A-IoT paging message... If no paging target ID is carried, then the stated Configured as device d j The device ID. For example, if the A-IoT paging message... One of the paging target IDs carried is the device d j If a device group ID is given, then the... Set to the device group ID.

[0950] In some respects, in the methods shown in FIG2 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the device may be a "Category 1" device.

[0951] In some respects, in the methods shown in FIG2 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the device may be a "Category 2a" device.

[0952] In some respects, in the methods shown in FIG2 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the device may be a "Category 2b" device.

[0953] In some respects, the method shown in Figure 2 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure can be part of a competition-based A-IoT access process.

[0954] In some respects, the method shown in Figure 2 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure can be part of a competition-free A-IoT access process.

[0955] Thus, as shown in Figure 2, this disclosure provides a method in which, during an A-IoT access process, for example, the "random ID" carried by an A-IoT message 1 transmitted by a device for resolving contention conflicts can be determined at least in part based on one or more parameters related to the resources (e.g., time-frequency resources) selected by the device for the A-IoT message 1, such as chip duration, chip repetition count, chip overhead, chip efficiency, frequency resource index, etc., some or all. This ensures that A-IoT messages 1 transmitted in different time-frequency resources carry different "random IDs," greatly reducing the probability of "random ID" conflicts and improving the access success rate and system capacity of the A-IoT system.

[0956] The following description, with reference to FIG3, illustrates some embodiments of the present disclosure using a device (e.g., device d). j The method of execution.

[0957] Figure 3 illustrates the device d according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. j The flowchart corresponding to the method being executed.

[0958] As shown in Figure 3, in some embodiments of this disclosure, the device d j The steps to be performed include some or all of steps S301 and S303.

[0959] Specifically, in step S301, a third R2D transmission is received (e.g., the R2D transmission). ).

[0960] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can carry an A-IoT paging message (i.e., the aforementioned ).

[0961] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can carry a higher-level message that is not an "A-IoT paging message".

[0962] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can be done without carrying any higher-level messages.

[0963] Furthermore, in step S303, a third D2R transmission is performed (e.g., the D2R transmission). ).

[0964] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can be transmitted by the R2D. Trigger (or schedule) a D2R transfer.

[0965] In some respects, the D2R transmission It could be a D2R transmission based on backscattering.

[0966] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can be an endogenous D2R transmission.

[0967] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can carry an "A-IoT message 1" (i.e., the aforementioned ), wherein, the “A-IoT message 1” It can be used in response to the R2D transmission. The A-IoT paging message carried

[0968] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can carry a higher-level message that is not "A-IoT Message 1".

[0969] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can be done without carrying any higher-level messages.

[0970] In some respects, it can be used for the D2R transmission. Determine a non-chip-level repetition scheme (e.g., denoted as ). ) and the corresponding number of repetitions (e.g., denoted as ),in,

[0971] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can represent some or all of the following: "No repetition", "Block-level repetition", "Type 1 bit-level repetition", and "Type 2 bit-level repetition".

[0972] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can satisfy

[0973] ●In some respects, the aforementioned and stated It can be applied to the D2R transmission. Parts (e.g., the D2R leader) For example, the PDRCH mentioned above (or all)

[0974] In some respects, one is used for the D2R transmission. (or, the PDRCH it carries) The "first set of D2R self-selected parameters" (for example, denoted as) A first subset of ) (e.g., denoted as The values ​​of all parameters in the device d can be determined according to the device d. j The selection (e.g., random selection) of an element from a set of values ​​is determined, wherein, in some respects, each element in the set of values ​​is a value used for the first subset. Each parameter in the sequence provides a corresponding set of values; in some respects, the set of values ​​may be a predefined or preconfigured set, or may be determined at least in part based on some or all of the following: predefined information, preconfigured information, and an R2D transmission (e.g., the R2D transmission). For example, a transmission that is more advanced than the R2D transmission described above. Indicative information in earlier R2D transmissions (e.g., initial R2D control information; physical layer R2D control information; higher layer R2D control information). For example, if we denote... And remember The set of values ​​can be {(1, 8), (2, 6)}. Correspondingly, if the element selected from the set of values ​​is (2, 6), then it is the parameter. The provided value is 2, while the parameter is... The provided value is 6.

