Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station

Abstract

A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure is characterized by comprising: a control unit that detects an event and controls transmission of an event report; and a reception unit that receives a sensing request when the terminal is determined to be a sensing terminal. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a sensing procedure can be appropriately performed.

Description

Terminal, wireless communication method and base station

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system.

[0002] Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been specified for the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network with the aim of achieving higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Also, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) has been specified with the aim of achieving higher capacity and more advanced features than LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] Successor systems to LTE (e.g., 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 or later, etc.) are also being considered.

[0004] 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010

[0005] Various sensing methods are being considered for future wireless communication systems. For example, a terminal (user terminal, User Equipment (UE)) / base station (e.g., gNB) may transmit a sensing signal to the base station / UE via a target.

[0006] However, the details of the sensing procedure have not been clarified. If this is not thoroughly considered, there is a risk that the sensing accuracy and communication quality may be reduced.

[0007] Therefore, one of the objects of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station that can appropriately perform a sensing procedure.

[0008] A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure is characterized by having a control unit that detects an event and controls the transmission of an event report, and a receiving unit that receives a sensing request when determined to be a sensing terminal.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the sensing procedure can be performed appropriately.

[0010] FIG. 1A is a diagram illustrating an example of monostatic sensing at a BS. FIG. 1B is a diagram illustrating an example of monostatic sensing at a UE. FIGS. 2A to 2D are diagrams illustrating examples of bistatic sensing / multistatic sensing. FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating a first example of the first embodiment. FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating a second example of the first embodiment. FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating a first example of the second embodiment. FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating a second example of the second embodiment. FIG. 5A is a diagram illustrating a first example of the third embodiment. FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating a second example of the third embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the fourth embodiment. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of the fifth embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of the sixth embodiment. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of the seventh embodiment. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment.

[0011] (Wireless sensing technology) Sensing technologies that use radio waves (wireless sensing technology, object detection, etc.) are being studied. Wireless sensing technology is thought to have the following advantages over other sensing technologies: - Sensing that uses moving images or infrared rays is only applicable to specific directions, whereas wireless sensing technology is not limited to a specific direction and can make use of characteristics such as diffraction. - Wireless sensing technology can be implemented at a low cost compared to moving image capture functions.

[0012] With wireless sensing technology, sensing results can be collected at a base station (BS), and the collected information can be used to generate advanced cyberspace, or to provide feedback to the real world.

[0013] Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC) The motivation for ISAC is to achieve high sensing performance and new / extended services by using various frequencies and cellular network equipment, and to optimize network parameters by analyzing real-time sensing data. Use cases and possible requirements for extending 5G systems to provide sensing services to address different target industries / applications are considered, and some use cases may also include non-3GPP type (non-wireless communication type) sensors (e.g., radar, camera).

[0014] Use cases include, for example, intruder detection in smart home environments, sensing for railway (train) intrusion detection, flood sensing in smart cities, and sensing for traffic management in tourist destinations.

[0015] ISAC considers sensing-assisted communication and communication-assisted sensing. Sensing-assisted communication includes sensing-assisted beam management and sensing-assisted resource allocation. Communication-assisted sensing includes network sensing and coordinated sensing. To achieve these, waveforms, beamforming, artificial intelligence (AI) / deep learning (DL) radio access technology (RAT), frame structure, and reference signals are considered. Furthermore, shared spectrum, hardware, and algorithms for ISAC are considered, including higher frequency bands, larger antenna arrays, and similar signal processing algorithms for communication and sensing.

[0016] In ISAC, the challenges are unified waveforms that simultaneously meet the requirements of communication (e.g., OFDM signals) and sensing (e.g., chirp signals), ISAC beamforming that simultaneously realizes communication (e.g., transmit signals, receive signals) and sensing (e.g., echo signals, transmit signals, reflected signals) through beamforming, and interference suppression between them, and CSI mining by AI that uses AI / DL networks to extract sensing information from channel information for communication (e.g., UL transmit signals) and radar (e.g., DL radar signals).

[0017] Three types of radar and communication systems have been considered based on whether the communication and radar (sensing) systems share hardware / bandwidth. The three types are independent radar and communication systems (independent systems), joint radar and communication systems (joint systems), and integrated radar and communication systems (integrated systems). In the following, we focus on ISAC systems, in which hardware and bandwidth are shared between the radar and communication systems.

[0018] Conventional communication systems include communication between one BS (base station) and one UE, and joint transmission between multiple BSs and one UE. Conventional radar systems include monostatic radars, in which one radar transmits a radar signal and receives echoes from a sensing target, and bistatic / multistatic radars, in which one radar transmits a radar signal and one or more radars receive echoes from a sensing target.

[0019] <Sensing Method> In the ISAC system, sensing may be achieved by, for example, the following six methods: In this disclosure, a target (sensing target) may be a person, an animal, or an object (e.g., a car, rain, other obstacles, etc.). The target may be different for each use case.

[0020] [Sensing method 1] Monostatic sensing at BS (gNB).

[0021] The example of Figure 1A is monostatic sensing at a BS. In this example, the sensing transceiver is a BS. The sensing transceiver transmits a sensing signal / ISAC signal (DL signal) and receives an echo signal (UL signal) from a target. The BS may also transmit a communication signal / ISAC signal to a UE. The UE may receive the communication signal / ISAC signal from the BS and feed back the reception result to the BS.

[0022] [Sensing Method 2] Monostatic sensing at the UE.

[0023] The example of Figure 1B is monostatic sensing in a UE. In this example, the sensing transceiver is the UE. The sensing transceiver transmits a sensing signal / ISAC signal (UL signal) and receives an echo signal (DL signal) from the target. The UE transmits a communication signal / ISAC signal to the BS. The BS receives the communication signal / ISAC signal from the UE and may feed back the reception result to the UE.

[0024] Scenarios suitable for Sensing Methods 1 and 2 include sensing targets close to the sensing transceiver (BS or UE), high or medium signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of the echo signal, and sensing targets without communication capabilities. Capability requirements for Sensing Methods 1 and 2 include full duplex (a high requirement) at the BS or UE. Sensing performance of Sensing Methods 1 and 2 includes high accuracy due to no quantization, accuracy related to the SNR of the echo signal, and low latency.

[0025] The following sensing methods 3 to 6 relate to bistatic sensing / multistatic sensing in a BS / UE. A sensing transmitter transmits a communication signal, and a sensing receiver receives the signal affected by an object. In this example, the sensing transmitter is a BS or a UE, and the sensing receiver is an associated BS or an associated UE.

[0026] [Sensing method 3] Bistatic / multistatic sensing between gNBs.

[0027] The example in Figure 2A is bistatic sensing / multistatic sensing between BS (gNB) and BS (gNB). At the base station side, signal transmission (DL) is performed, and at another base station side, sensing of echo / reflection (UL) from the target is performed.

[0028] Scenarios suitable for Sensing Method 3 include very tight synchronization between multiple BSs or multiple UEs, and sensing targets without communication capabilities. The capability requirements for Sensing Method 3 include half-duplex (low requirement) and synchronization between multiple BSs or multiple UEs (high requirement). The sensing performance of Sensing Method 3 includes high accuracy without quantization, accuracy related to synchronization error, and medium latency.

[0029] [Sensing method 4] Bistatic / multistatic sensing between UE and gNB.

[0030] The example of Figure 2B is bistatic sensing / multistatic sensing between a UE and a BS (gNB). At the UE side, signal transmission (UL) is performed, and at the base station side, sensing of echoes / reflections (UL) from targets is performed. This signal / echo / reflection may be referred to as an UL sensing resource.

[0031] [Sensing method 5] Bistatic / multistatic sensing between gNB and UE.

[0032] The example of Figure 2C is bistatic sensing / multistatic sensing between BS (gNB) and UE. Signal transmission (DL) is performed on the base station side, and sensing of echo / reflection (DL) from the target is performed on the UE side. This signal / echo / reflection may be called a DL sensing resource.

[0033] [Sensing Method 6] Bistatic / multistatic sensing between UEs.

[0034] The example of Fig. 2D is UE-to-UE bistatic / multistatic sensing, where a signal is transmitted (UL) at a UE side and an echo / reflection (DL) from an object is sensed at another UE side.

