Illuminable laminated glazing element for a vehicle, and vehicle having such an illuminable laminated glazing element

Abstract

The invention relates to an illuminable laminated glazing element (100) for a vehicle, including a first transparent glass sheet (1), a second transparent sheet (2) having a refractive index n1 in the visible region with a third main face F3, a polymer laminating interlayer (3) including an upper interlayer (31), a lower interlayer (32), a thermoplastic polymer film (5'), referred to as carrier film, between the upper interlayer and a lower interlayer (32), the carrier film having a haze H1 in a range from 0.5% to 2%, and having, on the front face (51'), an optical isolator layer (5).

Description

Description Title of the invention: ILLUMINABLE LAMINATED GLASS ELEMENT FOR VEHICLES, VEHICLE WITH SUCH AN ILLUMINABLE LAMINATED GLASS ELEMENT

[0001] The present invention relates to an illuminable laminated glazing for vehicles, in particular road vehicle glazing.

[0002] It is known to have multifunctional road vehicle roofs that can be illuminated by lighting, for example, light-emitting diodes.

[0003] Regarding vehicle roof lighting, light-emitting diodes have been used for glazed elements of road vehicles, including panoramic laminated elements with LED lighting as described in document WO2010049638. The light emitted by the diodes is introduced edge-on into the inner glazing forming a guide, the light being extracted from the glazing by a diffusing layer on the glazing.

[0004] To improve light extraction, document WO2015118279 proposes a luminous laminated vehicle roof incorporating within the thermoplastic lamination interlayer a fluoropolymer film with a thickness of at least 600nm, with a refractive index n2 at 550nm, the inner glass being a guide layer with a refractive index n1, n1-n2 being at least 0.08, the fluoropolymer film then forming an optical insulator between the inner glass and the outer glass.

[0005] The present invention sought to develop a laminated vehicle glazing, alternative and even opening up the range of applications.

[0006] To this end, the present invention relates to an illuminable laminated glass element for a vehicle, particularly a road vehicle, comprising: - laminated glass, preferably curved, transparent, comprising: - a first transparent sheet, made of mineral glass (clear or tinted), with a first main face F1, a second opposing main face F2 and a first slice, intended to form the outer glass, - a polymer laminate interlayer comprising a top interlayer, in adhesive contact with the second face F2 or with a functional transparent coating on face F2, - a second transparent sheet, made of mineral glass (preferably extra-clear) or polymer, with a third principal face F3, a fourth opposing principal face F4 and a second slice, with a refractive index n1 in the visible range, and - the glazed element comprising a transparent optical insulating layer with a refractive index n2 in the visible range, an optical insulating layer of submillimeter thickness Ei and of at least 400nm, and the glazed element comprises a coated substrate which includes: - a transparent film, called carrier film, polymer (preferably thermoplastic), distinct from a fluoropolymer, with a main front face Fa oriented towards face F2 and an opposite main rear face Fb, of submillimeter thickness Ef and at least 30|jm, carrier film having a blur value H1 which is in a range from 0.5% to 2% better to 1%, - the optical insulating layer, which is an optical insulating coating (made of a material comprising a matrix preferably distinct from a fluoropolymer), on the front face Fa of the carrier film, and a slice, - the coated substrate being laminated between the second and third faces F2 and F3, and is between the upper interlayer and a lower interlayer (of refractive index n3 in the visible) in adhesive contact with the third face F3 or with a functional transparent coating on the face F3, in particular a film carrier of refractive index n0 greater than n1 (and n3), in particular of at least 1.52 n2 is less than n1, the difference of refractive indices n1-n2 being at least 0.06 in the visible.

[0007] Surprisingly, the inventors demonstrated that controlled blurring of the carrier film provides a soft and homogeneous background light. The blur must not be too pronounced to distribute the light evenly across the surface, maintaining guided beams as they move away from the injection point. In particular, a blur value of no more than 2%, preferably no more than 1%, provides more homogeneous diffused lighting, ideally across the entire surface and even the glass area. This also allows the desired level of visibility to be maintained outside, especially in road vehicles, even when the film is off. When the carrier film has a propagation length of at least 40 cm, defined along the axis of propagation of the guided light, it is preferable to duplicate the injection system by adding another upper redirecting element (and another primary light source) opposite the first edge.

[0008] It is recalled that the level of diffusion of a substrate can be characterized by the value of the blur (or blur factor), measured in a known way by a blur measurement device (Haze in English), also called a "Haze meter".

[0009] According to one characteristic, the difference in refractive indices n1-n2 is at least 0.08 in the visible and the thickness Ei is at least 500nm, and even at least 800nm.

[0010] According to one characteristic, H1 is at most 1% and even at least 0.7%.

[0011] In particular, the luminance is on the order of 1 cd / m 2 The homogeneous luminous background, thanks to the blur of the carrier film, can provide a curtain effect, preserving privacy.

[0012] The light transmission of the carrier film can be at least 80% or 85%.

[0013] The carrier film can be a polycrystalline film (to help generate the blur).

[0014] The carrier film can be a thermoplastic polymer or even a cross-linked polymer, in particular: - polyester, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT), poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN), - polyimide, polyamide.

[0015] Preferably, the carrier film is a polyester film, or even PET, with an Ef value of no more than 300 µm, or even no more than 200 µm. PET is particularly clear. Its light transmission can be at least 80% or 85%.

[0016] According to one characteristic, the glazed element has a viewable area, and the coated substrate covers this viewable area (extending over a surface S that completely occupies the viewable area, and preferably extending beyond it). Preferably, the coated substrate has an edge that is masked from the outside of the glazed element (and even from the inside), particularly under an internal peripheral masking layer that delimits the viewable area, forming a peripheral frame, especially for fixed glazing (roof, side glazing), or at least three peripheral bands, especially for an opening side window.

[0017] The glazed element can be an opening side window; the redirecting element and the light source are below the visibility limit. The glazed element can also be a fixed side window or a roof; the redirecting element and even the light source are below the internal masking layer.

[0018] According to one feature, the optical insulating coating comprises a crosslinked polymer matrix with said index n2, preferably of no more than 1.42, matrix preferably among polyacrylate-based polymers with a fluorinated function, in particular urethane acrylate or fluorourethane acrylate or fluorosilicone acrylate, and / or the optical insulating coating comprises a matrix with a refractive index n2 m greater than n2 and less than n1, and preferably with n2 mof at most 1.48 and n2 preferably of at most 1.42, and comprising (nano)porosity and / or (nano)particles of low index, of refractive index less than n1, in particular hollow, preferably of size of at most 300nm. According to one characteristic, the matrix is ​​organic, in particular crosslinked polymer or thermoplastic, in particular selected from polymer based on polyacrylate, polyepoxide, polyvinyl acetate, polyester, polyurethane, PVB, or the matrix is ​​mineral in particular silica.

[0019] According to one characteristic, the laminated glass element has a protective transparent layer, with a refractive index greater than n2, of submillimeter thickness and even of no more than 100pm, covering the optical insulating coating - in contact with the lower interlayer layer and even with a diffusing functional coating forming (other) means of light extraction.

[0020] In particular, the transparent carrier film is set back from the first or second layer by at least 10mm, and in particular the thickness Ef of the transparent carrier film is at least 0.2mm and the glazed element includes an intermediate frame layer, framing the perimeter of the coated substrate and in particular between faces F2 and F3.

[0021] According to one characteristic, the laminated glass element includes a first light source (in optical coupling with the second glass sheet) preferably on face F4 and even opposite a first periphery of the carrier film, and possibly other means of light extraction, which are preferably on the third face F3 and when the carrier film has a length in the direction of propagation of the light (guided) of at least 40cm, it includes a second light source (in optical coupling with the second glass sheet) preferably on face F4 and even opposite a second periphery of the carrier film opposite the first periphery.

[0022] The light sources may be under two edges of the carrier film or in the vicinity of these opposite edges. Alternatively (when the carrier film has a length in the direction of light propagation of at least 40 cm), the laminated glass element comprises first and second light sources opposite two slices of the second glass sheet. According to one feature, the laminated glass element comprises, under the optical insulating coating, further from face F2 than the optical insulating coating, other light extraction means, comprising a diffusing coating, preferably transparent, with a binder and diffusing particles, the binder preferably having a refractive index n5 greater than or equal to n1 (or n3), in particular of at least 1.48, preferably the lower interlayer or the second sheet is the substrate of the diffusing coating, in particular in contact with the Fb face. In particular, the binder of the diffusing coating is organic, in particular a cross-linked polymer, selected from polymers based on polyacrylate, polyepoxide, polyvinyl acetate, polyester, polyurethane.

