An artificial intelligence-supported system capable of wet and dry filtration in single-chimney using boron, zeolite mineral and ammonia

Abstract

A system is described that enables the purification of COx, SOx, NOx, dioxin and furan, and H2S gases using wet and dry filters in a single chimney, comprising: a nozzle system (2) that sprays a mixture consisting of water, micronized zeolite, ammonia, and boron mineral in fine droplets to perform the first purification of SOx (sulfur oxides), NOx (nitrogen oxides), and COx (carbon oxides) gases entering the chimney (1) from the combustion gas, a zeolite-based dry filter (3) that purifies the dioxin and furan components in the flue gas (B) rising after the first purification, a first continuous measurement system (4) that measures the values of the combustion gas at the entry point to the chimney (1), a second continuous measurement system (5) that measures the values of the combustion gas after the dry filter (3), an Al-supported processor (6) that adjusts the amount of the mixture to be sprayed from the nozzle system (2) based on the comparison of the first continuous measurement system (4) and the second continuous measurement system (5).

Description

[0001] AN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-SUPPORTED SYSTEM CAPABLE OF WET AND DRY FILTRATION IN SINGLE-CHIMNEY USING BORON, ZEOLITE MINERAL AND AMMONIA

[0002] Field of the Invention:

[0003] This invention relates to a system that enables the purification of COx, SOx, NOx, dioxin & furan, and H2S gases using wet and dry filters in a single chimney.

[0004] Background of the Invention:

[0005] The combustion air released from the combustion chamber or incinerator forms various compounds as a result of chemical reactions, depending on the combustion temperature. The concentration of these compounds may vary based on the type of waste / fuel being burned and the quality of the combustion process. The combustion air exiting the chamber passes through various dust collectors (filters) before being released into the environment. However, it is a known issue that certain components in the combustion gases reaching the chimney cannot be completely filtered out by these filters. So, it leads to enviromental problems.

[0006] To preserve the natural composition of air for living beings, it is essential to remove air pollutants such as NOx (nitrogen oxides), SOx (sulfur oxides), COx (carbon oxides), toxic dioxins & furans, and aerosols from flue gases originating from industrial processes. This issue is particularly significant in facilities like energy plants running on fossil fuels (e.g., fuel oil, coal, natural gas, petcoke) and cement factories. Compliance with regulatory requirements has become mandatory for large energy facilities to meet stricter emission limits set for the years 2030-2050. In conventional flue gas treatment technologies, desulfurization, denitrification, and decarbonization facilities are established separately, and the treatment process techniques also differ. For example, in the desulfurization process, lime powder is injected into the combustion chamber, the polluted gas in the wet combustion chimney is washed with a lime solution, and the polluted flue gas in the dry chimney is washed with trona powder. These processes always result in waste that needs to be disposed of. Since dry or wet lime is used for SO2 treatment, the carbon in the lime is released, leading to an increase in carbon emissions. Additionally, SO2 and NOx treatment can be performed using ammonia alone, but it is not an economically viable method.

[0007] The utility model application numbered CN220026520U describes an organic waste gas purification system for plastic production and process technology. The system includes a pre-filter designed to perform the primary removal of particulate matter, dust, and oil from the organic waste gas. The invention is associated with a fixed-bed zeolite dry filter mentioned in the description.

[0008] It has been observed that the document mentioned above only refers to the dry filter and does not mention any structure that ensures the simultaneous treatment of COx, SOx, NOx, H2S, and dioxin & furan components present in the flue gas.

[0009] As a result, there is a need for a new technology that can overcome the aforementioned disadvantages.

[0010] Summary of the Invention:

[0011] The subject of our invention is a system and a mixture that enables the simultaneous denitrification, decarbonization, and desulfurization of flue gas within a single chimney system. Additionally, our invention not only performs these processes but also provides treatment for H2S, which poses a significant problem in geothermal plants, as well as highly variable CO and dioxin-furan emissions.

[0012] Our system includes two filtration methods. The first is wet filtration, known as the nozzle system treatment, and the second is dry filtration. After the first filtration, the purification rate of the treated gases is approximately 60-75%. With the addition of the second filtration, the purification efficiency is further enhanced, reaching up to 80-85%. Notably, SO2 gas is purified at a rate of approximately 98%.

[0013] A dry granular zeolite filter which is the second filtration process, functions both as a droplet catcher and as an absorber of undesirable toxic gases such as dioxins, furans, and H2S.

[0014] After the treatment process, a fertilizer containing carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and trace elements is produced. This fertilizer enhances the nutrient value of the soil, supporting the healthy growth of plants.

[0015] The boron mineral added to the mixture, which is the subject of the invention, not only purifies other gases but also significantly increases the CO2 purification rate compared to the existing technique.

[0016] With the purification of flue gas, the release of harmful pollutants into the atmosphere is reduced and the air quality is improved. Additionally, the amount of chemicals and particulates in the flue gas content is decreased, thereby adverse effects are minimized on human health in accordance with global standards. Furthermore, the system aims to play an effective role in combating climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Another advantage of our invention is that the high efficiency of flue gas purification facilitates compliance with legal regulations for facilities.

[0017] Brief Description of the Invention:

[0018] The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying figures, so that the features of the invention will be more clearly understood and appreciated, but the purpose of this is not to limit the invention to these certain regulations. On the contrary, it is intended to cover all alternatives, changes and equivalences that can be included in the area of the invention defined by the accompanying claims. The details shown should be understood that they are shown only for the purpose of describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are presented in order to provide the most convenient and easily understandable description of both the shaping of methods and the rules and conceptual features of the invention. In these drawings;

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the present invention.

