A ventilation valve with integrated gas sensor

Abstract

The present invention relates to a ventilation valve (1) which enables gases in the form of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and carbon dioxide, released in the event of thermal runaway in the battery pack in electric vehicles, to be detected by a gas sensor and the gas to be discharged by opening the valve.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] A VENTILATION VALVE WITH INTEGRATED GAS SENSOR

[0003] Technical Field

[0004] The present invention relates to a ventilation valve which enables gases in the form of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and carbon dioxide, released in the event of thermal runaway in the battery pack in electric vehicles, to be detected by a gas sensor and the gas to be discharged by opening the valve.

[0005] Background of the Invention

[0006] Lithium-based batteries can develop a dangerous condition known as thermal propagation (heat dissipation) due to overheating, overcharging / discharging, mechanical damage, or internal defects. Especially in electric vehicle applications, the time between the occurrence of thermal dissipation and heat dissipation is protected by regulations. Regulations currently set the time between the occurrence of thermal dissipation and the flame reaching the cabin of the driver at five minutes. Since the amount of energy in lithium-based batteries is high, it can take seconds for the battery pack to catch fire after thermal dissipation occurs due to any problem. As a result of the researches, foam containing polyurethane, silicone, or vermiculite, which prevents or delays the passage of heat between the cells used in the battery modules, is used. Diaphragm-type passive valves are also used to remove the gas released during thermal runaway from the battery pack. However, most of the time, the foams and valves used in battery packs are not able to quickly remove the gas released during thermal runaway and the battery pack catches fire within seconds. For this reason, in order to overcome the mentioned drawbacks, there is a need for a new ventilation valve which will discharge the harmful gases released during thermal runaway via a gas sensor integrated into the battery packs.

[0007] The Chinese patent document no. CN115663315, an application included in the state of the art, discloses a lithium-ion battery module system. The invention subject to the said Chinese patent document discloses a multi -characteristic parameter charging early warning lithium-ion battery module and a charging early warning method. The lithium-ion battery module comprises a module shell, a plurality of battery cells are embedded in the module shell side by side in a series connection mode, at least one battery cell serves as an early warning monitoring battery cell, and the rest battery cells serve as conventional battery cells. The early warning monitoring cell consists of a rectangular cell shell, a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a diaphragm and electrolyte are arranged in the cell shell, and the parts, extending out of the cell shell, of the positive electrode and the negative electrode serve as a positive terminal and a negative terminal respectively. The thermistors are arranged on the side wall of the battery cell shell and the side walls of the positive terminal and the negative terminal. A swelling sensor is arranged on the side wall of the battery cell shell. The cell shell is filled with a characteristic solid material, and a gas sensor is mounted on a valve port of a pressure release valve of the cell shell. According to the invention, whether thermal runaway occurs in the charging process of the lithium-ion battery module can be judged timely and accurately, and the early warning is simple, practical and efficient.

[0008] Summary of the Invention

[0009] An object of the present invention is to realize a ventilation valve which enables gases in the form of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and carbon dioxide, released in the event of thermal runaway in the battery pack in electric vehicles, to be detected by a gas sensor and the gas to be discharged by opening the valve. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0010] “A Ventilation Valve with Integrated Gas Sensor” realized to fulfil the objective of the present invention is shown in the figures attached, in which:

[0011] Figure 1 is an exploded view of the inventive ventilation valve.

[0012] Figure 2 is a view of the battery pack in which the inventive ventilation valve is integrated.

