Adapter and method for modifying vehicle seats

Abstract

The invention relates to an adapter and method of use thereof for adapting a seat on an airline, car, bus, ferry or train to fit a child. In one form, the adapter includes: a fabric body defining a base portion for seating atop the seat base and a back support portion extending from the base portion for resting against the backrest of the seat; a pair of shoulder foam pads extending along opposed side edges of the back support portion; a pair of seat base side foam pads extending along opposed side edges of the base portion, said foam pads configured to abut against an inner surface of the armrests of the seat; a stretchable fabric canopy extending from the back support portion to enclose the shoulder foam pads; and a footrest extending from the base portion to support the occupant's legs.

Description

ADAPTER AND METHOD FOR MODIFYING VEHICLE SEATSTECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to an adapter and method of use thereof for adapting a seat on an airline, car, bus, ferry or train to fit a child. In particular, the present invention relates to a foldable adapter interchangeable between an operable configuration and a compact stowage configuration for portability.BACKGROUND

[0002] It can be challenging when travelling with children on long journeys to keep them in their designated seats, comfortable, safe and entertained.

[0003] Indeed, in many instances, the seats on planes, cars, buses and trains can be uncomfortable for children with the seats being sized for adults. For example, the seat is often too wide for a child and provides lumbar and shoulder support for an adult, not for a child. The seat is often too high off the ground, causing children’s legs to dangle. Consequently, the child is not appropriately supported by the seat and is uncomfortable.

[0004] Various travelling devices have been developed to adapt adult plane, bus and train seats to better fit children. However, the applicant has found that such devices never entirely address sizing and support issues and usually are time consuming to install and uninstall involving inflation and deflation, and may face restrictions from vehicle operators due to safety regulations, particularly in aviation during critical flight phases.

[0005] It will be clearly understood that, if a prior art publication is referred to herein, this reference does not constitute an admission that the publication forms part of the common general knowledge in the art in Australia or in any other country.SUMMARY OF INVENTION

[0006] Embodiments of the present invention provide an adapter and method of use thereof for adapting a seat to fit a child, which may at least partially address one or more of the problems or deficiencies mentioned above or which may provide the public with a useful or commercial choice.

[0007] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an adapter for adapting a seat on an airline, car, bus, ferry or train having a seat base, a backrest and optionally armrests located on each side of the seat to fit a child, said adapter including:a fabric body defining a base portion for seating atop the seat base and a back support portion extending from the base portion for resting against the backrest of the seat; a pair of shoulder foam pads extending longitudinally at least partially along opposed side edges of the back support portion; a pair of seat base side foam pads extending longitudinally at least partially along opposed side edges of the base portion; and a stretchable fabric canopy extending across and outwardly from an upper part of a rear surface of the back support portion to at least partially enclose the shoulder foam pads.

[0008] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a foldable adapter for adapting a seat on an airline, car, bus, ferry or train having a seat base, a backrest and optionally armrests located on each side of the seat for fitting a child, said adapter interchangeably foldable between an operable configuration and a folded stowage configuration, said adapter including: a fabric body defining a base portion configured to be seated atop the seat base of the rear and a back support portion configured to rest against the backrest of the seat; a pair of shoulder foam pads extending longitudinally at least partially along opposed side edges of the back support portion; a pair of seat base side foam pads extending longitudinally at least partially along opposed side edges of the base portion; a stretchable fabric canopy extending across and outwardly from an upper part of a rear surface of the back support portion to at least partially enclose the shoulder foam pads; and a pair of opposed fabric gussets extending on each side of the fabric body between a lower part of the back support portion and the seat base to at least partially secure the seat base side foam pads.

[0009] According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a foldable adapter for adapting a seat on an airline, car, bus, ferry or train having a seat base, a backrest and optionally armrests located on each side of the seat for fitting a child, said adapter configured to be interchangeable between an operable configuration and a folded stowage configuration, said adapter including: a fabric body defining a base portion configured to be seated atop the seat base of the seat and a back support portion configured to rest against the backrest of the seat, said base portion foldable against said back support portion when in the stowage configuration; a pair of shoulder foam pads extending longitudinally at least partially along opposed side edges of the back support portion, said pads foldable inwards and at least partially across the back support portion when in the stowage configuration;a pair of seat base side foam pads extending longitudinally at least partially along opposed side edges of the base portion, said foam pads foldable inwards and at least partially across the base portion when in the stowage configuration; and a stretchable fabric canopy extending across an upper part of a rear surface of the back support portion to an outer edge, wherein when in said operable configuration, said canopy is stretchable over an upper end, and secured at least partially across a front surface, of the back support portion to at least partially enclose the shoulder foam pads, and wherein when in said stowage configuration, said canopy is stretchable over an upper end, and secured at least partially across an underside of the base portion folded against the back support portion for securing the base portion thereagainst.

[0010] Advantageously, the present invention provides an adapter for adapting a seat to snugly fit a child. The shoulder foam pads and seat base side foam pads ensure the child feels snug in the adult sized seat. The adapter is readily fitted to a seat without needing attachment to the seat or any inflation. Instead, the adapter is readily folded between the operable configuration and a stowage configuration in which the adapter folds into a backpack for ease in transport, particularly through security checks. Lastly, the adapter does not contain any metal parts and therefore will not cause any delays at security checks. Rather, the adapter is primarily formed from fabric materials that are breathable, and readily washable.

[0011] As indicated above, the adapter of the present invention is for adapting a seat on an airline, car, bus, ferry or train to fit a child. It will therefore be convenient to describe the adapter and method of use thereof with reference to this example application. However, a person skilled in the art will appreciate that the adapter and method of use are in no way limited to this example application and are capable of broader applications to any scenario in which a more snugly fitting seat is desired. For example, the adapter may be used to adapt a seat on an airline, car, bus, ferry or train to fit an older child or adult.

[0012] The seat of the airline, car, bus, ferry or train may include a seat base top of which an occupant may sit, one or more legs extending downwardly from the seat base for supporting the seat base relative to a support surface, a backrest extending upwardly from the seat for support a back of the occupant and pair of armrests located on each side of the seat base.

[0013] As used herein, the term “fabric” may include any material made of interlacing fibres through a process of weaving, knitting, spreading, felting, stitching, crocheting or bonding. The fibres may include natural or synthetic fibres, or a combination thereof.

