Communication method and communication apparatus
By defining relationships between reference signals and optimizing carrier and network node associations, the method reduces UE processing burden, enhancing resource utilization and reception reliability in communication systems.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/129725
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-08-02
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-05
AI Technical Summary
The increasing demand for network capacity and coverage leads to a significant processing burden for user equipment (UE) due to the need to individually configure and measure multiple reference signals from different network nodes and carriers.
A communication method and apparatus that reduces UE processing burden by defining relationships between sets of reference signals, allowing parameter inference without additional configuration, and optimizing carrier and network node associations using configuration information.
This approach reduces resource overhead and processing load on UE by enabling efficient channel measurements based on inferred parameter sets, improving resource utilization and reception reliability.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024129725_05022026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
[Corrected under Rule 26, 06.12.2024]COMMUNICATION METHOD AND COMMUNICATION APPARATUS
[0001] The present application claims priority to US patent application No. 63 / 678,776, entitled "UC-CF based measurement based on other RS" , filed on August 2, 2024 and hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communications, and more specifically, to a communication method and communication apparatus.BACKGROUND
[0003] As the demand for capacity and coverage continue to increase, there is a need for further increasing the number of network nodes and frequencies. In some cases, a user equipment (UE) may receive reference signals from multiple network nodes, as well as receive reference signals mapped on multiple carriers.
[0004] However, if each signal is configured and measured individually, it may cause a significant processing burden for UE.
[0005] Therefore, how to reduce UE processing burden is an urgent problem to be solved.SUMMARY
[0006] Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and communication apparatus that can reduce UE processing burden.
[0007] According to a first aspect, a method is described. The method may be applied at a terminal side, for example, a terminal (e.g., user equipment (UE) ) or a module in a terminal, a circuit or a chip (for example, a modem chip, also referred to as a baseband chip, or a system on chip (SoC) chip or a system in package (SIP) chip that includes a modem core responsible for a communication function in a terminal. For example, the method is applied to a terminal. In this method, the terminal receives configuration information, where the configuration information indicates a relationship between a first set of reference signals and a second set of reference signals, and the relationship indicates that a first parameter set associated with the first set of reference signals is inferred from a second parameter set associated with the second set of reference signals; and the terminal performs channel measurements on the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals based on the relationship; where, the first set of reference signals is associated with a first carrier, and the second set of reference signals is associated with a second carrier; and / or the first set of reference signals is associated with a first network node, and the second set of reference signals is associated with a second network node.
[0008] According to the above solution, a relationship between the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals is defined, where the relationship indicates that a first parameter set associated with the first set of reference signals can be inferred from a second parameter set associated with the second set of reference signals. For example, sets of reference signals associated with the first carrier and the second carrier may have the relationship, and / or sets of reference signals associated with the first network node or the second network node may have the relationship. The parameter set that can be inferred does not require additional indication or configuration, reducing resource overhead.
[0009] According to a second aspect, a method may be applied to a network side, for example, a location server (e.g., a network node) or a component (for example, a circuit, a chip, or a chip system) in a location server on a network side. For example, the method is applied to a location server. In the method, the location server generates configuration information, where the configuration information indicates a relationship between a first set of reference signals and a second set of reference signals, and the relationship indicates that a first parameter set associated with the first set of reference signals is inferred from a second parameter set associated with the second set of reference signals; and the location server transmits the configuration information.
[0010] According to the second aspect, in a possible design, the method further includes: the location server transmits one or more of the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals.
[0011] According to the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible design, the configuration information includes a transmission configuration indication (TCI) that indicates the relationship.
[0012] According to the above solution, at least one TCI index (which is related to carriers and / or network nodes) may be defined, where the TCI index can indicate the relationship.
[0013] According to the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible design, the first set of reference signals is associated with the first carrier, and the second set of reference signals is associated with the second carrier, and the configuration information further indicates the first carrier and the second carrier.
[0014] According to the above solution, the configuration information indicates the first carrier and the second carrier, so that the terminal can know that the sets of reference signals associated with the first carrier and the second carrier have a relationship.
[0015] According to the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible design, a first set of carriers includes the first carrier and the second carrier, and the configuration information further indicates the first set of carriers.
[0016] According to the above solution, a first set of carriers may be predefined or preconfigured. The configuration information indicates the first set of carriers, and the terminal may know that sets of reference signals associated with the first set of carriers have a relationship.
[0017] According to the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible design, a second set of carriers comprises the first carrier, a third set of carriers comprises the second carrier, and the configuration information further indicates the second set of carriers and the third set of the carriers.
[0018] According to the above solution, a second set of carriers and a third set of carriers may be predefined or preconfigured. The configuration information indicates the second set of carriers and the third set of carriers, and the terminal may know that sets of reference signals associated with the second set of carriers and the third set of carriers have a relationship.
[0019] According to the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible design, the first set of reference signals is associated with the first network node, and the second set of reference signals is associated with the second network node, and the configuration information indicates the first network node and the second network node.
[0020] According to the above solution, the configuration information indicates the first network node and the second network node, and the terminal may know that sets of reference signals associated with the first network node and the second network node have a relationship.
[0021] According to the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible design, the configuration information further indicates at least one third carrier, and the at least one third carrier is associated with both the first network node and the second network node.
[0022] According to the above solution, the first network node and the second network node may share the at least one third carrier to transmit sets of reference signals.
[0023] According to the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible design, the configuration information further indicates at least one fourth carrier and at least one fifth carrier, the at least one fourth carrier is associated with the first network node, and the at least one fifth carrier is associated with the second network node.
[0024] According to the above solution, sets of reference signals associated with different network nodes and different carriers could have a relationship.
[0025] According to the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible design, the configuration information further indicates a fourth set of carriers, the fourth set of carriers comprises the at least one fourth carrier and the at least one fifth carrier.
[0026] According to the above solution, a fourth set of carriers may be predefined or preconfigured, and both the first network node and the second network node can be associated with the fourth set of carriers.
[0027] According to the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible design, the configuration information further indicates a fifth set of carriers and a sixth set of carriers, the fifth set of carriers comprises the at least one fourth carrier, the sixth set of carriers comprises the at least one fifth carrier.
[0028] According to the above solution, a fifth set of carriers and a sixth set of carriers may be predefined or preconfigured, and the first network node and the second network node can be associated with different sets of carriers.
[0029] According to the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible design, one of at least one carrier associated with the first set of reference signals and at least one carrier associated with the second set of reference signals is an initial access carrier, an anchor carrier or a serving carrier.
[0030] According to the above solution, a set of reference signals associated with an initial access carrier, an anchor carrier or a serving carrier may have a relationship with another set of reference signals.
[0031] According to the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible design, the first set of reference signals comprises channel state information-reference signals, demodulation reference signals, or phase-tracking reference signals; and the second reference signals comprise channel state information-reference signals, demodulation reference signals, or phase-tracking reference signals.
[0032] According to the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible design, the relationship is a Quasi co-located relationship.
[0033] According to the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible design, the first parameter set indicates a first set of beams, and the second parameter set indicates a second set of beams.
[0034] According to the above solution, the first set of beams can be inferred from the second set of beams. For example, the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals may share the same beam directions.
[0035] According to the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible design, the first set of reference signals is associated with the first network node, and the second set of reference signals is associated with the second network node, a time resource associated with the first set of reference signals partially or fully overlaps with a time resource associated with the second set of reference signals.
[0036] According to the above solution, a time resource associated with the first set of reference signals partially or fully overlaps with a time resource associated with the second set of reference signals, that is, the time resource can be shared by the sets of reference signals, making full use of time resources.
[0037] According to the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible design, the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals are associated with a same carrier, and the first set of reference signals is code-division multiplexed with the second set of reference signals, or the first set of reference signals is frequency-division multiplexed with the second set of reference signals.
[0038] According to the above solution, two sets of reference signals, which are associated with the same carrier, can be code-division multiplexed or frequency-division multiplexed. Thus, the terminal could distinguish the two sets of reference signals that simultaneously transmit associated with the same carrier, improving utilization of the resource.
[0039] According to the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible design, the configuration information further indicates switching time associated with the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals, and the switching time comprises one or more of: beam switching time, frequency switching time.
[0040] According to the above solution, the network side and the terminal can align the transmission time of sets of reference signals through the switching time, ensuring reliable reception of the sets of reference signals.
[0041] According to a third aspect, a method is described. The method may be applied at a terminal side, for example, a terminal (e.g., user equipment (UE) ) or a module in a terminal, a circuit or a chip (for example, a modem chip, also referred to as a baseband chip, or a system on chip (SoC) chip or a system in package (SIP) chip that includes a modem core responsible for a communication function in a terminal. For example, the method is applied to a terminal. In this method, the terminal receives configuration information, wherein the configuration information indicates a Quasi co-located relationship between a first set of reference signals and a second set of reference signals; and the terminal performs channel measurements on the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals based on the relationship; where the first set of reference signals is associated with a first carrier, and the second set of reference signals is associated with a second carrier; and / or the first set of reference signals is associated with a first network node, and the second set of reference signals is associated with a second network node.
[0042] Various designs and technical effects according to the third aspect can be referred to the descriptions of the first aspect and second aspect.
[0043] According to a fourth aspect, a method is described. The method may be applied at a terminal side, for example, a terminal (e.g., user equipment (UE) ) or a module in a terminal, a circuit or a chip (for example, a modem chip, also referred to as a baseband chip, or a system on chip (SoC) chip or a system in package (SIP) chip that includes a modem core responsible for a communication function in a terminal. For example, the method is applied to a terminal. In this method, the terminal receives configuration information, where the configuration information indicates at least one set of carriers associated with one or more sets of reference signals, each of the set of carriers includes one or more carriers, and the each of the set of carriers is associated with at least one public land mobile network (PLMN) ; and the terminal receives the at least one set of reference signals.
[0044] According to a fifth aspect, a method may be applied to a network side, for example, a location server (e.g., a network node) or a component (for example, a circuit, a chip, or a chip system) in a location server on a network side. For example, the method is applied to a location server. In the method, the location server generates configuration information, where the configuration information indicates at least one set of carriers associated with one or more sets of reference signals, each of the set of carriers comprises one or more carriers, and the each of the set of carriers is associated with at least one public land mobile network (PLMN) ; and the location server transmits the configuration information.
[0045] According to the above solution, there may be a set of carriers associated with multiple PLMNs. That is, a set of carriers may be shared by multiple operators, and the multiple operators may serve the same terminal.
[0046] According to a sixth aspect, a communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus has a function of implementing the first aspect. For example, the communication apparatus includes a corresponding module, unit, or means for performing operations in the first aspect. The module, unit, or means may be specifically implemented using software, may be implemented by using hardware, or may be implemented by using software in combination with hardware.
[0047] According to a seventh aspect, a communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus has a function of implementing the second aspect. For example, the communication apparatus includes a corresponding module, unit, or means for performing operations in the second aspect. The module, unit, or means may be specifically implemented using software, may be implemented by using hardware, or may be implemented by using software in combination with hardware.
[0048] According to an eighth aspect, a communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus has a function of implementing the third aspect. For example, the communication apparatus includes a corresponding module, unit, or means for performing operations in the third aspect. The module, unit, or means may be specifically implemented using software, may be implemented by using hardware, or may be implemented by using software in combination with hardware.
[0049] According to a ninth aspect, a communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus has a function of implementing the fourth aspect. For example, the communication apparatus includes a corresponding module, unit, or means for performing operations in the fourth aspect. The module, unit, or means may be specifically implemented using software, may be implemented by using hardware, or may be implemented by using software in combination with hardware.
[0050] According to a tenth aspect, a communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus has a function of implementing the fifth aspect. For example, the communication apparatus includes a corresponding module, unit, or means for performing operations in the fifth aspect. The module, unit, or means may be specifically implemented using software, may be implemented by using hardware, or may be implemented by using software in combination with hardware.
[0051] According to an eleventh aspect, another communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus includes a memory and one or more processors. The memory is configured to store part or all of a necessary computer program or instructions for implementing a function in the first aspect or the fourth aspect. One or more processors may execute the computer program or the instructions, and when the computer program or the instructions are executed, the communication apparatus is enabled to implement the method in any possible design or implementation of the first aspect or the fourth aspect.
[0052] In some implementations, the communication apparatus may further include an interface circuit, and the processor is configured to communicate with another apparatus or component through the interface circuit.
[0053] In some implementations, the communication apparatus may further include a memory.
[0054] The communication apparatus may be a terminal, a module in a terminal, or a chip responsible for a communication function in a terminal, for example, a modem chip (also referred to as a baseband chip) or an SoC chip, or an SIP chip that includes a modem module.
[0055] According to a twelfth aspect, another communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus includes a memory and one or more processors. The memory is configured to store part or all of a necessary computer program or instructions for implementing a function in the second aspect, the third aspect or the fifth aspect. One or more processors may execute the computer program or the instructions, and when the computer program or the instructions are executed, the communication apparatus is enabled to implement the method in any possible design or implementation of the second aspect.
[0056] In some implementations, the communication apparatus may further include an interface circuit, and the processor is configured to communicate with another apparatus or component through the interface circuit.
[0057] In some implementations, the communication apparatus may further include a memory.
[0058] The communication apparatus may be a location server, a module in a location server, or a chip responsible for a communication function in a location server, for example, a modem chip (also referred to as a baseband chip) or an SoC chip or a SIP chip that includes a modem module.
[0059] According to a thirteenth aspect, a communication system is described. The communication system includes a first communication apparatus and / or a second communication apparatus, the first communication apparatus is configured to perform the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect, and the second communication apparatus is configured to perform the method in any possible implementation of the second aspect.
[0060] According to the fourteenth aspect, in a possible design, the communication system further includes a third communication apparatus, and the third communication apparatus is configured to perform the method in any possible implementation of the third aspect.
[0061] According to a fifteenth aspect, a communication system is described. The communication system includes a first communication apparatus and / or a second communication apparatus, the first communication apparatus is configured to perform the method in any possible implementation of the fourth aspect, and the second communication apparatus is configured to perform the method in any possible implementation of the fifth aspect.
[0062] According to a sixteenth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is described. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-readable instructions, and when a computer reads and executes the computer-readable instructions, the computer is enabled to perform the method in any one of the possible designs of the first, the second, the third, the fourth, or the fifth aspect.
[0063] According to a seventeenth aspect, this application provides a computer program product. When a computer reads and executes the computer program product, the computer is enabled to perform the method in any one of the possible designs of the first, the second, the third, the fourth, or the fifth aspect.
[0064] According to an eighteenth aspect, this application provides a system comprising at least one of an apparatus in (or at) a terminal of the present application, or an apparatus in (or at) a network node of the present application.
[0065] According to a nineteenth aspect, this application provides a method performed by a system comprising at least one of an apparatus in (or at) a terminal of the present application, and an apparatus in (or at) a network node of the present application.
[0066] This application encompasses various embodiments, including not only method embodiments, but also other embodiments such as apparatus embodiments and embodiments related to non-transitory computer readable storage media. Embodiments may incorporate, individually or in combinations, the features disclosed herein.DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0067] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to this application;
[0068] FIG. 2 illustrates an example communications system 100;
[0069] FIG. 3 illustrates another example of an ED and a base station;
[0070] FIG. 4 illustrates units or modules in a device;
[0071] FIG. 5 illustrates example apparatus 510 according to an implementation of the present disclosure;
[0072] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of an apparatus 410;
[0073] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a communication system according to embodiments of this application;
[0074] FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of this application;
[0075] FIG. 8 illustrates a schematic diagram of Uni-Cs according to embodiments of this application;
[0076] FIG. 9 illustrates a schematic diagram of Uni-Cs shared by multiple operators according to embodiments of this application;
[0077] FIG. 10 illustrates a schematic diagram of an anchor CC and initial CC according to embodiments of this application;
[0078] FIG. 11 illustrates a schematic diagram of a set of beams according to some embodiments of this application;
[0079] FIG. 12 illustrates a schematic diagram of sets of reference signals transmitted by different network nodes according to some embodiments of this application;
[0080] FIG. 13 illustrates another schematic diagram of sets of reference signals transmitted by different network nodes according to some embodiments of this application;
[0081] FIG. 14 illustrates a schematic diagram of port division according to some embodiments of this application;
[0082] FIG. 15 illustrates a schematic diagram of transmit power according to embodiments of this application;
[0083] FIG. 16 illustrates a schematic diagram of network side powering on / off according to embodiments of this application;
[0084] FIG. 17 illustrates a flow chart of transmitting with the same network node according to embodiments of this application; and
[0085] FIG. 18 illustrates a flow chart of transmitting with the different network nodes according to embodiments of this application.DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0086] The following describes technical solutions of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0087] FIG. 1, is a schematic illustration of an example communication system according to an implementation of the present disclosure, there is shown a communication system 100 that includes a radio access network (RAN) 120, one or more communication electronic devices (EDs) 10a, 110b, 110c, 110d, 110e, 110f, 110g, 110h, 110i, 110j (collectively referred to as 110) , a core network 130, a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160 . The RAN 120 may include, but is not limited to, a future generation RAN, or a legacy RAN such as, but not limited to, 5th generation (5G) , 4th generation (4G) , 3rd generation (3G) or 2nd generation (2G) radio access network. The RAN 120 may be, for example, an Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) , a NextGen RAN (NG RAN) , or some other type of RAN. Examples of RAN 120 based on the evolution of telecommunications standards include, but is not limited to, GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) and CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) for 2G, UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) based on WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) and CDMA2000 for 3G, LTE (Long-Term Evolution) and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) for 4G, and NR (New Radio) for 5G. In some implementations, The RAN 120 may use any radio access technology (RAT) in the wireless interface between the one or more EDs 110 and the RAN 120. In some implementations, the term “radio access” may refer to the future generation air interface standards which may include both terrestrial networks (TNs) and non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) . These networks will be described in greater detail below in conjunction with various implementations. The one or more communication EDs 110 (also referred to as “user equipment” ) are configured to connect (e.g., communicatively couple) with each other or to one or more network nodes 170a, 170b (collectively referred to as 170) in the RAN 120. The core network (CN) 130 is a part of the communication system 100 and consists of network nodes (e.g., 170a, 170b) which provide support for the network features and telecommunication services. In some implementations, the CN 130 may be dependent on the RAT used in the communication system 100. In other implementations, the CN 130 may be access-agnostic, i.e., the CN 130 may be independent of the RAT used in the communication system 100. There are different types of CN 130, for different 3GPP system generations. For example, the CN 130 is the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) in 4G, also known as the Evolved Packet System (EPS) . In another example, the CN 130 is the 5G Core (5GC) which was developed as part of the 5G System (5GS) . The CN 130 also enables integration of different 3GPP and non-3GPP access types. In some implementations and referring to FIG. 1, the CN 130 also provides the interface towards external networks that may include the PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160 in the communication system 100.
