Component and component module and use thereof, and roof and wall structure containing the component or the component module

Abstract

The present invention relates to a component, in particular a self-supporting component, containing a construction element having a top side and a bottom side, wherein filaments or rovings are present in elevations or indentations of the top side and / or bottom side. The invention also relates to a component module, in particular a self-supporting component module, comprising at least one first and at least one second component according to the invention. The invention also relates to the use of the component according to the invention or of the component module according to the invention as a roof, wall or floor component or as a roof, wall or floor component module or as a solar panel unit. The invention also relates to a roof or wall structure comprising at least one component according to the invention or at least one component module according to the invention. The invention also relates to a gable roof structure comprising a roof ridge and a first and a second roof structure according to the invention. The invention finally relates to a method for producing a component according to the invention.

Description

[0001] Building component and building component module and their use as well as roof and wall construction, containing the building component or the building component module

[0002] Description

[0003] The present invention relates to a component, in particular a self-supporting component, and to a component module, in particular a self-supporting component, comprising at least two components according to the invention. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of the component and the component module according to the invention. The invention also relates to a roof or wall construction comprising the component or the component module according to the invention. Furthermore, the invention relates to a pitched roof construction comprising two roof constructions according to the invention. Finally, the invention relates to a method for manufacturing the components according to the invention.

[0004] There are numerous efforts to make housing construction more cost-effective and sustainable at the same time. Finding suitable solutions, however, is not trivial, as regulatory requirements and the wishes of the developer must regularly be reconciled and taken into account. For example, it is essential to ensure adequate thermal and acoustic insulation without compromising the lifespan of the materials or making concessions regarding mechanical stress resistance. The recyclability of the materials used must also be considered. One approach to replacing cement-based structures, which typically have a significant carbon footprint, utilizes wood-based construction methods. However, this alone cannot satisfy the growing demand for housing from both an ecological and economic perspective, especially not on a global scale.

[0005] Therefore, the invention was based on the objective of making components available that are no longer afflicted with the disadvantages of the prior art and that can be manufactured in large quantities on an industrial scale, particularly cost-effectively and preferably also sustainably.

[0006] Accordingly, a component, in particular a self-supporting one, was found, comprising a structure with a top and an opposing bottom, as well as opposing longitudinal edges and opposing transverse edges, further comprising, in particular on the top and / or bottom, at least one filament, preferably a plurality of filaments, or at least one roving or a plurality of rovings.

[0007] The components according to the invention are characterized by exceptional mechanical stability. This is achieved through the incorporation of filaments or rovings without significantly increasing the weight of the component according to the invention.

[0008] In a particularly stable embodiment, filaments and / or rovings are distributed over the entire surface of the top and / or bottom of the structure.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the component according to the invention, the upper surface has alternatingly arranged protrusions and, in particular, channel-shaped indentations. The protrusions and indentations preferably extend from or away from the first transverse edge in the direction of or to the second transverse edge, wherein at least one, preferably all, protrusion(s) and / or at least one, preferably all, indentation(s) each comprise at least one filament, preferably the plurality of filaments, or at least one roving or the plurality of rovings.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the filament(s) or roving(s) extend from or spaced apart from the first transverse edge towards or up to the second transverse edge and preferably lie on the raised area, particularly centrally, or in the indentation, particularly centrally. In a preferred embodiment, the filament(s) or roving(s) extend from or spaced apart from, in particular from, the first transverse edge towards or up to, in particular, the second transverse edge and lie on the raised area, particularly centrally.

[0011] In a further embodiment of the structural element according to the invention, the projections, particularly in their center, have a recess A, in particular a notch, which extends from or spaced apart from the first transverse edge towards or to the second transverse edge, wherein the filament, the plurality of filaments, the roving, or the plurality of rovings are located in the recesses A, in particular notches, and in particular are embedded within them. In a preferred embodiment, the filament(s) or the roving(s) extend from or spaced apart from the first transverse edge towards or to the second transverse edge. Particularly preferably, the filament(s) or the roving(s) extend from the first transverse edge to the second transverse edge.

[0012] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the component according to the invention, in particular a self-supporting component, comprises a structural body comprising or consisting of a foam body, in particular a closed-cell foam body, with a top surface and an opposing bottom surface, as well as opposing longitudinal edges and opposing transverse edges, wherein the top surface has alternatingly arranged protrusions and indentations that run parallel or substantially parallel, wherein the protrusions and the indentations extend from the first transverse edge to the second transverse edge, wherein the protrusions each comprise the at least one filament, preferably the plurality of filaments, or the at least one roving or the plurality of rovings, wherein the filament(s) or the roving(s) extend from the first transverse edge to the second transverse edge, wherein the filament(s) or the roving(s)the rovings are connected to the foam body, in particular closed-pore foam, and in particular are completely or partially embedded therein.

[0013] With the embodiments of the invention described above, a particularly pronounced and uniform mechanical stability can be achieved.

[0014] For the purposes of the invention, a roving is understood to be a bundle, strand, or multifilament yarn made up of parallel or substantially parallel filaments. In contrast to staple fibers, these filaments are typically continuous textile fibers. Furthermore, rovings or filaments can also be used in the form of a woven fabric.

[0015] The raised areas and indentations on the upper surface preferably run parallel or substantially parallel. This orientation has proven advantageous for large-scale mass production. The upper surfaces of the building structure and the component according to the invention correspond to each other. The same applies to the alignment of the lower surfaces of the building structure and the component.

[0016] The width of the depressions or indentations is regularly smaller, preferably many times smaller, than the width of the raised areas or indentations. In suitable embodiments, the width of the raised areas can essentially correspond to the width of the indentations, particularly those immediately adjacent to them, or be smaller than the width of the indentations.

[0017] In particularly advantageous embodiments of the components according to the invention, the first transverse edge has a spring element and / or, in particular, the second transverse edge has a groove element, in particular one that is compatible with the spring element. Alternatively, and in particular additionally, it can be provided that the first longitudinal edge has a spring element and / or, in particular, the second longitudinal edge has a groove element, in particular one that is compatible with the spring element. Components according to the invention are particularly preferred in which the first transverse edge has a spring element and the second transverse edge has a groove element compatible with the spring element, and wherein the first longitudinal edge has a spring element and the second longitudinal edge has a groove element compatible with the spring element.

[0018] The tongue and groove system allows adjacent components to be connected. This is particularly advantageous when several components are to be joined to form a larger system.

[0019] Such components according to the invention are particularly preferred in which the building body comprises or consists of a layer of foam.

[0020] Preferred components according to the invention comprise structural elements that are at least partially, and in particular substantially entirely, formed as closed-cell foam. In a preferred embodiment, these structural elements consist of closed-cell foam. The closed-cell foam structural element can be obtained by foaming and expansion processes known to those skilled in the art.

[0021] Such structures offer the advantage that the component according to the invention can also have insulating properties.

[0022] The foam layer or closed-cell foam body can have a thickness ranging from more than 0 cm to 100 cm, preferably 5 to 30 cm, and particularly preferably 10 to 20 cm. The thickness of the foam layer or closed-cell foam body can be adapted to the requirements of the component with regard to insulation and / or stability properties. In other words, the thickness of the foam layer or closed-cell foam body can vary over a wide range.

