Terminal, communication method, and base station

Abstract

A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure is characterized by comprising: a reception unit that receives information for setting one path loss (PL) offset or a plurality of PL offsets to be applied to a plurality of sounding reference signal (SRS) resources; and a control unit that determines transmission power for the plurality of SRS resources on the basis of the one PL offset or the plurality of PL offsets. According to the one aspect of the present disclosure, UL transmission can be appropriately controlled even when transmission / reception points are arranged at high density.

Description

Terminal, wireless communication method and base station

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system.

[0002] Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been specified for the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network with the aim of achieving higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Also, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) has been specified with the aim of achieving higher capacity and more advanced features than LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] Successor systems to LTE (e.g., 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 or later, etc.) are also being considered.

[0004] 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010

[0005] In future wireless communication systems, technologies (e.g., cell-free) that can increase the density of Transmit / Receive Point (TRP) placement per cell may be applied. In order to achieve ideal synchronization between multiple TRPs / Access Points (APs) in a dense TRP placement, UL transmission / configuration (e.g., Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) transmission / configuration) for synchronization compensation of multiple TRPs / APs is being considered.

[0006] However, it is unclear how to implement UL transmission / configuration (especially SRS transmission / configuration) in a dense TRP deployment. If SRS transmission / configuration in a dense TRP deployment is not properly implemented, the SRS coverage may be degraded and ideal synchronization between multiple TRPs / APs may not be achieved.

[0007] Therefore, one of the objects of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station that can appropriately control UL transmission even when transmission and reception points are densely arranged.

[0008] A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure is characterized by having a receiving unit that receives information for setting one path loss (PL) offset or multiple PL offsets to be applied to multiple sounding reference signal (SRS) resources, and a control unit that determines transmission power for the multiple SRS resources based on the one PL offset or the multiple PL offsets.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, UL transmission can be appropriately controlled even when transmission and reception points are densely arranged.

[0010] 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating an overview of MIMO. FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating an overview of a cellular system. FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating an overview of a cell-free system. FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating an example of an overview of Assumption 1 of a cell-free configuration. FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating an example of an overview of Assumption 2 of a cell-free configuration. FIG. 3C is a diagram illustrating another example of an overview of Assumption 2 of a cell-free configuration. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a case in which an SRS is transmitted. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a case in which one SRS resource is configured. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a case in which multiple SRS resources are configured. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a case in which multiple SRS resources are configured. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a case in which multiple SRS resources are configured. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of hardware configurations of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment.

[0011] (TCI, spatial relationship, QCL) In NR, the reception processing (e.g., at least one of reception, demapping, demodulation, and decoding) and transmission processing (e.g., at least one of transmission, mapping, precoding, modulation, and encoding) of at least one of a signal and a channel (referred to as signal / channel) in the UE are controlled based on the transmission configuration indication state (TCI state).

[0012] The TCI state may represent that which is applied to a downlink signal / channel, and the equivalent of the TCI state that is applied to an uplink signal / channel may be expressed as a spatial relation.

[0013] The TCI state is information about the Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) of signals / channels, and may also be called spatial reception parameters, spatial relation information, etc. The TCI state may be configured in the UE for each channel or signal.

[0014] The QCL is an index indicating the statistical properties of signals / channels. For example, if a signal / channel has a QCL relationship with another signal / channel, it may mean that it can be assumed that at least one of a Doppler shift, a Doppler spread, an average delay, a delay spread, and a spatial parameter (e.g., a spatial Rx parameter) is the same between these different signals / channels (i.e., the signals / channels have a QCL with respect to at least one of these).

[0015] The spatial reception parameters may correspond to a reception beam (e.g., a reception analog beam) of the UE, and the beam may be identified based on a spatial QCL. The QCL (or at least one element of the QCL) in the present disclosure may be replaced with sQCL (spatial QCL).

[0016] A plurality of types of QCLs (QCL types) may be defined. For example, four QCL types A to D may be provided, each having different parameters (or parameter sets) that can be assumed to be the same.

[0017] The UE's assumption that a Control Resource Set (CORESET), channel, or reference signal has a specific QCL (e.g., QCL type D) relationship with another CORESET, channel, or reference signal may be referred to as a QCL assumption.

[0018] The UE may determine at least one of a transmit beam (Tx beam) and a receive beam (Rx beam) for a signal / channel based on the TCI condition or QCL assumption of the signal / channel.

[0019] The TCI state may be, for example, information about the QCL between the channel of interest (in other words, the Reference Signal (RS) for that channel) and another signal (e.g., another RS). The TCI state may be set (indicated) by higher layer signaling, physical layer signaling, or a combination thereof.

[0020] The physical layer signaling may be, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI).

[0021] The channel for which the TCI state or spatial relationship is set (specified) may be, for example, at least one of a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)), and an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)).

[0022] Furthermore, the RS that has a QCL relationship with the channel may be, for example, at least one of a synchronization signal block (SSB), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a sounding reference signal (SRS), a tracking CSI-RS (also called a tracking reference signal (TRS)), and a QCL detection reference signal (also called a QRS).

[0023] An SSB is a signal block including at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS), and a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH). An SSB may also be referred to as an SS / PBCH block.

[0024] An RS of QCL type X in a TCI state may refer to an RS that has a QCL type X relationship with a certain channel / signal (DMRS), and this RS may be called a QCL source of QCL type X in the TCI state.

[0025] (Unified / Common TCI Framework) The unified TCI framework allows multiple types of channels / RSs (UL / DL) to be controlled by a common framework. The unified TCI framework does not specify TCI states or spatial relationships for each channel as in Rel. 15. Instead, it may specify a common beam (common TCI state) and apply it to all UL and DL channels, or it may apply a common beam for UL to all UL channels and a common beam for DL ​​to all DL channels.

[0026] One common beam for both DL and UL, or one common beam for DL ​​and one common beam for UL (two common beams overall) are considered.

[0027] The UE may assume the same TCI state for UL and DL (joint TCI state, joint TCI pool, joint common TCI pool, joint TCI state set). The UE may assume different TCI states for UL and DL (separate TCI state, separate TCI pool, UL separate TCI pool and DL separate TCI pool, separate common TCI pool, UL common TCI pool and DL common TCI pool).

[0028] The default beams for UL and DL may be aligned via MAC CE based beam management (MAC CE level beam indication). The default TCI state of the PDSCH may be updated to align with the default UL beam (spatial relationship).

[0029] DCI-based beam management (DCI-level beam indication) may indicate a common beam / unified TCI state from the same TCI pool for both UL and DL (joint common TCI pool, joint TCI pool, set). X (>1) TCI states may be activated by the MAC CE. The UL / DL DCI may select one from the X active TCI states. The selected TCI state may apply to both UL and DL channels / RS.

[0030] The TCI pool (set) may be multiple TCI states configured by RRC parameters, or multiple TCI states (active TCI states, active TCI pools, sets) activated by MAC CE among the multiple TCI states configured by RRC parameters. Each TCI state may be a QCL type A / D RS. SSB, CSI-RS, or SRS may be configured as the QCL type A / D RS.

[0031] The number of TCI states corresponding to each of one or more TRPs may be specified. For example, the number N (≧1) of TCI states applied to UL channels / RSs (UL TCI states) and the number M (≧1) of TCI states applied to DL channels / RSs (DL TCI states) may be specified. At least one of N and M may be notified / configured / instructed to the UE via higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling.

[0032] RRC parameters (information elements) configure multiple TCI states for both DL and UL. MAC CE may activate multiple TCI states from the configured multiple TCI states. DCI may indicate one of the activated multiple TCI states. DCI may be UL / DL DCI. The indicated TCI state may apply to at least one (or all) of the UL / DL channels / RS. One DCI may indicate both UL TCI and DL TCI.

[0033] At least one of the multiple TCI states configured by the RRC parameters and the multiple TCI states activated by the MAC CE may be referred to as a TCI pool (common TCI pool, joint TCI pool, TCI state pool). The multiple TCI states activated by the MAC CE may be referred to as an active TCI pool (active common TCI pool).

[0034] In the present disclosure, higher layer parameters (RRC parameters) for setting multiple TCI states may be referred to as configuration information for setting multiple TCI states, or simply as "configuration information." Also, in the present disclosure, being instructed to set one of multiple TCI states using DCI may mean receiving indication information instructing one of the multiple TCI states included in DCI, or may simply mean receiving "instruction information."

[0035] The RRC parameters also configure multiple TCI states (joint common TCI pools) for both DL and UL. The MAC CE may activate multiple TCI states (active TCI pools) from the configured multiple TCI states. Separate active TCI pools for UL and DL may be configured / activated.

[0036] The DL DCI or a new DCI format may select (indicate) one or more (e.g., one) TCI states. The selected TCI state may apply to one or more (or all) DL channels / RSs. The DL channels may be PDCCH / PDSCH / CSI-RS. The UE may determine the TCI state of each DL channel / RS using the TCI state behavior (TCI framework) of Rel. 16. The UL DCI or a new DCI format may select (indicate) one or more (e.g., one) TCI states. The selected TCI state may apply to one or more (or all) UL channels / RSs. The UL channels may be PUSCH / SRS / PUCCH. In this way, different DCIs may indicate the UL TCI and the DL TCI separately.

[0037] It is assumed that in Rel. 17 NR and later, the MAC CE / DCI supports beam activation / indication to a TCI state associated with a different physical cell identifier (PCI), and in Rel. 18 NR and later, the MAC CE / DCI supports indicating a serving cell change to a cell with a different PCI.

[0038] <Channels / RSs to which the indicated TCI state in Rel. 17 is applied> The indicated TCI state by the MAC CE / DCI may be applied to the following UL channels / RSs: Note that, although not described below, the indicated TCI state may also be applied to any DL channels / RSs (PDCCH / PDSCH / CSI-RS).

[0039] <<PUCCH>> - For all dedicated PUCCH resources, the indication TCI state always applies.

[0040] <<PUSCH>> - For dynamic / configured grant PUSCH, the indication TCI state always applies.

[0041] <<SRS>> When the SRS resource set for the A-SRS used for beam management and the A / SP / P-SRS used for codebook (CB) / non-codebook (NCB) / antenna switching is configured to follow the unified TCI state, the indicated TCI state applies. For other SRSs, the configured TCI state in the SRS resource set applies.

[0042] <Channels / RSs to which the indicated TCI state applies in Rel. 18> When single DCI multi-TRP is applied, the indicated TCI state may be applied to the following channels / RSs: Note that, although not described below, the indicated TCI state may also be applied to any DL channels / RSs (PDCCH / PDSCH / CSI-RS).

[0043] In the following description, applyIndicatedTCIState={1st, 2nd, both} is a parameter indicating that the first TCI state, the second TCI state, or both the first TCI state and the second TCI state are applied.

[0044] <<PUCCH>> - applyIndicatedTCIState={1st, 2nd, both} is set for each PUCCH resource / PUCCH resource group.

[0045] <<PUSCH>> - For dynamic / configured grant PUSCH, the indicated TCI state is always applied. - For PUSCH scheduled / activated by DCI0_0, the first indicated TCI state is always applied. - For Type 1 CG PUSCH, applyIndicatedTCIState={1st,2nd,both} is set. - The SRS resource set indication field indicates one / both of the SRS resource sets used.

[0046] <<SRS>> When the SRS resource set for A-SRS used for beam management and A / SP / P-SRS used for codebook (CB) / non-codebook (NCB) / antenna switching is configured to follow the unified TCI state, applyIndicatedTCIState={1st,2nd,both} is set for each SRS resource set to indicate that the indicated TCI state applies. For other SRSs, the configured TCI state in that SRS resource set applies.

[0047] In the present disclosure, the terms "indicated TCI state," "unified TCI state," "TCI state applied to channels / signals configured to follow the unified TCI state," "TCI state applied to a UE-specific PDSCH and a CORESET / PDCCH associated with a USS," and "TCI state applied to a PUCCH and a PUSCH" may be interchangeable.

[0048] (Unified TCI Status for Multi-TRP in Rel. 18) In Rel. 18, the specification for unified TCI for multi-TRP has been extended. For example, in the case of multi-TRP with a single DCI, the UE may be indicated up to two joint TCIs or up to two sets of {DL TCI, UL TCI} by the RRC / MAC CE / DCI. In the case of multi-TRP with multi-DCI, the UE may be indicated one joint TCI or one set of {DL TCI, UL TCI} per coresetPoolIndex by the RRC / MAC CE / DCI. The indicated TCI applies to multiple UL / DL channels / RSs. The association of the first and second indicated TCIs with each UL / DL channel / RS may be predefined in the specification, configured by RRC signaling, or indicated by DCI.

