A foldable computing device

Abstract

A foldable computing device including a display portion including multiple folding sections. The display portion is configured to fold horizontally and vertically. The device includes a computing component positioned within a folding section and multiple hinge mechanisms, in which each connects two folding sections of the multiple folding sections. The display portion is foldable to a hand-held size in a fully folded configuration and a laptop size in an unfolded configuration, in which the hand-held size is smaller than the laptop size.

Description

Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 VARIOUS SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES, ENERGY GENERATION, ENERGY TRANSFER, ENERGY STORAGE, EARTHQUAKE MITIGATION, BUILDING CONSTRUCTION, COMPUTING, AND POLLUTION REDUCTION CLAIM OF PRIORITY

[0001] This application claims priority under 35 USC §119(e) to U.S. Patent Application Serial No.63 / 682,918, filed on August 14, 2024, the entire contents of each of which are hereby incorporated by reference. BACKGROUND

[0002] Vehicle safety and efficiency have been ongoing concerns in the automotive industry. As vehicles become more complex and incorporate advanced technologies, there is a growing need for innovative systems to enhance performance, reduce emissions, and protect occupants during collisions.

[0003] Tire maintenance plays a crucial role in vehicle safety and fuel efficiency. Traditional tire designs often require complete replacement when tread wear occurs, leading to increased costs for vehicle owners and environmental waste. Additionally, maintaining proper tire pressure has been a challenge for many drivers, as it requires regular manual checks and adjustments.

[0004] Vehicle handling and maneuverability, particularly during turning maneuvers, have been areas of focus for automotive engineers. Conventional steering systems typically control only the front wheels, which can limit a vehicle's turning radius and responsiveness in certain driving scenarios.

[0005] Occupant protection during collisions remains a primary concern in vehicle design. While airbag technology has significantly improved safety outcomes, there is room for further innovation in deployment strategies and coverage areas to better protect vehicle occupants from various types of impacts.

[0006] Vehicle emissions, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2), continue to be a major environmental issue. Existing exhaust systems in both vehicles and industrial settings often release significant amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change concerns.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0007] Structural stability of buildings during seismic events is an ongoing challenge in construction and civil engineering. Traditional building designs may be susceptible to swaying and deformation during earthquakes, potentially leading to structural damage or collapse.

[0008] In the field of energy generation and storage, there is a constant search for more efficient and sustainable methods. Conventional battery technologies face limitations in energy density and charging speeds, while many renewable energy sources struggle with intermittency and storage issues.

[0009] Wireless power transmission has been a long-standing goal in electrical engineering, with the potential to revolutionize how electronic devices are powered and charged. However, implementing widespread wireless electricity networks has faced technical challenges related to efficiency, range, and safety.

[0010] As computing devices become increasingly portable, there is a demand for more flexible and compact form factors that can adapt to various usage scenarios. Traditional laptops and tablets often have fixed configurations that limit their versatility in different environments.

[0011] These technological areas present opportunities for innovation to address existing limitations and improve performance, safety, and sustainability across various industries. SUMMARY

[0012] Additional techniques and example implementations are described in the corresponding Appendix.

[0013] According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a tire tread former is provided. The tire tread former includes a heating element and a tread forming element configured to compress the edges and width of a tire after heating. The machine may have replaceable forming elements for different treads. The machine may be configured to form treads for different size tires, accommodating different width and length tires. The machine may be automated and computer controlled. The heating element may be electric. The tread forming element may be compressed actuated by hydraulics, pneumatics, or other mechanical methods.

[0014] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the tire tread former may includeone or more of the following features. The machine may have different forming elements within the machine that are used depending on the tread selection. The forming elements may beAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 manually replaced. The machine may take less than 30 minutes to reform each tire. The machine may be operated by a driver or a mechanic. The machine may have a display which the driver or mechanic may operate to make selections on the tread forming. The machine may analyze the tires for forming to determine size of the tire and where to form the treads.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a wheel turning system isprovided. The wheel turning system includes a steering wheel configured to control front wheels and back wheels of a vehicle, where the front wheels turn in the direction of the steering wheel turn and the back wheels turn in the opposite direction of the steering wheel turn. The back wheels may turn with less of a degree than the front wheels. Different turn amounts of the steering wheel may have different turning degrees of the front wheels and back wheels.

[0016] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the wheel turning system may include one or more of the following features. The turning of the back wheels may be selective to only turn for certain driving conditions. The back wheels may turn actuated by a certain acceleration measurement of the steering wheel. The system may also be for 4 wheel drive cars, where when the vehicle turns the wheels on the opposite side of the turning direction may spin more quickly than the wheels on the turning direction side. The wheel accelerator system may be actuated by an acceleration measurement of the steering wheel. The wheel accelerator system may be selective only for certain driving conditions. The wheel turning system and wheel accelerator system may work simultaneously to improve the turning capabilities of the vehicle. The systems may be computer controlled. For autonomous vehicles the systems may be actuated by sensor measurements instead of by the acceleration of the steering wheel.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a wheel with an air pump is provided. The wheel includes an electric air pump on the exterior rim of the wheel within the tire with an air conduit to the exterior of the wheel to pump air into the tire. A sensor measures the air pressure within the tire and sends tire air pressure data to a computer which controls the air pump for that tire, automatically filling the tire with air.

[0018] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the wheel with an air pump may include one or more of the following features. The air conduit may be a valve that lets air in but not out. The valve may be located on the width of the rim of the wheel, or within the side walls of the tire.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0019] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, head airbags for vehicles are provided. The head airbags are positioned in the interior roof of the vehicle or interior sides of the vehicle and configured to surround the head of the driver and passengers when the vehicle is in a collision.

[0020] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the head airbags may include oneor more of the following features. The head airbags may have 4 sides or be circular with a top airbag portion along the interior roof of the vehicle and an opening at the bottom for the person's head. Head airbags from the interior sides of the vehicle may deploy upwards over the driver's head then move downwards to surround the driver's head, or may deploy to curve around the driver's head reconnecting with the interior side of the vehicle, or may be in two parts that each curve around the driver's head. The head airbag may also be in the seat or head rest of the seats. The head airbags may be deployed when sensors on the vehicle detect a collision.

[0021] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, seat airbags for vehicles are provided. The seat airbags are within the seats of the vehicle and configured to surround the person's body when the vehicle is in a collision.

[0022] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the seat airbags may include one or more of the following features. The seat airbags may be in two portions on near the edges of the seats and overlap in the center over the person's body when deployed. The seat airbags may be a single portion and surround the person's body starting from one side of the seat and going to the other side of the seat. The seat airbags may be deployed when sensors on the vehicle detect a collision.

[0023] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, vehicle protectors are provided. The vehicle protectors include a hood of the engine of the vehicle configured to move rapidly over the windshield of the vehicle when the vehicle is in a collision to prevent debris from entering the cabin of the vehicle through the windshield. Metal shielding stored in the doors of the vehicle is configured to raise rapidly to cover the windows of the vehicle when the vehicle is in a collision to prevent debris from entering the cabin of the vehicle through the windows. The top of the trunk of the vehicle is configured to move rapidly to cover the rear glass of theAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 vehicle when the vehicle is in a collision to prevent debris from entering the cabin of the vehicle through the rear glass.

[0024] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the vehicle protectors may include one or more of the following features. All the systems may work simultaneously to protect the driver and passengers of the vehicle. The systems may deploy the shielding elements when sensors on the vehicle detect a collision of the vehicle. The systems may be pneumatically actuated, hydraulically actuated, or actuated by another mechanical method. The systems may be computer controlled.

[0025] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an automatic horn system for vehicles is provided. The automatic horn system includes a vision system or other system on the vehicle configured to identify approaching vehicles and honk the vehicle's horn automatically to alert the approaching drivers when the system detects an impending collision.

[0026] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the automatic horn system may be computer controlled.

[0027] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a vehicle CO2 mister and airfiltration system is provided. The system includes a sprayer in the exhaust system of the vehicle configured to mist a very small amount of water or another biodegradable chemical into the exhaust fumes of the vehicle, collecting the CO2 gas in the mist. The mist with CO2 exits the exhaust system as droplets and the fumes exit without CO2 gas.

[0028] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the vehicle CO2 mister and air filtration system may include one or more of the following features. The liquid may be recycled by the system with the exhaust system collecting the liquid after dispersion. The liquid may be filtered by a filtration system to remove CO2 particles from the liquid, then the filtered liquid may be reused for further CO2 collection. The filter may be a charcoal filter or other filter. The filter may be replaced after a time, or may be cleaned and reused. The tank for the fluid may have a conduit that is next to the fuel conduit, where the fuel port may also fill the mister liquid tank. There may be a selection button to select the filling location (fuel tank or mister tank) at the fuel port. The exhaust CO2 filter may be installed on existing vehicles as an aftermarket product or may be designed and manufactured for new vehicles. The exhaust CO2 filter may be installed over the exhaust, inserting filter systems into the exhaust and securing the filtrationAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 systems within the exhaust. Liquid conduits may attach to the inserted exhaust filtration system, through holes that are drilled into the exhaust pipe along the length of the exhaust pipe, where the liquid conduits may connect to the misters within the exhaust pipe at the holes and also connect to the liquid tank. There may be various numbers of misters within the exhaust system. The misters may be located on various sides of the exhaust pipe, and the fluid collection system may be opposite of the misters. The fluid collection system may be a vacuum and may be electric. The air from the exhaust may alternatively be vacuumed and filtered without fluid misters or with fluid misters, where the air may be vacuumed then sent through conduits through an air filtration system to remove the CO2, then the filtered air is released without CO2 or reduced CO2. The mister filter system and / or air filtration system may be located closer to the engine or within the engine and not in the exhaust system. The vacuum for the mist and / or air may be powered by the vehicle's battery. There may be a tank for the liquid, and electric pumps may pump the liquid to the mister. The pumps may be powered by the vehicle's battery. The mister may be electric and powered by the vehicle's battery. The exhaust system and liquid may be heated to best extract the CO2 gas. The heaters may be powered by the vehicle's battery. The exhaust system may have a sensor to measure the CO2 gas amount within the exhaust fumes and change the quantity of mist released depending on the measurement. The system may be computer controlled. There may be a conduit to the liquid tank and the tank may be refillable from the exterior of the vehicle. The liquid for the misters may be various types of liquid. The mist may ideally be a very fine mist. Various volumes of fluid may be sprayed by the misters.

[0029] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a coal plant CO2 mister and air filtration system is provided. The system includes smoke stacks configured to funnel the coal smoke up then downwards and misters configured to spray water or another biodegradable chemical into the smoke within the downwards portion of the smoke stack so that the CO2 gas collects in the mist and exits the smoke stack as droplets with the air exiting without CO2 gas.

[0030] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the coal plant CO2 mister and air filtration system may include one or more of the following features. The misters may alternatively be along the vertical length of the smoke stack, and the smoke stack may not be shaped downwards. The liquid may be collected by a vacuum after collecting the CO2 then reused, or filtered then reused, or reused then after time discarded. The system may additionallyAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 or alternatively have an air filtration system that vacuums the smoke and sends the smoke through an air filtration system to remove the CO2, then the filtered air is released. When along the vertical length of the smoke stack, the mist may be sprayed over a membrane that is permeable to air (e.g. smoke) but impermeable to liquid, so that the smoke may move through the membrane and the mist is sprayed onto the smoke over the membrane then is collected by the membrane and the fluid may be reused, filtered and reused, or discarded. The liquid sprayed into the smoke may be heated and the smoke stack may be heated at the area of the misters to best extract the CO2 gas. There may be a refillable tank for the liquid and an electric pump to pump the liquid to the misters. The misters may be electric. The system may be computer controlled. Various liquids may be used for the misters. The mist may ideally be very fine. The system may be installed on existing smoke stacks for coal plants, and / or installed for new coal plants.

[0031] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a magnetic chassis for vehicles is provided. The magnetic chassis includes a magnetic interior core of the chassis, where the interior core of the chassis is an attractive magnet to the metal surrounding it, attracting on all sides or other configuration so that the chassis is more rigid and may deform less in a collision.

[0032] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the magnetic chassis may include one or more of the following features. The magnet may be an electromagnet and the electromagnet may be off during normal driving, then when sensors on the vehicle detect a collision of the vehicle the electromagnet rapidly turns on to fortify the chassis. Other metal on the vehicle may have a similar system. The magnets may be in various patterns and geometries within the chassis and metal of the vehicle. There may also be repelling magnets surrounding the chassis elements and metal of the vehicle. The magnet may be a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. The electromagnet may be on during normal driving to improve driving performance from a more rigid chassis. The vehicle's battery may supply electricity to the electromagnet. The system may be computer controlled.

[0033] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a magnetic earthquake stabilizer for buildings is provided. The magnetic earthquake stabilizer includes magnetic fortification for the metal frame of the building, where the core of the interior of the metal for the frame of theAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 building is a permanent magnet or electromagnet, where the magnet is an attracting magnet on all sides to the surrounding metal or other configuration.

[0034] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the magnetic earthquake stabilizer may include one or more of the following features. The magnets may be in various patterns and geometries within the metal frame. The electromagnet may turn on only when sensors detect an earthquake. The magnets may also be on the exterior of the frame of the building on all sides and have a repelling force to the metal frame and / or interior magnet, pushing the metal in the opposite direction of the swaying of the building during an earthquake in intervals, calibrated by sensors. The system may be computer controlled. The system may use both fortification magnets and pushing magnets.

[0035] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a magnetic earthquake stabilizer foundation for buildings is provided. The magnetic earthquake stabilizer foundation includes very strong repelling electromagnets aligned in the foundation, where during an earthquake the building decouples from its foundation and the electromagnets turn on so that the building is suspended on the electromagnets such that the earthquake wave does not affect the building.

[0036] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the magnetic earthquake stabilizer foundation may include one or more of the following features. The electromagnets may have alignment electromagnets around the repelling magnets that attract but with weaker magnetic force than the repelling magnets to keep the building aligned with its foundation. The building may have tethering wires to secure the building to the ground when the electromagnets are on. After the earthquake, the electromagnets turn off and the building recouples with its foundation. The device would be actuated by sensors and would be computer controlled.

[0037] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, earthquake expanders for buildings are provided. The earthquake expanders include expanders connecting metal within the foundation of a building which expand and move the metal frame of the building in intervals to counteract the swaying motion of the building in an earthquake.

[0038] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the earthquake expanders may include one or more of the following features. There may be expanders on all sides of the building at the foundation and all the expanders may be aligned. The expanders may be calibrated by sensors and be computer controlled. The expanders may only work during anAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 earthquake. The expanders may be pneumatically actuated, hydraulically actuated, or actuated by other mechanical methods.

[0039] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, magnetic wire is provided. The magnetic wire includes electricity transfer wire coated on the exterior with a magnetic lining along the length of the wire to keep the electricity in the wire and prevent loss of electricity from transfer.

[0040] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the magnetic wire may include one or more of the following features. The magnetic lining may be a repelling magnet facing the direction of the wire and surround the wire. Alternatively, the magnet may be at the core of the wire along the length of the wire and be an attracting magnet. Alternatively, there may be an attracting magnet at the core of the wire and a repelling magnet around the wire along the length of the wire. The magnet may be a permanent magnet. Alternatively, the magnet(s) may be an electromagnet and may be powered by the electricity in the wire.

[0041] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an electricity density battery is provided. The electricity density battery includes repelling magnets surrounding copper in a shape where electricity enters the copper and is compressed by the magnets increasing the energy density of the electricity and creating a battery, where the magnets remain around the copper to preserve the battery, and electricity is extracted from the battery through a copper wire which is surrounded by an inverse cone magnet aligned with the other magnets which surround the copper shape.

[0042] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the electricity density battery may include one or more of the following features. Electricity also may enter the copper shape through the copper wire when filling the battery. There may be an attracting magnet at the core of the battery. The magnets may be permanent magnets or electromagnets. The copper may be in various configurations, patterns, and geometries. Other conductive materials may be used for the shape. When filling the battery with electricity the electromagnets may have a stronger magnetic force than when preserving the electricity in the battery. The inverse cone electromagnet may alter its magnetic force to change the quantity of electricity that exits the battery. The electromagnets may be computer controlled. The electricity in the battery may supply electricity to the electromagnets.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0043] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a pneumatic engine and air compressor is provided. The pneumatic engine and air compressor includes pneumatic pistons, where timed compressed air bursts move the pistons within cylinders, where the pistons may be in a similar configuration as conventional combustion engines, where the engine is connected to an electric air compressor which compresses air and sends the compressed air to the engine through conduits.

[0044] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the pneumatic engine and air compressor may include one or more of the following features. Alternatively, each cylinder may have an air compressor. There may be a tank for the compressed air and the compressed air may go from the tank to the engine and the compressed air may go from the air compressor to the tank. Alternatively, each cylinder may have a tank. The force of the compressed air bursts may be varied by the engine and the timing of the compressed air bursts may be varied to change the power output of the engine and speed of the vehicle or other device. The engine, tank, and air compressor may be computer controlled. The engine may be used for vehicles. The system may be supplied with electricity from a battery.

[0045] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a generator is provided. The generator includes an electromagnet surrounding copper, where the copper is stationary and the current of the electromagnet is sent across the electromagnet in a moving fluctuating arrangement altering the magnetic strength of the electromagnet in the moving fluctuating pattern, where because the current is moving in a pattern electrons are captured by the copper.

[0046] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the generator may include one or more of the following features. There may be permanent magnets above and / or below the electromagnet, where the field of the electromagnet may alter the field of the permanent magnets allowing the copper to capture the electrons from the permanent magnets as well. Some of the electricity generated by the device may be used to supply electricity to the electromagnet. The device may be computer controlled. Instead of an electromagnet, there may be a permanent magnet that has two magnets one perpendicular to the other, and the second magnet is in a wave shape, where the first magnet is at the end of the second magnet, where the field of the second magnet interacts with the field of the first magnet, where such allows for electrons to be captured by the copper.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0047] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, another generator is provided. The generator includes copper wire and magnetic wire arranged together in spiral configuration, where the spiral of magnetic wire and copper wire is arranged in a circle and surrounded by a repelling magnet circle to the magnet wire, where the surrounding repelling magnet circle decreases in magnetic strength around the circle such that the change of magnetic force moves the magnet wire around in a circle and allows electrons to be captured by the copper wire from the surrounding magnet as the spiral circle moves.

[0048] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the generator may include one or more of the following features. There may be many copper wire and magnet wire spirals arranged together. The copper wire and magnet wire may not be in a spiral configuration but be aligned. Instead of a decreasing magnetic strength magnet, the spiral may have repelling wedge magnets on the spiral circle with a surrounding repelling magnet circle to the faces of the wedge magnets, where the change of magnetic force on the wedge magnets spins the spiral circle, where there may not be magnet wire for this version, alternatively, the surrounding circle magnet has repelling wedge magnets facing inwards and the spiral has repelling spiral magnet wire to the wedge magnets. The magnets may be permanent magnets. The wedge magnets and wire magnets may be electromagnets. Some of the electricity generated by the device may be supplied to the electromagnets.

[0049] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, heat setting construction systems are provided. The heat setting construction systems include molds for liquid metal that are externally heated to set the liquid metal in the molds, where once set the metal remains rigid. Alternatively, the liquid metal is not heated in the molds to set, but sets from reduced temperature. Alternatively, the molds heat solid metal or granular metal within the molds to melt the metal within the molds, then the heating stops and the liquid metal in the molds sets from reduced temperature. Once set the molds are removed.