[0023] The foam layer or closed-cell foam body can be based on or composed of acrylic, polystyrene, in particular EPS, XPS or SAN (styrene acrylonitrile), PMI (polymethacrylimide), phenol, PMA (polymethacrylamide), PU (polyurethane), PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PP (polypropylene), PE (polypropylene) or PEI (polyetherimide) foam and / or mineral foams, in particular expanded concrete, calcium silicate foam or high-temperature wool. Alternatively, the foam layer or closed-cell foam body can be based on or composed of plant-based and / or, in particular, biodegradable polymers. Particularly suitable plant-based and biodegradable polymers include polylactides, polyhydroxyalkanoates, polybutylene succinates and any mixtures thereof.Polyhydroxyalkanoates such as polyhydroxybutyrate, polyhydroxyvalerate, and polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvaleric acid are particularly suitable. Among plant-based and biodegradable polymers, polylactides or mixtures of polylactides and polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvaleric acid are preferred for the foam layer and closed-cell foam bodies. The use of foam offers several advantages. For example, foam is characterized by excellent thermal insulation properties, making it suitable for use in thermal insulation, especially in buildings. Furthermore, foam is typically very lightweight, so the overall weight of the component hardly increases with its use.

[0024] Closed-cell foam bodies are particularly preferred.

[0025] A particularly high degree of stability is also achieved in such preferred components according to the invention in which the filament(s) or roving(s), in particular in the recesses A, in particular indentations, are connected, in particular bonded, to the building body, in particular the foam layer or the closed-pore foam body.

[0026] A particularly effective bonding of filaments and / or rovings with the foam layer or the closed-cell foam body of the component, especially when present in the indentations, is also achieved by thermally treating the foam layer or the closed-cell foam body in such a way that the foam layer or the closed-cell foam body is altered, for example, melted, at the location of the thermal treatment, especially in the area of ​​the filaments or rovings, particularly in the area of ​​the indentations. This results in an intimate bond, in particular a complete or partial encapsulation, with the filaments or rovings after completion of the thermal treatment or after hardening of the melted material. Components according to the invention in which the filaments or rovings arethe rovings, especially in the indentations A, are thermoplastically connected to the foam layer or the closed-pore foam body, in particular thermoplastically welded.

[0027] Preferably, the filament(s) or roving(s) are embedded in the recesses A, in particular indentations, especially when thermoplastically bonded to the foam layer or the closed-pore foam body.

[0028] Particularly suitable filaments and rovings comprise or are formed from natural, glass, metal, aramid, carbon, polymethacrylimide, Vectran, basalt, and / or thermoplastic fibers. Particularly suitable thermoplastic fibers may be selected from the group consisting of polyolefin fibers, especially polyethylene or polypropylene fibers, and polyester fibers, especially polyethylene terephthalate fibers. Vectran fibers are generally obtained by a polycondensation of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and 6-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid. Accordingly, it is chemically an aromatic polyester. Preferably, glass, metal, aramid, carbon, Vectran, and / or basalt fibers are used for the filaments and rovings.

[0029] An increasing effect or pronounced stability is also achieved with such components according to the invention, in which the underside of the building body has alternately arranged elevations and, in particular, channel-shaped indentations that extend from or spaced apart from the first transverse edge in the direction of or to the second transverse edge, preferably from the first transverse edge to the second transverse edge.

[0030] In this context, embodiments of the aforementioned embodiment are particularly preferred in which at least one, preferably all, protrusion(s) and / or at least one, preferably all, indentation(s) are furthermore each comprising at least one filament, preferably a plurality of filaments, or at least one roving or a plurality of rovings, wherein the filament(s) or the roving(s) extend from or spaced apart from the first transverse edge in the direction of or to the second transverse edge, preferably centrally on the protrusion and / or centrally in the indentation.

[0031] Alternatively, embodiments of the aforementioned design are preferred in which the projections, in particular substantially in the center, have a recess B, in particular a notch, which extends from or spaced apart from the first transverse edge in the direction of or to the second transverse edge, and in which at least one filament, preferably a plurality of filaments, or at least one roving or a plurality of rovings, are embedded in the recesses B, in particular notches, and wherein the filament(s) or the roving(s) extend from or spaced apart from the first transverse edge in the direction of or to the second transverse edge.

[0032] In advantageous embodiments of the component according to the invention, the protrusions and indentations on the underside run parallel or substantially parallel. These protrusions and / or, in particular, these indentations on the underside preferably extend from the first transverse edge to the second transverse edge. Alternatively, and especially additionally, it can be provided that the recesses B, in particular notches, extend on the underside from the first transverse edge to the second transverse edge. The filament(s) or roving(s) can also extend from the first transverse edge to the second transverse edge.

[0033] A high degree of mechanical stability is achieved with such preferred components according to the invention, in which the alternatingly arranged projections on the upper surface are essentially in alignment with the alternatingly arranged projections on the lower surface. Alternatively, and especially additionally, it can be provided that the alternatingly arranged, in particular channel-shaped, indentations on the upper surface are essentially in alignment with the alternatingly arranged, in particular channel-shaped, indentations on the lower surface.

[0034] Surprisingly, embodiments of the components according to the invention have also proven to be particularly practical in which the projections, especially on both sides of recess A and / or recess B, have a plateau surface. This applies in particular to such components according to the invention in which the projections on both sides of recess A and recess B have plateau surfaces.

[0035] In an alternative embodiment where no depressions A and / or B are present, the plateau surface can also be continuous. In this case, it is preferably provided that the filaments and rovings extend over the entire transverse and / or longitudinal extent of the plateau surface. Generally, it is also conceivable that the filaments and / or rovings are present in the form of a woven fabric.

[0036] The plateau surfaces of the upper surface elevations preferably lie substantially in one plane, more preferably in a plane. Alternatively, and particularly additionally, it can be provided that the plateau surfaces of the lower surface elevations lie substantially in one plane, more preferably in a plane.

[0037] Particularly advantageous components according to the invention further comprise a cover layer with a top and a bottom, wherein the bottom side, in particular at the projections, in particular all projections, rests against the top of the building body and is in particular connected with some and preferably all projections.

[0038] The covering layer can serve to protect the upper surface of the component according to the invention. The covering layer and the indentations of the upper surface of the component body preferably form, in particular liquid-tight and / or gas-tight, channels that extend at a distance from, or in particular from, the first transverse edge in the direction of, or in particular up to, the second transverse edge.

[0039] Particularly preferably, the covering layer also assumes the function of sealing the filaments or rovings present, especially in the recesses A, in a liquid-tight and / or gas-tight manner.

[0040] The cover layer can be formed from or consist of filaments, rovings, and / or fabrics. These filaments, rovings, and / or fabrics comprise or consist of, and in particular preferably consist of, natural, glass, metal, aramid, carbon, polymethacrylimide, vectran, basalt, and / or thermoplastic fibers. Particularly suitable thermoplastic fibers can be selected from the group consisting of polyolefin fibers, in particular polyethylene or polypropylene fibers, and polyester fibers, in particular polyethylene terephthalate fibers. Vectran fibers are generally obtained by a polycondensation of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and 6-hydroxynaphthalen-2-carboxylic acid. Accordingly, it is chemically an aromatic polyester. Preferably, glass, metal, aramid, carbon, vectran, and / or basalt fibers are used for the filaments and rovings of the cover layer. Cover layers formed from or consisting of...The materials mentioned above, or consisting of them, contribute in particular to the stability of the component according to the invention. Furthermore, the use of these fibers does not increase the weight of the component in such a way as to restrict its handling, assembly, or transport.