[0014] The fabric body may be of any suitable size and shape and may be formed from anysuitable fabric material or materials.

[0015] The fabric body may be defined by a pair of opposed surfaces interconnected by opposing edges.

[0016] The opposed surfaces may include an inner surface configured to face the seat and an opposed outer surface.

[0017] The opposing edges may include a front edge, an opposed rear edge and opposed side edges extending therebetween, typically longitudinally.

[0018] In some embodiments, the front edge may be configured for placement atop a front edge of the seat base.

[0019] In other embodiments, the front edge may be configured for placement in front of a front edge of the seat base such that the fabric body extends forward of the seat base.

[0020] The opposed rear edge may be configured for placement at least partially along a height of the backrest.

[0021] The fabric body may generally have a rectangular shape.

[0022] In some embodiments, the base portion and the back support portion may be delineated by a line extending at least partially between the opposed side edges. The line may be printed on the outer surface or may be a line of stitching or fabric.

[0023] The line may correspond to a fold line about which the base portion folds relative to the back support portion when in the folded stowage configuration.

[0024] The fabric body may be formed from a high-strength polyester fabric, typically a polyester mesh fabric to enable air circulation, preferably a quick drying polyester mesh fabric (e.g., CoolDry™ polyester).

[0025] As indicated, the adapter includes a pair of shoulder foam pads extending longitudinally at least partially along opposed side edges of the back support portion for supporting a shoulder of a child occupant, preferably the occupant’s head as well.

[0026] Each shoulder foam pad may be of any suitable size and shape and may be formed from any suitable foam material or materials, typically a high-density open cell foam, preferably a flame retardant open cell foam, such as, e.g., HG 39 / 170 foam.

[0027] Each shoulder foam pad may include an outer sidewall, an opposed inner sidewall,a rear edge, an opposed forward edge, an upper edge and an opposed lower edge.

[0028] The outer sidewall, the opposed inner sidewall, the rear edge and the opposed forward edge may extend longitudinally between the upper edge and the opposed lower edge.

[0029] Each shoulder foam pad may include rounded corners extending between adjacent edges. Likewise, each shoulder foam pad may include rounded or chamfered edges between the edges and adjacent sidewalls.

[0030] Each shoulder foam pad may extend at least partially along a side edge of the back support portion, preferably entirely along.

[0031] In some embodiments, each shoulder foam pad may extend outwardly a constant distance from the side edge of the back support portion.

[0032] In other embodiments, the forward edge of each shoulder foam pad may define a gradient extending along the side edge of the back support portion. The forward edge may extend in a linear or curvilinear direction along each side edge. Typically, the forward edge of each shoulder foam pad may taper relative to the back support portion, preferably from upper edge to the lower edge, more preferably in a substantially linear direction.

[0033] Each shoulder foam pad may be of any suitable height as defined between the upper and lower edges. For example, each shoulder foam pad may have a height of between 400mm, and 500mm, preferably about 450mm.

[0034] Likewise, each shoulder foam pad may have a width as defined between the rear and forward edges, of between 10mm and about 150mm.

[0035] In preferred embodiments, each shoulder foam pad may have a width of about 150mm at or near the upper edge and may gradually taper to a point in linear direction at or near the lower edge.

[0036] Each shoulder foam pad may be of any suitable thickness as defined between the opposed sidewalls. For example, each shoulder foam pad may have a thickness of between 50mm, and 80mm, preferably about 50mm.

[0037] Each shoulder foam pad may be of unitary or separate construction with the fabric body.

[0038] Each shoulder foam pad may be connectable to the outer side edges of the back support portion of the fabric body in any suitable way, preferably releasably so that the foampads may be removed when washing the adapter, or removed altogether to accommodate a larger child, for a wider seating area.

[0039] In some embodiments, each shoulder foam pad may be connected to the outer side edges of the back support portion of the fabric body by a connecting mechanism or part thereof. The connecting mechanism or parts thereof may or may not be of integral formation with the back support portion and each shoulder foam pad.

[0040] In yet other embodiments, each shoulder foam pad may be at least partially enclosed within a fabric cover fastened to, or integrally formed with the outer side edge of the back support portion of the fabric body.

[0041] The fabric cover may extend longitudinally along each side edge of the back support portion of the fabric body.

[0042] The fabric cover may preferably be formed from the same material as the fabric body.

[0043] In some such embodiment, the fabric cover may include an access port for accessing the shoulder foam pad, for example for removing the shoulder foam pad when washing the adapter. The access port may include a releasable fastener for fastening the access port closed. The releasable fastener may include one or more clasps or buttons, a hook-and-loop type fastener or zipper for example.

[0044] The access port of each fabric cover may preferably be located along the inside rear edge so as not to impair the aesthetic appearance of the adapter or be readily visible.

[0045] As indicated, generally each shoulder foam pad may be connected or fastened to the outer side edge of the back support portion of the fabric body such that it may be foldable inwards relative to the back support portion when in the stowage configuration.

[0046] As indicated, the adapter includes a pair of seat base side foam pads extending longitudinally at least partially along the opposed side edges of the base portion of the fabric body, preferably entirely along.

[0047] Each seat base side foam pad may be of any suitable size and shape configured to abut against an inner surface of the armrests of the seat, if present, and advantageously adapt the seat base to snugly accommodate a child occupant.

[0048] Each seat base side foam pad may be formed from any suitable material or materials, typically a high-density open cell foam.

[0049] Each seat base side foam pad may include an outer sidewall, an opposed inner side wall, an upper edge, an opposed lower edge, a rear edge and an opposed forward edge.

[0050] Each seat base side foam pad may have a substantially rectangular shape.

[0051] Each seat base side foam pad may include a rounded corner at least between the upper edge and the forward edge. Likewise, each seat base side foam pad may include rounded or chamfered edges between the edges and adjacent sidewalls.

[0052] The seat base side foam pads may extend upwardly from the opposed side edges of the seat base a constant and uniform height. The upper edge of each seat base side foam pad may extend in a linear direction, preferably parallel with the armrests.

[0053] Each seat base side foam pad may be of any suitable height as defined between the upper and lower edges. For example, each foam pad may have a height of between 150mm, and 180mm, typically 160mm.