[0050] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the heat setting construction systems may include one or more of the following features. There may also be a heat setting wood fluid, where wood powder and / or pieces are mixed with a heat setting binder, where the wood fluid fills molds which are externally heated to set the wood fluid. Once set the molds are removed. Once set the wood remains rigid. Alternatively, the molds may provide the heat. TheAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 fluid could also be a mixture of wood, insulation, waterproofing materials, and a heat setting binder, where the fluid sets with heat in molds to form a structural, insulative, and waterproofing material. There may also be sections of molds and each fluid (metal, wood, waterproofing, insulation, etc) is individually poured into its respective section and heated. The layers may be individually set, then the next layer is set and bonded to the previous layer, alternatively, all the layers are set together and the molds may be in sections. The fluid may be set with a setting agent which is mixed into the fluid where the molds may mix the fluid. Alternatively, the molds may set the fluid with an ultrasonic method or ultraviolet method. The fluid(s) may be poured around pipes for plumbing, electrical wiring, and conduits for air conditioning and heating. Each may not degrade with heat.

[0051] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, angled gears are provided. The angled gears include gears configured at an angle each gear having semi circle gear teeth, where the angle of each gear may change while still turning the gears.

[0052] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the angled gears may include one or more of the following features. Two gears with quarter circle gear teeth may fit at an angle with a gear with semi circle gear teeth, where the angle of each of the two gears with quarter circle gear teeth may change.

[0053] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, circular gear teeth are provided. The circular gear teeth include gears having circular gear teeth with cone shapes between the circles, where the cone base is connected to the circle and the point of each cone connects.

[0054] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the circular gear teeth may include one or more of the following features. The cones may also curve inwards around the cone. Such may allow for two gears to have various connection angles close to 360 degrees. The gears may change their angle while turning.

[0055] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, foldable laptops and tablets areprovided. The foldable laptops and tablets are foldable in 4 or more sections horizontally and vertically so that they can fit in a user's pocket. When unfolded they may be used.

[0056] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the foldable laptops and tablets mayinclude one or more of the following features. The computing components in each of the sections of the device may be connected through the fold. The top external fold of the laptop orAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 tablet may be a smartphone or smartphone interface, where the user can use the smartphone without unfolding the device. The smartphone may use the computing components of the device that are used for the laptop or tablet. Each of the folds may have a hinge.

[0057] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a wireless electricity network is provided. The wireless electricity network includes electronic devices configured to connect to a wireless electricity network similar to a Wi-Fi network, where the device detects an available network and the device connects to the wireless electricity network, where the device has a battery and the wireless electricity network charges the device's battery and / or powers the device.

[0058] to other aspects of the present disclosure, the wireless electricity network may include one or more of the following features. There may be local wireless electricity transmitters at different locations that each have a network. The networks of the wireless electricity transmitters may overlap at the edge of the network. Connecting to a wireless electricity transmitter may allow the device to automatically connect to other wireless electricity transmitters by that carrier when in the locations of the other wireless electricity transmitters. Various wireless electricity transmission systems may be used.

[0059] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, gas cylinders for generating electricity are provided. The gas cylinders include a tall airtight cylinder with helium or other lighter than air gas inserted at the bottom of the cylinder within the cylinder, where the gas may rise in the cylinder, and there may be a turbine fan(s) spaced apart on a rod within the cylinder, where the rod may connect the turbine fan(s) and the rod may be located through the center of the cylinder from top to bottom, where the turbine fan(s) may span the approximate width of the cylinder. As the gas rises, the turbine fan(s) may spin from the movement of the rising gas within the cylinder. The turbine fan(s) may spin the rod, and the rod may be connected to a generator to spin the generator from the spinning rod.

[0060] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the gas cylinders may include one or more of the following features. There may be a gas collection device at the top of the cylinder, and hose(s) that run along the exterior of the cylinder from the top of the cylinder to the bottom of the cylinder, where the gas may be pumped by a pump(s) from the gas collection device at the top of the cylinder through the hose(s) and the gas may be reinserted within theAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 cylinder at the bottom of the cylinder from the hose(s) in a continuous cycle. Alternatively, the gas may be released from the top of the cylinder and new gas may be pumped into the cylinder at the bottom. Some of the electricity produced by the generator may be used to power the pump(s), where the excess electricity may be used for various purposes, such as to supply electricity to the utility grid. The device may have a battery to power the pump(s) during a start- up period of the device, where some of the electricity produced by the generator may be used to charge the battery. The turbine fan blades may be angled and / or curved. There may be 2-5,000 turbine fan blades on each turbine fan. The cylinder may be 0.05-5,000 feet tall and the cylinder may be 0.05-5,000 feet wide. There may be 1-100,000 turbine fan(s) on the rod. The device may be controlled by a computer and software. The gas collection device may be powered by the battery during the start-up period of the device and the gas collection device may be powered by the generator after the start-up period of the device. The gas may be inserted through hose(s) with holes or valves in them along the bottom of the cylinder within the interior of cylinder, where the hose(s) may run across the bottom of the cylinder next to each other, or the hose(s) may be arranged into a circle or other shapes. There may be multiple rods (e.g.2- 1,000) spaced apart from each other within the interior of the cylinder arranged in a shape (e.g. circle, etc) or randomly arranged in relation to each other each with turbine fan(s) along the length of each rod where the turbine fan(s) may be spaced apart along the length of each rod equidistantly, where each rod may be connected to a generator, and each rod may spin from the spinning of the turbine fan(s) on each rod from the movement of the rising gas within the cylinder.

[0061] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a metal particle movement magnet for generating electricity is provided. The metal particle movement magnet includes a magnet spaced above the ground, and below the magnet there is a metal particle releasing system which may be the same width and length as the magnet, where there may be holes spaced apart through the metal particle releasing system where the holes may open and close mechanically, where metal particles may be inserted through the holes of the metal particle releasing system and the metal particles may be attracted upwards to the magnet above, where there may be a turbine fan(s) or blades on a rod through the center of the magnet from the magnet to theAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 ground, where the turbine fan(s) may spin from the rising movement of the metal particles and movement of the air from the rising metal particles through the turbine fan(s).

[0062] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the metal particle movement magnet may include one or more of the following features. There may be a metal particle collection device which may remove the metal particles from the magnet continuously or in phases, where the metal particle collection device may remove the metal particles to one side of the magnet then drop the metal particles to the ground where the metal particles may be reinserted into the metal particle releasing system, where the process may repeat. The rod may be attached to a generator to spin the generator from the spinning of the turbine fan(s) on the rod. Some of the electricity produced by the generator may be used to power the metal particle collection system and the metal particle releasing system, where the excess electricity may be used for various purposes, such as to supply electricity to the utility grid. The device may have a battery to supply electricity to the metal particle collection device and metal particle releasing system during a start up period of the device, where some of the electricity produced by the generator may be used to supply electricity to the battery. The device may be controlled by a computer and software. The turbine fan(s) blades may be angled and / or curved. The turbine fan(s) may have 2-1,000 turbine fan blades on each turbine fan. There may be 1-100,000 turbine fan(s) spaced apart on the rod connected to the rod where the turbine fans may be spaced apart equidistantly. The magnet above may be an electromagnet and the electromagnet may be powered by the battery during the start up period of the device, and the electromagnet may be powered by the generator after the start up period of the device. The device may be 0.0001- 5,000 feet tall and the device may be 0.0001-5,000 feet wide. There may be multiple rods (e.g. 2-3,000) extending to the ground from the magnet above where each rod may have turbine fan(s) and the rods may each be connected to a generator, where the rods may be arranged in a shape or randomly arranged in relation to each other. The metal particles may be magnet particles of the attracting polarity to the magnet above. The metal particles or magnet particles may be very small between 0.0001-20 mm. There may be many metal particles used for the device. When the metal particles are magnet particles there may be a magnet of the repelling polarity to the magnet particles on the ground facing upwards, with corresponding holes in the repelling magnet to the particle releasing system. The repelling magnet may be a permanentAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 magnet or an electromagnet. When the repelling magnet is an electromagnet, the battery may supply electricity to it during the start up period of the device, and the generator may supply electricity to the repelling electromagnet after the start up period of the device. There may be a grid magnet(s), which may be a permanent magnet(s) or electromagnet(s) between the top magnet above and the ground, where the grid magnet(s) may be facing the ground attracting the metal particles or magnet particles. There may be multiple grid magnet levels (e.g.2-5,000) between the top magnet above and the ground and the grid magnets may all be the same magnetic polarity facing the ground. The grid magnet(s) may have holes through the grid magnet(s) allowing the metal particles to pass through them. The grid magnet(s) may have a layer on the upwards facing side of the grid magnet to prevent the opposite polarity side of the magnet from attracting the metal particles or magnet particles to the upwards facing side. When the grid magnet(s) are electromagnets the battery may supply electricity to the grid electromagnet(s) during the start up period of the device, and the generator may supply electricity to the grid electromagnet(s) after the start up period of the device. The grid magnet(s) may be spaced apart between the top magnet above and the ground equidistantly from each other. There may be grid a magnet collection device(s) on each grid magnet which may move the metal particles or magnet particles off each grid magnet, pushing the metal particles or magnet particles to one side of each grid magnet portion, allowing the metal particles or magnet particles to pass through the holes of each grid magnet and be attracted to the next grid magnet above or to the top magnet above. The grid magnet collection device(s) may be powered by the battery during the start up period of the device, and the grid magnet collection device(s) may be powered by the generator after the start up period of the device. When the grid magnet is an electromagnet, the grid electromagnet(s) may turn off after attracting the metal particles or magnet particles to allow the metal particles or magnet particles to pass through the holes of the grid electromagnet(s), allowing the metal particles or magnet particles to be attracted to the next grid electromagnet above or top magnet above, where the grid electromagnets may shut off in series from bottom to top, and after the metal particles or magnet particles pass through each grid electromagnet each grid electromagnet may turn on again. When the grid magnet(s) is an electromagnet(s), the grid magnet collection device(s) may not be needed.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0063] This summary provides an overview of the diverse range of concepts described in the disclosure, spanning automotive, construction, energy, computing, earthquake mitigation, and pollution reduction. The various aspects work to address challenges in safety, efficiency, sustainability, and technological advancement across multiple industries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] FIG.1 illustrates a tire tread former system.

[0065] FIG.2 depicts a wheel turning system and wheel accelerator for a vehicle.

[0066] FIG.3 illustrates a system diagram of a wheel with an air.

[0067] FIG.4 depicts a side orthogonal view of a head airbag system in a vehicle.

[0068] FIG.5 depicts a side view of a seat airbag system for a vehicle.

[0069] FIG. 6 illustrates an orthogonal view of a vehicle protection system.

[0070] FIG.7 illustrates a block diagram of an automatic horn system for a vehicle.

[0071] FIG.8 depicts a vehicle CO2 mister system.

[0072] FIG. 9 illustrates a CO2 misting system for a coal plant.

[0073] FIG.10 illustrates a magnetic chassis system for a vehicle.

[0074] FIG.11 depicts a magnetic earthquake stabilizer system for a building.

[0075] FIG.12 depicts a block diagram of a magnetic earthquake stabilizer foundation system.

[0076] FIG.13 depicts a system diagram of an earthquake stabilization system for a building.

[0077] FIG.14 depicts a cross-sectional view of a magnetic wire configuration for electricity transfer.

[0078] FIG.15 illustrates a perspective view of an electricity density battery device.

[0079] FIG.16 illustrates a pneumatic engine and air compressor system.

[0080] FIG.17 illustrates a generator circuit with a copper wire and permanent magnet.

[0081] FIG. 18 depicts a generator system with electromagnets and copper components.

[0082] FIG.19 depicts a heat setting construction system.

[0083] FIG.20 illustrates a perspective view of an angled gear system.

[0084] FIG. 21 depicts an orthogonal view of a gear system with circular gear teeth.

[0085] FIG.22 depicts a schematic view of a foldable laptop or tablet device.

[0086] FIG.23 illustrates a wireless electricity network for powering electronic devices.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0087] FIG.24 depicts a perspective view of a gas cylinder device with a turbine fan system.

[0088] FIG. 25 depicts a metal particle movement magnet system.

[0089] Like reference numbers and designations in the various drawings indicate like elements. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0090] Referring to Fig.1, a tire tread former system 100 may be used to reform treads on worn tires. The system 100 includes a heating element 102 and a tread forming element 104. In some cases, the heating element 102 melts the edge and width of rubber portions of a tire 106. The tread forming element 104 may then compress, by a compressor 110, the melted rubber to form new treads in the tire 106. The compressor 110 applies pressure directed radially inward from the outside edges of the tire 106 to press the melted rubber into the worn treads of the tire 106.

[0091] The system may accommodate different tread patterns. In some cases, the tread formingelement 104 is replaceable to allow for forming various tread designs. Alternatively, the system contains multiple tread forming elements that can be selected based on the desired tread pattern. Based on the tread pattern of the tire 106, the system 100 can determine an appropriate tread forming element 104 to match the tread pattern.

[0092] A computer 108 may control the operation of the tire tread former system 100. The computer 108 may analyze the tire 106 to determine its size and where to form the new treads. In some cases, the system 100 includes a display that allows an operator to make selections regarding the tread forming process. In some implementations, the display is projected onto a screen communicatively coupled to the computer 108.

[0093] The tire tread former system 100 may include a tire extension attachment (not illustrated in Fig.1, but can be aligned with the circumference of the tire 106), to attach additional tire material with treads to the tire 106. In some cases, the tire extension (e.g., extra material to be added to the outer surface of the tire 106) is substantially rigid and may not have a support structure in its interior. The tire extension may be circular and match the shape of the tire. The tire extension may be attached to the tire 106 by melting the outer face of the tire 106 and inner face of the tire extension and compressing both together to bond via the compressor 110, or just the outer face of the tire 106 or inner face of the tire extension may be melted and compressed with the outer face of the tire 106 to bond. Alternatively, an adhesive (e.g., glue) may be appliedAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 to the outer face of the tire 106 and / or the inner face of the tire extension, where both may be compressed together to bond the adhesive.

[0094] Multiple layers of tire extensions may be included that extend outward from the outer surface of the tire 106. Each tire extension layer may be approximately the width of the tire 106 (e.g., along a direction parallel to the axis of rotation, at a distance from the axis approximately equal to the radius of the tire 106). The multiple tire extensions may be attached to the worn tire in series, one after the other. In some cases, each tire extension has an independent support structure. Alternatively, the tire extensions share a common support structure, or the tire extension may not have a support structure.

[0095] The tire extension may be made of rubber. In some cases, the tire extension has a metal or other rigid lining material along its back face to help preserve the shape of the tire 106. The outer face of the tire extension may include treads to provide traction with the road surface.

[0096] The tire tread former system 100 may allow for reforming or adding treads on the tire 106 rather than replacing the tire 106 on a vehicle with a new tire. This capability may provide cost savings for drivers by extending the usable life of tires.

[0097] Fig.2 illustrates circumstances in which a wheel turning system 200 is implemented in a vehicle 202 to enhance turning capabilities and improve maneuverability of the vehicle 202. The wheel turning system 200 includes a wheel accelerator. The system 200 may control front wheels 204 and back wheels 206 of the vehicle 202 in response to an input from a steering wheel 208.

[0098] In some cases, when the steering wheel 208 is turned, e.g., in a direction 210, the front wheels 204 turn in a direction 212 with a vector component aligned with the direction 210. Simultaneously, the back wheels 206 turn in a direction 214 with a vector component aligned opposite to the direction 210. This opposing wheel movement may allow for tighter turning radii and improved cornering ability.

[0099] The degree of turn for the back wheels 206 (e.g., an angle associated with the direction 214) may be less than that of the front wheels 204 (e.g., an angle associated with the direction 212). In other words, an absolute value of an angle between the vector along direction 212 and a normal vector along direction 210 may be less than an absolute value of an angle between the vector along direction 214 and the normal vector along direction 210. In some implementations,Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 different turn amounts of the steering wheel 208 correspond to different turning degrees for both the front wheels 204 and back wheels 206. This variable turning response may provide more precise control across different driving scenarios.

[0100] The turning of the back wheels 206 may be selectively activated based on certain driving conditions. For example, the system 200 may engage back wheels 206 turning only at lower speeds or during parking maneuvers. In some cases, the back wheels 206 turning is actuated by detecting a certain acceleration measurement (e.g., by an output of an accelerometer integrated into a computer on the vehicle 202) or amount of turn of the steering wheel 208. This selective activation may optimize performance of the system 200 for specific situations while maintaining conventional handling in others.

[0101] For vehicles with four-wheel drive capabilities, the wheel accelerator aspect of the system 200 may be implemented. When the vehicle 202 turns, the wheels on the opposite side of the turning direction may spin more quickly than the wheels on the turning direction side. This differential wheel speed may further enhance turning ability of the vehicle 202.

[0102] The wheel accelerator function may also be selectively activated based on drivingconditions or steering wheel 208 acceleration or turn measurements. In some implementations, both the wheel turning system 200 and wheel accelerator may operate simultaneously to provide comprehensive turning enhancement.

[0103] The system 200 may be computer-controlled, e.g., by a computer installed on the vehicle 202, allowing for precise coordination of wheel movements and speeds. For autonomous vehicles, the system 200 may be actuated by sensor measurements instead of steering wheel 208 input, enabling the vehicle 202 to optimize its turning performance based on environmental data.

[0104] In some cases, the wheel turning system 200 and wheel accelerator may be utilized for vehicle accident avoidance. The enhanced maneuverability provided by the system 200 may allow the vehicle 202 to execute more agile evasive maneuvers when detecting potential collision scenarios.

[0105] The combination of front wheels 204 and back wheels 206 turning control, along withdifferential wheel acceleration (e.g., providing acceleration inputs to one of the two front wheels 204 and / or one of the two back wheels 206), may provide the vehicle 202 with improvedAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 handling characteristics across a range of driving conditions. This system 200 may enhance overall vehicle safety and performance by offering more responsive and precise turning capabilities.

[0106] Referring to Fig.3, a system 300 that includes a vehicle 302 with one or more wheels, e.g., wheel 304, with integrated air pumps, e.g., integrated air pump 306, in the wheels to automatically maintain proper tire pressure. As an example, the present description relates to the wheel 304. However, the vehicle 302 can include more than one wheel, in which one or more of the wheels includes an integrated air pump with associated functionality.

[0107] The wheel 304 on the vehicle 302 includes an electric air pump 306 mounted on an exterior rim 308 of the wheel 304 within a tire 310. The electric air pump 306 can also be mounted in other locations. The air pump 306 is connected to an air conduit 312 that extends to the exterior of the wheel 304, allowing air to be pumped into the tire 310. In some implementations, the air conduit 312 is a tube, channel, or any close passage that is operable to direct air from the air pump 306 to the tire 310.

[0108] A sensor 314 is positioned within the tire 310 to measure the air pressure. The sensor314 may send tire air pressure data to a computer 316 which controls the air pump 306 for the tire 310. In some implementations, the computer 316 is communicatively coupled via a wired or wireless communication channel with one or more air pumps for one or more wheels of the vehicle 302 (e.g., the air pump 306 of the wheel 304). Similarly, in some implementations, the computer 316 is communicative coupled via a wired or wireless communication channel with one or more sensors for one or more wheels of the vehicle 302 (e.g., the sensor 314 of the wheel 304). Based on pressure readings received from the sensor 314 at the computer 316, the computer 316 may activate the air pump 306 to automatically fill the tire 310 with air when needed. For example, if the computer 316 determines that the pressure reading received from the sensor 314 is below a particular threshold, the compute 316 can transmit a signal to the air pump 306, initiating air to be pumped into the tire 310 until the threshold is met.

[0109] The air conduit 312 may include a valve that allows air to flow into the tire 310 but prevents air from flowing out. In some implementations, the valve is located on the width of the rim 308 of the wheel 304. Alternatively, the valve is positioned within the side walls of the tire 310.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0110] This automated tire inflation system helps maintain optimal tire pressure without requiring manual intervention from the driver. By keeping tires properly inflated at all times, the system may contribute to safer driving conditions. Proper tire inflation can improve vehicle handling, increase fuel efficiency, and extend the life of the tires.