[0041] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the cover layer is a photovoltaic layer or comprises a photovoltaic layer. The photovoltaic layer preferably represents or comprises an organic photovoltaic film. Organic photovoltaic films are generally characterized by a particularly thin construction. Typically, organic photovoltaic films are also available in roll form. This makes them particularly easy to integrate into the component according to the invention. Furthermore, glass can be omitted when using organic photovoltaic films, so the weight of the component is not unnecessarily increased.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the photovoltaic layer essentially occupies the entire surface of the cover layer facing away from the component.

[0043] In a particularly suitable embodiment, the component according to the invention further comprises a protective layer. This is arranged opposite the covering layer, in particular the photovoltaic layer, with respect to the building body.

[0044] The protective layer can be formed from or consist of filaments, rovings, and / or fabrics. These filaments, rovings, and / or fabrics comprise or consist of, in particular, preferably natural, glass, metal, aramid, carbon, polymethacrylimide, Vectran, basalt, and / or thermoplastic fibers. Particularly suitable thermoplastic fibers can be selected from the group consisting of polyolefin fibers, in particular polyethylene or polypropylene fibers, and polyester fibers, in particular polyethylene terephthalate fibers. Preferably, glass, metal, aramid, carbon, Vectran, and / or basalt fibers are used for the filaments and rovings of the protective layer.

[0045] It has proven particularly advantageous if the protective layer, in relation to the covering layer, especially the photovoltaic layer, has a coating comprising fibers according to the invention. These fibers can optionally be present as an additional component of the protective layer or as a component thereof. For example, the protective layer can be a carbon fiber reinforced plastic sheet (CFRP sheet). A separate fiber and / or fabric layer can optionally be applied to this sheet. In embodiments in which the structure has a coating comprising fibers according to the invention, in relation to the covering layer, especially the photovoltaic layer, it is particularly advantageous if this coating is designed and configured so that further coatings, in particular plasters, paints, wallpapers, and / or layered structures made of these materials, can be applied.This eliminates the need for complex sheathing, particularly with gypsum plasterboard or OSB panels, in the case of walls and / or roofs. It also ensures a low weight for the roof and / or wall construction in its final installed state, i.e., with decorative and / or functional coatings. Functional coatings are understood to refer specifically to installation situations where no decorative coating is required, for example, in an unfinished attic or usable space. In these situations, a single protective layer may suffice, without the need for subsequent coatings. This significantly reduces the material required to produce a surface constructed from components according to the invention.

[0046] It is further preferably intended that the filaments and / or rovings can serve as conductors for the electricity generated by the photovoltaic layer. The filaments and / or rovings may preferably also include metal fibers. This further increases their conductivity.

[0047] In some embodiments, it has also proven particularly advantageous that the cover layer, especially the photovoltaic layer, of the component according to the invention has a three-dimensionally structured surface on its outer surface. The three-dimensional structure preferably has a height in the range of 0.01 to 1.5 mm, more preferably 0.1 to 0.7 mm. This results in a greater diffraction of the incident light compared to a perfectly smooth surface, thus increasing the efficiency of the photovoltaic layer. The three-dimensional structure also increases the surface area of ​​the component compared to an absolutely smooth surface of the same size. The structure can also be designed to produce an additional lensing effect.The three-dimensionally structured surface also has the advantage that precise alignment of the photovoltaic array with the sun is no longer necessary, without significantly compromising the efficiency of the photovoltaic array. Without being limited to specific processes, spray or roller coating methods can be used as suitable applications for the structured surface.

[0048] In a particularly suitable embodiment, the cover layer, in particular the photovoltaic layer, comprises on its outer surface, facing away from the cover layer, a dirt-repellent coating, in particular a silicone coating, preferably a two-component silicone coating. This coating can optionally also be located on the three-dimensional structure. It is advantageous to ensure that the three-dimensional structure is preserved. The type of coating can be adapted to the external weather conditions (desert dust, seawater, ice, and others). Preferably, the dirt-repellent coating includes an additive, in particular an adhesion promoter. In a further embodiment, the component according to the invention also comprises a film layer, in particular between the cover layer and / or the protective layer and the building body.Alternatively and / or additionally, a film layer can be provided on the side of the covering layer, particularly the photovoltaic layer, facing away from the building structure. Such films are preferably made of polymers, especially consisting of or comprising polyvinyl chloride or polyurethane. Particularly if the film layer forms an outer layer of the component, scratch-resistant films are preferred.

[0049] With the component according to the invention, comprising channels as described above, a cooling medium, in particular a cooling liquid, can be guided through these channels when exposed to sunlight, thereby maintaining a consistently high efficiency of the photovoltaic array. Components according to the invention, which are equipped with a cover layer, in particular one that rests against or is connected to the raised areas, further comprise, in preferred embodiments, a third enclosure, in particular one that is liquid-tight and / or gas-tight, with an enclosure base and enclosure walls in the region of the first transverse edge. This enclosure base of the third enclosure is preferably located at a distance from the first transverse edge.

[0050] The third enclosure also conveniently features a fluid or gas outlet connection in the area between the enclosure floor and the first transverse edge.

[0051] In a further advantageous embodiment, the components according to the invention are additionally equipped with a fourth enclosure, in particular a liquid-tight and / or gas-tight enclosure, comprising an enclosure base and enclosure walls in the region of the second transverse edge. This enclosure base of the fourth enclosure is preferably spaced apart from the second transverse edge.

[0052] It has also proven useful for many applications that the fourth enclosure has a fluid or gas inlet connection in the area between the enclosure base and the second transverse edge.

[0053] The component according to the invention, which has a third enclosure, in particular liquid-tight and / or gas-tight, with an enclosure base and enclosure walls in the region of the first transverse edge, can in advantageous embodiments also include at least one first edging element, designed and configured to seal the first longitudinal edge from the top to the bottom, in particular in a liquid-tight and / or gas-tight manner. Alternatively, and in particular additionally, this embodiment can also include at least one second edging element, designed and configured to seal the second longitudinal edge from the top to the bottom, in particular in a liquid-tight and / or gas-tight manner.

[0054] The problem underlying the invention is further solved by a manufacturing process, in particular a semi-continuous or continuous manufacturing process, for a component according to the invention, comprising, in particular in this order, the steps:

[0055] Provision of the components forming the building structure, in particular in the form of extrudable or injection-moldable materials, especially polymers and / or polymer monomers,

[0056] Provision of filaments and / or rovings, in particular as roll goods, preferably in the form of a woven fabric, optionally provision of the cover layer, in particular comprising the photovoltaic layer, preferably in the form of an organic photovoltaic layer, particularly preferably in the form of a film, optionally provision of the protective layer,

[0057] Forming the building structure and connecting the components forming the building structure and the filaments and / or rovings, as well as, if applicable, the cover layer and, if applicable, the protective layer, by, in particular, continuous (co)-extrusion of the building structure, in particular the component, wherein the components forming the building structure and the filaments and / or rovings, as well as, if applicable, the cover layer and, if applicable, the protective layer are connected to each other, as well as, if applicable, cutting the component and, if applicable, attaching the housing.

[0058] The manufacturing process according to the invention enables in particular the continuous production of components, so that the production of large quantities of components on an industrial scale can also take place.

[0059] In another embodiment, it is also possible for components to be manufactured semi-continuously.