[0049] (SRS) In NR, the use of the sounding reference signal (SRS) is diverse. NR's SRS is not only used for CSI measurement of the uplink (UL) used in the existing LTE (LTE Rel. 8-14), but also for CSI measurement of the downlink (DL), beam management, etc. It is also used.

[0050] A UE may be configured with one or more SRS resources, which may be identified by an SRS Resource Index (SRI).

[0051] Each SRS resource may have (correspond to) one or more SRS ports, for example, the number of ports per SRS may be 1, 2, 4, etc.

[0052] A UE may be configured with one or more SRS resource sets. One SRS resource set may be associated with a predetermined number of SRS resources. The UE may share higher layer parameters for the SRS resources included in one SRS resource set. Note that the term "resource set" in the present disclosure may be interpreted as a set, a resource group, a group, or the like.

[0053] Information regarding the SRS resource or resource set may be configured in the UE using higher layer signaling, physical layer signaling, or a combination thereof.

[0054] The SRS configuration information element (eg, the RRC information element "SRS-Config") may include an SRS resource set configuration information element, an SRS resource configuration information element, and the like.

[0055] The SRS resource set configuration information element (e.g., the RRC parameter "SRS-ResourceSet") may include an SRS resource set ID (Identifier) ​​(SRS-ResourceSetId), a list of SRS resource IDs (SRS-ResourceId) used in the resource set, an SRS resource type (resourceType), and information on SRS usage.

[0056] Here, the SRS resource type may indicate the time domain behavior of the SRS resource configuration, and may indicate any of periodic SRS (P-SRS), semi-persistent SRS (SP-SRS), and aperiodic SRS (A-SRS, AP-SRS). Note that the UE may transmit the P-SRS and SP-SRS periodically (or periodically after activation). The UE may transmit the A-SRS based on an SRS request in the DCI.

[0057] Furthermore, the use of the SRS ("usage" of the RRC parameter, "SRS-SetUse" of the L1 (Layer-1) parameter) may be, for example, beam management, codebook (CB), non-codebook (NCB), antenna switching, etc. For example, the SRS for codebook or non-codebook use may be used to determine a precoder for codebook-based or non-codebook-based uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) transmission based on the SRI.

[0058] The beam management SRS may be assumed to be transmitted at a given time instant only once for each SRS resource set, and multiple SRS resources in the same Bandwidth Part (BWP) that have the same time domain behavior may be transmitted simultaneously if they belong to different SRS resource sets.

[0059] The SRS resource configuration information element (e.g., the RRC parameter "SRS-Resource") may include an SRS resource ID (SRS-ResourceId), the number of SRS ports, the SRS port number, the number of transmission combs, SRS resource mapping (e.g., time and / or frequency resource position, resource offset, resource period, number of repetitions, number of SRS symbols, SRS bandwidth, etc.), hopping-related information, an SRS resource type, a sequence ID, spatial relationship information, etc.

[0060] The value of the transmission comb number (transmissionComb) is {2,4}. The number of SRS ports (nrofSRS-Ports) N ap SRS The value of is {1,2,4}. Antenna port number p i The value of is {1000, 1001, ...}. The number of consecutive OFDM symbols for SRS (nrofSymbols) N symb SRS The value of is {1,2,4}. The offset in symbols, l, counting backward in the time domain from the end of the slot to the start position in the time domain (startPosition). offset is {0,1,...5} and the starting position is l0=N symb slot -1-l offset is given by

[0061] The setting of the number of combs to be transmitted may include a comb offset and a cyclic shift (CS index, CS number).

[0062] comb offset (subcarrier offset) = {0,1,...K TC −1} and CS may be multiplexed using the same number of transmission combs, the same RB, and the same symbol.

[0063] The UE may switch the Bandwidth Part (BWP) for transmitting the SRS for each slot, or may switch the antenna, and may apply at least one of intra-slot hopping and inter-slot hopping to the SRS transmission.

[0064] In the existing SRS, p i Frequency domain starting position k0 for (p_i) p_i is given by the following equation A1: k0 p_i =k - 0 p_i +Σ b=0 BSRS K TC M SC,b SRS n b (A1)

[0065] where k - denotes the variable k with an overline, which may also be called k-bar. - 0 p_i is comb offset K - TC It may be based on K TC is the number of combs sent. M SC,b SRS is the SRS bandwidth m SRS,b n is the number of subcarriers used for SRS transmission within [RB]. b is a constant.

[0066] In the present disclosure, SRS, periodic SRS (P-SRS), semi-persistent SRS (SP-SRS), and aperiodic SRS (AP-SRS, A-SRS) may be read as interchangeable.

[0067] (Control of PUSCH Transmission Based on SRS) When the use of the SRS resource set is codebook-based transmission, the UE may determine a precoder (precoding matrix) for PUSCH transmission based on the SRI, a Transmitted Rank Indicator (TRI), and a Transmitted Precoding Matrix Indicator (TPMI). When the use of the SRS resource set is non-codebook-based transmission, the UE may determine a precoder for PUSCH transmission based on the SRI.

[0068] The spatial relationship information of the SRS (e.g., the RRC information element "spatialRelationInfo") may indicate spatial relationship information between a predetermined reference signal and the SRS. The predetermined reference signal may be at least one of a Synchronization Signal / Physical Broadcast Channel (SS / PBCH) block, a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), and an SRS (e.g., another SRS). The SS / PBCH block may be referred to as a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB).

[0069] The spatial relationship information of the SRS may include at least one of an SSB index, a CSI-RS resource ID, and an SRS resource ID as an index of the predetermined reference signal.

[0070] In the present disclosure, the SSB index, SSB resource ID, and SSB Resource Indicator (SSBRI) may be interchangeable. Furthermore, the CSI-RS index, CSI-RS resource ID, and CSI-RS Resource Indicator (CRI) may be interchangeable. Furthermore, the SRS index, SRS resource ID, and SRI may be interchangeable.

[0071] The spatial relationship information of the SRS may include a serving cell index, a BWP index (BWP ID), etc. corresponding to the predetermined reference signal.

[0072] When the UE is configured with spatial relationship information regarding the SRS and an SSB or CSI-RS for a certain SRS resource, the UE may transmit the SRS resource using the same spatial domain filter (spatial domain transmit filter) as the spatial domain filter for receiving the SSB or CSI-RS (spatial domain receive filter). In this case, the UE may assume that the UE receive beam for the SSB or CSI-RS and the UE transmit beam for the SRS are the same.

[0073] When the UE is configured with spatial relationship information between another SRS (reference SRS) and the target SRS for a certain SRS (target SRS), the UE may transmit the target SRS resource using the same spatial domain filter (spatial domain transmit filter) as the spatial domain filter (spatial domain transmit filter) for transmitting the reference SRS. That is, in this case, the UE may assume that the UE transmit beam of the reference SRS and the UE transmit beam of the target SRS are the same.

[0074] The UE may determine the spatial relationship of the PUSCH scheduled by the DCI (e.g., DCI format 0_1) based on the value of a predetermined field (e.g., an SRS resource identifier (SRI) field) in the DCI. Specifically, the UE may use spatial relationship information of the SRS resources (e.g., the RRC information element "spatialRelationInfo") determined based on the value of the predetermined field (e.g., the SRI) for PUSCH transmission.

[0075] In Rel. 15 / 16 NR, when codebook-based transmission is used for PUSCH, the UE is configured by RRC with an SRS resource set of a codebook usage having up to two SRS resources, and one of the up to two SRS resources may be indicated by DCI (a 1-bit SRI field). The transmission beam for PUSCH is specified by the SRI field.

[0076] The UE may determine the TPMI and the number of layers (transmission rank) for the PUSCH based on the precoding information and number of layers field (hereinafter also referred to as the precoding information field). The UE may select a precoder from an uplink codebook for the same number of SRS ports as the number of SRS ports indicated by the upper layer parameter "nrofSRS-Ports" configured for the SRS resource specified by the SRI field based on the TPMI, the number of layers, etc.

[0077] In Rel. 15 / 16 NR, when non-codebook-based transmission is used for PUSCH, a non-codebook-used SRS resource set having up to four SRS resources may be configured for the UE by RRC, and one or more of the up to four SRS resources may be indicated by DCI (a 2-bit SRI field).

[0078] The UE may determine the number of layers (transmission rank) for the PUSCH based on the SRI field. For example, the UE may determine that the number of SRS resources specified by the SRI field is the same as the number of layers for the PUSCH. The UE may also calculate a precoder for the SRS resources.

[0079] If a CSI-RS (which may be referred to as an associated CSI-RS) associated with the SRS resource (or an SRS resource set to which the SRS resource belongs) is configured by a higher layer, the transmission beam for the PUSCH may be calculated based on (measurements of) the configured associated CSI-RS. Otherwise, the transmission beam for the PUSCH may be specified by the SRI.

[0080] The UE may be configured to use codebook-based PUSCH transmission or non-codebook-based PUSCH transmission by a higher layer parameter "txConfig" indicating a transmission scheme. The parameter may indicate a value of "codebook" or "non-codebook."

[0081] In the present disclosure, a codebook-based PUSCH (codebook-based PUSCH transmission, codebook-based transmission) may refer to a PUSCH when a UE is configured with "codebook" as a transmission scheme. In the present disclosure, a non-codebook-based PUSCH (non-codebook-based PUSCH transmission, non-codebook-based transmission) may refer to a PUSCH when a UE is configured with "non-codebook" as a transmission scheme.

[0082] (UL Transmit Power) Regarding UL transmit power, the higher the transmit power, the more DL reception from more TRPs is possible and the more diversity gain can be obtained, but the more interference to nearby UEs may occur.

[0083] Reducing the transmit power reduces the number of TRPs that can be received in the DL, which may limit the gain of receive diversity, but improves the interference mitigation effect for nearby UEs.

[0084] <SRS Power Control> Using the index l of the power control adjustment state (closed loop state), the SRS transmission power (P ＳＲＳ、ｂ，ｆ，ｃ (i, q ｓ , l)) is P ＣＭＡＸ，ｆ，ｃ (i), P Ｏ＿ＳＲＳ，ｂ，ｆ，ｃ (q ｓ ), M ＳＲＳ，ｂ，ｆ，ｃ (i), α ＳＲＳ，ｂ，ｆ，ｃ (q ｓ ), P.L. ｂ，ｆ，ｃ (q ｄ ), h ｂ，ｆ，ｃ Based on (i, l), it is given by the following equation E1:

[0085] Furthermore, the SRS transmission opportunity i is a period during which the SRS is transmitted, and may be composed of, for example, one or more symbols, one or more slots, or the like.

[0086] Here, P ＣＭＡＸ，ｆ，ｃ (i) is, for example, the UE maximum output power for carrier f of serving cell c at SRS transmission opportunity i. P Ｏ＿ＳＲＳ，ｂ，ｆ，ｃ (q ｓ ) is the active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c and the SRS resource set q ｓ (provided by SRS-ResourceSet and SRS-ResourceSetId), and a parameter related to the target received power provided by p0 for (for example, a parameter related to the transmit power offset, also referred to as the transmit power offset P0 or the target received power parameter, etc.).

[0087] M ＳＲＳ，ｂ，ｆ，ｃ(i) is the SRS bandwidth in number of resource blocks for SRS transmission opportunity i on active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c and subcarrier spacing μ;

[0088] α ＳＲＳ，ｂ，ｆ，ｃ (q ｓ ) is the active UL BWP b of a serving cell c and carrier f with subcarrier spacing μ and an SRS resource set q ｓ and α (e.g., alpha) for

[0089] PL ｂ，ｆ，ｃ (q ｄ ) is the active DL BWP of serving cell c and the SRS resource set q ｓ and, for RS resource index q ｄ is the DL path loss estimate [dB] (path loss estimate [dB], path loss compensation) calculated by the UE using the RS resource index q ｄ is the SRS resource set q ｓ and a pathloss reference RS (pathloss reference RS, pathloss (PL)-RS, DL-RS for pathloss measurement, e.g., provided by pathlossReferenceRS) associated with the SS / PBCH block index (e.g., ssb-Index) or a CSI-RS resource index (e.g., csi-RS-Index).

[0090] If the UE is not provided with pathloss reference RSs (pathlossReferenceRSs) or before the UE is provided with individual upper layer parameters, the UE may use RS resources obtained from the SS / PBCH block used by the UE to acquire the MIB. ｂ，ｆ，ｃ (q ｄ ) is calculated.