[0111] The integration of the air pump 306 within the wheel 304 itself allows for a compactdesign that does not interfere with the normal operation of the wheel 304 and tire 310. The electric air pump 306 may be powered by an electrical system of the vehicle 302.

[0112] In some cases, the computer 316 controlling the air pump 306 is connected to an onboard diagnostics system of the vehicle 302. In some implementations, the on board diagnostics system displays tire pressure information on a display to be viewed by the driver of the vehicle 302 and may enable alerts if any tire (e.g., the tire 310) requires attention (e.g., requires more air in order to operate effectively).

[0113] The automated nature of this system 300 may reduce the need for drivers to manually check and adjust tire pressure. This may be particularly beneficial for drivers who may not regularly monitor their tire pressure or for vehicles that frequently encounter varying road and temperature conditions that can affect tire pressure.

[0114] Referring to Fig.4, a system 400 includes a head airbag 402 implemented in a vehicle 404 to provide enhanced protection for an occupant 406 during a collision. In some implementations, an airbag is available to more than one occupant of the vehicle 404. For ease of description, the system 400 includes the head airbag 402 for the occupant 406, but similar airbags can be implemented for other occupants of the vehicle 404 as well. The head airbag 402 surrounds and protects the head of the occupant 406 when deployed. In some implementations, the head airbag 402 includes multiple airbags that are implemented independently or implemented as a connected airbag unit.

[0115] In some cases, as illustrated, the head airbag 402 is positioned in an interior roof 408 ofthe vehicle 404. Alternatively, the head airbag 402 is located in an interior side of the vehicle 404. The positioning of the head airbag 402 may allow for rapid deployment to create a protective barrier around the head of the occupant 406 during impact events.

[0116] The head airbag 402 may have various configurations to effectively protect the occupant 406. In some implementations, the head airbag 402 has four sides to create a protectiveAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 enclosure around the head. Alternatively, the head airbag 402 is circular in shape with a top airbag portion along the interior roof 408 of the vehicle 404 and an opening at the bottom for the head of the occupant 406.

[0117] If the head airbag 402 is positioned on the interior sides of the vehicle 404, different deployment mechanisms may be utilized. In some cases, the head airbag 402 deploys upwards over the head of the occupant 406 and then move downwards to surround the head. Another configuration involves the head airbag 402 deploying to curve around the head of the occupant 406 and reconnecting with the interior side of the vehicle 404. Some implementations may use a two-part design where each part curves around the head of the occupant 406 from opposite sides.

[0118] In addition to or instead of roof and side-mounted configurations, the head airbag 402 may be integrated into a seats 410 or a headrest 412 of the vehicle 404. This positioning may allow for more localized protection and faster deployment times.

[0119] The head airbag system 400 may utilize similar technology and materials as current vehicle airbags. This may include rapid inflation mechanisms and durable, flexible fabrics designed to withstand the forces involved in airbag deployment and impact absorption.

[0120] Deployment of the head airbag 402 may be triggered by sensors 414 on the vehicle 404 that detect a collision. The sensors 414 may be part of the vehicle's broader safety system, allowing for coordinated deployment of multiple safety features during an accident (e.g., automatic braking, automating steering, etc.).

[0121] By providing a protective barrier around the head of the occupant 406, the head airbag 402 helps reduce a risk of head injury during a collision. The surrounding design (e.g., the head airbag 402 surrounds, in various configurations, the head of the occupant 406) of the airbag 402 may offer protection from multiple angles, mitigating the effects of side impacts, rollovers, and other complex collision scenarios.

[0122] The integration of the head airbag 402 into vehicle safety systems of the vehicle 404 may complement existing airbag configurations, such as front and side airbags, to provide more comprehensive occupant protection. This multi-layered approach to vehicle safety may contribute to improved outcomes in various types of collision events.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0123] Referring to Fig.5, a vehicle system 500 includes a seat airbag 502 implemented in a vehicle 504 to provide additional protection for an occupant 506 during collisions. The airbag 502 are integrated within a seat 508 of the vehicle 504 and designed to surround the occupant's body when deployed.

[0124] In some cases, the seat airbag 502 is configured as two separate portions positioned nearedges of the seat 508. When activated (e.g., the airbag 502 is deployed, as during a collision), the two separate portions may overlap in a center over the occupant's body or torso, creating a protective enclosure. Alternatively, the seat airbag 502 is designed as a single portion that surrounds the occupant's body or torso, extending from one side of the seat 508 to the other.

[0125] The seat airbag 502 may utilize similar materials and inflation technology as current vehicle airbags. This may include rapid deployment mechanisms and durable, flexible fabrics capable of withstanding the forces involved in airbag activation and impact absorption.

[0126] Deployment of the seat airbag 502 may be triggered by sensors 510 on the vehicle 504 that detect a collision. The sensors 510 may be part of a broader safety system of the vehicle 504, allowing for coordinated activation of multiple safety features during an accident (e.g., automated braking and / or steering).

[0127] In some implementations, the seat airbag 502 operates in conjunction with other airbag systems in the vehicle 504, such as front, side, or head airbags. This multi-layered approach to occupant protection may provide more comprehensive coverage during various types of collision scenarios.

[0128] The integration of the airbag 502 within the seat structure may allow for faster deployment times compared to some externally mounted airbag systems. Additionally, the close proximity to the occupant 506 helps ensure more consistent positioning of the airbag 502 relative to the body of the occupant 506 during deployment.

[0129] The airbag 502 may be designed to accommodate different seat configurations andadjustments. In some cases, the vehicle system 500 may adapt a deployment of the airbag 502 based on the position of the seat 508 or the size of the occupant 506. For example, based on parameters of the seat 508 and / or the occupant 506, the system 500 can deploy the airbag 502 in one or multiple different configurations, as described in the present disclosure.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0130] The seat airbag 502 may contribute to improved occupant safety by providing an additional layer of protection during collisions. By surrounding the occupant's body, the airbag 502 helps distribute impact forces and reduce the risk of injuries to the torso, arms, and legs.

[0131] In some implementations, the seat airbag 502 is designed with multiple chambers or sections that inflate to different pressures or at different rates, as determined by a computer 512 on the vehicle 504 that processes data related to the sensors 510, the seat 508, and the occupant 506, among other parameters. This variable inflation may allow the airbag 502 to provide optimized protection for different parts of the occupant's body.

[0132] The integration of airbag 502 within the seat 508 may also allow for more discreet safety features that do not significantly alter the appearance or comfort of the vehicle 504 interior. This may be particularly beneficial for vehicle designs where maintaining aesthetics or interior space is a priority.

[0133] Referring to Fig.6, a vehicle protection system 600 is implemented to shield a cabin area 602 of a vehicle 604 during collision events. The system 600 may include multiple protective elements designed to prevent debris from entering the cabin area 602 and other areas of the vehicle 604 through various locations (e.g., windows, windshield, etc.).

[0134] A hood 606 of the vehicle 604 is configured to move rapidly over a windshield 608 of the vehicle 604 when a collision is detected. In some implementations, the collision is detected based output data determined by a process implemented by a computer 610 that is configured to process data received from one or more sensors 612 implemented on the vehicle 604. The movable hood 606 protection creates a barrier to block debris that might otherwise enter through the windshield 608.

[0135] The vehicle protection system 600 also incorporates metal shielding 614 for windows of the vehicle 604 (e.g., a window 616). In some implementations, the metal shielding 614 is stored within doors of the vehicle 604. When activated, the metal shielding 614 may raise rapidly to cover the window 616, providing protection against debris intrusion through the window 616. In some implementations, a separate metal shielding component is activated for each window of the vehicle 604.

[0136] For rear protection of the vehicle 604, the system 600 includes a movable element associated with a trunk 618 of the vehicle 604. A top portion of the trunk 618 is configured toAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 move rapidly to cover a rear glass 620 of the vehicle 604 during a collision event. This trunk protection may prevent debris from entering the cabin area 602 through a rear window that includes the rear glass 620.

[0137] The protective elements of the system 600 (e.g., the trunk 618, the metal shielding 614, and the hood 606) may be designed to deploy simultaneously when a collision is detected. In some implementations, the sensors 612 on the vehicle 604 detects impact events and trigger the rapid deployment of the various or all of the protective components.

[0138] The deployment mechanisms for the protective elements may utilize various actuation methods. In some cases, pneumatic systems may be used to rapidly move the protective components into position. Alternatively, hydraulic actuation or other mechanical methods may be employed to deploy the shielding elements.

[0139] The vehicle protection system may be integrated with the vehicle's onboard computer610 systems. In some implementations, the deployment of the protective elements may be controlled by a central computer unit (e.g., the computer 610) that coordinates the activation of multiple safety features during collision events. For example, the computer 610 can receive sensor data from the sensors 612. Based on output data values as determined by the computer 610, the computer 610 can transmit activation signals to one or more actuators that control protective elements associated with the system 600. For example, the one or more actuators can include a trunk rear glass protector actuator 621, one or more window protector actuators 622, and a hood windshield protective actuator 624.

[0140] The protective elements may be designed to store compactly within the vehicle's body panels during normal operation. This compact storage may allow for the integration of the protection system 600 without significantly altering the vehicle's exterior appearance or aerodynamics under normal driving conditions.

[0141] In some cases, the protective elements are constructed from materials selected for theirstrength, lightweight properties, and ability to withstand impact forces. The selection of materials may balance the need for effective protection with considerations of overall vehicle weight and performance.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0142] The vehicle protection system 600 may be designed to work in conjunction with other safety features such as airbags and seat belts. The coordinated deployment of multiple safety systems may provide comprehensive protection for vehicle occupants during collision events.

[0143] In some implementations, the protective elements are designed for rapid retraction after deployment, e.g., by associated actuators like the hood windshield protector actuator 624. This feature may allow for easier egress from the vehicle 604 following a collision event, facilitating rescue operations or allowing occupants to exit the vehicle 604 more quickly if necessary.

[0144] The integration of multiple protective elements in the vehicle protection system 600 may provide a comprehensive approach to occupant safety during collisions. By creating barriers against debris intrusion through various vehicle locations, e.g., the windshield, windows, and rear window, the system 600 helps reduce the risk of injury from flying objects or shattered glass during impact events.

[0145] Referring to Fig.7, an automatic horn system 700 is implemented in a vehicle 702 to enhance safety by alerting nearby drivers of potential collision risks. The system 700 utilizes sensors, e.g., a side sensor system 704 and a rear sensor system 706, positioned on the vehicle 702 to detect approaching vehicles from a sides detection area 710 and rear detection area 712 respectively.

[0146] In some cases, the automatic horn system 700 incorporates sensor systems that include a vision system to identify approaching vehicles. The vision system may include cameras or other optical sensors mounted on the sides and rear of the vehicle 702. These sensors may continuously monitor the surrounding areas for other vehicles entering the detection zones (e.g., within the side detection area 710). In some implementations, data recorded by the vision systems are transmitted to a computer 708 disposed within the vehicle 702.

[0147] The automatic horn system 700 may be connected to the computer 708 within the vehicle 702. The computer 708 may process input from the vision system or other sensors (e.g., the rear sensor system 706) to analyze the movement and proximity of nearby vehicles. In some implementations, the computer 708 may use algorithms to predict potential collision scenarios based on the relative speeds and trajectories of the detected vehicles.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0148] When the system 700 detects an impending collision risk, it may automatically activate a horn 714 of the vehicle 702. This automated horn activation may serve to alert drivers of approaching vehicles, averting accidents by drawing attention to the hazardous situation.

[0149] The sensitivity and activation parameters of the automatic horn system 700 may be adjustable. In some cases, the system 700 is configured to activate the horn 714 only when certain threshold conditions are met, such as a minimum closing speed or proximity of the approaching vehicle. In some implementations, the computer 708 processes data received from sensor systems (e.g., the side sensor system 704, among others) to determine if the certain threshold conditions are met.

[0150] In some implementations, a side detection system is positioned along the side of the vehicle 702 to monitor the side detection area 710. A rear detection system may be mounted at the rear of the vehicle 702 to monitor the rear detection area 712.

[0151] In some implementations, the side detection system and rear detection system utilize vision technology, such as cameras or other optical sensors. These detection systems may continuously scan their respective areas and transmit data to the computer for processing.

[0152] The computer 708 may analyze input from both detection systems to identify potential collision risks. When a risk is detected, the computer 708 may send a signal to automatically activate the horn 714. This automated response may occur more quickly than a human driver could typically react, providing crucial extra seconds of warning in dangerous situations.

[0153] The automatic horn system 700 may be particularly beneficial in scenarios where the driver's attention may be divided or where visibility is limited. For example, the system 700 helps alert other drivers during lane changes, when exiting parking spaces, or in heavy traffic conditions where sudden stops are common.

[0154] In some cases, the automatic horn system 700 is integrated with other vehicle safety features. For example, the system 700 works in conjunction with blind spot monitoring or rear cross-traffic alert systems to provide both visual and audible warnings when potential hazards are detected.

[0155] The implementation of an automatic horn system 700 may contribute to overall roadsafety by providing an additional layer of collision prevention. By automatically alerting nearbyAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 drivers to potential dangers, the system 700 helps reduce the likelihood of accidents caused by driver inattention or limited visibility.

[0156] Referring to Fig.8, a vehicle CO2 mister and air filtration system 800 is implemented to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from vehicle exhaust emitted by a vehicle 801. The system 800 includes a sprayer 808 (also referred to as a mister) positioned in an exhaust system 816 of the vehicle 801. The exhaust system 816 is included in a CO2 collection filtration system 806a. The filtration system 802a is also represented as enlarged representation of the filtration system 802b for ease of description. Components of the filtration system 802a are similar to the components of the enlarged representation of the filtration system 802b. In some cases, the sprayer 808 mists a very small amount of water or another biodegradable chemical into exhaust fumes.

[0157] The misting process collects CO2 gas from the exhaust fumes via a CO2 gas entry point806 into the exhaust system 816, such that the misting process results in a mixture of the CO2 gas and contents of the mist from the sprayer 808. As a result, the mist containing CO2 may exit the exhaust system 816 as droplets 810, while remaining fumes may exit without CO2 gas or reduced CO2 gas. This process helps reduce overall carbon dioxide emissions from the vehicle 801.

[0158] In some implementations, the system 800 recycles liquid used for CO2 collection (e.g., liquid formed during the misting process through operation of the sprayer 808). The exhaust system 816 may include a collection mechanism to gather the liquid after dispersion by the sprayer 808. The filtration system 802a(b) includes one or more filters that may then remove CO2 particles from the collected liquid, allowing the filtered liquid to be reused for further CO2 collection.

[0159] The filtration system may utilize various types of filters. In some cases, a charcoal filter is employed. Alternatively, other filtering materials or methods are used. The filter may be designed to be replaceable after a certain period of use. In some implementations, the filter may be cleaned and reused multiple times.

[0160] The system 800 includes a tank 812 for storing the misting fluid. In some cases, the tank812 has a conduit 814 positioned next to a fuel conduit that provides an entry point for fuel into a fuel tank of the vehicle 801. This configuration may allow both the fuel tank and mister tankAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 812 to be filled from the same access point on the vehicle. A selection mechanism, e.g., a switch, may be included at a fuel port to allow the user to choose between filling the fuel tank or the mister tank 812.

[0161] The CO2 filtration system 802a(b) may be designed for installation on existing vehicles as an aftermarket product. For example, a vehicle that does not include components of the filtration system 802a(b) can integrate the components at a future time. Alternatively, it may be integrated into a design and manufacture of new vehicles. For aftermarket installations, the system may be fitted over the existing exhaust system, with the filtration system 802a(b) inserted into an exhaust pipe of a vehicle and secured in place.

[0162] To connect liquid conduits (e.g., a conduit that directs liquid to the tank 812) to an inserted exhaust filtration system 802a(b), holes may be drilled into an exhaust pipe of a vehicle along its length. The liquid conduits may then connect to the sprayers 808 (e.g., misters) within the exhaust pipe at these holes and also link to the liquid tank 812.

[0163] The system 800 may incorporate multiple sprayers (e.g., multiple misters) within the exhaust system 816. These sprayers may be positioned on various sides of the exhaust pipe to ensure comprehensive coverage. In some implementations, a fluid collection system is positioned opposite the sprayers.

[0164] An alternative configuration involves vacuuming exhaust air and filtering it without the sprayers. In this case, the exhaust air is vacuumed and then sent through conduits to an air filtration system designed to remove CO2. The filtered air is then released with reduced or no CO2 content.

[0165] In some cases, the filtration system 802a(b) is located close to an engine of the vehicle 801 or within the engine itself, rather than in the exhaust system. This positioning may allow for CO2 capture earlier in the emissions process.

[0166] The system 800 may be powered by the vehicle's battery. An electric pump 818 may beused to move liquid from the tank 812 to the sprayer 808. The sprayer may also be electrically powered.

[0167] To optimize CO2 extraction, the exhaust system 816 and liquid may be heated with aheater 820. The heater 820 used for this purpose may be powered by the vehicle's battery. In some implementations, the system operates without additional heating.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0168] The exhaust system 816 includes a sensor 822 to measure an amount of CO2 gas content within the exhaust fumes within the exhaust system 816. Based on measurements from the sensor 822, the system 800 may adjust a quantity of mist released by the sprayer 808 to optimize CO2 capture efficiency.

[0169] A computer 804 may control operations of various components of the system 800,managing factors such as misting quantity, filtration cycles, and heating elements. This computerized control may allow for adaptive performance based on real-time exhaust composition data.

[0170] The liquid used for misting by the sprayer 808, stored in the tank 812, and entering the tank 812 by the conduit 814, may vary depending on the specific implementation. Water may be used in some cases, while other biodegradable chemicals or chemicals may be employed in others. The fluid used for misting and / or steam may be a mixture of various chemicals. The system 800 may be designed to produce a very fine mist to maximize the surface area for CO2 capture. The system 800 may additionally or alternatively disperse a steam of the water, biodegradable chemical, or chemical into the exhaust to capture the CO2. A heating device may heat the water, biodegradable chemical, or chemical into steam then the steam may be released through conduits or valves along the length and circumference of the exhaust pipe in various positions.

[0171] After misting and / or steam collection or before, the gas or remaining gas may be filtered through an air filtration system then released or processed further. Various air filtration systems may be used, and the air filtration system may have layers of particle collecting materials. The gas may be pumped by an electric pump or fan or vacuumed from the misting and / or steam process into and through the air filtration system. The air filtration system may be separate from the exhaust system, or the filtration materials may be within the exhaust system perpendicular to the exhaust pipe and secured within the exhaust pipe.

[0172] The exhaust gas may cycle through the misting and / or steam and / or air filtration multiple times before being released. Sensors controlled by a computer may determine when the gas is sufficiently reduced of CO2 then release the remaining gas.

[0173] By integrating CO2 capture and filtration into vehicle exhaust systems, this technology may contribute to reducing the environmental impact of vehicle emissions. The ability to retrofitAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 existing vehicles or incorporate the system into new designs may provide flexibility in addressing carbon dioxide emissions across a wide range of vehicles.

[0174] Referring to Fig.9, a coal plant CO2 mister and air filtration system 900 are implemented to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from coal-fired power plants. The system 900 may include a modified smoke stack configuration designed to facilitate CO2 capture from exhaust gases.

[0175] In some cases, a smoke stack 902 is configured to direct coal smoke from burning coal 901 upwards along a first direction 904 and then downwards along a second direction 906. This redirection of exhaust flow may allow for more effective interaction between the exhaust gases and CO2 capture mechanisms.

[0176] The system 900 incorporates misters 908 positioned within a downward portion of the smoke stack 902 (e.g., positioned in a section of the system 900 in which the coal smoke travels along the second direction 906). The misters 908 may spray a misting liquid like water or another chemical into the smoke as it passes through this section. The misting process may allow the CO2 gas to be collected in the mist liquid, separating it from the remaining exhaust gases.