[0013] The components illustrated in the figures are individually numbered, where the numbers refer to the following:

[0014] 1. Ventilation valve

[0015] 2. Valve body

[0016] 3. Valve gasket

[0017] 4. Mounting element

[0018] 5. Gas sensor

[0019] 6. Electric piston

[0020] 7. Outer casing

[0021] A: Battery pack

[0022] An inventive ventilation valve (1) which enables gases in the form of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and carbon dioxide, released in the event of thermal runaway in the battery pack in electric vehicles, to be detected by a gas sensor and the gas to be discharged by opening the valve comprises; at least one valve body (2); at least one valve gasket (3) which is located at the end of the valve body at least one mounting element (4) which is connected to the valve body (2) by the valve gasket (3); at least one gas sensor (5) which is placed in the center of the mounting element (4) and enables gases in the battery pack (A) to be detected; at least one electric piston (6) which is placed on the gas sensor (5) and enables the valve to be switched to the open position when gas is detected in the battery pack (A); and at least one outer cylindrical casing (7) which is capable of containing the valve body (2), the valve seal (3), the mounting element (4), the gas sensor (5) and the electric piston (6) therein; is used for mounting these parts to the battery pack (A); and is of cylindrical structure.

[0023] The gas sensor (5) included in the inventive ventilation valve (1) is configured to enable gases in the form of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and carbon dioxide, released in the event of thermal runaway and heat dissipation in the battery pack (A), to be detected and to trigger the electric piston (6) in order for these gases to be discharged from the battery pack (A).

[0024] The electric piston (6) included in the inventive ventilation valve (1) is connected to the electrical system of the electric vehicle and is configured to obtain the electricity it needs for movement. The electric piston (6) is triggered as a result of the detection of gases in the form of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and carbon dioxide during thermal runaway in the battery pack (A) by the gas sensor (5) and enables gases in the battery pack (A) to be discharged by the valve being switched to the open position.

[0025] Industrial Application of the Invention

[0026] The inventive ventilation valve (1) is integrated into electric vehicle battery packs (A) by incorporating a gas sensor (5). During any thermal runaway or heat dissipation in the battery pack (A), it is used as an active ventilation valve as an alternative to the currently used passive ventilation valves. Since the used passive diaphragm-type valves open after the high-temperature gas filling the battery pack (A) reaches a certain pressure, the ventilation valve (1) is opened quickly via the electric piston (6) as soon as the gas in the battery pack (A) is detected by the gas sensor (5) in order to tolerate the occurring delay.

[0027] Within these basic concepts; it is possible to develop various embodiments of the inventive “A Ventilation Valve (1) with Integrated Gas Sensor”; the invention cannot be limited to examples disclosed herein and it is essentially according to claims.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A ventilation valve (1) which enables gases in the form of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and carbon dioxide, released in the event of thermal runaway in the battery pack in electric vehicles, to be detected by a gas sensor and the gas to be discharged by opening the valve; characterized in that it comprises at least one valve body (2); at least one valve gasket (3) which is located at the end of the valve body (2); at least one mounting element (4) which is connected to the valve body (2) by the valve gasket (3); at least one gas sensor (5) which is placed in the center of the mounting element (4) and enables gases in the battery pack (A) to be detected; at least one electric piston (6) which is placed on the gas sensor (5) and enables the valve to be switched to the open position when gas is detected in the battery pack (A); and at least one outer cylindrical casing (7) which is capable of containing the valve body (2), the valve seal (3), the mounting element (4), the gas sensor (5) and the electric piston (6) therein; is used for mounting these parts to the battery pack (A); and is of cylindrical structure.

2. A ventilation valve (1) according to Claim 1; characterized by the gas sensor (5) which is configured to enable gases in the form of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and carbon dioxide, released in the event of thermal runaway and heat dissipation in the battery pack (A), to be detected and to trigger the electric piston (6) in order for these gases to be discharged from the battery pack (A).

3. A ventilation valve (1) according to Claim 1 or 2; characterized by the electric piston (6) which is connected to the electrical system of the electric vehicle and is configured to obtain the electricity it needs for movement.

4. A ventilation valve (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the electric piston (6) which is triggered as a result of the detection of gases in the form of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and carbon dioxide during thermal runaway in the battery pack (A) by the gas sensor (5) and enables gases in the battery pack (A) to be discharged by the valve being switched to the open position.

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