[0091] h ｂ，ｆ，ｃ(i, l) is the SRS power control adjustment state for the active UL BWP of carrier f of serving cell c at SRS transmission opportunity i. If the SRS power control adjustment state configuration (e.g., srs-PowerControlAdjustmentStates) indicates the same power control adjustment state for SRS transmission and PUSCH transmission, the current PUSCH power control adjustment state f ｂ，ｆ，ｃ On the other hand, when the setting of the SRS power control adjustment state indicates independent power control adjustment states for SRS transmission and PUSCH transmission, the SRS power control adjustment state h ｂ，ｆ，ｃ (i) is δ ＳＲＳ，ｂ，ｆ，ｃ It may be based on (m).

[0092] If TPC accumulation is valid, h ｂ，ｆ，ｃ (i) is δ ＳＲＳ，ｂ，ｆ，ｃ It may be based on the cumulative value of (m).

[0093] If TPC accumulation is invalid, h ｂ，ｆ，ｃ (i) is δ ＳＲＳ，ｂ，ｆ，ｃ (i) (absolute value) may also be used.

[0094] where δ ＳＲＳ，ｂ，ｆ，ｃ (m) may be a TPC command value that is jointly coded with other TPC commands in a PDCCH having DCI (e.g., DCI format 2_3). m=0 C(Si)-1 δ SRS,b,f,c (m) is the SRS transmission opportunity i-i on the active UL BWP b of carrier f with serving cell c and subcarrier spacing μ. ０ K ＳＲＳ (i-i ０ )-1 symbol before and K ＳＲＳ (i) The cardinality C(S ｉ ) a set S of TPC command values ｉ may be the sum of the TPC commands in ０ is the SRS transmission opportunity i-i ０ K ＳＲＳ (i-i ０ )-1 symbols before is K ＳＲＳ(i) It may be the smallest positive integer that is earlier than the symbol before.

[0095] If the SRS transmission is aperiodic, K SRS (i) may be the number of symbols in the active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c after the last symbol of the corresponding PDCCH that triggers the SRS transmission and before the first symbol of the SRS transmission. If the SRS transmission is semi-persistent or periodic, K SRS (i) is the number of symbols per slot N in the active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c symb slot and the minimum value of the value provided by k2 in the PUSCH common configuration information (PUSCH-ConfigCommon). SRS,min It may also be the number of symbols.

[0096] (Cell-free) Existing wireless communication systems (e.g., 5G NR) have adopted a cellular system in which one cell is formed by one antenna / transmitting / receiving point (TRP). The area formed by the cell is a fixed / static area.

[0097] In addition, existing wireless communication systems (e.g., Rel. 16 and later) have introduced distributed multi-input multi-output (Distributed MIMO, e.g., multi-TRP using multiple TRPs), which forms a communication area using the coverage of multiple antennas / TRPs. Distributed MIMO allows simultaneous communication using multiple antennas / TRPs and communication using one antenna / TRP.

[0098] By adopting distributed MIMO, it is possible to create a more favorable line-of-sight environment and improve MIMO performance.

[0099] 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating an overview of MIMO. Fig. 1A illustrates an example of co-located MIMO. In co-located MIMO, one UE communicates with one antenna / TRP.

[0100] On the other hand, Figure 1B illustrates an example of distributed MIMO, in which one UE communicates with multiple antennas / TRPs in cooperation with each other.

[0101] In future wireless communication systems (e.g., Rel. 20 and later), the introduction of cell-free communication is being considered with the aim of further improving performance and energy efficiency through reducing interference between multiple antennas / TRPs, creating a line-of-sight environment for high-frequency use, improving frequency utilization efficiency throughout the system, and applying equal, high-quality communication to each user.

[0102] Self-Free may also be referred to as cell-free massive MIMO (mMIMO) or large-scale distributed MIMO (D-MIMO). Self-Free uses coherent cooperation of multiple access points. Self-Free may include at least one of ultra-dense deployment, scalable cooperation, user-centric clustering, super-carrier aggregation, and analog fronthaul. The user plane for cell-free may perform more flexible scheduling than existing scheduling. The control plane for cell-free may retain some form of cell to facilitate signaling.

[0103] In cell-free, unlike conventional cellular systems, one area (which may be called a cell / sub-cell, etc.) may be formed by multiple antennas / TRPs. In other words, the area may mean a cell that is independent of the location of the antenna / TRP.

[0104] In cell-free, the set of antennas / TRPs used to form a coverage area may be changed according to the needs of UEs. For example, the set of antennas / TRPs may be changed based on the number of UEs, the number of traffic, communication purposes (e.g., initial access, data communication, measurement, reporting, etc.), etc., rather than the coverage of the antennas / TRPs.

[0105] In other words, in cell-free, the coverage between multiple antennas / TRPs may overlap.

[0106] In cell-free mode, the direction in which a synchronization signal (which may also be called, for example, a synchronization signal block (SSB), a synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel (SS / PBCH) block, etc.) is transmitted may be controlled for each antenna / TRP.

[0107] In addition, in cell-free, a central unit (CU) / distributed unit (DU) may be virtualized for each antenna, or each antenna may be managed by only the CU.

[0108] Fig. 2A is a diagram showing an overview of a cellular system, in which cells formed by each antenna / TRP are shown, and UEs communicate based on these cells.

[0109] On the other hand, Figure 2B is a diagram showing an overview of a cell-free system. In the example shown in Figure 2B, the installed antennas / TRPs do not form fixed / static cells in a cellular system. As shown in Figure 2B, in a cell-free system, one or more antennas / TRPs form areas according to conditions. Therefore, in a cell-free system, each antenna / TRP does not need to correspond to the same physical cell ID, and the areas between multiple antennas / TRPs may overlap.

[0110] Self-regulation may be achieved, for example, by coordinating a set of antennas / TRPs controlled by a central control unit (e.g., CU).

[0111] In a cell-free system, a first cell (which may be called, for example, a cell / super cell / macro cell / large cell, etc.) with a fixed physical range like a cell in a 5G NR system, and a second cell (which may be called, for example, a subcell / area / micro cell / cell / small cell / second cell within the first cell, etc.) with a quasi-static / dynamic physical range that varies based on conditions may be formed.

[0112] For example, a first cell may be referred to as a supercell to distinguish it from a second cell. When a supercell is composed of multiple second cells, the second cells may have the same definition / operation / coverage as existing cells in NR. For example, a second cell may be referred to as a subcell to distinguish it from a first cell. When a supercell or a cell is composed of multiple subcells, the subcells may have the same definition / operation / coverage as existing cells in NR.

[0113] The first cell may be a cell that is newly defined in a future wireless communication system, or may be a cell defined in an existing wireless communication system that is reused.

[0114] The configurations of the first cell and the second cell can be considered as follows: Assumption 1 and Assumption 2: The first cell is composed of multiple TRPs with a single cell ID (physical cell ID (PCI)). The multiple TRPs can transmit and receive in coordination. Assumption 2: The first cell is composed of multiple TRPs (or sub-cells) with different cell IDs. The multiple TRPs / sub-cells can transmit and receive in coordination.

[0115] 3A is a diagram showing an example of the outline of the cell-free configuration assumption 1. In the example shown in FIG. 3A, each TRP included in the first cell (super cell / cell) has the same PCI (PCI #0). Multiple TRPs can communicate with one UE in a coordinated manner.

[0116] Figure 3B is a diagram showing an example of the outline of the cell-free configuration assumption 2. In the example shown in Figure 3B, each TRP included in the first cell (super cell / cell) has a different PCI (PCI #0 to #9). Multiple TRPs can communicate cooperatively with one UE.

[0117] Figure 3C is a diagram showing another example of the outline of the cell-free configuration assumption 2. In the example shown in Figure 3C, a PCI is assigned to each TRP included in the first cell (supercell / cell). In the example shown in Figure 3C, unlike the example in Figure 3B, the same PCI may correspond to multiple TRPs. Multiple TRPs can communicate cooperatively with one UE.

[0118] Transmission / reception with TRP / subcell coordination may be based on at least one of the following schemes supported in NR: - Transmission of a single TRP / subcell with dynamic TRP / subcell switching (single-TRP transmission). - Joint transmission using multiple TRPs / subcells (multi-TRP joint transmission). The joint transmission may be based on a single DCI or multiple DCIs. The joint transmission may be non-coherent joint transmission (NCJT) or coherent joint transmission (CJT).

[0119] For cell-free, assuming ideal backhaul and tight coordination, in the joint transmission scheme, CJT may be prioritized over NCJT, and single DCI-based joint transmission may be prioritized over multi-DCI-based joint transmission.

[0120] Selfly can realize large-scale distributed MIMO, low layer (e.g., L2 / L1) mobility, and flexible TRP clustering. For example, when applied to ultra-high density TRP, cell / TRP clustering for mobility / control and data can be separated.

[0121] The cell-free approach has the following features: - It can increase the TRP deployment density per cell, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for all UEs, including those in conventional cell edge areas. - It can realize flexible (e.g., UE-centric) TRP clustering for cell construction, thereby reducing the number of UEs affected by inter-cell / inter-TRP interference. - It can realize mobility at lower layers. Since more TRPs can be considered in one clustering, seamless mobility can be achieved, for example, by operating at the L1 level.

[0122] For selfies, Concept 1 or 2 below may apply.

[0123] <Concept 1> Selfry selects multiple TRPs / access points (APs), and transmission / reception with the TRPs / APs targets only data (e.g., PDSCH / PUSCH) (e.g., at the physical / MAC layer). In this case, cell selection, initial access, and mobility are not significantly affected compared to existing methods. LTM (e.g., LTM before Rel. 18) may be reused, or enhancements to LTM may be made. L1 measurement / reporting or extended SRS transmission for multiple TRPs / APs selection, CSI measurement / reporting or extended SRS transmission for CSI of TRPs / APs in different clusters, etc. may be performed.

[0124] Concept 2: Selection of multiple TRPs / APs and transmission / reception with TRPs / APs covers both control channels / signals (e.g., in RRC) and data (e.g., PDSCH / PUSCH) (e.g., in the physical / MAC layer).

[0125] In this case, compared to existing methods, there are impacts on cell selection, initial access, and mobility in addition to the measurement / reporting of data L1 / CSI in Concept 1. For example, since a UE needs to access multiple TRPs / APs during initial access, SSB / SI / RACH also need to be redesigned.

[0126] When clustering multiple TRPs / APs for control channels / signaling and data, the clustering method (e.g., TRPs / APs in a cluster) may be the same or different, which may have potential impacts when clustering multiple DUs / CUs that are not in the same geographical location.

[0127] <CCs of Different Frequencies (Carrier Aggregation (CA) Scenario)> Selfry may be applied to CCs of different frequencies (CA scenario). The above multiple TRPs / APs may be processed individually for each CC or jointly across multiple CCs. For example, clustering and scheduling may take into account both the TRP dimension and the CC dimension.

[0128] (Analysis) In cell-free, ideal synchronization between multiple TRPs / APs is required. To achieve ideal synchronization, UL transmission / configuration (e.g., SRS transmission / configuration) for synchronization compensation among multiple TRPs / APs is being considered.

[0129] In relation to UL transmission / configuration, the following scenarios are assumed in existing specifications (e.g., NR):

[0130] <Scenario 1> In a low frequency band (e.g., FR1 / FR3), when a base station configures a UE to transmit one SRS (used for beam management), surrounding TRPs may measure the SRS, and based on the measurement results of the SRS, the surrounding TRPs may determine a set of TRPs / APs for further communication and perform synchronization correction.

[0131] <Scenario 2> In a high frequency band (e.g., FR3, FR2, or even higher frequency band), when a base station configures a UE to transmit multiple SRSs (used for beam management), the following two cases (Case 1 and Case 2) may be supported for the beams of the multiple SRSs.

[0132] <<Case 1>> Neither spatial relationship nor TCI state may be configured for the SRS. The selection of the beam for each SRS resource may depend on the UE implementation.

[0133] <<Case 2>> For SRS, a spatial relationship or TCI state may be set (based on the decision / determination of the base station), and the UE may follow the indicated beam (spatial relationship or TCI state) for each SRS resource.

[0134] As described above, in a cell-free environment, the TRP allocation density per cell becomes high. Therefore, if the above-described UL transmission / setting is applied in a cell-free environment, the following problems may occur.