[0023] According to one characteristic, the laminated glass element comprises, on the fourth face F4, a first light source, preferably an array of light-emitting diodes, and a first light redirection element particularly suitable for redirecting the light emitted by the first light source (for example opposite the first light source), in particular a first reflective light redirection element on the third face F3, which is a prismatic reflective element comprising reflective prisms oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2, or a first transparent light redirection element, on the fourth main face F4 and preferably, in particular for a roof (of a road vehicle),when the carrier film has a length in the direction of light propagation (guided) of at least 40cm, it includes a second light source at a second periphery of the carrier film opposite the first periphery and a second light redirection reflector element, particularly suitable for redirecting the light emitted by the second light source, in particular a second light redirection reflector element on the third face F3 which is a prismatic reflector element comprising reflector prisms oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2, or a second transparent light redirection element on the fourth main face F4.

[0024] According to one characteristic, the laminated glass element comprises, a first light source, preferably an array of light-emitting diodes, on the fourth face F4, and a first light redirection element, which is preferably a prismatic reflector element on the third face F3, comprising reflector prisms, in particular oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2, or which is preferably a transparent prismatic element on the fourth main face F4, and the first light redirection element is: - at least partially opposite the optical insulating coating, - or at most 4mm, preferably at most 1mm, from the optical insulating coating.

[0025] Preferably, especially for a roof, the laminated glass element comprises, - a first light source, preferably an array of light-emitting diodes, on the fourth face F4 (and at the first periphery), and a first light redirection element, which is preferably a prismatic reflector element on the third face F3, comprising reflector prisms, in particular oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2, or which is preferably a transparent prismatic element on the fourth main face F4, and the first light redirection element is: - at least partially opposite the optical insulating coating, - or at most 4mm, preferably at most 1mm, from the optical insulating coating; - a second light source, preferably an array of light-emitting diodes, on the fourth side F4 (at a second periphery of the carrier film opposite the first periphery), and a second light redirection element, which is preferably a prismatic reflector element on the third side F3, comprising reflector prisms, in particular oriented towards the third side F3 or towards the second side F2, or which is preferably a transparent prismatic element on the fourth main side F4, and the second light redirection element is: - at least partially opposite the optical insulating coating, - or at most 4mm, preferably at most 1mm, from the optical insulating coating.

[0026] According to one characteristic, the first light redirection element is a prismatic reflector element, comprising reflector prisms oriented towards the third face F3, arranged on the third main face F3, with the reflector prisms in contact with the lower interlayer or preferably with a local adhesive. Preferably, particularly for a roof, the second light redirection element (coupled with a second light source) is a prismatic reflector element, comprising reflector prisms oriented towards the third face F3, arranged on the third main face F3, with the reflector prisms in contact with the lower interlayer or preferably with a local adhesive.

[0027] In some embodiments, the reflecting prisms of the reflecting prism element have an inclined face (redirecting, therefore receiving and redirecting the light) forming an angle of 30° to 50° with the smooth face of the reflecting prism element (with the plane of the reflecting prism element). The inclined surfaces of the prisms are, in particular, formed in the micrometer range. The length of the inclined faces (in cross-section) of the prisms is, for example, preferably from 10 pm to 250 pm, and more specifically preferably from 20 pm to 100 pm, for example approximately 30 pm. And / or the prisms may have a height of at least 1 pm and preferably of at most 100, 50, or 30 pm.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the prismatic element is a flexible polymer (or metallic) film. The film, in particular the prismatic polymer or prism substrate (prismatic layer, organic for example), may be less than 200 µm, 100 µm, 80 µm, or 50 µm thick, and even at least 30 µm thick. If the reflective prisms are oriented towards the third face F3, the substrate film may be tinted and even opaque or opacified. For example, it may be a tinted or even opaque (black) PET supporting the reflective prisms. Preferably, the reflective prismatic element has a total thickness of at most 500 µm, or even 400 µm, 200 µm, or 100 µm, and even at least 30 µm.

[0029] In one embodiment of the invention, the prismatic reflector element is a rigid (micro)textured plate, in particular made of glass or plastic with a reflective layer, or a metal plate, for example a (micro)textured aluminum plate.

[0030] The glazed element may include an optical module that carries the light source. For example, the optical module may be attached to a peripheral seal, a profiled seal of the glazing (polymer encapsulation, etc.), and / or to the F4 face (outside the light injection zone). The optical module may have a face oriented towards the F4 face that is substantially horizontal.

[0031] The glazed element may be available with or without the light source. In one or more embodiments, the glazed element includes the (elongated) light source, in particular an array of light-emitting diodes (LED strip), preferably having a divergence of no more than 8°, positioned on the fourth principal face F4, for example, facing the light redirection element. The light source (each LED) has a principal emission direction relative to a normal to the fourth principal face F4.

[0032] In an embodiment with the first light source and a prismatic reflector film, the angle of the principal emission direction of the light source (diodes) with the normal to the plane of the glazing (i.e., the angle of incidence) is preferably no more than 30° and even 25°, preferably with a divergence of no more than 8°. In particular, the principal emission direction with respect to a normal to the fourth principal face F4 emits a cone of light with an angle in the range of 22° ± 4°, or even in the range of 22° ± 2°. Preferably, a collimator can be inserted between the light source and face F4. The light source can be oblique to the plane of the glazing, to face F4. Reflecting prisms can have an inclined (redirecting) face with an angle of 35° to 50°, in particular 40° to 50° with the smooth face (opposite to the textured face).

[0033] In another embodiment with the first light source and a prismatic reflector film, the angle of the principal direction of emission of the light source with the normal to the plane (i.e., the angle of incidence) is preferably 0° ± 5°, preferably with a divergence of at most 8°. In particular, the principal direction of emission with respect to a normal to the fourth principal face F4 emits a cone of light with angles within the range [0° ± 4°], or even [0° ± 2°]. Preferably, a collimator can be inserted between the light source and face F4. The light source can be (approximately) parallel to the plane of the glazing. The reflector prisms can have an inclined (redirecting) face with an angle of 30° to 40°, in particular 35° to 40°, with the smooth face.

[0034] Preferably, a collimator can be inserted between the light source and the F4 face. In the simplest case, the collimator is a type of converging lens, with the light source preferably positioned at its focal point. The collimator can be made of glass or transparent plastic, particularly polycarbonate (PC) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The collimator is preferably attached to an optical module that carries the light source. If the light source is designed as a (linear) arrangement of LEDs, a separate collimator can be provided for each LED. However, it is preferable to use a common collimator for all the LEDs. For example, in the case of a linear LED array, a strip-shaped collimator with a length at least equal to the length of the LED array can be used. The face The exit point of the collimator can be substantially horizontal.

[0035] According to one characteristic, the laminated glass element comprises, between the upper interlayer and the lower interlayer, above said optical insulating coating, an electro-controllable device, in particular with variable diffusion and / or tint, comprising an electroactive layer between a front electroconductive support on the second face F2 and a rear electroconductive support on the third face F3, or a photovoltaic device and preferably in that the lamination interlayer comprises an additional interlayer, the coated substrate being sandwiched between the additional interlayer and the lower interlayer.

[0036] According to one characteristic, an electro-controllable device is a liquid crystal cell preferably incorporating dichroic dyes or is an electrochromic layer, in particular the liquid crystal cell is a host-guest cell called "GHLC" (for "Guest-Host Liquid Crystal" in English) or a polymer-based cell such as a PDLC cell (for "Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal" in English), or a PNLC cell (for "Polymer Network Liquid Crystal" in English) or a PSLC cell (for "Polymer stabilized liquid crystal" or a DDPDLC cell (for "Dye-Doped Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal" in English).

[0037] A DDPDLC cell exhibits a discontinuous phase of microscopic liquid crystal (LC) droplets within the continuous polymer matrix phase. The shapes, sizes, and distribution of these droplets depend on numerous physicochemical parameters (and the phase separation method used). When switched off, the DDPDLC scatters light due to the presence of microdroplets with a refractive index different from that of the polymer matrix. The DDPDLC also absorbs light due to the presence of dichroic dyes in the LC phase. The combination of these two properties results in a dark and hazy (opaque) appearance.When illuminated, the dyes and LCs are oriented perpendicular to the film plane, and therefore the light is not (or only slightly) scattered. The refractive index matches that of the polymer matrix, and the absorption cross-section is low, resulting in a transparent and clear appearance. Examples of DDPDLC cells are described in patent application CN 117567875.