[0060] The problem underlying the invention is further solved by a component module comprising at least one first and at least one second component according to the invention. Here, the protrusions on the underside of the first component engage in the indentations on the top side of the second component, in particular flush. Furthermore, the protrusions on the top side of the second component engage in the indentations on the underside of the first component, in particular flush. In this component module according to the invention, there is no covering layer on either the top side of the first component or the underside of the second component. Such a covering layer, e.g., in the form of a photovoltaic layer, can be present on the top side of the first component or on the underside of the second component in the component module according to the invention, with placement on the top side of the first component being preferred.

[0061] The component module according to the invention is characterized by a particularly high degree of mechanical stability. It can generally be used as a self-supporting component module without further reinforcement or support elements.

[0062] For many applications, such a component module according to the invention has proven to be very advantageous, in which a first area of ​​protrusions and indentations on the upper surface of a second component according to the invention engages, in particular flush, in corresponding indentations and protrusions of a first component according to the invention or an area of ​​a first component. Alternatively, it can be provided that a second area of ​​protrusions and indentations on the upper surface of the second component according to the invention of the component module according to the invention engages in corresponding indentations and protrusions of a further first component according to the invention or an area of ​​a second component according to the invention of the component module according to the invention.

[0063] The problem underlying the invention is solved particularly reliably with such component modules according to the invention, comprising i) at least one first component according to the invention, in which alternating protrusions and, in particular, channel-shaped indentations are arranged on the underside of the building body, extending from or away from the first transverse edge in the direction of or to the second transverse edge, and ii) at least one second component according to the invention, wherein the protrusions of the underside of the first component engage in the indentations of the top side of the second component, in particular flush, and wherein the protrusions of the top side of the second component engage in the indentations of the underside of the first component, in particular flush.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, this embodiment of the component module according to the invention is characterized in that a first area of ​​protrusions and indentations on the top side of the second component engages in corresponding indentations and protrusions of the first component or an area of ​​the first component, in particular flush, and that a second area of ​​protrusions and indentations on the top side of the second component engages in corresponding indentations and protrusions of a further first component or an area of ​​a second component.

[0065] In this embodiment, a cover layer can be present on the underside of at least one second component, and alternatively, in particular, on the top side of at least one first component.

[0066] A photovoltaic layer can also be present on the underside of at least one second component, or alternatively, in particular, on the top side of at least one first component.

[0067] Among these component modules according to the invention, those are preferred in which the first transverse edge of the body of the second component has a recess C, in particular a notch, extending from the first longitudinal edge to the opposite second longitudinal edge. Alternatively, and especially additionally, it can be provided that the second transverse edge of the body of the second component has a recess D, in particular a notch, extending from the first longitudinal edge to the opposite second longitudinal edge.

[0068] If these component modules according to the invention have a cover layer on the upper surface of at least one first component or on the underside of at least one second component, such component modules are particularly advantageous if they further comprise a first enclosure, in particular a liquid-tight and / or gas-tight enclosure, with an enclosure base and enclosure walls in the region of the first transverse edge of the first and second components. This allows the component modules according to the invention to be used in a variety of applications, especially outdoors. This first enclosure preferably has two chambers, which are separated from each other by a wall extending from the first longitudinal edge to the opposite second longitudinal edge of the first and second components. By engaging in the recess C, in particular flush with the wall, a particularly effective liquid-tight and / or gas-tight seal is achieved.

[0069] Accordingly, it can be provided that the wall present in recess C is connected to the second component, in particular in a liquid-tight and / or gas-tight manner, especially by bonding.

[0070] The base of the first enclosure is preferably positioned at a distance from the first transverse edge of the first and second structural components. This provides a channel-like receiving area for liquid. In a suitable embodiment, the chamber of the first enclosure, which accommodates the first transverse edge of the first component and, in sections, the first transverse edge of the second component, has a fluid or gas outlet connection. Furthermore, the chamber that, in sections, accommodates the first transverse edge of the second component may also have a fluid or gas outlet.

[0071] In a further embodiment, the component module according to the invention, in which a cover layer is provided on the upper surface of at least one first component, can further comprise a second enclosure, in particular a liquid-tight and / or gas-tight enclosure, with an enclosure base and enclosure walls in the region of the second transverse edge of the first and second components. This second enclosure can also be equipped with two chambers, which are separated from each other by a wall extending from the first longitudinal edge to the opposite second longitudinal edge of the first and second components.

[0072] This wall preferably engages in the recess D, in particular flush. In particular, the wall present in the recess D can be connected to the second component, in particular in a liquid-tight and / or gas-tight manner, especially by bonding.

[0073] In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the base of the second enclosure is positioned at a distance from the second transverse edge of the first and second building components. In this configuration as well, the chamber that accommodates the second transverse edge of the first component and, in sections, the second transverse edge of the second component can have a fluid or gas inlet connection. Furthermore, it can also be provided that the chamber, which in sections accommodates the second transverse edge of the second component, has a fluid or gas outlet.

[0074] In the particularly advantageous embodiments described above, the fluid or gas inlets are advantageously designed and configured to be connected to a fluid system in such a way that a fluid can flow or circulate through the component. The fluid or gas outlet(s) in the chamber(s) that sectionally accommodate the first or second transverse edge of the structure of the second component are designed and configured to direct, directly or indirectly, into the gutter if a fluid passes from the first chamber into the second chamber of a respective third and / or fourth enclosure, particularly via recess C and / or D. This ensures that even in the event of a leak, escaping water can always be drained away in a controlled manner.

[0075] For many applications, particularly outdoors, such component modules according to the invention have proven to be especially suitable, further comprising at least one first edging element, designed and configured to seal a first longitudinal edge of the first and second components from the top of the first component to the bottom of the second component, in particular in a liquid-tight and / or gas-tight manner. Alternatively, and in particular additionally, these component modules according to the invention further comprise at least one second edging element, designed and configured to seal a second longitudinal edge of the first and second components from the top of the first component to the bottom of the second component, in particular in a liquid-tight and / or gas-tight manner.

[0076] The components and component modules according to the invention are particularly suitable for use as roof, wall, or floor components or as roof, wall, or floor component modules, and especially also as solar panel units. Preferably, the components and component modules can also be attached to the facades of existing buildings or serve as walls for buildings. Preferably, the components and component modules can also serve as noise barriers, industrial roofing, hangars, or landing platforms, especially for eVTOL air taxis. Existing buildings can also be re-roofed using the components and / or component modules according to the invention.

[0077] Accordingly, the problem underlying the invention is also solved by a roof or wall construction comprising at least one component or component module according to the invention.

[0078] Among these roof and wall constructions according to the invention, those are preferred which do not have any additional load-bearing elements, in other words, which are self-supporting.

[0079] The roof and wall construction according to the invention is expediently equipped with a gutter, in particular with a connection to the underside of the component or to the underside of the second component of the building structure.

[0080] Typically, a gutter is installed at a distance from a building wall on the roof overhang. However, this generally requires that the underside of the roof between the gutter and the building wall be covered. This covering can be omitted with the roof and wall construction according to the invention. Preferably, the gutter is attached to the roof and wall construction according to the invention in such a way that the roof overhang is completely covered.

[0081] Particularly preferred are roof and wall constructions where the connection is made to the first or third enclosure or beyond the first or third enclosure.

[0082] The problem underlying the invention is also solved in particular by a pitched roof construction comprising a roof ridge and a first and a second roof construction according to the invention on either side of the roof ridge. Here, the first and second roof constructions according to the invention preferably interlock flush in the area of ​​the roof ridge, and particularly preferably in a liquid-tight and / or gas-tight manner.