[0177] In some implementations, the misted liquid containing CO2 exits the smoke stack 902 as liquid droplets 910 or other form, while the remaining exhaust air is released without the captured CO2 gas. This separation helps reduce the overall carbon dioxide emissions from the system 900.

[0178] The system 900 includes a tank 912 for storing the misting liquid. A pump 914 is used to deliver the misting liquid from the tank 912 to the misters 908 within the smoke stack 902. In some cases, the misting liquid is heated by a heater device 916 before being sprayed into an exhaust stream traveling along the second direction 906 to optimize CO2 capture efficiency. The misting liquid may alternatively be a steam of the water or chemical and the steam may be used to capture CO2 from the smoke. The misting liquid may be heated into steam by the heating device 916) then released into the smoke stack 902 over or within the smoke through conduits or valves within the smoke stack 902. The conduits or valves for the steam may be along the length and / or circumference of the smoke stack in various positions, releasing the steam at various positions within the smoke stack 902. The steam with captured CO2 may beAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 consolidated into a fluid by cooling the mixture and collected in liquid form, e.g., the droplets 910. Both steam and misting may be used together to capture CO2 from the smoke. For either misting or steam the fluid or steam may be mixed with smoke within the smoke stack 902 to facilitate capture of the CO2 from the smoke. Various mixing mechanisms may be used.

[0179] The system 900 may also incorporate an air filtration component as an alternative orcomplement to the misting process. In this configuration, the exhaust smoke is vacuumed or pumped and directed through an air filtration system designed to remove CO2. The filtered air may then be released with reduced CO2 content. After misting and / or steam collection or before, the gas or remaining gas may be filtered through an air filtration system then released or further processed. Various air filtration systems may be used, and the air filtration system may have layers of particle collecting materials. The filtration system may be designed for periodic replacement or cleaning to maintain optimal performance over time. The gas may be pumped by an electric pump or fan or vacuumed from the misting and / or steam process into and through the air filtration system. The air filtration system may be separate from the smoke stack, or the filtration materials may be within the smoke stack perpendicular to the smoke stack and secured within the smoke stack.

[0180] The system may incorporate a CO2 sensor to monitor CO2 levels in the gas. This sensor data may be used to adjust misting parameters, such as spray volume or frequency, to maintain optimal capture performance. The smoke may cycle through the misting and / or steam and / or air filtration multiple times before being released. Sensors controlled by a computer may determine when the smoke is sufficiently reduced of CO2 then release the remaining gas.

[0181] In some implementations, the captured CO2-containing liquid is collected and reused within the system. A vacuum or other collection mechanism may gather the liquid after it has interacted with the gases. The collected liquid may then be filtered to remove CO2 particles before being reused for further CO2 capture cycles.

[0182] Alternatively, the system may be designed for single-use of the misting liquid or steam. In this case, the CO2-containing liquid is collected and disposed of after a certain number of cycles or when it reaches a specific CO2 concentration threshold.

[0183] The coal plant CO2 mister may be integrated with existing smoke stack structures. In some cases, the misting apparatus is installed along the vertical length of the smoke stack (e.g.,Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 along the first direction 904 of the smoke stack 902), which can eliminate the need for a downward-oriented section. A downward section may be attached to the top of existing smoke stacks, with the misting sprayers and / or steam release conduits or valves along the length and circumference of the downward section of the smoke stack in various positions.

[0184] An alternative configuration involves spraying the mist over a membrane that ispermeable to air but impermeable to liquid. This arrangement may allow the gases to pass through the membrane while the mist collects CO2 and is then the liquid is gathered by the membrane for processing or disposal.

[0185] In some implementations, the CO2 mister, and / or steam devices, and / or air filtration system are computer-controlled. This may allow for real-time adjustments to system parameters based on exhaust composition, environmental conditions, or power plant operational status.

[0186] The captured CO2 may be handled in various ways depending on the specificimplementation and local regulations. In some cases, the CO2 is compressed and stored for later use or disposal. Alternatively, the captured CO2 is utilized in industrial processes or for enhanced oil recovery operations.

[0187] The coal plant CO2 mister, and / or steam devices, and / or air filtration system may be designed for installation on existing coal plant infrastructure or integrated into the design of new facilities. This flexibility may allow for broader adoption of CO2 reduction technologies across different types and ages of coal-fired power plants.

[0188] By implementing such CO2 capture systems, coal plants reduce their environmental impact and comply with increasingly stringent emissions regulations. The ability to retrofit existing plants with these technologies may provide a pathway for continued operation of coal- fired power generation while addressing concerns about carbon dioxide emissions.

[0189] Referring to Fig.10, a magnetic chassis system 1000 is implemented in a vehicle to enhance structural rigidity and improve safety during collisions. The system 1000 incorporates magnetic elements within a chassis structure 1002 to provide additional reinforcement.

[0190] The vehicle’s chassis structure 1002 includes a magnetic core 1004 positioned along an interior of the chassis structure 1002. This magnetic core 1004 may be configured as an attractive magnet to surrounding metal of the chassis structure 1002. The magnetic core 1004Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 may extend through multiple sections of the chassis structure 1002 to provide comprehensive reinforcement. The magnetic core 1004 may be various shapes, widths, and lengths.

[0191] The magnetic core 1004 may be designed to attract the surrounding metal of the chassis structure 1002 on multiple sides. This multi-directional magnetic attraction helps increase an overall rigidity of the chassis structure 1002. By magnetically binding components of the chassis structure 1002 together, the system 1000 reduces deformation during collision events.

[0192] In some implementations, the magnetic core 1004 is an electromagnet. The use of an electromagnet may allow for variable magnetic strength depending on driving conditions or collision detection and increased reinforcement from increased magnetic strength for improved chassis rigidity. For example, the electromagnet may be off or at a lower strength during normal driving conditions to conserve energy.

[0193] The system 1000 includes sensors 1006 to detect potential collision events. When datafrom the sensors 1006 are processed by a computer to generate an output indicative of an imminent collision, the electromagnet may be rapidly activated to its full strength. This rapid magnetic reinforcement helps fortify the chassis structure 1002 in the moments before and during impact.

[0194] In some cases, the magnetic chassis system 1000 works in conjunction with other vehicle safety systems (e.g., automatic braking). For example, the magnetic reinforcement may be coordinated with airbag deployment or other collision mitigation technologies to provide comprehensive occupant protection.

[0195] The magnetic elements of the chassis structure 1002 may be arranged in various patterns and geometries within a vehicle structure. These arrangements may be optimized based on specific vehicle design parameters and anticipated collision scenarios. In some implementations, the magnetic reinforcement may be concentrated in areas of the vehicle that are most vulnerable to deformation during impacts.

[0196] In addition to the attractive magnetic core 1004, some implementations include repelling magnets surrounding certain components of the chassis structure 1002. These repelling magnets may be positioned to create opposing forces that further enhance the structural integrity of the chassis structure 1002. The surrounding repelling magnet may alternatively be an attracting magnet to the magnetic core 1004 magnet, where both magnets attract and compress theAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 elements of the chassis structure 1002 to further reinforce the chassis elements. The surrounding magnet may be an electromagnet.

[0197] Various magnets and electromagnets may be used for the system 1000. Magnets or electromagnets with high structural integrity may be optimal to further increase the strength of the chassis structure 1002 elements.

[0198] The magnetic chassis system 1000 may be powered by the vehicle's electrical system. In some cases, a dedicated battery or capacitor may be included to ensure rapid activation of the electromagnets in emergency situations, even if the main vehicle power system is compromised.

[0199] The integration of magnetic elements into the chassis structure 1002 allows for lighter overall vehicle construction by reducing a need for chassis materials, while maintaining or improving safety standards. By relying on magnetic forces for additional reinforcement, the system 1000 may reduce the need for some traditional heavy structural components.

[0200] In some implementations, the magnetic chassis system 1000 is designed to be selectively activated based on driving conditions. For example, the system 1000 engages more strongly during high-speed driving or when navigating challenging terrain to provide enhanced vehicle stability. Such may be determined by a computer and sensors 1006.

[0201] Methods implemented by the magnetic chassis system 1000 are applicable to various types of vehicles, including passenger cars, trucks, and larger vehicles like buses or commercial transport vehicles. The specific implementation may be tailored to the size, weight, and intended use of each vehicle type.

[0202] By enhancing the structural integrity of the vehicle chassis structure 1002, the magnetic system may contribute to improved occupant safety during collision events. The additional rigidity provided by the magnetic elements helps maintain the integrity of the passenger compartment, reducing the risk of intrusion during impacts.

[0203] Referring to Fig. 11, a magnetic earthquake stabilizer system 1100 is implemented in abuilding to enhance structural stability during seismic events. The system 1100 incorporates magnetic elements within the building’s frame 1104 (e.g., a metal frame) to provide additional reinforcement and counteract swaying motions caused by earthquakes.

[0204] The building's metal frame 1104 includes a magnetic core 1102 positioned within an interior of the metal frame 1104. This magnetic core 1102 may be configured as an attractiveAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 magnet to the surrounding metal of the building’s metal frame 1104. The magnetic core 1102 may extend through multiple sections of the metal frame 1104 to provide comprehensive reinforcement throughout the structure.

[0205] The magnetic core 1102 is designed to attract the metal frame 1104 on multiple sides of the magnetic core 1102, as illustrated in Fig.11. This multi-directional magnetic attraction helps increase an overall rigidity of the building structure. By magnetically binding the metal frame 1104 components together, the system 1100 reduces swaying and deformation during seismic events.

[0206] In some implementations, the magnetic core 1102 is an electromagnet. The use of an electromagnet may allow for variable magnetic strength depending on an intensity of detected seismic activity and may provide increased magnetic reinforced from increased magnetic strength of the electromagnet. For example, the electromagnet may be off or at a lower strength during normal conditions to conserve energy.

[0207] The system 1100 includes sensors 1106 to detect seismic activity. Such sensors may be positioned at a distance from the building. When these sensors identify an earthquake (e.g., based on detection of seismic activity via pressure sensors), the electromagnet may be rapidly activated to its full strength. This rapid magnetic reinforcement helps fortify the building structure as seismic waves begin to impact the building.

[0208] In some cases, the magnetic earthquake stabilizer system 1100 works in conjunction with other building safety systems. For example, the magnetic reinforcement may be coordinated with other seismic mitigation technologies to provide comprehensive structural protection.

[0209] In some implementations, the metal frame 1104 includes Magnetic elements, which are arranged in various patterns and geometries within the building structure. These arrangements may be optimized based on the specific building design and anticipated seismic scenarios. In some implementations, the magnetic reinforcement is concentrated in areas of the building that are most vulnerable to swaying during earthquakes.

[0210] In addition to the attractive magnetic core 1102, some implementations include repellingor attracting magnets surrounding certain metal frame elements or all frame elements. The repelling magnets may be positioned to create opposing forces that further enhance theAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 structural integrity of the frame during seismic events. When the surrounding magnets are attracting magnets, they may be attracting the magnetic core, where both magnets attract to compress the frame, reinforcing the fame. The surrounding magnet may be an electromagnet.

[0211] The magnetic earthquake stabilizer system 1100 may be powered by the building’s electrical system. In some cases, a dedicated backup power source is included to ensure rapid activation of the electromagnets during earthquakes, even if the main power system is compromised.

[0212] The system 1100 includes exterior magnets 1108 on the building metal frame 1104. These exterior magnets 1108 may have a repelling force to the metal frame 1104 and / or an interior magnet (e.g., the magnetic core 1102). The exterior magnets 1108 and magnetic core may be electromagnets. During an earthquake, these repelling exterior magnets 1108 and / or the magnetic core 1102 may push the metal frame 1104 in an opposite direction of the building's sway at timed intervals. Such may be done by increasing the magnetic strength of either the magnetic core 1102 or exterior magnets 1108, then alternating, and may be done by varying the magnetic strength along the length of either the exterior magnets 1108 or magnetic core 1102. The intervals of varying magnetic strength and location of magnetic force may be calibrated by data collected by the sensors 1106 to effectively counteract the seismic motion.

[0213] The system may be computer-controlled by a computer 1110, allowing for precise coordination of magnetic forces based on real-time seismic data. The computer may analyze input from the sensors 1106 throughout the building to optimize the response of the magnetic stabilizer system 1100. The sensors 1106 are communicatively coupled to the computer 1110, either by a wired or wireless communication channel. One or more components of the system 1100 (e.g., the magnetic core 1102) are communicatively coupled to the computer 1110 and receive signals in response to data received from the sensors 1106.

[0214] In some cases, the magnetic earthquake stabilizer system 1100 is designed with multiplelayers of protection. For example, the system 1100 employs both fortification magnets to increase structural rigidity and pushing magnets to actively counteract swaying motions. This multi-layered approach may provide more comprehensive protection against various types of seismic activity.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0215] The magnetic earthquake stabilizer system 1100 is applicable to various types of buildings, including residential structures, office buildings, and larger structures like bridges or towers. The specific implementation may be tailored to the size, height, and structural characteristics of each building type.

[0216] By enhancing the structural integrity of the building metal frame 1104, the magneticearthquake stabilizer system 1100 may contribute to improved occupant safety during seismic events. The additional rigidity and active stabilization provided by the magnetic elements (e.g., the magnetic core 1102) helps maintain integrity of the building, reducing the risk of structural failure or collapse during earthquakes.

[0217] Referring to Fig.12, a magnetic earthquake stabilizer foundation system 1200 is implemented to protect a building 1202 from seismic forces during earthquakes. The system 1200 may utilize electromagnetic suspension to temporarily decouple the building 1202 from its foundation 1204 during seismic events.

[0218] The system 1200 includes very strong repelling electromagnets 1206 aligned within the’ foundation 1204 of the building 1202, where each vertical element of the foundation 1204 (e.g., a pillar of the foundation 1204 that couples the building 1202 with the ground) or other elements of the foundation may have two repelling electromagnets aligned along each vertical element of the foundation with the electromagnets facing each other and touching when not activated, where each electromagnet may be perpendicular to the vertical elements of the foundation, and where each electromagnet pair may be horizontally aligned. These electromagnets may be configured to create a repelling magnetic field between the building and its foundation when activated.

[0219] The system incorporates an earthquake sensor 1208 to detect seismic activity. The sensor 1208 is positioned at a distance from the building 1202. When an earthquake is detected, the electromagnets 1206 are activated, causing the building 1202 to decouple from its foundation 1204. The repelling magnetic forces generated by the electromagnets 1206 may suspend the building 1202 above its foundation 1204, isolating the building 1202 structure from ground movements.

[0220] The system 1200 includes alignment electromagnets 1210 positioned around the repelling electromagnets 1206. These alignment electromagnets 1210 may have a weakerAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 attractive magnetic force compared to the repelling electromagnets 1206. The alignment electromagnets 1210 help keep the building 1202 properly aligned with its foundation 1204 while suspended (e.g., during a detected earthquake event). When the repelling electromagnets 1206 activate, the alignment electromagnets 1210 may also activate. After the earthquake, both the repelling electromagnets 1206 and the alignment electromagnets 1210 may deactivate and the building 1202 may recouple with its foundation 1204. Other stabilization systems may be used to keep the alignment of the building 1202 with its foundation 1204 when the system 1200 is activated.

[0221] The repelling electromagnets 1206 have connectors that mechanically secure the repelling electromagnets 1206 together when the system 1200 is not activated. The connectors may be perpendicular to the repelling electromagnets 1206 and go through the repelling electromagnets 1206 and secure the repelling electromagnets 1206 together and to the foundation 1204 on either side of the repelling electromagnets 1206. The connectors may be controlled by a computer 1212 and associated software executed by the computer 1212. The connectors may uncouple the repelling electromagnets 1206 during an earthquake when the system 1200 is activated.

[0222] The magnetic earthquake stabilizer foundation system 1200 may, additionally or alternatively to the alignment electromagnets 1210, include tethering wires to secure the building 1202 to the ground when the electromagnets 1206, 1210 are activated. These tethering wires provide additional stability and prevent excessive lateral movement of the suspended building 1202.

[0223] In some cases, the system 1200 is designed to automatically deactivate the electromagnets 1206, 1210 after the earthquake has subsided. This deactivation allows the building 1202 to recouple with its foundation 1204, returning to its normal structural configuration.

[0224] The system 1200 may be controlled by the computer 1214 that manages the activation and deactivation of the electromagnets 1206, 1210 based on input from the earthquake sensor 1208. The computer 1214 may also monitor a position of the building 1202 (e.g., via a camera system or other position-sensitive sensors) and adjust electromagnetic fields associated with the electromagnets 1206, 1210 as needed to maintain proper alignment during suspension.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0225] In some implementations, the system 1200 includes a power backup to ensure operation even if a main power supply of the system 1200 is disrupted during an earthquake. This backup power source may be designed to provide sufficient energy to maintain electromagnetic suspension for the expected duration of seismic events. The building’s electrical system may supply electricity to the electromagnets.

[0226] The magnetic earthquake stabilizer foundation system 1200 may be customized based on specific characteristics of each building, such as its size, weight, and structural design. The strength and arrangement of the electromagnets may be tailored to provide optimal suspension and stability for different types of structures.

[0227] In some cases, the system 1200 incorporates dampening mechanisms to reduce any residual vibrations or oscillations that may occur while the building 1202 is suspended. These dampeners help ensure a smoother isolation effect during seismic events.

[0228] The magnetic earthquake stabilizer foundation system 1200 may be designed for integration into new construction projects or retrofitted to existing buildings. In retrofit applications, the system 1200 may require modifications to the existing foundation to accommodate the electromagnetic components.

[0229] By temporarily decoupling the building 1202 from its foundation 1204 during earthquakes, the magnetic earthquake stabilizer foundation system 1200 reduces transmission of seismic forces to the structure of the building 1202. This isolation effect helps protect the building 1202 and its occupants from the damaging effects of ground movements during seismic events.

[0230] Referring to Fig.13, an earthquake expander system 1300 is implemented in a building 1302 to counteract swaying motion of the building 1302 during seismic events. The system 1300 includes, for each vertical component of a foundation 1304 of the building 1302, one or more expanders 1306 connecting metal frame 1308 components within the building's foundation 1304.

[0231] In some cases, the expanders 1306 are configured to move the metal frame 1308 of the building 1302 in intervals to counteract the swaying motion of the building 1302 during an earthquake. The system 1300 incorporates expanders 1306 positioned on multiple or all sides of the building 1302 and at various locations within the area of the foundation 1304 at theAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 foundation level, with all expanders 1306 horizontally aligned. The expanders 1306 may be along vertical elements of the foundation 1304. The expanders 1306 may be structurally secured to elements of the foundation 1304. All vertical elements of the foundation 1304 may include expanders similar to the expanders 1306. Each expander 1306 includes an extending portion within the expander to expand and contract, creating movement within the element of the foundation 1304. During an earthquake, the expanders 1306 in different locations of the building 1302 either expand or contract, where when the expanders 1306 on one side of the building 1302 expand, the expanders 1306 on the other side of the building 1302 contract, where the expanding or contracting locations of the expanders 1306 are calibrated by a computer 1310 from data in response to measurements by sensors 1312 of the earthquake wave and movement of the building 1302.

[0232] The computer 1310 and sensors 1312may result in a control of the expanders 1306,which may be operational during earthquake events. The expanders 1306 may connect to the building's foundation 1304 and may be actuated through pneumatic, hydraulic, or other mechanical methods.

[0233] The system includes the earthquake sensor 1312 positioned near the foundation 1304 or at a distance from the building 1302 to detect seismic activity. The sensor 1312 communicates with the computer 1310 that controls timing and movement of the expanders 1306.

[0234] In some implementations, the building 1302 structure includes a metal frame that extends upward from the foundation 1304, with the expanders 1306 positioned to provide stabilizing force in multiple directions. The foundation 1304 includes expanders 1306 that allow for controlled movement of the building 1302 structure to offset earthquake forces.