[0020] The figures to help understand the present invention are numbered as indicated in the attached image and are given below along with their names.

[0021] Description of References:

[0022] 1. Chimney

[0023] 2. Nozzle system

[0024] 3. Dry filter

[0025] 4. First continuous measurement system

[0026] 5. Second continuous measurement system

[0027] 6. Processor

[0028] 7. Pump system

[0029] B. Flue gas

[0030] Detailed Description of the Invention:

[0031] The view of the chimney (1) system subject to the invention is provided in Figure 1. The chimney (1) of the invention includes a nozzle system (2), a dry filter (3), a first continuous measurement system (4), a second continuous measurement system (5), and a processor (6) integrated with artificial intelligence.

[0032] The combustion gas (fuel oil, coal, and other gases resulting from the combustion of fossil fuels) entering the chimney (1) subject to the system encounters the nozzle system (2) firstly, described as a wet filter. The nozzle system (2) sprays the mixture delivered to it via the pump system (7) and pipes onto the combustion air, where denitrification, decarbonization, and desulfurization processes (NOx, COx, and SOx purification) take place. As the combustion gas progresses toward the chimney (1) outlet, it also encounters the zeolite-mineral dry filter (3), where the purification of dioxins, furans, H2S, and CO occurs, completing the final filtration and allowing the air to exit through the chimney (1).

[0033] The values of the flue gas (B) at the chimney (1) inlet are continuously measured by the first continuous measurement system (4), while the values at the chimney (1) outlet are measured by the second continuous measurement system (5). These measurements are transmitted to the processor (6). Based on the difference in values between the first (4) and second (5) continuous measurement systems, the processor can adjust the liquid dosage amount via artificial intelligence to enhance the gas purification rate.

[0034] The mixture sprayed from the nozzle system (2) is formed as follows; micronized zeolite (Clinoptilolite) is added to the water, ammonia is added in the prepared amount, mixed and then micronized Boron mineral is added. The boron mineral used here is 2CaO.B2O.5H2O + 2SO2+ 4H2O 2CaS0+ 6HB0

[0035] Ammonia and SOx gas reaction

[0036] SO2+2NH3+H2O+I / 2O2 (NH4)2SO4

[0037] SO3+2NH3+H2O — > (NH4)2SO4

[0038] Ammonia and CO2 gas reaction

[0039] 2NH3+ CO2 (NH2)2CO + H2O

[0040] 2NH3(1) + CO2(g) + H2O(1) T (NH4)2CO3(S)

[0041] Ammonia and NOx gas reaction

[0042] 4NO + 4NH3+ O24N2+6H2O

[0043] 2NO2+ 4NH3+O2 3N2+ 6H2O

[0044] 6NO2 + 8NH3 7N2+ 12H2O

[0045] During the purification of flue gas (B), the solution is sprayed within the chimney as a shower. The solution and the flue gas collide in the air and react. After the reaction, the flue gas components are absorbed by the solution and fall together into the chamber at the bottom of the chimney. Initially, the solution has a pH of 11.5, but after repeated washing / purification processes, the pH drops to around 6, rendering it unusable. While some of the used purification liquid is removed from the bottom of the chimney, fresh solution is supplied to the washing section. The liquid removed / extracted from the bottom of the chimney, which has a lowered pH and has completed its purification function, serves as a fertilizer raw material. This fertilizer contains ammonium sulfate, ammonium bicarbonate, nitrate, trace elements, and aromatic carbon(s). In this form, it is used as a soil conditioner. When enriched, it can be sold as a licensed fertilizer.

Claims

CLAIMS1- A liquid mixture having two minerals and a single alkali that enables the purification of flue gas (B), comprising;— water, micronized zeolite, ammonia, and boron mineral, which enables the purification of flue gas (B) emissions by removing SOx (sulfur oxides), NOx (nitrogen oxides), and COx (carbon oxides), and allows the by-products formed during the purification process, including ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4), ammonium bicarbonate (HC03), nitrate (NO3), trace elements, and aromatic carbons, to be utilized as fertilizer.2- The liquid mixture having two minerals and a single alkali according to Claim 1, wherein the boron mineral is a ulexite.3- The liquid mixture having two minerals and a single alkali according to Claim 1, wherein the zeolite is a Clinoptilolite type zeolite.4- A chimney (1) system that purifies SOx (sulfur oxides), NOx (nitrogen oxides), COx (carbon oxides), and dioxin & furan components in flue gas (B), comprising;— a nozzle system (2) that sprays a mixture consisting of water, micronized zeolite, ammonia, and boron mineral in fine droplets to perform the first purification of SOx (sulfur oxides), NOx (nitrogen oxides), and COx (carbon oxides) gases entering the chimney (1) from the combustion gas,— a zeolite-based dry filter (3) that purifies the dioxin & furan components in the flue gas (B) rising after the first purification,— a first continuous measurement system (4) that measures the values of the combustion gas at the entry point to the chimney (1),— a second continuous measurement system (5) that measures the values of the combustion gas after the dry filter (3),— an Al-supported processor (6) that adjusts the amount of the mixture to be sprayed from the nozzle system (2) based on the comparison of the firstcontinuous measurement system (4) and the second continuous measurement system (5).

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