[0088] In general, the communication system 100 facilitates interaction between multiple wireless or wired elements. The communication system 100 may transmit different types of content, such as voice, data, video, and / or text, through different transmission methods such as, but not limited to, broadcast, multicast, groupcast, and unicast. Additionally, the communication system 100 operates by allocating and / or sharing resources, such as carrier spectrum bandwidth, among its constituent elements.
[0089] The communication system 100 may provide a wide range of communication services and applications including, but not limited to, Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) services, Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC) services, Massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) services, Integrated Sensing And Communication (ISAC) , immersive communication, Ultra-massive Machine-Type Communication (uMTC) , hyper reliable and low-latency communication, ubiquitous connectivity, integrated AI and communication, and other services that can be provided by a future generation communication system. The communication system 100 may provide other services and applications such as, but not limited to, earth monitoring, remote sensing, passive sensing and positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility and the like.
[0090] The communication system 100 may include a terrestrial communication system (or network) and / or a non-terrestrial communication system (or network) . The communication system 100 may provide a high degree of availability and robustness through a joint operation of the terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system. For example, integrating a non-terrestrial communication system (or components thereof) into a terrestrial communication system can result in a heterogeneous network comprising multiple layers. The heterogeneous network may achieve better overall performance through efficient multi-link joint operation, more flexible functionality sharing, and faster physical layer link switching between terrestrial networks and non-terrestrial networks. The terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system could be considered as sub-systems of the communication system 100.
[0091] FIG. 2 illustrates another example communication system 100 according to an implementation of the present disclosure, there is shown the communication system 100 includes EDs 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d (collectively referred to as ED 110) , RANs 120a, 120b, one or more CNs 130, a PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160. Additionally, the communication system 100 may also include a non-terrestrial network (NTN) 120c. The RANs 120a and120b may include network nodes 170a and 170b respectively. Examples of network nodes 170a, 170b include base stations, which can be generally referred to as terrestrial network (TN) devices or terrestrial transmit and receive points (T-TRPs) 170a and 170b (collectively referred to as 170) . In this context, the terms "TRP" and "base station" are used interchangeably unless otherwise specified. For simplicity, this disclosure primarily refers to network nodes as base stations; however, unless explicitly stated otherwise, references to TRP are considered non-limiting and interchangeable. The T-TRPs 170a, 170b may be base stations mounted on a building or tower. In one implementation, the NTN 120c includes a RAN node such as a base station 172, which may be generally referred to as an NTN device, a non-terrestrial node, a non-terrestrial network device, a non-terrestrial base station, or a non-terrestrial transmit and receive point (NT-TRP) 172.
[0092] In some implementations, the NT-TRP 172 is not attached to the ground, for example, as in the case of an airborne base station. An airborne base station may be implemented using communication equipment supported or carried by a flying device. For example, a flying device may include, but is not limited to, an airborne platform (such as a blimp or an airship) , balloon, drone (such as quadcopter) , and other types of aerial vehicles. In some implementations, an airborne base station may be supported or carried by an unmanned aerial system (UAS) or an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) , such as a drone. An airborne base station may be a moveable or mobile base station that can be flexibly deployed in different locations to meet network demand. A satellite base station is another example of a non-terrestrial base station. A satellite base station may be implemented using communication equipment supported or carried by a satellite. A satellite base station may also be referred to as an orbiting base station. High altitude platforms are yet another example of non-terrestrial base stations, including international mobile telecommunication base stations.
[0093] As referred to herein, and unless specified otherwise, a “TRP” may also refer to a T-TRP or an NT-TRP, a “T-TRP” may also refer to a “TN TRP” , and an “NT-TRP” may also refer to an “NTN TRP” . The NTN 120c may be considered a RAN, sharing operational aspects with RANs 120a, 120b. The NTN 120c may include at least one NTN device and at least one corresponding terrestrial network device. The at least one NTN device may function as a transport layer device and the at least one corresponding terrestrial network device may function as a RAN node, communicating with the ED 110 via the NTN device. Additionally, there may be an NTN gateway on the ground (referred to as a terrestrial network device) that also functions as a transport layer device facilitating communication with both the NTN device and the RAN node. The RAN node may communicate with the ED 110 via the NTN device and the NTN gateway. In some implementations, the NTN gateway and the RAN node may be located within the same device.
[0094] A base station 170 (also referred to as a TRP as stated above) is a network element within a radio access network responsible for radio transmission and reception in one or more cells to or from the ED (such as a user equipment) . In different implementations, the base station 170 may also be known as a base transceiver station (BTS) , a radio base station, a network node, a network device, a device on the network side, a transmit / receive node, a Node B, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a Home eNodeB, a next Generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission point (TP) , a site controller, an access point (AP) , a wireless router, a relay station, a terrestrial node, a terrestrial network device, a terrestrial base station, a non-terrestrial node, a non-terrestrial network device, a non-terrestrial base station, and a positioning node, among other possibilities. The base station 170 may be a macro base station (BS) , a pico BS, a relay node, a donor node, or combinations thereof. When the base station 170 performs (or is configured to perform) a method described herein, it may be interpreted as the base station itself, one or more modules (or units) in the base station, a circuit or chip, or a combination thereof, performing the method. For example, the circuit or chip may include a modem chip, also referred to as a baseband chip, a system on chip (SoC) including a modem core, system in package (SIP) ) , and the like, and may be responsible for one or more communication functions within the base station.
[0095] The EDs 110a-110d and TRPs 170a-170b, 172 are examples of communication equipment configured to implement some or all of the operations and / or implementations described herein. The T-TRP 170a forms part of the RAN 120a, which may include other TRPs, and / or other devices. Also, the TRP 170b forms part of the RAN 120b, which may include other TRPs, and / or devices. Each TRP 170a, 170b may transmit and / or receive wireless signals within a particular geographic region or area, sometimes referred to as a “cell” or a “coverage area” . The TRPs 170a-170b may be responsible for allocating and / or configuring resources and transmission and / or reception in a set of cell (s) . A cell is a radio network object that can be uniquely identified by a cell identification that is broadcasted over a geographical region or area from base stations associated with the cell. A cell can work in either FDD or TDD mode. A cell may be further divided into cell sectors, and a base station 170a-170b may, for example, employ one or more transceivers to provide services to one or more sectors. Some implementations, may include pico or femto cells if supported by the radio access technology. In some implementations, one or more transceivers could be used for each cell, such as with Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology. The number of RANs 120a-120b shown is merely an example. Any number of RANs may be contemplated when designing the communication system 100.
[0096] A base station may be a single element, as shown in the figures, or multiple elements distributed throughout the corresponding RAN, or otherwise configured. In some implementations, a plurality of RAN nodes coordinate to assist the ED 110 in implementing radio access, and different RAN nodes separately implement and handle different functions of the base station. For example, the RAN node may be a central unit (CU) , a distributed unit (DU) , a CU-control plane (CP) , a CU-user plane (UP) , or a radio unit (RU) etc. The CU and the DU may be separately deployed, or included within the same element (i.e., a baseband unit (BBU) ) . The RU may be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit (i.e., a remote radio unit (RRU) , an active antenna unit (AAU) , or a remote radio head (RRH) ) . In different systems, the CU (or the CU-CP and the CU-UP) , the DU, or the RU may be known by different names, but their functions are understood by person skilled in the art. For example, in an open radio access network (ORAN) system, a CU may be referred to as an open CU (O-CU) , a DU may be referred to as an open DU (O-DU) , and a CU-CP may be referred to as an open CU-CP (O-CU-CP) . The CU-UP may also be referred to as an open CU-UP (O-CU-UP) , and the RU may also be referred to as an open RU (O-RU) . Any one of the CU (or the CU-CP, the CU-UP) , the DU, and the RU may be implemented using a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.
[0097] Furthermore, communication between different devices / apparatuses in various implementations of this disclosure may refer to direct communication (that is, without the need of forwarding by another device / apparatus) , or may refer to communication (s) between different devices / apparatuses via another device / apparatus (that is, requiring forwarding by another device / apparatus) . Alternatively, such communication (s) may involve one functional unit inside a device / apparatus using another functional unit within the device / apparatus to communicate with another device / apparatus. In other words, phrases such as "sending (or transmitting) information to... (an ED or a base station) " in this disclosure may be understood as a destination endpoint of the information being an ED or a base station, including, sending / transmitting information directly or indirectly to an ED or a base station. Similarly, phrases like "receiving information from... (an ED or a base station) " may be understood as a source endpoint of the information being an ED or a base station, including directly or indirectly receiving information from an ED or a base station. Between the source endpoint that sends the information and the destination endpoint, necessary processing such as, but not limited to, format conversion, digital-to-analog conversion, amplification, and filtering may be performed on the information. However, the destination endpoint may understand valid information from the source endpoint. A similar understanding applies to other descriptions in this disclosure without reiterating details already described. In the present disclosure, the terms "send" and "transmit" may be used interchangeably in different implementations of this disclosure.
[0098] The ED 110 is used to connect people, objects, machines, and other entities. The ED 110 may be widely used in various scenarios including, but not limited to, cellular communications, device-to-device (D2D) , vehicle to everything (V2X) , peer-to-peer (P2P) , machine-to-machine (M2M) , MTC, internet of things (IoT) , virtual reality (VR) , augmented reality (AR) , mixed reality (MR) , metaverse, digital twin, industrial control, self-driving, remote medical, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearable, smart transportation, smart city, drones, robots, remote sensing, passive sensing, positioning, navigation and tracking, and autonomous delivery and mobility.
[0099] Each ED 110 represents any suitable end user device for wireless operation and may include such devices (or may be referred to as, but not limited to) a user equipment (UE) or a user device or a terminal device, a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) , a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a cellular telephone, a station (STA) , an MTC device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a smartphone, a laptop, a computer, a tablet, a wireless sensor, a consumer electronics device, a smart book, a vehicle, a car, a truck, a bus, a train, or an IoT device, wearable devices (such as a watch, a pair of glasses, head mounted equipment, etc. ) , an industrial device, or an apparatus (such as a module, modem, or chip) in the forgoing devices, among other possibilities. Future generation EDs 110 may be referred to by other terms. When an ED 110 performs (or is configured to perform) a method described herein, it may be interpreted as the ED itself, one or more modules (or units) in the ED, a circuit or chip, or a combination thereof, performing the method. For example, the circuit or chip may include a modem chip, also referred to as a baseband chip, a system on chip (SoC) including a modem core, or system in package (SIP) ) , and the like, and may be responsible for one or more communication functions in the ED.
[0100] Each ED 110 connected to TRPs 170a-170b, and / or TRPs 172 can be dynamically or semi-statically turned-on (i.e., established, activated, or enabled) , turned-off (i.e., released, deactivated, or disabled) and / or configured in response to one of more of: connection availability and connection necessity.
[0101] Any ED 110 may be alternatively or additionally configured to interface, access, or communicate with any of the TRPs 170a, 170b and 172, the Internet 150, the CN 130, the PSTN 140, the other networks 160, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the ED 110a may communicate an uplink (UL) and / or downlink (DL) transmission over a terrestrial air interface 190a with station-TRP 170a. In some examples, the EDs 110a, 110b, 110c, and 110d may also communicate directly with one another via one or more sidelink (SL) air interfaces 190b. In some examples, the EDs 110a, 110d may communicate using an UL and / or DL transmission over a non-terrestrial air interface 190c with NT-TRP 172.
[0102] An air interface (such as, for example, 190a, 190b, 190c) generally includes a number of components and associated parameters that collectively specify how a transmission is to be sent and / or received over a wireless communications link between two or more communicating devices such as EDs and base station (s) . For example, an air interface may include one or more components defining the waveform (s) , frame structure (s) , multiple access scheme (s) , protocol (s) , coding scheme (s) and / or modulation scheme (s) for conveying information (such as, data) over a wireless communications link. The air interfaces 190a and 190b may use similar communication technology, that may include any suitable radio access technology.
[0103] The non-terrestrial air interface 190c can enable communication between the EDs 110a, 110d and one or more NT-TRPs 172 via a wireless link or simply a link. For some examples, the link is a dedicated connection for unicast transmission, a connection for broadcast transmission, or a connection between a group of EDs 110 and one or more NT-TRPs 172 for multicast transmission.
[0104] The TRPs 170a-170b, 172 may communicate with one another over one or more air interfaces 190e, 190f using wireless communication links (such as radio frequency (RF) , microwave, infrared (IR) , etc. ) or wired communication links. The air interfaces 190e, 190f may utilize any suitable radio access technology, and may be substantially similar to the air interfaces 190a, 190c over which the EDs 110a-110d communicate with one or more of the TRP 170a-170b, 172 or they may be substantially different. For example, the communication system 100 may implement one or more channel access methods, such as Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) , Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) , Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) , Low Density Signature Multicarrier Code Division Multiple Access (LDS-MC-CDMA) , Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) , Pattern Division Multiple Access (PDMA) , Lattice Partition Multiple Access (LPMA) , Resource Spread Multiple Access (RSMA) , and Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA) .
[0105] The RANs 120a and 120b are in communication with the CN 130 to provide the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c with various services such as voice, data, multimedia, and other services. The RANs 120a and 120b and / or the CN 130 may be in direct or indirect communication with one or more other RANs (not shown) , which may or may not be directly served by the CN 130, and may employ different radio access technologies from RAN 120a and / or RAN 120b. The CN 130 may also serve as a gateway access between (i) the RANs 120a and 120b and / or the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c, and (ii) other networks (such as the PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and the other networks 160) . In addition, some or all of the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may include functionality for communicating with different wireless networks over different wireless links using different wireless technologies and / or protocols. For example, the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c communicate using different cellular communications protocols, such as, but not limited to, a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) protocol, a code-division multiple access (CDMA) network protocol, a Push-to-Talk (PTT) protocol, a PTT over Cellular (POC) protocol, a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) protocol, a 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) protocol, a fifth generation (5G) protocol, a New Radio (NR) protocol, and the like. Instead of wireless communication (or in addition thereto) , the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may communicate using wired communication channels to a service provider or switch (not shown) , and / or to the Internet 150. The PSTN 140 may include circuit switched telephone networks for providing plain old telephone service (POTS) . The Internet 150 may include a network of computers and subnets (intranets) or both, and incorporate protocols, such as internet protocol (IP) , transmission control protocol (TCP) , user datagram protocol (UDP) . EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may be multimode devices capable of operation according to multiple radio access technologies, and may incorporate one or multiple transceivers necessary to support such.
[0106] In addition, the communication system 100 may comprise a sensing agent (not shown) to manage the sensed data from ED 110 and / or any one of TRPs 170a, 170b, 172. In one implementation, the sensing agent may be part of any one of TRPs 170a, 170b, 172. In another implementation, the sensing agent is a separate node that can communicate with the CN 130 and / or the RAN 120 (such as any one of TRPs 170a, 170b, 172) .
[0107] FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration showing an apparatus 310 wirelessly communicating with another apparatus 320 within a communication system (e.g., the communication system 100) according to an implementation of the present disclosure. The apparatus 310 may be an electronic device (such as ED 110) . The apparatus 320 may be a network node (e, g., the network node 170) such as T-TRP 170 or an NT-TRP 172. Although only one apparatus 310, and one apparatus 320 are shown in the figure, the number of apparatus 310 and / or number of apparatus 320 can vary, potentially including one or more of each. For example, a single ED 110 may be served by a single T-TRP 170 (or a single NT-TRP 172) , or by multiple T-TRPs 170 (or multiple NT-TRPs 172) . Similarly, a single ED 110 may be served by one or more T-TRPs 170 and one or more NT-TRPs 172. Similarly, a single T-TRP 170 (or a single NT-TRP 172) may serve one or more EDs 110.
[0108] The apparatus 310 may include one or more processors 210. For clarity and to avoid overcrowding the illustration, only a single processor 210 is illustrated. The apparatus 310 may further include a transmitter 201 and a receiver 203 coupled to one or more antennas 204. For clarity, only a single antenna 204 is illustrated. One, some, or all of the antennas 204 may alternatively be panels. In some implementations, the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 are separate from each other. In other implementations, the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may be integrated into a single unit, for example, as a transceiver. The transceiver is configured to modulate data or other content for transmission by the one or more antennas 204 or a network interface controller (NIC) . The transceiver may also be configured to demodulate data or other content received by the one or more antennas 204. A transceiver may include any suitable structure for generating signals for wireless or wired transmission and / or for processing signals received through wireless or wired communication. Each antenna 204 includes any suitable structure for transmitting and / or receiving wireless or wired signals. The apparatus 310 may include a memory 208. In some implementations, the apparatus 310 may include multiple memories 208. Only a single transmitter 201, receiver 203, processor 210, memory 208, and antenna 204 is illustrated for simplicity, but the apparatus 310 may include one or more other components. In some implementations of the present disclosure, the transceiver (or transmitter 201 and / or receiver 203) may be viewed as an interface circuit.
[0109] The memory 208 is configured to store instructions used to perform operations described herein. The memory 208 may also be configured to store data that is used, generated, or collected by the apparatus 310. For example, the memory 208 can store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionalities and / or operations described herein and that which are executed by the one or more processors 210.
[0110] The apparatus 310 may further include one or more input / output devices (not shown) or interfaces. The input / output devices or interfaces facilitate interaction with a user or other devices in the network. Each input / output device or interface includes suitable components for facilitating transmission of information to a user and reception of information from a user, and for various network interface communications. Such components may include, but are not limited to, a speaker, microphone, keypad, keyboard, display, touch screen, and the like.
[0111] The processor 210 may be configured to perform (or control the apparatus 310 to perform) operations (or methods) described herein as being performed by the apparatus 310. For example, the processor 210 performs or controls the apparatus 310 to perform the operations of: a) receiving one or more transport blocks (TBs) , b) using a resource for decoding at least one of the received TBs, c) releasing the resource for decoding another of the received TBs, and / or d) receiving configuration information configuring a resource. Specifically, the operations may include tasks related to: preparing a transmission for UL transmission to the apparatus 320, processing DL transmissions received from the apparatus 320, and handling SL transmission to and from another apparatus 310. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for UL transmission may include operations such as, but not limited to, encoding, modulating, transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing DL transmissions may include operations such as, but not limited to, receive beamforming, demodulating and decoding received symbols. Processing operations related to processing SL transmissions may include operations such as, but not limited to, transmit / receive beamforming, modulating / demodulating and encoding / decoding symbols. Depending upon the implementation, a DL transmission may be received by the receiver 203, possibly using receive beamforming, and the processor 210 may extract signaling from the DL transmission (such as by detecting and / or decoding the signaling) . An example of signaling may be a reference signal transmitted by the apparatus 320. In some implementations, the processor 210 implements the transmit beamforming and / or the receive beamforming based on the indication of beam direction, such as beam angle information (BAI) , received from the apparatus 320. In some implementations, the processor 210 may be configured to perform operations relating to network access (such as initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, which includes operations for detecting a synchronization sequence, decoding and obtaining the system information, and the like. In some implementations, the processor 210 may perform channel estimation, such as using a reference signal received from the apparatus 320.