[0038] A liquid crystal cell called a guest host cell (or GH for "guest host" in English), with variable color (light to dark state and vice versa), has an electroactive layer comprising a liquid volume of liquid crystals mixed with dichroic (dissolved) dyes, electroactive layer between a support, in particular dielectric and transparent, upper (electrode) comprising an upper electrode in particular transparent, surmounted by an upper alignment layer and a lower (electrode) support in particular dielectric and transparent comprising a lower electrode in particular transparent surmounted by a lower alignment layer, the electroactive layer being between the lower and upper alignment layers, the lower support being closer to the F3 face than the upper support, in particular the guest host cell being surrounded by an intercalated laminated frame layer (based on PVB).A host-guest cell is advantageous because it offers a very fast switching time, a strong. contrast between light and dark states, a slight blur and a hue that can be neutral.

[0039] An electrically controllable device may include a single guest host cell or a set of sub-cells separated by separators forming an interconnected network, preferably polymer-based with a width of no more than 100 pm.

[0040] According to one characteristic, in particular when the laminated glazing element is a side glazing, especially an opening one, at least the first sheet has a first irregular lower longitudinal edge having at least a first protruding portion called the first overhang, and the glazing element has a longitudinal light source, in particular extending horizontally, and below the lower visibility limit of the glazing, at a distance from a glazing fixing area intended to be coupled to a window lifting system, fixing area connected to the first overhang.

[0041] Below the lower visibility limit, the "height" of the glazing may vary longitudinally between the rear and the front, this height being the distance between the visibility limit and the lower longitudinal edge. For example, this height is at least 10 cm and at most 80 cm.

[0042] The irregular edge, for example, has a centrally curvilinear section forming a downward-oriented concave profile, and the fixing areas are peripheral.

[0043] The opening side window is linked to a window regulator (for the vertical movement of said window relative to a door of said vehicle). A drive device for the side window is selectively controlled by means of a mechanism, such as a crank or a button, to move the window vertically relative to the door, respectively between a closed position and at least one open position.

[0044] To ensure the connection of a side window with the drive device housed in the door, a distinction is generally made between a first type of connection using a clamping assembly and a second type of connection using a screwing assembly.

[0045] In the case of a clamping connection, the connecting means include, for example, one or a pair of Y-shaped connecting pieces, also known as a glass holder, typically attached to the glazing by bonding. Each connecting piece (called a "holder") interacts with each of the glazing faces, internal and external respectively. This connecting piece is positioned near the lower edge below the lower limit of visibility, i.e., in the concealed area within the door, in order to connect the side glazing to the drive mechanism during movement.

[0046] In the case of a screw connection, the side glazing has at least one fixing area (protruding), in particular central, sometimes two (protruding) fixing areas depending on the glazing, in particular peripheral, which are made in the non-visible area located below the lower limit of visibility.

[0047] In laminated glazing used as side glazing, there is a particular type of glazing called "asymmetrical" which is characterized by the fact that at least the shorter inner pane of glass does not cover the other pane(s) of glazing at the fixing area.

[0048] Thus, according to a particular embodiment, the inner pane is of reduced size, the second slice is straight, in particular horizontal, and below the lower visibility limit of the glazing, the longitudinal light source is housed under face F2 along the second slice for optical coupling by the second slice or in that the second sheet has a second irregular lower longitudinal edge having at least one protruding portion called a second overhang opposite said first overhang, the longitudinal light source on face F4 and the glazing preferably includes a light redirection reflector element on face F3 in particular capable of redirecting the light emitted by the longitudinal light source (for example opposite the longitudinal light source), below the lower visibility limit of the glazing.

[0049] An asymmetrical glazing unit has an inner pane of glass that is not traversed by any means of connection between the glazing and the drive mechanism, since this inner pane of glass does not have any fixing holes. The fixing area(s) have at least one fixing hole through the glazing. The fixing hole, opening onto both faces of the glazing, is designed to receive connecting means, said connecting means generally comprising an axis connected to the drive mechanism, for example, a threaded rod. Consequently, from a mechanical standpoint, the inner pane of glass in such an asymmetrical glazing unit is connected to the drive mechanism only through the other panes of glass, that is to say, indirectly via the interlayer due to the assembly of the constituent panes of the laminated glazing.

[0050] To achieve this, the opening side glazing may have one or more holes partially or totally passing through the glazing, one or more attachment gutters or glass holders, one or more rails, or slides.

[0051] The opening side glazing may include at least one, and preferably at least two, glass doors having, for example, in cross-section, a shape substantially resembling an inverted U or even an inverted h. Parallel walls of the h shape enclose the glazing in its lower part, and a tail is then located substantially in line with the glazing.

[0052] This h-shaped glass carrier allows the transmission of forces between the glass carrier and the glass over a large area corresponding to the sum of the inner areas of the parallel walls; however, it is quite possible to use a simple plate, this plate having for example at least two parts: a first part for cooperation with the glass and a second part for cooperation with the glass drive mechanism (raising / lowering).

[0053] Since the glazing is curved, the parallel walls and / or the tail may be curved.

[0054] The glass carrier(s) is / are, for example, glued using an adhesive such as polyurethane, then "fitted" onto the glazing, that is to say, it / they is / are positioned so that the glazing is present in the U-shape, with or without a stop, by inserting a plastic insert material, such as polypropylene, between the parallel walls and the glazing. In a variant, in-situ injection of ma- An adhesive layer is used to form the insert material, which is made of thermoplastic hot melt resin, for example, polyamide-based. The glass holders used are, for example, metallic, made of aluminum alloy.

[0055] Depending on one characteristic, the laminated glass element comprises at least one of the following functional elements: - an internal, peripheral, opaque masking layer between the second face F2 and the third face F3, and even covering the perimeter of the optical insulating coating and even the coated substrate, particularly in contact with the second face F2, in particular defining a clear view (or view window), - an inner, peripheral, opaque masking layer on the fourth face F4, in particular congruent with or narrower than the width of the inner masking layer, - an internal peripheral opaque element located between the second face F2 and the third face F3, specifically for internal masking of a light source and a light redirection element, in particular a transparent prismatic film or reflector, - an internal (electroconductive) coating, in particular infrared-reflective such as a stack of silver layer(s), on the second face F2 on the first, clear sheet, or on an additional film, in particular a polymer, - an external coating, reflecting infrared, such as a transparent conductive oxide layer stack, on the fourth face F4 of the second mineral glass sheet.

[0056] The invention also relates to a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, incorporating an illuminable laminated glass element of the aforementioned invention.

[0057] The present invention is now described by means of purely illustrative and in no way limiting examples of the scope of the invention, and from the accompanying illustrations, in which: - [Fig. 1] represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 100, in particular a motor vehicle roof according to the invention in a first embodiment. - [Fig. 1a] represents a detailed view of the prismatic reflector film used to redirect the light. - [Fig. 1'] represents a schematic front view of the roof of figure 1. - [Fig. 1”] represents a schematic front view of a variant of roof 100. - [Fig. 2] represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 200 of a motor vehicle according to the invention in a second embodiment. - [Fig. 3] represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 300 of a motor vehicle according to the invention in a third embodiment. - [Fig. 3a] represents a detailed view of the prismatic reflector film of figure 3, then used to redirect the light. - [Fig. 4] represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 400 of a motor vehicle according to the invention in a fourth embodiment. - [Fig. 4a] represents a detailed view of the prismatic reflector film of figure 4, then used to redirect the light. - [Fig. 5] represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 500 of a motor vehicle according to the invention in a fifth embodiment. - [Fig. 6] represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 600 of a motor vehicle according to the invention in a sixth embodiment. - [Fig 7] represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 700 of a motor vehicle according to the invention in a seventh embodiment. - [Fig 8] represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 800 of a motor vehicle according to the invention in an eighth embodiment. - [Fig 8'] represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 800' of a motor vehicle according to the invention in a variant of the eighth embodiment. - [Fig 9] represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 900 of a motor vehicle according to the invention in a ninth embodiment. - [Fig 10] represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 1000 of a motor vehicle according to the invention in a tenth embodiment, incorporating an electro-controllable device. - [Fig. 10a] represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of an electrically controllable device such as a liquid crystal cell, inserted into the laminated glazing of figure 10 and comprising a barrier element. - [Fig. 10b] represents a schematic cross-sectional view of another example of a liquid crystal cell, inserted into the laminated glazing of Figure 10 and comprising a barrier element. - [Fig. 10c] represents a schematic cross-sectional view of another example of a liquid crystal cell, inserted into the laminated glazing of Figure 10 and comprising a barrier element. - [Fig. 10d] represents a schematic cross-sectional view of yet another example of a liquid crystal cell, inserted into the laminated glazing of figure 10 and comprising a barrier element. - [Fig. 10e], [Fig. 10f], [Fig. 10g] and [Fig. 10h] each represent a schematic front view of an example of a side opening glazing according to the invention. - [Fig 11] represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 1100 of a motor vehicle according to the invention in an eleventh embodiment. - [Fig 12] represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 1200 of a motor vehicle according to the invention in a twelfth embodiment.