[0054] Likewise, each seat base side foam pad may have a length as defined between the forward and rear edges. For example, the pad may have a length of between 250mm and 400mm, typically 350mm.

[0055] Lastly, and like the shoulder foam pads, each seat base side foam pad may have a thickness as defined between the opposed sidewalls of between 50mm, and 100mm, preferably about 50mm.

[0056] Each seat base side foam pad may be of unitary or separate construction with the fabric body.

[0057] Each seat base side foam pad may be connectable to the outer side edge of the base portion in any suitable way, preferably releasably so that the foam pads may be removed when washing the adapter, or removed altogether to accommodate older children, for a wider seating area.

[0058] In some embodiments, each seat base side foam pad may be connectable to the outer side edge of the base portion of the fabric body by a connecting mechanism or part thereof as hereinbefore described.

[0059] In other embodiments, each seat base side foam pad may be releasably connectable to a side edge of the seat base portion by a zipper fastening system. The side edge and the lower edge may include at least one row of teeth and a slider for intermeshing the teeth togetherand connecting the seat base side foam pad to the seat base portion of the fabric body.

[0060] In yet other embodiments, each seat base side foam pad may be at least partially enclosed within a fabric cover fastened to, or integrally formed with, the side edges of the seat base portion of the fabric body.

[0061] The fabric cover may extend longitudinally along each side edge of the base portion of the fabric body.

[0062] The fabric cover may preferably be formed from the same material as the fabric body.

[0063] Like with the shoulder foam pads, the fabric over may include an access port for accessing the seat base side foam pad, for example for removing the foam pad when washing the adapter. The access port may include a releasable fastener for fastening the access port closed. The releasable fastener may include one or more clasps or buttons, a hook-and-loop type fastener or a zipper for example.

[0064] As indicated, generally each seat base side foam pad may be connected or fastened to the outer side edge of the base portion of the fabric body such that it may be foldable inwards and at least partially across the seat base portion when in the stowage configuration.

[0065] As indicated, the adapter includes a stretchable fabric canopy extending across and outwardly from an upper part of the rear surface of the back support portion of the fabric body to at least partially enclose the shoulder foam pads, when in the operable configuration.

[0066] The fabric canopy may be of any suitable size and shape and may be formed from any suitable material or materials.

[0067] The fabric canopy may be defined by a pair opposed surfaces interconnected by opposing edges and may include an inner surface and an opposed outer surface. The opposing edges may include a front edge, an opposed rear edge and opposed side edges extending between the front and rear edges.

[0068] The fabric canopy may be formed from a high-strength polyamide fabric, typically a polyamide and elastane fabric, preferably 85% polyamide and 15% elastane fabric.

[0069] The fabric canopy may be of unitary or separate construction with the fabric body, in any suitable way.

[0070] Typically, the rear edge of the fabric canopy may be stitched or bonded across an upper part of a rear surface of the back support portion of the fabric body and the adjacentportions of the side edges of the canopy may be stitched along an upper part of the side edges of back support portion of the fabric body, typically from the rear edge at least partially towards the front edge.

[0071] As indicated, the fabric canopy is configured to be stretchable over the upper end of the adapter to at least partially enclose the shoulder foam pads when in the operable configuration. Advantageously, in such a configuration, the shoulder foam pads may assist in extending the canopy forward and shielding a child occupant from light exposure thereby facilitating sleep.

[0072] Likewise, the fabric canopy when not used as a privacy hood may be stretchable over the seat’s headrest to provide a hygienic cover against germs and stabilise the adapter’s position, or stowed behind the back base portion of the adapter.

[0073] The fabric canopy is configured to be stretchable over the upper end of the adapter and at least partially about the base portion when folded against the back support portion and in the stowage configuration. In such configurations, the fabric canopy may at least partially assist to retain the adapter in the stowage configuration.

[0074] Generally, the fabric canopy may further include a retaining mechanism operatively associated with the front edge for retaining the canopy stretched over the adapter when in the operable and / or stowage configurations. Any suitable retaining mechanism may be used.

[0075] In other embodiments, the retaining mechanism may include a cord extending at least partially across the front edge of the canopy and having a pair of hooks, clips, clamps or clasps connected near each end of the cord and configured to be stretched and hooked, clipped, clamped or clasped to an outer surface of an adjacent said shoulder foam pad for retaining the canopy in place when in operable and / or stowage configuration.

[0076] As indicated, in some embodiments, the adapter includes a pair of opposed fabric gussets extending on each side of the fabric body between a lower part of the back support portion and the base portion, preferably between a lower part of the shoulder foam pads and adjacent said seat base side foam pads.

[0077] Each fabric gusset will include an opening of approximately 50mm to 80mm, between the folded back support portion and the base portion for receiving parts of a lap seat belt therethrough for fastening the occupant.

[0078] Each fabric gusset may be formed from any stretchable fabric material or materials to accommodate stretch when the back support portion is reclined relative to the base portion,such as, e.g., when the backrest of the seat is reclined and for compatibility across vehicle types.

[0079] In some embodiments, the adapter may further include a foot rest configured to extend forward and be suspended over a front edge of the seat of the airline, car, bus, ferry or train.

[0080] The foot rest may be of any suitable size, shape and construction and may be formed from any suitable fabric material or materials.

[0081] The foot rest may in part be defined by the fabric body and in part by opposed fabric gussets. Advantageously, the opposed fabric gussets may enhance a load capacity of the foot rest.

[0082] In such embodiments, the fabric body may further include a vertical portion extending orthogonally downward relative to the base portion and a foot rest portion extending orthogonally forward relative to the vertical portion.

[0083] The vertical portion may extend forward from the front edge of the fabric body and may be configured to be suspended over the front edge of the seat base of the seat of the airline, car, bus, ferry or train.

[0084] The foot rest portion may extend orthogonally forward of the vertical portion in a substantially horizontal orientation for receiving the occupant’s feet atop the foot rest portion. The foot rest portion may be suspended over the front edge of the seat in a substantially horizontal orientation by the interconnecting vertical portion.

[0085] In preferred embodiments, the foot rest may further include a pair of opposed fabric gussets extending from a forward edge of an adjacent seat base side foam pad, along a side edge of the vertical portion and the foot rest portion to a front edge of the foot rest portion, preferably entirely along the front edge of the foot rest portion to define a partially enclosed foot rest portion.