[0135] <Problem> For example, in the case where a UE accesses TRP #3 after initial access as shown in Figure 4, the UE controls the transmission power of the SRS based on the PL-RS from TRP #3. In this case, since a sufficient number of TRPs cannot measure the SRS, the surrounding TRPs may not be able to select / determine a set of TRPs / APs for communication or may not be able to perform synchronization correction. In particular, if the TRP accessed by the UE (TRP #3 in this example) is the TRP with the smallest path loss for the UE, the correction may not be sufficient.

[0136] If an SRS with a repetition configuration is used to solve the above problem, the overhead of the SRS may increase.

[0137] To address the above-mentioned issues, it is necessary to appropriately perform UL transmission / configuration (e.g., SRS transmission / configuration) even when transmission / reception points are densely arranged.

[0138] Therefore, the present inventors have conceived the following embodiments: According to one aspect of the present disclosure, UL transmission can be appropriately controlled even when transmission and reception points are densely arranged.

[0139] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Wireless communication methods according to the embodiments may be applied independently or in combination.

[0140] (Various Reinterpretations) In the present disclosure, a word enclosed in "( )" in a sentence may indicate an explanation of the word immediately preceding it (for example, an explanation of spelling), a paraphrase, a specific example, a supplementary explanation, etc. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, a word enclosed in "[ ]" in a sentence may be interpreted including the word in the meaning of the entire sentence, or may be interpreted excluding (ignoring) the word in the meaning of the entire sentence. Note that "( )" and "[ ]" may also be used for purposes / meanings other than those mentioned above.

[0141] In the present disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interpreted interchangeably. Also, in the present disclosure, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C."

[0142] In the present disclosure, terms such as notify, activate, deactivate, indicate (or indicate), select, configure, update, and determine may be read interchangeably. In the present disclosure, terms such as support, control, controllable, operate, and operate may be read interchangeably.

[0143] In the present disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher layer parameters, fields, information elements (IEs), settings, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC) control elements (CEs), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc. may be interchangeable.

[0144] In the present disclosure, the higher layer signaling may be, for example, any one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, other messages (e.g., messages from the core network such as positioning protocol (e.g., NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) / LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)) messages), or a combination thereof.

[0145] In the present disclosure, MAC signaling may use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MAC CE), a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU), etc. Broadcast information may be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI), Other System Information (OSI), etc.

[0146] In the present disclosure, physical layer signaling may be, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI), and the like.

[0147] In the present disclosure, the following terms are used: SRS [resource [set]], SSB, CSI-RS, DMRS, TRS, DL-RS, UL-RS, panel, UE panel, panel group, beam, beam group, precoder, Uplink (UL) transmitting entity, Transmission / Reception Point (TRP), TRP ID, base station, Spatial Relation Information (SRI), Spatial Relation, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), Control Resource Set (CONTROLLER RESEARCH SET (CORESET)), Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), Reference Signal (RS), Antenna Port (e.g., Demodulation Reference Signal (DRM)), The terms "DMRS (Distributed Modem Radio Resources) port," "antenna port group" (e.g., DMRS port group), "group" (e.g., spatial relationship group, Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, reference signal group, CORESET group, Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) group, PUCCH resource group), "resource" (e.g., reference signal resource, SRS resource), "resource set" (e.g., reference signal resource set), CORESET pool, "Transmission Configuration Indication state" (TCI state), "downlink TCI state" (DL TCI state), "uplink TCI state" (UL TCI state), "unified TCI state," "common TCI state," "indicated TCI state," "Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)," "QCL assumption," and the like may be read interchangeably.

[0148] In the present disclosure, UL signal, UL transmission, SRS, PUCCH, PUSCH, and PRACH may be read interchangeably.

[0149] In the present disclosure, one or more SRS resource sets may include multiple SRS resource subsets. An SRS resource subset may include multiple SRS resources. The multiple SRS resources included in an SRS resource subset may be some of the multiple SRS resources included in one or more SRS resource sets. An SRS resource subset may be interpreted as multiple SRS resources, a set / subset of SRS resources included in multiple SRS resources (in one SRS resource set / multiple SRS resource sets), a set / subset of SRS resources in one SRS resource set, a set / subset of SRS resources in multiple SRS resource sets, etc.

[0150] In the present disclosure, TCI, TCI state, TCI state ID, TCI state list / set / pool / group, and TCI state list / set / pool / group ID may be interchangeable. TCI and UL / joint TCI may be interchangeable.

[0151] In the present disclosure, absolute PL, path loss (PL), PL value, PL parameter, PL RS, PL RS ID, power boost value, additional power boost value, common power boost value, resource-specific power boost value, subset-specific power boost value, PL-RS, PL-RS ID, and power control related parameter may be read interchangeably. In the present disclosure, relative PL, delta PL, PL offset, additional PL offset, common PL offset, resource-specific PL offset, subset-specific PL offset, and P Ｏ The offset of α, the offset of power / power density [x dBm], the path loss (PL), the PL value, the PL parameter, the PL-RS, and the power control related parameter may be read interchangeably.

[0152] In the present disclosure, using / applying a PL offset may mean using a PL value obtained by applying (adding or subtracting) a PL offset to a PL value estimated / calculated based on a DL RS transmitted from a DL transmission point / DL TRP or a received PL value in calculating the transmission power of a UL signal (e.g., PUCCH / PUSCH / PRACH / SRS) to be transmitted to a UL reception point / UL TRP. The PL offset and the PL offset value may be interchangeable.

[0153] In the present disclosure, PL offset, additional PL offset, common PL offset, resource-specific PL offset, subset-specific PL offset, power boost value, additional power boost value, common power boost value, resource-specific power boost value, subset-specific power boost value, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0154] (Wireless Communication Method) First Embodiment The first embodiment relates to SRS transmission power control when one SRS resource is configured.

[0155] When a base station configures an SRS (resource) for a UE, the base station may configure at least one of a path loss (PL) offset and a power boosting value (hereinafter also referred to as a PL offset / power boosting value) for the SRS (resource). The PL offset / power boosting value may be added / added to the calculation of the SRS transmission power (e.g., Equation E1 applied to SRS transmission power control), or may be set to a specific value (e.g., PL b,f,c (q d )) may be applied instead of the PL offset / power boost value. The PL offset / power boost value may be referred to as an additional PL offset / additional power boost.

[0156] The UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted in one SRS resource based on whether a PL offset / power boost value is set or not, and if a PL offset / power boost value is set, the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted in one SRS resource based on the set PL offset / power boost value.

[0157] For example, if one SRS resource is configured and a PL offset / additional power boost value is not configured, the UE may transmit the SRS using a first transmit power in the one SRS resource. Also, if one SRS resource is configured and a PL offset / power boost value is configured, the UE may transmit the SRS using a second transmit power (e.g., greater than the first transmit power) in the one SRS resource (and may apply the PL offset / power boost value to the SRS transmitted in the one SRS resource).

[0158] For example, when one SRS resource is configured and a first PL offset / power boost value is configured, the UE may transmit the SRS on the one SRS resource using a first transmit power (applying the first PL offset / power boost value to the SRS transmitted on the one SRS resource). Also, when one SRS resource is configured and a second PL offset / power boost value (different from the first PL offset / power boost value) is configured, the UE may transmit the SRS on the one SRS resource using a second transmit power (e.g., different from the first transmit power) (applying the second PL offset / power boost value to the SRS transmitted on the one SRS resource).

[0159] Alternatively, the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS (e.g., whether to apply a PL offset / power boost value) based on the purpose / type configured for the SRS resource / SRS resource set. For example, if the SRS resource / SRS resource set is applied to beam management / synchronization (the purpose of the SRS resource / SRS resource set is beam management / synchronization), the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS by applying the PL offset / power boost value. If the SRS resource / SRS resource set is applied to a purpose other than beam management / synchronization (the purpose of the SRS resource / SRS resource set is a purpose other than beam management / synchronization), the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS without applying the PL offset / power boost value.

[0160] Alternatively, the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS (e.g., whether to apply a PL offset / power boost value) based on whether a cell-free setting is configured. For example, when a cell-free setting is configured (the UE receives information to configure a cell-free setting), the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS to be transmitted on the SRS resource by applying a PL offset / power boost value to the SRS resource. When a cell-free setting is not configured (the UE does not receive information to configure a cell-free setting), the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS to be transmitted on the SRS resource without applying a PL offset / power boost value to the SRS resource.

[0161] 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a case in which one SRS resource is configured. The dashed-line area in the diagram indicates the SRS coverage when the UE transmits the SRS using a first transmission power (e.g., when no PL offset / power boost value is applied / set). The solid-line area in the diagram indicates the SRS coverage when the UE transmits the SRS using a second transmission power (e.g., when a PL offset / power boost value is applied / set). When the UE transmits the SRS using the first transmission power, the TRPs (e.g., TRPs #3 and #4) included in the dashed-line area in the diagram may receive / measure the SRS. When the UE transmits the SRS using the second transmission power, the TRPs (e.g., TRPs #0, #1, #3, and #4) included in the solid-line area in the diagram may receive / measure the SRS. In the case of Figure 5, the coverage of the SRS is increased / extended by the range / area surrounded (sandwiched) by the dashed line and the solid line (for example, the range / area including TRPs #0 and #1).

[0162] The PL offset / power boost value may be associated with a predetermined parameter, which may be at least one of the following: a parameter related to SRS (e.g., one SRS resource, one SRS resource set); a parameter related to SSB / CSI-RS (e.g., one SSB / CSI-RS resource, one SSB / CSI-RS resource set); a parameter related to TRP (e.g., one TRP ID, one TRP set); a parameter related to cell (e.g., one Physical Cell ID (PCI)); a parameter related to TCI state (e.g., one TCI state, one TCI state set).

[0163] A PL offset / power boost value may be associated with one SRS resource and not one TCI state.

[0164] The power boost value may be a direct (absolute) value, i.e., the additional power boost value used in determining / judging the transmit power of an SRS may be independent / related to the transmit power of other SRSs and / or the power boost value used in determining / judging the transmit power of other SRSs.

[0165] A new use of SRS (resource set) (different from existing specifications (e.g., NR)) may be defined by the specification. The use may be synchronization.

[0166] The PL offset / power boost value may be set by RRC signaling, for example, the PL offset / power boost value may be associated with a predetermined parameter (or set in an RRC parameter related to the predetermined parameter), or the PL offset / power boost value may be updated / set by MAC CE / DCI.

[0167] According to the first embodiment described above, the UE can appropriately control the transmission power of the SRS. Furthermore, the coverage of the SRS can be improved. In addition, since more TRPs / APs can measure / receive the SRS, the selection of the TRP / AP set and synchronization compensation can be performed more accurately.

[0168] Second Embodiment The second embodiment relates to SRS transmission power control when a plurality of SRS resources are configured.

[0169] The base station may configure (for a UE) multiple SRS resources from one SRS resource set. For example, the base station may configure the UE with one or more SRS resource sets and one or more SRS resources corresponding to each SRS resource set using RRC / MAC CE / DCI.

[0170] When multiple SRS resources are configured from one SRS resource set, the base station / UE may control SRS transmission (e.g., SRS transmission power) according to at least one of the following options A1 to A3.

[0171] <<Option A1>> The base station may configure one PL offset / power boost value for multiple SRS resources in an SRS resource set. That is, the base station may configure a common PL offset / power boost value for multiple SRS resources in an SRS resource set. One PL offset applied to multiple SRS resources in an SRS resource set may be referred to as a common PL offset. One power boost value applied to multiple SRS resources in an SRS resource set may be referred to as a common power boost value. The common PL offset / common power boost value may be configured / applied to all of the multiple SRS resources in an SRS resource set, or may be configured / applied to some of the multiple SRS resources in an SRS resource set.

[0172] The UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on the multiple SRS resources in the SRS resource set based on whether a common PL offset / common power boost value is configured. Also, if a common PL offset / common power boost value is configured, the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on the multiple SRS resources in the SRS resource set based on the configured common PL offset / common power boost value.

[0173] For example, when multiple SRS resources are configured from an SRS resource set and a common PL offset / common power boost value is not configured, the UE may transmit the SRSs using a first transmit power on the multiple SRS resources. Also, when multiple SRS resources are configured from an SRS resource set and a common PL offset / common power boost value is configured, the UE may transmit the SRSs using a second transmit power (e.g., greater than the first transmit power) on the multiple SRS resources (and may apply the common PL offset / common power boost value to the SRSs transmitted on the multiple SRS resources).