[0112] Although not illustrated, in some implementations, the processor 210 may either be a part of the transmitter 201 or a part of the receiver 203 or a part of both the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203. Although not illustrated, in some implementations, the memory 208 may be a part of the processor 210.
[0113] The processor 210, along with the processing components of the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may each be implemented by one or more processors that may the same or different. These processors are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory (such as in the memory 208) .
[0114] The apparatus 320 includes one or more processors 260 (only one processor 260 is illustrated) . The apparatus 320 may further include one or more transmitters 252 and one or more receivers 254 coupled to one or more antennas 256. Only a single antenna 256 is illustrated to avoid clutter in the illustration. One, some, or all of the antennas 256 may alternatively be panels. In some implementations, the transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 are separate from each other. In other implementations, the transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 may be integrated into a single unit such as, for example, as a transceiver. The apparatus 320 may further include a memory 258. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 may include multiple memories 258. The apparatus 320 may further include a scheduler 253. Only a single transmitter 252, receiver 254, processor 260, memory 258, antenna 256 and scheduler 253 are illustrated for simplicity, however the apparatus 320 may include one or more other components. In the present disclosure, in some implementations, the transceiver (or transmitter 252 and / or receiver254) may be viewed as an interface circuit.
[0115] In some implementations, various components of the apparatus 320 may be distributed. For example, some of the modules of the apparatus 320 may be located remotely from the equipment housing the antennas 256 for the apparatus 320 (and therefore also can be viewed as one or more nodes) . These modules, which can be considered as one or more nodes, may be coupled to the equipment that houses the antennas 256 over a communication link (not shown) , sometimes referred to as front haul, such as the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) . Therefore, in some implementations, the term apparatus 320 may also refer to network-side nodes that perform processing operations such as, but not limited to, determining the location of the apparatus 310, resource allocation (scheduling) , message generation, and encoding / decoding, and that which are not necessarily part of the equipment that houses the antennas 256 of the apparatus 320. The nodes may also be coupled to other apparatuses 320. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 may actually be a plurality of nodes that are operating together to serve the apparatus 310, such as through the use of coordinated multipoint transmissions, or through the use of ORAN system as described above in the disclosure.
[0116] The processor 260 is configured to perform operations including those related to: preparing a transmission for DL transmission to the apparatus 310, processing an UL transmission received from the apparatus 310, preparing a transmission for backhaul transmission to another apparatus 320, and processing a transmission received over backhaul from another apparatus 320. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for DL or backhaul transmission may include operations such as, but not limited to, encoding, modulating, precoding (such as MIMO precoding) , transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing received transmissions in the UL or over backhaul may include operations such as, but not limited to, receive beamforming, demodulating received symbols, and decoding received symbols. The processor 260 may also be configured to perform operations relating to network access (such as initial access) and / or DL synchronization, such as generating the content of synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) , generating the system information, and the like. In some implementations, the processor 260 is further configured to generate an indication of beam direction, such as BAI, which may be scheduled for transmission by the scheduler 253 which will be described below. In some implementations, the processor 260 implements the transmit beamforming and / or receive beamforming based on beam direction information (such as BAI) received from another apparatus 320. The processor 260 is configured to perform other network side processing operations described herein, such as, but not limited to, determining the location of the apparatus 310, determining where to deploy another apparatus 320, and the like. In some implementations, the processor 260 may generate signaling data, to configure one or more parameters of the apparatus 310 and / or one or more parameters of another apparatus 320. Any signaling data generated by the processor 260 is sent by the transmitter 252. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 implements physical layer processing. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 may perform higher layer functions such as those at the Medium Access Control (MAC) or Radio Link Control (RLC) layers in addition to physical layer processing. In the apparatus 320, the scheduler 253 may be coupled to the processor 260 or integrated within the processor 260. In some implementations, the scheduler 253 may be integrated within the apparatus 320 or may be operated separately from the apparatus 320. The scheduler 253 may schedule UL, DL, SL, and / or backhaul transmissions, including issuing scheduling grants and / or configuring scheduling-free (such as “configured grant” ) resources.
[0117] The apparatus 320 may further include a memory 258 that is configured to store instructions for performing the operations described herein. The memory 258 may also store data that is used, generated, or collected by the apparatus 320. For example, the memory 258 can store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionalities and / or implementations described herein and that which are executed by the processor 260.
[0118] Although not illustrated, the processor 260 may be implemented as part of the transmitter 252 and / or a part of the receiver 254. Although not illustrated, in some implementations, the processor 260 may implement the scheduler 253 and the memory 258 may be implemented as part of the processor 260.
[0119] The processor 260, the scheduler 253, the processing components of the transmitter 252, and the processing components of the receiver 254 may each be implemented by the same or different processors that are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory, such as in the memory 258.
[0120] The apparatus 320 and / or the apparatus 310 may include other components, not shown or described herein for the sake of clarity.
[0121] Note that the term “signaling” , as used herein, may alternatively be referred to as control signaling, control message, control information, or message for simplicity. Signaling between a base station (such as the TRP 170a. 170b, 172) and a UE or sensing device (such as ED 110) , or signaling between a different UE or sensing device (such as between ED 110a and ED 110b) may be carried in physical layer signaling (also called as dynamic signaling) , which is transmitted in a physical layer control channel. For DL, the physical layer signaling may be known as downlink control information (DCI) which is transmitted in a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) . For UL, the physical layer signaling may be known as uplink control information (UCI) which is transmitted in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) . For SL, signaling between different UEs or sensing devices (such as between ED 110a and ED 110b) may be known as SL control information (SCI) which is transmitted in a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) . Signaling may be carried in a higher layer (such as higher than physical layer) signaling, which is transmitted in a physical layer data channel, such as in a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) for downlink signaling, in a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) for uplink signaling, and in a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) for SL signaling. Higher layer signaling may also be called static signaling, or semi-static signaling. The higher layer signaling may include radio resource control (RRC) protocol signaling or media access control -control element (MAC-CE) signaling. Signaling may be included in a combination of physical layer signaling and higher layer signaling.
[0122] It should be noted that in the present disclosure, “information” , when different from “message” , may be carried within a single message, or may be carried in multiple separate messages.
[0123] FIG. 4 illustrates an example apparatus 410 according to an implementation of the present disclosure. The apparatus 410 may be a communication device or an apparatus implemented in a communication device such as the ED 110 or the TRPs 170a, 170b, 172. For example, the apparatus 410 implemented in an ED may be an integrated circuit, which in some instances may be referred to as a chip, a modem, a modem chip, a baseband chip, or a baseband processor. In some implementations, one or more integrated circuits can be packaged into a system-on-chip, a system-in-package, or a multi-chip module. The apparatus 410 can include one or more integrated circuits and other discrete components. In some implementations, the apparatus 410 may be a module within the ED 110, or within the apparatus 310. In some implementations, the apparatus 410 may be a module within one of the TRPs 170a, 170b, 172, or the apparatus 320.
[0124] In an example, the apparatus 410 may include one or more processors 411, and an interface circuit 412. The apparatus 410 may further include a memory 413. The one or more processors 411 are configured to process signals and execute one or more communication protocols. The memory 413 is configured to store at least a part of corresponding computer program instructions and / or data. In an example, the one or more processors 411 execute the computer program instructions stored in the memory 413 to implement related operations (for example, inputting, outputting, receiving, and transmitting) in the method embodiments disclosed herein. In some implementations, the memory 413 being configured to store the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data may mean that the memory 413 is configured to store all of the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data for execution by the one or more processors 411. In some implementations, the memory 413 being configured to store the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data may mean that the memory 413 is configured to store a part of the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data. For example, the part of the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data may include computer program instructions and / or data that need to be currently executed by the one or more processors 411. Thus, the memory 413 may store different parts of computer program instructions and / or data for a plurality times for the one or more processors 411 to perform related operations in the method embodiments disclosed herein. As a communication interface, the interface circuit 412 is configured to implement communication with another component. For example, the interface circuit 412 may communicate a signal with another apparatus or system, such as a radio frequency processing apparatus or another processor. The signal may include or carry information intended as a payload, such as user data, control information, etc. The signal may also include or carry information useful to a receiver, but not necessarily as a payload, such as a pilot signal or reference signal. Communicating the signal may include transmitting the signal to another component or device. Communicating the signal may additionally or alternatively include receiving the signal from another component or device. Transmitting the signal may include outputting the signal to a component or device that is directly or indirectly coupled to the interface circuit 412. Receiving the signal may include inputting or obtaining the signal from a component or device that is directly or indirectly coupled to the interface circuit 412. Optionally, to reduce a load of the one or more processors, a baseband signal processing circuit 414 may be also disposed to implement processing of at least a part of baseband signals, including signal demodulation, modulation, encoding, decoding, or the like.
[0125] The apparatus 410 may be the processor 210 (or 260) within the apparatus 310 (or 320) , in some scenarios, or may be included within the processor 210 (or 260) within the apparatus 310 (or 320) in some scenarios. The apparatus 410 may be a baseband chip or may include a baseband chip. In some implementations, the apparatus 410 may be independently packaged into a chip. In some implementations, the apparatus 310 (or 320) includes different types of chips. The apparatus 410 may be packaged into a processor chip (for example, an SoC chip or an SIP chip) with the different types of chips. In some implementations, the apparatus 410 may be packaged into a chip with some or all of circuits of a radio frequency processing system that may further be included in the apparatus 310 (or 320) .
[0126] FIG. 5 illustrates example apparatus 510 according to an implementation of the present disclosure. The apparatus 510 may include corresponding modules or units configured to implement methods and / or implementations described herein. In some implementations, the apparatus 510 includes a processing unit 512 and a communication unit 513. Optionally, the apparatus 510 may further include a storage unit 511 configured to store apparatus program code (or instructions) and / or data.
[0127] The apparatus 510 may be an ED side apparatus, for example, an ED or a module in an ED, or a circuit or a chip responsible for a communication function in an ED. In some implementations, apparatus 510 may be the apparatus 310. The processing unit 512 may be the processor 210. The communication unit 513 may comprise a receiving unit and / or a transmitting unit. The receiving unit and / or the transmitting unit may be the transmitter 201 and / or the receiver 203 respectively. The storage unit 511 may be the memory 208.
[0128] The apparatus 510 may be a base station side apparatus, for example, a base station or a module in a base station, or a circuit or a chip responsible for a communication function in a base station. In some implementations, apparatus 510 may be apparatus 320. The processing unit 512 may be the processor 260 (the scheduler 253 may also be included) . The communication unit 513 may comprise a receiving unit and / or a transmitting unit. The receiving unit and / or the transmitting unit may be the transmitter 252 and / or the receiver 254 respectively. The storage unit 511 may be the memory 258.
[0129] In some implementations, when the apparatus 510 is an ED 110 or a module in an ED 110, a function of the apparatus 510 may be implemented by one or more processors. Specifically, the processor may include a modem chip, or a system on chip (SoC) chip or an SIP chip that includes a modem core. A function of the communication unit 513 may be implemented by a transceiver circuit.
[0130] In some implementations, when the apparatus 510 is a circuit or a chip that is responsible for a communication function in an ED 110, such as a modem chip, a system on chip (SoC) chip or an SIP chip that includes a modem core -a function of the processing unit 512 may be implemented by a circuit system within the chip which includes one or more processors. A function of the communication unit 513 may be implemented by an interface circuit or a data transceiver circuit on the chip.
[0131] It may be understood that the units in the apparatus 510 may be logical or functional. Each function may correspond to one functional unit, or two or more functions may be integrated into a single functional unit. In actual implementation, all or some of the units may be integrated into a single physical entity, or may be distributed across different physical entities. In addition, the functional units may be implemented in the form of hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Whether a function is implemented in the form of hardware or software depends on particular applications and design constraint conditions of the technical solutions. A person skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for specific applications, but it should not be considered that the implementation goes beyond the scope of this disclosure.
[0132] In an example, a functional unit in any one of the apparatuses may be configured as one or more integrated circuits for implementing the methods disclosed herein, for example, as one or more application-specific integrated circuits (application-specific integrated circuits, ASICs) , one or more central processing units (CPUs) , one or more microprocessors or microprocessor units (MPUs) , one or more microcontrollers or microcontroller units (MCUs) , one or more digital signal processors (DSPs) , one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , or a combination of these.
[0133] In an example, the storage unit 511 may include a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, an electrically erasable programmable memory, and / or a register.
[0134] A processor may be referred to as a processor system, an application processor, a baseband processor, a processor circuit, or a processor core. The processor may include one or a combination of one or more central processing units (CPUs) , one or more digital signal processors (DSPs) , one or more microprocessors (microprocessor units, MPUs) , one or more microcontrollers (microcontroller units, MCUs) , one or more graphics processing units (GPUs) , one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , one or more artificial intelligence processors (AI processors) , or one or more neural network processing units (NPUs) .
[0135] Memory or a storage unit may include one or more of the following storage media: a random access memory (RAM) , a static random access memory (static RAM, SRAM) , a dynamic random access memory (dynamic RAM, DRAM) , a phase-change memory (PCM) , a resistive random access memory (resistive RAM, ReRAM) , a magnetoresistive random access memory (magnetoresistive RAM, MRAM) , a ferroelectric random access memory (ferroelectric RAM, FRAM) , a cache, a register, a read-only memory (ROM) , a flash memory (flash memory) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable programmable ROM, EPROM) , a hard disk, and the like. In an example, computer program instructions used to execute embodiments may be stored in a non-volatile memory, for example, at least a part of a memory or storage unit (for example, one or more of a ROM, a flash memory, an EPROM, or a hard disk) . When a terminal runs, a part or all of corresponding computer program instructions may be loaded to a memory that has a higher transmission speed with the processor, for example, at least a part of a memory or a storage unit (for example, one or more of a RAM, an SRAM, a DRAM, a PCM, a RERAM, an MRAM, a FRAM, a cache, or a register) , so that the processor executes the computer program instructions to perform the steps in the method embodiments disclosed herein.
[0136] In a wireless system, a UE gets access to the network by searching for DL synchronization channel first. After it is synchronized on downlink, it could get essential system information from a master information block (MIB) and a system information block (SIB) . It could also get synchronized with network on uplink by going through a random access channel (RACH) procedure. After synchronization on both links are completed, it could set up connection with the network at different levels and start to communicate with the network.
[0137] To enhance both capacity and coverage, one effective solution is to utilize more frequency resources. In 4G LTE more frequency resources are introduced / utilized in the form of carrier aggregation (CA) in the same or neighbor frequency band (s) . In 5G NR, more frequency resources in different frequency range (FR) are also exploited including FR1 (sub-6G Hz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz to 71.0 GHz) . In future wireless system, this trend could continue. With more frequency resources are available to be exploited and utilized, how to manage them become a very critical and practical issue. The conventional carrier aggregation (CA) may not go beyond different frequency band and large number of frequency bands in different FRs would also need a more unified way to manage.
[0138] In 5G NR and earlier wireless system, an area covered by a base station is denoted as a cell and has a cell ID associated with it, and if multiple carriers are also supported in this case, each carrier could be denoted as a separate cell as well and have separate cell ID associated with each of the carrier (as each carrier is separate in frequency domain) . Conventional cellular system provides good solution for wireless communication such that frequency reuse, interference mitigation can be utilized. However, it has some drawbacks that need to be overcome. One of them is the handover (HO) , namely, when UE moves from one cell to the other, it needs HO procedure to hand over the UE from one cell to the other, which may take longer time and incur more latency. In 5G NR system, UE centric no cell (UCNC) concept is considered by some companies but most companies are not clear about its benefits. In the end, some of the mechanism on UCNC was specified but there still exists ambiguity and gap for a complete solution. For example, in Rel-18 low-layer trigger mobility (LTM) is introduced for node switch at lower layer which will reduce the HO latency. However, overall cell concept is still used.
[0139] In future wireless system, the system could be more hybrid and comprise different types of TP nodes including both base station and TRP (either a remote antenna head or a simple transmit / receive point) . Also, the function of each TP could be different, some for coverage enhancement and some for capacity enhancement, the coverage of each TP could be overlapped as well. More component carriers (CC) could also be used to expand the frequency bandwidth. From the energy saving perspective, certain TP could be turn on / off and such behaviors could be quite dynamic to save both network and UE energy without sacrificing the performance. More latency sensitive application also requires more smooth and continuous service even when UE moves around in the system, which makes the conventional HO difficult to handle.
[0140] Notably, in some implementations, the network nodes (e.g., network node 170a, 170b illustrated in FIG. 2) or one or more units / modules of the network nodes that implement the functions may be generally referred to as TPs. The EDs (e.g., ED 110 illustrated in FIG. 2) may be generally referred to as UE. The TPs and UEs may be known by different names. This is not limited to this application.
[0141] Before introducing the communication method provided by this application, additional concepts and terms are defined to ensure a clearer understanding.
[0142] 1) physical resources
[0143] The physical resources may be generally described through at least one of the following dimensions: time dimension, frequency dimension, or spatial dimension.
[0144] The time dimension could be represented by one or more time domain resource units. A time domain resource unit may include, but is not limited to, a symbol, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, and a slot. In some embodiments, the time domain unit may be represented by a symbol index, an OFDM symbol index, or a slot index.
[0145] The frequency dimension could be represented by one or more frequency domain resource units. A frequency domain resource unit may include, but is not limited to, a subcarrier, or a subband. In some embodiments, the frequency domain unit may be represented by a subcarrier index, or a subband index. In some embodiments, the frequency domain unit may also be represented by a resource element (RE) index, a resource block (RB) index, or a resource block group (RBG) index. An RE consists of a symbol in a time domain and a subcarrier in a frequency domain, and an RE index could be used to indicate a position of a subcarrier. An RB consists of a slot in the time domain and 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. An RB index could be used to indicate positions of 12 subcarriers. An RBG consists of a group of RBs, and an RBG index could be used to indicate positions of a group of subcarriers.
[0146] The spatial dimension could be represented by one or more spatial domain resource units. A spatial domain resource unit may be represented by an antenna port. In the embodiments of this application, an antenna port may be a Tx antenna. The antenna port may be identified by an antenna port index.
[0147] 2) centric-cell free (UC-CF) (also known as UE centric no cell (UCNC) communication system
[0148] The detailed description set forth below in connection with FIG. 6 is intended as a description of another exemplary communication system to which the method embodiments can be applied. It can be called a communication system that is UC-CF or UCNC.