[0035] Scenarios suitable for Sensing Methods 4 to 6 include UEs communicating around the sensing target. The performance requirements for Sensing Methods 4 to 6 are half-duplex (low requirement) and UEs with high computational resources (high requirement). The performance requirements for Sensing Methods 5 and 6 may further include UEs with high computational resources / detection of reflected signals (high requirement). The sensing performance of Sensing Methods 4 to 6 includes medium accuracy due to quantization of feedback values, accuracy related to deployed resources and UE location, and high latency.

[0036] The echo / reflection signal may be an echo / reflection signal of a communication signal or an echo / reflection signal of a radar signal.

[0037] (Use Case) Support for sensing functions in cellular networks is being considered. 5G wireless sensing services offer new possibilities for enhancing the use of communication infrastructure.

[0038] Sensing can be applied in the following use cases: Object and intruder detection in predefined safety areas around smart homes, highways, railways, factories or critical infrastructure. Collision avoidance and trajectory tracking for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), cars and Automatic Guided Vehicles (AGVs). Automobile steering and navigation. Search and rescue for public safety. Rainfall and flood monitoring. Health and sports monitoring.

[0039] (analysis)

[0040] Various sensing methods are being considered for future wireless communication systems. For example, a terminal (user terminal, User Equipment (UE)) / base station (e.g., gNB) may transmit a sensing signal to the base station / UE via a target.

[0041] However, the detailed method of the sensing procedure has not been clarified. If this is not thoroughly considered, there is a risk that the sensing accuracy and communication quality will be reduced.

[0042] For example, to support sensing in a cellular network, it is necessary to define the overall procedures, especially from the perspective of lower layers, and the operations of the following functions: - Network (e.g., core network functions, application layer, Sensing Function (SF), sensing server, LMF / AMF-like functions, etc.) - BS / TRP (from the perspective of lower layers) (e.g., RAN node, SF, sensing server) - UE / device.

[0043] By clarifying the operation of each of the above functions, details such as the required information exchange / channel signal format in the RAN can be more optimally and ideally defined.

[0044] Therefore, the present inventors have conceived a method for appropriately performing the sensing procedure.

[0045] Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Wireless communication methods according to the embodiments may be applied independently or in combination.

[0046] (Various Reinterpretations) In the present disclosure, a word enclosed in "( )" in a sentence may indicate an explanation of the word immediately preceding it (for example, an explanation of spelling), a paraphrase, a specific example, a supplementary explanation, etc. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, a word enclosed in "[ ]" in a sentence may be interpreted including the word in the meaning of the entire sentence, or may be interpreted excluding (ignoring) the word in the meaning of the entire sentence. Note that "( )" and "[ ]" may also be used for purposes / meanings other than those mentioned above.

[0047] In the present disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interpreted interchangeably. Also, in the present disclosure, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C."

[0048] In the present disclosure, terms such as notify, activate, deactivate, indicate (or indicate), select, configure, update, and determine may be read interchangeably. In the present disclosure, terms such as support, control, controllable, operate, and operate may be read interchangeably.

[0049] In the present disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher layer parameters, fields, information elements (IEs), settings, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC) control elements (CEs), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc. may be interchangeable.

[0050] In the present disclosure, the higher layer signaling may be, for example, any one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, other messages (e.g., messages from the core network such as positioning protocol (e.g., NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) / LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)) messages), or a combination thereof.

[0051] In the present disclosure, MAC signaling may use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MAC CE), a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU), etc. Broadcast information may be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI), Other System Information (OSI), etc.

[0052] In the present disclosure, physical layer signaling may be, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI), and the like.

[0053] In the present disclosure, reflection, echo, and scattering may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, sensing transmitter, BS, UE, header UE, and anchor UE may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, sensing receiver, BS, UE, header UE, and anchor UE may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, sensing method and sensing mode may be interchangeable.

[0054] In the present disclosure, the terms TRP, NW, base station (BS), and gNB may be interchangeable. For example, the TRP may be a RAN node / function or a CN node / function, and the same applies to the NW. The terms UE, header UE, anchor UE, and client UE may be interchangeable. The terms sensing request and sensing RS request may be interchangeable. The terms sensing signal, ISAC signal, sensing RS, and sensing resource may be interchangeable.

[0055] In each example of the following embodiments, any of the above sensing methods 1 to 6 may be used. In each embodiment, an example is described in which a sensing transmitter (TRP / header UE / anchor UE) transmits a sensing RS to a sensing receiver (TRP / header UE / anchor UE), but as shown in sensing methods 1 to 4, this may also mean that the sensing transmitter transmits a sensing signal (sensing RS) to the sensing receiver via an object (the receiver receives an echo / reflection of the sensing RS from the object).

[0056] (Wireless Communication Method) Hereinafter, main terms used in this disclosure will be explained.

[0057] Sensing Transmitter: A TRP or UE that transmits a sensing signal to a sensing target. The sensing signal is a signal that the sensing service uses in its operation. The sensing transmitter may be located, for example, in the same or a different TRP or UE as the sensing receiver.

[0058] Sensing receiver: A TRP or UE that receives a sensing signal via a sensing target. The sensing signal is a signal used by the sensing service in its operation. The sensing receiver may be located, for example, in the same or a different TRP or UE as the sensing transmitter. The sensing receiver may transmit / report sensing results to the sensing transmitter.

[0059] TRP: Network device that transmits and receives sensing signals (e.g., BS, BS antenna, etc.). Note that the TRP in this disclosure may be replaced with a BS, Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB), repeater, Access Point (AP), Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS), etc.

[0060] Sensing target: A target that needs to be sensed by deriving the properties of an object in the environment from the sensing signal.

[0061] Background environment: The background (clutter / environmental objects) that is not the sensing target.

[0062] Monostatic Sensing: A sensing method in which the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver are located in the same TRP or UE.

[0063] Bistatic Sensing: A sensing method in which the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver are located in different TRPs or UEs.

[0064] Multistatic sensing: A sensing method in which there are multiple sensing transmitters / multiple sensing receivers for a sensing target.

[0065] Sensing signal: A signal transmitted over the 3GPP air interface that is used for sensing purposes.

[0066] Header UE: A UE that triggers / performs U2U (UE-to-UE) sensing based on a request from the NW / client UE (e.g., by using a sensing RS).

[0067] Client UE: A UE that requests other UEs to perform sensing and reporting thereof.

[0068] Anchor UE: A UE that performs sensing-related transmission / reception with a header UE based on a request from the header UE (e.g., by using a sensing RS).

[0069] <Tenth Embodiment> Hereinafter, types of sensing in the present disclosure will be described.

[0070] The following A, B, or C may be applied as a sensing trigger method: A: Sensing triggered by the NW side; B: Sensing based on event detection by the UE side (the event monitoring method is set / instructed to the UE by the NW side); C: Sensing triggered by the UE side based on a request from the UE's own upper layer or a client UE.

[0071] The sensing RS (sensing signal) is transmitted / received by the following methods X, Y, or Z: X: The sensing RS is transmitted from the TRP to the UE. Y: The sensing RS is transmitted from the UE to the TRP. Z: The sensing RS is transmitted from the UE to the UE. Z1: The sensing RS is transmitted from the header UE to the anchor UE. Z2: The sensing RS is transmitted from the anchor UE to the header UE. Variation: Both X and Y are possible in a sensing session. Variation: Both Z1 and Z2 are possible in a sensing session.

[0072] In the present disclosure, any combination of the above {A, B, C} and {X, Y, Z1, Z2} is applied.

[0073] Additionally, one or more sub-steps (sub-steps within A, B, C, X, Y, and Z) in this disclosure may be skipped, combined, performed in reverse order, added, modified, or repeated. TRP-TRP (BS-BS) bistatic sensing or TRP (BS) monostatic sensing may similarly be achieved by applying one or more of the sub-steps described below.

[0074] <First embodiment> The procedure in A (sensing triggered by the NW side) described above is specifically executed in the following order: A1: Preparation (system / UE information exchange). A2: Sensing trigger by the NW (e.g., based on a request from the application layer). A3: Search for valid UEs (e.g., making inquiries about broadcast type, valid UEs, surrounding environment in case of Z, etc.). Note that A3 may be skipped. A4: Determination of sensing UEs by the NW (e.g., based on the A1 preparation). A5: Sensing request to one or more determined sensing UEs (e.g., the above-mentioned Z processing, performed for header UE / anchor UE).