[0174] For example, when a plurality of SRS resources are configured from an SRS resource set and a first common PL offset / common power boost value is configured, the UE may transmit the SRSs using a first transmit power on the plurality of SRS resources (applying the first common PL offset / common power boost value to the SRSs transmitted on the plurality of SRS resources). Also, when a plurality of SRS resources are configured from an SRS resource set and a second common PL offset / common power boost value (different from the first common PL offset / common power boost value) is configured, the UE may transmit the SRSs using a second transmit power (e.g., different from the first transmit power) on the plurality of SRS resources (applying the second common PL offset / common power boost value to the SRSs transmitted on the plurality of SRS resources).

[0175] Alternatively, the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on multiple SRS resources in the SRS resource set (e.g., whether to apply a common PL offset / common power boost value) based on the purpose / type configured for the SRS resource / SRS resource set. For example, if the SRS resource / SRS resource set is applied to beam management / synchronization (the purpose of the SRS resource / SRS resource set is beam management / synchronization), the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on multiple SRS resources in the SRS resource set by applying a common PL offset / common power boost value to the multiple SRS resources in the SRS resource set. If an SRS resource / SRS resource set is applied for purposes other than beam management / synchronization (the use of the SRS resource / SRS resource set is for purposes other than beam management / synchronization), the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on multiple SRS resources in the SRS resource set without applying a common PL offset / common power boost value to the multiple SRS resources in the SRS resource set.

[0176] Alternatively, the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on multiple SRS resources within the SRS resource set (e.g., whether to apply a common PL offset / common power boost value) based on whether a cell-free setting is configured. For example, when a cell-free setting is configured (the UE receives information configuring a cell-free setting), the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on multiple SRS resources within the SRS resource set by applying a common PL offset / common power boost value to the multiple SRS resources within the SRS resource set. When a cell-free setting is not configured (the UE does not receive information configuring a cell-free setting), the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on multiple SRS resources within the SRS resource set without applying a common PL offset / common power boost value to the multiple SRS resources within the SRS resource set.

[0177] 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a case where multiple SRS resources are configured. The dashed-line area in the diagram indicates the SRS coverage when the UE transmits the SRS using a first transmission power (e.g., when a common pilot offset / common power boost value is not applied / configured). The solid-line area in the diagram indicates the SRS coverage when the UE transmits the SRS using a second transmission power (e.g., when a common pilot offset / common power boost value is applied / configured). When the UE transmits the SRS using the first transmission power, the TRPs (e.g., TRPs #3 and #4) included in the dashed-line area in the diagram may receive / measure the SRS. When the UE transmits the SRS using the second transmission power, the TRPs (e.g., TRPs #0, #1, #3, and #4) included in the solid-line area in the diagram may receive / measure the SRS. In the case of Figure 6, the coverage of the SRS is increased / extended by the range / area surrounded (sandwiched) by the dashed line and the solid line (for example, the range / area including TRPs #0 and #1).

[0178] According to option A1, the UE can jointly (concisely) determine / judge the transmission power of SRS transmitted using different SRS resources (or beams).

[0179] <<Option A2>> The base station may configure multiple PL offset / power boost values ​​for multiple SRS resources in an SRS resource set. Each of the multiple PL offset / power boost values ​​may be configured for each SRS resource in the SRS resource set. That is, the base station may configure a PL offset / power boost value for each SRS resource in the SRS resource set. The PL offset applied to each SRS resource in the SRS resource set may be referred to as a resource-specific PL offset. The power boost value applied to each SRS resource in the SRS resource set may be referred to as a resource-specific power boost value. The resource-specific PL offset / resource-specific power boost values ​​configured for different SRS resources may be the same or different.

[0180] The UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on each SRS resource in the SRS resource set based on whether a resource-specific PL offset / resource-specific power boost value is configured for each SRS resource in the SRS resource set. Furthermore, if a resource-specific PL offset / resource-specific power boost value is configured for each SRS resource in the SRS resource set, the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on each SRS resource in the SRS resource set based on the configured resource-specific PL offset / resource-specific power boost value.

[0181] For example, if multiple SRS resources (e.g., SRS resources #0 and #1) are configured from an SRS resource set, and no resource-specific PL offset / resource-specific power boost value is configured for SRS resource #0, but a resource-specific PL offset / resource-specific power boost value is configured for SRS resource #1, the UE may transmit the SRS on SRS resource #0 using a first transmission power and may transmit the SRS on SRS resource #1 using a second transmission power (e.g., greater than the first transmission power) (and may apply the resource-specific PL offset / resource-specific power boost value to (the SRS transmitted on) SRS resource #1).

[0182] For example, if multiple SRS resources (e.g., SRS resources #0 and #1) are configured from an SRS resource set, a first resource-specific PL offset / resource-specific power boost value is configured for SRS resource #0, and a second resource-specific PL offset / resource-specific power boost value (e.g., different from the first resource-specific PL offset / resource-specific power boost value) is configured for SRS resource #1, the UE may transmit the SRS on SRS resource #0 using a first transmit power and may transmit the SRS on SRS resource #1 using a second transmit power (e.g., different from the first transmit power) (applying the first resource-specific PL offset / resource-specific power boost value to (the SRS transmitted on) SRS resource #0 and applying the second resource-specific PL offset / resource-specific power boost value to (the SRS transmitted on) SRS resource #1).

[0183] Alternatively, the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on multiple SRS resources in the SRS resource set (e.g., whether to apply a resource-specific PL offset / resource-specific power boost value) based on the purpose / type configured for the SRS resource / SRS resource set. For example, if the SRS resource / SRS resource set is applied to beam management / synchronization (the purpose of the SRS resource / SRS resource set is beam management / synchronization), the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on each SRS resource in the SRS resource set by applying a resource-specific PL offset / resource-specific power boost value for each SRS resource. If the SRS resource / SRS resource set is applied to a purpose other than beam management / synchronization (the purpose of the SRS resource / SRS resource set is a purpose other than beam management / synchronization), the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on each SRS resource in the SRS resource set without applying a resource-specific PL offset / resource-specific power boost value.

[0184] Alternatively, the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on multiple SRS resources in the SRS resource set (e.g., whether to apply a resource-specific PL offset / resource-specific power boost value) based on whether or not a cell-free setting is configured. For example, when cell-free is configured (the UE receives information about configuring cell-free), the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on each SRS resource in the SRS resource set by applying a resource-specific PL offset / resource-specific power boost value for each SRS resource. When cell-free is not configured (the UE does not receive information about configuring cell-free), the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on each SRS resource in the SRS resource set without applying a resource-specific PL offset / resource-specific power boost value.

[0185] 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a case where multiple SRS resources are configured. The area surrounded by the dashed line in the diagram indicates the SRS coverage when the UE transmits the SRS using a first transmission power (e.g., when a resource-specific PL offset / resource-specific power boost value is not configured). The area surrounded by the dashed line in the diagram indicates the SRS coverage when the UE transmits the SRS using a second transmission power (e.g., when a first resource-specific PL offset / first resource-specific power boost value is configured). The area surrounded by the solid line in the diagram indicates the SRS coverage when the UE transmits the SRS using a third transmission power (e.g., when a second resource-specific PL offset / second resource-specific power boost value is configured). When a UE transmits an SRS using a first transmission power, the TRPs (e.g., TRP #3) included in the range / area surrounded by a dashed line in the figure may receive / measure the SRS. When a UE transmits an SRS using a second transmission power, the TRPs (e.g., TRPs #0, #3) included in the range / area surrounded by a dashed line in the figure may receive / measure the SRS. When a UE transmits an SRS using a third transmission power, the TRPs (e.g., TRPs #0, #1, #3) included in the range / area surrounded by a solid line in the figure may receive / measure the SRS.

[0186] According to option A2, the UE can appropriately determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted using different SRS resources (or beams) for each SRS resource (or beam).

[0187] <<Option A3>> The base station may configure multiple PL offset / power boost values ​​for multiple SRS resources within an SRS resource set. Each of the multiple PL offset / power boost values ​​may be configured for each of the multiple SRS resources (SRS resource subsets) within the SRS resource set. That is, the base station may configure a PL offset / power boost value for each SRS resource subset within the SRS resource set. The PL offset applied to each SRS resource subset within the SRS resource set may be referred to as a subset-specific PL offset. The power boost value applied to each SRS resource subset within the SRS resource set may be referred to as a subset-specific power boost value.

[0188] The UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on the multiple SRS resources included in each SRS resource subset within the SRS resource set based on whether a subset-specific PL offset / subset-specific power boost value is configured for each SRS resource subset within the SRS resource set. Furthermore, if a subset-specific PL offset / subset-specific power boost value is configured for each SRS resource subset within the SRS resource set, the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on the multiple SRS resources included in each SRS resource subset within the SRS resource set based on the configured subset-specific PL offset / subset-specific power boost value.

[0189] For example, in a case where multiple SRS resources (e.g., SRS resources #0, #1, #2, and #3) are configured from an SRS resource set, SRS resources #0 and #1 are included in SRS resource subset #0, and SRS resources #2 and #3 are included in SRS resource subset #1, a subset-specific PL offset / subset-specific power boost value may not be configured for SRS resource subset #0, but a subset-specific PL offset / subset-specific power boost value may be configured for SRS resource subset #1. In this case, the UE may transmit SRS using a first transmit power on SRS resources #0 and #1 included in SRS resource subset #0, and may transmit SRS using a second transmit power (e.g., greater than the first transmit power) on SRS resources #2 and #3 included in SRS resource subset #1 (applying the subset-specific PL offset / subset-specific power boost value to (the SRS transmitted at) SRS resources #2 and #3).

[0190] For example, in a case where multiple SRS resources (e.g., SRS resources #0, #1, #2, #3) are configured from an SRS resource set, SRS resources #0 and #1 are included in SRS resource subset #0, and SRS resources #2 and #3 are included in SRS resource subset #1, a first subset-specific PL offset / subset-specific power boost value may be configured for SRS resource subset #0, and a second subset-specific PL offset / subset-specific power boost value (different from the first subset-specific PL offset / subset-specific power boost value) may be configured for SRS resource subset #1. In this case, the UE may transmit SRS using a first transmission power on SRS resources #0 and #1 included in SRS resource subset #0, and may transmit SRS using a second transmission power (different from the first transmission power) on SRS resources #2 and #3 included in SRS resource subset #1 (applying a first subset-specific PL offset / subset-specific power boost value to (the SRS transmitted on) SRS resources #0 and #1, and applying a second subset-specific PL offset / subset-specific power boost value to (the SRS transmitted on) SRS resources #2 and #3).

[0191] Alternatively, the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on multiple SRS resources in an SRS resource subset / SRS resource set based on the purpose / type configured for the SRS resource / SRS resource subset / SRS resource set. For example, if the SRS resource / SRS resource subset / SRS resource set is applied to beam management / synchronization (the purpose of the SRS resource / SRS resource subset / SRS resource set is beam management / synchronization), the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on multiple SRS resources in the SRS resource subset / SRS resource set by applying a subset-specific PL offset / subset-specific power boost value for each SRS resource subset. If an SRS resource / SRS resource subset / SRS resource set is applied for purposes other than beam management / synchronization (the use of the SRS resource / SRS resource subset / SRS resource set is for purposes other than beam management / synchronization), the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on multiple SRS resources within the SRS resource subset / SRS resource set without applying a subset-specific PL offset / subset-specific power boost value.

[0192] Alternatively, the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on multiple SRS resources in an SRS resource subset / SRS resource set based on whether or not a cell-free setting is configured. For example, when a cell-free setting is configured (the UE receives information configuring a cell-free setting), the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on multiple SRS resources in an SRS resource subset / SRS resource set by applying a subset-specific PL offset / subset-specific power boost value for each SRS resource subset. When a cell-free setting is not configured (the UE does not receive information configuring a cell-free setting), the UE may determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted on each SRS resource in the SRS resource set without applying a subset-specific PL offset / subset-specific power boost value.