[0149] For the first and most important level, the core idea of UC-CF (UE centric cell free) is given below:
[0150] In some implementations, various types of links are designed in the UC-CF system. In some instances, the data link and control link may be decoupled. For example, for a network node with large coverage area, a control link may be configured between the network node and UE. Thus, control signaling can be transmitted reliably. For another example, for a network with large capacity, a data link may be configured between the network node and UE. In some other instances, a link (which may be referred to as a data-control link) may be configured between a network node and UE, to carry both the control signaling and data signaling. This is not limited to this application.
[0151] Notably, a control link may carry downlink signaling, uplink signaling, or both the downlink signaling and uplink signaling. A data link may carry downlink signaling, uplink signaling, or both the downlink signaling and uplink signaling. Similarly, although not illustrated, a data-control link may carry downlink signaling, uplink signaling, or both the downlink signaling and uplink signaling. This is not limited to this application.
[0152] As shown in FIG. 6, there are 7 TPs (represented by TP#0-6) and 4 UEs (represented by UE#1-4) as examples. The 7 TPs (e.g., TPs may include TRPs and BSs) may have different forms, which may include two Macro base stations (e.g., TP#0 and TP#6) while the others are small stations. In some implementations, the UE can use TP IDs to differentiate them, or use higher layer configured IDs to differentiate them. The Macro BS may have good coverage, so the UL link or DL control link can be sent through the Macro (Main servicing TRP) BS, as shown in FIG. 6 with control link to ensure the robustness. The other TPs may be small stations, for the other links (e.g., data links) , like PDSCH, the UE can receive signals from the small stations. In addition, the link between DL and UL may also be transmitted to different TRPs, different Macro BS, or different small stations. As shown in FIG. 6, one UE (in the middle, e.g., UE#2) can receive and transmit the DL / UL PDSCH / PUSCH through the small station near it (e.g., TP#2) . It could also transmit the uplink signals to the small station (e.g., TP#3) on the right.
[0153] Notably, since a UE may require multiple types of links (e.g., data link, control link, data-control link, etc. ) , different types of links in UC-CF system may be associated with the same or different TPs. In other words, a UE may be served by multiple TPs. A cell-based configuration procedure may not have a good performance.
[0154] In such communication system, power saving technologies can be applied to the network side. For example, a TP may support at least one power saving mode. A network node in a power saving mode can turn off some functions (e.g., reduce the bandwidth allocation, etc. ) to reduce power consumption. A power saving mode may be known by different names, for example, a power off mode, a sleep mode, an idle mode, and an inactive mode, etc. They may be generally referred to as power saving mode in this context. This is not limited to this application.
[0155] 3) power saving mode
[0156] In some implementations, a network node may support various types of power saving mode. A network node in different types of power saving mode may support different functions. There are two types of power saving modes illustrated in FIG. 6.
[0157] Still referring to FIG. 6, while the above features (e.g., data links, control links) are enabled, the BS could be able to power off or sleep for a while. The power-off level or sleep level could be two different types of power-saving modes. For example, power off may mean a total power-off for some hours. As an example, the BS (e.g., the TP#4, TP#5) found that the service from other TRPs (e.g., the TP#3 and TP#6) could fully fill the need of UEs (e.g., the UE#3 and UE#4) . Another kind of level is sleep level, which means that the BS could fall asleep for a while, like several minutes. As an example, the BS (e.g., the TP#1) may find that the Service at the moment can full-fill the need of the UEs (e.g., UE#1) . As shown in FIG. 6, the two TRPs (TP#4 and TP#5) in the right hand of the figure are powered off, as the control channel can be done by the Macro BS (TP#6) , and the UEs in the field is with small numbers of activated, so Two of all TRPs can choose to power-off for power saving.
[0158] Notably, when a network node enters a power saving mode, it causes the change of communication between the UE and the network side. The change of network nodes is a complicated procedure in conventional communication system.
[0159] 4) anchor carrier, initial access carrier and serving carrier
[0160] An anchor carrier may be set up to carry specific signaling (e.g., control signaling) or provide specific services (e.g., recovering connection from interrupting) . In some instances, an anchor carrier may be a low-frequency carrier, such as 2.6GHz, so that the anchor carrier generally has good coverage. Therefore, the anchor carrier can guarantee the reliable transmission of signaling, and UE may always access the anchor carrier.
[0161] An initial access carrier may be a carrier to which the UE initially accesses (or initial attaches) .
[0162] A serving carrier may be set up to carry specific signaling (e.g., data) . In some instances, a serving carrier may have good capacity, so that a large amount of data can be carried in the serving carrier.
[0163] Notably, the anchor carrier, initial access carrier, and serving carrier may be the same carrier or different carriers. For example, the anchor carrier and the initial access carrier may be the same carrier, and the serving carrier is another carrier. Since the anchor carrier may be the most guaranteed carrier, the UE can access the anchor carrier first when it initially accesses, or wakes up from sleep mode, or recovers from interruption. The UE may then be configured by the network side to other carriers for further connection after the connection is established with the anchor CC. This avoids reconnecting in a huge number of carriers, which may take a long time. This is not limited to this application.
[0164] In UC-CF system, in some implementations, a network node may be associated with one or more carriers, and it could use these carriers to serve UE. In some instances, a network node (e.g., TP#0 and TP#1 illustrated in FIG. 6) may be associated with at least one anchor carrier and at least one serving carrier. This is not limited to this application.
[0165] In 5G NR, the information and instructions for measurement and reporting are signaled by the physical cell on which the UE is camped.
[0166] Even though CA was introduced and supported since 4G LTE, it is limited by frequency band (s) as only carries in the same or neighboring frequency bands can be aggregated. In 5G NR Rel-18, the LTM is introduced and specified, however, the overall cell layout is still in the specification and early UE still needs to be bounded by cell layout and not get benefits from this lower layer triggered mobility. In future wireless system, with more and more frequency resources needs to be exploited and support together, and with more hybrid system deployed, and with more stringent requirement on power saving to be met, a more unified solution needs to be introduced for carrier management and TP resource managements.
[0167] Notably, the above presents a simplified description of some related technologies to provide a basic understanding. The various concepts presented throughout this disclosure may be implemented across a broad variety of telecommunication systems, network architectures, and communication standards. The actual telecommunication standard, network architecture, and / or communication standard used will depend on the specific application and the overall design constraints imposed on the system.
[0168] In order to make full use of increasing network node resources, a flexible network node resource management method, which is different from a cell-based method, needs to be proposed. The network node resource management method may involve UE’s capability, measurement configuring and measurement, and more specifically, a method for measurement configuring is proposed in this application.
[0169] The method can be applied to various types of communication systems (e.g., any one of communication system described in FIGs. 1 to 6) . For a terminal side, the method can be applied to a terminal (e.g., UE) or a module in a UE, a circuit or a chip (for example, a modem chip, also referred to as a baseband chip, or a SoC chip or a SIP chip that includes a modem core responsible for a communication function) in a UE. In the examples set forth below, the method can be applied to a UE on terminal side. For a network side, a location server (e.g., a network node) or a component (for example, a circuit, a chip, or a chip system) in a location server on a network side. In the examples set forth below, the method can be applied to at least one network node on network side.
[0170] FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of this application.
[0171] At step 710, a UE receives configuration information, where the configuration information indicates a relationship between a first set of reference signals and a second set of reference signals, and the relationship indicates that a first parameter set associated with the first set of reference signals is inferred from a second parameter set associated with the second set of reference signals.
[0172] At step 720, the UE performs channel measurements on the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals based on the relationship; where, the first set of reference signals is associated with a first carrier, and the second set of reference signals is associated with a second carrier; and / or the first set of reference signals is associated with a first network node, and the second set of reference signals is associated with a second network node.
[0173] According to the above solution, a relationship between the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals is defined, where the relationship indicates that a first parameter set associated with the first set of reference signals can be inferred from a second parameter set associated with the second set of reference signals. For example, sets of reference signals associated with the first carrier and the second carrier may have the relationship, and / or sets of reference signals associated with the first network node or the second network node may have the relationship. The parameter set that can be inferred does not require additional indication or configuration, thereby reducing resource overhead.
[0174] The first network node and the second network node may be various types of network nodes, for example, a network node responsible for control link, a network node responsible for data link, a network node responsible for uplink, a network node responsible for downlink, a network node responsible for both downlink and uplink, etc. This is not limited to this application.
[0175] Notably, due to the flexibility between the network nodes, the network node who transmits the configuration information and the network nodes who transmit the sets of reference can be the same or different. In other words, the first network node (or the second network node) may be the network node who transmits the configuration information or not. Therefore, in embodiments of this application, the term “network side” is used to generally refer to one or more network nodes. The specific network node is depended on the specific actions performed by the network side and the application scenarios. This is not limited to this application.
[0176] In some implementations, one or more sets of carriers may be defined. Each set of carriers may include one or more carriers. A carrier in a set of carriers may be also referred to as a component carrier (CC) or other similar expressions. A set of carriers may be also referred to as a group of carriers, a group of CCs, a union carrier (Uni-C) , a union CC (Uni-CC) or other similar expressions. Correspondingly, in some examples, without limitation, an ID of a carrier may be represented by a CC ID, and an ID of a set of carriers may be represented by Uni-C ID, Uni-CC ID or other expressions. Exemplary, a Uni-C#1 may be with an index of Uni-C ID1, a Uni-C#2 may be with an index of Uni-C ID2 and a Uni-C#3 may be with an index of Uni-C ID3.
[0177] A Uni-C may include various types of carriers. In some instances, a Uni-C consists of a set (group) of CCs, and may be formed from one or more CCs from one or more spectrum ranges, e.g., frequency range (FR) 1, FR2, FR3, etc. For example, in 5G new radio (NR) , different frequency ranges have been defined such as FR1 and FR2, where FR1 defines frequency range of 410 MHz to 7125 MHz, and this is often referred to as "sub-6 GHz" range; FR2 defines frequency range of 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz, and this is often referred to as "mmWave" range. In future network, a mid-band frequency range may be proposed with spectrum spanning from 7 GHz to 15 GHz, and this may be referred to as centimeter wave or “cmWave” range. As a result, one or more union carriers (Uni-Cs) can be defined or configured based on CCs from FR1, FR2 and FR3. For example, CCs in each FR may form one Uni-C; CCs in neighbor FRs may form one Uni-C.
[0178] For example, FIG. 8 illustrates a schematic diagram of Uni-Cs according to embodiments of this application. For example, the communication system may define Uni-C#1, Uni-C#2 and Uni-C#3, where CCs in Uni-C#1 are located in FR1, CCs in Uni-C#2 are located in FR2, and CCs in Uni-C#3 are located in FR3. In these instances, a Uni-C may be identified by identifier of the corresponding FR. In some other instances, although not illustrated, a Uni-C may include CCs located in different FRs, this is not limited to this application.
[0179] In order to further manage the frequency band and use the diversity of different operators, and enable better manage and power saving, such solutions are proposed below:
[0180] A unified carrier (Uni-C) may comprise all CCs or part of CCs from one frequency range. In FIG. 8, there are three frequency ranges: FR1, FR3, and FR2, where FR1 may include k CCs, identified by cci, i=1, 2, …, k (or alternatively, indexed from 0, 1, …, k-1) , FR3 may include m CCs, identified by ccj, j=1, 2, …, m (or alternatively, indexed from 0, 1, …, m-1) , and FR2 may include n CCs, identified by ccl, l=1, 2, …, n (or alternatively, indexed from 0, 1, …, n-1) , where k, m and n are positive integers. CCs in each FR may form one unified carrier, identified by Uni-C1, Uni-C2 and Uni-C3, respectively.
[0181] It is noted that CCs in one FR may form one or more unified carriers. In some implementations, one unified carrier may consist of CCs from one or more FRs.
[0182] In some implementations, each of the at least one set of carriers is associated with at least one public land mobile network (PLMN) . There may be a set of carriers associated with multiple PLMNs. That is, a set of carriers may be shared by multiple operators, where an operator may be assigned / associated with a PLMN, and the multiple operators may serve the terminal simultaneously.
[0183] CCs in one Uni-C may be used for at least one of shared carriers or dedicated carriers (e.g., operator specific) . In some implementations, one or more Uni-Cs or CCs may be used or configured for a support of communication coverage, referred to as coverage Uni-C or coverage CCs. In some implementations, one or more Uni-Cs or CCs may be used or configured for a support of communication capacity, referred to as capacity Uni-C or capacity CCs. Alternatively, coverage Uni-C can be operator specific and capacity Uni-C can be inter-operator shared.
[0184] For example, FIG. 9 illustrates a schematic diagram of Uni-Cs shared by multiple operators according to embodiments of this application.
[0185] For unified carriers and associated CCs as defined or configured above, the frequency resources may be dedicated used or shared among different operators or radio access technologies (RATs) such as 5G, future technology, etc. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, part of CCs in FR1 have dedicated usages among different operators such as carrier operator 1, carrier operator 2, and other part of CCs in FR1 consists one unified carrier (identified by Uni-C1) that are shared by different (L is a positive integer, L>1) carrier operators. Moreover, all CCs in FR3 consist of another unified carrier (identified by Uni-C2) , which is used as shared resources among different (L>1) carrier operators.
[0186] In some implementations, a Uni-C may include an anchor carrier (anchor CC) , where the anchor CC may be configured to carry control signals. The Uni-C which includes the anchor CC may be referred to as an anchor Uni-C.
[0187] In some implementations, a Uni-C may include an initial access carrier (initial access CC) , where the initial access CC may be the CC to which the UE initially accesses. The Uni-C which includes the initial access carrier may be referred to as an initial access Uni-C.
[0188] In some implementations, a Uni-C may include a serving carrier (serving CC) , where the serving CC may be configured to carry data. The Uni-C which includes the serving CC may be referred to as a serving Uni-C.
[0189] Notably, the anchor CC, initial access CC and serving CC may be the same CC or different CCs. For example, the anchor CC and the initial access CC may be the same CC, and the serving CC is another CC. This is not limited to this application. Notably, the anchor CC, initial CC and serving CC may be included in the same Uni-C or different Uni-Cs. For example, the initial access CC is included in Uni-C#1, and the anchor CC and serving CC are included in Uni-C#2. This is not limited to this application.
[0190] For example, FIG. 10 illustrates a schematic diagram of an anchor CC and initial CC according to some embodiments of this application.
[0191] So based on the information given before, we can know that Uni-Cs is a concept of sets of carriers, each Uni-C has its own ID, different Operator has its own Uni-C. In some instances, there may be some shared Uni-Cs be used for different Operators. When a UE powers on, it will find an operator through a pre-configured CC, e.g., the initial access CC in FIG. 10, then finds an anchor CC to be camped. Uni-C or CC is the resource that an operator can use to serve one UE. So different from the Cell service based 5G / 4G base station, the new service may be based on TP ID, CC ID and / or Uni-C ID given by the operator. One Uni-C maybe the set of a frequency Carriers, like FR1 FR2, or it can represent the Carriers one operator can use. Like some CCs in FR1, some CCs in FR2. So it is not limited by one physically deployed base station. It can schedule all the resources it has to serve one UE. Even other operators’ CC (shared) , it has opportunity to use it.
[0192] In some implementations, a frequency resource allocation may be provided by an indication comprising at least one Uni-C ID and one or more CC IDs associated with the Uni-C, or more comprehensively, by an indication of at least one Freq-ID where an Freq-ID indicates a Uni-C ID, one or more CC IDs, bandwidth part (BWP) , and (optionally) a number of RBGs or RBs.
[0193] As aforementioned, there may be a plurality of network nodes and / or carriers available for UE. Therefore, the UE can be scheduled based on network nodes and / or carriers, rather than fixed access to a certain cell (all scheduling is based on the certain cell) .
[0194] In some implementations, each network node may be associated with at least one set of carriers (Uni-C) . A network node can use its associated set of carriers to communicate. For example, the network node#1 is associated with the Uni-C#1, the network node#2 is associated with the Uni-C#2, and the network node#3 is associated with the Uni-C#3. For another example, the network node#1 is associated with the Uni-C#1 and Uni-C#2, the network node#2 is associated with the Uni-C#1 and Uni-C#3, and the network node#1 is associated with the Uni-C#1, Uni-C#2 and Uni-C#3. This is not limited to this application.
[0195] The association relationship between the network nodes and the sets of carriers may be pre-defined or pre-configured. In embodiments of this application, pre-defined or pre-configured may refer to a pre-defined in the standard, or is derived from related code, table, function, text, string or a combination thereof.
[0196] A network node associated with an anchor Uni-C (anchor CC) may be referred to as an anchor network node. A network node associated with an initial access Uni-C (initial access CC) may be referred to as an initial access network node. A network node associated with a serving Uni-C (serving CC) may be referred to a serving network node.
[0197] Still referring to FIG. 7, the relationship between the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals indicates that a first parameter set associated with the first set of reference signals can be inferred from a second parameter set associated with the second set of reference signals. For example, the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals may go through a similar channel condition in some aspects. When UE detects the first set of reference signals and figure out some properties of the first set of reference signals, it will greatly help to detect the second set of reference signals. In other words, one or more parameters related to these aspects could be shared between the sets of reference signals.
[0198] The first set of reference signals and the second set of references may include various types of reference signals. For example, the first set of reference signals may include channel state information-reference signals (CSI-RS) , synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel (SS / PBCH) blocks (or named as SSB) , demodulation reference signals (DMRS) , or phase-tracking reference signals (PTRS) ; and the second reference signals may include CSI-RS, DMRS, SSB or PTRS. In some implementations, the configuration information may further indicate the type of the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals.
[0199] Notably, the type of the first set of reference signals and the type of second reference signals may be the same or different. For example, a set of SSB and a set of CSI-RS may have a relationship. This is not limited to this application.
[0200] In some cases, a measurement based on CSI-RS and other RS (i.e. DMRS of PDCCH, DMRS of PDSCH, and so on for downlink, and SRS, DMRS for PUCCH, DMRS for PUSCH, and so on for uplink) is considered, based on the UE capability report and the pre-configured signaling, the UE should know all the information about the signals will send. Apart from this, even some report priority or measurement priority can also be sent to UE based on the UE capability report or the network side preference.
[0201] When the reference signals are not SSB, in some cases, different from the SSB transmission, the UE can assume that it has enough information about the serving CC or related signals. This is due to the fact that the SSB measurement is considered for idle or inactive type measurement. Like the UE just wakes up from sleep, the UE has no sufficient information and can only do the SSB detection and the RSRP measurement. But if it is the connected type for the UE, it means the UE has efficient information from the network side, and the measurement can be large bandwidth by using the CSI-RS or other related reference signals (RS) for downlink or uplink physical layers. So in the activated type, the UE can measure the Channel more accurate, and has more ways to reduce the measurement, because it can relate to more other channels and larger BW.
[0202] Based on the information, we can assume that the network side will start to send CSI-RS (or other RS) for measurement. The measurement may be based on the Uni-C ID or the CC groups ID or CC ID, there may be a plurality of TPs here.