[0058] It should be noted that, for the sake of clarity, the different elements of the objects represented are not necessarily reproduced to scale.

[0059] Figure 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view, here lateral, of an illuminable laminated glass element such as a laminated vehicle roof 100 according to the invention, in a first embodiment with peripheral lighting. Figure T shows a schematic front view of the roof of Figure 1. In particular, for a fixed roof (canopy), the width is 85 cm to 1.4 m and the length is 75cm to 1.65m.

[0060] This is a laminated car roof, 100, rectangular and curved (in one or more directions), comprising: a first sheet of glass 1, for example rectangular (dimensions 1600 x 1100 mm, for example), with a tinted composition (VENUS VG10 or TSA 4+ glass marketed by Saint-Gobain Glass with a light transmission or TL of approximately 28%), for example, with a thickness of 2.1 mm, with a first main face 11 corresponding to face F1, a second main face 12 called face F2, and an edge (longitudinal slices 10 and 10'), face F2 being optionally coated with a transparent functional coating (heating, etc.) or even face F1; a second transparent sheet, preferably mineral glass, 2, here of the same shape and dimensions as the first sheet 1, forming the internal glazing on the passenger compartment side, having a third main face 13 or face F3 and a fourth main face 14 or face F4,and an edge (longitudinal slices 20 and 20' - for example a sheet of extra-clear soda-lime silicate glass such as Diamant glass marketed by the company Saint-Gobain Glass with a TL of at least 91%, of a thickness equal for example to 2.9 mm, glass with a refractive index n1 of the order of 1.52 at 600nm or Optiwhite glass of 1.95mm, or Sunmax glass of 2.05mm, between face F2 and face F3, a laminate interlayer 3, transparent, with a longitudinal slice 30 here aligned or possibly offset from the longitudinal slices 10, 10' towards the center of the glass (therefore recessed), here comprising:, - an upper interlayer 31, in particular thermoplastic, here based on PVB (with plasticizers, at least 30% by weight), of 0.38mm or 0.76mm (in one or two sheets) in adhesive contact with face F2, clear or in a tinted variant, for example tinted grey of TL at 27%, - a lower interlayer 32 of PVB (with plasticizers, at least 10% by weight and at most 40% or 30% by weight), clear (as transparent as possible and with as few optical defects as possible), of 0.38mm or 0.76mm (in one or two sheets) in adhesive contact with face F3, of refractive index n3 of about 1.48 at 600nm, for example PVB of TL of at least 90%.

[0061] Alternatively, the lower interlayer 32 is based on PVB with little or no plasticizers (in particular less than 5% by weight) for example with a thickness of no more than 100 µm, in particular Kuraray SkyViera film or Optical grade Thin Film for example with a thickness of no more than 25 µm.

[0062] Alternatively, the lower interlayer 32 is based on crosslinked polymer adhesive material in particular adhesive polyacrylate film (preferably) or it is an adhesive coating (polyacrylate etc) obtained by depositing on the third face F3 or on the coated substrate or deposited between the third face F3 and the coated substrate (by filling).

[0063] The laminated glass element (roof) 100 has an internal masking layer 7 forming a masking frame that defines a glazed area 70 (daylight), here rectangular (see figure T) with straight edges. Any local modification of the edges 70 is possible (gradient of points, wider area, etc.). For example, the internal masking layer 7 is: - a black enamel on the F2 face, - or a black ink, on one of the faces of the upper interlayer, preferably the face oriented towards face F2, ink preferably based on PVB with black pigments if upper interlayer 31 is PVB, - the masking width at the front (front lateral edge side 10a) being, for example, 10 to 40cm, - the masking width at the rear (rear side edge 10b) being, for example, from 5 to 25cm, -the masking width on the long sides (longitudinal edges) being for example 5 to 20cm, identical or different width for the two long sides.

[0064] To optically isolate a lower portion (with light guide and light extraction) from the upper, tinted, absorbent portion, the laminated glass element 100 further comprises an optical insulating coating 5 on one face of a transparent film 5', called the carrier film, preferably a polymer film and distinct from a fluoropolymer. The carrier film has a front face Fa 51' (side face F2) and a rear face 52' (side face F3). The carrier film 5' has a propagation length of at least 40 cm, defined along a propagation axis X. The optical insulating coating 5 is on the front face Fa 5T, then called the coated (or deposition) face, of the carrier film 5'. The assembly 5, 5' is called the coated substrate. The coated substrate is sandwiched between the upper interlayer 31 and the lower interlayer 32.The coated substrate extends over a surface S which occupies the entire clear glass area and beyond, its edge 50, 50' being under the masking layer 7.

[0065] The coated substrate is set back from the edges 10, 10', 20, 20' of the leaves 1,2 by at least 10 mm. The transparent carrier film and even the coated substrate are less than 200 µm thick, or at most 100 µm, and are protected at their periphery by one or both of the lower and upper interlayers 31, 32 (particularly against creep during lamination). If the upper interlayer is clear, the interface between the two lower and upper interlayers 31, 32 may be indistinguishable.

[0066] The optical insulating coating 5 is made of a material, preferably a polymer, comprising a matrix, for example, separate from a fluoropolymer with a submillimeter thickness Ei, of at least 400 nm and preferably 500 nm or 800 nm, and a layer 50 possibly recessed from the layer of the film 50' without compromising the optical insulating function. The optical insulating coating may be applied directly or on a functional sublayer (barrier, etc.), transparent to the carrier film 5'.

[0067] The 5' carrier film is transparent but can be tinted.

[0068] Optical insulating coating 5 is transparent, and even as transparent as possible.

[0069] In one configuration, the optical insulating coating 5 comprises a crosslinked polymer matrix with said n2 index, preferably of at most 1.42 and even at least 1.35, the matrix preferably being among polyacrylate-based polymers with a fluorinated function, in particular urethane acrylate, fluorourethane acrylate, or fluorosilicone acrylate. The thickness is preferably at most 10 µm, 5 µm, or 2 µm and at least 800 nm.

[0070] In one configuration, the optical insulating coating 5 comprises a matrix with a refractive index n2 m greater than n2 and less than n1, and preferably with n2 mof at most 1.48 (and preferably n2 of at most 1.42 and even at least 1.35), and comprising (nano)porosity and / or low-index and / or porous, hollow (nano)particles with a refractive index lower than n1, particularly hollow particles with a size of at most 300 nm or even 100 nm, for example, hollow silica nanoparticles. The thickness is preferably at most 10 pm or 5 pm and at least 800 nm.

[0071] The matrix is ​​a cross-linked or thermoplastic polymer, specifically chosen from polymers based on polyacrylate, polyepoxides, polyvinyl acetate, polyester, polyurethane, PVB, or minerals, particularly silica. Polyacrylate, polyurethane, or even polyepoxide, polyvinyl acetate, and polyester polymer matrices are preferred.

[0072] A transparent protective layer (layer 53 in Figure 5), particularly a polymeric layer with a refractive index greater than n2, a submillimeter thickness, and even a maximum of 100 µm or 30 µm, can be applied to and cover the optical insulating coating 5, especially for mechanical protection purposes if the optical insulating coating contains (nano)porosity and / or low-index (nano)particles, particularly hollow and / or porous ones. This transparent protective layer is a protective coating deposited on the optical insulating coating 5. It can be the same matrix as the optical insulating coating 5 without the (nano)porosity and / or low-index (nano)particles.

[0073] Alternatively, coating 5 is porous silica.