[0075] 3A is a diagram showing a first example of the first embodiment. In the process of A1, system / UE information is exchanged (transmitted and received) between the NW, TRP, and UE. In the process of A2, sensing is triggered by the NW. In the process of A3, the NW searches for a valid UE via the TRP. In the process of A4, the NW determines a sensing UE. In the process of A5, the NW transmits a sensing request via the TRP to the UE determined as the sensing UE.

[0076] 3B is a diagram showing a second example of the first embodiment. In the process A1, information exchange (transmission and reception) is performed in the system / UE between the NW / TRP and the header UE. In the process A2, sensing is triggered by the NW / TRP. In the process A3, the NW / TRP transmits a signal (inquiry) to the UE via the TRP to search for a valid UE (header UE / anchor UE). In the process A4, the NW / TRP determines the sensing UE. In the process A5, the NW / TRP transmits a sensing request to the header UE. The header UE transmits the sensing request to the anchor UE. In the process A5, the client UE may transmit a sensing request to the header UE.

[0077] <<A1>> A1: Preparation (system / UE information exchange) will be specifically explained.

[0078] System information is transmitted (broadcast / multicast / unicast) from the NW to the TRP, from the NW / TRP to the UE, or from the NW / TRP to the potential header UE / potential anchor UE. The system information is, for example, sensing-related information. The potential header UE / potential anchor UE is a UE that can become a header UE / anchor UE.

[0079] The UE information report is a report that the UE transmits to the NW and includes information related to sensing. The UE information report includes at least one of information that does not change over time (e.g., UE capabilities) and information that changes over time (e.g., status, location-related information). The information that changes over time may be included in the UE information report if A3 is not performed.

[0080] <<A3>> A3: A search for valid UEs (e.g., querying broadcast type, valid UEs, surrounding environment for case Z, etc.) will be specifically described. A valid UE may mean a UE (another UE) that is valid (applicable) as a sensing transmitter / receiver.

[0081] Search requests and responses are transmitted and received between the NW and the TRP, or between the NW / TRP and the header UE.

[0082] The content of the search request is, for example, a search request for a UE / anchor UE, or a paging for an idle / inactive header UE.

[0083] The response contents include search results from the UE / anchor UE, surrounding environment, and information that changes over time in the header UE (for example, status, location-related information).

[0084] The validity inquiry / response is transmitted and received between the NW / TRP and the UE / Header UE / Anchor UE, and between the Header UE and the Anchor UE, by broadcast / multicast / unicast.

[0085] Validity inquiries include, for example, validity inquiries of UEs / anchor UEs (including, for example, sensing use cases, accuracy, etc.), requests for time-varying information, and paging of idle / inactive UEs / header UEs / anchor UEs.

[0086] The response may be, for example, a response as to whether it is valid (e.g., YES / NO) or a response of information that changes over time (such as information content), and is sent from the header UE / anchor UE to the NW / TRP / header UE.

[0087] <<A5>> A5: A specific description will be given of a sensing request to one or more determined UEs (for example, the above-mentioned process Z, which is performed on the header UE / anchor UE).

[0088] The sensing request is transmitted from the NW to the TRP, from the NW / TRP to the UE, from the NW / TRP to the header UE, or from the header UE to the anchor UE by broadcast / multicast / unicast.

[0089] The sensing request may include, for example, a request for sensing transmitter / receiver information, such as a cell ID, information related to coordination between multiple TRPs or multiple anchor UEs, and / or a request / instruction to activate / deactivate sensing operations, a request for paging to idle / inactive UEs.

[0090] <Second embodiment> The procedure in B (sensing based on event detection by the UE side) described above is specifically executed in the following order: B1: Preparation (system / UE information exchange, event configuration). B2: Event monitoring. B3: Event detection. B4: Event reporting. B5: Search for valid UEs (e.g., performing inquiries about broadcast type, valid UEs, surrounding environment for Z, etc.). B6: Determination of sensing UE in the NW. B7: Sensing request to one or more determined UEs (e.g., processing Z described above, performed on header UE / anchor UE). Variation: The UE reporting the event detection is determined as the sensing UE, and B5 is skipped.

[0091] 4A is a diagram showing a first example of the second embodiment. In the process of B1, information exchange (transmission and reception) in the system / UE is performed between the NW, TRP, and UE. In the period of B2, event monitoring is performed by the UE. In the process of B3, the UE performs event detection. In the process of B4, the UE transmits an event report to the NW via the TRP. In the process of B5, the NW searches for valid UEs via the TRP. In the process of B6, the NW determines a sensing UE. In the process of B7, the NW transmits a sensing request to the UE determined as the sensing UE via the TRP.

[0092] 4B is a diagram showing a second example of the second embodiment. In the process of B1, information exchange (transmission and reception) is performed in the system / UE between the NW / TRP and the header UE. In the period of B2, the header UE performs event monitoring. In the process of B3, the header UE performs event detection. In the process of B4, the header UE transmits an event report to the NW / TRP. In the process of B5, the NW / TRP searches for a valid UE (anchor UE) via the header UE. In the process of B6, the NW / TRP determines a sensing UE. In the process of B7, the NW / TRP transmits a sensing request via the header UE to the anchor UE determined as the sensing UE.

[0093] <<Option B1>> B1: Preparation (system / UE information exchange, event setting) will be specifically explained.

[0094] System information is transmitted and received in the same manner as in A1. The system information is, for example, sensing-related information. The sensing-related information may include event-related information.

[0095] The UE information report is the same as A1.

[0096] The event-related information may include, for example, at least one of the following: event type / condition, measurement settings (such as monitoring period / time window), and report settings.

[0097] <<Option B2>> B2: Event monitoring will be explained in detail.

[0098] One or more UEs / header UEs / client UEs perform monitoring or measurements based on the configuration.

[0099] <<Option B3>> B3: Event detection will be specifically explained.

[0100] One or more UEs / header UEs / client UEs determine whether the conditions set as an event are met based on the observation (monitoring / measurement) in B2. That is, an event is detected. The UE may detect the event based on the sensing-related information (event-related information) received in B1.

[0101] <<Option B4>> B4: Event Reporting Explained Specifically: One or more UEs / header UEs / client UEs send a report (e.g., trigger message) to the NW / TRP when an event is detected in B3.

[0102] <<Option B5>> B5: The process of searching for valid UEs is the same as A3, so a detailed description will be omitted.

[0103] <<Option B6>> B6: Determining the sensing UE in the NW will be specifically described. The NW determines which UE / anchor UE will be the sensing receiver based on its algorithm / event detection / report. Or, the NW receives a UE determination message from the TRP / header UE indicating the determined UE.

[0104] <<Option B7>> B7: The process of the sensing request for the determined one or more UEs is the same as A5, and therefore a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0105] According to this embodiment, sensing is performed based on event detection on the UE side, so that sensing can be performed at appropriate timing.

[0106] <Third embodiment> The above-mentioned procedure C (sensing triggered by the UE side based on a request from the UE's own upper layer or a client UE) is specifically executed in the following order: C1: Preparation (system / UE information exchange). C2: Sensing trigger by the UE itself or sensing request from a client UE. C3: Sensing TRP / UE determination by the UE. C4: Sensing request to one or more sensing TRP / UE determined as the sensing TRP / UE. Note that in case Z, C3 / C4 may be skipped.

[0107] 5A is a diagram showing a first example of the third embodiment. In the process of C1, system / UE information is exchanged (transmitted and received) between the NW, TRP, and UE. In the process of C2, the UE itself triggers sensing. In the process of C3, the UE determines the sensing TRP / UE. In the process of C4, the UE transmits a sensing request to one or more sensing TRPs determined as the sensing TRPs. The sensing request is then transmitted to the NW.

[0108] 5B is a diagram showing a second example of the third embodiment. In the process of C1, system / UE information is exchanged (transmitted and received) between the NW and the header UE. In the process of C2, the header UE itself triggers sensing. In FIG. 5B, C3 and C4 are skipped.