[0203] In some cases, the relationship may be expressed as a Quasi co-located (QCL) relationship. In 5G NR, the QCL relationship is defined as: two antenna ports are said to be quasi co-located if properties of the channel over which a symbol on one antenna port is conveyed can be inferred from the channel over which a symbol on the other antenna port is conveyed. The first parameter set (or the second parameter set) may correspond to the properties of the channel over which a symbol on an antenna port associated with the first set of reference signals (or the second set of reference signals) is conveyed.
[0204] The parameter type contained in the first parameter set and the second parameter set may be predefined or preconfigured. In an implementation, the configuration information may indicate the parameter type explicitly. In another implementation, the parameter type may be associated with a type of the QCL relationship, so that UE can know which parameter can be inferred.
[0205] For example, there are four types of QCL relationship:
[0206] QCL-TypeA: the corresponding parameter types include: Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread;
[0207] QCL-TypeB: the corresponding parameter types include: Doppler shift, Doppler spread;
[0208] QCL-TypeC: the corresponding parameter types include: Average delay, Doppler shift; and
[0209] QCL-TypeD: the corresponding parameter types include: spatial Rx parameter.
[0210] In some implementations, the first parameter set indicates a first set of beams, and the second parameter set indicates a second set of beams. Notably, the first set of beams and the second set of beams may belong to the types of spatial Rx parameter. When the first set of beams can be inferred from the second set of beams, the relationship between the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals may be referred to as QCL-TypeD relationship. When UE detects the first set of reference signals with the first set of beams and know that the first set of reference signals is quasi co-located (QCLed) with the second set of reference signals via Type D, the UE can use the same beam directions corresponding to the first set of beams to detect the second set of reference signals.
[0211] Notably, the relationship between the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals may also include other types defined in the future. This is not limited to this application.
[0212] As aforementioned, the relationship may be a QCL relationship between sets of reference signals associated different carriers (represented by relationship#ahereinafter) ; or a QCL relationship between sets of reference signals associated with different network nodes (represented by relationship#b hereinafter) ; or a QCL relationship between sets of reference signals associated with different carriers and different network nodes (represented by relationship#c hereinafter) ; or a combination thereof.
[0213] The sets of reference signals are respectively associated with sets of beams. In some implementations, each beam in a set of beams is associated with a reference signal in a set of reference signals, respectively. For example, the first set of reference signal includes reference signal#a1, reference signal#a2, reference signal#a3 and reference signal#a4. A first set of beams, which is associated with the first set of reference signals, includes beam#a1, beam#a2, beam#a3 and beam#a4. The beam#a1 is used to transmit the reference signal#a1, the beam#a2 is used to transmit the reference signal#a2, beam#a3 is used to transmit the reference signal#a3 and beam#a4 is used to transmit the reference signal#a4. Each beam may correspond to a beam direction.
[0214] Beam can also be expressed as a “spatial filter” or “spatial parameters” . A beam is formed by performing amplitude and / or phase weighting on data transmitted or received by at least one antenna port, or by using other methods such as, for example, adjusting a related antenna parameter. The beam may include a transmit (Tx) beam and / or a receive (Rx) beam. A beam used to transmit a signal, referred to as a transmit beam (Tx beam) , can also be expressed as a spatial domain transmit filter, or spatial transmit parameters. The transmit beam indicates distribution of signal strength formed in different spatial directions after a Tx beam signal is transmitted through an antenna. Similarly, a beam used to receive a signal, referred to as a receive beam (Rx beam) , can also be expressed as spatial domain receive filter, or spatial receive parameters. The receive beam indicates distribution of signal strength of a wireless signal received from an antenna and that is in different spatial directions.
[0215] Each beam may be assigned / associated with an identifier (ID) . Notably, in some implementations, the terms “identifier (ID) ” and terms “index” may be used interchangeably. In some instances, an index of a beam (or expressed as beam index) may be pre-defined or pre-configured.
[0216] For illustrative purpose, FIG. 11 illustrates a schematic diagram of a set of beams according to some embodiments of this application. The TP#1 transmits the first set of reference signals using a serving CC with serving CC beam indexes from 1 to 4, and the second set of reference signals using an anchor CC with anchor CC beam index 2. The reference signal with serving CC beam index 2 and the reference signal with anchor CC beam index 2 are QCLed.
[0217] In some implementations, the sets of beams correspond to sets of indexes of the sets of reference signals. When a set of reference signals is assigned / associated with an identifier, the identifier can be also used to identify a set of beams, as a beam set ID. Thus, UE may identify a beam based on the corresponding beam set ID (or physical resource set ID) and beam ID (or physical resource ID) . In some instances, when each beam is respectively associated with each reference signal, the beam ID and the reference signal ID may share an ID. For example, when the reference signal is SSB, each SSB is assigned / associated with a SSB index, so that the SSB index can be used to identify a beam, that is, as a beam ID. For another example, when the reference signal is CSI-RS, the CSI-RS is assigned / associated with a CSI-RS index, so that the CSI-RS index can be used to identify a beam, that is, as a beam ID.
[0218] In some implementations, the sets of beams correspond to sets of physical resources of the sets of reference signals. In some instances, the sets of reference signals are respectively associated with the sets of physical resources, and each beam in a set of beams is associated with a reference signal in a set of reference signals, respectively. When a set of physical resources is assigned / associated with an identifier, the identifier can be also used to identify a set of beams, as a beam set ID. In some instances, when each beam is respectively associated with each physical resource, the beam ID and the physical resource ID may share an ID. For example, when the reference signal is SSB, each SSB resource is assigned / associated with a SSB resource index, so that the SSB resource index can be used to identify a beam, that is, as a beam ID. For another example, when the reference signal is CSI-RS, the CSI-RS resource is assigned / associated with a CSI-RS resource index, so that the CSI-RS resource index can be used to identify a beam, that is, as a beam ID.
[0219] Notably, the form of beam ID or beam set ID may be related to the type of reference signals. For example, CSI-RS beam ID may be indicated by parameters: non-zero power (NZP) -CSI-RS-ResourceSetID (which may indicate a CSI-RS resource set) , NZP-CSI-RS-Resources (which may indicate the CSI-RS resource ID) and Repetition (which may indicate that the CSI-RS resource set is associated with a beam set, that is, the network side may use a set of beams to transmit the CSI-RS repeatedly. This is not limited to this application.
[0220] Beam IDs can be numbered in a variety of ways. For example, the beams IDs may be numbered based on the number of beams, associated network nodes, associated CCs, associated Uni-Cs, the number of sets of beams, or a combination thereof.
[0221] For example, the network side that indicates to transmit CSI-RS (or other reference signals) could be an Initial Access CC, or an Anchor Carrier, or a serving Carrier or a shared CC which is indicated by the operator and owned by other operators. The beam index associated with the CC or the TP could be possibly limited to index #1~N#or #N+1~2N#or #2N+1~3N#..., This is because there will be lots of TP out there, so it needs to give the beam of a reference signal an index in the overall TPs. In case the UE does other TP or beam measurements and report together, it is possible that the beams can not be separated. So, the index could be related to CC-ID or Uni-CC ID.
[0222] There are two possible ways to solve this problem. The first one is defining the SSB / DMRS in PBCH (or other reference signals) based on the ID of the CC, or Uni-CC, or CC groups. And indicate the beams under the same value with different index, for example, for TP1: beams index from 1 to N; for TP2, from N+1 to 2N; for TP3, from 2N+1 to 3N, etc, N is a positive integer.
[0223] The second way is to make the index relate to the value (e.g., ID or index) of Uni-CC ID or CC-ID or CC group ID, which needs to be indicated in the pre-configured signaling. For example, the beam index corresponding to N beams of a Uni-C can be expressed as:
[0224] (Uni-CC_ID-1) *N+1~ Uni-CC_ID*N
[0225] There is another benefit there if we set the index related to the Uni-C ID. The generation of the SSB / DMRS in PBCH (or other reference signals) would be quite easy, and the UE can generate once to do all the measurements under the same ID.
[0226] In some implementations, the configuration information includes an indication (e.g., a transmission configuration indication (TCI) ) that indicates the relationship. For example, a TCI state table may be predefined or preconfigured. The TCI state table may include a plurality of TCI states. Each TCI state corresponds to a set of reference signals (e.g., CSI-RS, SSB, etc. ) and is assigned / associated with an index (or identifier) , which may be represented as TCI state ID. Therefore, the configuration information may carry an index defined in the TCI state table, so that the UE can know the set of reference signals which is with QCL relationship. Notably, TCI is taken as an example in some implementations in this application for illustrative purposes, the relationship may be indicated by another indication (e.g., future-defined indication) .
[0227] Based on different kinds of relationships, the configuration information may further indicate at least one related parameter to UE. In some implementations, referring to relationship#a, the first set of reference signals is associated with the first carrier, and the second set of reference signals is associated with the second carrier, and the configuration information may further indicate the first carrier and the second carrier. For example, the configuration information could include IDs of the first carrier and the second carrier, so that UE can know which carriers the sets of reference signals with QCL relationship are mapped on.
[0228] Notably, in addition to the first set of reference signals and the second reference signals having a QCL relationship, these two sets reference signals may be also both QCLed with a third set of reference signals (or more sets of reference signals) . The third set of reference signals may be mapped on the first carrier or the second carrier, or it may be mapped on another carrier. This is not limited to this application.
[0229] In some instances, one of at least one carrier associated with the first set of reference signals and at least one carrier associated with the second set of reference signals is an initial access carrier, an anchor carrier or a serving carrier.
[0230] In some instances, a first set of carriers (e.g., a first Uni-C) includes the first carrier and the second carrier, and the configuration information further indicates the first set of carriers. In some other instances, a second set of carriers (e.g., a second Uni-C) includes the first carrier, a third set of carriers (e.g., a third Uni-C) includes the second carrier, and the configuration information further indicates the second set of carriers and the third set of the carriers. That is, the carriers associated with QCLed sets of reference signals may be located in the same Uni-C or different Uni-Cs. The UE can detect these CCs based on the Uni-C ID (s) and CC IDs.
[0231] In some implementations, the above QCL-related parameters may be included in the pre-defined or preconfigured TCI state for the relationship#a. In embodiments of this application, pre-defined or pre-configured may refer to a pre-defined in the standard, or is derived from related code, table, function, text, string or a combination thereof. For illustrative purposes, without limitation, these parameters are shown in an information element. For example:
[0232] In the TCI state, there will be a new information element structure like this (as shown in information element 1, take pseudorandom code as an example) :
[0233] Information element 1: Information of TCI state signaling
[0234] TCI-State : : = {
[0235] Tci-stateID : ID#111
[0236] Qcl-Type1 : QCL-Info
[0237] Qcl-Type2 : QCL-Info
[0238] …
[0239] }
[0240] QCL-Info : : =
[0241] Uni-CC ID1 Uni-CC ID1
[0242] CCID1 servCC ID Index (or it could be a set, which means in the TP, some CCs are QCL-related)
[0243] CCID2 Anchor CC ID (or Index)
[0244] Bwp-ID BWP-ID
[0245] ReferenceSignal Choice {
[0246] CSI-RS NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceID
[0247] SSB SSB-Index
[0248] } .
[0249] Qcl-type {typeA, typeB, typeC, typeD} ,
[0250] …
[0251] }
[0252] As shown in information element 1, the TCI state may include TCI state ID, QCL-Type1 information element, and one or more additional QCL-Type information elements (e.g., QCL-Type2 information element (optional) . As aforementioned, the TCI state ID may correspond to a set of reference signals. The QCL-Type1 information element and one or more additional QCL-Type information elements may carry QCL-Info which includes QCL-related parameters. When the set of reference signals has a single type of QCL relationship (e.g., QCL-TypeA) , the QCL-Type1 information element may carry QCL-Info related to Type A) and additional QCL-Type information elements may be omitted. When the set of reference signals has more than one QCL relationship (e.g., QCL-TypeA and additional QCL-TypeD) , the QCL-Type1 information element may carry QCL-Info related to Type A) and the additional QCL-Type information elements may carry QCL-Info related to QCL-TypeD. For example, the QCL-Info may include Uni-C ID, CC ID1, CC ID2, BWP ID, reference signal parameters and QCL type, etc. UE may obtain the frequency locations based on the Uni-C ID, CC ID1, CC ID2 and BWP ID. In some instances, the CC ID1 is the ID of serving CC (simplified expression as servCC) , the CC ID2 is the ID of anchor CC. The reference signal parameters may be reference signal index (or ID) (e.g., SSB index) , or reference signal resource ID (e.g., CSI-RS resource ID) . The QCL type may be QCL type A, B, C or D as aforementioned. For example, when reference signal parameters include the SSB and the CSI-RS and QCL type is QCL type D, that is, the SSB and the CSI-RS have a QCL relationship with type D. If the TCI state further includes another QCL relationship, the QCL-Type2 may carry QCL-Info which include QCL-related parameters of this QCL relationship.
[0253] Notably, the QCL-Info may further include two or more CC IDs because there may sets of reference signals mapped on two or more CCs have the relationship. In some instances, the CC ID (CC ID 1 and / or CC ID 2) may be replaced with an ID that is associated / assigned to the two or more CCs. This is not limited to this application.
[0254] The above information element1 shows what it will be like for the TCI state of the system. Firstly, the TCI state ID could be newly indexed. There is no such TCI state currently to show the QCL relationship with different carriers (e.g., Anchor CC or initial CC in the same Uni-CC) . For the QCL-Info, there will be shown two clear information about CC, the first CC and the second CC may have different frequency bands, but they may share the same TP or beams. So it will indicate the QCL relationship of the NZP-CSI-RS-Resource of the servCC (maybe within the same Uni-CC or not) and the SSB of Anchor CC.
[0255] For example, when the transmission is based on the CSI-RS, new TCI state and QCL relationship can be considered here. As the Anchor CC or the initial CC is always used for the UE measurement because the UE camped on the CC.A new TCI state that the Anchor CC and the transmitted CSI-RS can be QCL-A / B / C / D related.
[0256] Notably, as aforementioned, the QCLed reference signals may include various types reference signals, the CSI-RS and SSB in information element 1 are for illustrative purpose.
[0257] Without limitation, the NZP-CSI-RS can be changed to CSI-RS for connection management (CM) , CSI-RS for BM, tracking reference signal (TRS) , CSI-RS for mobility, or channel state information-interference measurement (CSI-IM) .
[0258] Without limitation, the CSI-RS can be changed to: DMRS for PDCCH, DMRS for PDSCH, PTRS for PDSCH, DMRS for PBCH, and so on.
[0259] Without limitation, the QCL relationship can also be the relationship of the serving CC’s CSI-RS with the anchor CC’s CSI-RS or DMRS, or other related signals.
[0260] The benefit of the QCL relationship: If the TCI state is activated by the network side and the UE have the information about the QCL relationship, the UE can use the information to reduce the detection and get more channel information. For example, if the UE knows the CSI-RS it will detect is QCL-typeD related to the SSB of anchor CC, and it could know the beam direction of the CSI-RS. So it would be easier for the UE to do beam detection. And if the UE has received some PDSCH on the anchor CC, and the PDSCH BW is larger than the CSI-RS it will detect, it can use the PDSCH RSRP to represent the channel.
[0261] In some implementations, referring to relationship#b, the first set of reference signals is associated with the first network node, and the second set of reference signals is associated with the second network node, and the configuration information indicates the first network node and the second network node. Thus, the UE can know that the sets of reference signals are from the first network node and the second network node.
[0262] Notably, in addition to the first set of reference signals and the second reference signals having a QCL relationship, these two sets reference signals may be also QCLed with a third set of reference signals (or more sets of reference signals) . The third set of reference signals may be transmitted by the first network node or the second network node, or it may be transmitted by another network node (e.g., a third network node) . This is not limited to this application.
[0263] Still referring to the relationship#b, in some instances, both the first network node and the second network node may be associated with at least one third carrier. The configuration information may further indicate the at least one third carrier, so that the UE can know which carrier (s) the sets of reference signals with QCL relationship are mapped on.
[0264] When the sets of reference signals are from different network nodes, the sets of reference signals are associated with sets of beams with different beam directions. In some instances, the configuration information may further indicate a first set of beams associated with the first set of reference signals and a second set of beams associated with the second set of reference signals. Thus, the UE can receive the sets of the reference signals based on the first set of beams and the second set of beams.
[0265] For example, FIG. 12 illustrates a schematic diagram of sets of reference signals transmitted by different network nodes. The TP#1 may transmit the first set of reference signals associated with a beam set that includes beam#a1 and beam#a2. The TP#2 may transmit the second set of reference signals associated with a beam set that includes beam#b1, beam#b2, beam#b3 and beam#b4.
[0266] Then, let’s consider more about the TCI state and QCL relationship, considering the reference signals (e.g., CSI-RS) from different TPs will come from different beams, and may be transmitted simultaneously. In some instances, the TCI state could cover all the QCL relationship of these two (or more than two) TPs. Or it will need more TCI states to cover all TPs, but the activated TCI state will be not enough. In some cases, there are general 8 TCI activated states monitoring for UE, if it needs more than 8 TPs measurement, the TCI states would not be enough.
[0267] In some implementations, the above QCL-related parameters may be included in the defined TCI state for the relationship#b. For example:
[0268] In the TCI state, there will be a new state like this (as shown in information element 2) :
[0269] Information element 2: Information of TCI state signaling for Multi-TP
[0270] TCI-State : : = {
[0271] Tci-stateID : ID#111
[0272] Qcl-Type1 : QCL-Info
[0273] Qcl-Type2 : QCL-Info
[0274] …
[0275] }
[0276] QCL-Info : : =
[0277] Uni-CCID1 Uni-CC ID1
[0278] CCID1 servCC ID (Index) (or it could be a set, which means in the TP, some CCs are QCL-related)
[0279] (CCID2 servCC ID (Index) ) if the TP1 transmits multi-CC and QCL related, could include
[0280] Bwp-ID1 BWP-ID1
[0281] TPID1 TPI D1
[0282] (Or beamID1 beam ID1) TP ID could be replaced by beam index #Ato #B
[0283] ReferenceSignal1 Choice {
[0284] CSI-RS NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceID
[0285] SSB SSB-Index
[0286] TPID2 TPID2
[0287] (Or beamID2 beam ID2) TPID could be replaced by beam index #Ato #B
[0288] ReferenceSignal2 Choice {
[0289] CSI-RS NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceID
[0290] SSB SSB-Index
[0291] } .