[0975] In some respects, the set It may contain at least one or more of the following:

[0976] ● The duration of a chip (e.g., denoted as...) ).

[0977] ● The number of repetitions of a "chip-level repetition" (e.g., denoted as...) ).

[0978] ●The

[0979] ●The

[0980] ●The

[0981] ●The

[0982] ●The

[0983] In some respects, the stated It can be equal to the stated (or, the aforementioned) ), or may be equal to the stated Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above.

[0984] In some respects, the stated It can be equal to the stated Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above.

[0985] In some respects, the first subset It can be the set A predefined or preconfigured subset.

[0986] In some respects, by the set In addition to the first subset The set consisting of all parameters other than the parameters in the parameter list can be called the set. The second subset (e.g., denoted as For example, let the set be... for First subset for Then the second subset for

[0987] In some respects, the first subset It can be the set Self, and correspondingly, the second subset It is an empty set. For example, let the set be denoted as... for First subset for Then the second subset for

[0988] Specifically, for example, the first subset The middle may contain the above. The The The The and the Part or all of, while the second subset It can be an empty set.

[0989] For example, the first subset The middle may contain the above. The The and the Part or all of, while the second subset The middle may contain the above. and the Part or all of.

[0990] For example, the first subset The middle may contain the above. and the Part or all of, while the second subset The middle may contain the above. The The and the Part or all of.

[0991] In some respects, the set One or more parameters in (e.g., the first subset) (one or more parameters in) and the set One or more other parameters in (e.g., the second subset) One or more parameters in; for example, the first subset There can be certain constraints between the other one or more parameters in the model, for example, (or, or, or, or, or, ) can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter, or can be determined at least in part based on some or all of the following: predefined information, preconfigured information, and an R2D transmission (e.g., the R2D transmission). For example, a transmission that is more advanced than the R2D transmission described above. Indicative information in earlier R2D transmissions (e.g., initial R2D control information; physical layer R2D control information; higher layer R2D control information), wherein,

[0992] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It is the first subset One of the parameters, and the It is the second subset One of the parameters.

[0993] ●In some respects, the aforementioned and stated All are the first subset The parameters in.

[0994] ●In some respects, based on the aforementioned constraints, the second subset The value of each of one or more parameters can be at least partially determined based on the first subset. The values ​​of one or more parameters in the first subset are determined, or the first subset The value of each of one or more parameters can be at least partially determined based on the first subset. The values ​​of one or more other parameters in the [context] are determined. Specifically, for example, the [context] The value can be based on the above. The value is determined.

[0995] In some respects, the stated and stated You can predefine or preconfigure one of the following:

[0996] ●The It is the aforementioned The It is the aforementioned

[0997] ●The It is the aforementioned The It is the aforementioned

[0998] ●The It is the aforementioned The It is the aforementioned

[0999] ●The It is the aforementioned The It is the aforementioned

[1000] ●The It is the aforementioned The It is the aforementioned

[1001] ●The It is the aforementioned The It is the aforementioned

[1002] ●The It is the aforementioned The It is the aforementioned

[1003] ●The It is the aforementioned The It is the aforementioned

[1004] ●The It is the aforementioned The It is the aforementioned

[1005] ●The It is the aforementioned The It is the aforementioned

[1006] ●The It is the aforementioned The It is the aforementioned

[1007] ●The It is the aforementioned The It is the aforementioned

[1008] ●The It is the aforementioned The It is the aforementioned

[1009] ●The It is the aforementioned The It is the aforementioned

[1010] ●The It is the aforementioned The It is the aforementioned

[1011] ●The It is the aforementioned The It is the aforementioned

[1012] Thus, as shown in Figure 3, this disclosure provides a method in which, in an A-IoT access process, for example, for the transmission of A-IoT message 1, on the one hand, FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) can be implemented by having the device randomly select one or more values ​​of parameters related to frequency resource allocation; on the other hand, a certain constraint relationship can be imposed between the values ​​of one or more parameters related to time domain resource allocation and the values ​​of one or more parameters related to frequency resource allocation, so that, for example, the D2R transmissions (or PDRCHs) corresponding to A-IoT messages 1 from different devices can have equal (or similar) durations, thereby improving the reuse efficiency of time resources and the scheduling timeliness of the corresponding A-IoT message 2.