[0235] The expanders 1306 are calibrated by sensors (e.g., the sensor 1312 in addition to other sensors utilized during a calibration procedure) to effectively counteract the seismic motion. The computer 1310 analyzes input from multiple sensors (e.g., including the sensor 1312) throughout the building 1302 to optimize the response of the expander system 1300.

[0236] In some cases, the earthquake expander system 1300 is designed with multiple layers of protection. For example, the system 1300 may employ both vertical and horizontal expanders to address different types of seismic movements.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0237] The expanders 1306 may be designed to operate in a coordinated manner, as controlled by the computer 1310, with each expander (e.g., the expanders 1306) adjusting its expansion or contraction amount based on the overall building movement detected by the sensor 1312 or from the measurement of the earthquake wave from the sensor 1312 at a distance from the building 1302. This coordinated action helps maintain the building's stability during complex seismic events.

[0238] Techniques associated with the earthquake expander system 1300 are applicable to various types of buildings, including residential structures, office buildings, and larger structures like bridges or towers. The specific implementation may be tailored to the size, height, and structural characteristics of each building type.

[0239] In some implementations, the expanders 1306 incorporate shock-absorbing materials or mechanisms to further dampen seismic forces. These elements help dissipate energy and reduce the overall impact of earthquake movements on the building 1302 structure.

[0240] The system 1300 may include safety mechanisms to prevent over-expansion or over- contraction of the expanders 1306. These safeguards help ensure that the building 1302 remains within safe structural limits even during extreme seismic events.

[0241] In some cases, the earthquake expander system 1300 is designed to work in conjunction with other seismic protection technologies, such as foundation isolation systems, as described in relation to Fig.12, or tuned mass dampers. The integration of multiple protection strategies provide more comprehensive earthquake resistance for buildings.

[0242] By actively counteracting building sway through controlled expansion and contraction, the earthquake expander system 1300 contributes to improved structural stability during seismic events. The system's 1300 ability to respond dynamically to earthquake forces helps maintain the integrity of the building 1302, reducing risk of structural damage or collapse during earthquakes.

[0243] Referring to Fig.14, a configuration of a magnetic wire 1400 is implemented to enhance electricity transfer efficiency between an electrical source and an electrical drain that are coupled by the wire 1400. The wire 1400 includes multiple components arranged in a concentric structure, as illustrated in Fig.14, to help contain electrical current within a portionAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 of a cross-section of the wire 1400 and to direct a propagation of electrical current along a length of the wire 1400.

[0244] In some cases, the magnetic wire 1400 includes a central magnetic core 1402 positioned at a center of the wire 1400 assembly. This magnetic core 1402 may be configured as an attracting magnet (e.g., it attracts metal in a vicinity of the magnetic core 1402). The magnetic core 1402 is positioned along the length of the magnetic wire 1400 and centered in an interior portion of the wire 1400. The magnet core 1402 has a diameter of 0.001% to 60% or other amounts, of a diameter of the magnetic wire 1400. Surrounding the magnetic core 1402, a copper wire 1404 or other electrical conductor is positioned to carry the electrical current along the length of the wire 1400 from the source to the drain.

[0245] An exterior of the wire 1400 assembly include a magnetic lining 1406 that extends along the length of the wire 1400. This magnetic lining 1406 may be configured as a repelling magnet (e.g., it repels metal or other repelling magnetics in a vicinity of the magnetic lining 1406). The magnetic lining 1406 surround the copper wire 1404 or electrical conductor portion of the assembly. The magnetic lining 1406 has a diameter between 0.001% and 60% or other amounts of the diameter of the magnetic wire 1400. The magnetic wire 1400 includes either the exterior magnetic lining 1406, the magnetic core 1402, or both the exterior magnetic lining 1406 and magnetic core 1402.

[0246] As illustrated in Fig.14 with a cross-sectional view of an exemplary magnetic wire configuration the magnetic core 1402 is positioned at the center of the cross-section of the magnetic wire 1400, surrounded by the copper wire 1404 or electricity-carrying portion, which is in turn encased by the magnetic exterior lining 1406.

[0247] Magnetic field directions (e.g., direction 1408) within the wire assembly may be arranged to affect the electrical current flow. In some implementations, the central magnetic core 1402 generates an attractive magnetic field, while the exterior magnetic lining 1406 may produce a repelling magnetic field. This configuration of opposing magnetic fields helps contain the electrical current within the copper wire 1404 or another conductor.

[0248] By incorporating magnetic elements into the wire 1400 structure, the magnetic wiredesign reduces electricity loss during transmission. The repelling magnetic field generated by the exterior lining 1406 and / or the attracting magnetic field generated by the magnetic coreAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 1402 helps keep the electrical current concentrated within the copper wire 1404 or other conductor, reducing or minimizing leakage or dissipation. The magnet(s) of the magnetic wire 1400 compresses electricity within the magnetic wire 1400, allowing for a higher density of electricity to be transferred within the magnetic wire 1400 and higher electricity amounts to be transferred from the source to the drain.

[0249] In some cases, the magnetic core 1402 and exterior lining 1406 are composed of permanent magnets. Alternatively, electromagnets are used to allow for adjustable magnetic field strengths. When electromagnets are used, electricity from the magnetic wire supplies electricity to the electromagnets. Various permanent magnets and electromagnets may be used for the magnetic wire 1400. The specific materials and magnetic strengths may be selected based on the intended application and desired level of electricity containment.

[0250] The magnetic wire 1400 configuration is applicable to various electricity transmissionscenarios, from small-scale electronics to larger power distribution systems. The design may be scaled and adapted to suit different voltage levels and current capacities while maintaining the core principle of using magnetic fields to enhance electricity transfer efficiency.

[0251] Referring to Fig.15, an electricity density battery 1500 is implemented to increase energy storage capacity through magnetic compression of electrical energy. The battery 1500 may utilize a combination of conductive materials and magnetic elements to achieve higher energy density storage capabilities.

[0252] In some cases, the electricity density battery 1500 includes a cube-shaped copper component 1502 positioned at the center of the battery 1500. The copper component 1502 serves as the primary storage medium for electrical energy within the battery 1500. Other conductive materials may be used instead of copper to store electricity.

[0253] Surrounding the copper component 1502, repelling magnets 1504 are arranged to compress electricity within the copper component 1502. These repelling magnets 1504 are configured to create a magnetic field that exerts pressure on the electrical charge contained within the copper component 1502, increasing energy density of the stored electricity within the copper component 1502.

[0254] An attracting magnet 1508 is positioned at the core of the battery 1500 within the copper component 1502. This central attracting magnet 1508 works in conjunction with theAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 surrounding repelling magnets 1504 to further enhance the compression effect on the stored electrical energy within the copper component 1502.

[0255] As illustrated in a side cross-sectional view of the battery 1500 in Fig.15, a copper wire 1510 extends from the copper component 1502 to a region outside of the surrounding repelling magnets 1504. This copper wire 1510 is surrounded by an inverse cone magnet 1512 that aligns on one side with a magnet of the surrounding repelling magnets 1504.

[0256] The copper wire 1510 serves dual purposes within the battery 1500. When charging the battery 1500, electricity enters the copper component 1502 through the copper wire 1510. During discharge, electricity is extracted from the battery 1500 through the same copper wire 1510.

[0257] The inverse cone magnet 1512 surrounding the copper wire 1510 helps control a flow of electricity into and out of the battery 1500. In some implementations, the magnetic strength of the inverse cone magnet 1512 is adjustable to regulate a quantity of electricity entering or exiting the battery 1500, where the inverse cone magnet 1512 may be an electromagnet. Other electricity release systems may be used.

[0258] The surrounding repelling magnets 1504 serve to compress electrical energy (e.g., re- locate electrons within the copper component 1504 closer to a center portion of the battery 1500), thus increasing an energy density of electricity stored within the copper component 1502. By exerting magnetic pressure on the copper component 1502, the surrounding repelling magnets 1504 allows for a higher concentration of electrical charge to be contained within a given volume of a conductive material.

[0259] In some cases, the magnets used in the electricity density battery (e.g., the surrounding repelling magnets 1504 and the attracting magnet 1508) are permanent magnets. Alternatively, electromagnets are employed to allow for variable magnetic field strengths. The use of electromagnets provides additional control over the compression and energy storage processes. The electricity within the electricity density battery supplies electricity to the electromagnets. Various permanent magnets and electromagnets may be used for the electricity density battery.

[0260] When electromagnets are used, when charging the electricity density battery 1500 withelectricity the surrounding repelling magnets 1504 (implemented as electromagnets with variable magnetic field strength) may have a higher magnetic strength to increase theAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 compression of the electricity within the copper component 1502. While storing the electricity within the electricity density battery 1500 (e.g., during a time period in which current is not entering or exiting the battery 1500 through the copper wire 1510) the surrounding repelling magnets 1504 (implemented as electromagnets with variable magnetic field strength) may have less magnetic strength than when filling with electricity, to reduce energy usage.

[0261] The electricity density battery 1500 incorporates a control system implemented by a computer 1514 with associated software that is executed by the computer 1514 to control and manage the charging, storage, and discharging processes of the battery 1500. This control system may adjust the magnetic fields generated by the various magnetic components of the battery 1500 to optimize charging, storage, and discharging based on current battery conditions and power demands. The control system may control the magnetic strength of the electromagnets when charging the electricity density battery 1500.

[0262] In some implementations, the electricity density battery 1500 includes multiple copper components and magnet arrangements within a single battery unit. This configuration allows for increased overall energy storage capacity while maintaining the benefits of magnetic compression for each individual storage element.

[0263] The electricity density battery 1500 design is scalable to accommodate various energy storage requirements. Smaller versions may be suitable for portable electronic devices, while larger implementations are relevant for grid-scale energy storage applications.

[0264] By utilizing magnetic fields to compress electrical energy within a conductive medium, the electricity density battery 1500 achieves higher energy storage densities compared to conventional battery technologies. This increased storage capacity contributes to the development of more efficient and compact energy storage solutions for a wide range of applications.

[0265] Referring to Fig. 16, a pneumatic engine and air compressor system 1600 isimplemented to generate power using compressed air. The system 1600 includes a pneumatic engine portion with cylinders 1604 containing pistons 1606 that are actuated by compressed air bursts from an air compressor 1608 and a compressed air tank 1610.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0266] In some cases, the pistons 1606 is arranged in a configuration similar to conventional combustion engines, with a crankshaft and aligned pistons. The pistons 1606 connect to a central crankshaft 1612 which rotates as the pistons 1606 move within the cylinders 1604.

[0267] An air release mechanism, e.g., a compressed air conduit 1616, for the compressed air is at the top of each cylinder 1604, where a compressed air burst is released from the air release mechanism into the cylinder 1604 to exert pressure and force on the piston 1606 moving the piston 1606 and turning the crankshaft 1612. Each cylinder 1604 has a valve or other air release system to discard air from the cylinder after an air burst moves the piston. The cycle of air burst release repeats to power the engine. Each cylinder 1604 is airtight during the air burst release.

[0268] The system 1600 incorporates compressed air conduits that deliver compressed air from the air compressor 1608 and / or the compressed air tank 1610 to the cylinders 1604. In some implementations, each cylinder 1606 has its own dedicated air compressor. Alternatively, a single air compressor supplies compressed air to multiple cylinders through a network of conduits, as illustrated in Fig.16.

[0269] The system 1600 includes the tank 1610 for storing compressed air. The compressed airflows from the air compressor 1608 to the tank 1610, and then from the tank 1610 to the engine cylinders 1604 via the compressed air conduit 1616. In some cases, each cylinder 1606 has its own dedicated compressed air tank.

[0270] The force of the compressed air bursts may be varied by the system 1600 to change an output power of the system 1600, in which the output power is related to speed of the piston 1606 moving within the cylinder 1604. Additionally, a timing of the compressed air bursts may be adjusted to control the speed and power of the engine.

[0271] The system 1600 includes a computer 1614 to control operation of the pneumatic engine, the air compressor(s) 1608, and tank(s) 1610 when used. The computer 1614 may manage the timing and intensity of compressed air bursts, as well as the overall coordination between the air compressor 1608, storage tank 1610, and other engine components. The computer 1614 may use software.

[0272] The pneumatic engine may be designed for use in various types of vehicles. The system1600 may be powered by electricity, with a battery supplying power to the air compressor 1608Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 and control systems, as implemented by the computer 1614. The battery may be the vehicle’s battery.

[0273] In some cases, the air compressor 1608 is an electric air compressor. The use of the electric air compressor allows for more precise control over air pressure and flow rates compared to mechanically driven compressors. Various types of air compressors may be used.

[0274] The pneumatic engine offers potential advantages in terms of emissions, as it does not rely on combustion of fossil fuels to generate power. This may make the system 1600 suitable for applications where reduced environmental impact is a priority.

[0275] The system 1600 may be designed with safety features to manage the high-pressure air used to drive the piston(s) 1606. These safety features may include pressure relief valves, overpressure sensors, and emergency shutdown mechanisms to prevent damage to the engine or injury to operators in case of malfunction.

[0276] In some implementations, the pneumatic engine is designed to recover and reuse some of the compressed air after it has driven the piston(s) 1606. This recycling of air helps improve the overall efficiency of the system 1600 by reducing the workload on the air compressor 1608.

[0277] The system 1600 that includes the pneumatic engine and air compressor 1608 may be scalable to different sizes and power outputs. Smaller versions are suitable for light vehicles or portable power generation, while larger implementations are relevant to industrial or commercial applications.

[0278] Referring to Fig.17, a generator system 1700 is implemented to produce continuous electrical power through various configurations of magnetic and electrical components. The system 1700 aims to harness magnetic interactions and electrical phenomena to generate ongoing energy output.

[0279] The generator system 1700 utilizes a copper coil 1702 and magnet arrangement. The system 1700 includes the copper coil 1702 that is positioned around a magnet 1704 of the magnet arrangement, where either the magnet 1704 or the copper coil 1702 is configured to spin at high speed around a respective axis (e.g., an axis of the copper coil 1702, which coincides with a longitudinal axis of the magnet 1704). An electric motor 1705 is used to initiate and maintain the spinning motion of the copper coil 1702 and the magnet 1704.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0280] The spinning motion of the copper coil 1702 and / or magnet 1704 induces electrical current in the copper coil 1702 through electromagnetic induction. In some implementations, the electricity generated by this process is used to power the electric motor 1705 that drives a spinning component of the copper coil 1702 and / or magnet 1704, creating a potentially self- sustaining system.

[0281] The system 1700 includes permanent magnets 1706 surrounding the copper coil 1702. The system 1700 is configured for electricity to flow along a direction 1708. Another illustration of a generation system 1750 that includes copper coils and magnetic elements is illustrated in FIG.17.

[0282] Another generator design system 1800, as illustrated in Fig.18, incorporates a spiral- shaped magnet configuration. The system 1800 includes a magnet 1802 formed into a three- dimensional spiral shape, with a copper coil 1804 surrounding the spiral magnet 1802. The copper coil 1804 is arranged to spin freely around the spiral magnet 1802 while being constrained from moving side to side or up and down.

[0283] In this configuration, the magnetic forces of the spiral magnet 1802 attracts the coppercoil 1804, causing the coil 1804 to spin around the spiral magnet 1802. As the copper coil 1804 moves through the magnetic field of the spiral magnet 1802, it harvests electricity through electromagnetic induction.

[0284] In some implementations, the system 1800 is not configured in a spiral configuration, but instead includes repelling wedge magnets (e.g., a wedge 1806) on the spiral circle with a surrounding repelling spiral magnet 1802 to the faces of the wedge magnets 1806. A change of magnetic force on the wedge magnets spins the spiral magnet 1802. In some cases, a magnet wire is not included, and alternatively, the surrounding circle magnet 1802 has repelling wedge magnets facing inwards and the spiral has repelling spiral magnet wire to the wedge magnets. The wedge magnets 1806 may be permanent magnets. The wedge magnets 1806 and wire magnets (e.g., the magnet 1802) may be electromagnets. Some of the electricity generated by the device may be supplied to the electromagnets. A direction 1808 indicates a direction of electricity flow, a direction 1810 indicates a direction that the system 1800 spins, and a direction 1812 indicates a magnetic field direction.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0285] Another generator concept involves a configuration of copper wire and magnetic wire arranged in a spiral pattern. The spiral of copper and magnetic wire is formed into a circular shape and surrounded by a repelling magnet circle.

[0286] The surrounding repelling magnet circle may be designed with decreasing magnetic strength around its circumference. This variation in magnetic force causes the spiral circle of copper and magnetic wire to move in a circular motion. As the spiral circle moves, electrons are captured by the copper wire from the surrounding magnet.

[0287] In some implementations, multiple copper wire and magnet wire spirals are arranged together to increase the overall energy generation capacity of the system. The specific geometry and arrangement of the wire spirals and surrounding magnets may be optimized to enhance the electron capture process and overall energy output.

[0288] Some generator designs may utilize melted materials to generate electricity. In oneimplementation, copper and magnets are melted and mixed together to form a fluid mixture. The melted fluid is contained within an enclosure surrounded by an electric heater.

[0289] The fluid mixture is mechanically mixed, causing movement of the melted copper inrelation to the melted magnets. This relative motion between the conductive copper and magnetic materials generates electrical current, which may be harvested from the enclosure.

[0290] In some cases, the electricity generated from such a system is used to power the electric heater and mixer, with excess electricity available for other purposes. The device may be scaled to different sizes, from small versions for portable electronics to larger implementations for supplying electricity to utility grids.

[0291] These generator designs aim to create systems that can produce ongoing electrical power through various configurations of magnetic and electrical components.

[0292] Referring to Fig.19, a heat setting construction system 1900 is implemented to create structural elements using a mold 1902 and a heat-activated material poured into the mold 1902 from a pour direction 1904. The system 1900 utilizes a mold 1902 designed to contain liquid metal 1906, e.g., poured into the mold 1902 from the pour direction 1904 and contained within the mold 1902, which is externally heated by heating elements 1908 of the mold 1902, to set the liquid metal 1906 within the mold 1902 into a rigid form. The liquid metal 1906 may be liquid at room temperature.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0293] In some cases, the mold 1902 is configured to provide external heat via the heating elements 1908 to the liquid metal 1906, causing the liquid metal 1906 to solidify and maintain a shape, as defined by a shape of the mold 1902. Once the liquid metal 1906 has set, the mold 1902 is removed from the solidified liquid metal 1906, leaving a rigid structural element.

[0294] Alternatively, the liquid metal 1906 is added to the mold 1902 in solid or granular form.The mold 1902 can then heat the solid metal via the heating elements 1908 to melt the metal, then once melted, the mold 1902 can stop providing heat via the heating elements 1908 and the liquid metal 1906 sets from reduced temperature, then the mold 1902 is removed.

[0295] The heat setting construction system 1900 may also incorporate a wood-based material for creating structural elements. In some implementations, wood powder or pieces are mixed with a heat-setting binder, such as a specialized glue. This wood-based mixture is poured into the mold 1902 and externally heated by the heating elements 1908 to set the material into a solid form. The mold 1902 may contain a heating element and the molds may heat the wood mixture within the molds to set the wood mixture. Once set, the molds may be removed. Similar to the liquid metal 1906 poured from the pouring direction 1904 as described above, the material that includes wood-based material is poured from the pouring direction 1904 into an enclosure defined by the mold 1902.

[0296] In some cases, the mold 1902 provides heat necessary for setting the construction materials, in contrast with a system that includes external heating elements. This configuration allows for more precise control of the heating process and potentially faster production of structural elements. The heating elements 1908 of the mold 1902 may be various heaters and may be an electric heater. The heating elements 1908 of the mold 1902 may be powered by a battery or on-site electricity source.