[0193] 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a case in which multiple SRS resources are configured. The range / area surrounded by a dashed line in the diagram indicates the SRS coverage when the UE transmits the SRS using a first transmission power (e.g., when a subset-specific PL offset / subset-specific power boost value is not configured). The range / area surrounded by a dashed-dotted line in the diagram indicates the SRS coverage when the UE transmits the SRS using a second transmission power (e.g., when a first subset-specific PL offset / subset-specific power boost value is configured). The range / area surrounded by a solid line in the diagram indicates the SRS coverage when the UE transmits the SRS using a third transmission power (e.g., when a second subset-specific PL offset / subset-specific power boost value is configured). When a UE transmits an SRS using a first transmission power, the TRPs (e.g., TRPs #3 and #4) included in the range / area enclosed by dashed lines in the figure may receive / measure the SRS. When a UE transmits an SRS using a second transmission power, the TRPs (e.g., TRPs #0, #3, #4, and #5) included in the range / area enclosed by dashed lines in the figure may receive / measure the SRS. When a UE transmits an SRS using a third transmission power, the TRPs (e.g., TRPs #0, #1, #3, #4, #5, and #6) included in the range / area enclosed by solid lines in the figure may receive / measure the SRS.

[0194] In Option A3, the number of SRS resources included in each SRS resource subset may be the same or different. The number of SRS resources included in each SRS resource subset may be signaled / configured to the UE using RRC signaling / MAC CE / DCI. Information indicating the association of each SRS resource subset with the SRS resources (e.g., information indicating that SRS resources #0 and #1 are associated with (included in) SRS resource subset #0 and that SRS resources #2 and #3 are associated with (included in) SRS resource subset #1) may be signaled to the UE using RRC signaling / MAC CE / DCI. A purpose may be configured for the SRS resource subset, and the purpose may be beam management or a new purpose (different from existing specifications (e.g., NR)) (e.g., synchronization).

[0195] According to option A3, the UE can appropriately determine / judge the transmission power of the SRS transmitted using different SRS resources (or beams) for each of the multiple SRS resources (or for each of the multiple beams).

[0196] The common PL offset / common power boost value / resource-specific PL offset / resource-specific power boost value / subset-specific PL offset / subset-specific power boost value may be added / added to the calculation of the SRS transmission power (e.g., Equation E1 applied to SRS transmission power control), or may be added / added to a specific value (e.g., PL b,f,c (q d )) may be applied instead.

[0197] The interpretation of the PL offset / power boost value to be set may be changed depending on the number of PL offset / power boost values ​​to be set. For example, when the number of PL offset / power boost values ​​to be set is one, the UE may determine that the PL offset / power boost value to be set is a common PL offset / common power boost value. For example, when the number of PL offset / power boost values ​​to be set is two or more, the UE may determine that the PL offset / power boost value to be set is a resource-specific PL offset / resource-specific power boost value or a subset-specific PL offset / subset-specific power boost value.

[0198] For multiple SRS resources in one SRS resource set, spatial relationship / TCI state / QCL source RSs may be configured, and the spatial relationship / TCI state / QCL source RSs may be SRS-resource-specific, i.e., the spatial relationship / TCI state / QCL source RSs may be configured for each SRS resource (the spatial relationship / TCI state / QCL source RSs may be different between different SRS resources in one SRS resource set).

[0199] For multiple SRS resources in one SRS resource set, the spatial relationship / TCI state / QCL source RS may not be configured, in which case the selection of the beam for each SRS resource may depend on the UE implementation.

[0200] For multiple SRS resources in one SRS resource set, the PL-RS and at least one of the power control related parameters (e.g., p0, alpha) may be SRS-resource-common, i.e., the PL-RS and at least one of the power control related parameters may be the same between different SRS resources in one SRS resource set.

[0201] For multiple SRS resources in one SRS resource set, at least one of the PL-RS and power control related parameters (e.g., p0, alpha) may be SRS-resource-specific, i.e., at least one of the PL-RS and power control related parameters may be configured for each SRS resource among different SRS resources in one SRS resource set (at least one of the PL-RS and power control related parameters may be different among different SRS resources in one SRS resource set).

[0202] [Common / Resource-Specific / Subset-Specific] At least one of the PL offset / power boost value, spatial relationship, TCI state, QCL source RS, PL-RS, and power control related parameters may be associated with at least one of the following: - SRS related parameters (e.g., one SRS resource, one SRS resource set, one SRS resource subset) - SSB / CSI-RS related parameters (e.g., one SSB / CSI-RS resource, one SSB / CSI-RS resource set) - TRP related parameters (e.g., one TRP ID, one set of TRPs) - Cell related parameters (e.g., one PCI) - TCI state related parameters (e.g., one TCI state, one set of TCI states)

[0203] At least one of the [common / resource-specific / subset-specific] PL offset / power boost value, spatial relationship, TCI state, QCL source RS, PL-RS, and power control related parameters may be configured by RRC signaling, and at least one of the [common / resource-specific / subset-specific] PL offset / power boost value, spatial relationship, TCI state, QCL source RS, PL-RS, and power control related parameters may be updated / configured by MAC CE / DCI.

[0204] When multiple SRS resources are configured from one SRS resource set, the base station / UE may control SRS transmission according to at least one of the following options B1 and B2.

[0205] <<Option B1>> The UE may be configured to maintain phase consistency / continuity for multiple SRS resources in an SRS resource set (or a specific period for maintaining phase consistency / continuity may be configured for the UE).

[0206] The time duration for which the UE maintains phase consistency / continuity for the SRS may be reported by the UE capability information.

[0207] Option B1 allows for improved accuracy of measuring the phase between TRPs based on SRS transmitted using different beams for different TRPs.

[0208] <<Option B2>> The UE may be configured to transmit beamformed SRS for each of multiple SRS resources in an SRS resource set. One or more associated SSB / CSI-RSs may be configured for each SRS resource. The UE may calculate / determine a beamforming precoder for each SRS resource (based on the one or more associated SSB / CSI-RSs).

[0209] Option B2 allows for improved coverage of each SRS transmitted using different beams for different TRPs.

[0210] Multiple SRS resources may be selected / configured from multiple (different) SRS resource sets. In this case, multiple SRS resources in one SRS resource set in the above-described processing / operation / control / configuration may be read as multiple SRS resources in multiple (different) SRS resource sets.

[0211] According to the second embodiment described above, the UE can appropriately control the transmission power of the SRS transmitted using different beams. Furthermore, the coverage of the SRS transmitted using different beams can be improved. In addition, since more TRPs / APs can measure / receive the SRS, the selection of the TRP / AP set can be more accurate.

[0212] <Variations> In the present disclosure, the range of the PL offset value for each SRS resource / each group of SRS resources (e.g., SRS resource set, SRS resource subset) may be at least one of the following, where X>0, Y>0: From X (dB) to -Y (dB) (i.e., the PL offset can take both positive and negative values) From X (dB) to 0 (dB) (i.e., the PL offset is always 0 or greater (or a positive value)) From 0 (dB) to -Y (dB) (i.e., the PL offset is always 0 or less (or a negative value))

[0213] The above-described embodiments may be applied only in a specific (one) use case / application. The specific use case may be beam sweeping using SRS (which may be referred to as [SRS] beam sweeping, SRS-based beam sweeping, etc.). The specific application may be beam management.

[0214] The above-described embodiments may be applied to multiple use cases / applications. For example, the above-described embodiments may be applied to transmission of other UL channels / UL signals, positioning, antenna switching, etc. in addition to SRS beam sweeping. The other UL channels / UL signals may be PUSCH / PUCCH. The multiple applications may be beam management, antenna switching, synchronization, etc.

[0215] The configuration in the above embodiment may be configured in association with at least one of a set / cluster (including) a plurality of TRPs / APs / SSBs / CSI-RSs and a supercell, and the configuration in the above embodiment may be required (may be performed or may be changed / updated) when at least one of the set / cluster and the supercell is changed / updated.

[0216] The UE may send a request for processing / operation / control / setting change / update in the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0217] The UE may change / update the processes / operations / controls / settings in the above embodiments based on predefined rules or pre-configured settings.

[0218] The UE may receive (or expect to receive) changed / updated configuration from the NW.

[0219] <Supplementary Information> <<Notification of Information to UE>> In the above-described embodiments, notification of any information to the UE [from a Network (NW) (e.g., a Base Station (BS))] (in other words, reception of any information from the BS by the UE) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), a specific signal / channel (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0220] When the notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) in the MAC subheader, which is not defined in existing standards.

[0221] When the notification is made by DCI, the notification may be made by a specific field of the DCI, a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used to scramble Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, the format of the DCI, etc.

[0222] Furthermore, notification of any information to the UE in the above embodiments may be performed periodically, semi-persistently, or aperiodically.

[0223] In the above embodiment, the UE may receive information of at least one of the following QCL rules from the NW: QCL Type A QCL Type B QCL Type C QCL Type D

[0224] In the above-described embodiment, the QCL source RS for each QCL type may be at least one of the following several RSs: SSB CSI-RS with / without repetition TRS DMRS of PDCCH / PDSCH

[0225] In the above-described embodiment, the information from the NW may be set / instructed by the following methods: Common to multiple UEs or UE-specific; Cell-specific or common to multiple cells; Per UE / per CC / per BWP / per band / per cell / per cell group (CG).

[0226] <<Notification of Information from UE>> In the above-described embodiments, notification of any information from the UE [to the NW] (in other words, transmission / report of any information from the UE to the BS) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE, RRC message, LPP message), specific signals / channels (e.g., UCI, PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0227] When the notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new LCID, which is not defined in existing standards, in the MAC subheader. The MAC CE may be an extension of an existing MAC CE. For example, the MAC CE may be an extension of an existing MAC CE by introducing a new octet.

[0228] If the notification is made by UCI, the notification may be transmitted using PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0229] In addition, notification of any information from the UE in the above embodiments may be periodic, semi-persistent (triggered by the UE or the gNB), or aperiodic (triggered by the UE or the gNB).

[0230] <<Regarding Application of Each Embodiment>> In a UE / BS, specific (one or more) processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information for at least one of the above-mentioned embodiments may be applied (used) when one or more of the following conditions are met: - a higher layer parameter indicating the specific processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information is configured; - the specific processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information is determined based on related higher layer parameters; - the specific processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information is specified / activated / triggered by a MAC CE / DCI / UCI / resource / channel / RS; - a specific UE capability indicating (or related to) the specific processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information is reported or supported; - the application of the specific processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information is determined based on specific conditions.

[0231] The specific UE capability may indicate at least one of the following: - supporting the specific process / operation / control / assumption / information (e.g., cell-free); - supporting a new use (e.g., synchronization) for SRS; - supporting setting a PL offset / power boost value for SRS of a specific use (e.g., beam management, synchronization) for (one) SRS resource / (one) SRS resource set / (one) SRS resource subset / (one) SSB resource / (one) CSI-RS resource / (one) SSB resource set / (one) CSI-RS resource set / (one) TRP ID / (one) PCI / (one) TCI state / (one) set of TCI state; - supporting (maintaining) phase consistency / continuity for SRS of a specific use (e.g., beam management, synchronization). Supporting SRS for specific applications (e.g. beam management, synchronization) with beamforming applied.

[0232] Furthermore, the above-mentioned specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), or may be a capability for each frequency (e.g., one or a combination of a cell, a band, a band combination, a BWP, a component carrier, etc.), or may be a capability for each frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), or may be a capability for each subcarrier spacing (SubCarrier Spacing (SCS)), or may be a capability for each Feature Set (FS) or Feature Set Per Component-carrier (FSPC).

[0233] Furthermore, the specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied to all duplexing methods (commonly regardless of the duplexing method), or may be a capability for each duplexing method (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD) or Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0234] If the above conditions are not met, the UE / BS may follow the behavior specified in existing 3GPP releases.

[0235] The information on whether one or more of the above embodiments / options / choices / examples apply / are used, or which of several of the above embodiments / options / choices / examples apply / are used, may be based on several of the following methods: - The information is configured by one or more higher layer parameters / RRC IEs. - The information is determined by one or more related higher layer parameters / RRC IEs. - The information is indicated by a MAC CE / DCI. - The information is based on one or more UE capabilities. - The information is described / defined in a specification. - The information is based on conditions described / defined in a specification. - The information is determined by a combination of several of the above information. For example, the information is determined by the configuration / indication of higher layer parameters / MAC CE / DCI and reported by UE capabilities.

[0236] The above embodiments / options / choices may be combined into one embodiment / option / choice.

[0237] (Supplementary Notes) The following inventions are supplemented with respect to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Supplementary Note 1] A terminal comprising: a receiving unit that receives information for configuring one path loss (PL) offset or multiple PL offsets to be applied to multiple sounding reference signal (SRS) resources; and a control unit that determines transmit power for the multiple SRS resources based on the one PL offset or the multiple PL offsets. [Supplementary Note 2] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 1, wherein the one PL offset is an offset common to all of the multiple SRS resources. [Supplementary Note 3] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 1 or Supplementary Note 2, wherein each of the multiple PL offsets is an offset specific to one SRS resource or a subset of SRS resources included in the multiple SRS resources. [Supplementary Note 4] The terminal according to any one of Supplementary Notes 1 to 3, wherein the control unit calculates a precoder for each of the multiple SRS resources.