[1013] The following description, with reference to FIG4, illustrates some embodiments of the present disclosure using a device (e.g., device d). j The method of execution.

[1014] Figure 4 illustrates the device d according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. j The flowchart corresponding to the method being executed.

[1015] As shown in Figure 4, in some embodiments of this disclosure, the device d j The steps to be performed include some or all of steps S401 and S403.

[1016] Specifically, in step S401, a fourth R2D transmission is received (e.g., the R2D transmission). ).

[1017] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can carry a higher-level message, wherein the type of the higher-level message can be denoted as... For example, if the R2D transmission Carrying the A-IoT paging message Accordingly, the It could be "A-IoT paging".

[1018] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can be done without carrying any higher-level messages.

[1019] In addition, in step S403, one or more operations triggered by the fourth R2D transmission are performed.

[1020] For example, the one or more operations may include: if the device d j Not the R2D transmission mentioned If any of the target devices does not respond to the R2D transmission, then the R2D transmission will not be received. (For example, no D2R transfer is performed). Specifically, for example, in the R2D transfer... Carrying the A-IoT paging message In the event that the type 1 paging response conditions are not met, the paging response will not be initiated. (Or, ignore the above) Alternatively, do not initiate any A-IoT access process.

[1021] For example, the one or more operations may include: if the device d j It is the R2D transmission A target device then responds to the R2D transmission. (For example, perform a transfer by the R2D) The triggered or scheduled D2R transmission). Specifically, for example, in the R2D transmission. Carrying the A-IoT paging message In the case that the type 1 paging response condition is met, then the response is as follows. (For example, initiating an A-IoT access process).

[1022] For example, the one or more operations may include: determining a "first expected R2D transfer" (e.g., denoted as...). The start time of ) (e.g., denoted as The range of values ​​for ), for example, For example,

[1023] In some respects, the determination is made when (or if and only if) the type 0 expected R2D transmission conditions are met. The range of values ​​for, wherein the type 0 expected R2D transmission condition may at least partially include one or more of the following (for example, the type 0 expected R2D transmission condition may correspond to one or more of the following in an AND or OR combination):

[1024] ●The R2D transmission The target device set includes the device d j .

[1025] ●The It is a predefined or preconfigured higher-level message type.

[1026] In some respects, the stated It can be a time unit in seconds (or milliseconds, or microseconds, or nanoseconds, or other time units).

[1027] In some respects, the stated It can be an R2D chip index, or a D2R chip index, or a [missing information - likely a specific type of index]. The chip index is the chip duration.

[1028] In some respects, the stated It can be a time unit in seconds (or milliseconds, or microseconds, or nanoseconds, or other time units).

[1029] In some respects, the stated It can be an R2D chip index, or a D2R chip index, or a [missing information - likely a specific type of index]. The chip index is the chip duration.

[1030] In some respects, the stated It can be an R2D transmission that satisfies the expected R2D transmission conditions of type 1.

[1031] In some respects, for an R2D transfer (e.g., denoted as...) The Type 1 expected R2D transmission conditions may at least partially include one or more of the following (for example, the Type 1 expected R2D transmission conditions may correspond to one or more of the following in an AND or OR combination):

[1032] ●The R2D transmission The start time is later than (or no earlier than) the R2D transmission. The end time.

[1033] ●The R2D transmission The start time is later than (or no earlier than) the R2D transmission. The start time.

[1034] ●The R2D transmission None of the target devices are in the set middle.

[1035] ●The R2D transmission The target device set includes the device d j .

[1036] ●The R2D transmission The type of higher-level message carried is the described

[1037] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can be the earliest of the R2D transmissions that satisfy the expected R2D transmission conditions of type 1.