[0109] <<Option C1>> C1: Preparation (system / UE information exchange) will be specifically explained.

[0110] System information is transmitted and received in the same manner as in A1. The system information is, for example, sensing-related information. The sensing-related information may include at least one of settings related to a sensing request and applicable sensing types / capabilities.

[0111] The UE information report is the same as A1.

[0112] The sensing request related settings may include, for example, a setting of a sensing request between a client UE and a header UE. The sensing request related settings may include, for example, a setting of a sensing request message between a NW / TRP and a UE / client UE / header UE.

[0113] <<Option C2>> C2: A sensing trigger by the UE itself or a sensing request from a client UE will be specifically described.

[0114] The sensing trigger / sensing request may be performed based on instructions from the application layer, for example.

[0115] The sensing trigger / sensing request may be implemented, for example, based on a monitoring signal from the NW / TRP / other UE (e.g., client UE, anchor UE).

[0116] The sensing trigger / sensing request is based on, for example, the conditions of the UE (e.g., conditions related to location / velocity / time).

[0117] The sensing trigger / sensing request is based on, for example, receiving a signal from the client UE.

[0118] <<Option C3>> C3: The determination of the sensing TRP / UE by the UE will be specifically explained.

[0119] The UE determines which TRP to use as a sensing transmitter based on periodic transmission signals from the TRP, or other designated signals for sensing purposes, or other means.

[0120] <<Option C4>> C4: A sensing request for one or more sensing TRPs / UEs determined as sensing TRPs / UEs is specifically explained.

[0121] The sensing request may include at least one of a required sensing capability, a resource request for sensing, a request for processing Y / Z, and permission to apply sensing (e.g., processing Z).

[0122] According to this embodiment, sensing is triggered by the UE, so that sensing can be started quickly even without a request from the NW / TRP.

[0123] <Fourth embodiment> The above-mentioned procedure in X (sensing RS is transmitted from TRP to UE) is specifically executed in the following order: X1: Transmission / reception of sensing RS. X2: Measurement (based on sensing RS). X3: Report (measurement result, calculation result, etc.). The report is transmitted, for example, from the UE to the NW via the TRP.

[0124] 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the fourth embodiment. After the above-described processes A, B, and C, the TRP transmits a sensing RS to the UE as a process X1. The UE performs measurements based on the sensing RS as a process X2. The UE transmits a report including the measurement results / calculation results to the NW via the TRP as a process X3.

[0125] <<X1>> X1: Transmission / reception of sensing RS will be specifically described.

[0126] The UE may receive in advance, via higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling, configuration information regarding at least one of the sensing RS, RS sequence, resource (time (opportunity, symbol, slot) / frequency), and beam. The UE receives the sensing RS from the TRP based on the configuration.

[0127] <<X2>> X2: Measurement (based on sensing RS) will now be described in detail.

[0128] The UE may receive a configuration of the sensing RS in advance, including a measurement target, a measurement ID, a measurement quantity, and a measurement gap. The UE may perform measurements of the received sensing RS based on the configuration.

[0129] <<X3>> X3: Provide a specific explanation of the report (measurement results, calculation results, etc.).

[0130] The UE may send a report to the TRP containing measurement results (raw / processed measurement results), and the report may include at least one of an event type, a reporting amount, a reporting criterion, and a reporting period.

[0131] The TRP transmits reports (single / consolidated / processed reports) received from the UE to the NW. The report may include at least one of the result quantity (detection result, speed, gesture type) and sensing time duration. The TRP may perform result adjustment to aggregate the sensing results. The reporting may use an interface for transmitting sensing results.

[0132] According to this embodiment, the sensing RS is transmitted from the TRP to the UE, thereby reducing the load on the UE in sensing.

[0133] Fifth Embodiment The procedure in Y (sensing RS is transmitted from UE to TRP) described above is specifically executed in the following order: Y1: Sensing RS request (sensing request) Y2: Sensing RS transmission / reception Y3: Measurement Y4: Report (measurement result, calculation result, etc.).

[0134] 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of the fifth embodiment. After the above-described processes A, B, and C, in process Y1, the TRP sends a sensing RS request to the UE. In process Y2, the UE sends a sensing RS to the TRP. In process Y3, the TRP performs measurements based on the sensing RS. In process Y4, the TRP sends a report including the measurement results / calculation results to the NW.

[0135] <<Y1>> Y1: Sensing RS request will be specifically described.

[0136] The TRP transmits (broadcast / multicast / unicast) a sensing RS request to the UE. The sensing RS request may include at least one of a sensing start indication (e.g., DCI / paging) and an RS transmission window.

[0137] <<Y2>> Y2: Sensing RS transmission / reception will be specifically described.

[0138] The UE may receive in advance, via higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling, configuration information for the sensing RS regarding at least one of the RS sequence, resource (time (opportunity, symbol, slot) / frequency), and beam. The UE transmits the sensing RS to the TRP based on the configuration.

[0139] <<Y3>> Y3: Measurement will be specifically explained. The TRP receives in advance settings for the sensing RS, including the measurement target, measurement ID, measurement amount, and measurement gap. The TRP performs measurement of the received sensing RS based on the settings.

[0140] <<Y4>> Y4: Provide a specific explanation of the report (measurement results, calculation results, etc.).

[0141] The TRP sends a report containing the measurement results (single / consolidated / processed report) to the NW. The report may include at least one of the result quantity (detection, speed, gesture type) and sensing time duration. The TRP may perform result adjustment to aggregate the sensing results. The report may use an interface for transmitting the sensing results.

[0142] The UE may send the above report to the TRP together with the CSI / beam report.

[0143] According to this embodiment, the sensing RS is transmitted from the UE to the TRP, so that an object present on the UE side can be appropriately detected.

[0144] Sixth Embodiment The procedure in Z1 described above (sensing RS is transmitted from header UE to anchor UE) is specifically executed in the following order.

[0145] Z11: Setup between header UE and anchor UE. Z111: UE discovery. Z112: Determination of anchor UE by header UE. Z113: Sensing request to determined anchor UE.

[0146] Z12: Sensing transmission / reception, measurement / report. Z121: Sensing RS transmission / reception. Z122: Measurement (based on sensing RS). Z123: Report transmission from anchor UE to header UE. Z124: Report transmission from header UE to NW / TRP / client UE.

[0147] 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of the sixth embodiment. After the above-described processes A, B, and C, in process Z111, the header UE transmits and receives a signal to discover the anchor UE. In process Z112, the header UE determines the anchor UE. In process Z113, the header UE transmits a sensing request to the determined anchor UE.

[0148] In the process of Z121, the header UE transmits the sensing RS to the anchor UE. In the process of Z122, the anchor UE measures the sensing RS. In the process of Z123, the anchor UE transmits a report to the header UE. In the process of Z124, the header UE transmits the report to the NW / TRP / client UE.

[0149] <<Z11>> Z11: The setup between the header UE and the anchor UE will now be specifically described.

[0150] <<<Z111>>> Z111: UE discovery will be explained in detail.

[0151] The header UE sends a discovery message to any UE or anchor UE candidate determined based on the above-described procedure A, B, or C. For example, the header UE inquires about at least one of information indicating the current availability / surrounding environment of the UE in the discovery message.

[0152] The anchor UE sends a response to the discovery message to the header UE. The anchor UE may return a response based on conditions. The response may be a delivery confirmation signal. The response may include information indicating the availability / surrounding environment of the UE at the time of receiving the discovery message.

[0153] <<<<Z112>>> Z112: Determination of anchor UE by header UE will be specifically described.

[0154] The header UE determines the anchor UE based on the received message of Z111. For example, if the response from the anchor UE to the discovery message indicates that the response is valid, the header UE determines the anchor UE as a sensing request target.

[0155] <<<<Z113>>> Z113: A sensing request to the determined anchor UE will now be described in detail.

[0156] The sensing request may be a notification message informing the anchor UE of its application as a sensing transmitter. The sensing request may indicate activation / deactivation as a sensing transmitter. The sensing request may include information for coordination with other anchor UEs.

[0157] <<Z12>> Z12: Sensing transmission / reception, measurement / reporting will be specifically explained.