[0083] In a preferred embodiment, the two roof structures according to the invention are connected to each other at the ridge via a hinge, in particular a pivot hinge. This embodiment has the particular advantage that the roof structure can be delivered fully assembled. The two roof structures connected via the hinge can thus be placed on the roof truss and automatically adjust to the roof pitch via the hinge. The hinge allows the roof structures located on each side of a roof, e.g., a gable roof, to be installed at different roof pitches. In a further advantageous embodiment, the hinge is a film hinge. This helps to reduce the structural complexity in the ridge area.

[0084] A particularly energy-efficient gable roof construction according to the invention can also be achieved by providing at least one wind turbine in the area of ​​the roof ridge, in particular between the first and the second roof structure. In this embodiment, the roof ridge forms the receptacle for the wind turbine, which is rotatably mounted in the roof ridge.

[0085] It is further advantageous if the gable roof construction according to the invention, comprising at least one wind turbine in the area of ​​the roof ridge, includes an enclosure for the wind turbine which is designed and configured to at least partially enclose the wind turbine. Depending on the type of wind turbine, this partial enclosure ensures that the winds striking the turbine only affect it in such a way as to drive the turbine. In principle, all types of wind turbines can be used for generating wind energy in conjunction with the gable roof construction according to the invention. Preferably, the wind turbine is a horizontal wind turbine extending partially or completely along the roof ridge. Such a wind turbine is particularly efficient at converting the wind rising along the roof surfaces into electrical energy.

[0086] The efficiency of the wind turbine is also regularly improved compared to a conventional roof construction by ensuring that the surfaces of the roof facing away from the building are smooth, thus forming a large, uniform, flat surface that advantageously extends across the entire roof. This allows the wind to be directed to the wind turbine with virtually no turbulence. This increases the power output compared to a conventional roof surface (for example, made of tiles) because a greater amount of kinetic energy can be transferred to the wind turbine.

[0087] Particularly versatile roof and wall constructions according to the invention, as well as particularly versatile gable roof constructions according to the invention, especially those each containing at least one photovoltaic layer, further comprise, in a preferred embodiment, a heat exchanger unit in operative connection with the channels extending from the first transverse edge to the second transverse edge, which are formed by the cover layer and the indentations of the upper surface. A heat exchanger unit within the meaning of this invention can be a heat exchanger or a heat pump.

[0088] Roof and wall constructions according to the invention, as well as gable roof constructions according to the invention, can preferably also be designed and configured such that a warm medium is pumped through the channels to de-ice the roof and / or wall. This is particularly advantageous if the roof and wall constructions according to the invention, as well as the gable roof construction according to the invention, include a photovoltaic system. This ensures optimal power generation at all times, even in winter. Even without a photovoltaic system, it can be advantageous to clear a roof of ice and / or snow to prevent excessive roof loads caused by ice and / or snow.

[0089] The roof and wall constructions according to the invention, as well as the gable roof constructions according to the invention, can preferably also be combined with an energy storage system designed and configured to store the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic array and release it as needed. The energy storage system comprises systems for storing electricity known to those skilled in the art, such as batteries or salt storage systems. Generally, a salt storage system is understood to be a system in which salt absorbs excess energy and releases it again when required, whereby phase changes of the salt can also occur. The stored energy can be used to heat domestic hot water and / or, if necessary, to defrost the roof.

[0090] The roof and wall constructions according to the invention, as well as the gable roof constructions according to the invention, have the particular advantage that the use of the components and / or component modules according to the invention enables a self-supporting structure. This means, for example, that a conventional roof truss can essentially be dispensed with. This significantly reduces the material and assembly costs compared to conventional roof constructions, where a roof truss must first be constructed from a large number of supports, especially joists, onto which, among other things, battens, membranes, plasterboard, and insulation layers are subsequently attached. A roof construction simplified in this way also has the particular advantage that disruptive thermal bridges, especially between the roof truss, insulation material, and roof covering, can be avoided.

[0091] In particular, if the building structure of the roof and wall constructions according to the invention, as well as the gable roof constructions according to the invention, comprises a layer of foam or a building structure made of or comprising closed-pore foam, conventional insulation can be dispensed with.

[0092] A particularly high efficiency can be achieved with such roof and wall constructions according to the invention, as well as with gable roof constructions according to the invention, especially with those that each contain at least one photovoltaic layer and furthermore include a coolant pump unit in operative connection with the channels extending from the first transverse edge to the second transverse edge, which are formed by the cover layer and the indentations of the top surface. In this way, for example, the temperature best suited for optimal efficiency of the photovoltaic layer can be set and maintained even under strong solar radiation.

[0093] The present invention is based on the surprising finding that by selectively incorporating filaments or rovings into, in particular, closed-cell foamed building components, a mechanically very stable, especially self-supporting, component can be obtained. It is also particularly surprising that the components and component modules according to the invention are readily suitable for house construction and can be used as walls, roof structures, or even as substrates. The components and component modules according to the invention have a particularly low weight, so that elaborate supporting structures can be dispensed with. In roof structures, it has proven particularly advantageous that almost all supporting structures, such as conventional roof trusses, can be dispensed with. This significantly reduces construction costs.

[0094] Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are explained by way of example with reference to schematic drawings. These drawings show:

[0095] Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a structural element of an embodiment of a component according to the invention.

[0096] Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of a further embodiment of a structural element of a component according to the invention.

[0097] Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a component according to the invention.

[0098] Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a component module according to the invention.

[0099] Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of the components of the component module according to Figure 4 before assembly.

[0100] Figure 6 showed an alternative embodiment of a component according to the invention,

[0101] Figure 7 shows a schematic representation of a saddle roof construction according to the invention and

[0102] Figure 8 shows a schematic representation of an enclosure according to the invention.

[0103] Figure 1 shows a component 2 of a component 1 according to the invention. This component 2 is based on a closed-cell foam material. In the illustrated embodiment, the component is made of expanded polystyrene (EPS). The component 2 has a top surface 4 and an opposing bottom surface 6, as well as opposing longitudinal edges 8, 10 and opposing transverse edges 12, 14. On the top surface 4, alternating protrusions 16 and channel-shaped indentations 18 are arranged. These run essentially parallel to each other. In the illustrated embodiment, the protrusions 16 and the indentations 18 extend from the first transverse edge 12 to the second transverse edge 14 (not shown). Each protrusion 16 has a central recess A in the form of a notch 20, which extends from the first transverse edge 12 to the second transverse edge 14. The notches 20 are designed to accommodate at least one filament or...to accommodate a multitude of filaments or at least one roving or a multitude of rovings (see Figure 3). However, such recesses A are only one of several possibilities for accommodating a filament or a multitude of filaments or at least one roving or a multitude of rovings. Preferably, the single filament or the multitude of filaments or the at least one roving or the multitude of rovings is / are introduced into the structure, for example from foam, before or during its formation. In this case, the separate production of a recess A or B is not necessary.

[0104] The structure 2 shown in Figure 1 is also equipped on its underside 6, like the top side 4, with alternatingly arranged protrusions 22 and channel-shaped indentations 24, which extend from the first transverse edge 12 to the second transverse edge 14 and are arranged substantially parallel to each other. Like the protrusions 16 of the top side 4, in the illustrated embodiment the protrusions 22 of the underside 6 also have substantially centrally located recesses B in the form of indentations 26, which extend from the first transverse edge 12 to the second transverse edge 14. The indentations 26 are also designed and configured to receive at least one filament or a plurality of filaments or at least one roving or a plurality of rovings, which can extend from the first transverse edge 12 to the second transverse edge.