[1038] In some respects, the stated The R2D transmission can be determined, at least in part, based on some or all of the following: The start time (i.e., the aforementioned) The R2D transmission The end time (i.e. the aforementioned) ), and a time offset (e.g., denoted as ), and a time offset. ).For example, For example, For example, For example, For example, For example,

[1039] In some respects, the stated The unit can be seconds, milliseconds, microseconds, nanoseconds, the number of D2R chips, the number of R2D chips, or something similar. The number of chips for the chip duration, or other units.

[1040] In some respects, the stated It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[1041] In some respects, the set It can be determined at least in part based on some or all of the following: predefined information, preconfiguration information, and an R2D transmission (e.g., the R2D transmission). For example, a transmission that is more advanced than the R2D transmission described above. Indicative information in earlier R2D transmissions (e.g., initial R2D control information; physical layer R2D control information; higher layer R2D control information).

[1042] In some respects, the stated Can be used with device d j It is unrelated to the type of device.

[1043] In some respects, the stated It can be at least partially based on the device d j The type is determined. For example, for different device types, the... The predefined or preconfigured values ​​can be different.

[1044] Thus, as shown in Figure 4, this disclosure provides a method in which a device can determine, through indication information in an R2D transmission ending at a first time (e.g., an R2D transmission not targeting the device), that the start time of the next R2D transmission targeting the device is no earlier than (or later than) a second time. In this way, the device can perform some or all of the following between the first and second times: energy harvesting, hibernation, shutting down A-IoT transmission, and shutting down A-IoT reception, to avoid unnecessary R2D reception and to prepare for truly needed R2D reception, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the A-IoT system.

[1045] The following description, with reference to FIG5, illustrates some embodiments of the present disclosure using a device (e.g., device d). j The method of execution.

[1046] Figure 5 illustrates the device d according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. j The flowchart corresponding to the method being executed.

[1047] As shown in Figure 5, in some embodiments of this disclosure, the device d j The steps to be performed include some or all of steps S501 and S503.

[1048] Specifically, in step S501, a fifth R2D transmission is received (e.g., the R2D transmission). ).

[1049] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can carry an A-IoT paging message (e.g., the... ).

[1050] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can carry a higher-level message that is not an "A-IoT paging message".

[1051] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can be done without carrying any higher-level messages.

[1052] In addition, in step S503, one or more operations triggered by the fifth R2D transmission are performed.

[1053] For example, the one or more operations may include: determining a "first reference R2D chip" (e.g., denoted as...). ).

[1054] For example, the one or more operations may include: determining a "first reference D2R chip" (e.g., denoted as...). ).

[1055] For example, the one or more operations may include: determining a chip from the D2R chip. The beginning A set of D2R chips consisting of consecutive D2R chips (e.g., denoted as D2R chips) in,

[1056] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a satisfaction Integers.

[1057] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[1058] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be determined at least in part based on some or all of the following: predefined information, preconfiguration information, and an R2D transmission (e.g., the R2D transmission). For example, a transmission that is more advanced than the R2D transmission described above. Indicative information in earlier R2D transmissions (e.g., initial R2D control information; physical layer R2D control information; higher layer R2D control information).

[1059] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be used with the device d j It is unrelated to the type of device.

[1060] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be at least partially based on the device d j The type is determined. For example, for different device types, the... The predefined or preconfigured values ​​can be different.

[1061] In some respects, the D2R chip set It can be at least in part based on the above The and the Part or all of it is determined.

[1062] In some respects, the stated It can be at least in part based on the above The and the Part or all of it is determined. For example, the... It can be equal to the stated Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to the above.

[1063] In some respects, if the R2D transmission is successfully received... Then determine the D2R chip set.

[1064] In some respects, the D2R chip set is determined if the "Type 1 device to reader chip condition" is met. The Type 1 device-to-reader chip conditions may include at least one or more of the following (for example, the Type 1 device-to-reader chip conditions may correspond to one or more of the following in an AND or OR combination):

[1065] ● The R2D transmission was successfully received.

[1066] ●The R2D transmission It carries SI.

[1067] ●The R2D transmission This triggered an A-IoT access process.