[0074] To avoid creases and undulations, the coated substrate should preferably be located in a roof area with a curvature, a limited sphericity, particularly with a radius of curvature of at least 1.5 m. For example, section 50 can be sufficiently far from the sections of sheets 1 and 2. The masking width on the sides and / or front and rear can be adjusted (increased) for this purpose.

[0075] The 5' carrier film is of submillimeter thickness Ef and at least 30pm.

[0076] For example, the transparent 5' carrier film is a clear PET of less than 200pm, specifically 100pm or 75pm, with a TL of approximately 90% or more.

[0077] The carrier film has a blur value H1 which is in a range of 0.5% to 2%, in particular is at least 0.7% and is at most 1%.

[0078] The 5' carrier film provides diffusing means for the laminated glass element, forming light extraction.

[0079] For the light function, the laminated glass element 100 further comprises a first light source 4 in optical coupling with the second glass sheet 2 opposite a first periphery of the carrier film 5', and possibly other means of light extraction 6, which are between the coating 5 and the face F4 preferably on the third face F3 side.

[0080] In particular, the 100 laminated glazing includes, masked from the outside by the internal masking layer 7: - 4 light-emitting diodes (here front-emitting) on ​​a support 40 (for example PCB) opposite (or offset from) the fourth main face 14, - on the third main face F3, a local light redirection element, peripheral such as a prismatic reflector film 8.

[0081] For example, the reflective prismatic film is a polymer prismatic film 8, as shown in detail in Figure 1a with: - a flat part 81 (substrate for example PET of at most 100µm) glued or fixed by suction to the third face F3 13, - and a textured layer (by embossing etc.), partially or even fully textured, forming prisms 82 which become reflectors by a reflective layer 83 for example metallic (by conformal deposition on the prismatic textured surface).

[0082] Here the prismatic reflective film 8 is glued with glue 60 on the third main face F3, it can also be held by suction.

[0083] The microprisms are schematically represented in cross-section as right triangles, but the angle of inclination of the inclined faces of the prisms with the mean plane of the reflective prismatic film (or with the smooth face) can be adjusted to better redirect the light towards the extraction devices. Similarly, the principal direction of emission of the light source can be adjusted. A collimator can be added between the F4 face and the diodes.

[0084] For example, the reflective prismatic film comprises a transparent thermoplastic film, for example based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET), on which transparent prisms are formed from a polyacrylate (resin crosslinked for example by UV), and a metallic layer (conformal deposit) allows the reflective prisms to be formed.

[0085] In another example, a transparent prismatic film (then on the fourth face) comprises a transparent thermoplastic film, for example, based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET), on which the transparent prisms are formed from a polyacrylate (a resin crosslinked, for example, by UV). Alternatively, a macroprism is used on face F4.

[0086] The reflective prismatic film 8 is in adhesive contact here with the lower interlayer 32. The reflective prismatic film forms a longitudinal band like the linear type light source 4 along a longitudinal edge of the roof for example as seen in figure T.

[0087] Alternatively, the prismatic film 81,82 is a monolithic polymer film, for example preformed, and the reflective layer 83 is applied.

[0088] The refractive index of the prismatic film is, for example, from 1.52 to 1.58. The refractive index of the substrate (for example PET) and / or the textured layer (for example acrylate) is, for example, from 1.52 to 1.58.

[0089] The light from the diodes 4 is refracted into the second glass, then redirected via the prismatic reflector film 8 into the second sheet 2 for light guidance (along a propagation direction substantially parallel to the glazing).

[0090] The glazed element may include additional light extraction means 6 (schematically illustrated in Figure 1” or also visible in Figure 4), and may for example be on the third face F3; this is for example a diffusing ink and as transparent as possible if desired, and in the clear glass.

[0091] Light rays propagate by total internal reflection at face F4, and: - some are refracted in the intercalated layer of laminated material 32 and reach the carrier and extractor film 5'

[0092] for others they propagate by total internal reflection at the interface of lower laminated interlayer 32 and second sheet 2 up to the possible extraction means 6 (via the surface on the face side F3).

[0093] The prismatic reflective film 8 is here under the optical insulating coating 5, under the carrier film 5'. As a precaution to avoid stray light passing through the film and even the masking layer 7, an optional internal opaque element 7' is added (figure 3) opposite the prismatic film 8 (of the same width and not exceeding the inner edge 80' of the film 8), here an opaque (black) ink on the front face 5T of the film 5' or a black PET film glued or placed on top.

[0094] Alternatively, an optical light redirection element such as a macroprism or a prismatic film transparent to the F4 face is chosen, downstream of the diodes (on the optical path).

[0095] The diodes and / or their support can be fixed to face F4 (by an additional part, etc.). Alternatively, the diodes are side-emitting.

[0096] When the carrier film 5' has a propagation length, measured in the direction of light propagation, of at least 40 cm, it preferably includes a second light source 4' optically coupled with the second glass sheet 2 opposite a second periphery of the carrier film 5', on the opposite side of the first periphery. The light source 4 or 4' and / or the light redirection element 8 or 8' can thus be directly opposite the carrier film or offset (near its edge), preferably by no more than 4 mm or 1 mm for the carrier film or the light redirection element 8 or 8'.

[0097] The means can thus be doubled by adding another light source 4' on its support 40' (as illustrated in Figure 1” or Figure 3), and another prismatic reflector film 8' along the other longitudinal edge 10' as seen in Figure 1”. The longitudinal edges 10 and 10' are not parallel here. In particular, one can have on each side a set of diode strips on supports 40, either disjointed or connected to each other. They can also be placed on the front or rear edges.

[0098] The extraction methods 6, when present, are for example here extended or point geometric patterns, in particular with a width of no more than 10mm to avoid the shading phenomenon.

[0099] For example the distance between the extraction means extraction 6 and the diodes (or the prismatic film 8) is at least 10mm or 40mm.

[0100] For example, the extraction means 6 include a diffusing coating (a network of disjoint and / or interconnected patterns) in contact with face F3 and covering at most 40% of the clear glass area to promote adhesion with the second sheet 2. The diffusing coating is deposited on face F3 (for example, an enamel, a transparent ink) or on the main face of the lower PVB 32 layer oriented towards face F3. The diffusing coating 6 is polymeric or mineral and is deposited by liquid means (by inkjet, screen printing, etc.).

[0101] For example, the diffusing coating is on face F3 (or even F4), for example with an acrylate matrix, preferably with a refractive index greater than or equal to n1, with TiO2 particles at least 100 nm in diameter and preferably at most 1 pm or 400 nm. It is 10 pm thick. 100pm or even 50pm. The diffusing coating (for example based on PVB with TiO2 particles of 100 to 200nm in diameter) is alternately deposited on the face of the PVB oriented towards the F3 face.

[0102] Alternatively, the diffusing coating (for example, PVB-based with TiO2 particles of 100 to 200 nm diameter) is deposited on the face of the PVB 32 oriented towards face F2, and is then in contact with the back face of the carrier film 5'. For example, the diffusing coating (network of disjointed and / or interconnected patterns) in contact with the back face of the carrier film 5' covers at most 50% of the clear glass area to promote contact between the back face of the carrier film and the lower interlayer.

[0103] The illuminable glazed element 100 can have a plurality of extraction zones 6, notably of given geometry (rectangular, square, round ...). As an alternative to the extraction zones 6 (enamel, ink, screen printed or inkjet printed etc) it can be a film, local, placed or glued locally on the third face F3 (figure 4) or even fourth face F4 (figure 3) (prismatic film or with diffusing layer or mass diffusing) or between the PVB 32 and the carrier film 5' (figure 5).

[0104] Alternatively, the light source can be one or more primary sources (diodes etc.) coupled directly to a guide, along coupling slice, for example optical fiber extractor with light output area.

[0105] You can choose diodes emitting white or colored light for ambient lighting, reading...

[0106] We can plan several series of diodes 4 (one edge, two edges, three edges, all around the periphery) controlled independently and even of different colors.

[0107] In a first embodiment (Figure 1), the angle of the principal emission direction of the light source 4 with the normal to the plane (i.e., the angle of incidence) is preferably no more than 30°, preferably with a divergence of no more than 8°. In particular, the principal emission direction with respect to a normal to the fourth principal face F4 emits a cone of light with angles in the range of 22° ± 4°, or even in the range of 22° ± 2°. Preferably, a collimator can be inserted between the light source and face F4 14. The PCB support 40 can be oblique with respect to the plane of the glazing. The inclined face of the reflecting prisms (receiving and redirecting the light) can form an angle of 35° to 50°, in particular 40° to 50°, with the mean plane of the reflecting prismatic film.