[0158] <<<<Z121>>> Z121: Transmission / reception of sensing RS will be specifically described.

[0159] The header UE may receive in advance, through higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling, configuration information regarding at least one of the RS sequence, resource (time (opportunity, symbol, slot) / frequency), and beam for the sensing RS. The header UE transmits the sensing RS to the anchor UE based on the configuration.

[0160] <<<Z122>>> Z122: Measurement (based on sensing RS) will now be described in detail.

[0161] The anchor UE may receive in advance a configuration of the sensing RS, including a measurement target, a measurement ID, a measurement quantity, and a measurement gap, via upper layer signaling / physical layer signaling. The anchor UE performs measurement of the received sensing RS based on the configuration.

[0162] <<<<Z123>>> Z123: Report transmission from anchor UE to header UE will be specifically described.

[0163] The anchor UE may send a report including measurement results (raw / processed measurement results) to the header UE. The report may include at least one of an event type, a reporting amount, a reporting criterion, and a reporting period.

[0164] <<<<Z124>>> Z124: Header Report transmission from UE to NW / TRP will now be described in detail.

[0165] The header UE sends the report (single / consolidated / processed report) received from the UE to the NW / TRP / client UE. The report may include at least one of the result quantity (detection result, speed, gesture type) and sensing time duration. The NW / TRP / client UE may perform result adjustment to aggregate the sensing results. The report may use an interface for transmitting sensing results.

[0166] According to this embodiment, the sensing RS is transmitted from the header UE to the anchor UE, so that an object between the two UEs can be properly detected.

[0167] Seventh Embodiment The procedure in Z2 (where the sensing RS is transmitted from the anchor UE to the header UE) described above is specifically executed in the following order.

[0168] Z21: Setup between header UE and anchor UE. Z211: UE discovery. Z212: Determination of anchor UE by header UE. Z213: Sensing request to determined anchor UE. Z213 may be performed simultaneously with Z221 or may be omitted.

[0169] Z22: Sensing transmission / reception, measurement / report. Z221: Sending a sensing RS request. Z222: Sending / receiving a sensing RS. Z223: Measurement (based on sensing RS). Z224: Report transmission from header UE to NW.

[0170] 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of the seventh embodiment. After the above-described processes A, B, and C, in process Z211, the header UE transmits and receives a signal to discover an anchor UE. In process Z212, the header UE determines an anchor UE. In process Z213, the header UE transmits a sensing request to the determined anchor UE.

[0171] In the process Z221, the header UE sends a sensing RS request to the anchor UE. In the process Z222, the anchor UE sends a sensing RS. In the process Z223, the header UE performs measurement based on the sensing RS. In the process Z224, the header UE sends the report to the NW / TRP / client UE.

[0172] <<Z21>> Z21 is similar to Z11, so a detailed description will be omitted.

[0173] <<Z22>> Z22: Sensing transmission / reception, measurement / reporting will be specifically described.

[0174] <<<<Z221>>> Z221: Transmission of a sensing RS request will be specifically described.

[0175] The header UE transmits (broadcast / multicast / unicast) a sensing RS request to the anchor UE. The sensing RS request may include at least one of a sensing start indication (e.g., DCI / paging) and an RS transmission window.

[0176] <<<<Z222>>> Z222: Transmission / reception of sensing RS will be specifically described.

[0177] The anchor UE may receive in advance, through higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling, configuration information regarding at least one of the sensing RS, RS sequence, resource (time (opportunity, symbol, slot) / frequency), and beam, for the sensing RS. The anchor UE transmits the sensing RS to the header UE based on the configuration.

[0178] <<<<Z223>>> Z223: Measurement (based on sensing RS) will now be described in detail.

[0179] The header UE may receive in advance a configuration of the sensing RS, including a measurement target, a measurement ID, a measurement quantity, and a measurement gap, via upper layer signaling / physical layer signaling, and performs measurement of the received sensing RS based on the configuration.

[0180] <<<<Z224>>> Z224: Header Report transmission from UE to NW / TRP will now be described in detail.

[0181] The header UE sends a measurement-based report (single / consolidated / processed report) to the NW / TRP / client UE. The report may include at least one of the following: result quantity (detection result, speed, gesture type), sensing time duration. The NW / TRP / client UE may perform result adjustment to aggregate the sensing results. The report may use an interface for transmitting sensing results.

[0182] According to this embodiment, the sensing RS is transmitted from the anchor UE to the header UE, so that an object between the two UEs can be properly detected.

[0183] <Supplementary Information> <<Notification of Information to UE>> In the above-described embodiments, notification of any information to the UE [from a Network (NW) (e.g., a Base Station (BS))] (in other words, reception of any information from the BS by the UE) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), a specific signal / channel (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0184] When the notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) in the MAC subheader, which is not defined in existing standards.

[0185] When the notification is made by DCI, the notification may be made by a specific field of the DCI, a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used to scramble Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, the format of the DCI, etc.

[0186] In addition, notification of any information to the UE in the above-mentioned embodiments may be performed periodically, semi-persistently (triggered by an instruction from the UE or the gNB), or aperiodically (triggered by an instruction from the UE or the gNB).

[0187] In the above embodiment, the UE may receive information from the NW as at least one of the following QCL rules: QCL type A. QCL type B. QCL type C. QCL type D.

[0188] In the above-described embodiment, the QCL source RS for each QCL type may be at least one of the following several RSs: SSB; CSI-RS with / without repetition; TRS; DMRS of PDCCH / PDSCH.

[0189] In the above-described embodiment, the information from the NW may be set / indicated by the following methods: Common to multiple UEs or UE-specific; Cell-specific or common to multiple cells; Per UE / per CC / per BWP / per band / per cell / per cell group (CG).

[0190] <<Notification of Information from UE>> In the above-described embodiments, notification of any information from the UE [to the NW] (in other words, transmission / report of any information from the UE to the BS) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), a specific signal / channel (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0191] When the notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new LCID, which is not defined in existing standards, in the MAC subheader.

[0192] If the notification is made by UCI, the notification may be transmitted using PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0193] In addition, notification of any information from the UE in the above-mentioned embodiments may be periodic, semi-persistent (triggered by an instruction from the UE or gNB), or aperiodic (triggered by an instruction from the UE or gNB).

[0194] <<Regarding Application of Each Embodiment>> In a UE / BS, specific (one or more) processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information for at least one of the above-mentioned embodiments may be applied (used) when one or more of the following conditions are met: - a higher layer parameter indicating the specific processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information is configured; - the specific processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information is determined based on related higher layer parameters; - the specific processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information is specified / activated / triggered by a MAC CE / DCI / UCI / resource / channel / RS; - a specific UE capability indicating (or related to) the specific processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information is reported or supported; - the application of the specific processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information is determined based on specific conditions.

[0195] The specific UE capability may indicate at least one of the following: - Supporting the specific processing / operation / control / assumption / information; - Supporting the sensing methods 1 to 6; - Supporting the sensing transmitter / sensing receiver / header UE / anchor UE functions.

[0196] In the present disclosure, the terms "supporting" and "whether to support" may be read interchangeably.

[0197] Furthermore, the above-mentioned specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), or may be a capability for each frequency (e.g., one or a combination of a cell, a band, a band combination, a BWP, a component carrier, etc.), or may be a capability for each frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), or may be a capability for each subcarrier spacing (SubCarrier Spacing (SCS)), or may be a capability for each Feature Set (FS) or Feature Set Per Component-carrier (FSPC).

[0198] Furthermore, the specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied to all duplexing methods (commonly regardless of the duplexing method), or may be a capability for each duplexing method (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD) or Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0199] If the above conditions are not met, the UE / BS may follow the behavior specified in existing 3GPP releases.

[0200] (Supplementary Notes) The following inventions are supplementary notes regarding the second embodiment of the present disclosure. [Supplementary Note 1] A terminal having: a control unit that detects an event and controls transmission of an event report; and a receiving unit that receives a sensing request when determined as a sensing terminal. [Supplementary Note 2] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 1, wherein the receiving unit receives event-related information, and the control unit detects the event based on the event-related information. [Supplementary Note 3] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 1 or Supplementary Note 2, wherein the control unit searches for other terminals that are valid as sensing receivers or sensing transmitters. [Supplementary Note 4] The terminal according to any of Supplementary Notes 1 to 3, wherein the sensing request is a request to activate or deactivate a sensing operation.