[0086] The partially enclosed foot rest portion may include side walls and a front wall defined by the opposed fabric gussets and a rear wall defined by the vertical portion of the fabric body.

[0087] The vertical portion, the foot rest portion and the opposed fabric gussets may preferably be formed from a high-strength polyamide fabric, typically a polyamide and elastane fabric, preferably 85% polyamide and 15% elastane fabric.

[0088] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a foldableadapter for adapting a seat on an airline, car, bus, ferry or train having a seat base, a backrest and optionally armrests located on each side of the seat to fit a child, said adapter including: a fabric body defining a base portion for seating atop the seat base, a back support portion extending rearwardly from the base portion for rest against the backrest of the seat, a vertical portion extending forward of the base portion down a front of the seat and a foot rest portion extending orthogonally forward relative to the vertical portion; a pair of shoulder foam pads extending longitudinally at least partially along opposed side edges of the back support portion; a pair of seat base side foam pads extending longitudinally at least partially along opposed side edges of the base portion; a stretchable fabric canopy extending across and outwardly from an upper part of a rear surface of the back support portion to at least partially enclose the shoulder foam pads; and a pair of opposed fabric gussets extending forward from the pair of seat base side foam pads and alongside the vertical and foot rest portions of the fabric body for securing the foot rest portion relative to the vertical portion and defining a footrest together with the vertical and foot rest portions of the fabric body.

[0089] The adapter may include one or more of the characteristics of the adapters according to any one of the first to third aspects as hereinbefore described.

[0090] In some embodiments, the foot rest may further include a foot rest foam pad configured to rest atop the foot rest portion, preferably within the partially enclosed foot rest portion, to provide leg support and reduce fatigue.

[0091] The foot rest foam pad may be of any suitable size and shape and may be formed from any suitable foam material or materials, typically a high-density open cell foam, preferably a flame retardant open cell foam, such as, e.g., HG 39 / 170 foam.

[0092] The foot rest foam pad may have a generally rectangular shape defined by a top wall, an opposed bottom wall, a pair of opposed end walls and a pair of opposed sidewalls extending longitudinally between the opposed end walls.

[0093] The foot rest foam pad may have a thickness as defined between the top wall and opposed bottom wall of between 30mm, and 100mm, preferably about 50mm.

[0094] The foot rest foam pad may have a length as defined between the oppose end walls of between 300mm, and 400mm, preferably about 350mm.

[0095] The foot rest foam pad may have a width as defined between the opposed sidewallsof between 200mm, and 300mm, preferably about 230mm.

[0096] The foot rest foam pad may be unitary or separate construction with the fabric body.

[0097] In some embodiments, the foot rest foam pad may be connectable to an upper surface of the foot rest portion of the fabric body. The foot rest foam pad may be connectable in any suitable way.

[0098] In other embodiments, the foot rest foam pad may be releasably connectable by a zipper fastening system.

[0099] In yet other embodiments, the foot rest foam pad may be at least partially enclosed within a fabric cover fastened to, or integrally formed with, the foot rest portion of the fabric body.

[0100] The fabric cover may be sized and shaped to at least partially enclose the foot rest foam pad, preferably entirely enclose and may preferably be formed from the same material as the fabric body.

[0101] The fabric cover may include an access port for accessing the foot rest foam pad, for example, for removing the foam pad when washing the adapter. The access port may include a releasable fastener for fastening the access port closed. The releasable fastener may include one or more clasps or buttons, a hook-and-loop type fastener or a zipper for example.

[0102] In preferred embodiments, the adapter may further include an adjustable fastener system attached to the base portion and the footrest portion, configured to secure the footrest in a horizontal orientation, comprising releasable fasteners such as clasps or hook-and-loop fasteners for example.

[0103] When the footrest is secured in the horizontal orientation, it enables a child occupant to extend their legs horizontally, thereby improving comfort and adaptability during use

[0104] In preferred embodiments, the adapter may further include a pair of adjustable backpack straps extending from, or fastened to, a rear surface of the backrest portion of the fabric body for carrying the adapter when folded in the stowage configuration.

[0105] The straps may preferably further include a chest strap for strapping the backpack straps across the chest of a person when carrying the adapter, or used to secure backpack on luggage handle in the stowage configuration.

[0106] In some embodiments, the base and back support portions of the fabric body may be padded.

[0107] The respective foam pads may be of any suitable size and shape and may be formed from any suitable foam material or materials, typically a cushioned open cell foam.

[0108] The respective foam pads may be of any suitable thickness to provide comfort to the occupant. For example, the respective foam pads may have a thickness of between 5mm, and 20mm, preferably about 10mm.

[0109] Each respective foam pad may be unitary or separate construction with the fabric body, preferably the former.

[0110] In preferred such embodiments, the base portion foam pad and the back support portion foam pad may be sandwiched between layers of fabric forming the fabric body, preferably between the layers defining the opposed surfaces of the fabric body.

[0111] In some embodiments, the adapter may further include one or more storage compartments for the storing of miscellaneous items, such as, e.g, books and electronic devices.

[0112] For example, in such embodiments, each of the seat base side foam pads may include a longitudinal slot extending at least partially along a length of the foam pad, preferably centrally located. The longitudinal slot may be of any suitable length, width and depth.

[0113] The pocket liner portion may be fabricated from the same fabric as the fabric cover or may be different. If different, the pocket liner portion may be formed from durable, reinforced fabric material or materials, such as, e.g., a ripstop polyester material or materials.

[0114] In other such embodiments, the adapter may further include a drink bottle holder mounted to an end of one or both seat base side foam pads, and may be of any suitable size, shape and form.

[0115] In some such embodiments, the drink bottle holder may be a fabric sock with a draw string opening. The fabric sock may be connected to a forward end edge of the seat base side foam pad, preferably at or near the upper end edge.

[0116] According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of unfolding an adapter according to any one of the first to fourth aspects from a folded stowage configuration to an operable configuration and fitting the adapter to a seat on an airline, car, bus, ferry or train having a seat base, a backrest and optionally armrests located on each side of the seat, said method including: releasing and freeing the canopy from over and about the base portion folded against the back support portion;unfolding the base portion relative to the back support portion; fitting the base portion atop the seat base of the seat and the back support portion against the backrest of the seat; unfolding the pair of shoulder foam pads outwards relative to the back rest portion and the pair of seat base side foam pads outwards relative to the seat base; and stretching the canopy over and about the upper end of the back support portion to at least partially enclose the shoulder foam pads.