[0297] The mold 1902 may have various dimensions and have various lengths, widths, and thicknesses. The mold 1902 may be filled from various locations on the mold 1902, including the pouring direction 1904, as an example. The top of the mold 1902 may be removed and the mold 1902 may be filled from the top of the molds, e.g., as illustrated by the pouring direction 1904. When the mold 1902 is heated, the mold 1902 may be sealed and be fluid tight, such that fluid cannot be poured into the enclosure defined by the mold 1902 from the pouring direction 1904 when the heating elements 1908 are activated and heating the fluid within the mold 1902.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0298] The mold 1902 may be manually assembled in portions. The mold 1902 may be assembled for the entire structure to be formed before filling the mold 1902, or sections of the structure to be formed may be constructed in phases with the mold 1902.

[0299] The heat setting construction system 1900 is adaptable to various types of construction materials. In some implementations, a mixture of wood, insulation, waterproofing materials, and a heat-setting binder may be combined and poured into the mold 1902 from the pouring direction 1904 to create a multi-functional structural material. When set with heat in mold 1902 by the heating elements 1908, this composite material forms elements that provide structural support, insulation, and waterproofing properties simultaneously.

[0300] The system 1900 may incorporate sectioned molds (e.g., sections of the enclosure mold 1902) to accommodate different materials within a single structural element. In some cases, individual fluids (such as metal, wood-based mixtures, waterproofing compounds, or insulation materials) may be poured into separate sections of the mold 1902. These sections may be heated and set individually or simultaneously, depending on the specific requirements of the construction project.

[0301] In some implementations, the heat setting process involves layered construction. Each material layer may be set individually, with subsequent layers bonded to the previous ones through the heating process or an adhesion process. Alternatively, all layers may be set together in a single heating cycle, potentially creating stronger bonds between the different materials.

[0302] The heat setting construction system 1900 may be designed to accommodate plumbing, electrical wiring, and conduits for air conditioning and heating systems. In some cases, these elements are positioned within the mold 1902 before the construction materials are poured and set (e.g., before the liquid metal 1906 is poured into the mold 1902 from the pouring direction 1904). This approach allows for the integration of various building systems directly into the structural elements during the construction process.

[0303] The materials used in the heat setting construction system may be selected for their ability to withstand the heat setting process without degradation. This consideration may be particularly important for integrated elements such as plumbing or electrical components.

[0304] In some implementations, the heat setting process is initiated by introducing a setting agent into the fluid materials. The mold 1902 may be designed to mix the setting agent with theAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 construction fluids at a specific point in the process, where the mold 1902 may comprise a mixing device (not illustrated in Fig.19). Alternatively, the system 1900 employs ultrasonic or ultraviolet methods to trigger the setting process, offering more precise control over the timing and progression of material solidification.

[0305] The heat setting construction system 1900 offers benefits in terms of construction speedand cost efficiency. By allowing for the rapid creation of complex structural elements with integrated functional properties, the system 1900 reduces on-site construction time and labor requirements.

[0306] In some cases, the heat setting construction system 1900 is adaptable to both on-site and off-site manufacturing processes. This flexibility allows for the creation of prefabricated structural elements in controlled factory environments, which can then be transported to construction sites for assembly.

[0307] The system 1900 is scalable to accommodate various sizes of structural elements, from small components to large-scale building sections. This scalability makes the heat setting construction system 1900 applicable to a wide range of construction projects, from residential buildings to commercial and industrial structures.

[0308] Referring to Fig.20, an angled gear system 2000 is implemented to transmit rotational motion between non-parallel gears. The system 2000 includes two gears (a first gear 2002 and a second gear 2004) arranged at various angles relative to each other (e.g., angle 2006), allowing for power transmission across different angular positions.

[0309] In some cases, the gears have semi-circular gear teeth (e.g., semi-circular gear teeth 2008a-h) along the circumference of each respective gear. The semi-circular shape of the teeth 2008a-h enables the gears 2002, 2004 to mesh and transmit motion while positioned at various angles. This tooth geometry allows for greater flexibility in gear positioning compared to traditional straight or helical gear teeth. In some implementations, the semi-circular gear teeth 2008a-h are positioned along the outer edge of each gear 2002, 2004. This arrangement enables engagement between the gears 2002, 2004 despite their angled configuration (e.g., the angle 2006 between the first gear 2002 and the second gear 2004).

[0310] The angled gear system 2000 includes the first gear 2002, which extends upward at an angle while the second gear 2004 remains in a horizontal (or vertical) orientation. Each gearAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 changes its angle relative to the other gear while both gears turn. Alternatively, one of the gears changes its angle relative to the other gear while both gears turn.

[0311] The semi-circular gear teeth 2008a-h may be designed to maintain proper meshing and power transmission across different angular positions. In some cases, the curved geometry of the gear teeth 2008a-h allows for smoother engagement and disengagement as the gears rotate, potentially reducing wear and noise.

[0312] The angled gear system 2000 is adaptable to various shaft angles. In some implementations, the same gear design is used for multiple angle configurations, providing flexibility in mechanical system design. The ability to transmit power between non-parallel shafts allows for more compact or efficient machine layouts in certain applications. The gears 2008a-h are configured such that mechanical power can transmit between adjacent gears.

[0313] In some cases, the angled gear system 2000 incorporates materials selected for durabilityand low friction. The gears may be made of metal, plastic, or other materials. The gear teeth 2008a-h may be manufactured with high precision to ensure proper meshing and minimize backlash between the angled gears. Lubrication systems may be integrated to reduce wear and maintain smooth operation of the angled gear assembly.

[0314] The angled gear system 2000 is scalable to different sizes and power transmission requirements. Smaller versions may be suitable for precision instruments or small mechanical devices, while larger implementations are relevant for industrial machinery or automotive applications. The angled gear system 2000 may be used for various types of gears, including spur gears, bevel gears, or other gear configurations. The angled gears may have various dimensions, widths, lengths and heights.

[0315] In some implementations, the angled gear system 2000 includes additional features such as adjustable mounting systems to fine-tune the gear angles or tensioning mechanisms to maintain proper gear engagement over time. These features enhance the versatility and longevity of the angled gear system in various mechanical applications.

[0316] Referring to Fig.21, a circular gear teeth system 2100 is implemented to allow for gear engagement across a wide range of angles. The system includes a gear 2102 with uniquely shaped gear teeth (e.g., gear teeth 2104a-c) designed to maintain proper meshing in various orientations.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0317] In some cases, the gear teeth 2104a-c have a circular shape along their outer edge. Fig. 21 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the gear 2102 with circular teeth 2104a-c. As shown in Fig.21, the circular gear teeth 2104a-c are arranged around the circumference of the gear 2102. The gear 2102 illustrated in Fig.21 includes three gear teeth (e.g., 2104a-d). Additional gear teeth can be positioned along the entire circumference of the gear 2102.

[0318] The circular gear teeth 2104a-c are connected by cone-shaped elements 2106a-d between adjacent teeth. For example, the cone-shaped elements 2106a-b connect the gear teeth 2104a-b. In some implementations, a base of each cone-shaped element 2106a-d connects to one circular tooth, while a point of the respective cone-shaped element 2106a-d connects to a point of an adjacent cone-shaped element 2106a-d connected to an adjacent circular gear tooth. This configuration creates a continuous surface along the gear's circumference. For example, a base of the cone-shaped element 2106a is attached to the gear tooth 2104a and a point of the cone-shaped element 2106a is connected to a point of the cone-shaped element 2106b, whose base is connected to the gear tooth 2104b.

[0319] The cone-shaped elements 2106a-d between the circular teeth 2104a-c curves inwardalong their length. This curvature allows for smoother transitions between teeth during gear rotation and engagement. The curved property of the cone-shaped elements 2106a-d also contributes to maintaining proper tooth contact across different gear angles where a circular gear tooth of the adjacent gear connects between two adjacent circular gear teeth of the first gear over and connecting to the two cones between the two adjacent circular gear teeth of the first gear. The curvature of the circular gear teeth and the curvature of the two cones may be aligned and the same angle of curvature for the two cones across the length of the outer face of the two cones for connecting circular gear teeth and two cones.

[0320] In some cases, the circular gear teeth 2104fa-c and curved cone-shaped elements 2106a- d enable gear engagement at various angles approaching 360 degrees. This flexibility in engagement angles allows for more diverse gear configurations compared to traditional gear designs with straight or angled teeth. Two gears each with circular gear teach and two cones between two adjacent circular gear teeth around the circumference of each gear may engage and turn together to transmit power, where the angle of one or both gears may change relative to theAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 other gear while both gears turn, where the angle of change may be up to approximately 360 degrees.

[0321] The circular gear teeth 2104a-c may remain uniform around the circumference of the gear 2102. This uniformity helps ensure consistent performance regardless of the rotational position of the gear 2102 (e.g., around an axis of the gear). The consistent tooth shape also contributes to smoother operation and potentially reduced wear over time.

[0322] The cone-shaped elements 2106a-d between the circular teeth 2104a-c enable the gear 2102 to maintain engagement with a mating gear across different angles while the gears are turning. This capability allows for dynamic adjustment of gear positioning during operation, enabling more compact or flexible mechanical designs.

[0323] In some implementations, the circular gear teeth system 2100 are manufactured using high-precision techniques to ensure proper tooth geometry and spacing. The specific dimensions and curvatures of the circular teeth 2104a-c and cone-shaped elements 2106a-d may be optimized based on the intended application and expected range of engagement angles.

[0324] The circular gear teeth 2104a-c design are applicable to various types of gears, includingspur gears, bevel gears, or other gear configurations. The system 2100 is scalable to different gear sizes, from small precision components to larger industrial applications. A gear with circular gear teeth may have various dimensions, lengths, widths, and heights.

[0325] In some cases, the circular gear teeth 2104a-c are constructed from materials selected for durability and low friction. Components of the system 2100 may be made of metal, plastic, or other materials. Lubrication systems may be integrated to reduce wear and maintain smooth operation across the range of possible engagement angles.

[0326] The circular gear teeth system 2100 provide advantages in terms of design flexibility and adaptability in mechanical systems. By allowing for gear engagement across a wide range of angles, the system 2100 enables more compact machinery layouts or facilitate the development of mechanisms with variable gear orientations.

[0327] Referring to Fig.22, a foldable laptop and tablet system 2200 is implemented to provide a compact, versatile, and foldable computing device. The system 2200 incorporates multiple folding sections 2214a-d across a length and / or width of a device that allow the device to be reduced in size for portability (e.g., by folding the device along fold lines between the sectionsAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 2214a-d) while maintaining full functionality when unfolded. The device can be configured in an unfolded configuration 2202 and a folded configuration 2204. In some implementations, the device operates as a laptop or tablet when configured in the unfolded configuration 2202. In some implementations, the device operates as a mobile device when configured in the folded configuration 2204.

[0328] In some cases, the foldable device includes four or more sections that can be folded along fold lines both horizontally and vertically. For example, the unfolded configuration 2202 illustrates a horizontal fold line 2206, in which the device can fold along the horizontal fold line 2206 in a first fold direction 2208. The unfolded configuration 2202 illustrates a vertical fold line 2210, in which the device can fold along the vertical fold line 2210 in a second fold direction 2212. This multi-directional folding capability along multiple non-colinear fold lines allows the device to be compacted to a size small enough to fit in a user's pocket when fully folded (e.g., the size of a hand-held device). When the device is configured in the unfolded configuration 2202, the folding sections may be aligned on the same plane and when the device is configured in the folded configuration 2204, the folded sections may be overlapping and touching. For example, the face and / or back of each section is aligned and in contact with a face and / or back of another section of the device.

[0329] The fully folded configuration can be approximately the size of a hand-held device. Typical hand-held devices have dimensions of less than 10 inches of height, less than 4 inches in width, and less than 1 inch in thickness. In some cases, the dimensions are designed for ergonomic use, to be used primarily with one hand, whiles having enough screen surface area for a usable interface.

[0330] In the unfolded configuration, the device is approximately a laptop size. Typical laptops have a diagonal screen width greater than 10 inches, with common widths ranging from 11 inches to 15 inches. Typical laptops have a thickness between 0.5 inch and 1.5 inches. The laptop dimensions provide a balance between portability and functionality, often include foldable keyboards, and at least one battery.

[0331] As an example process of converting the device from the unfolded configuration 2202 tothe folded configuration 2204, the device is folded along the horizontal fold line 2206 in the first fold direction 2208. As such, the device is configured in an intermediate configuration inAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 which the face of section 2214c is in contact with the face of section 2214a and the face of section 2214d is in contact with the face of section 2214b. The device is then folded along the vertical fold line 2210 in the second fold direction 2212. As such, the device is configured in the folded configuration 2204 such that the back of section 2214d is in contact with the back of section 2214c (or the back of 2214b is in contact with the back of 2214a if the fold occurs in an opposite direction). In the folded configuration 2204, the top of the folded device is the back of section 2214b and represents a screen 2216 of the folded device (e.g., top of a smartphone).

[0332] The computing components of the device may be distributed across the various folding sections. Computing components such as a processor and memory may be in the same or different fold sections of the device. In some implementations, these components are connected through the fold lines, allowing for continuous operation in both folded and unfolded states. The connection between fold sections of the device may include an electrical connection.

[0333] The foldable laptop device includes traditional components of a laptop such as a display, keyboard, and trackpad, among other features. For example, the sections 2214c-d include the keyboard and trackpad and the sections 2214a-b include the display. The foldable tablet device configured in the unfolded configuration 2202 may include traditional components of a tablet including a touchscreen and other features.

[0334] The top external fold of the device (e.g., the back of the section 2214b, which is the screen 2216 in the folded configuration 2204) may incorporate a smartphone functionality (e.g., an outermost surface of the device in the folded configuration 2204). The folded configuration 2204 may allow users to access smartphone features without needing to unfold the entire device. In some cases, the smartphone portion utilizes the computing components used for the laptop or tablet functions in the unfolded configuration 2202, reducing redundancy in hardware.

[0335] Each of the fold lines 2206, 2210 in the device may include a hinge mechanism. There are one or more hinges for each fold, and the hinge connects adjacent fold sections of the device. These hinges are designed to provide smooth folding action while maintaining structural integrity in both folded and unfolded positions. In some implementations, the hinges incorporate locking mechanisms to secure the device in various folded configurations. The locking mechanism is configured to secure the device in a fully folded configuration, a partially unfolded configuration, and a fully unfolded configuration. Other folding connectionAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 mechanisms may be used. In some cases, a signal generated by a sensor 2217 can determine if the device is in the folded configuration 2204 or unfolded configuration 2204 (or the intermediate configuration(s)) and engage the locking mechanisms appropriately. In some implementations, the sensor 2217 is positioned within the hinges and / or within the sections of the device (as illustrated in Fig.22). In some cases, the locking mechanism includes a pressure- sensitive device to initiate an unlocking of the locking mechanism upon detecting a folding and / or unfolding of the device.

[0336] In some cases, the hinge mechanisms provide electrical connection between the folds of the device and between each section of the device. Each hinge can include multiple electrical connections and various types of electrical connections. Alternatively, or additionally, flexible wires may electrically connect each section through the hinges of each section, in which the wires can be positioned within each hinge. In some cases, a hinge includes one or multiple flexible wires.

[0337] If more than one hinge is used for a particular fold, only one hinge may have electrical connection between associated sections. Alternatively, multiple or all of the hinges of a fold line may have electrical connections, and this could be with electrically enabled hinges, flexible wires, or both.

[0338] The computing components within the device can be configured in a variety of configurations. In particular, the device can include different computing components and different configurations of computing components within sections. For example, a foldable laptop configured in the unfolded configuration 2202 can include display sections that may not include computing components, other than potentially the smartphone display section when the device includes a smartphone display, which can be touch sensitive. As another example, foldable tablets can include computing components that may be included in touch sensitive display sections. The foldable tablet configured in the unfolded configuration 2202 can include a display for a smartphone, which includes a touch sensitive display as well. A section of the tablet display can be used for the smartphone display, alternatively and additionally, a display can be included for the smartphone display. For the foldable laptop configuration in the unfolded configuration 2202, a keyboard and trackpad can be included for the device, in which each may be foldable between two or more sections.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0339] The foldable laptop and tablet system 2200 is designed to transition between multiple states. When fully unfolded in the unfolded configuration 2202, the device may function as a traditional laptop or tablet computer with a large display area and full keyboard for the laptop. In some implementations, if the device is configured in the folded configuration 2204, the device is compacted to a smaller form factor while still allowing access to smartphone functionality through the top outer face portion of the device (e.g., the back of the section 2214b, and represented by the screen 2216). In these implementations, the smartphone portion of the outer face of the top fold of the device may include a touch screen display. In some implementations, the device does not have smartphone functionality on the top fold of the device.

[0340] In some cases, the display technology used in the foldable device is designed to accommodate the stress of repeated folding and unfolding. This may involve the use of flexible display materials or segmented display panels that align when the device is unfolded. The flexible display of the device may span multiple fold sections of the device. For example, the display portion can extend from the section 2214a to the section 2214b across the vertical fold line 2210.

[0341] The foldable design may allow for various intermediate configurations between the unfolded configuration 2202 and the folded configuration 2204. These intermediate configurations provide different form factors suitable for various use cases, such as a partially unfolded configuration for use as a smaller tablet or a tented position for media viewing. For example, the device can include a touch screen display on the back of the sections 2214c and sections 2214d. In this case, the device can operate as a tablet if the device is folded along the horizontal fold line 2206 in the first fold direction 2208.

[0342] The system 2200 incorporates the sensor(s) 2216to generate a signal processed by a computer included in the system 2200 to detect a current folding configuration of the device. In some implementations, the sensor(s) 2217 communicate with the device's operating system to automatically adjust a user interface and functionality based on the current configuration. The device may automatically adjust the user interface transitioning between a smartphone interface and a tablet interface or a laptop interface based on the detected folding configuration. In some implementations, the sensor 2217 is a pressure sensor that generates an electrical signal inAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 response to two sections of the device becoming in contact (e.g., upon contact between the face of the section 2214c and the face of the section 2214a). The pressure sensor can be positioned on an exterior of one or more sections of the device. In addition, the hinge(s) of the device can include sensors to determine a position of the hinge(s), in which different hinge positions generate a different pressure sensor signal. Other sensors are possible for detecting the current folding state of the device including vision sensors.

[0343] The foldable laptop and tablet system may include a power management system designed to efficiently distribute power across the various sections of the device. This may involve the use of battery technologies or multiple battery cells positioned throughout the folding sections. The battery may be flexible. Distributing power may include a process for selectively activating and deactivating components in different folding sections based on whether those sections are currently in use in the device's configuration. For example, if section 2214a includes a display when the device is configured in the unfolded configuration 2202, the display of the section 2214a can be inactive when the device is in the folded configuration 2204, because the only required display in the folded configuration 2204 is the screen 2216. In some implementations, the device incorporates advanced cooling systems distributed across the folding sections to ensure proper thermal regulation in both configurations 2202, 2204.

[0344] Various configurations of the battery or batteries of the device can be used for the foldable computing device. For example, each section of the device can include a battery. Alternatively, only a subset of the sections of the device can include a battery. The power management system can send electricity from any battery of the device to the computing components via electrical connections (e.g., via electrically-enabled hinges) and can adjust an amount of electricity to be sent to various components of the device.

[0345] In some cases, the device incorporates a stylus or other input device that can be stored within one of the folding sections. This integration provides additional input options while maintaining the compact nature of the folded device.

[0346] By combining the functionality of a laptop, tablet, and smartphone in a foldable form factor, this system provides users with a versatile computing device that adapts to various usage scenarios while maintaining portability. The multi-fold design allows for significant sizeAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 reduction when not in use, increasing the convenience of carrying a full-featured computing device.

[0347] Referring to Fig.23, a wireless electricity network system 2300 is implemented to provide power to electronic devices without a need for physical connections between the electronic devices and a power source. The system 2300 allows the devices to connect to a wireless electricity network in a manner similar to how devices connect to Wi-Fi networks for data transmission.