[0108] In another embodiment, the angle of the principal direction of emission of the light source with the normal to the plane (i.e., the angle of incidence) is preferably 0° ± 5°, preferably with a divergence of at most 8°. In particular, the principal direction of emission with respect to a normal to the fourth principal face F4 emits a cone of light with angles within the range [0° ± 4°], or even [0° ± 2°]. Preferably, a collimator can be inserted between the light source and face F4 14. The PCB support 40 can be parallel to the plane of the glazing. The inclined face of the reflecting prisms can form an angle with the mean plane of the reflecting prismatic film (from 30° to 40°, in particular from 35° to 40°).

[0109] Figure 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a sheet-glazed element illuminable element 200 of a motor vehicle according to the invention in a second embodiment. This element 200 differs from the preceding element 100 in that: - the upper intermediate layer 31 can be tinted, for example, grey, - a coating that reflects IR 15 on the F4 face, forming a low emissivity layer.

[0110] The infrared-reflective coating 15, transparent, single-layer or multi-layer, comprises at least one functional layer of a transparent conductive oxide, in particular ITO. The infrared-reflective coating preferably comprises a dielectric sublayer, in particular silicon (oxy)nitride, and preferably comprises a dielectric overlayer, in particular silicon (oxy)nitride.

[0111] Figure 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 300 of a motor vehicle according to the invention in a third embodiment. Figure 3a shows a detailed view of the prismatic reflective film used to redirect the light.

[0112] This glazed element 300 differs from the first glazed element 100 in that: - the outer glass 1 is clear, in particular a 2.1mm Planiclear glass with an IR reflective coating (silver stacking, forming solar control) 16, the whole having a TL equal to 71.8% (91% without the coating 16), the upper interlayer 31 is tinted or possibly the upper interlayer 31 is clear but a source of light diffusion: - the prismatic film 8 has been moved (detail view in figure 3a) to the rear face 52' and reversed, the reflecting prisms (the reflective coating) are oriented towards face F3, - optionally an internal opaque element 7' opposite the prismatic film 8 (of the same width and not exceeding the internal edge 80' of the film 8), here an opaque (black) ink on the front face 5T of the carrier film 5' or a black PET film glued or placed on top, - possibly, if necessary, an internal masking layer 71 is on face F4 14 without hindering the injection of the light source 4 (width possibly locally reduced), - possibly the optional means of light extraction 6 are here on face F4 14, for example an enamel or is alternatively on the PVB 32 and / or on face F3, - the light source was doubled by adding a 4' light source and its 40' support, and coupled with an 8' prismatic reflector film and an internal 7' opaque element.

[0113] With such a reversed film configuration, the substrate 80 is tinted or even opaque and / or the prisms are tinted or even opaque 82 and / or the adhesive 60 (on the carrier film 5') is tinted and even opaque; the element 7' may be more optional. The reversed film (preferably with an opaque portion) can be adjacent to the coated substrate (inner edge 80' close to the edge 50').

[0114] Figure 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 400 of a motor vehicle according to the invention in a fourth embodiment. Figure 4a shows a detailed view of the prismatic reflective film used to redirect the light. This glass element 400 differs from the first glazed element 100 in that: - a 4' light source is added to its 40' support, along with another 8' prismatic reflector film. - the prismatic film 8 has been moved (detail view of figure 4) onto the rear face Fb 52', the reflective prisms (the reflective coating) are oriented towards the face F2, glued by an opaque glue forming masking 7' in reinforcement of the masking layer 7, - we also doubled the 8' film due to the addition of the 4' light source.

[0115] The 8 and 8' prismatic reflective films are glued onto the coated substrate.

[0116] An IR-15 reflective coating (not shown) can be added to the front F4.

[0117] Optionally, the extraction means 6, for example a set of patterns of identical width, are on face F3 or could be on face F4. In yet another variant, the extraction means 6 could be printed on the face of the PVB 32 on face F2, thus in local contact with the rear face 52' of the carrier film 5', or even on face Fb as illustrated in Figure 5.

[0118] Figure 5 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 500 of a motor vehicle according to the invention in a fifth embodiment.

[0119] This glazed element 500 differs from the first glazed element 100 in that: - the upper interlayer 31 is for example tinted, notably grey (glass 1 is tinted or clear), - the optical insulating coating 5 on the front face 51' is protected by a protective layer 53 (already explained above); - the reflective prismatic film 8 is between the upper interlayer 31 and the lower interlayer 32, in particular in adhesive contact with these layers.

[0120] The internal opaque element 7' is omitted, in particular grey PVB 31 may suffice.

[0121] We doubled the light source and prismatic reflector film at 4', 40', 8'.

[0122] The inner edge 80' of each prismatic reflector film 8, 8' is at most 4mm, preferably at most 1mm from the outer edge (of the 50' slice) of the optical insulating coating and is even in contact with the 50' slice of the 5' film.

[0123] Optionally, the extraction means 6, for example a set of patterns of identical width, are here printed on the face of the PVB 32 on the side face F2 so in local contact with the rear face 52' of the carrier film 5' or printed on the rear face 52'.

[0124] Figure 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 600 of a motor vehicle according to the invention in a sixth embodiment. This glass element 600 differs from the preceding glass element 500 in that: - the outer glass 1 is clear, in particular a 2.1mm Planiclear glass with an IR reflective coating 16 (silver stacking) on ​​face F2, the whole having a TL equal to 71.8% (91% without the coating 16), - the reflective prismatic film 8 is in adhesive contact with the upper interlayer 31, on the front face 5T of the coated substrate, - the protective layer 53 is omitted here, for example the insulating coating Optical 5 is a low-index polymer, for example cross-linked, - a low emissivity 15 coating (TCO stack, ITO for example) is on the F4 side.

[0125] The light source and prismatic reflector film can be split.

[0126] Figure 7 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 700 of a motor vehicle according to the invention in a seventh embodiment. This glass element 700 differs from the first glass element 100 in that the reflective prismatic film 8 has micro-prisms oriented towards face F3. The reflective prismatic film 8 is specifically bonded to face F3 by adhesive 60 located at the level of the reflective prismatic film 8.

[0127] The outer glass 1 is clear, specifically a 2.1mm Planiclear glass with an IR reflective coating (silver stacking, forming solar control) 16, facing F2.

[0128] An IR 15 reflective coating is to be added to the F4 face.

[0129] We doubled the light source and prismatic reflector film at 4', 40', 8'.

[0130] Figure 8 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 800 of a motor vehicle according to the invention in an eighth embodiment. This glass element 800 differs from the first glass element 100 in that: - We added a light source and 4' and 40' prismatic film. - the carrier film 5' is 200pm or more and to compensate for this large thickness an interlayer frame layer 34 is added, in PVB, here clear; the layer 34 can be thick enough to be in contact with the third face F3 when the lower interlayer layer 32 is the same size as the carrier film 5', for example a PVB sheet (interface possibly indistinguishable with the frame layer 34), - a low emissivity layer 15 is opposite F4.

[0131] The inner edge 80 of the prismatic film 8 is aligned with the edge 50 of the coated substrate, and even with the optical insulating coating 5. The internal opaque element 7' is on the optical insulating coating 5 always in line with the prismatic film 8. It can be a black PET or even a black ink on PVB 34 or 32.

[0132] As an alternative for the redirection of light, on the F4 face side, one can have a transparent macroprism or a transparent prismatic film (multiprisms).

[0133] Optionally, extraction means 6, for example a set of patterns of identical width, are on face side F3 or could be on face F4.

[0134] Figure 8' shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 800' of a motor vehicle according to the invention in a variant of the eighth embodiment. This glass element 800' differs from the preceding glass element 800 in that: - we moved further to the edge of the light source and prismatic film 4, 4', 40, 40', under the frame layer 34, - the opaque element 7' (for example black ink on PVB or opaque PET film) is moved accordingly.

[0135] Figure 9 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 900 of a motor vehicle according to the invention in a ninth embodiment. This glass element 900 differs from the fourth element vitreous 400 in that the injection of light is through the edge 20, 20' of the second sheet (each prismatic reflector film 8, 8' is removed).

[0136] Figure 10 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 1000 of a motor vehicle according to the invention in a tenth embodiment.

[0137] This glazed element 1000 differs from the first glazed element 100 in several aspects.