[0105] In the illustrated embodiment of a structural element 2 of the component according to the invention, the projections 16 and 22 of the upper and lower surfaces 4, 6 are essentially congruent. The same applies to the indentations 18 and 24 of the upper and lower surfaces. However, this is not a mandatory requirement for obtaining a functional structural element or a fully functional component.

[0106] A spring element 28 is located on the first longitudinal edge 8 of the building body 2, and a groove element 30 matching the spring element is located on the second longitudinal edge 10. In this way, two identically shaped building bodies 2 or two identically shaped components 1 according to the invention can be joined flush with each other.

[0107] In the illustrated embodiment of a component 2 of the invention, both the projections 16 of the upper surface 4 and the projections 22 of the lower surface 6 have a plateau surface 31, 32 on both sides of the recesses 20 and 26, respectively. The plateau surfaces 31 of the projections 16 of the upper surface 4 and the plateau surfaces 32 of the projections 22 of the lower surface 6 lie essentially in one plane. In this way, a cover layer can be connected particularly reliably, flush, and firmly to the upper or lower surface (see Figure 4).

[0108] Figure 2 shows a further embodiment of a building element 2' of a component 1' according to the invention. In contrast to the building element 2 according to Figure 1, in this building element 2' the projections 16 and the indentations 18 are only present on the upper surface 4'. The lower surface 6', on the other hand, is flat.

[0109] Figure 3 shows an embodiment of a component 1' according to the invention. The component 2' shown in Figure 3 corresponds essentially to the component according to Figure 2, i.e., the underside 6' is flat. In the essentially parallel projections 16, there are recesses A in the form of indentations 20, extending from the first transverse edge 12 to the second transverse edge 14 (not shown). In the illustrated embodiment, rovings 34 formed from carbon fibers are embedded in these recesses A. They are firmly bonded to the wall of the recesses A. This can be achieved by using adhesives or by heating the walls of the recesses A to temperatures in the range of the glass transition temperature of the closed-cell material of the component in the presence of the rovings and subsequent cooling.The rovings 34 preferably fill the entire volume of the depressions 20 and terminate at the level of the plateau surfaces 31. Additionally, the illustrated structure 2 includes a protective layer 70. This provides additional stability to the structural module 100.

[0110] Figure 4 shows an embodiment of a component module 100 according to the invention, formed from a first component 1 according to the invention, which essentially corresponds to the component according to Figure 1, and a second component 1' according to the invention. This second component 1' makes use of a structure 2' according to Figure 3. In contrast to the structure 2 according to Figure 1, the structure 1 of the component 1 has rovings 34 in the recesses on the upper and lower surfaces, as described above for example for Figure 1. The projections 16 of the upper surface 4' of the second component 1' engage flush with the indentations 24 of the lower surface 6 of the first component 1; the projections 22 of the lower surface 6 of the first component 1 also engage flush with the indentations 18 of the upper surface 4' of the second component 1. The first and second components 1, 1' thus engaged with each other can, for example,The components are permanently joined by first applying an adhesive layer to one or both of the surfaces that meet. Additionally, the illustrated structure 2 includes a protective layer 70. This provides additional stability.

[0111] In the embodiment of a component module 100 according to the invention shown in Figure 4, the first and second components 1, 1' are not fully connected to each other. Rather, an area 36 of protrusions 16 and indentations 18 on the upper surface 4' of the second component 1' is aligned with an area of ​​the first component 1. Thus, only the corresponding indentations and protrusions of these areas of the two components interlock. By staggering the placement of several first and second components, a particularly stable component module can be obtained, which also helps to prevent the penetration of water particularly effectively. This is especially true when adjacent first components as well as adjacent second components are connected to each other via tongue-and-groove elements.

[0112] On the plateau surfaces 31 of the elevations 16 of the upper surface 4 of the first component 1, which lie essentially in one plane, a cover layer 38 is flush-mounted in the component module 100. This creates separate and enclosed channels 40 from the indentations 18, through which a cooling medium can be guided, for example, a cooling fluid to cool a cover layer that functions as a photovoltaic layer, or a fluid that can be fed to a heat exchanger. The cooling medium can be water, salt solutions, or even air. Other heat transfer fluids known from the prior art for cooling purposes are also conceivable. Figure 5 shows the components of the component module 100 according to Figure 4 before assembly.

[0113] Figure 6 shows an alternative embodiment of a component 1 according to the invention. In this embodiment, the upper and lower surfaces are essentially identical to the component module 100 shown in Figures 4 and 5. However, the component 1" of Figure 6 is formed in one piece. Accordingly, the component 1" has a continuous body 2". A protective layer 70 is located on its lower surface 6. The surface 4 has plateau surfaces 31 on the projections 16, which lie essentially in one plane. A cover layer 38 is attached flush with these. This creates channels 40 from the indentations 18, which are separated from one another and enclosed, and through which a cooling medium can be guided. The projections 16 also include rovings 34 embedded within them.

[0114] Figure 7 shows an embodiment of a gable roof construction 300 according to the invention, comprising a roof ridge 41 and a first and a second roof construction 200, 200' according to the invention. The first and a second roof construction 200, 200' according to the invention are located on either side of the roof ridge and interlock flush and in a liquid-tight and / or gas-tight manner in the area of ​​the roof ridge 41. In the illustrated embodiment, the first and the second roof construction 200, 200' according to the invention are each equipped on their upper surface with a photovoltaic layer 38 as a covering layer. They have no additional load-bearing elements. The illustrated embodiment also includes a wind turbine 42 arranged in the area of ​​the roof ridge 41, which can drive a turbine (not shown) connected to it in order to generate electricity.In the area of ​​the first transverse edge 12, the first roof structure 200 has a liquid-tight and / or gas-tight third enclosure 44 with an enclosure floor 46 and enclosure walls 48, wherein the enclosure floor 46 of the third enclosure 44 is spaced apart from the first transverse edge 12. Furthermore, a liquid-tight and / or gas-tight fourth enclosure 50 with an enclosure floor 52 and enclosure walls 54 is provided in the area of ​​the second transverse edge 14, wherein the enclosure floor 52 of the fourth enclosure 50 is spaced apart from the second transverse edge 14. The third enclosure 44 has a fluid or gas outlet connection 56 in the area between the enclosure floor 46 and the first transverse edge 12. The fourth enclosure 50 has a fluid or gas inlet connection 58 in the area between the enclosure floor 52 and the second transverse edge 14.Furthermore, the first longitudinal edge 8, from the top 4 to the bottom 6, is sealed liquid-tight and / or gas-tight by two U-shaped first edging elements 60, 60' and thus protected against liquid ingress. Similarly, the second longitudinal edge of the roof structure 200, from the top to the bottom, can be protected against liquid ingress by two L-shaped second edging elements 61, 61'. The fluid or gas inlet connection 58 and the fluid or gas outlet connection 56 are arranged in an advantageous embodiment in Figure 7. This means that the fluid inlet is arranged so that it can flow through the component under its own weight. This makes it possible to allow the fluid to flow through the component at reduced pressure, in particular at atmospheric pressure. However, it is also generally conceivable to reverse the fluid flow and use a pump to guide it through the component against gravity.