[0117] The releasing and freeing the canopy may initially include releasing the clip in the retaining mechanism and releasing the front edge of the canopy from about the folded seat base portion and pushing it back atop at least the upper end of the adapter.

[0118] In some embodiments, the unfolding the base portion relative to the back support portion may further include unfolding the foot rest and vertical portions relative to the base portion.

[0119] In some embodiments, the fitting may further include fitting the vertical portion such that it extends over a front edge of the seat base of the seat and the foot rest portion is suspended in a substantially horizontal orientation.

[0120] According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of folding an adapter according to any one of the first to fourth aspects from an operable configuration to a folded stowage configuration, said method including: releasing and freeing the canopy from over and about the upper end of the back support portion; folding the pair of shoulder foam pads inwards relative to the back support portion and the pair of seat base side foam pads inwards relative to the base portion; folding the base portion relative to and against the back support portion; and stretching the canopy over and about the upper end of the back support portion and the base portion folded thereagainst to at least partially enclose and secure the base portion against the back support portion and the adapter in the folded stowage configuration.

[0121] In some embodiments, the method may include an interim step after folding the shoulder foam pads of folding the foot rest portion relative to the vertical portion and the vertical and folded foot rest portion relative to the base portion.

[0122] The stretching may further include stretching the front edge of the canopy over and about the base portion folded against the back support portion.

[0123] The method may include a final step of increasing the tension in the retaining mechanism to retain the base portion folded against the back support portion.

[0124] Any of the features described herein can be combined in any combination with any one or more of the other features described herein within the scope of the invention.

[0125] The reference to any prior art in this specification is not and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that the prior art forms part of the common general knowledge.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0126] Preferred features, embodiments and variations of the invention may be discerned from the following Detailed Description which provides sufficient information for those skilled in the art to perform the invention. The Detailed Description is not to be regarded as limiting the scope of the preceding Summary of Invention in any way. The Detailed Description will make reference to a number of drawings as follows:

[0127] Figure 1 is a perspective view showing an adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention in an operable configuration;

[0128] Figure 2 is a side view showing the adapter of Figure 1 in the stowage configuration;

[0129] Figure 3 is a side view showing the adapter of Figure 1 ;

[0130] Figure 4 is front view showing the adapter of Figures 1 and 3;

[0131] Figure 5 is front view showing the adapter of Figure 2;

[0132] Figure 6 is a rear view showing the adapter of Figures 2, 5 and 6; and

[0133] Figures 7A-7D respective show the adapter as shown in Figure 1 in the operable configuration transitioning to the adapter as shown in Figure 2 in the stowage configuration.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0134] Figures 1 to 6 and 7A to 7D show a foldable adapter (100) for adapting a seat on an airline, car, bus, ferry or train for fitting a child according to an embodiment of the present invention. The adapter (100) is interchangeably foldable between an operable configuration shown in Figure 1 and a folded stowage configuration shown in Figure 2.

[0135] Referring to Figure 1 , the foldable adapter (100) includes: a fabric body (110)defining a base portion (120) for seating atop a seat base of the seat, a back support portion (130) extending rearwardly from the base portion (120) for rest against a backrest of the seat, a vertical portion (140) extending forward of the base portion (120) down a front of the seat and a foot rest portion (150) extending orthogonally forward relative to the vertical portion (140); a pair of shoulder foam pads (160) extending longitudinally at least partially along opposed side edges of the back support portion (130); a pair of seat base side foam pads (170) extending longitudinally at least partially along opposed side edges of the base portion (120); a stretchable fabric canopy (180) extending across and outwardly from an upper part of a rear surface of the back support portion (130) to at least partially enclose the shoulder foam pads (160); and a pair of opposed fabric gussets (190) extending forward from the pair of seat base side foam pads (170) and alongside the vertical and foot rest portions (140, 150) of the fabric body (110) for securing the foot rest portion (150) relative to the vertical portion (140) and defining a footrest (200) together with the vertical and foot rest portions (140, 150) of the fabric body (110).

[0136] The fabric body (110) is defined by a pair of opposed surfaces interconnected by opposing edges.

[0137] The opposed surfaces include an inner surface (112) configured to face the seat and an opposed outer surface (114).

[0138] The opposing edges include a front edge (116), an opposed rear edge (118) and opposed side edges (119) extending longitudinally therebetween.

[0139] The front edge (116) is configured for placement in front of the seat base of the seat such that the fabric body (110) extends forward of the seat base.

[0140] The opposed rear edge (118) is configured for placement at least partially along a height of the backrest of the seat.

[0141] The fabric body (110) generally has a rectangular shape and at least the base portion (120) and the back support portion (130) are padded, incorporating 10mm thick high-density open cell foam between the layers of fabric defining the outer and inner surfaces (112, 114).

[0142] Referring to Figure 3, the shoulder foam pads (160) extend longitudinally at least partially along opposed side edges (119) of the back support portion (130) for supporting a shoulder of the occupant.

[0143] Each shoulder foam pad (160) is formed from a high-density open cell foam.

[0144] Each shoulder foam pad (160) includes an outer sidewall (162), an opposed innersidewall (164), a rear edge (165), an opposed forward edge (166), an upper edge (167) and an opposed lower edge (168).

[0145] The outer sidewall (162), the opposed inner sidewall (164), the rear edge (165) and the opposed forward edge (166) extend longitudinally between the upper edge (167) and the opposed lower edge (168).

[0146] Each shoulder foam pad (160) includes rounded corners extending between adjacent edges. Likewise, each shoulder foam pad (160) includes rounded or chamfered edges between the edges and adjacent sidewalls.

[0147] The forward edge (166) of each shoulder foam pad (160) defines a gradient extending along the side edge (119) of the back support portion (130).

[0148] The forward edge (166) tapers relative to the back support portion (130) from the upper edge (167) to the lower edge (168) in a substantially linear direction.

[0149] Each shoulder foam pad (160) has a height as defined between the upper and lower edges (167, 168) of about 440mm; a width as defined between the rear and forward edges (165, 166) at or near the upper edge (167) of about 150mm tapering to a point at the lower edge (168); and a thickness as defined between the opposed sidewalls (162, 164) of about 50mm.