[0238] (Wireless Communication System) The configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of the present disclosure or a combination thereof.

[0239] 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (which may be simply referred to as system 1) may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE) or 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR) specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0240] The wireless communication system 1 may also support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[0241] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the master node (Master Node (MN)), and the NR base station (gNB) is the secondary node (Secondary Node (SN)). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0242] The wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity in which both the MN and SN are NR base stations (gNBs) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0243] The wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with a relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) that are located within the macrocell C1 and form small cells C2 that are smaller than the macrocell C1. A user terminal 20 may be located within at least one of the cells. The location, number, shape, size, etc. of each cell and user terminal 20 are not limited to the embodiment shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when there is no need to distinguish between the base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as the base station 10.

[0244] The wireless communication system 1 may utilize multi-input multi-output (MIMO). For example, one cell may be formed by one antenna / base station 10, or may be formed by multiple antennas / base stations 10. One [virtual] cell (which may be called, for example, a supercell) may be composed of multiple [virtual] cells (which may be called, for example, subcells). A supercell may correspond to a cell with a fixed physical range, and a subcell may correspond to a cell with a quasi-static / dynamically variable physical range. In this case, the wireless communication system 1 may be called a cell-free system.

[0245] The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CCs) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0246] Each CC may be included in at least one of a first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and a second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). The macro cell C1 may be included in FR1, and the small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band of 6 GHz or less (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band higher than 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may correspond to a higher frequency band than FR2.

[0247] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may perform communication using at least one of time division duplex (TDD) and frequency division duplex (FDD) in each CC.

[0248] The multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (e.g., optical fiber compliant with the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), an X2 / Xn interface, etc.) or wirelessly (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between the base stations 11 and 12, the base station 11 corresponding to the upper station may be called an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and the base station 12 corresponding to the relay station (relay) may be called an IAB node.

[0249] The base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 directly or via another base station 10. The core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), a Next Generation Core (NGC), and the like.

[0250] The core network 30 may include network functions (Network Functions (NF)) such as a User Plane Function (UPF), an Access and Mobility management Function (AMF), a Session Management Function (SMF), a Unified Data Management (UDM), an Application Function (AF), a Data Network (DN), a Location Management Function (LMF), and Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Management) (OAM). A single network node may provide multiple functions. Communication with an external network (e.g., the Internet) may also be performed via the DN.

[0251] The user terminal 20 may be a terminal that supports at least one of communication methods such as LTE, LTE-A, and 5G.

[0252] An Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-based radio access scheme may be used in the wireless communication system 1. For example, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or the like may be used in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL).

[0253] The radio access scheme may also be called a waveform. Note that in the wireless communication system 1, other radio access schemes (e.g., other single-carrier transmission schemes, other multi-carrier transmission schemes) may be used as the UL and DL radio access schemes.

[0254] In the wireless communication system 1, a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), etc. may be used as the downlink channel.

[0255] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), or the like may be used as an uplink channel.

[0256] The PDSCH transmits user data, higher layer control information, a System Information Block (SIB), etc. The PUSCH may transmit user data, higher layer control information, etc. Furthermore, the PBCH may transmit a Master Information Block (MIB).

[0257] Lower layer control information may be transmitted by the PDCCH. The lower layer control information may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) including scheduling information for at least one of the PDSCH and the PUSCH.

[0258] Note that the DCI for scheduling the PDSCH may be referred to as a DL assignment, a DL DCI, etc., and the DCI for scheduling the PUSCH may be referred to as a UL grant, a UL DCI, etc. Note that the PDSCH may be replaced with DL data, and the PUSCH may be replaced with UL data.

[0259] A control resource set (CORESET) and a search space may be used to detect the PDCCH. The CORESET corresponds to resources for searching for DCI. The search space corresponds to a search region and a search method for PDCCH candidates. One CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE may monitor the CORESET associated with a certain search space based on the search space configuration.

[0260] One search space may correspond to PDCCH candidates corresponding to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be referred to as a search space set. Note that the terms "search space," "search space set," "search space configuration," "search space set configuration," "CORESET," "CORESET configuration," and the like in the present disclosure may be read interchangeably.

[0261] The PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) including at least one of channel state information (CSI), delivery confirmation information (which may be called, for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR). The PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with a cell.

[0262] In the present disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc. may be expressed without adding "link." Also, various channels may be expressed without adding "Physical" to the beginning.

[0263] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc. may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, as the DL-RS, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc. may be transmitted.

[0264] The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including an SS (PSS, SSS) and a PBCH (and a DMRS for the PBCH) may be referred to as an SS / PBCH block, an SS Block (SSB), or the like. Note that the SS, SSB, and the like may also be referred to as a reference signal.

[0265] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, a sounding reference signal (SRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), or the like may be transmitted as an uplink reference signal (UL-RS). Note that the DMRS may also be called a user equipment-specific reference signal (UE-specific reference signal).

[0266] (Base Station) Fig. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transceiver unit 120, a transceiver antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that the base station may include one or more of each of the control unit 110, the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission line interface 140.

[0267] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0268] The control unit 110 performs overall control of the base station 10. The control unit 110 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are explained based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0269] The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may control transmission and reception using the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140, measurement, etc. The control unit 110 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals, and transfer them to the transceiver unit 120. The control unit 110 may perform call processing (setting up, releasing, etc.) of communication channels, status management of the base station 10, management of radio resources, etc.

[0270] The transceiver unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transceiver unit 120 may be configured with a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0271] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be configured from a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be configured from a transmission processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may be configured from a reception processing unit 1212, the RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.

[0272] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be configured from an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates, such as an array antenna.

[0273] The transceiver 120 may transmit the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 120 may receive the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0274] The transceiver 120 may form at least one of the transmit beam and the receive beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0275] The transmitter / receiver unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer processing, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), Medium Access Control (MAC) layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 110, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0276] The transmitter / receiver unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0277] The transceiver unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transceiver antenna 130.

[0278] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 130.

[0279] The transceiver 120 (reception processing unit 1212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, thereby acquiring user data, etc.

[0280] The transceiver 120 (measurement unit 123) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.

[0281] The transmission path interface 140 may transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between devices included in the core network 30 (e.g., network nodes that provide NF), other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0282] The transmitting section and receiving section of the base station 10 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving section 120, the transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140.

[0283] The base station 10 may be separated into three elements: a radio unit (RU), a distributed unit (DU), and a central unit (CU). For example, the RU may implement RF processing (digital beamforming, digital-to-analog conversion, analog beamforming, etc.) and lower-level functions of the physical layer (precoding, IFFT, FFT, etc.). The DU may implement higher-level functions of the physical layer (coding to resource element mapping, etc.), MAC layer functions, and RLC layer functions. The CU may implement the functions of the PDCP layer, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, and RRC layer.

[0284] In the present disclosure, the base station 10 may include a single device that realizes all of the functions of the RU, DU, and CU, or may include multiple devices that each realize some of the functions of the RU, DU, and CU and are connected to each other. In the present disclosure, the base station 10 may be interchangeably read as RU / DU / CU.

[0285] The transceiver 120 may transmit information for setting one path loss (PL) offset to be applied to one sounding reference signal (SRS) resource (first embodiment).

[0286] The control unit 110 may instruct to determine the transmission power for the one SRS resource based on the one PL offset (first embodiment).

[0287] The transceiver 120 may transmit information for setting one path loss (PL) offset (e.g., a common PL offset) or multiple PL offsets (e.g., resource-specific PL offsets, subset-specific PL offsets) to be applied to multiple sounding reference signal (SRS) resources (second embodiment).

[0288] The control unit 110 may instruct to determine the transmission power for the plurality of SRS resources based on the one PL offset or the plurality of PL offsets (second embodiment).

[0289] (User Terminal) Fig. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transceiver unit 220, and a transceiver antenna 230. Note that the user terminal 20 may include one or more of each of the control unit 210, the transceiver unit 220, and the transceiver antenna 230.

[0290] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0291] The control unit 210 performs overall control of the user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0292] The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may control transmission and reception, measurement, etc. using the transceiver unit 220 and the transceiver antenna 230. The control unit 210 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals and transfer them to the transceiver unit 220.

[0293] The transceiver unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transceiver unit 220 may be configured with a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0294] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be composed of a transmission processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may be composed of a reception processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.

[0295] The transmitting / receiving antenna 230 can be configured from an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates, such as an array antenna.

[0296] The transceiver 220 may receive the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 220 may transmit the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0297] The transceiver unit 220 may form at least one of the transmit beam and the receive beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0298] The transceiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 210, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0299] The transmitter / receiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0300] Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the setting of transform precoding. When transform precoding is enabled for a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), the transceiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as the transmission processing to transmit the channel using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, and if not, it may not be necessary to perform DFT processing as the transmission processing.

[0301] The transceiver unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transceiver antenna 230.

[0302] On the other hand, the transceiver unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transceiver antenna 230.

[0303] The transceiver unit 220 (reception processing unit 2212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, and acquire user data, etc.

[0304] The transceiver 220 (measurement unit 223) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 may perform RRM measurements, CSI measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 may measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.

[0305] The measurement unit 223 may derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on the channel measurement resources. The channel measurement resources may be, for example, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. The measurement unit 223 may also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on the interference measurement resources. The interference measurement resources may be at least one of an NZP CSI-RS resource for interference measurement, a CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resource, etc. Note that CSI-IM may be referred to as CSI-Interference Management (IM) or may be interchangeably read as Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS. Note that in the present disclosure, CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc. may be interchangeably read as interchangeable.

[0306] The transmitting unit and receiving unit of the user terminal 20 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving unit 220 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0307] The transceiver 220 may receive information for setting one path loss (PL) offset to be applied to one sounding reference signal (SRS) resource (first embodiment).

[0308] The control unit 210 may determine the transmission power for the one SRS resource based on the one PL offset (first embodiment).

[0309] The transceiver 220 may receive information for setting one path loss (PL) offset (e.g., a common PL offset) or multiple PL offsets (e.g., resource-specific PL offsets, subset-specific PL offsets) to be applied to multiple sounding reference signal (SRS) resources (second embodiment).

[0310] The control unit 210 may determine transmission power for the plurality of SRS resources based on the one PL offset or the plurality of PL offsets.

[0311] The one PL offset may be an offset common to all of the plurality of SRS resources (second embodiment).

[0312] Each of the multiple PL offsets may be an offset specific to one SRS resource (eg, a resource-specific PL offset) (second embodiment).

[0313] Each of the plurality of PL offsets may be an offset specific to a subset of SRS resources included in the plurality of SRS resources (for example, a subset-specific PL offset) (second embodiment).

[0314] The control unit 210 may calculate a precoder for each of the plurality of SRS resources (second embodiment).

[0315] (Hardware Configuration) Note that the block diagrams used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wires, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may be realized by combining software with the single device or the multiple devices.

[0316] Here, the functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, election, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, deeming, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission may be called a transmitting unit, transmitter, etc. As described above, the implementation method of each is not particularly limited.

[0317] For example, a base station, a user terminal, or the like according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. The above-described base station 10 and user terminal 20 may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, and the like.

[0318] In the present disclosure, the terms apparatus, circuit, device, section, unit, etc. may be used interchangeably. The hardware configurations of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include one or more of the devices shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the devices.

[0319] For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown, there may be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing may be performed by one processor, or processing may be performed by two or more processors simultaneously, serially, or in other ways. Furthermore, processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips.

[0320] Each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 is realized, for example, by loading specified software (programs) onto hardware such as a processor 1001 and a memory 1002, causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication via the communication device 1004, and control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0321] The processor 1001, for example, runs an operating system to control the entire computer. The processor 1001 may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc. For example, at least a part of the above-mentioned control unit 110 (210), transceiver unit 120 (220), etc. may be realized by the processor 1001.

[0322] The processor 1001 also reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes in accordance with these. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and the other functional blocks may be implemented in a similar manner.

[0323] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured by at least one of, for example, Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically EEPROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), or other suitable storage medium. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, cache, main memory, etc. The memory 1002 may store executable programs (program codes), software modules, etc. for implementing a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0324] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be composed of at least one of, for example, a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disc (e.g., a Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray disc), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.