[1068] ●The R2D transmission The type of the higher-level (e.g., MAC layer) message carried is a predefined or pre-configured higher-level message type (e.g., A-IoT paging).

[1069] ●The R2D transmission The end time is within a SI time window.

[1070] For example, the one or more operations may include: determining a transmission by the R2D. Triggered (or scheduled) D2R transfers (e.g., the D2R transfers) The set of D2R chips occupied by the D2R transmission. For example, the D2R transmission. The D2R chip set used can be the D2R chip set. A subset of. Specifically, for example, the... (For example, when it represents a D2R chip index) can be a D2R chip. (or, D2R chip) Or, D2R chip ), in some aspects, the stated It can be a satisfaction Integers; in some respects, the stated It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter, or it can be determined at least in part based on some or all of the following: predefined information, preconfigured information, and an R2D transmission (e.g., the R2D transmission). For example, a transmission that is more advanced than the R2D transmission described above. Indicative information in earlier R2D transmissions (e.g., initial R2D control information; physical layer R2D control information; higher layer R2D control information).

[1071] In some respects, the R2D chip It can be the R2D transmission. One of the R2D chips, for example, one of the following:

[1072] ●The (For example, when it represents an R2D chip index).

[1073] ●Following the above (For example, when it represents an R2D chip index) the previous R2D chip, i.e., the R2D chip

[1074] ●Following the above (For example, when it represents an R2D chip index) the next R2D chip, i.e., the R2D chip

[1075] ●The (For example, when it represents an R2D chip index).

[1076] ●Following the above (For example, when it represents an R2D chip index) the previous R2D chip, i.e., the R2D chip

[1077] ●Following the above (For example, when it represents an R2D chip index) the next R2D chip, i.e., the R2D chip

[1078] In some respects, the R2D chip The start time (e.g., in seconds) can be one of the following:

[1079] ●The (For example, when it represents an R2D chip index).

[1080] ●Following the above (For example, when it represents an R2D chip index) the previous R2D chip, i.e., the R2D chip

[1081] ●Following the above (For example, when it represents an R2D chip index) the next R2D chip, i.e., the R2D chip

[1082] ●The (For example, when it represents an R2D chip index).

[1083] ●Following the above (For example, when it represents an R2D chip index) the previous R2D chip, i.e., the R2D chip

[1084] ●Following the above (For example, when it represents an R2D chip index) the next R2D chip, i.e., the R2D chip

[1085] In some respects, the R2D chip The corresponding chip duration can be the...

[1086] In some respects, the R2D chip The corresponding chip duration can be the...

[1087] In some respects, the D2R chip The and the D2R chip set Part or all of it may be at least partially based on the R2D chip. Sure.

[1088] In some respects, the D2R chip It can be a D2R chip with index 0, i.e. Accordingly,

[1089] In some respects, the D2R chip The start time can be a "second reference R2D chip" (e.g., denoted as...). The start time of ).

[1090] In some respects, the D2R chip The start time can be the R2D chip. The end time.

[1091] In some respects, the R2D chip It can be at least in part based on the above And an R2D chip offset (e.g., denoted as...) ) Determine, for example, For example, For example, ),in,

[1092] ●In some respects, the aforementioned The unit can be described The number of R2D chips is the chip duration; correspondingly, the... It can be equal to 1.

[1093] ●In some respects, the aforementioned The unit can be described The number of R2D chips is the chip duration; correspondingly, the... It can be equal to

[1094] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a satisfaction Integers.

[1095] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter. For example, the... It can be equal to 0.

[1096] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be determined at least in part based on some or all of the following: predefined information, preconfiguration information, and an R2D transmission (e.g., the R2D transmission). For example, a transmission that is more advanced than the R2D transmission described above. Indicative information in earlier R2D transmissions (e.g., initial R2D control information; physical layer R2D control information; higher layer R2D control information).

[1097] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be used with the device d j It is unrelated to the type of device.

[1098] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be at least partially based on the device d j The type is determined. For example, for different device types, the... The predefined or preconfigured values ​​can be different.