[0348] In some cases, the wireless electricity network includes multiple local wireless electricity transmitters distributed across an area. For example, the system 2300 illustrated in Fig.23 includes local wireless electricity transmitters 2302a-c. These transmitters 2302a-c may be positioned to create overlapping transmission areas, allowing for continuous power delivery as devices move between coverage zones. For example, a transmission area 2304a associated with the transmitter 2302a overlaps with a transmission area 2304b and a transmission area 2304c that also overlaps with transmission area 2306b.

[0349] The system 2300 incorporates the local wireless electricity transmitters 2302a-c that candetect and authenticate devices within their respective transmission area. In some implementations, a device is configured to connect to available wireless electricity networks, potentially paying a fee or requiring a subscription for access. Authentication of the devices by the transmitters 2302a-c may be automatic and controlled by a computer and software.

[0350] An electronic device 2306 compatible with the wireless electricity network that includes the transmitters 2302a-c includes a battery 2308 and a wireless electricity receiver 2310 or may not include the battery 2308. The local wireless electricity transmitters 2302a-c may provide power to charge the device's battery 2308 and / or directly power the device's operations through wireless transmission. As illustrated in Fig.23, the transmitter 2302c transmits wireless electrical energy and is received by the wireless electricity receiver 2310 of the electronic device 2306.

[0351] In some cases, the wireless electricity network system 2300 utilizes one or more types of wireless power transfer technologies. These may include Radio Frequency (RF) Wireless Power Transfer, Inductive Wireless Power Transfer, Inductive Resonant Wireless Power Transfer,Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 Capacitive Wireless Power Transfer, Ultrasound (Electro-Mechanical) Wireless Power Transfer, Laser Wireless Power Transfer, or Electric Vehicle (EV) Wireless Power Transfer.

[0352] The wireless electricity network system 2300 may be designed to allow electronic devices to automatically connect to other wireless electricity transmitters by the same carrier when moving between locations. This feature provides seamless power delivery across extended areas covered by multiple transmitters. For example, if the computing device 2306 moves towards the transmitter 2302b, the device 2306 can automatically receive wireless electrical energy from the transmitter 2302b rather than (or in addition to) the transmitter 2302c.

[0353] In some implementations, the wireless electricity transmitters 2302a-c have overlapping coverage at the edges of their transmission areas 2304a-c. This overlap ensures continuous power delivery as devices transition between adjacent transmitter coverage zones.

[0354] The system 2300 may include mechanisms for devices to detect available wirelesselectricity networks and / or nearby transmitters and to initiate connection processes to receive wireless electrical energy from a nearby transmitter. In some cases, these mechanisms involve authentication protocols to verify device eligibility for accessing the network of transmitters. The authentication of devices may be done by the wireless electricity network system 2300. The device may include settings set by the user to use the wireless electricity network. The settings may include when to connect to the wireless electricity network, such as an amount that the battery of the device is depleted. The wireless electricity network system 2300 may be controlled by a computer(s) and software.

[0355] The wireless electricity network system 2300 is adaptable to various environments and applications. In some cases, the wireless electricity network system 2300 may be implemented in homes, offices, public spaces, or transportation systems to provide widespread access to wireless power. The wireless electricity network system 2300 may include many (e.g., 100s or 1,000s) of transmitters and can be implemented throughout a city. Electronic devices (e.g., the electronic device 2306) that receive electrical power from the wireless electricity network may include smartphones, cellphones, tablets, laptops, other portable computing devices, other portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and other electronic devices.

[0356] The system 2300 may incorporate safety features to manage power transmission levels and prevent overcharging of connected devices. In some implementations, the network adjustsAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 power output based on the number and types of devices connected to each transmitter. Each wireless electricity network system 2300 may supply electricity to one or multiple connected devices within each local transmitter’s transmission area.

[0357] By providing a wireless method for delivering electrical power to devices, the wireless electricity network system 2300 offers increased flexibility and convenience compared to traditional wired power delivery methods. The system's ability to provide power across extended areas through multiple interconnected transmitters enables new applications and usage scenarios for portable electronic devices.

[0358] Referring to Fig.24, a gas cylinder system 2400 is implemented to generate electricity using rising gas to drive a turbine(s). The system 2400 includes an airtight cylinder 2402 containing a fluid 2404, such as water, and a gas that is lighter than the fluid.

[0359] In some cases, the cylinder 2402 may be tall, with a height ranging, e.g., from 0.05 to5,000 feet. The diameter of the cylinder 2402 varies, e.g., from 0.05 to 2,000 feet, depending on the specific implementation and power generation requirements.

[0360] The system 2400 incorporates a central rod 2406 extending vertically through thecylinder 2402 from a top location 2408 to a bottom location 2410. One or multiple turbine fans 2411 are mounted on the rod 2406 and spaced apart along the length of the rod 2406. In some implementations, the turbine fans 2411 span the approximate width of the cylinder 2402 to maximize interaction with the rising gas within the cylinder 2402.

[0361] At the bottom location 2410 of the cylinder 2402, a gas introduction mechanism is positioned to release gas into the fluid contained in the cylinder 2402. This mechanism includes a circular hose 2412 with holes spaced along the length of the hose 2412, as illustrated, or may include multiple hoses arranged across the bottom location 2410 of the cylinder 2402. Other gas introduction mechanisms may be used. The gas introduction mechanism is connected to an external fan or pump 2414 to supply gas into the cylinder 2402.

[0362] As added gas from the gas introduction mechanism is released into the fluid contained in the cylinder 2402, the added gas rises through the cylinder 2402 from the bottom location 2410 towards the top location 2408 due to a lower density of the added gas in comparison with the fluid contained in the cylinder 2402. The upward movement of gas bubbles 2423 through the fluid contained in the cylinder 2402 and the resulting fluid displacement cause the turbine fansAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 2411 to spin as the gas passes across the blades of the turbine fans 2411. This spinning motion of the turbine fans 2411 causes a rotation of the central rod 2406.

[0363] The system 2400 includes 1 to, e.g., 100,000 turbine fans within the cylinder 2402. The turbine fan blades may be angled and / or curved to optimize interaction with the rising gas and fluid movement. Each turbine fan has 2 to, e.g., 5,000 fan blades, depending on the specific design requirements.

[0364] The system 2400 incorporates a gas collection device 2416 positioned near the top location 2408 of the cylinder 2402. The gas collection device 2416 is connected to a hose 2418 that runs along an exterior portion of the cylinder 2402 from a position near the top location 2408 to a position near the bottom location 2410. The pump 2414 is configured to recirculate the collected gas back to the bottom location 2410 of the cylinder 2402 via the gas introduction mechanism, creating a continuous cycle of gas flow from the bottom location 2410 towards the top location 2408 of the cylinder 2402.

[0365] In some implementations, the central rod 2406 is connected to a generator 2420 positioned outside the cylinder 2402. As the rod 2406 rotates due to the spinning turbine fans 2411, the rotation of rod 2406 drives the generator 2420 to produce electricity.

[0366] The system 2400 includes a computer 2422 for control and monitoring purposes. This computer 2422 manages various aspects of the system's operation, such as gas flow rates, turbine speeds, and power output. A battery 2424 is included to provide power for system startup and may support the computer 2422 and other electrical components of the system 2400 (e.g., the pump 2414). The electrical components of the system may be powered by the generator 2420 after the startup period.

[0367] In some cases, multiple rods with turbine fans are incorporated within a single cylinder. These rods may be arranged in various configurations, such as a circular pattern or a grid layout. Each rod may be connected to its own generator, increasing the overall power output of the system.

[0368] The added gas used in the system may be helium, hydrogen, air, or other gases that are lighter than the fluid in the cylinder. The choice of gas depends on factors such as availability, cost, and safety considerations. The fluid contained in the cylinder 2402 may be water or other fluids.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0369] By utilizing the natural buoyancy of gases in a fluid medium, the system 2400 provides a method for generating electricity without relying on combustion or other chemical processes. The continuous cycle of gas rising from the bottom location 2410 to the top location 2408 and recirculation via the gas collection device 2416 and the hose 2418 allows for ongoing power generation as long as the system is maintained and operated.

[0370] Referring to Fig.25, a metal particle movement magnet system 2500 is implemented for generating electricity. The system 2500 utilizes magnetic attraction to move metal particles 2502 and drive a generator 2504.

[0371] The system 2500 includes a magnet 2506 positioned above a metal particle releasing system 2508. One or multiple turbine fans 2510 or blades may be positioned between the magnet 2506 and the metal particle releasing system 2508. The turbine fan(s) 2510 or blade(s) may be angled or angled and curved. There may be various distances between the magnet 2506 and metal particle releasing system 2508 depending on the magnetic strength of the magnet 2506, where the metal particles 2502 may be attracted to the magnet 2506 throughout the entire distance between the metal particle releasing system 2508 and the magnet 2506.

[0372] The system 2500 incorporates the metal particle releasing system 2508 containing holes 2512 through which the metal particles 2502 are released. The metal particle releasing system 2508 is located at the ground of the system 2500. As the metal particles 2502 are released, they are attracted upwards toward the magnet above 2506.

[0373] The upward movement along an upward direction 2514 of the metal particles 2502 causes the turbine fan 2510 or blades to spin as the meal particles 2502 pass through the turbine fan 2510. The moving metal particles 2502 create wind in the upward direction 2514 and both the moving metal particles 2502 and wind created spin the turbine fan(s) 2510 or blade(s). A rod 2516 extends through the center of the system from a top location 2518 to a bottom location 2520, connecting to components of the turbine 2510 at a center position of the turbine 2510.

[0374] In some implementations, the system 2500 includes a metal particles reinsertion system near the bottom location 2520. This allows for continuous operation by recycling the metal particles 2502.

[0375] Components of the system 2500 are controlled by a computer 2522 to control various operational parameters of the system 2500. The generator 2504 is located at the base of theAttorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 system near the bottom location 2520 or other location to convert mechanical energy of the spinning turbine 2510 into electrical energy.

[0376] The system 2500 includes the metal particle collection system that may utilize magnetic or mechanical methods to efficiently collect particles after they pass through the turbine 2510 before reaching the magnet 2506 or to remove the metal particles 2502 from the magnet 2506. The metal particle collection system moves the metal particles 2502 to a side location 2524 of the magnet 2506 and then lets the metal particles 2502 drop to the ground along a downward direction 2526 to be reinserted into the metal particle releasing system 2508 by the reinsertion system. The reinsertion system may be designed to return particles to the releasing system with minimal energy expenditure.

[0377] The metal particles 2502 follow the upward direction 2514 toward the magnet 2506 and the downward direction 2526 after reaching the magnet 2506 and after collection. The system 2500 may operate in a continuous cycle, with particles being released through the holes 2512, rising through the turbine 2510 along the upward direction 2514, being collected by the magnet 2506, and then reinserted for continued operation.

[0378] In some cases, the magnet 2506 positioned near the top location 2518 is an electromagnet. The strength of the electromagnet may be adjustable by receiving a particular setting from the computer 2522 to determine an amount of current to flow through the electromagnet to control the speed and force of the rising metal particles 2502. Alternatively, the magnet 2506 is a permanent magnet. Various electromagnets and permanent magnets may be used for the system 2500. When the magnet 2506 is an electromagnet, it may turn off during the metal particle collection process so that the metal particles 2502 are collected (e.g., return to the bottom location 2520 along the downward direction 2526).

[0379] The metal particle releasing system 2508 may be designed to release particles at controlled intervals or in specific patterns, as controlled by the computer 2522. This allows for optimization of particle flow and turbine rotation.

[0380] The turbine fan 2510 or blade arrangement may be configured with various blade designs to maximize energy capture from the rising particles 2502. In some implementations, multiple turbine stages are incorporated to increase overall energy generation.Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1

[0381] The metal particles 2502 used in the system 2500 may be selected based on their magnetic properties and durability. Particles may be of various sizes or shapes to influence their movement and interaction with the turbine components. The metal particles 2502 may be a fine powder or in granular form. The metal particles 2502 may be made from magnets.

[0382] In some cases, the system 2500 incorporates multiple parallel particle streams andturbines within a single unit. This configuration increases the total power output of the system 2500.

[0383] The computer 2522 controlling the components of the system 2500 may adjust operational parameters based on factors such as desired power output, particle flow rate, and system efficiency. In some implementations, the computer 2522 incorporates algorithms to optimize system performance over time.

[0384] The generator 2504 connected to the turbine 2510 via the rod 2516 may be selectedbased on the expected rotational speed and torque produced by the particle-driven system. In some cases, the generator 2504 includes power conditioning equipment to produce electricity suitable for specific applications or grid integration. The generator 2504 may power the electric components of the system 2500 (e.g., the computer 2522). The system 2500 may include a battery which may power the electrical components of the system 2500 during a start-up period of the system 2500. The generator 2504 may produce electricity which may be used for various purposes such supplying electricity to utility grid.

[0385] By utilizing magnetic attraction to drive particle movement and turbine rotation, this system 2500 provides a method for generating electricity without relying on traditional fuel sources.