[0115] A gutter 62 is attached to the underside of the roof structure 200. This gutter 62 is positioned in such a way that a cover between the gutter and the building wall, which is necessary in conventional roof designs, can be omitted. This saves costs and materials. Roof structures typically also extend beyond the side walls of the building (gable ends) (not shown here). In this case as well, the cover between the building wall and the longitudinal edge of the components or building modules can be omitted. This is then already provided by the protective layer 70. This saves further costs and materials.

[0116] Figure 7 also illustrates the advantages of the invention with regard to energy generation. The photovoltaic module can generate electrical energy, while the heating of the fluid flowing in the channels 40 by the incident solar radiation can be used, in the sense of a solar thermal system, to provide a heated medium, in particular heated water, e.g., domestic hot water, for heating purposes. Finally, the optionally attachable wind turbine can provide additional electrical energy. Due to the optimized, in particular smooth, surfaces of the components, the wind can be used more efficiently than with roofs that, although they include a wind turbine, use roof tiles, i.e., a structured surface, as roofing material.

[0117] Figure 8 shows a detailed view of the enclosure 44 or 50 of Figure 7.

[0118] The features of the invention disclosed in the foregoing description, in the claims and in the drawings can be essential for the realization of the invention in its various embodiments, both individually and in any combination.

[0119] Be zu gs Zeich en liste

[0120] Component 1, 1', 1"

[0121] Building 2, 2 ', 2"

[0122] Top side 4, 4'

[0123] Bottom 6, 6 '

[0124] Longitudinal edge 8, 10

[0125] Cross margin 12, 14

[0126] Surveys 16

[0127] Indentations 18

[0128] Notch 20 / A

[0129] Survey 22

[0130] Indentation 24

[0131] Notch 26 / A

[0132] Spring element 28

[0133] Groove element 30

[0134] Plateau area 31, 32

[0135] Roving 34

[0136] Area 36

[0137] Cover layer 38

[0138] Channel 40

[0139] Roof ridge 41

[0140] Wind turbine 42

[0141] Third enclosure 44

[0142] Enclosure floor 46

[0143] Enclosure wall 48

[0144] Fourth enclosure 50

[0145] Enclosure floor 52

[0146] Enclosure wall 54

[0147] Fluid connection 56

[0148] Fluid connection 58

[0149] First edging element 60, 60 '

[0150] Second edging element 61, 61'

[0151] Gutter 62

[0152] Protection level 70

[0153] Component module 100 Roof construction 200, 200"

[0154] Gable roof construction 300

Claims

1. Component, in particular a self-supporting component, comprising a structure with a top and an opposing bottom, as well as opposing longitudinal edges and opposing transverse edges, further comprising at least one filament, preferably a plurality of filaments, or at least one roving or a plurality of rovings.

2. Component according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper surface has alternately arranged protrusions and, in particular, channel-shaped indentations, which preferably run parallel or substantially parallel, wherein the protrusions and the indentations extend from or spaced apart from the first transverse edge in the direction of or to the second transverse edge, and wherein at least one, preferably all, protrusion(s) and / or at least one, preferably all, indentation(s) further comprise(s) the at least one filament, preferably the plurality of filaments, or the at least one roving or the plurality of rovings, wherein the filament(s) or the roving(s) extend from or spaced apart from the first transverse edge in the direction of or to the second transverse edge, preferably centrally on the protrusion and / or in the indentation.

3. Component according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first transverse edge has a spring element and / or, in particular, the second transverse edge has a groove element, in particular one suitable for the spring element, or that the first longitudinal edge has a spring element and / or, in particular, the second longitudinal edge has a groove element, in particular one suitable for the spring element.

4. Component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the building body comprises or consists of a layer of foam and / or that the building body is at least partially, in particular substantially completely, designed as or consists of a closed-pore foam body.

5. Component according to claim 4, characterized in that the foam layer or the closed-cell foam body is based on or formed from acrylic, polystyrene, in particular EPS, XPS or SAN, PMI, phenol, PMA, PU, ​​PVC, PET, PP, PE, PEI foam or mineral foams, in particular expanded concrete, calcium silicate or high-temperature wool, or that the foam layer or the closed-cell foam body is based on or formed from plant-based and / or, in particular, biodegradable polymers, in particular comprising polylactides, Polyhydroxyalkanoates, poly(butylene succinate) and any mixtures thereof.

6. Component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filament(s) or roving(s) are connected to the building body, in particular the foam layer or the closed-cell foam body, in particular are completely or partially embedded therein, and / or, in particular, that the filament(s) or roving(s) are bonded to the building body, in particular the foam layer or the closed-cell foam body.

7. Component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filament or roving comprises or is formed from natural, glass, metal, aramid, carbon, polymethacrylimide, Vectran, basalt and / or thermoplastic fibers.

8. Component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the underside of the building body has alternately arranged protrusions and, in particular, channel-shaped indentations, which extend from or spaced apart from the first transverse edge in the direction of or to the second transverse edge, wherein the protrusions and indentations of the underside preferably run parallel or substantially parallel.

9. Component according to claim 8, characterized in that at least one, preferably all, protrusion(s) and / or at least one, preferably all, indentation(s), furthermore at least one filament, preferably a plurality of filaments, or at least one roving or a plurality of comprising rovings, wherein the filament(s) or roving(s) extend from or spaced apart from the first transverse edge in the direction of or to the second transverse edge, preferably centrally on the elevation and / or centrally in the indentation.

10. Component according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the alternatingly arranged protrusions of the upper surface are each substantially in alignment with the alternatingly arranged protrusions of the lower surface and / or, in particular, that the alternatingly arranged, in particular channel-shaped, indentations of the upper surface are substantially in alignment with the alternatingly arranged, in particular channel-shaped, indentations of the lower surface.

11. Component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elevations, in particular on this side and beyond the depression A and / or the depression B, have a plateau surface.

12. Component according to claim 11, characterized in that the plateau surfaces of the elevations of the upper side lie substantially in one plane and / or that the plateau surfaces of the elevations of the lower side lie substantially in one plane.

13. Component according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a cover layer with a top and a bottom, wherein the bottom, in particular at the protrusions, in particular all protrusions, abuts the top or the bottom of the building body, in particular is connected thereto.

14. Component according to claim 13, characterized in that the cover layer and the indentations of the upper or lower surface form, in particular liquid-tight and / or gas-tight, channels which extend from the first transverse edge to the second transverse edge, and / or, in particular, that the cover layer seals the filaments or rovings present, in particular in the recesses A, in a liquid-tight and / or gas-tight manner.

15. Component according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the cover layer is a photovoltaic layer, in particular an organic photovoltaic film.

16. Component according to one of claims 13 to 15, further comprising a protective layer opposite the building structure with respect to the covering layer, in particular photovoltaic layer.

17. Component according to one of claims 13 to 16, further comprising a third enclosure, in particular liquid-tight and / or gas-tight, with an enclosure base and enclosure walls in the area of ​​the first transverse edge, wherein the enclosure base of the third enclosure is preferably spaced apart from the first transverse edge, and / or a fourth enclosure, in particular liquid-tight and / or gas-tight, with an enclosure base and enclosure walls in the area of ​​the second transverse edge, wherein the enclosure base of the fourth enclosure is preferably spaced apart from the second transverse edge.

18. Component according to claim 17, characterized in that the third enclosure has a fluid outlet connection in the area between the enclosure base and the first transverse edge and / or, in particular, that the fourth enclosure has a fluid inlet connection in the area between the enclosure base and the second transverse edge.