[1099] In some respects, the D2R chip set The chip duration corresponding to each D2R chip in the code can be equal to the...

[1100] In some respects, the D2R chip set The chip duration corresponding to each D2R chip in the code can be equal to the...

[1101] Thus, as shown in Figure 5, this disclosure provides a method in which the start time of the first D2R chip occupied by a D2R transmission scheduled (or triggered) by an R2D transmission, in chronological order, can be determined at least in part based on the end time of the last R2D chip of the R2D transmission in chronological order and an offset of zero, one, or more R2D chips. This allows the device's D2R chip timing to be updated in a timely manner based on the most recently received R2D transmission, and also simplifies the timing relationship between the R2D transmission and the D2R transmission, improving scheduling efficiency.

[1102] The following description, with reference to FIG6, illustrates some embodiments of the present disclosure using a device (e.g., device d). j The method of execution.

[1103] Figure 6 illustrates the device d according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. j The flowchart corresponding to the method being executed.

[1104] As shown in Figure 6, in some embodiments of this disclosure, the device d j The steps to be performed include some or all of steps S601 and S603.

[1105] Specifically, in step S601, a sixth R2D transmission is received (e.g., the R2D transmission). ).

[1106] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can carry an A-IoT paging message (e.g., the... ).

[1107] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can carry a higher-level message that is not an "A-IoT paging message".

[1108] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can be done without carrying any higher-level messages.

[1109] Furthermore, in step S603, a sixth D2R transmission is performed (e.g., the D2R transmission). ).

[1110] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can be transmitted by the R2D. Trigger (or schedule) a D2R transfer.

[1111] In some respects, the D2R transmission It could be a D2R transmission based on backscattering.

[1112] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can be an endogenous D2R transmission.

[1113] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can carry an "A-IoT message 1" (i.e., the aforementioned ), wherein, the “A-IoT message 1” It can be used in response to the R2D transmission. The A-IoT paging message carried

[1114] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can carry a higher-level message that is not "A-IoT Message 1".

[1115] In some respects, the D2R transmission It can be done without carrying any higher-level messages.

[1116] In some respects, a "first reader to device scheduling time offset" (e.g., denoted as...) ) can be defined as transmission from the R2D The end time (i.e. the aforementioned) ) to the D2R transmission The start time (i.e., the aforementioned) The time offset, or can be defined as the time offset from the R2D transmission. The start time (i.e., the aforementioned) ) to the D2R transmission The start time (i.e., the aforementioned) (Time offset)

[1117] In some respects, the stated The unit can be seconds, milliseconds, microseconds, nanoseconds, the number of D2R chips, the number of R2D chips, or as described above. The number of chips for the chip duration, or other units.

[1118] For example, the This can represent the R2D transmission. The index of the last R2D chip, the The unit can be the number of R2D chips, and correspondingly, for example, the... (For example, when measured in seconds) could be an R2D chip. The start time, or it could be the R2D chip. The end time; for example, the aforementioned (For example, when it represents a D2R chip index) it can begin with an R2D chip. The start time of the D2R chip, or it could be the start time of the R2D chip. The end time of the D2R chip.

[1119] For example, the aforementioned This can represent the R2D transmission. The index of the last R2D chip, the The unit can be the number of D2R chips, and correspondingly, for example, the... (For example, when measured in seconds) could be an R2D chip. The start time, or it could be the R2D chip. The end time; for example, the aforementioned (For example, when it represents a D2R chip index) it can begin with an R2D chip. The start time of the D2R chip, or it could be the start time of the R2D chip. The end time of the D2R chip.

[1120] For example, the aforementioned This can represent the R2D transmission. The index of the last R2D chip, the The unit can be described The number of chips for the chip duration, correspondingly, for example, the... (For example, when measured in seconds) could be an R2D chip. The start time, or it could be the R2D chip. The end time; for example, the aforementioned (For example, when it represents a D2R chip index) it can begin with an R2D chip. The start time of the D2R chip, or it could be the start time of the R2D chip. The end time of the D2R chip.