[0325] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, or a communication module. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmission / reception unit 120 (220), transmission / reception antenna 130 (230), etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004. The transmission / reception unit 120 (220) may be implemented as a transmission unit 120a (220a) and a reception unit 120b (220b) that are physically or logically separated.

[0326] The input device 1005 is an input device (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that accepts input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (e.g., a display, a speaker, a light emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (e.g., a touch panel).

[0327] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0328] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized using this hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0329] In addition, the devices included in the core network 30 (for example, network nodes that provide NF) may also be realized by the above-mentioned functional block / hardware configuration.

[0330] (Modifications) Note that terms described in the present disclosure and terms necessary for understanding the present disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, a channel, a symbol, and a signal (signal or signaling) may be interchangeable. A signal may also be a message. A reference signal may be abbreviated as RS, and may also be called a pilot, pilot signal, etc. depending on the applicable standard. A component carrier (CC) may also be called a cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0331] A radio frame may be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of the one or more periods (frames) constituting a radio frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0332] Here, the numerology may be a communication parameter applied to at least one of transmission and reception of a signal or channel, and may indicate at least one of, for example, Subcarrier Spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, Transmission Time Interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering performed by a transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing performed by a transceiver in the time domain.

[0333] A slot may be composed of one or more symbols (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol) in the time domain. A slot may also be a time unit based on numerology.

[0334] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0335] A radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals. The radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol. Note that the time units such as a frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol in the present disclosure may be interchangeable.

[0336] For example, one subframe may be referred to as a TTI, or multiple consecutive subframes may be referred to as a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be referred to as a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc. instead of a subframe.

[0337] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each user terminal) to each user terminal in TTI units. Note that the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0338] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0339] When one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0340] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a regular TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0341] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and greater than or equal to 1 ms.

[0342] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined based on numerology.

[0343] In addition, an RB may include one or more symbols in the time domain and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI, each of which may be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0344] In addition, one or more RBs may be referred to as a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0345] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0346] A Bandwidth Part (BWP), which may also be referred to as a partial bandwidth, may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a Common Reference Point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a BWP and numbered within the BWP.

[0347] The BWP may include a UL BWP (BWP for UL) and a DL BWP (BWP for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0348] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0349] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc. may be changed in various ways.

[0350] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by a predetermined index.

[0351] The names used for parameters and the like in this disclosure are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions and the like using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0352] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0353] Furthermore, information, signals, etc. may be output from a higher layer to a lower layer and / or from a lower layer to a higher layer. Information, signals, etc. may be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0354] Input and output information, signals, etc. may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input and output information, signals, etc. may be overwritten, updated, or added. Output information, signals, etc. may be deleted. Input information, signals, etc. may be transmitted to another device.

[0355] With respect to any information (e.g., variables, constants, parameters) described in the present disclosure, even if not specifically stated in the above embodiments, any first device (e.g., UE / base station) may notify any second device (e.g., base station / UE) of information indicating / specifying (or relating to) the value of the any information.

[0356] The notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information in the present disclosure may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI) and Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB) and System Information Block (SIB)), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof.

[0357] Note that the physical layer signaling may be referred to as Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), etc. Furthermore, the RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, such as an RRC Connection Setup message or an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message. Furthermore, the MAC signaling may be notified using, for example, a MAC Control Element (CE).

[0358] Furthermore, notification of specified information (e.g., notification that "it is X") is not limited to explicit notification, but may be made implicitly (e.g., by not notifying the specified information or by notifying other information).

[0359] The determination may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a Boolean value represented by true or false, or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0360] Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0361] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0362] As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably. A "network" may refer to devices included in the network (e.g., base stations).

[0363] In this disclosure, terms such as "precoding," "precoder," "weight (precoding weight)," "Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)," "Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)," "spatial relation," "spatial domain filter," "transmit power," "phase rotation," "antenna port," "layer," "number of layers," "rank," "resource," "resource set," "beam," "beam width," "beam angle," "antenna," "antenna element," "panel," "UE panel," "transmitting entity," "receiving entity," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0364] In the present disclosure, the term "antenna port" may be interchangeably read as an antenna port for any signal / channel (e.g., a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port). In the present disclosure, the term "resource" may be interchangeably read as a resource for any signal / channel (e.g., a reference signal resource, an SRS resource, etc.). The resource may include time / frequency / code / space / power resources. Furthermore, the spatial domain transmission filter may include at least one of a spatial domain transmission filter and a spatial domain reception filter.

[0365] The group may include, for example, at least one of a spatial relationship group, a Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, a Reference Signal (RS) group, a Control Resource Set (CORESET) group, a PUCCH group, an antenna port group (e.g., a DMRS port group), a layer group, a resource group, a beam group, an antenna group, a panel group, and the like.

[0366] In addition, in the present disclosure, beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, codeword (CW), transport block (TB), RS, etc. may be read as interchangeable terms.

[0367] In addition, in the present disclosure, the terms TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, joint TCI state, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0368] Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms such as "QCL," "QCL assumption," "QCL relationship," "QCL type information," "QCL property / properties," "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D) property," and "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D)" may be interchangeable.

[0369] In the present disclosure, terms such as index, identifier (ID), indicator, indication, and resource ID may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms such as sequence, list, set, group, cluster, and subset may be interchangeable.

[0370] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and the spatial relationship information (TCI state) may be interchangeable. The "spatial relationship information (TCI state)" may be interchangeable with "set of spatial relationship information (TCI state)", "one or more pieces of spatial relationship information", etc. The TCI state and the TCI may be interchangeable. The spatial relationship information and the spatial relationship may be interchangeable.

[0371] In the present disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNB (eNodeB)," "gNB (gNodeB)," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," "component carrier," etc. may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, picocell, etc.

[0372] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be partitioned into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can be provided with communication service by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The terms "cell" or "sector" refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication service within that coverage.

[0373] In the present disclosure, a base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control / operate based on the information.

[0374] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0375] A mobile station may also be referred to as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0376] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0377] The mobile body is a movable object that can move at any speed and naturally includes cases where the mobile body is stationary. Examples of the mobile body include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile body may also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on an operation command.

[0378] The mobile object may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also include devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0379] 13 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, an RPM sensor 51, an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0380] The drive unit 41 is configured with at least one of an engine, a motor, and a hybrid of an engine and a motor, for example. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by a user.

[0381] The electronic control unit 49 is composed of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (for example, an input / output (IO) port) 63. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 49 from various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle. The electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0382] The signals from the various sensors 50-58 include a current signal from a current sensor 50 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by a rotation speed sensor 51, an air pressure signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 54, a depression amount signal of the accelerator pedal 43 obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a depression amount signal of the brake pedal 44 obtained by a brake pedal sensor 56, an operation signal of the shift lever 45 obtained by a shift lever sensor 57, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 58.

[0383] The information service unit 59 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a display, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information acquired from external devices via the communication module 60 or the like to provide various information / services (e.g., multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0384] The information service unit 59 may include input devices (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.) that output to the outside.

[0385] The driving assistance system unit 64 includes various devices for providing functions to prevent accidents and reduce the driver's driving burden, such as millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), Inertial Navigation Systems (INSs)), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driving assistance system unit 64 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize driving assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0386] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 transmits and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 to and from the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and the various sensors 50-58, which are provided in the vehicle 40.

[0387] The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the base station 10 or the user terminal 20 described above. Furthermore, the communication module 60 may be, for example, at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 described above (or may function as at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20).

[0388] The communication module 60 may transmit at least one of signals from the above-mentioned various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 59 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include information based on the above-mentioned input.

[0389] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on an information service unit 59 provided in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 60 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH)).

[0390] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, various sensors 50-58, and the like provided in the vehicle 40.

[0391] Furthermore, a base station in the present disclosure may be read as a user terminal. For example, the aspects / embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D) or Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the user terminal 20 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, terms such as an uplink channel and a downlink channel may be read as a sidelink channel.

[0392] Similarly, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be read as a base station, in which case the base station 10 may be configured to have the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0393] In the present disclosure, an operation described as being performed by a base station may be performed by its upper node in some cases. It is apparent that in a network including one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (such as, but not limited to, a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving-Gateway (S-GW), etc.), or a combination thereof.

[0394] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. Furthermore, the order of the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be changed unless inconsistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order, and are not limited to the particular order presented.

[0395] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be a technology other than Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is, for example, an integer or decimal number)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.17 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.19 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.21 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.22 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.23 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.24 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.25 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.26 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.27 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.28 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.29 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.30 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.31 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.32 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.33 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802. The present invention may be applied to systems that use IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other suitable wireless communication methods, or to next-generation systems that are expanded, modified, created, or defined based on these. Furthermore, the present invention may be applied to a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G).

[0396] As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0397] As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.

[0398] The term "determining" as used in this disclosure may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" may be considered to be judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, search, inquiry (e.g., looking up in a table, database, or another data structure), ascertaining, etc.

[0399] Additionally, "determining" may be considered to be "determining" receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc.

[0400] Furthermore, "determination" may be considered to be "determining" resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "determination" may be considered to be "determining" some kind of action. In the present disclosure, "determination" may be read interchangeably with the above-mentioned actions.

[0401] Furthermore, in this disclosure, "determine / determining" may be interchangeably read as "assume / assuming," "expect / expecting," "consider / considering," etc. Furthermore, in this disclosure, "does not expect to do..." may be interchangeably read as "assumes not to do...."

[0402] In the present disclosure, "expect" may be interchangeably read as "be expected." For example, "expect(s) ..." ("..." may be expressed, for example, as a that clause, a to-infinitive, etc.) may be interchangeably read as "be expected ..." or "do ... (if the above "..." is a to-infinitive, a verb with "to")," etc. "does not expect ..." may be interchangeably read as "be not expected ..." or "does not ... (if the above "..." is a to-infinitive, a verb with "to")," etc. Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected ..." may be interchangeably read as "an apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect ... from apparatus A" (for example, if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B may be a base station).

[0403] The "maximum transmit power" in this disclosure may mean the maximum value of transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0404] As used in this disclosure, the terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access."

[0405] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to one another using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., as well as using electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, light (both visible and invisible) range, etc., as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0406] In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0407] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when the term "or" is used in this disclosure, it is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0408] In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0409] In the present disclosure, terms such as "less than or equal to," "less than," "greater than," "more than," "equal to," etc. may be interchangeable. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative, as expressions with "i-th" (i is an arbitrary integer) attached (for example, "highest" may be interchangeable with "i-th highest").

[0410] In this disclosure, the terms "of," "for," "regarding," "related to," "associated with," etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0411] In the present disclosure, terms such as "when A, B," "if A, (then) B," "B upon A," "B in response to A," "B based on A," "B during / while A," "B before A," "B at (the same time as) / on A," "B after A," "B since A," and "B until A" may be interchangeable. Note that A, B, and the like herein may be replaced with appropriate expressions such as nouns, gerunds, and regular sentences, depending on the context. Note that the time difference between A and B may be approximately zero (immediately after or immediately before). A time offset may also be applied to the time at which A occurs. For example, "A" may be interchangeable with "before / after a time offset at which A occurs." The time offset (eg, one or more symbols / slots) may be predefined or may be specified by the UE based on signaled information.

[0412] In the present disclosure, timing, time, duration, time instance, any time unit (e.g., slot, subslot, symbol, subframe), period, occasion, resource, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0413] Although the invention according to the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the invention according to the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure. The description of the present disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and does not impose any limiting meaning on the invention according to the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A terminal having: a receiving unit that receives information for setting one path loss (PL) offset or multiple PL offsets to be applied to multiple sounding reference signal (SRS) resources; and a control unit that determines transmission power for the multiple SRS resources based on the one PL offset or the multiple PL offsets.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the one PL offset is an offset common to all of the plurality of SRS resources.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of PL offsets is an offset specific to one SRS resource or a subset of SRS resources included in the plurality of SRS resources.

4. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit calculates a precoder for each of the plurality of SRS resources.

5. A wireless communication method for a terminal, comprising: a step of receiving information for setting one path loss (PL) offset or multiple PL offsets to be applied to multiple sounding reference signal (SRS) resources; and a step of determining transmission power for the multiple SRS resources based on the one PL offset or the multiple PL offsets.

6. A base station having: a transmitting unit that transmits information setting one path loss (PL) offset or multiple PL offsets to be applied to multiple sounding reference signal (SRS) resources; and a control unit that instructs determining transmission power for the multiple SRS resources based on the one PL offset or the multiple PL offsets.

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