[0292] Qcl-type1 {typeA, typeB, typeC, typeD} ,
[0293] Qcl-type2 {typeA, typeB, typeC, typeD} ,
[0294] …
[0295] }
[0296] As shown in information element 2, the TCI state may include TCI state ID, QCL-Type1 information element, and one or more additional QCL-Type information elements (e.g., QCL-Type2 information element (optional) . As aforementioned, the TCI state ID may correspond to a set of reference signals. The QCL-Type1 information element and one or more additional QCL-Type information elements may carry QCL-Info which includes QCL-related parameters. When the set of reference signals has a single type of QCL relationship (e.g., QCL-TypeA) , the QCL-Type1 information element may carry QCL-Info related to Type A) and additional QCL-Type information elements may be omitted. When the set of reference signals has more than one QCL relationship (e.g., QCL-TypeA and additional QCL-TypeD) , the QCL-Type1 information element may carry QCL-Info related to Type A) and the additional QCL-Type information elements may carry QCL-Info related to QCL-TypeD. For example, the QCL-Info may include Uni-C ID, CC ID, BWP ID, TP1-related parameters, TP2-related parameters and QCL type. The TP1-related parameters may include one or more of: TP ID, beam ID, and reference signal parameter, etc. Similarly, the TP2-related parameters may include one or more of: TP ID, beam ID, and reference signal parameters, etc. The QCL type may be QCL type A, B, C or D as aforementioned. UE can know frequency locations of the sets of reference signals based on Uni-C ID, CC ID1, CC ID2 and BWP ID. The detailed description can be referred to the description in information element 1. UE can know the TPs based on the TP IDs.
[0297] Notably, the beams associated with the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals may be assigned / associated with IDs (represented by beam IDs) . In some instances, the beam IDs may be associated with the corresponding network node (e.g., TP IDs) respectively. Thus, the QCL-Info may include TP IDs and beam IDs. Alternatively, the QCL-Info may include beam IDs, UE can further know the TPs based on the beam IDs and the association between the beam IDs and TPs.
[0298] The network side which indicates to transmitted CSI-RS could be an Initial Access CC, or an Anchor Carrier, or a serving Carrier or a shared CC which is indicated by the operator and own by other operators. The beam index of the CC or the TP could be possible limited to index from 1 to N or from N+1 to 2N or from 2N+1~3N. N is a positive integer. This is because there will be lots of TP out there, so it needs to give the beam of SSB an index in the overall TPs. In case while the UE do other TP or beams measurement and report together, it is possible that the beams can not be separated. So, the index should be related to CC-ID or Uni-CC ID.
[0299] The beam index for the different TP is similar as SSB. So No further discussion here.
[0300] There are two possible ways to solve this problem. The first one is defining the SSB / DMRS in PBCH based on the ID of the CC, or Uni-CC, or CC groups. And indicate the beams under the same value with different index, For example, for TP1: beams index from 1 to N; for TP2, from N+1 to 2N; for TP3, from 2N+1 to 3N.
[0301] The second way is to make the index relate to the value of Uni-CC ID or CC-ID or CC group ID, which need to indicate in the pre-configured signaling. For example, the beam index of N beams of a Uni-C can be expressed as:
[0302] (Uni-CC_ID-1) *N+1~ Uni-CC_ID*N
[0303] There is another benefit there if we set the index relate to the Uni-CC ID. The generation of the SSB / DMRS in PBCH would be quite easy, and the UE can generate once to do all the measurements under the same ID.
[0304] The above information element (information element 2) shows what it may be like for the TCI state of the system. Firstly, the TCI state ID could be newly indexed. There is no such TCI state currently to show the QCL relation with different network nodes. And for the QCL-Info, there may be shown two clear information about CC, the first TP index or index through the beam index, and the second TP index or index through the beam index. So it will indicate the QCL relationship of the NZP-CSI-RS-Resource of the servCC (maybe within the same Uni-CC or not) and the SSB of Anchor CC of the TP1, and at the same time, indicate the QCL relationship of the NZP-CSI-RS-Resource of the servCC (maybe within the same Uni-CC or not) and the SSB of Anchor CC of the TP2. Considering the number of TPs there, it may include more than 2 TPs information in one TCI state.
[0305] Notably, as aforementioned, the QCLed reference signals may include various types reference signals, the CSI-RS and SSB in information element 1 are for illustrative purpose.
[0306] Without limitation, the NZP-CSI-RS can be changed to CSI-RS for CM, CSI-RS for BM, TRS, CSI-RS for mobility, or CSI-IM.
[0307] Without limitation, the CSI-RS can be changed to: DMRS for PDCCH, DMRS for PDSCH, PTRS for PDSCH, DMRS for PBCH, and so on.
[0308] Without limitation, the QCL relationship can also be the relationship of the serving CC’s CSI-RS with the anchor CC’s CSI-RS or DMRS, or other related signals.
[0309] In some implementations, referring to relationship#c, the first set of reference signals is associated with the first network node, the second set of reference signals is associated with the second network node, the first network node is associated with at least one fourth carrier, and the second network node is associated with at least one fifth carrier. That is, the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals may be associated with different network nodes and different carriers.
[0310] In some instances, a fourth set of carriers (e.g., a fourth Uni-C) may include the at least one fourth carrier and the at least one fifth carrier. The configuration information may indicate the fourth set of carriers. In some other instances, a fifth set of carriers (e.g., a fifth Uni-C) may include the at least one fourth carrier, and a sixth set of carriers (e.g., a sixth Uni-C) may include the at least one fifth carrier. The configuration information may indicate the fifth set of carriers and the sixth set of carriers. That is, the carriers associated with QCLed sets of reference signals may be located in the same Uni-C or different Uni-Cs. The UE can detect these CCs based on the Uni-C ID (s) and CC IDs.
[0311] In some implementations, the above QCL-related parameters may be included in the defined TCI state for the relationship#c. For example:
[0312] In the TCI state, there will be a new state like this (as shown in information element 3) :
[0313] Information element 3: Information of TCI state signaling for Multi-TP
[0314] TCI-State : : = {
[0315] Tci-stateID : ID#111
[0316] Qcl-Type1 : QCL-Info
[0317] Qcl-Type2 : QCL-Info
[0318] …
[0319] }
[0320] QCL-Info : : =
[0321] Uni-CCID1 Uni-CC ID1
[0322] (Uni-CCID2 Uni-CC ID2) same Uni-CC only has one, two Uni-CC may have two
[0323] TPID1 TPI D1
[0324] (Or beamID1 beam ID1) TP ID could be replaced by beam index #Ato #B
[0325] CCID1 servCC ID (Index) (or it could be a set, which means in the TP, some CCs are QCL-related)
[0326] (CCID2 servCC ID (Index) ) if the TP1 transmits multi-CC and QCL related, could include
[0327] Bwp-ID1 BWP-ID1
[0328] ReferenceSignal1 Choice {
[0329] CSI-RS NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceID
[0330] SSB SSB-Index
[0331] TPID2 TPID2
[0332] (Or beamID2 beam ID2) TPID could be replaced by beam index #Ato #B
[0333] CCID3 servCC ID Index
[0334] (CCID4 servCC ID Index) if the TP2 transmit multi-CC and QCL related, could include
[0335] Bwp-ID2 BWP-ID2
[0336] ReferenceSignal2 Choice {
[0337] CSI-RS NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceID
[0338] SSB SSB-Index
[0339] } .
[0340] Qcl-type1 {typeA, typeB, typeC, typeD} ,
[0341] Qcl-type2 {typeA, typeB, typeC, typeD} ,
[0342] …
[0343] }
[0344] As shown in information element 3, the TCI state may include TCI state ID, QCL-Type1 information element, and one or more additional QCL-Type information elements (e.g., QCL-Type2 information element (optional) . As aforementioned, the TCI state ID may correspond to a set of reference signals. The QCL-Type1 information element and one or more additional QCL-Type information elements may carry QCL-Info which includes QCL-related parameters. When the set of reference signals has a single type of QCL relationship (e.g., QCL-TypeA) , the QCL-Type1 information element may carry QCL-Info related to Type A) and additional QCL-Type information elements may be omitted. When the set of reference signals has more than one QCL relationship (e.g., QCL-TypeA and additional QCL-TypeD) , the QCL-Type1 information element may carry QCL-Info related to Type A) and the additional QCL-Type information elements may carry QCL-Info related to QCL-TypeD. For example, the QCL-Info may include Uni-C ID, TP1-related parameters, TP2-related parameters and QCL type. The TP1-related parameters may include one or more of: TP ID, beam ID, CC ID, BWP ID, reference signal parameters and QCL type, etc. Similarly, the TP2-related parameters may include one or more of: TP ID, beam ID, CC ID, BWP ID, reference signal parameters and QCL type, etc. The QCL type may be QCL type A, B, C or D as aforementioned. UE can know TPs based on TP IDs and the frequency locations based on the corresponding Uni-C ID, CC ID1, CC ID2 and BWP ID. The detailed description can be referred to the description in information element 1 and information element 2.
[0345] Notably, information element 3 illustrates a TCI state that includes TP1-related parameters and TP2-related parameters, and the TP1 and TP2 may be associated with the same Uni-C or different Uni-Cs. When the TPs are associated with different Uni-Cs (e.g., the TP1 is associated with Uni-C#1, the TP2 is associated with Uni-C#2) , a TCI state that includes Uni-C1-related parameters and Uni-C2-related parameters may be designed for the relationship#c.
[0346] For example, FIG. 13 illustrates another schematic diagram of sets of reference signals transmitted by different network nodes. The TP#1 and TP#2 are associated with different Uni-Cs.
[0347] In the TCI state, there will be a new state like this (as shown in information element 4) :
[0348] Information element 4: Information of TCI state signaling for Multi-TP
[0349] TCI-State : : = {
[0350] Tci-stateID : ID#111
[0351] Qcl-Type1 : QCL-Info
[0352] Qcl-Type2 : QCL-Info
[0353] …
[0354] }
[0355] QCL-Info : : =
[0356] Uni-CCID1 Uni-CCID1
[0357] TPID1 TPID1
[0358] (Or beamID1 beamID1) TPID could be replaced by beam index #Ato #B
[0359] CCID1 servCCIDIndex (or it could be a set, which means in the TP, some CCs are QCL-related)
[0360] (CCID2 servCCIDIndex) if the TP1 transmit multi-CC and QCL related, could include
[0361] Bwp-ID1 BWP-ID1
[0362] ReferenceSignal1 Choice {
[0363] CSI-RS NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceID
[0364] SSB SSB-Index
[0365] Uni-CCID2 Uni-CCID2
[0366] TPID2 TPID2
[0367] CCID3 servCCIDIndex
[0368] (CCID4 servCCIDIndex) if the TP2 transmit multi-CC and QCL related, could include
[0369] Bwp-ID2 BWP-ID2
[0370] ReferenceSignal2 Choice {
[0371] CSI-RS NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceID
[0372] SSB SSB-Index
[0373] } .
[0374] Qcl-type1 {typeA, typeB, typeC, typeD} ,
[0375] Qcl-type2 {typeA, typeB, typeC, typeD} ,
[0376] …
[0377] }
[0378] As shown in information element 4, the TCI state may include TCI state ID, QCL-Type1 information element, and one or more additional QCL-Type information elements (e.g., QCL-Type2 information element (optional) . As aforementioned, the TCI state ID may correspond to a set of reference signals. The QCL-Type1 information element and one or more additional QCL-Type information elements may carry QCL-Info which includes QCL-related parameters. When the set of reference signals has a single type of QCL relationship (e.g., QCL-TypeA) , the QCL-Type1 information element may carry QCL-Info related to Type A) and additional QCL-Type information elements may be omitted. When the set of reference signals has more than one QCL relationship (e.g., QCL-TypeA and additional QCL-TypeD) , the QCL-Type1 information element may carry QCL-Info related to Type A) and the additional QCL-Type information elements may carry QCL-Info related to QCL-TypeD. For example, the QCL-Info may include Uni-C1-related parameters, Uni-C2-related parameters and QCL type. The Uni-C1-related parameters may include one or more of: Uni-C ID, TP ID, beam ID, CC ID, BWP ID, reference signal parameters and QCL type, etc. Similarly, the Uni-C2-related parameters may include one or more of: Uni-C ID, TP ID, beam ID, CC ID, BWP ID, reference signal parameters and QCL type, etc. The QCL type may be QCL type A, B, C or D as aforementioned. UE can know TPs based on TP IDs and the frequency locations based on the corresponding Uni-C ID, CC ID1, CC ID2 and BWP ID. The detailed description can be referred to the description in information elements 1-3.
[0379] The above information element 4 shows what it may be like for the TCI state of the system. Firstly, the TCI state ID could be newly indexed. There is no such TCI state currently to show the QCL relation with different carriers and different network nodes. And for the QCL-Info, there will be shown two clear information about CC, the first TP index or index through the beam index, and the second TP index or index through the beam index. So it will indicate the QCL relationship of the NZP-CSI-RS-Resource of the servCC (maybe within the same Uni-CC or not) and the SSB of Anchor CC of the TP1, and at the same time, indicate the QCL relationship of the NZP-CSI-RS-Resource of the servCC (maybe within the same Uni-CC or not) and the SSB of Anchor CC of the TP2. Considering the number of TPs there, it may include more than 2 TPs information in one TCI state.
[0380] Notably, the above newly designed TCI states are only for illustrative purpose, QCL-related parameters included in a TCI state may be depended on the kind of the QCL relationship. Alternatively, a new parameter set that carriers the QCL-related parameters may be designed. This is not limited to this application.
[0381] In some implementations, the first set of reference signals is associated with the first network node, and the second set of reference signals is associated with the second network node, a time resource associated with the first set of reference signals partially or fully overlaps with a time resource associated with the second set of reference signals. A time resource within each of the sets of physical resources partially or fully overlap, that is, the time resource can be shared by the sets of reference signals, making full use of time resources. The terminal receives the sets of reference signals that are mapped on the sets of physical resources, improving the utilization of resources. In other words, at least two of the sets of reference signals are for simultaneous transmission. The simultaneous transmission with two or more network nodes mentioned in this application may refer to: at least one time unit (or time period) is used for the two or more network nodes to send signaling to the same UE. The time unit (or time period) may be various granularity, for example, a symbol, a slot or other defined time duration. For example, when the time unit is a symbol of granularity, the first set of reference signals may be transmitted using symbol#1, symbol#2, symbol#3 and symbol#4, and the second set of reference signals may be transmitted using symbol#1 and symbol#2.
[0382] In some implementations, the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals are associated with a same carrier,
[0383] For example, when these two (or more) sets of reference signals are transmitted simultaneously and associated with the same carrier, these two sets of reference signals may be port division. Thus, although UE receives the two or more sets of reference signals associated with the same carrier simultaneously, the UE could distinguish the two or more sets of reference signals. In some instances, the port division may be implemented by code-division multiplexed (CDM) technology or frequency-division multiplexed (FDM) technology. For example, the first set of reference signals is CDM with the second set of reference signals, or the first set of reference signals is FDM with the second set of reference signals.
[0384] In a Multi-TP case, there is a possible that multiple network nodes are near the UE and can service the UE at the same time. So the network side can configure the UE with measurements from these multiple network nodes. The multiple nodes may share the same CC-ID, but the beams are from different directions.
[0385] Apart from the beams we need to indicate, we also need to consider the CSI-RS with the same CC ID but in different directions simultaneously. Because the CSI-RS (or other reference signals) with same CC-ID may share the same DMRS.
[0386] One choice for the case is that signals from TP1 and TP2 may be TDM. At the time T1, the UE receives the beam from TP1, and at the time T2, the UE receives the beam from TP2.
[0387] But this way costs time. So a better way is to receive the beams from TPs simultaneously.
[0388] So it would need the signals from different TPs to do CDM groups or FDM to make it orthogonal. One choice is that the TP1 and TP2 can be FDM. These CSI-RS (or other reference signals) could not be collided to each other.
[0389] Another could be similar to the CDM and FDM ways as in NR standard. For example, here is a figure to show CDM for signals. As shown in FIG. 14, the signals in SC=0, symbol index {2, 3} can multiply an OCC sequence. For the TP1, it can multiply by OCC= [1 1] . For the TP2, it can multiply by OCC= [1 -1] . So the receiver would be able to distinguish them easily.
[0390] As shown in FIG. 12. For FDM case, the first TP may transmit at SCn0 n2 n4…, and the second TP may transmit at SCn1 n3 n5….
[0391] Above all, these cases show that the beams in different TPs may have different Ports.
[0392] In some implementations, the configuration information further indicates switching time associated with the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals, and the switching time includes one or more of: beam switching time, frequency switching time.
[0393] Notably, there may be a variety of types of switching time. For a first example, beam switching time may be defined as intra-carrier switching time. As an example, a beam set#a includes beam#a1 and beam#a2 and is associated with a single carrier, switching time between beam#a1 and beam#a2 may be the intra-carrier switching time. Carrier switching time may be defined as inter-carrier switching time, where the carriers may be located in the same frequency range (FR) . As an example, a beam set#a is associated with carrier#a, a beam set#b includes beam#b1 and beam#b2 and is associated with carrier#b, and the carrier#a and carrier#b are located in the same FR. The beam#a1, beam#a2, beam#b1 and beam#b2 may be transmitted sequentially, and switching time between beam#a2 and beam#b1 may be the carrier switching time. FR switching time may be defined as inter-FR switching time. As an example, the beam set#a is associated with carrier#a, the beam set#b is associated with carrier#b, the carrier#a and carrier#b are located in different FRs, switching time between beam#a2 and beam#b1 may be the FR switching time. In some examples, the carrier switching time and the FR switching time may be referred to as frequency switching time in general.
[0394] The beam switching time, frequency switching time may be predefined or preconfigured. For example, the configuration information further indicates switching time associated with the sets of reference signals. Thus, the network side and the UE can align the transmission time of sets of reference signals through the switching time, ensuring reliable reception of the sets of reference signals.
[0395] In some implementations, the sets of beams are configured based on a capability of an apparatus that receives the sets of reference signals, and the capability indicates the number of beams that support simultaneous transmission. For example, the capability information may indicate the maximum number of beams that UE supports receiving simultaneously. The sets of beams could be configured not to exceed the capability of the terminal, improving transmission reliability.
[0396] For example, in some cases, the TPs may from (be associated with) different Uni-Cs, which means they may come from (be associated with) different frequencies. For example, TP1 is from (associated with) the sub-3Ghz and meanwhile, the TP2 is from (associated with) the 20Ghz. In this case, the TP1 and TP2 may transmit based on the UE capability. If the UE can receive the different frequencies simultaneously, the TR1 and TP2 can transmit the SSB (or other reference signals) to UE simultaneously. How many beams to transmit depends on the UE capability. And it should not be beyond the capability bandwidth if the UE has the limit. If there is no UE capability reported, the TP1 and TP2 within (associated with) different frequencies may send the SSB separately. Then, the UE could receive them separately.
[0397] In some implementations, each TP, CC, or Uni-C may be associated with a transmit power. The configuration information may further indicate the transmit power. For illustrative purpose, transmit power designed for each TP (each TP is associated with a Uni-C) is given as an example.