[1121] For example, it can be recorded as starting from the... (For example, in seconds) D2R chips are Accordingly, if the stated The unit is the number of D2R chips, then the... (For example, when it represents a D2R chip index) can be a D2R chip. If the above The unit is the number of R2D chips, then the... (For example, when it represents a D2R chip index) can be a D2R chip. If the above The unit is described The number of chips is the chip duration, then the... (For example, when it represents a D2R chip index) can be a D2R chip.

[1122] In some respects, the stated It can be a time offset that satisfies the "Type 2 reader-to-device transmission time offset condition", wherein the Type 2 reader-to-device transmission time offset condition may at least partially include one or more of the following (for example, the Type 2 reader-to-device transmission time offset condition may correspond to one or more of the following in an AND or OR combination):

[1123] ●

[1124] ●

[1125] ●

[1126] ●

[1127] ●

[1128] ●

[1129] In some respects, the stated It can be a device d j A determined time offset that satisfies the type 2 reader-to-device transmission time offset condition (e.g., any time offset that satisfies the type 2 reader-to-device transmission time offset condition).

[1130] In some respects, the stated It can be determined at least in part based on some or all of the following: predefined information, preconfiguration information, and an R2D transmission (e.g., the R2D transmission). For example, a transmission that is more advanced than the R2D transmission described above. Indicative information in earlier R2D transmissions (e.g., initial R2D control information; physical layer R2D control information; higher layer R2D control information).

[1131] In some respects, the stated It can be equal to the stated Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to

[1132] In some respects, the stated It can be equal to the stated Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to the above. Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to

[1133] In some respects, the stated It can be equal to

[1134] In some respects, the stated It can be equal to the stated Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to Or it can be equal to

[1135] In some respects, if the "Type 3 reader-to-device transmission time offset condition" is met, then the It can be equal to the stated The type 3 reader-to-device transmission time offset condition may include at least one or more of the following (for example, the type 3 reader-to-device transmission time offset condition may correspond to one or more of the following in an AND or OR combination):

[1136] ●The equal In some aspects, the aforementioned It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[1137] ●The equal In some aspects, the aforementioned It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter.

[1138] ●The R2D transmission The indication information (e.g., initial R2D control information; physical layer R2D control information; higher layer R2D control information) indicates the aforementioned

[1139] ●The equal In some aspects, the aforementioned It can be equal to a predefined or preconfigured value, or it can correspond to a predefined or preconfigured parameter (e.g., the...). It can be the above For example, the aforementioned It can be the above For example, the aforementioned It can be equal to 0).

[1140] In some respects, if the type 3 reader-to-device transmission time offset condition is not met, then the It can be a device d jA determined time offset that satisfies the type 2 reader-to-device transmission time offset condition (e.g., any time offset that satisfies the type 2 reader-to-device transmission time offset condition).

[1141] Thus, as shown in Figure 6, this disclosure provides a method in which the time offset of the start time of a D2R transmission scheduled (or triggered) by an R2D transmission relative to the end time of the R2D transmission can be determined at least in part based on a reference offset indicated by the R2D transmission and a predefined or preconfigured maximum offset, wherein the reference offset can be greater than or equal to a predefined or preconfigured minimum offset. For example, the time offset can be a value determined by the device performing the D2R transmission that lies between the reference offset and the maximum offset. This enables TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) based D2R scheduling and allows the start time of the D2R transmission to accommodate a large time drift of the device itself.

[1142] Variations

[1143] The following uses Figure 7 to illustrate a device, as a variation, that can perform the method described in detail above by the device in this disclosure.

[1144] Figure 7 is a block diagram illustrating the device involved in this disclosure.

[1145] As shown in Figure 7, the device DEV70 includes a processor 701 and a memory 702. The processor 701 may include, for example, a microprocessor, a microcontroller, an embedded processor, etc. The memory 702 may include, for example, volatile memory (such as random access memory, RAM), a hard disk drive (HDD), non-volatile memory (such as flash memory), or other memory. Program instructions are stored on the memory 702. When executed by the processor 701, these instructions can perform the methods described in detail herein, executed by the device.