[0150] Each shoulder foam pad (160) is enclosed within a fabric cover (169) extending longitudinally along each side edge (119) of the back support portion (130) of the fabric body (110). The fabric cover (169) is formed from the same material as the fabric body (110).

[0151] Each shoulder foam pad (160) is connected to the fabric body (110) via the fabric cover (169) such that it foldable inwards relative to the back support portion (130) when in, or transitioning to, the stowage configuration.

[0152] Referring back to Figure 1 , the pair of seat base side foam pads (170) extend longitudinally along the opposed side edges (119) of the base portion (120) of the fabric body (110).

[0153] Each seat base side foam pad (170) is configured to abut against an inner surface of an armrests of the seat, if present, and advantageously adapt the seat base to snugly accommodate the occupant.

[0154] Each seat base side foam pad (170) is formed from a high-density open cell foam.

[0155] Each seat base side foam pad (170) is substantially rectangular shape and includesan outer sidewall (172), an opposed inner side wall (174), an upper edge (175), an opposed lower edge (176), a rear edge (177) and an opposed forward edge (178).

[0156] As shown, the seat base side foam pads (170) extend upwardly from the opposed side edges (119) of the base portion (120) a constant and uniform height and the upper edge (175) of each pad (170) extends in a linear direction.

[0157] Each seat base side foam pad (170) has a height as defined between the upper and lower edges (175, 176) of about 160mm; a length as defined between the forward and rear edges (178, 177) of about 350mm; and a thickness as defined between the opposed sidewalls (172, 174) of about 50mm.

[0158] Like with the shoulder foam pads (160), each seat base side foam pad (170) is enclosed within a fabric cover (179) extending longitudinally along each side edge (119) of the base portion (120) of the fabric body (110) and is formed from the same material as the fabric body (110).

[0159] Each seat base side foam pad (170) is connected to the fabric body (110) via the fabric cover (179) such that it foldable inwards relative to the base portion (120) when in, or transitioning to, the stowage configuration.

[0160] As indicated, the stretchable fabric canopy (180) extends across and outwardly from an upper part of the rear surface (114) of the back support portion (130) of the fabric body (110) to partially enclose the shoulder foam pads (160) when in the operable configuration.

[0161] The fabric canopy (180) is defined by a pair opposed surfaces interconnected by opposing edges. The opposed surfaces include an inner surface and an opposed outer surface. The opposing edges may include a front edge (182), an opposed rear edge (184) and opposed side edges (186) extending between the front and rear edges (182, 184).

[0162] The fabric canopy (180) is formed from a polyamide and elastane fabric (85% polyamide and 15% elastane).

[0163] The rear edge (184) of the fabric canopy (180) is stitched to the rear surface (114) of the back support portion (130).

[0164] As shown, the fabric canopy (180) is stretchable over the upper end of the adapter (100) to at partially enclose the shoulder foam pads (160) when in the operable configuration as shown. Advantageously, in such a configuration, the shoulder foam pads (160) assist in extending the canopy (180) forward for shielding a child occupant from light exposure andproviding comfortable sleeping environment.

[0165] Likewise, and as shown in Figure 2, the fabric canopy (180) is stretchable over the upper end of the adapter (100) and about the base portion (120) when folded against the back support portion (130) and in the stowage configuration. In such a configuration, the fabric canopy (180) at least partially assists to retain the adapter (100) in the stowage configuration.

[0166] Referring to Figure 4, the fabric canopy (180) further includes a retaining mechanism operatively associated with the front edge (182) for retaining the canopy (180) stretched over the adapter (100) when in the operable and / or stowage configurations.

[0167] As shown, the retaining mechanism includes an elastic cord (410) extending partially across a central portion of the front edge (182) of the canopy (180). The cord (410) is fastened at each end to the front edge (182) and threaded through a central keeper (412) thereby defining two operable loops (414) defined to each side of the keeper (412).

[0168] Each operable loop (414) includes a clip (416) for clipping to a corresponding portion on the outer sidewall (162) of an adjacent shoulder foam pad (160). Each operable loop (414) is stretched and clipped to the corresponding portion to retain the canopy in place when in the operable configuration.

[0169] The retaining mechanism further includes a cord lock (418) threaded over a part of the cord (410) threaded through the central keeper (412) thereby enabling a user to adjust a tension of the cord (410).

[0170] Referring briefly to Figure 5, when in the stowage configuration, the cord lock (418) is solely used to adjust the tension of the cord (410) and tighten the canopy (180) about the base portion (120) when folded against the back support portion (130).

[0171] Referring to Figure 3, opposed fabric gussets (310) extending on each side of the fabric body (110) between a lower part of the back support portion (130) and an adjacent said seat base side foam pad (170).

[0172] Each fabric gusset (310) is formed from a polyamide and elastane fabric (85% polyamide and 15% elastane) to accommodate stretch when the back support portion (130) is reclined relative to the base portion (120), such as, e.g., when the backrest of the seat is reclined.

[0173] As mentioned, the foot rest (200) is formed in part by the fabric body (110) and in part by a pair of opposed fabric gussets (190).

[0174] The vertical portion (140) of the fabric body (110) is configured to be suspended over a front edge of the seat base of the seat and the foot rest portion (150) extends orthogonally forward of the vertical portion (140) in a substantially horizontal orientation for receiving the occupant’s feet atop the foot rest portion (150).

[0175] The foot rest portion (150) is be suspended over the front edge of the seat in a substantially horizontal orientation by the interconnecting vertical portion (140).

[0176] Each of the pair of opposed fabric gussets (190) extend from a forward edge (178) of an adjacent seat base side foam pad (170), along a side edge (119) of the vertical portion (140) and the foot rest portion (150) and about a front edge (116) of the foot rest portion (150) to define a partially enclosed foot rest portion (150).

[0177] The partially enclosed foot rest portion (150) includes side walls (152) and a front wall (154) defined by the opposed fabric gussets (190) and a rear wall (156) defined by the vertical portion (140) of the fabric body (110).

[0178] The vertical portion (140), the foot rest portion (150) and the opposed fabric gussets (190) are formed from a high-strength polyamide and elastane fabric (85% polyamide and 15% elastane).