[0201] (Supplementary Notes) The following inventions are supplementary notes regarding the fifth embodiment (UE), sixth embodiment (header UE), and seventh embodiment (anchor UE) of the present disclosure. [Supplementary Note 1] A terminal having: a receiver that receives configuration information related to a sensing reference signal (RS); a controller that controls reception or transmission of a sensing request; and a transmitter that transmits the sensing reference signal (RS). [Supplementary Note 2] (e.g., Z111) The terminal according to Supplementary Note 1, in which, when the destination of the sensing RS is another terminal, the transmitter receives a discovery message from the other terminal, and the receiver receives a response to the discovery message. [Supplementary Note 3] (e.g., Z121, Z222) The terminal according to Supplementary Note 1 or Supplementary Note 2, in which the configuration information indicates configuration related to at least one of an RS sequence, a resource, and a beam. [Supplementary Note 4] (e.g., Z1, Z2) The terminal according to any of Supplementary Notes 1 to 3, in which the transmitter transmits the sensing RS to another terminal.

[0202] (Wireless Communication System) The configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of the present disclosure or a combination thereof.

[0203] 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (which may be simply referred to as system 1) may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE) or 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR) specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0204] The wireless communication system 1 may also support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[0205] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the master node (Master Node (MN)), and the NR base station (gNB) is the secondary node (Secondary Node (SN)). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0206] The wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity in which both the MN and SN are NR base stations (gNBs) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0207] The wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with a relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) that are located within the macrocell C1 and form small cells C2 that are smaller than the macrocell C1. A user terminal 20 may be located within at least one of the cells. The location, number, shape, size, etc. of each cell and user terminal 20 are not limited to the embodiment shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when there is no need to distinguish between the base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as the base station 10.

[0208] The wireless communication system 1 may utilize multi-input multi-output (MIMO). For example, one cell may be formed by one antenna / base station 10, or may be formed by multiple antennas / base stations 10. One [virtual] cell (which may be called, for example, a supercell) may be composed of multiple [virtual] cells (which may be called, for example, subcells). A supercell may correspond to a cell with a fixed physical range, and a subcell may correspond to a cell with a quasi-static / dynamically variable physical range. In this case, the wireless communication system 1 may be called a cell-free system.

[0209] The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CCs) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0210] Each CC may be included in at least one of a first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and a second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). The macro cell C1 may be included in FR1, and the small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band of 6 GHz or less (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band higher than 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may correspond to a higher frequency band than FR2.

[0211] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may perform communication using at least one of time division duplex (TDD) and frequency division duplex (FDD) in each CC.

[0212] The multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (e.g., optical fiber compliant with the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), an X2 / Xn interface, etc.) or wirelessly (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between the base stations 11 and 12, the base station 11 corresponding to the upper station may be called an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and the base station 12 corresponding to the relay station (relay) may be called an IAB node.

[0213] The base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 directly or via another base station 10. The core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), a Next Generation Core (NGC), and the like.

[0214] The core network 30 may include network functions (Network Functions (NF)) such as a User Plane Function (UPF), an Access and Mobility management Function (AMF), a Session Management Function (SMF), a Unified Data Management (UDM), an Application Function (AF), a Data Network (DN), a Location Management Function (LMF), and Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Management) (OAM). A single network node may provide multiple functions. Communication with an external network (e.g., the Internet) may also be performed via the DN.

[0215] The user terminal 20 may be a terminal that supports at least one of communication methods such as LTE, LTE-A, and 5G.

[0216] An Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-based radio access scheme may be used in the wireless communication system 1. For example, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or the like may be used in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL).

[0217] The radio access scheme may also be called a waveform. Note that in the wireless communication system 1, other radio access schemes (e.g., other single-carrier transmission schemes, other multi-carrier transmission schemes) may be used as the UL and DL radio access schemes.

[0218] In the wireless communication system 1, a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), etc. may be used as the downlink channel.

[0219] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), or the like may be used as an uplink channel.

[0220] The PDSCH transmits user data, higher layer control information, a System Information Block (SIB), etc. The PUSCH may transmit user data, higher layer control information, etc. Furthermore, the PBCH may transmit a Master Information Block (MIB).

[0221] Lower layer control information may be transmitted by the PDCCH. The lower layer control information may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) including scheduling information for at least one of the PDSCH and the PUSCH.

[0222] Note that the DCI for scheduling the PDSCH may be referred to as a DL assignment, a DL DCI, etc., and the DCI for scheduling the PUSCH may be referred to as a UL grant, a UL DCI, etc. Note that the PDSCH may be replaced with DL data, and the PUSCH may be replaced with UL data.

[0223] A control resource set (CORESET) and a search space may be used to detect the PDCCH. The CORESET corresponds to resources for searching for DCI. The search space corresponds to a search region and a search method for PDCCH candidates. One CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE may monitor the CORESET associated with a certain search space based on the search space configuration.

[0224] One search space may correspond to PDCCH candidates corresponding to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be referred to as a search space set. Note that the terms "search space," "search space set," "search space configuration," "search space set configuration," "CORESET," "CORESET configuration," and the like in the present disclosure may be read interchangeably.

[0225] The PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) including at least one of channel state information (CSI), delivery confirmation information (which may be called, for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR). The PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with a cell.

[0226] In the present disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc. may be expressed without adding "link." Also, various channels may be expressed without adding "Physical" to the beginning.

[0227] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc. may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, as the DL-RS, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc. may be transmitted.

[0228] The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including an SS (PSS, SSS) and a PBCH (and a DMRS for the PBCH) may be referred to as an SS / PBCH block, an SS Block (SSB), or the like. Note that the SS, SSB, and the like may also be referred to as a reference signal.

[0229] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, a sounding reference signal (SRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), or the like may be transmitted as an uplink reference signal (UL-RS). Note that the DMRS may also be called a user equipment-specific reference signal (UE-specific reference signal).

[0230] 11 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transceiver unit 120, a transceiver antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that the base station may include one or more of each of the control unit 110, the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission line interface 140.

[0231] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0232] The control unit 110 performs overall control of the base station 10. The control unit 110 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are explained based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0233] The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may control transmission and reception using the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140, measurement, etc. The control unit 110 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals, and transfer them to the transceiver unit 120. The control unit 110 may perform call processing (setting up, releasing, etc.) of communication channels, status management of the base station 10, management of radio resources, etc.

[0234] The transceiver unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transceiver unit 120 may be configured with a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0235] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be configured from a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be configured from a transmission processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may be configured from a reception processing unit 1212, the RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.

[0236] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be configured from an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates, such as an array antenna.

[0237] The transceiver 120 may transmit the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 120 may receive the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0238] The transceiver 120 may form at least one of the transmit beam and the receive beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0239] The transmitter / receiver unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer processing, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), Medium Access Control (MAC) layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 110, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0240] The transmitter / receiver unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0241] The transceiver unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transceiver antenna 130.

[0242] On the other hand, the transceiver unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transceiver antenna 130.

[0243] The transceiver 120 (reception processing unit 1212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, thereby acquiring user data, etc.

[0244] The transceiver 120 (measurement unit 123) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.

[0245] The transmission path interface 140 may transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between devices included in the core network 30 (e.g., network nodes that provide NF), other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0246] The transmitting section and receiving section of the base station 10 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving section 120, the transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140.

[0247] The base station 10 may be separated into three elements: a radio unit (RU), a distributed unit (DU), and a central unit (CU). For example, the RU may implement RF processing (digital beamforming, digital-to-analog conversion, analog beamforming, etc.) and lower-level functions of the physical layer (precoding, IFFT, FFT, etc.). The DU may implement higher-level functions of the physical layer (coding to resource element mapping, etc.), MAC layer functions, and RLC layer functions. The CU may implement the functions of the PDCP layer, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, and RRC layer.

[0248] In the present disclosure, the base station 10 may include a single device that realizes all of the functions of the RU, DU, and CU, or may include multiple devices that each realize some of the functions of the RU, DU, and CU and are connected to each other. In the present disclosure, the base station 10 may be interchangeably read as RU / DU / CU.