[1146] The methods and related devices of this disclosure have been described above in conjunction with preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that the methods shown above are merely exemplary, and the various embodiments described above can be combined with each other without contradiction. The methods of this disclosure are not limited to the steps and sequence shown above. The network nodes and devices shown above may include more modules, such as modules that can be developed or will be developed in the future for use with base stations, AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function), UPF (User Plane Function), MME (Mobility Management Entity), S-GW (Serving Gateway), or devices, etc. The various identifiers shown above are merely exemplary and not limiting, and this disclosure is not limited to the specific information elements exemplified by these identifiers. Those skilled in the art can make many variations and modifications based on the teachings of the illustrated embodiments.

[1147] Those skilled in the art should understand that any set is a subset of itself; the empty set is a subset of any set; parts or all of a mathematical expression, mathematical equation, or mathematical inequality can be simplified, transformed, or rewritten to a certain extent, such as merging constant terms, swapping two addition terms, swapping two multiplication terms, changing the sign of a term and moving it from the left to the right of the equation or inequality, or changing the sign of a term and moving it from the right to the left of the equation or inequality, etc.; the mathematical expression, mathematical equation, or mathematical inequality before and after simplification, transformation, or rewriting can be considered equivalent.

[1148] It should be understood that the above embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination of both. For example, the various components inside the base station and equipment in the above embodiments can be implemented by a variety of devices, including but not limited to: analog circuit devices, digital circuit devices, digital signal processing (DSP) circuits, programmable processors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (CPLDs), and so on.

[1149] In this disclosure, "base station" can refer to a mobile communication data and / or control switching center with a certain transmission power and a certain coverage area, including functions such as resource allocation and scheduling, data reception, and transmission. "Equipment" can refer to a mobile terminal, wireless terminal, terminal device, mobile device, mobile station (MS), or user equipment (UE). Unless otherwise specified, "equipment" can refer to a device in an A-IoT system (e.g., referred to as an "A-IoT device," "A-IoT UE," "A-IoT terminal," or "A-IoT transponder").

[1150] Furthermore, the embodiments of this disclosure disclosed herein can be implemented on a computer program product. More specifically, the computer program product is one that has a computer-readable medium on which computer program logic is encoded, which, when executed on a computing device, provides related operations to implement the above-described technical solutions of this disclosure. When executed on at least one processor of a computing system, the computer program logic causes the processor to perform the operations (methods) described in the embodiments of this disclosure. This configuration of the disclosure is typically provided as software, code, and / or other data structures set or encoded on a computer-readable medium such as an optical medium (e.g., CD-ROM), floppy disk, or hard disk, or other media such as firmware or microcode on one or more ROM, RAM, or PROM chips, or downloadable software images, shared databases, etc., in one or more modules. The software or firmware or such configuration can be installed on a computing device to cause one or more processors in the computing device to perform the technical solutions described in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[1151] Furthermore, each functional module or feature of the base station equipment and terminal equipment used in each of the above embodiments can be implemented or executed by circuitry, which is typically one or more integrated circuits. Circuitry designed to perform the various functions described in this specification may include general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) or general-purpose integrated circuits, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, or discrete hardware components, or any combination of the above devices. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor may be an existing processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The aforementioned general-purpose processor or each circuit may be configured by digital circuitry or by logic circuitry. Furthermore, when advancements in semiconductor technology lead to advanced technologies that can replace current integrated circuits, this disclosure may also utilize integrated circuits obtained using such advanced technologies.

[1152] Although the present disclosure has been illustrated above in conjunction with preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications, substitutions, and changes can be made to the disclosure without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, the disclosure should not be limited by the above embodiments, but rather by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method performed by a device, the method comprising: comprising: receiving an R2D transmission carrying an A-IoT paging message; and, performing a D2R transmission carrying an A-IoT message 1 triggered by said R2D transmission; wherein a per-bit chip overhead of a PDRCH in said D2R transmission is determined at least partly based on a number of chip repetitions for said PDRCH randomly selected from a set of numbers of chip repetitions.

2. An apparatus comprising: a processor; and a memory storing instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, perform a method according to claim 1. ​

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