[0398] For example, a power offset for different TPs / CCs / CC groups / Uni-Cs may be defined. As different TPs could have different transmit power, especially for different CC cases (different TPs are associated with different carriers) .
[0399] For example, for Uni-C ID1 the frequency band 1, we can assume that the transmit power is 23dBm power. This value can be known while the UE is connected with the CC before, for example, while accessing.
[0400] For example, FIG. 15 illustrates a schematic diagram of transmit power according to embodiments of this application. There are two offsets that need to be known, first one is the offset value of the same TP with other Uni-C or CC groups. It can use the original 23dBm as a reference and use an offset to transmit the real power. The offset needs to be sent to the UE, we can define it as A, then, the CSI-RS (or other reference signals) can be transmitted as 23+A dBm. Or the Offset can be set as the other TP that need to be measured. For example, the TP3, as the TP3 may not serve the UE before, so it is hard to get the transmit power of the TP3 while transmitting. So the network side can tell the UE the power offset B dB compared with the Anchor CC CSI-RS, and send the CSI-RS at the Power level at 23+B dBm.
[0401] In some implementations, the configuration information may indicate work duration associated with one or more carriers associated with the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals, and / or one or more network nodes associated with the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals. The work duration (or work period) may refer to the time duration when a network node or a CC is in a state (or mode) capable of transmitting reference signals. Or the work duration may refer to the time duration when a network node is in a non-power-saving mode (e.g., connected mode, active mode, etc) . The time duration may be also known as active duration, non-power-saving duration, connected duration, or other names. The work duration may be indicated in a variety of ways. For example, it can be indicated by a time duration of being in a state (or mode) capable of transmitting reference signals; or indicated by starting time of a power-saving mode; or indicated by ending time of a power-saving mode; or indicated by a time duration of a power-saving mode; or a combination thereof. This is not limited to this application.
[0402] For example, FIG. 16 illustrates a schematic diagram of network side powering on / off according to embodiments of this application. There is also a possibility that TP#2 will turn off at the time T1, and the information is already told to the UE in pre-configured signaling. The UE will stop to measure the signals from the TP#2 or Uni-C#2 after time T1 until new information comes that the TP2 will open at a certain time. There is also a possibility that the TP#2 will turn on at the time T1, it maybe a new TP or new Uni-C ID or CC-ID for UE, and the information is already told to the UE in pre-configured signaling (e.g., configuration information) . And the UE will receive the information that comes from TP2 from the given time T1, and do a report after T1.
[0403] The UE can obtain the one or more above parameters (e.g., the parameter that indicates the relationship, the parameter that indicates switching time, the parameter that indicates the transmit power, the parameter that indicates the work duration, etc. ) in a variety of ways. The above parameters may be pre-defined based on the application scenario; or be determined by the UE as a function of parameters that are known by the UE; or be signaled, e.g., by the configuration information; or a combination thereof.
[0404] The configuration information may be included in physical broadcast channel (PBCH) ; or in physical layer control signaling such as DCI; or in radio resource control (RRC) signaling; or in the medium access control (MAC) layer; or a combination thereof. This is not limited to this application.
[0405] For example, we figure out the procedure for the CSI-RS (or other RS) transmission with an accessed operator. The CSI-RS (or other RS) transmission of network side transmits to UE which index the configuration can go through such as RRC, MAC-CE, DCI, or a combination thereof may be used to allocate one or more anchor carriers for the UE. The UE may be allocated anchor carriers that are indicated by one or more Uni-Cs and / or CC IDs for DL and UL communications, respectively.
[0406] In some implementations, a default value of a parameter may be pre-defined or pre-configured. When the configuration information does not carry a value of this parameter, the UE can assume that this parameter takes the default value.
[0407] According to the above solution, a relationship between the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals is defined, where the relationship indicates that a first parameter set associated with the first set of reference signals can be inferred from a second parameter set associated with the second set of reference signals. For example, sets of reference signals associated with the first carrier and the second carrier may have the relationship, and / or sets of reference signals associated with the first network node or the second network node may have the relationship. The parameter set that can be inferred does not require additional indication or configuration, reducing resource overhead.
[0408] As aforementioned, the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals may be transmitted by the same or different network nodes. For illustrative purpose, FIG. 17 illustrates a flow chart of transmitting with the same network node according to embodiments of this application. The network node may be illustrated as TP#1.
[0409] Optionally, at step 1710, the TP#1 transmits request information to UE.
[0410] The request information may request capability information.
[0411] For example, the serving operator (TP#1 of operator A in an example) could transmit the indicating signaling of UE capability (i.e., the request information) to the UE. Correspondingly, the UE could receive the indicating signaling information (i.e., the request information) from its serving operator (TP#1 of operator A in this example) . In some implementations, the signaling can be sent through the anchor CC of the serving operator, or the serving CC the UE camped (although not illustrated) , or the initial access CC the UE accessed (although not illustrated) .
[0412] Optionally, at step 1720, the UE transmits capability information to TP#1.
[0413] For example, the UE does the capability report (i.e., the capability information) to TP#1, through the Anchor CC or the served CC the UE camped, or the uplink Anchor CC, or the uplink served CC the UE UL camped. The capability report (i.e., the capability information) could include the formats in 1st level reporting, or parts of formats in 1st level reporting and with the 2nd level capability report. If not transmitted format, the TP#1 could consider it as a default value.
[0414] At step 1730, the TP#1 transmits configuration information to UE.
[0415] The configuration information indicates a relationship between a first set of reference signals and a second set of reference signals, and the relationship indicates that a first parameter set associated with the first set of reference signals is inferred from a second parameter set associated with the second set of reference signals.
[0416] For example, the serving operator (TP#1) achieved the UE capability report (i.e., the capability information) . From it, the TP#1 may know some information about the UE can measured Uni-Cs and / or other information. Based on the UE capability, the serving operator (TP#1) may schedule the measurement resource for the UE. It can choose some sets of the knowledges that the UE need to know to transmission. The first part is the information that the UE must know. Which include the information such as:
[0417] The Uni-C IDs the measurement will be sent;
[0418] The CC IDs of the mentioned Uni-CC IDs the measurement will be sent;
[0419] The detailed information of each CC ID: bandwidth part (BWP) , and RBGs or RBs, start frequency, start symbol, symbols / slots numbers, half frame index, frame index;
[0420] The period of signals for each CC ID;
[0421] The simultaneous transmission information.
[0422] As a different part, in order to make the measurement more accurate, or more meet the need of the network side, or more effectively, the TP#1 could send the UE a second part of information, such as :
[0423] The priority information for measurement and / or reporting;
[0424] The inter-CC or inter-frequency transmission simultaneously considering part overlap;
[0425] The port index for some channel reference signals;
[0426] Beam numbers and / or beam index for each CC;
[0427] The report CC information;
[0428] The transmit power offset from different Uni-C;
[0429] QCL relation between some beams of measurement signals and other reference signals.
[0430] At step 1740, the TP#1 transmits first set of reference signals to UE.
[0431] At step 1750, the TP#1 transmits second set of reference signals to UE.
[0432] The UE performs channel measurements on the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals.
[0433] By knowing the information sent by the TP#1, the UE would do the measurement based on the pre-configured signals. If the UE is active model, it would use the CSI-RS (or other RS) to do the measurement.
[0434] FIG. 18 illustrates a flow chart of transmitting with the different network nodes according to embodiments of this application. The network nodes may be illustrated as TP#1 and TP#2.
[0435] Optionally, at step 1810, the TP#1 transmits request information to UE.
[0436] The request information may request capability information.
[0437] The detailed description can be referred to step 1710.
[0438] Optionally, at step 1820, the UE transmits capability information to TP#1.
[0439] The detailed description can be referred to step 1720.
[0440] At step 1830, the TP#1 transmits configuration information to UE.
[0441] Optionally, the TP#1 transmits configuration information to TP#2. Thus, the TP#2 can know that it needs to transmit the second set of reference signals. The detailed description can be referred to step 710 and step 1730.
[0442] At step 1840, the TP#1 transmits first set of reference signals to UE.
[0443] At step 1850, the TP#2 transmits second set of reference signals to UE.
[0444] The UE performs channel measurements on the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals. The detailed description can be referred to step 720.
[0445] Notably, as aforementioned, although not illustrated, these two sets reference signals may be also both QCLed with a third set of reference signals (or more sets of reference signals) . The third set of reference signals (or more sets of reference signals) may be transmitted by the TP#1, TP#2 or another TP. This is not limited in this application.
[0446] In embodiments of this application, a TCI state for indicating the Uni-CC / CC groups / CCs / TPs will be introduced and forward to UE, for example:
[0447] Include Uni-CC ID;
[0448] Include CC-ID or CC ID set;
[0449] The QCL relation could come from different CCs;
[0450] The QCL relation could come from the same TP;
[0451] The QCL relation could exist one state at least for each TP;
[0452] Each TCI state could include at least one TP QCL relation;
[0453] Each TCI state can include multiple TP QCL relationships, and better if it covers all QCL relationships for each transmission;
[0454] a power offset for different TP / CC / CC group / Uni-CC;
[0455] The network side indicates the CSI-RS (or other RS) transmission could be an Initial Access CC, or an Anchor Carrier, or a serving Carrier or a shared CC which is indicated by the operator and own by other operators. The beam index of the CC or the TP should be related to CC-ID or Uni-CC ID or beam index of each TP should be transmitted to the UE;
[0456] Beam direction (which means beam index) for different CC could be the same while CC IDs which are sending simultaneously;
[0457] the CSI-RS (or other RS) of those CCs want to be processed together;
[0458] the CSI-RS (or other RS) frequency gap could not beyond the UE capability.
[0459] In the communication system proposed in the application, at the scheduling level, the network side can schedule multiple network nodes for UE, making the resource scheduling more flexible.
[0460] The most important feature / benefits of the application would be :
[0461] 1. Power on / off for some of network nodes, and the network side can do power saving.
[0462] The scheduling of network node granularity makes the UE does not depend on a single network node so that the network nodes can be in power saving mode.
[0463] 2. More cooperation network nodes, more / better choice for UE.
[0464] The multiple network nodes can collaborate to serve UE.
[0465] 3. Coverage network node (or carrier) , capacity network node (or carrier) could be set as a service network node (or carrier) : enable the UE camped on a certain service network node with large coverage or capacity.
[0466] For example, the configuration information indicates UE to transmit measurement information to a network node associated with a coverage CC (or coverage Uni-C) or a capacity CC (or capacity Uni-C) , enabling reliable first capability information transmission.
[0467] 4. Decouple the control link and data link.
[0468] For example, the configuration information may be transmitted via control link (e.g., the control link between TP#6 and UE#3) , and measurement information may be transmitted via data link (e.g., the data link between TP#3 and UE#3) . The control link and the data link do not need to be bound to the same network node, making the resource scheduling more flexible.
[0469] 5. Decouple the DL and UL.
[0470] The UE can communicate with various types of network nodes, uplink and downlink may be associated with the same or different network nodes, so that the uplink and downlink can be decoupled. DL and UL do not need to be bound to the same network node, making the resource scheduling more flexible.
[0471] As aforementioned, the network node resource management method may involve UE’s capability, measurement configuring and measurement. Detailed description of the method for measurement configuring is given in the above implementations. Brief description of general network node resource management method is further given below.
[0472] Measurement and Reporting:
[0473] Based on a UC-CF network architecture, a new measurement and reporting procedure need to be designed, where content includes but is not limited to the following:
[0474] 1. The UE reports its capabilities, including which TP-ID, hyper configure ID or (optional) CCs and TP sets or hyper configured ID sets or Uni-CCs that the UE can measure and wants to measure.
[0475] 2. Based on a capability of the UE, an operator pre-configures measurement information and resources for the UE. The measurement information is based on TP sets or hyper configured ID sets or Uni-CC or a CC-ID.
[0476] 3. The configurations of TRPs which will prepare resources for the UE to do measurements are prepared. The TRPs send the measurement resources to the UE at the pre-configured time, through SSB / PDCCH / PDSCH / CSI-RS / ….
[0477] 4. The UE performs measurement based on preconfigured measurement and resources. And report of these measurements is reported to the service TP / CC.
[0478] 5. New measurement indication are send to UE through RRC / MAC CE / DCI, which could include new Uni-CC / CC group / CC measurement, and the change of CCs information, or new period and measurement information.
[0479] 6. The UE performs a new round of reporting based on measurement. And report of these measurements is reported to the service TP / CC.
[0480] 7. Based on the reported information, the base station schedules resources to the UE for service.
[0481] Overall procedure for measurement
[0482] In some embodiment, we discuss the overall procedure for measurement and reporting. We figure out the procedure for the UE measurement with an accessed operator. The signaling of the operator transmits to UE which index the configuration can go through such as RRC, MAC-CE, DCI, or a combination thereof may be used to allocate one or more anchor carriers for the UE. The UE may be allocated anchor carriers that are indicated by one or more Uni-Cs and / or CC IDs for DL and UL communications, respectively.
[0483] Step1: UE capability report
[0484] The serving operator (TP#1 of operator A in this example) could transmit the indicating signaling of UE capability to the UE. Correspondingly, the UE could receive the indicating signaling information from its serving operator (TP#1 of operator A in this example) . The signaling can be sent through the anchor CC of the serving operator, or the serving CC the UE camped, or the initial access CC the UE accessed.
[0485] The UE could do the 1st level capability report to the network side, through the Anchor CC or the served CC the UE camped, or the uplink Anchor CC, or the uplink served CC the UE UL camped. The capability report could include the formats in 1st level reporting, or parts of formats in 1st level reporting. If not transmitted format, the network side could consider it as a default value.
[0486] The serving operator achieved the 1st level report. From it, the network side may know some information about the UE can measure: Uni-Cs and / or other information. The serving operator continues to send the indication signaling of UE 2nd level capability report request to the UE. The signaling may be in the same CC with the 1st level capability request. For example, same Anchor CC. The network side may send the 2nd level capability report request to the UE, which may include which formats need to be reported, the index of formats, the UL CC the UE sent the information to, it may default, and the UE will send the 2nd level report through the CC same as the 1st level report.
[0487] The UE could do the 2nd level capability report to the network side, through the Anchor CC or the served CC the UE camped, or the uplink Anchor CC, or the uplink served CC the UE UL camped. The capability report could include the formats in 2nd level reporting, or parts of formats in 2nd level reporting. If not transmitted format, the network side could consider it as a default value.
[0488] Step2: DL Signaling: Pre-configure Uni-C and CC groups for measurement.
[0489] The Uni-C IDs the measurement will be sent.
[0490] The CC IDs of the mentioned Uni-C IDs the measurement will be sent.
[0491] The detailed information of each CC ID: bandwidth part (BWP) , RBGs, RBs, start frequency, start symbol, symbols / slots numbers, half frame index, frame index, etc.
[0492] The period of signals for each CC ID.
[0493] The simultaneous transmission information.
[0494] The priority information for measurement and / or reporting.
[0495] The inter-CC or inter-frequency transmission simultaneously considering part overlap.
[0496] The port index for some channel reference signals.
[0497] Beam numbers or beam index for each CC
[0498] The report CC information.
[0499] The transmit power offset from different Uni-C.
[0500] Step3-1: Measurement based on the idle / inactive model.
[0501] UE behave, do the SSB measurement, and achieve the CC’s information, i.e. RSRPs.
[0502] Step3-2: Measurement based on the active model
[0503] UE behaves, does the CSI-RS / PDCCH / PDSCH DMRS / SRS measurement, and achieves the CC’s information, e.g. RSRPs.
[0504] Step4: UE reports for the measurement.
[0505] Based on the measurement, the UE would report some sets of indexes of CCs RSRPs to the network side.
[0506] Step5: Signaling changing for the renew information.
[0507] Based on the reporting, some CC may need further measurements, or some of service CC need to power on or power Off, or the UE is moving, so there is a need for further measurements. The network side will send the UE changing of measurement through signaling.
[0508] Step6: Renewed transmission with pre-configured resource.
[0509] The network side sent the signal to the UE with renewed resource.
[0510] Step7: UE reports for the measurement.
[0511] Step8: Based on the information UE report, some detailed information is given for Data transmission or other cases.
[0512] The methods according to embodiments of this application are described above in detail with reference to FIGs. 6-18. The apparatuses provided in embodiments of this application are described below in detail with reference to FIGS. 6-18. The description of apparatus embodiments corresponds to the description of the method embodiments. Therefore, for content that is not described in detail, refer to the foregoing method embodiments. For brevity, details are not described herein again.
[0513] As aforementioned in FIG. 4, the apparatus 410 may be configured to perform actions performed by the UE in the foregoing method embodiments. In this case, the apparatus 410 may be the UE or a component that can be configured in the UE.
[0514] The apparatus 410 may implement steps or procedures performed by the UE in FIGs. 6-18 according to embodiments of this application. The apparatus 410 may include units configured to perform the method performed by the UE in FIGs. 6-18. In addition, the units in the communication apparatus 410 and the foregoing other operations and / or functions are separately used to implement corresponding procedures in FIGS. 6-18.
[0515] Alternatively, the apparatus 410 may be configured to perform actions performed by the network side (network node) in the foregoing method embodiments. In this case, the apparatus 410 may be the network side (network node) or a component that can be configured in the network side (network node) .
[0516] The apparatus 410 may implement steps or procedures performed by the network side (network node) in FIGs. 6-18 according to embodiments of this application. The apparatus 410 may include units configured to perform the method performed by the network side (network node) in FIGs. 6-18. In addition, the units in the communication apparatus 410 and the foregoing other operations and / or functions are separately used to implement corresponding procedures in FIGs. 6-18.
[0517] Alternatively, the apparatus 410 may be configured to perform actions performed by the third device in the foregoing method embodiments. In this case, the apparatus 410 may be the third device or a component that can be configured in the third device.
[0518] The apparatus 410 may implement steps or procedures performed by the third device in FIGs. 6-18 according to embodiments of this application. The apparatus 410 may include units configured to perform the method performed by the third device in FIGs. 6-18. In addition, the units in the communication apparatus 410 and the foregoing other operations and / or functions are separately used to implement corresponding procedures in FIGs. 6-18.
[0519] A specific process in which the units perform the foregoing corresponding steps is described in detail in the foregoing method embodiments. For brevity, details are not described herein again.
[0520] As aforementioned in FIG. 5, the methods in the foregoing method embodiments are executed by the apparatus 510.
[0521] In some embodiments, the apparatus 510 may be a UE or a component (e.g., a chip, a circuit, or a processing system) that can be configured in the UE; or the communication apparatus 510 may be a network side (network node) or a component (e.g., a chip, a circuit, or a processing system) that can be configured in the network side (network node) ; or the communication apparatus 510 may be a third device or a component (e.g., a chip, a circuit, or a processing system) that can be configured in the third device.