[0249] When an event is detected, the control unit 110 may control the reception of an event report.

[0250] When the transmitting / receiving unit 120 determines the sensing terminal, it may transmit a sensing request.

[0251] The control unit 110 may control the transmission of the sensing request.

[0252] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may transmit configuration information related to a sensing reference signal (RS). The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may receive a sensing reference signal (RS).

[0253] (User Terminal) Fig. 12 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transceiver unit 220, and a transceiver antenna 230. Note that the user terminal 20 may include one or more of each of the control unit 210, the transceiver unit 220, and the transceiver antenna 230.

[0254] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0255] The control unit 210 performs overall control of the user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0256] The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may control transmission and reception, measurement, etc. using the transceiver unit 220 and the transceiver antenna 230. The control unit 210 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals and transfer them to the transceiver unit 220.

[0257] The transceiver unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transceiver unit 220 may be configured with a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0258] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be composed of a transmission processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may be composed of a reception processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.

[0259] The transmitting / receiving antenna 230 can be configured from an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates, such as an array antenna.

[0260] The transceiver 220 may receive the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 220 may transmit the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0261] The transceiver unit 220 may form at least one of the transmit beam and the receive beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0262] The transceiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 210, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0263] The transmitter / receiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0264] Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the setting of transform precoding. When transform precoding is enabled for a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), the transceiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as the transmission processing to transmit the channel using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, and if not, it may not be necessary to perform DFT processing as the transmission processing.

[0265] The transceiver unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transceiver antenna 230.

[0266] On the other hand, the transceiver unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transceiver antenna 230.

[0267] The transceiver unit 220 (reception processing unit 2212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, and acquire user data, etc.

[0268] The transceiver 220 (measurement unit 223) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 may perform RRM measurements, CSI measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 may measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.

[0269] The measurement unit 223 may derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on the channel measurement resources. The channel measurement resources may be, for example, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. The measurement unit 223 may also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on the interference measurement resources. The interference measurement resources may be at least one of an NZP CSI-RS resource for interference measurement, a CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resource, etc. Note that CSI-IM may be referred to as CSI-Interference Management (IM) or may be interchangeably read as Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS. Note that in the present disclosure, CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc. may be interchangeably read as interchangeable.

[0270] The transmitting unit and receiving unit of the user terminal 20 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving unit 220 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0271] The transceiver unit 220 may perform at least part of the processing of the transmitter / receiver unit described in the above appendix.

[0272] The control unit 210 may perform at least some of the processing of the control unit described in the above-mentioned supplementary notes.

[0273] (Hardware Configuration) Note that the block diagrams used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wires, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may be realized by combining software with the single device or the multiple devices.

[0274] Here, the functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, election, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, deeming, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission may be called a transmitting unit, transmitter, etc. As described above, the implementation method of each is not particularly limited.

[0275] For example, a base station, a user terminal, or the like according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Fig. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. The above-described base station 10 and user terminal 20 may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, and the like.

[0276] In the present disclosure, the terms apparatus, circuit, device, section, unit, etc. may be used interchangeably. The hardware configurations of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include one or more of the devices shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the devices.

[0277] For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown, there may be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing may be performed by one processor, or processing may be performed by two or more processors simultaneously, serially, or in other ways. Furthermore, processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips.

[0278] Each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 is realized, for example, by loading specified software (programs) onto hardware such as a processor 1001 and a memory 1002, causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication via the communication device 1004, and control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0279] The processor 1001, for example, runs an operating system to control the entire computer. The processor 1001 may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc. For example, at least a part of the above-mentioned control unit 110 (210), transceiver unit 120 (220), etc. may be realized by the processor 1001.

[0280] The processor 1001 also reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes in accordance with these. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and the other functional blocks may be implemented in a similar manner.

[0281] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured by at least one of, for example, Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically EEPROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), or other suitable storage medium. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, cache, main memory, etc. The memory 1002 may store executable programs (program codes), software modules, etc. for implementing a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0282] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be composed of at least one of, for example, a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disc (e.g., a Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray disc), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.

[0283] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, or a communication module. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmission / reception unit 120 (220), transmission / reception antenna 130 (230), etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004. The transmission / reception unit 120 (220) may be implemented as a transmission unit 120a (220a) and a reception unit 120b (220b) that are physically or logically separated.

[0284] The input device 1005 is an input device (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that accepts input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (e.g., a display, a speaker, a light emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (e.g., a touch panel).

[0285] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0286] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized using this hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0287] In addition, the devices included in the core network 30 (for example, network nodes that provide NF) may also be realized by the above-mentioned functional block / hardware configuration.

[0288] (Modifications) Note that terms described in the present disclosure and terms necessary for understanding the present disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, a channel, a symbol, and a signal (signal or signaling) may be interchangeable. A signal may also be a message. A reference signal may be abbreviated as RS, and may also be called a pilot, pilot signal, etc. depending on the applicable standard. A component carrier (CC) may also be called a cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0289] A radio frame may be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of the one or more periods (frames) constituting a radio frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0290] Here, the numerology may be a communication parameter applied to at least one of transmission and reception of a signal or channel, and may indicate at least one of, for example, Subcarrier Spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, Transmission Time Interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering performed by a transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing performed by a transceiver in the time domain.

[0291] A slot may be composed of one or more symbols (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol) in the time domain. A slot may also be a time unit based on numerology.

[0292] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0293] A radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals. The radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol. Note that the time units such as a frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol in the present disclosure may be interchangeable.

[0294] For example, one subframe may be referred to as a TTI, or multiple consecutive subframes may be referred to as a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be referred to as a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc. instead of a subframe.

[0295] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each user terminal) to each user terminal in TTI units. Note that the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0296] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0297] When one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0298] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a regular TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0299] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and greater than or equal to 1 ms.

[0300] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined based on numerology.

[0301] In addition, an RB may include one or more symbols in the time domain and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI, each of which may be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0302] In addition, one or more RBs may be referred to as a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0303] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0304] A Bandwidth Part (BWP), which may also be referred to as a partial bandwidth, may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a Common Reference Point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a BWP and numbered within the BWP.

[0305] The BWP may include a UL BWP (BWP for UL) and a DL BWP (BWP for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0306] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0307] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc. may be changed in various ways.

[0308] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by a predetermined index.

[0309] The names used for parameters and the like in this disclosure are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions and the like using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0310] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0311] Furthermore, information, signals, etc. may be output from a higher layer to a lower layer and / or from a lower layer to a higher layer. Information, signals, etc. may be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0312] Input and output information, signals, etc. may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input and output information, signals, etc. may be overwritten, updated, or added. Output information, signals, etc. may be deleted. Input information, signals, etc. may be transmitted to another device.

[0313] With respect to any information (e.g., variables, constants, parameters) described in the present disclosure, even if not specifically stated in the above embodiments, any first device (e.g., UE / base station) may notify any second device (e.g., base station / UE) of information indicating / specifying (or relating to) the value of the any information.

[0314] The notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information in the present disclosure may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI) and Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB) and System Information Block (SIB)), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof.

[0315] Note that the physical layer signaling may be referred to as Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), etc. Furthermore, the RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, such as an RRC Connection Setup message or an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message. Furthermore, the MAC signaling may be notified using, for example, a MAC Control Element (CE).

[0316] Furthermore, notification of specified information (e.g., notification that "it is X") is not limited to explicit notification, but may be made implicitly (e.g., by not notifying the specified information or by notifying other information).

[0317] The determination may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a Boolean value represented by true or false, or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0318] Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0319] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0320] As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably. A "network" may refer to devices included in the network (e.g., base stations).

[0321] In this disclosure, terms such as "precoding," "precoder," "weight (precoding weight)," "Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)," "Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)," "spatial relation," "spatial domain filter," "transmit power," "phase rotation," "antenna port," "layer," "number of layers," "rank," "resource," "resource set," "beam," "beam width," "beam angle," "antenna," "antenna element," "panel," "UE panel," "transmitting entity," "receiving entity," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0322] In the present disclosure, the term "antenna port" may be interchangeably read as an antenna port for any signal / channel (e.g., a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port). In the present disclosure, the term "resource" may be interchangeably read as a resource for any signal / channel (e.g., a reference signal resource, an SRS resource, etc.). The resource may include time / frequency / code / space / power resources. Furthermore, the spatial domain transmission filter may include at least one of a spatial domain transmission filter and a spatial domain reception filter.