19. Component according to one of claims 16 to 18, further comprising at least one first edging element, designed and configured to close the first longitudinal edge from the top to the bottom, in particular in a liquid-tight and / or gas-tight manner, and / or, in particular, at least one second edging element, designed and configured to close the second longitudinal edge from the top to the bottom, in particular in a liquid-tight and / or gas-tight manner.

20. Component module, in particular a self-supporting component module, comprising at least one first and at least one second component according to any one of claims 2 to 19, wherein the projections of the underside of the first component extend into the Indentations of the top side of the second component, in particular flush, engage and wherein the protrusions of the top side of the second component engage into the indentations of the underside of the first component, in particular flush.

21. Component module according to claim 20, characterized in that a first area of ​​protrusions and indentations of the upper surface of a second component engages in corresponding indentations and protrusions of a first component or an area of ​​a first component, in particular flush, and that a second area of ​​protrusions and indentations of the upper surface of the second component engages in corresponding indentations and protrusions of a further first component or an area of ​​a second component.

22. Component module, in particular a self-supporting component module, comprising at least a first component according to one of claims 8 to 19, insofar as and insofar as directly or indirectly related to claim 2, and at least a second component according to one of claims 2 to 19, wherein the projections of the underside of the first component engage in the indentations of the top side of the second component, in particular flush, and wherein the projections of the top side of the second component engage in the indentations of the underside of the first component, in particular flush.

23. Component module according to claim 22, characterized in that a first area of ​​protrusions and indentations of the upper surface of a second component engages in corresponding indentations and protrusions of a first component or an area of ​​a first component, in particular flush, and that a second area of ​​protrusions and indentations of the upper surface of the second component engages in corresponding indentations and protrusions of a further first component or an area of ​​a second component.

24. Component module according to one of claims 20 to 23, characterized in that a cover layer is present on the top side of at least one first component.

25. Component module according to one of claims 20 to 24, characterized in that a photovoltaic layer is present on the top side of at least one first component.

26. Component module according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that the first transverse edge of the building structure of the second component, a depression extending from the first longitudinal edge to the opposite second longitudinal edge C, in particular an indentation, and / or, in particular, that the second transverse edge of the building body of the second component has a depression extending from the first longitudinal edge to the opposite second longitudinal edge D, in particular indentation.

27. Component module according to one of claims 20 to 26, in particular according to one of claims 24 to 26, further comprising a first enclosure, in particular liquid-tight and / or gas-tight, with an enclosure floor and enclosure walls in the area of ​​the first transverse edge of the building bodies of the first and second component, wherein the first enclosure preferably has two chambers which are separated from each other by a wall extending from the first longitudinal edge to the opposite second longitudinal edge of the first and second component.

28. Component module according to claim 27, characterized in that the wall engages in the recess C, in particular flush, wherein this wall present in the recess C is preferably connected to the second component, in particular liquid-tight and / or gas-tight, in particular bonded.

29. Component module according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that the enclosure floor of the first enclosure is spaced apart from the first transverse edge of the first and second building body.

30. Component module according to claim 29, characterized in that the chamber which receives the first transverse edge of the structure of the first component and section by section the first transverse edge of the structure of the second component has a fluid outlet connection and that optionally the chamber which section by section receives the first transverse edge of the structure of the second component has a fluid outlet.

31. Component module according to one of claims 20 to 30, further comprising A second enclosure, in particular liquid-tight and / or gas-tight, with an enclosure floor and enclosure walls in the area of ​​the second transverse edge of the building bodies of the first and second components, wherein the second enclosure preferably has two chambers that are separated from each other by a wall extending from the first longitudinal edge to the opposite second longitudinal edge of the first and second components.

32. Component module according to claim 31, characterized in that the wall engages in the recess D, in particular flush, wherein this wall present in the recess D is preferably connected to the second component, in particular liquid-tight and / or gas-tight, in particular bonded.

33. Component module according to one of claims 27 to 32, characterized in that the housing base of the second housing is spaced apart from the second transverse edge of the first and second building body, wherein the chamber which receives the second transverse edge of the building body of the first component and section by section the second transverse edge of the building body of the second component preferably has a fluid inlet connection.

34. Component module according to one of claims 20 to 33, further comprising at least one first edging element, designed and configured to close off a first longitudinal edge of the first and second components from the top of the first component to the bottom of the second component, in particular in a liquid-tight and / or gas-tight manner, and / or, in particular, at least one second edging element, designed and configured to close off a second longitudinal edge of the first and second components from the top of the first component to the bottom of the second component, in particular in a liquid-tight and / or gas-tight manner.

35. Use of the component according to one of claims 1 to 19 or of the component module according to one of claims 20 to 34 as a roof, wall or floor component or as a roof, wall or floor component module.

36. Use of the component according to claim 15 or according to one of claims 16 to 19, insofar as and to the extent that it is directly or indirectly related to claim 15, or of the component module according to claim 25 or according to one of claims 26 to 34, insofar as and insofar as directly or indirectly related to claim 25, as a solar panel unit.

37. Roof or wall construction comprising at least one component according to any one of claims 1 to 19, in particular according to claim 15 or according to any one of claims 16 to 19, insofar as it is directly or indirectly related to claim 15, or at least one component module according to any one of claims 20 to 34, in particular according to claim 25 or according to any one of claims 26 to 34, insofar as it is directly or indirectly related to claim 25.

38. Roof or wall construction according to claim 37, characterized in that it does not have any additional load-bearing elements.

39. Roof or wall construction according to claim 37 or 38, further comprising a gutter, in particular with a connection to the underside of the component or to the underside of the second component of the building structure, wherein the connection is preferably located on the first or third enclosure or beyond the first or third enclosure.

40. Gable roof construction comprising a roof ridge and a first and a second roof construction according to one of claims 37 to 39 on this side and beyond the roof ridge, wherein the first and the second roof construction are preferably flush in the area of ​​the roof ridge, in particular liquid-tight and / or gas-tight, connected, in particular interlocking.

41. Saddle roof construction according to claim 40, further comprising at least one wind turbine in the area of ​​the roof ridge, in particular between the first and the second roof construction.

42. Roof or wall construction according to one of claims 37 to 39 or gable roof construction according to claim 40 or 41, further comprising a heat exchanger unit in operative connection with the channels extending from the first transverse edge to the second transverse edge, which are formed by the cover layer and the indentations of the top surface and / or further comprising a coolant pump unit in operative connection with the channels extending from the first transverse edge to the second transverse edge, which are formed by the cover layer and the indentations of the top surface.

43. Manufacturing process, in particular semi-continuous or continuous Manufacturing method for a component according to any one of claims 1 to 19, comprising the steps: Provision of the components forming the building structure, in particular in the form of extrudable or injection-moldable materials, especially polymers and / or polymer monomers, Provision of filaments and / or rovings, in particular as roll goods, optionally provision of the cover layer, in particular comprising the photovoltaic layer, preferably in the form of an organic photovoltaic layer, particularly preferably in the form of a film, optionally provision of the protective layer, Forming the building structure and connecting the components forming the building structure and the filaments and / or rovings, as well as, if applicable, the cover layer and, if applicable, the protective layer, by, in particular, continuous (co)-extrusion of the building structure, in particular the component, wherein the components forming the building structure and the filaments and / or rovings, as well as, if applicable, the cover layer and, if applicable, the protective layer are connected to each other, as well as, if applicable, cutting the component and, if applicable, attaching the housing.

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