[0138] The coated substrate 5', 5 is in adhesive contact with an additional interlayer 33 and the lower interlayer 32.

[0139] The outer glass 1 is clear, in particular a 2.1mm Planiclear glass with an IR reflective coating (silver stacking) 16 on face F2, the whole having a TL 71.8% (91% without the coating 16).

[0140] Optionally, extraction means 6 are on the F3 face side.

[0141] Preferably a reflective coating; IR 15 is opposite F4

[0142] This glazed element 1000 comprises, between the upper interlayer 31 and the additional interlayer 33, in particular PVB, an electrically controllable device, for example with diffusion and / or variable tint 9 or a photovoltaic device. Figures 10a to 10d each represent a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a liquid crystal cell (PDLC or DDPDLC or GH) as an electrically controllable device 9. Layers 31 and 33 are clear or of custom-selected tints.

[0143] The thickness of the electro-controllable device 9 being, for example, 0.4 mm, an intermediate frame layer 34, 0.38 mm thick, made of clear or tinted PVB, is added. The edges of the electro-controllable device 9, as well as the intermediate frame layer 34, are under the internal masking layer 7. The upper intermediate layer 31 is, for example, made of clear or tinted PVB. The edge of the liquid crystal cell 9 is at least 10 mm or 15 mm from the edge of the glazing. Preferably, the carrier film 5' is larger than the device 9.

[0144] The electrically controllable device 9 is here a variable light absorption and scattering liquid crystal cell, such as a PDLC or DDPDLC cell. Compared to the examples in Figures 10a to 10d, the liquid crystal cell 9 comprises: - an upper support 91 (polymer, in particular PET or glass) with an upper electroconductive coating 92 (for example ITO) on the second side F2, - a lower 9T support (polymer, notably PET or glass) with a lower electroconductive coating (for example ITO) 92' third side F3, - an electroactive layer 93 which is for example a (DD)PDLC layer, and glass spacers 93', in contact with respectively the first and second electroconductive coatings 92 and 92' and the electroactive layer 93.

[0145] Preferably, if glass, one or both of the 91 and 9T substrates are chemically tempered glass. Each of the 91 and 9T substrates has a thickness of less than 1000 µm, specifically between 25 µm and 700 µm, preferably less than 300 µm, or even less than 200 or 100 µm. The glass thickness of each substrate is sufficiently thin to provide the liquid crystal cell with film-like flexibility when it The aim is to bond the liquid crystal cell to the glass sheets 1 and 2, especially when the latter are curved. In particular, the glass thickness of each of the supports 91 and 91' is such that each glass support has a minimum radius of curvature that is at least on the order of 600 mm and can even reach 200 mm.

[0146] Preferably, the lower support and the lower electrode extend beyond the upper edge in a first protruding zone, and the upper support and the upper electrode extend beyond the lower edge in a second protruding zone opposite the first protruding zone (see Figure 10a or Figure 10b). Current-carrying strips 90 are added to the electrodes in these first and second protruding zones.

[0147] The glazing preferably includes a barrier element 94 or 94', or 95 or 95', around the periphery of the device 9, separating the electroactive layer from the lamination interlayer, here 31, 32, around the perimeter of the electroactive layer. Figures 10a to 10d each represent different cases of barrier element.

[0148] In figure 10a, the barrier element 94 here is external, comprising a pair of coupled polymer barrier films, notably without plasticizers: - covering all or part of the first protruding area and even extending onto the upper surface and / or extending to the rear surface, - covering all or part of the second protruding area and extending over the back face and even extending to the top face.

[0149] In particular, it consists of two polymer barrier films: a first film which is a polymer frame (PET), notably with a Z-shaped cross-section (three portions 941, 942, 943), coupled to a second film 944 which is a rectangular cross-section frame.

[0150] In figure 10b, it is a 94' joint which covers the first and second protruding areas, for example polymer, in particular epoxy resin or silicone.

[0151] In Figure 10c, an internal peripheral seal 95 provides the sealing for the liquid crystal cell, for example, a polymer, particularly one made of epoxy resin or silicone. The internal seal 95 is, for example, 5 mm.

[0152] In figure 10d the peripheral sealing joint 95' is outside both supports 91 and 9T.

[0153] It is generally preferable to conceal the barrier element from the outside and even from the inside.

[0154] The electrically controlled device can have variable color.

[0155] The electrically controlled device can be segmented (not illustrated) at least in the clear glass, into several cell regions by at least one electrical discontinuity, in particular of submillimeter width, formed in one of the upper or lower electrodes, in particular obtained by laser, each cell region having an electrical supply.

[0156] Figures 10e to 10g each represent an opening, illuminable side glazing according to the invention, with the carrier film 5' and the optical insulating coating 5' on the front face. The addition of an electrically controlled device 9 (and an additional interlayer) is optional. The glazing has an irregular lower longitudinal edge 10, 20, which is not straight, with a projecting central portion 101, 201, and recessed front and rear portions 102, 202 and 102', 202', for example, of a concave shape. The upper longitudinal edge 10', 20' may be straight, horizontal, or irregular. The side edges 10a, 10b may be parallel or not. The opening side glazing has a fixing area 110. The The mounting zone 110 may include at least one opening, as schematically shown in Figure 10f, for securing the glazing to the vehicle body. Alternatively, the mounting zone 110 may cooperate by clamping with at least one support or glazing holder 9' at the lower edge 10, 20, as schematically shown in Figure 10f. There may be a single central mounting zone 110 or two mounting zones, referred to as front and rear (Figures 1e and 10f). The glazing has a lower visibility limit 701. Alternatively, the movement of the opening glazing is achieved by means of a retaining device that is positioned along almost the entire length of the lower longitudinal edge, for example, the right edge.

[0157] For example, in the mounted position of the side glazing, the light source below the lower visibility limit 701, and the prismatic reflective or transparent film 8 are longitudinally extended along a substantially horizontal axis (±5°). Preferably, the light source 4 is at least 5 mm from the irregular lower edge 10, 20. Additional light extraction means 6, which are optional, extend to within 5 cm of this median portion, along a substantially horizontal axis (±5°).

[0158] The internal masking element 7 is optional, as is a masking element 7a, also called an internal masking element, which is on the F3 face side. For example (Figure 10e), the internal masking element 7 and the internal masking element 7a extend parallel to the sides of the glazing along three longitudinal bands: upper 71, lateral 72 and 73. The three bands: upper 71 and lateral 72 and 73 of the internal masking element 7a are congruent with those of the internal masking element 7 of the F2 face (the internal edge of the internal masking element 7a masks from the inside, as does the edge of the carrier film 5' and even the internal joint of the optional liquid crystal cell 9). The internal masking element 7a is an enamel in F3 (or even F4) or an ink on the lower interlayer 32 in PVB or where appropriate on the upper support 91 of the liquid crystal cell 9 or on the additional interlayer 33.

[0159] Figure 10h represents a fixed side glazing, for example rectangular, with a straight lower edge. The light source 4 is positioned at least 5 mm from the lower edge 10. The internal masking element 7 is preferably an enamel facing F2. The internal masking element 7 is, for example, a frame that surrounds the entire periphery or extends in three bands as described previously.

[0160] Figure 11 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 1100 of a road vehicle according to the invention in an eleventh embodiment. This glass element 1100 is, for example, a fixed side window of an automobile. This glass element 1100 differs from the first glass element 100 in that: - the second transparent sheet 2 is shorter than the first transparent sheet 1, - the injection of light is through the longitudinal slice 20 of the second sheet 2 (the prismatic reflector film 8 is removed), - Optionally, extraction means 6 are on the F3 face side.

[0161] Diodes 4 extend along the longitudinal coupling edge 20 of the second glass sheet 2. The PCB support 40 is fixed, for example, by the glue 60 (or double-sided adhesive) to face F2 of the first transparent sheet 1.

[0162] The internal masking layer 7 is optional, forming a masking frame or at least three strips, which allows, for example, the edge of the carrier film 5' to be hidden from view. The light source 4 is below the visibility limit.

[0163] The glazing may also include an internal masking layer 7a. The internal masking layer 7a is congruent with the internal masking layer 7.