[0179] Referring to Figure 4, the foot rest (200) further includes a foot rest foam pad (210) configured to rest atop and within the partially enclosed foot rest portion (150). The foam pad will have a length and width as defined between the opposing walls of approximately 350mm and 230mm respectively.

[0180] The foot rest foam pad (210) is formed from a high-density open cell foam and has a thickness of about 50mm.

[0181] The foot rest foam pad (210) has a rectangular shape sized and shaped to be snugly received in the partially enclosed foot rest portion (150).

[0182] Like the shoulder foam pads (160) and the seat base side foam pads (170), the foot rest foam pad (210) is enclosed within a fabric case (219) fastened to, or integrally formed with, the foot rest portion (150) of the fabric body (110).

[0183] The fabric cover (219) is formed from the same material as the fabric body (110).

[0184] Referring to Figure 6, the adapter (100) further includes a pair of adjustable backpack straps (610) fastened to a rear surface (114) of the backrest portion (130) of the fabric body(110) for carrying the adapter (100) when folded in the stowage configuration.

[0185] The straps (610) further include a chest strap (612) for strapping the backpack straps (610) across the chest of a person when carrying the adapter (100), or used to secure backpack on luggage handle in the stowage configuration.

[0186] Referring to Figure 3, the adapter (100) further includes one or more storage compartments for the storing of miscellaneous items, such as, e.g., books and portable electronic devices.

[0187] For example, the adapter (100) further includes a pocket (320) defined in each seat base side foam pad (170).

[0188] The fabric cover (179) enclosing each seat base side foam pad (170) includes a pocket liner portion configured to line the pocket (320). The pocket liner is formed from a durable, reinforced fabric, such as, e.g., a ripstop polyester material or materials.

[0189] As shown, the adapter also includes drink bottle holder (330) mounted to an end of a seat base side foam pad (170).

[0190] The drink bottle holder (330) includes a fabric sock (332) with a draw string opening (334). The drink bottle holder (330) is releasably connected to the forward edge (178) of the seat base side foam pad (170) with a clip.

[0191] The adapter (100) further includes a mesh pocket (340) fastened to the inner surface of each of the fabric gussets (190) forming the foot rest (200).

[0192] A method of folding the adapter (100) from the operable configuration to the stowage configuration will now be described in detail with reference to Figures 7A to 7D.

[0193] Referring to Figure 7A, the adapter (100) is folded to the stowage configuration by first releasing and freeing the canopy (180).

[0194] Referring to Figure 7B, the retaining mechanism of the canopy (180) is released, and the canopy (180) is pulled clear from the shoulder foam pads (160).

[0195] Once clear, the shoulder foam pads (160), and seat base side foam pads (170) can each respectively be folded inwards at least partially across the back support portion (130) and the base portion (120) of the fabric body.

[0196] Further, the foot rest portion (150) can be folded relative to and against the verticalportion (140).

[0197] Referring to Figure 7C, with the seat base side foam pads (170) folded against the base portion (120), the vertical portion (140) together with the foot rest portion (150) can be folded relative to the base portion (120) such that the folded seat base side foam pads (170) are sandwiched therebetween.

[0198] Referring to Figure 7D, the base portion (120) is then folded against the back support portion and the canopy (180) is stretched over and about the upper end of the back support portion (130) and the base portion (120) folded thereagainst to partially enclose and secure the base portion (120) against the back support portion (130) and the adapter (100) in the folded stowage configuration. The adjustable fastener (418) is locked into position and tightened.

[0199] A method of unfolding the adapter (100) from the stowage configuration to the operable configuration will now be described in detail with reference to Figures 7A to 7D.

[0200] Starting at Figure 7D, the adjustable fastening system is released and the canopy (180) is freed from over and about the base portion (120) folded against the back support portion (130).

[0201] Referring to Figure 7C, the base portion (120) is then unfolded relative to the back support portion (130) and the vertical portion (140) together with the foot rest portion (150) is then unfolded relative to the base portion (120).

[0202] Referring to Figure 7B, the shoulder foam pads (160), and seat side foam pads (170) are unfolded outwards relative to the back support portion (130) and base portion (120) respectively.

[0203] Further, the foot rest portion (150) is unfolded relative to the vertical portion (140).

[0204] Referring to Figure 7A, the canopy (180) is stretched forward over and partially about the unfolded shoulder foam pads (160), if privacy hood is desired. Likewise, the fabric canopy when not used as a privacy hood may be stretchable over the seat’s headrest to provide a hygienic cover against germs and stabilise the adapter’s position, or stowed behind the back base portion of the adapter.

[0205] Finally, if tension on the canopy is desired, the clips (416) of the retaining mechanism are clipped to corresponding portions on the respective outer sidewalls (162) of adjacent shoulder foam pads (160) to retain the canopy (180) in the operable configuration.

[0206] In the present specification and claims (if any), the word ‘comprising’ and its derivatives including ‘comprises’ and ‘comprise’ include each of the stated integers but does not exclude the inclusion of one or more further integers.

[0207] Reference throughout this specification to ‘one embodiment’ or ‘an embodiment’ means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the appearance of the phrases ‘in one embodiment’ or ‘in an embodiment’ in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more combinations.

[0208] In compliance with the statute, the invention has been described in language more or less specific to structural or methodical features. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to specific features shown or described since the means herein described comprises preferred forms of putting the invention into effect. The invention is, therefore, claimed in any of its forms or modifications within the proper scope of the appended claims (if any) appropriately interpreted by those skilled in the art.