[0323] The group may include, for example, at least one of a spatial relationship group, a Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, a Reference Signal (RS) group, a Control Resource Set (CORESET) group, a PUCCH group, an antenna port group (e.g., a DMRS port group), a layer group, a resource group, a beam group, an antenna group, a panel group, and the like.

[0324] In addition, in the present disclosure, beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, codeword (CW), transport block (TB), RS, etc. may be read as interchangeable terms.

[0325] In addition, in the present disclosure, the terms TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, joint TCI state, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0326] Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms such as "QCL," "QCL assumption," "QCL relationship," "QCL type information," "QCL property / properties," "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D) property," and "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D)" may be interchangeable.

[0327] In the present disclosure, terms such as index, identifier (ID), indicator, indication, and resource ID may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms such as sequence, list, set, group, cluster, and subset may be interchangeable.

[0328] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and the spatial relationship information (TCI state) may be interchangeable. The "spatial relationship information (TCI state)" may be interchangeable with "set of spatial relationship information (TCI state)", "one or more pieces of spatial relationship information", etc. The TCI state and the TCI may be interchangeable. The spatial relationship information and the spatial relationship may be interchangeable.

[0329] In the present disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNB (eNodeB)," "gNB (gNodeB)," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," "component carrier," etc. may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, picocell, etc.

[0330] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be partitioned into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can be provided with communication service by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The terms "cell" or "sector" refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication service within that coverage.

[0331] In the present disclosure, a base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control / operate based on the information.

[0332] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0333] A mobile station may also be referred to as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0334] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0335] The mobile body is a movable object that can move at any speed and naturally includes cases where the mobile body is stationary. Examples of the mobile body include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile body may also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on an operation command.

[0336] The mobile object may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also include devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0337] 14 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, an RPM sensor 51, an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0338] The drive unit 41 is configured with at least one of an engine, a motor, and a hybrid of an engine and a motor, for example. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by a user.

[0339] The electronic control unit 49 is composed of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (for example, an input / output (IO) port) 63. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 49 from various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle. The electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0340] The signals from the various sensors 50-58 include a current signal from a current sensor 50 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by a rotation speed sensor 51, an air pressure signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 54, a depression amount signal of the accelerator pedal 43 obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a depression amount signal of the brake pedal 44 obtained by a brake pedal sensor 56, an operation signal of the shift lever 45 obtained by a shift lever sensor 57, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 58.

[0341] The information service unit 59 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a display, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information acquired from external devices via the communication module 60 or the like to provide various information / services (e.g., multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0342] The information service unit 59 may include input devices (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.) that output to the outside.

[0343] The driving assistance system unit 64 includes various devices for providing functions to prevent accidents and reduce the driver's driving burden, such as millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), Inertial Navigation Systems (INSs)), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driving assistance system unit 64 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize driving assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0344] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 transmits and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 to and from the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and the various sensors 50-58, which are provided in the vehicle 40.

[0345] The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the base station 10 or the user terminal 20 described above. Furthermore, the communication module 60 may be, for example, at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 described above (or may function as at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20).

[0346] The communication module 60 may transmit at least one of signals from the above-mentioned various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 59 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include information based on the above-mentioned input.

[0347] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on an information service unit 59 provided in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 60 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH)).

[0348] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, various sensors 50-58, and the like provided in the vehicle 40.

[0349] Furthermore, a base station in the present disclosure may be read as a user terminal. For example, the aspects / embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D) or Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the user terminal 20 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, terms such as an uplink channel and a downlink channel may be read as a sidelink channel.

[0350] Similarly, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be read as a base station, in which case the base station 10 may be configured to have the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0351] In the present disclosure, an operation described as being performed by a base station may be performed by its upper node in some cases. It is apparent that in a network including one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (such as, but not limited to, a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving-Gateway (S-GW), etc.), or a combination thereof.

[0352] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. Furthermore, the order of the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be changed unless inconsistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order, and are not limited to the particular order presented.

[0353] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be a technology other than Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is, for example, an integer or decimal number)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.17 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.19 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.21 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.22 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.23 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.24 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.25 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.26 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.27 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.28 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.29 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.30 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.31 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.32 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.33 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802. The present invention may be applied to systems that use IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other suitable wireless communication methods, or to next-generation systems that are expanded, modified, created, or defined based on these. Furthermore, the present invention may be applied to a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G).

[0354] As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0355] As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.

[0356] The term "determining" as used in this disclosure may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" may be considered to be judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, search, inquiry (e.g., looking up in a table, database, or another data structure), ascertaining, etc.

[0357] Additionally, "determining" may be considered to be "determining" receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc.

[0358] Furthermore, "determination" may be considered to be "determining" resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "determination" may be considered to be "determining" some kind of action. In the present disclosure, "determination" may be read interchangeably with the above-mentioned actions.

[0359] Furthermore, in this disclosure, "determine / determining" may be interchangeably read as "assume / assuming," "expect / expecting," "consider / considering," etc. Furthermore, in this disclosure, "does not expect to do..." may be interchangeably read as "assumes not to do...."

[0360] In the present disclosure, "expect" may be interchangeably read as "be expected." For example, "expect(s) ..." ("..." may be expressed, for example, as a that clause, a to-infinitive, etc.) may be interchangeably read as "be expected ..." or "do ... (if the above "..." is a to-infinitive, a verb with "to")," etc. "does not expect ..." may be interchangeably read as "be not expected ..." or "does not ... (if the above "..." is a to-infinitive, a verb with "to")," etc. Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected ..." may be interchangeably read as "an apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect ... from apparatus A" (for example, if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B may be a base station).

[0361] The "maximum transmit power" in this disclosure may mean the maximum value of transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0362] As used in this disclosure, the terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access."

[0363] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to one another using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., as well as using electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, light (both visible and invisible) range, etc., as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0364] In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0365] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when the term "or" is used in this disclosure, it is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0366] In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0367] In the present disclosure, terms such as "less than or equal to," "less than," "greater than," "more than," "equal to," etc. may be interchangeable. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative, as expressions with "i-th" (i is an arbitrary integer) attached (for example, "highest" may be interchangeable with "i-th highest").

[0368] In this disclosure, the terms "of," "for," "regarding," "related to," "associated with," etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0369] In the present disclosure, terms such as "when A, B," "if A, (then) B," "B upon A," "B in response to A," "B based on A," "B during / while A," "B before A," "B at (the same time as) / on A," "B after A," "B since A," and "B until A" may be interchangeable. Note that A, B, and the like herein may be replaced with appropriate expressions such as nouns, gerunds, and regular sentences, depending on the context. Note that the time difference between A and B may be approximately zero (immediately after or immediately before). A time offset may also be applied to the time at which A occurs. For example, "A" may be interchangeable with "before / after a time offset at which A occurs." The time offset (eg, one or more symbols / slots) may be predefined or may be specified by the UE based on signaled information.

[0370] In the present disclosure, timing, time, duration, time instance, any time unit (e.g., slot, subslot, symbol, subframe), period, occasion, resource, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0371] Although the invention according to the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the invention according to the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure. The description of the present disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and does not impose any limiting meaning on the invention according to the present disclosure.

Claims

a control unit that detects an event and controls the transmission of an event report; a receiving unit that receives a sensing request when the device is determined to be a sensing terminal; A terminal having: 　 the receiving unit receives event-related information; The control unit detects the event based on the event-related information. The terminal according to claim 1 . 　 The control unit searches for other terminals that are effective as sensing receivers or sensing transmitters. The terminal according to claim 1 . 　 A sensing request is a request to activate or deactivate a sensing operation. The terminal according to claim 1 . 　 Detecting an event and controlling the sending of an event report; receiving a sensing request when determined as a sensing terminal; A wireless communication method for a terminal having the above configuration. 　 a control unit that controls receipt of an event report when an event is detected; a transmitter that transmits a sensing request when a sensing terminal is determined; A base station having

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