[0522] In a solution, the apparatus 510 is configured to perform the operations performed by the UE in the foregoing method embodiments.
[0523] For example, the processor unit 511 may be configured to perform a processing-related operation performed by the UE in the foregoing method embodiments, and the communication unit 513 may be configured to perform a communicating-related (e.g., receiving / transmitting-related) operation performed by the UE in the foregoing method embodiments.
[0524] In another solution, the apparatus 510 is configured to perform the operations performed by the network side (network node) in the foregoing method embodiments.
[0525] For example, the processor unit 511 may be configured to perform a processing-related operation performed by the network side (network node) in the foregoing method embodiments, and the communication unit 513 may be configured to perform a communicating-related (e.g., receiving / transmitting-related) operation performed by the network side (network node) in the foregoing method embodiments.
[0526] In another solution, the apparatus 510 is configured to perform the operations performed by the third device in the foregoing method embodiments.
[0527] For example, the processor unit 511 may be configured to perform a processing-related operation performed by the third device in the foregoing method embodiments, and the communication unit 513 may be configured to perform a communicating-related (e.g., receiving / transmitting-related) operation performed by the third device in the foregoing method embodiments.
[0528] An embodiment of this application further provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions used to implement the method performed by the UE, or the method performed by the network side (network node) or the method performed by the third device in the foregoing method embodiments.
[0529] For example, when the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer may be enabled to implement the method performed by the UE, or the method performed by the network side (network node) , or the method performed by the third device in the foregoing method embodiments.
[0530] An embodiment of this application further provides a computer program product including instructions. When the instructions are executed by a computer, the computer is enabled to implement the method performed by the UE, or the method performed by the network side (network node) , or the method performed by the third device in the foregoing method embodiments.
[0531] An embodiment of this application further provides a communication system. The communication system includes the UE and the network side (network node) in the foregoing embodiments. Optionally, the communication system further includes the third device in the foregoing embodiments.
[0532] For explanations and beneficial effects of related content of any communication apparatus provided above, refer to a corresponding method embodiment provided above. Details are not described herein again.
[0533] A person of ordinary skill in the art may be aware that, in combination with the examples described in embodiments disclosed in this specification, units and methods may be implemented by electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are performed by hardware or software depends on particular applications and design constraints of the technical solutions. A person skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for each particular application, but it should not be considered that the implementation goes beyond the protection scope of this application.
[0534] It should be noted that the term “receive” or “receiving” used herein may refer to receiving or otherwise obtaining from an element / component in same apparatus or from another device separate from the apparatus. Similarly, the term “transmit” or “transmitting” may refer to outputting or sending to / for an element / component in same apparatus or to / for another device separate from the apparatus. For example, any of the methods / procedures described herein may be performed by a chipset, in which case any sending or receiving steps may occur between elements of the chipset.
[0535] It may be clearly understood by a person skilled in the art that, for the purpose of convenient and brief description, for a detailed working process of the foregoing apparatus and unit, refer to a corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment. Details are not described herein again.
[0536] In the several embodiments provided in this application, the disclosed apparatuses and methods may be implemented in other manners. For example, the described apparatus embodiment is merely an example. For example, division into the units is merely logical function division and may be other division in an actual implementation. For example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not performed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections may be implemented through some interfaces. The indirect couplings or communication connections between the apparatuses or units may be implemented in electronic forms, mechanical forms, or other forms.
[0537] The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one position, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected based on an actual requirement to implement the solutions provided in this application.
[0538] In addition, function units in embodiments of this application may be integrated into one unit, or each of the units may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
[0539] In the present disclosure, the terms “a” or “an” are defined to mean “at least one” , that is, these terms do not exclude a plural number of items, unless stated otherwise.
[0540] In the present disclosure, terms such as “substantially” , “generally” and “about” , which modify a value, condition or characteristic of a feature of an example embodiment, should be understood to mean that the value, condition or characteristic is defined within tolerances that are acceptable for the proper operation of the example embodiment for its intended application.
[0541] In the present disclosure, unless stated otherwise, the terms “connected” and “coupled” , and derivatives and variants thereof, refer herein to any structural or functional connection or coupling, either direct or indirect, between two or more elements. For example, the connection or coupling between the elements can be acoustical, mechanical, optical, electrical, thermal, logical, or any combinations thereof.
[0542] In the present disclosure, expressions such as “match” , “matching” and “matched” , including variants and derivatives thereof, are intended to refer herein to a condition in which two or more elements are either the same or within some predetermined tolerance of each other. That is, these terms are meant to encompass not only “exactly” or “identically” matching the two elements but also “substantially” , “approximately” or “subjectively” matching the two or more elements, as well as providing a higher or best match among a plurality of matching possibilities.
[0543] In the present disclosure, the expression “based on” is intended to mean “based at least partly on” , that is, this expression can mean “based solely on” or “based partially on” , and so should not be interpreted in a limited manner. More particularly, the expression “based on” could also be understood as meaning “depending on” , “representative of” , “indicative of” , “associated with” or similar expressions.
[0544] In the present disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably in different embodiments of this application. "At least one" means one or more, and "a plurality of" means two or more. The term "and / or" describes an association relationship of associated objects, and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may indicate the following three cases: Only A exists, both A and B exist, and only B exists, where A and B may be singular or plural. The character " / " indicates an "or" relationship between associated objects. "At least one of the following items (pieces) " or a similar expression thereof indicates any combination of these items, including a single item (piece) or any combination of a plurality of items (pieces) . For example, "at least one of A, B, or C" includes: only A; only B; only C; A and B; A and C; B and C; or A, B, and C, and "at least one of A, B, and C" may also be understood as including: only A; only B; only C; A and B; A and C; B and C; or A, B, and C. In addition, unless otherwise specified, ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" in embodiments of this application are used to distinguish between a plurality of objects, and are not used to limit a sequence, a time sequence, priorities, or importance of the plurality of objects.
[0545] A person skilled in the art should understand that embodiments of this application may be provided as a method, an apparatus (or system) , computer-readable storage medium, or a computer program product. Therefore, this application may use a form of a hardware-only embodiment, a software-only embodiment, or an embodiment with a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, this application may use a form of a computer program product that is implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to a disk memory, an optical memory, and the like) that include computer-usable program code.
[0546] This application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the method, the device (system) , and the computer program product according to this application. It should be understood that computer program instructions may be used to implement each process and / or each block in the flowcharts and / or the block diagrams and a combination of a process and / or a block in the flowcharts and / or the block diagrams. The computer program instructions may be provided for a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, an embedded processor, or a processor of another programmable data processing device and enable a machine to execute the instructions. When executed by any computer or the processor of a programmable data processing device, the instructions cause the apparatus to implement specific functions as described in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or one or more blocks in the block diagrams. The computer program instructions may alternatively be stored in a computer-readable memory that can indicate a computer or another programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory generate an artifact that includes an instruction apparatus. The instruction apparatus implements a specific function in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or one or more blocks in the block diagrams.
[0547] The computer program instructions may alternatively be loaded onto a computer or another programmable data processing device, so that a series of operations and steps are performed on the computer or the another programmable device, so that computer-implemented processing is generated. Therefore, the instructions executed on the computer or on another programmable device provide steps for implementing specific functions as described in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or one or more blocks in the block diagrams.
[0548] It is clear that a person skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope of this disclosure. This disclosure is intended to cover these modifications and variations of this application provided that they fall within the scope of protection defined by the following claims and their equivalent technologies.
[0549] The present disclosure encompasses various embodiments, including not only method embodiments, but also other embodiments such as apparatus embodiments and embodiments related to non-transitory computer readable storage media. Embodiments may incorporate, individually or in combinations, the features disclosed herein.
[0550] Although this disclosure refers to illustrative embodiments, this is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Various modifications and combinations of the illustrative embodiments, as well as other embodiments of the disclosure, will be apparent to persons skilled in the art upon reference to the description.
[0551] Features disclosed herein in the context of any particular embodiments may also or instead be implemented in other embodiments. Method embodiments, for example, may also or instead be implemented in apparatus, system, and / or computer program product embodiments. In addition, although embodiments are described primarily in the context of methods and apparatus, other implementations are also contemplated, as instructions stored on one or more non-transitory computer-readable media, for example. Such media could store programming or instructions to perform any of various methods consistent with the present disclosure.
Claims
1.A communication method, comprising:receiving configuration information, wherein the configuration information indicates a relationship between a first set of reference signals and a second set of reference signals, and the relationship indicates that a first parameter set associated with the first set of reference signals is inferred from a second parameter set associated with the second set of reference signals; andperform channel measurements on the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals based on the relationship; whereinthe first set of reference signals is associated with a first carrier, and the second set of reference signals is associated with a second carrier; and / orthe first set of reference signals is associated with a first network node, and the second set of reference signals is associated with a second network node.2.The method according to claim 1, wherein the configuration information comprises a transmission configuration indication (TCI) that indicates the relationship.3.The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first set of reference signals is associated with the first carrier, and the second set of reference signals is associated with the second carrier, and the configuration information further indicates the first carrier and the second carrier.4.The method according to claim 3, wherein a first set of carriers comprises the first carrier and the second carrier, and the configuration information further indicates the first set of carriers.5.The method according to claim 3, wherein a second set of carriers comprises the first carrier, a third set of carriers comprises the second carrier, and the configuration information further indicates the second set of carriers and the third set of the carriers.6.The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first set of reference signals is associated with the first network node, and the second set of reference signals is associated with the second network node, and the configuration information indicates the first network node and the second network node.7.The method according to claim 6, wherein the configuration information further indicates at least one third carrier, and the at least one third carrier is associated with both the first network node and the second network node.8.The method according to claim 6, wherein the configuration information further indicates at least one fourth carrier and at least one fifth carrier, the at least one fourth carrier is associated with the first network node, and the at least one fifth carrier is associated with the second network node.9.The method according to claim 8, wherein the configuration information further indicates a fourth set of carriers, the fourth set of carriers comprises the at least one fourth carrier and the at least one fifth carrier.10.The method according to claim 8, wherein the configuration information further indicates a fifth set of carriers and a sixth set of carriers, the fifth set of carriers comprises the at least one fourth carrier, the sixth set of carriers comprises the at least one fifth carrier.11.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein one of at least one carrier associated with the first set of reference signals and at least one carrier associated with the second set of reference signals is an initial access carrier, an anchor carrier or a serving carrier.12.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the first set of reference signals comprises channel state information-reference signals, demodulation reference signals, or phase-tracking reference signals; and the second reference signals comprise channel state information-reference signals, demodulation reference signals, or phase-tracking reference signals.13.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the relationship is a Quasi co-located relationship.14.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the first parameter set indicates a first set of beams, and the second parameter set indicates a second set of beams.15.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the first set of reference signals is associated with the first network node, and the second set of reference signals is associated with the second network node, a time resource associated with the first set of reference signals partially or fully overlaps with a time resource associated with the second set of reference signals.16.The method according to claim 15, wherein the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals are associated with a same carrier, and the first set of reference signals is code-division multiplexed with the second set of reference signals, or the first set of reference signals is frequency-division multiplexed with the second set of reference signals.17.The method according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the configuration information further indicates switching time associated with the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals, and the switching time comprises one or more of: beam switching time, frequency switching time.18.A communication method, comprising:generating configuration information, wherein the configuration information indicates a relationship between a first set of reference signals and a second set of reference signals, and the relationship indicates that a first parameter set associated with the first set of reference signals is inferred from a second parameter set associated with the second set of reference signals; andtransmitting the configuration information; whereinthe first set of reference signals is associated with a first carrier, and the second set of reference signals is associated with a second carrier; and / orthe first set of reference signals is associated with a first network node, and the second set of reference signals is associated with a second network node.19.The method according to claim 18, wherein the method further comprises:transmitting the first set of reference signals and / or the second set of reference signals.20.The method according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the configuration information comprises a transmission configuration indication (TCI) that indicates the relationship.21.The method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein the first set of reference signals is associated with the first carrier, and the second set of reference signals is associated with the second carrier, and the configuration information further indicates the first carrier and the second carrier.22.The method according to claim 21, wherein a first set of carriers comprises the first carrier and the second carrier, and the configuration information further indicates the first set of carriers.23.The method according to claim 21, wherein a second set of carriers comprises the first carrier, a third set of carriers comprises the second carrier, and the configuration information further indicates the second set of carriers and the third set of the carriers.24.The method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein the first set of reference signals is associated with the first network node, and the second set of reference signals is associated with the second network node, and the configuration information indicates the first network node and the second network node.25.The method according to claim 24, wherein the configuration information further indicates at least one third carrier, and the at least one third carrier is associated with both the first network node and the second network node.26.The method according to claim 24, wherein the configuration information further indicates at least one fourth carrier and at least one fifth carrier, the at least one fourth carrier is associated with the first network node, and the at least one fifth carrier is associated with the second network node.27.The method according to claim 26, wherein the configuration information further indicates a fourth set of carriers, the fourth set of carriers comprises the at least one fourth carrier and the at least one fifth carrier.28.The method according to claim 26, wherein the configuration information further indicates a fifth set of carriers and a sixth set of carriers, the fifth set of carriers comprises the at least one fourth carrier, the sixth set of carriers comprises the at least one fifth carrier.29.The method according to any one of claims 18 to 28, wherein one of at least one carrier associated with the first set of reference signals and at least one carrier associated with the second set of reference signals is an initial access carrier, an anchor carrier or a serving carrier.30.The method according to any one of claims 18 to 29, wherein the first set of reference signals comprises channel state information-reference signals, demodulation reference signals, or phase-tracking reference signals; and the second reference signals comprise channel state information-reference signals, demodulation reference signals, or phase-tracking reference signals.31.The method according to any one of claims 18 to 30, wherein the relationship is a Quasi co-located relationship.32.The method according to any one of claims 18 to 31, wherein the first parameter set indicates a first set of beams, and the second parameter set indicates a second set of beams.33.The method according to any one of claims 18 to 32, wherein the first set of reference signals is associated with the first network node, and the second set of reference signals is associated with the second network node, a time resource associated with the first set of reference signals partially or fully overlaps with a time resource associated with the second set of reference signals.34.The method according to claim 33, wherein the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals are associated with a same carrier, and the first set of reference signals is code-division multiplexed with the second set of reference signals, or the first set of reference signals is frequency-division multiplexed with the second set of reference signals.35.The method according to claim 33 or 34, wherein the configuration information further indicates switching time associated with the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals, and the switching time comprises one or more of: beam switching time, frequency switching time.36.A communication method, comprising:receiving configuration information, wherein the configuration information indicates a Quasi co-located relationship between a first set of reference signals and a second set of reference signals; andperforming channel measurements on the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals based on the relationship; whereinthe first set of reference signals is associated with a first carrier, and the second set of reference signals is associated with a second carrier; and / orthe first set of reference signals is associated with a first network node, and the second set of reference signals is associated with a second network node.37.A communication method, comprising:receiving configuration information, wherein the configuration information indicates at least one set of carriers associated with one or more sets of reference signals, each of the set of carriers comprises one or more carriers, and the each of the set of carriers is associated with at least one public land mobile network (PLMN) ; andreceiving the at least one set of reference signals.38.A communication method, comprising:generating configuration information, wherein the configuration information indicates at least one set of carriers associated with one or more sets of reference signals, each of the set of carriers comprises one or more carriers, and the each of the set of carriers is associated with at least one public land mobile network (PLMN) ; andtransmitting the configuration information.39.A communication apparatus, configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, 18 to 35, 36, 37 or 38.40.The communication apparatus of claim 39, wherein comprising:receiving unit, configured to receive configuration information, wherein the configuration information indicates a relationship between a first set of reference signals and a second set of reference signals, and the relationship indicates that a first parameter set associated with the first set of reference signals is inferred from a second parameter set associated with the second set of reference signals; andperforming unit, configured to perform channel measurements on the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals based on the relationship; whereinthe first set of reference signals is associated with a first carrier, and the second set of reference signals is associated with a second carrier; and / orthe first set of reference signals is associated with a first network node, and the second set of reference signals is associated with a second network node.41.The communication apparatus of claim 39, comprising:generating unit, configured to generate configuration information, wherein the configuration information indicates a relationship between a first set of reference signals and a second set of reference signals, and the relationship indicates that a first parameter set associated with the first set of reference signals is inferred from a second parameter set associated with the second set of reference signals; andtransmitting unit, configured to transmit the configuration information; whereinthe first set of reference signals is associated with a first carrier, and the second set of reference signals is associated with a second carrier; and / orthe first set of reference signals is associated with a first network node, and the second set of reference signals is associated with a second network node.42.The communication apparatus of claim 39, comprising:receiving unit, configured to receive the configuration information indicates a Quasi co-located relationship between a first set of reference signals and a second set of reference signals; andperforming unit, configured to perform channel measurements on the first set of reference signals and the second set of reference signals based on the relationship; whereinthe first set of reference signals is associated with a first carrier, and the second set of reference signals is associated with a second carrier; and / orthe first set of reference signals is associated with a first network node, and the second set of reference signals is associated with a second network node.43.The communication apparatus of claim 39, comprising:receiving unit, configured to receive configuration information, wherein the configuration information indicates at least one set of carriers associated with one or more sets of reference signals, each of the set of carriers comprises one or more carriers, and the each of the set of carriers is associated with at least one public land mobile network (PLMN) ; andthe receiving unit, further configured to receive the at least one set of reference signals.44.The communication apparatus of claim 39, comprising:generating unit, configured to generate configuration information, wherein the configuration information indicates at least one set of carriers associated with one or more sets of reference signals, each of the set of carriers comprises one or more carriers, and the each of the set of carriers is associated with at least one public land mobile network (PLMN) ; andtransmitting unit, configured to transmit the configuration information.45.The communication apparatus of claim 39, comprising:one or more processors, configured to perform processing step according to any one of claims 1 to 17, 18 to 35, 36, 37 or 38;an interface circuit, configure to perform transmitting or receiving step according to any one of claims 1 to 17, 18 to 35, 36, 37 or 38.46.The communication apparatus of claim 45, the interface circuit comprises one or more transceivers.47.An apparatus comprising:one or more processors; anda memory storing instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to: perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 17, 18 to 35, 36, 37 or 38.48.A communication system, wherein the communication system comprises a first communication apparatus configured to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 17 and a second communication apparatus configured to perform the method of any one of claims 18 to 35.49.A communication system, wherein the communication system comprises a first communication apparatus configured to perform the method of claim 37 and a second communication apparatus configured to perform the method of claim 38.50.A computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon which, when executed by apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of 1 to 17, 18 to 35, 36, 37 or 38.51.A computer program product having instructions which, when executed, cause an apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 17, 18 to 35, 36, 37 or 38.
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