Claims

AMENDED CLAIMS received by the International Bureau on 27 October 2025 (27.10.2025)CLAIMS1 . A foldable adapter for adapting a seat on an airline, car, bus, ferry or train having a seat base, a backrest and optionally armrests located on each side of the seat to fit a child, said adapter foldable between an operable configuration and a backpack configuration, said adapter including: a fabric body defining a base portion for seating atop the seat base and a back support portion extending from the base portion for resting against the backrest of the seat, a vertical portion extending forward of the base portion down a front of the seat and a footrest portion extending orthogonally forward relative to the vertical portion, wherein the footrest portion folds up to create a flat surface allowing small children to stretch out and rest peacefully, ensuring a relaxed journey by assisting children from getting their feet off the floor and solving the problem of children being uncomfortable with feet dangling; a pair of shoulder foam pads extending longitudinally at least partially along opposed side edges of the back support portion, said pads foldable inwards and at least partially across the back support portion when in the backpack configuration; a pair of seat base side foam pads extending longitudinally at least partially along opposed side edges of the base portion, said foam pads foldable inwards and at least partially across the base portion when in the backpack configuration; a stretchable fabric canopy extending across an upper part of a rear surface of the back support portion to an outer edge, wherein when in said operable configuration, said canopy is stretchable over an upper end, and secured at least partially across a front surface, of the back support portion to at least partially enclose the shoulder foam pads forming a privacy hood to reduce light and noise, and wherein when in said backpack configuration, said canopy is stretchable over an upper end, and secured at least partially across an underside of the base portion folded against the back support portion to secure the backpack configuration in place; and adjustable backpack straps attached to the back support portion’s rear surface, the backpack straps including a fastening system configured to secure the adapter in the backpack configuration, enabling it to be carried as a backpack, with an optional chest strap for stability.

2. The adapter of claim 1 , wherein the fabric body is constructed from breathable, washable polyester mesh, providing a hygienic barrier against seat surfaces to enhance child comfort and safety, wherein all fabrics are breathable and washable, and the adapter lacks metal parts, facilitating airport security checks and maintaining hygiene.

3. The adapter of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a pair of opposed fabric gussets extending on each side of the fabric body between a lower part of the back support portion and the seat base to at least partially secure the seat base side foam pads and adjust to varying seat heights, said gussets positioned to allow a lap seat belt to pass through.

4. The adapter of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the shoulder foam pads and seat base side foam pads are releasably connected to the fabric body and removable to widen the seating area for older children or small adults, improving adjustability.

5. The adapter of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein each shoulder foam pad has a height as defined between the upper and lower edges of about 450mm; a width as defined between the rear and forward edges at or near the upper edge of about 150mm tapering to a point at the lower edge; and a thickness as defined between the opposed sidewalls of about 50mm, and wherein each seat base side foam pad has a height as defined between the upper and lower edges of about 160mm; a length as defined between the forward and rear edges of about 350mm; and a thickness as defined between the opposed sidewalls of about 50mm.

6. The adapter of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the canopy, when not used as a privacy hood may be stretchable over the seat’s headrest to provide a hygienic cover against germs and stabilize the adapter’s position.

7. The adapter of any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a pair of opposed fabric gussets extending from the pair of seat base side foam pads alongside the vertical and footrest portions to secure the footrest portion, defining a footrest, further comprising a footrest foam pad, approximately 50mm thick, 350mm long, and 230mm wide, releasably connected to the footrest portion for added cushioning, with a fabric cover including an access port for hygiene.

8. The adapter of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the fabric body includes slots for receiving lap seat belts to securely fasten a child, aligning with standard safety configurations, further comprising multiple pockets in the seat base side foam pads, lined with durable ripstop polyester, for storing toys and essentials, facilitating easy access during travel.

9. A method of unfolding an adapter according to claim 1 from a backpack configuration to an operable configuration and fitting the adapter to a seat on an airline, car, bus, ferry or train having a seat base, a backrest and optionally armrests located on each side of the seat, said method including: disengaging the fastening system of the backpack straps; releasing and freeing the canopy from over and about the base portion folded against the back support portion; unfolding the base portion relative to the back support portion, thereby allowing the shoulder foam pads and seat base side foam pads to deploy to their operable positions; unfolding the footrest portion down from the base portion to a desired position; fitting the base portion atop the seat base of the seat and the backrest portion against the backrest of the seat; stretching the canopy over and about the upper end of the back support portion to at least partially enclose the shoulder foam pads and form a privacy hood.

10. A method of folding an adapter according to claim 1 from an operable configuration to a backpack configuration, said method including: releasing and freeing the canopy from over and about the upper end of the back support portion; folding the pair of shoulder foam pads inwards relative to the back support portion and the pair of seat base side foam pads inwards relative to the base portion; folding the footrest portion up to the base portion; folding the base portion relative to and against the back support portion; stretching the canopy over and about the upper end of the back support portion and the base portion folded thereagainst to at least partially enclose and secure the base portion against the back support portion and secure the backpack configuration in place; and engaging the fastening system of the backpack straps to secure the adapter into a backpack configuration.Statement under Article 19(1)The amended claims submitted under Article 19 address the Written Opinion dated October 15, 2025, for PCT / AU2025 / 050736, focusing on the inventive aspects identified (original Claims 4, 11 , 17, and 18) while resolving clarity issues noted in Box VIII. Claim 1 now integrates the footrest portion and adjustable backpack straps with a fastening system as core elements, establishing antecedence for subsequent claims and reflecting the invention’s novel solution to child discomfort from dangling feet. The stretchable fabric canopy’s dual role — enclosing shoulder pads as a privacy hood in the operable configuration and securing the backpack configuration — distinguishes the adapter from prior art (e.g., D1 , D2, D8), where no such portable, self-securing foldable design is disclosed. The footrest’s folding mechanism to create a flat sleeping surface addresses a long-standing travel problem, enhancing non-obvious utility.To address the clarity observation on Claim 4, the footrest is now a mandatory feature in Claim 1 , eliminating the antecedence issue previously noted when appended to Claims 1-3. The examiner’s treatment of "the footrest portion" as "a footrest portion" is superseded by this amendment, ensuring consistency with the description. Similarly, Claims 9 and 10 (methods of unfolding and folding) are now explicitly dependent on Claim 1 , resolving the antecedence issue with "the fastening system" by tying them to the backpack straps’ fastening system introduced in Claim 1 , aligning with the examiner’s interpretation linking original Claims 17-18 to Claim 11.The inclusion of fabric gussets positioned to allow a lap seat belt to pass through (Claim 3) enhances safety and practicality, further differentiating the design. Non- inventive features (e.g., pockets, hygiene materials) are retained as dependent enhancements but do not drive the inventive step, which centers on the backpack configuration, canopy securing mechanism, and footrest functionality. These amendments narrow the scope to the inventive core, overcoming objections to obviousness in broader original claims (e.g., 1-3, 5-10, 12-16) by emphasizing the unique combination of portability, security, and child comfort. The claims remain fully supported by the original description, and this filing aims to streamline prosecution in national phases.

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