[0164] Figure 12 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass element 1200 of a road vehicle according to the invention in a twelfth embodiment. This glass element 1200 is, for example, a fixed side window of an automobile. This glass element 1200 differs from the first glass element 100 in that: - the prismatic reflective film 8 has micro-prisms which are oriented towards the F3 face; - optionally an electro-controllable device 9 is laminated in the glazed element between the upper interlayer 31 and an additional interlayer 33, an interlayer frame layer 34, in PVB, clear or tinted being added to compensate for the thickness of the electro-controllable device 9 and the coated substrate 5, 5' being in adhesive contact between the additional interlayer 33 and the lower interlayer 32; - Optionally, extraction means 6 are on the F3 face side.

[0165] The prismatic reflective film 8 is in particular made solid to the lower intercalated layer 32 by glue 60 (gluing localized at the level of the prismatic reflective film 8).

[0166] The reflective prismatic film 8 is located, for example, opposite the additional intercalated layer 33 at the periphery of the edge of the coated substrate 5, 5'.

[0167] Furthermore, the internal masking element 7 is a peripheral opaque PVB 71 (the upper interlayer 31 in PVB is then shorter than for the glazing in Figure 1) forming three bands (above the visibility zone) or forming a frame. An internal masking element 3a in three bands can be added to face F3.

Claims

Demands

1. Illuminatable laminated glass element for vehicles, particularly road vehicles (100 to 1200), comprising: - laminated glass, preferably curved, transparent, comprising: - a first transparent sheet (1), made of mineral glass, with a first main face F1 (11), a second opposite main face F2 (12) and a first slice (10), intended to form the outer glass, - a polymer laminate interlayer (3, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35) comprising a top interlayer (31), in adhesive contact with the second face F2 or with a functional transparent coating on the face F2, - a second transparent sheet (2), made of mineral glass or polymer, with a third principal face F3 (13), a fourth opposing principal face F4 (14) and a second slice (20), with a refractive index n1 in the visible range, and - the glazed element comprising a transparent optical insulating layer (5), with a refractive index n2 in the visible range, optical insulating layer of submillimeter thickness Ei and of at least 400nm, characterized in that it comprises a coated substrate which includes: - a transparent film (5'), called carrier film, a polymer distinct from a fluoropolymer, with a main front face Fa (51') oriented towards the face F2 and an opposite main rear face Fb (52'), of submillimeter thickness Ef and of at least 30pm, carrier film having a blur value H1 which is in a range from 0.5% to 2%, - the optical insulating layer which is an optical insulating coating (5) on the front face Fa of the carrier film, and a slice (50), - the coated substrate being laminated between the second and third faces F2 and F3, and is between the upper interlayer and a lower interlayer (32), in adhesive contact with the third face F3 or with a functional transparent coating on the face F3, n2 is less than n1, the difference in refractive indices n1-n2 being at least 0.06 in the visible.

2. Illuminatable laminated vehicle glass element (100 to 1900) according to the preceding claim characterized in that the difference of refractive indices n1-n2 is at least 0.08 in the visible and in that the thickness Ei is at least 500nm, and even at least 800nm.

3. Illuminatable laminated vehicle glass element (100) according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that H1 is at most 1%.

4. Illuminatable laminated vehicle glass element according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the carrier film is a polyester film, preferably PET, with Ef of at most 300pm.

5. Illuminatable laminated vehicle glazing element according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that it has a view-through and the coated substrate covers the view-through, preferably the coated substrate having an edge which is masked from the outside of the glazing element, in particular under an internal peripheral masking layer (7) delimiting the view-through, forming a peripheral frame in particular for fixed glazing or at least three peripheral bands in particular for opening side glazing.

6. Illuminatable laminated vehicle glass element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the optical insulating coating (5) comprises a crosslinked polymer matrix with said index n2, preferably of at most 1.42, matrix preferably among polyacrylate-based polymers with a fluorinated function, in particular urethane acrylate or fluorourethane acrylate or fluorosilicone acrylate, and / or in that the optical insulating coating comprises a matrix with a refractive index n2 m greater than n2 and less than n1, and preferably with n2 m of at most 1.48 and n2 preferably of at most 1.42, and comprising (nano)porosity and / or (nano)particles of low index, of refractive index less than n1, in particular hollow, preferably of size of at most 300nm.

7. Illuminatable laminated vehicle glass element according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises a first light source (4) preferably on face side F4 and in particular opposite a first periphery of the carrier film, and when the carrier film has a length in the direction of propagation of light of at least 40cm, it comprises a second light source (4) preferably on face side F4 and in particular opposite a second periphery of the carrier film opposite the first periphery.

8. Illuminatable laminated vehicle glass element according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises, under the optical insulating coating, further away from face F2 than the optical insulating coating, other means of light extraction (6), comprising a diffusing coating, preferably transparent, with a binder and diffusing particles, binder preferably having a refractive index n5 greater than or equal to n1, in particular of at least 1.

48.

9. Illuminatable laminated vehicle glass element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises, on the fourth face F4, a first light source (4), preferably an array of light-emitting diodes, and a first light redirection element (8) capable of redirecting the light emitted by the first light source, in particular the first reflective light redirection element on the third face F3 is a prismatic reflective element comprising reflective prisms oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2, or the first light redirection element is transparent, on the fourth main face F4 side, and in that preferably when the carrier film has a length in a direction of light propagation of at least 40cm, it includes a second light source and a second light redirection element particularly suitable for redirecting the light emitted by the second light source, in particular the second light redirection element reflector on the third face F3 side is a prismatic reflector element having reflector prisms oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2, or the second light redirection element is transparent, on the fourth main face F4 side, in particular prismatic.

10. Illuminatable laminated vehicle glass element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a first light source, preferably an array of light-emitting diodes, on the fourth face F4 side, and a first light redirection element (8), which is preferably a prismatic reflector element on the third face F3 side, comprising reflector prisms, in particular oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2, or which is a transparent element, in particular prismatic, on the fourth main face F4 side, and in that the first light redirection element is: - at least partially opposite the optical insulating coating, - or at most 4mm, preferably at most 1mm, from the optical insulating coating.

11. Illuminatable laminated vehicle glass element according to any one of claims 9 or 10 characterized in that the first light redirection element is a prismatic reflector element, comprising reflector prisms in particular oriented towards the third face F3, arranged on the side of the third main face F3, reflector prisms in contact with the lower interlayer or preferably with a local adhesive.

12. Illuminatable laminated vehicle glass element according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises between the upper interlayer (31) and the lower interlayer (32), above said optical insulating coating, an electro-controllable device, in particular with variable diffusion and / or tint, comprising an electroactive layer between a front electroconductive support on the second face F2 and a rear electroconductive support on the third face F3, or a photovoltaic device and preferably in that the lamination interlayer comprises an additional interlayer (33), the coated substrate (5', 5) being sandwiched between the additional interlayer (33) and the lower interlayer (32).

13. Illuminatable laminated glass element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the first sheet (1) has a first irregular lower longitudinal edge having at least a first projecting portion called the first overhang, and in that the glazed element has a longitudinal light source (4), in particular extending horizontally, and below the lower limit of visibility of the glazing, at a distance from a glazing fixing zone intended to be coupled to a window lifting system, fixing zone connected to the first overhang.

14. Illuminatable laminated glass element according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the inner glass is of reduced size, the second slice is straight, in particular horizontal, and below the lower visibility limit of the glazing, the longitudinal light source is housed under face F2 along the second slice for optical coupling by the second slice or in that the second sheet has a second irregular lower longitudinal edge having at least one protruding portion called a second overhang opposite said first overhang, the longitudinal light source is on face F4 and the glazing preferably comprises a reflective light redirection element on face F3, in particular capable of redirecting the light emitted by the longitudinal light source, below the lower visibility limit of the glazing.

15. Illuminatable laminated glass element of a vehicle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one of the following functional elements: - an internal, peripheral, opaque masking layer (7) between the second face F2 and the third face F3, and even covering the perimeter of the optical insulating coating and even the coated substrate, particularly in contact with the second face F2, in particular defining a clear window, - an inner, peripheral, opaque masking layer on the fourth face F4, in particular congruent with or narrower than the width of the inner masking layer, - an internal peripheral opaque element (7') which is between the second face F2 and the third face F3, in particular for internal masking of a light source and a light redirection element, in particular a transparent prismatic film or reflector, - an internal coating (16), reflecting infrared radiation such as a stack of silver layer(s), on the second face F2 on the first, clear sheet, or on an additional film, in particular a polymer, - an external coating (15), reflecting infrared, such as a transparent conductive oxide layer stack, on the fourth face F4 of the second mineral glass sheet.

16. A vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, incorporating an illuminable laminated glass element according to one of the preceding claims.

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