[0386] Other implementations are within the scope of the following claims.AppendixAPPENDIXTechnologiesDETAILED DESCRIPTIONAspects of the present inventions are best understood by reference to the descriptions set forth herein. All the aspects described herein will be better appreciated and understood when considered in conjunction with the following descriptions. It should be understood, however, that the following descriptions, while indicating preferred aspects and numerous specific details thereof, are given by way of illustration only and should not be treated as limitations. Changes and modifications may be made within the scope herein without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, and the present inventions herein includes all such modifications.Tire Tread FormerTires may be made with more rubber at the edges and width of the tires so that after the treads are worn, new tire treads can be formed in the tire using a machine that melts the edge and width of the rubber of the tire and forms new treads in the tires in the melted rubber. Such machines may be local and may save the driver cost by not replacing the tires. Various tread patterns may be formed in the tires depending on the vehicle and driving habits of the driver. The machine may have a heating element and a tread forming element, where the forming element may compress the edges and width of the tire after heating. The machine may have replaceable forming elements for different treads, where the machine may have different forming elements within the machine that are used depending on the tread selection, or the forming elements may be manually replaced. The machine may form treads for different size tires, accommodating different width and length tires. The machine may be automated and computer controlled. The heating element may be electric. The tread forming element may compress actuated by hydraulics, pneumatics, or other mechanical methods. The machine may take less than 30 minutes to reform each tire. The driver may operate the machine or a mechanic may operate the machine. The machine may have a display which the driver or mechanic may operate to make selections on the tread forming. The machine may analyze the tires for forming to determine size of the tire and where to form the treads. An exemplary embodiment of the Tire Tread Former is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixWheel Turning System and Wheel AcceleratorWhen a vehicle turns, the steering wheel may control the front wheels and back wheels of the vehicle, where the front wheels turn in the direction of the steering wheel turn and the back wheels turn in the opposite direction of the steering wheel turn. The back wheels may turn with less of a degree than the front wheels. Different turn amounts of the steering wheel may have different turning degrees of the front wheels and back wheels. The turning of the back wheels may be selective to only turn for certain driving conditions, where the back wheels may turn actuated by a certain acceleration measurement of the steering wheel. This system may also be for 4 wheel drive cars, where when the vehicle turns the wheels on the opposite side of the turning direction may spin more quickly than the wheels on the turning direction side, where such a system may also be actuated by an acceleration measurement of the steering wheel, and be selective only for certain driving conditions. These systems may work simultaneously to improve the turning capabilities of the vehicle. Such a system may be for vehicle accident avoidance. The systems may be computer controlled. For autonomous vehicles the systems may be actuated by sensor measurements instead of by the acceleration of the steering wheel. An exemplary embodiment of the Wheel Turning System and Wheel Accelerator is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixWheel T rr-tfig System end Wheel AcceleratorReverse Front ano Sack Wheel Tinning Direction end Wheel Spinning Speerf For Other Turning DiraWWheels with Air PumpEach wheel on a vehicle may have an electric air pump on the exterior rim of the wheel within the tire with an air conduit to the exterior of the wheel to pump in air into the tire, where there may be a sensor that measures the air pressure within the tire and sends tire air pressure data to a computer which controls the air pump for that tire, automatically filling the tire with air, so that the driver does not need to fill the tires with air manually. The air conduit may be a valve that lets air in but not out. The valve may be located on the width of the rim of the wheel, or within the side walls of the tire. Such may result in safer driving. An exemplary embodiment of the Wheels with Air Pump is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixWheels with Air PumpHead AirbagsVehicles may have driver and passenger head airbags in the interior roof of the vehicle or interior sides of the vehicle which surround the head of the driver and passengers when the vehicle is in a collision. The head airbags may have 4 sides or be circular with a top airbag portion along the interior roof of the vehicle and an opening at the bottom for the person's head. Head airbags that are from the interior sides of the vehicle may deploy upwards over the diver’s head then move downwards to surround the driver’s head, or it may deploy to curve around the driver’s head reconnecting with the interior side of the vehicle, or may be in two parts that each curve around the diver’s head. The head airbag may also be in the seat or head rest of the seats. The head airbag may be similar to current vehicle airbags and use similar technology as current vehicle airbags. The head airbags may be deployed when sensors on the vehicle detect a collision. Such may improve vehicle safety. An exemplary embodiment of the Head Airbags is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixSeat AirbagsA vehicle may have driver and passenger seat airbags which are within the seats of the vehicle and surround the persons body when the vehicle is in a collision. The seat airbags may be in two portions on near the edges of the seats and overlap in the center over the persons body when deployed, or the seat airbags may be a single portion and surround the persons body starting from one side of the seat and going to the other side of the seat. The seat airbags may be similar to current vehicle airbags and use similar technology as current vehicle airbags. The seat airbags may be deployed when the sensors on the vehicle detect a collision. Such may improve vehicle safety. An exemplary embodiment of the Seat Airbags is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixVehicle ProtectorsA vehicle may move the hood of the engine of the vehicle rapidly over the windshield of the vehicle when the vehicle is in a collision to prevent debris from entering the cabin of the vehicle through the windshield. There may be metal shielding stored in the doors of the vehicle which raise rapidly to cover the windows of the vehicle when the vehicle is in a collision to prevent debris from entering the cabin of the vehicle through the windows. The top of the trunk of the vehicle may move rapidly to cover the rear glass of the vehicle when the vehicle is in a collision to prevent debris from entering the cabin of the vehicle through the rear glass. All the systems may work simultaneously to protect the driver and passengers of the vehicle and the systems may deploy the shielding elements when sensors on the vehicle detect a collision of the vehicle. The systems may be pneumatically actuated, hydraulically actuated, or actuated by another mechanical method. The systems may be computer controlled. Such may improve vehicle safety. An exemplary embodiment of the Vehicle Protectors is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixAutomatic HornFor vehicles approaching from the sides and and rear of a vehicle, a vision system or other system on the vehicle may identify approaching vehicles and honk the vehicle’s horn automatically to alert the approaching drivers when the system detects an impending collision. The system may be computer controlled. An exemplary embodiment of the Automatic Hom is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixVehicle CO2 Mister and Air Filtration SystemVehicles may have a sprayer in the exhaust system of the vehicle that mists a very small amount of water or another biodegradable chemical into the exhaust fumes of the vehicle, collecting the CO2 gas in the mist, then the mist with CO2 exits the exhaust system as droplets and the fumes exit without CO2 gas. The liquid may alternatively be recycled by the system with the exhaust system collecting the liquid after dispersion, where the liquid may further be filtered by a filtration system to remove CO2 particles from the liquid, the the filtered liquid may be reused for further CO2 collection. The filter may be a charcoal filter or other filter. The filter may be replaced after a time, alternatively the filter may be cleaned and reused. Alternatively, the liquid is not filtered and reused or reused then disposed of after time. The tank for the fluid may have a conduit that is next to the fuel conduit, where the fuel port may also fill the mister liquid tank, where there may be a selection button to select the filling location (fuel tank or mister tank) at the fuel port. The exhaust CO2 filter may be installed on existing vehicles as an aftermarket product or may be designed and manufactured for new vehicles. The CO2 filter may be installed over the exhaust, inserting filter systems into the exhaust and securing the filtration systems within the exhaust. Liquid conduits may attach to the inserted exhaust filtration system, through holes that are drilled into the exhaust pipe along the length of the exhaust pipe, where the liquid conduits may connect to the misters within the exhaust pipe at the holes and also connect to the liquid tank. Alternatively, the liquid tank may be filled from a port near the exhaust pipe exit or other location. There may be various number of misters within the exhaust system. The misters may be located on various sides of the exhaust pipe, and the fluid collection system may beAppendix opposite of the misters. The fluid collection system may be a vacuum and may be electric. The air from the exhaust may alternatively be vacuumed and filtered without fluid misters or with fluid misters, where the air may be vacuumed then sent through conduits through an air filtration system to remove the CO2, then the filtered air is released without CO2 or reduced CO2. Various air filtration systems may be used. The air filtration system may be replaced after time or cleaned and reused. Alternatively, the mister filter system and / or air filtration system may be located closer to the engine or within the engine and not in the exhaust system. The vacuum for the mist and / or air may be powered by the vehicle’s battery. There may be a tank for the liquid, and electric pumps may pump the liquid to the mister. The pumps may be powered by the vehicle’s battery. The mister may be electric. The misters may be powered by the vehicle’s battery. The exhaust system and liquid may be heated to best extract the CO2 gas. The heaters may be powered by the vehicle’s battery. Alternatively, the exhaust system and / or liquid are not heated. The exhaust system may have a sensor to measure the CO2 gas amount within the exhaust fumes and change the quantity of mist released depending on the measurement. The system may be computer controlled. There may be a conduit to the liquid tank and the tank may be refillable from the exterior of the vehicle. The liquid for the misters may be various types of liquid (e.g. water, etc). The mist may ideally be a very fine mist. Various volumes of fluid may be sprayed by the misters. An exemplary embodiment of the Vehicle CO2 Mister is shown in the figure directly below.\fehicte CC2 MisterAppendixCoal Plant CO2 Mister and Air Filtration SystemCoal electricity plants may have smoke stacks that funnel the coal smoke up then downwards and then misters may spray water or another biodegradable chemical into the smoke within the downwards portion of the smoke stack so that the CO2 gas collects in the mist and exits the smoke stack as droplets with the air exiting without CO2 gas. The misters may alternatively be along the vertical length of the smoke stack, and the smoke stack may not be not shaped downwards. The liquid may be collected by a vacuum after collecting the CO2 then reused, or filtered then reused, or reused then after time discarded. The system may additionally or alternatively have an air filtration system that vacuums the smoke and sends the smoke through an air filtration system to remove the CO2, then the filtered air is released. Various types of air filtration systems may be used. For the mist, when along the vertical length of the smoke stack, the mist may be sprayed over a membrane that is permeable to air (e.g. smoke) but impermeable to to liquid, so that the smoke may move through the membrane and the mist is sprayed onto the smoke over the membrane then is collected by the membrane and the fluid may be reused, filtered and reused, or discarded. The liquid sprayed into the smoke may be heated and the smoke stack may be heated at the area of the misters to best extract the CO2 gas. There may be a refillable tank for the liquid and an electric pump to pump the liquid to the misters. The misters may be electric. The system may be computer controlled. Various liquids may be used for the misters. The mist may ideally be very fine. The system may be installed on existing smoke stacks for coal plants, and / or installed for new coal plants. An exemplary embodiment of the Coal Plant CO2 Mister is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixMagnetic ChassisA vehicle's chassis may be magnetic along the interior core of the chassis, where the interior core of the chassis may be an attractive magnet to the metal surrounding it, attracting on all sides or other configuration so that the chassis is more rigid and may deform less in a collision, where the magnet may be an electromagnet and the electromagnet may be off during normal driving, then when sensors on the vehicle detect a collision of the vehicle the electromagnet rapidly turns on to fortify the chassis. Other metal on the vehicle may have a similar system. The magnets may be in various patterns and geometries within the chassis and metal of the vehicle. There may also be repelling magnets surrounding the chassis elements and metal of the vehicle. The magnet may be a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. The electromagnet may be on during normal driving to improve driving performance from a more rigid chassis. The vehicle's battery may supply electricity to the electromagnet. The system may be computer controlled. Such may improve vehicle safety. An exemplary embodiment of the Magnetic Chassis is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixMagnetic Chassis magnet)Magnetic Earthquake StabilizerBuildings may have magnetic fortification for the metal frame of the building, where the core of the interior of the metal for the frame of the building may be a permanent magnet or electromagnet, where the magnet may be an attracting magnet on all sides to the surrounding metal or other configuration. The magnets may be in various patterns and geometries within the metal fame. Such may make the frame of the building more rigid during earthquakes and prevent the building from swaying. The electromagnet may turn on only when sensors detect an earthquake. The magnets may also be on the exterior of the frame of the building on all sides and have a repelling force to the metal frame and / or interior magnet, pushing the metal in the opposite direction of the swaying of the building during an earthquake in intervals, calibrated by sensors. The system may be computer controlled. The system may use both fortification magnets and pushing magnets. An exemplary embodiment of the Magnetic Earthquake Stabilizer is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixMagnetic Earthquake Stabilizer FoundationThe foundation of a building may have very strong repelling electromagnets aligned, where during an earthquake the building decouples from its foundation and the electromagnets turn on so that the building is suspended on the electromagnets such that the earthquake wave does not affect the building. The electromagnets may have alignment electromagnets around the repelling magnets that attract but with weaker magnetic force than the repelling magnets to keep the building aligned with its foundation. The building may have tethering wires to secure the building to the ground when the electromagnets are on. After the earthquake, the electromagnets turn off and the building recouples with its foundation. The device would be actuated by sensors and would be computer controlled. An exemplary embodiment of the Magnetic Earthquake Stabilizer Foundation is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixMagrssj i;: Earthquake Stabilizer FoundationEarthquake ExpandersA building may have expanders connecting metal within its foundation which expand and move the metal frame of the building in intervals to counteract the swaying motion of the building in an earthquake, where there may be expanders on all sides of the building at the foundation and all the expanders may be aligned. The expanders may be calibrated by sensors and be computer controlled. The expanders may only work during an earthquake. The expanders may be pneumatically actuated, hydraulically actuated, or actuated by other mechanical methods. An exemplary embodiment of the Earthquake Expanders is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixEarthquake ExpandersMagnetic WireElectricity transfer wire (i.e. copper wires) may be coated on the exterior with a magnetic lining along the length of the wire to keep the electricity in the wire and prevent loss of electricity from transfer. The magnetic lining may be a repelling magnet facing the direction of the wire and surround the wire. Alternatively, the magnet may be at the core of the wire along the length of the wire and be an attracting magnet. Alternatively, there may be an attracting magnet at the core of the wire and a repelling magnet around the wire along the length of the wire. The magnet may be a permanent magnet. Alternatively, the magnet(s) may be an electromagnet and may be powered by the electricity in the wire. An exemplary embodiment of the Magnetic Wire is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixMagneto: WksElectricity Density BatteryRepelling magnets may surround copper in a shape (e.g. a cube of copper) where electricity enters the copper and is compressed by the magnets increasing the energy density of the electricity and creating a battery, where the magnets remain around the copper to preserve the battery, and electricity is extracted from the battery through a copper wire which is surrounded by an inverse cone magnet aligned with the other magnets which surround the copper shape. Electricity also may enter the copper shape through the copper wire when filling the battery. There may be an attracting magnet at the core of the battery. The magnets may be permanent magnets or electromagnets. The copper may be in various configurations, patterns, and geometries. Other conductive materials may be used for the shape. When filling the battery with electricity the electromagnets may have a stronger magnetic force than when preserving the electricity in the battery. The inverse cone electromagnet may alter its magnetic force to change the quantity of electricity that exits the battery. The electromagnets may be computer controlled. The electricity in the battery may supply electricity to the electromagnets. An exemplary embodiment of the Electricity Density Battery is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixPneumatic Engine and Air CompressorA engine may be actuated by pneumatic pistons, where timed compressed air bursts move the pistons within cylinders, where the pistons may be in a similar configuration as conventional combustion engines (e.g crank shaft, piston configuration and alignment, etc), where the engine may be connected to an electric air compressor which compresses air and sends the compressed air to the engine through conduits. Alternatively, each cylinder has an air compressor. There may be a tank for the compressed air and the compressed air may go from the tank to the engine and the compressed air may go from the air compressor to the tank. Alternatively, each cylinder may have a tank. The force of the compressed air bursts may be varied by the engine and the timing of the compressed air bursts may be varied to change the power output of the engine and speed of the vehicle or other device. The engine, tank, and air compressor may be computer controlled. The engine may be used for vehicles. The system may be supplied with electricity from a battery. An exemplary embodiment of the Pneumatic Engine and Air Compressor is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixPerpetual GeneratorAn electricity generator may have an electromagnet surrounding copper, where the copper is stationary and the current of the electromagnet is sent across the electromagnet in a moving fluctuating arrangement (e.g. a wave) altering the magnetic strength of the electromagnet in the moving fluctuating pattern, where because the current is moving in a pattern electrons are captured by the copper. There may be permanent magnets above and / or below the electromagnet, where the field of the electromagnet may alter the field of the permanent magnets allowing the copper to capture the electrons from the permanent magnets as well. Some of the electricity generated by the device may be used to supply electricity to the electromagnet. The device may be computer controlled. Such a device may replace batteries. Instead of an electromagnet, there may be a permanent magnet that has two magnets one perpendicular to the other, and the second magnet is in a wave shape, where the first magnet is at the end of the second magnet, where the field of the second magnet interacts with the field of the first magnet, where such allows for electrons to be captured by the copper. Exemplary embodiments of the Perpetual Generator is shown in the figures directly below.AppendixPerpetual GeneratorAppendixPerpetual GeneratorAn electricity generator may have copper wire and magnetic wire arranged together in spiral configuration, where the spiral of magnetic wire and copper wire is arranged in a circle and surrounded by a repelling magnet circle to the magnet wire, where the surrounding repelling magnet circle decreases in magnetic strength around the circle such that the change of magnetic force moves the magnet wire around in a circle and allows electrons to be captured by the copper wire from the surrounding magnet as the spiral circle moves. There may be many copper wire and magnet wire spirals arranged together. The copper wire and magnet wire may not be in a spiral configuration but be aligned. Instead of a decreasing magnetic strength magnet, the spiral may have repelling wedge magnets on the spiral circle with a surrounding repelling magnet circle to the faces of the wedge magnets, where the change of magnetic force on the wedge magnets spins the spiral circle, where there may not be magnet wire for this version, alternatively, the surrounding circle magnet has repelling wedge magnets facing inwards and the spiral has repelling spiral magnet wire to the wedge magnets. The magnets may be permanent magnets. The wedge magnets and wire magnets may be electromagnets. Some of the electricity generated by the device may be supplied to the electromagnets. Such a device may replace batteries and supply electricity to the grid. An exemplary embodiment of the Perpetual Generator is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixHeat Setting Construction SystemsA construction system may be molds for liquid metal (at room temperature) that are externally heated to set the liquid metal in the molds, where once set the metal remains rigid. Once set the molds are removed. There may also be a heat setting wood fluid, where wood powder and / or pieces are mixed with a heat setting binder (e.g. glue), where the wood fluid fills molds which are externally heated to set the wood fluid. Once set the molds are removed. Once set the wood remains rigid. Alternatively, the molds may provide the heat. Such may provide a stronger frame for buildings and may allow for faster construction, saving cost. The fluid could also be a mixture of wood, insulation, waterproofing materials, and a heat setting binder (e.g. glue), where the fluid sets with heat in molds to form a structural, insulative, and waterproofing material. There may also be sections of molds and each fluid (metal, wood, waterproofing, insulation, etc) is individually poured into its respective section and heated. The layers may be individually set,Appendix then the next layer is set and bonded to the previous layer, alternatively, all the layers are set together and the molds may be in sections. The fluid may be set with a setting agent which is mixed into the fluid where the molds may mix the fluid. Alternatively, the molds may set the fluid with an ultrasonic method or ultraviolet method. Such may provide rapid construction and save costs. The fluid(s) may be poured around pipes for plumbing, electrical wiring, and conduits for air conditioning and heating. Each may not degrade with heat. An exemplary embodiment of the Heat Setting Construction Systems is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixAngled GearsGears may be configured at an angle each gear having semi circle gear teeth, where the angle of each gear may change while still turning the gears. Two gears with quarter circle gear teeth may fit at an angle with a gear with semi circle gear teeth, where the angle of each of the two gears with quarter circle gear teeth may change. An exemplary embodiment of the Angled Gears is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixCircular Gear TeethGears may have circular gear teeth with cone shapes between the circles, where the cone base is connected to the circle and the point of each cone connects. The cones may also curve inwardsAppendix around the cone. Such may allow for two gears to have various connection angles close to 360 degrees. The gears may change their angle while turning. An exemplary embodiment of the Circular Gear Teeth is shown in the figure directly below.Foldable Laptops and TabletsLaptop computers and tablets may be foldable in 4 or more sections horizontally and vertically so that they can fit in a user's pocket. When unfolded they may be used. The computing components in each of the sections of the device may be connected through the fold. The top external fold of the laptop or tablet may be a smartphone, where the user can use the smartphoneAppendix without unfolding the device. The smartphone may use the computing components of the device that are used for the laptop or tablet. Each of the folds may have a hinge. An exemplary embodiment of the Foldable Laptops and Tablets is shown in the figure directly below.Wireless Electricity NetworkElectronic devices may connect to a wireless electricity network similar to a Wi-Fi network, where the device detects an available network and the device connects to the wireless electricity network (e.g. paying a fee, or subscription), where the device has a battery and the wireless electricity network charges the device’s battery and / or powers the device. There may be local wireless electricity transmitters at different locations that each have a network. The networks of the wireless electricity transmitters may overlap at the edge of the network. Connecting to a wireless electricity transmitter may allow the device to automatically connect to other wireless electricity transmitters by that carrier when in the locations of the other wireless electricity transmitters. Various wireless electricity transmission systems may be used (e.g. Radio Frequency (RF) Wireless Power Transfer, Inductive Wireless Power Transfer, Inductive Resonant Wireless Power Transfer, Capacitive Wireless Power Transfer, Ultrasound (Electro-Mechanical) Wireless Power Transfer, Laser Wireless Power Transfer, or Electric Vehicle (EV) WirelessAppendixPower Transfer, etc). An exemplary embodiment of the Wireless Electricity Network is shown in the figure directly below.Gas CylinderAn electricity device may be a tall airtight cylinder with helium or other lighter than air gas (e.g. hydrogen, neon, nitrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, water vapor, hydrogen fluoride, acetylene, etc) inserted at the bottom of the cylinder within the cylinder, where the gas may rise in the cylinder, and there may be a turbine fan(s) spaced apart on a rod within the cylinder, where the rod may connect the turbine fan(s) and the rod may be located through the center of the cylinder from top to bottom, where the turbine fan(s) may span the width of the cylinder. As the gas rises, the turbine fan(s) may spin from the movement of the rising gas within the cylinder. The turbine fan(s) may spin the rod, and the rod may be connected to a generator to spin the generator from the spinning rod. There may be a gas collection device at the top of the cylinder, and hose(s) that run along the exterior of the cylinder from the top of the cylinder to the bottom of the cylinder, where the gas may be pumped by a pump(s) from the gas collection device at the top of the cylinder through the hose(s) and the gas may be reinserted within the cylinder at the bottom of the cylinder from the hose(s) in a continuous cycle. Alternatively, the gas may be released from the top of the cylinder and new gas may be pumped into the cylinder at the bottom. Some of the electricity produced by the generator may be used to power the pump(s), where the excess electricity may be used for various purposes, such as to supply electricity to the utility grid. TheAppendix device may have a battery to power the pump(s) during a start-up period of the device, where some of the electricity produced by the generator may be used to charge the battery. The turbine fan blades may be angled and / or curved. There may be 2-5,000 turbine fan blades on each turbine fan. The cylinder may be 0.05-5,000 feet tall and the cylinder may be 0.05-5,000 feet wide. There may be 1-100,000 turbine fan(s) on the rod. The device may be controlled by a computer and software. The gas collection device may be powered by the battery during the start-up period of the device and the gas collection device may be powered by the generator after the start-up period of the device. The gas may be inserted through hose(s) with holes or valves in them along the bottom of the cylinder within the interior of cylinder, where the hose(s) may run across the bottom of the cylinder next to each other, or the hose(s) may be arranged into a circle or other shapes. There may be multiple or many rods (e.g. 2-1,000) spaced apart from each other within the interior of the cylinder arranged in a shape (e.g. circle, etc) or randomly arranged in relation to each other each with turbine fan(s) along the length of each rod where the turbine fan(s) may be spaced apart along the length of each rod equidistantly, where each rod may be connected to a generator, and each rod may spin from the spinning of the turbine fan(s) on each rod from the movement of the rising gas within the cylinder. An exemplary embodiment of the Gas Cylinder is shown in the figure directly below.Metal Particle Movement MagnetAppendixAn electricity generating device may have a magnet spaced above the ground, and below the magnet there may be a metal particle releasing system which may be the same width and length as the magnet, where there may be holes spaced apart through the metal particle releasing system where the holes may open and close mechanically, where metal particles may be inserted through the holes of the metal particle releasing system and the metal particles may be attracted upwards to the magnet above, where there may be a turbine fan(s) or blades on a rod through the center of the magnet from the magnet to the ground, where the turbine fan(s) may spin from the rising movement of the metal particles and movement of the air from the rising metal particles through the turbine fan(s). There may be a metal particle collection device which may remove the metal particles from the magnet continuously or in phases, where the metal particle collection device may remove the metal particles to one side of the magnet then drop the metal particles to the ground where the metal particles may be reinserted into the metal particle releasing system, where the process may repeat. The rod may be attached to a generator to spin the generator from the spinning of the turbine fan(s) on the rod. Some of the electricity produced by the generator may be used to power the metal particle collection system and the metal particle releasing system, where the excess electricity may be used for various purposes, such as to supply electricity to the utility grid. The device may have a battery to supply electricity to the metal particle collection device and metal particle releasing system during a start up period of the device, where some of the electricity produced by the generator may be used to supply electricity to the battery. The device may be controlled by a computer and software. The turbine fan(s) blades may be angled and / or curved. The turbine fan(s) may have 2-1,000 turbine fan blades on each turbine fan. There may be 1-10,000 turbine fan(s) spaced apart on the rod connected to the rod where the turbine fans may be spaced apart equidistantly. The magnet above may be an electromagnet and the electromagnet may be powered by the battery during the start up period of the device, and the electromagnet may be powered by the generator after the start up period of the device. When the device uses an electromagnet, the electromagnet may shut on and off in a cycle and allow the metal particles to drop to the ground when the electromagnet is shut off, then the electromagnet may turn back on attracting the metal particles and spinning the turbine fan(s), where such may occur in a repeated process, and where the metal particle collection device may not be needed. The magnet above may be a permanent magnet. The device may be enclosed in a cylinder and filled with a fluid such as water, where the movement of the metal particles may move the fluid and spin the turbine fan(s) from the raising movement of the metal particles and the raising movement of the fluid. The device may be 0.0001-5,000 feet tall and the device may be 0.0001-5,000 feet wide. There may be multiple or many rods (e.g. 2-3,000) extending to the ground from the magnet above where each rod may have turbine fan(s) and the rods may each be connected to a generator, where the rods may be arranged in a shape or randomly arranged in relation to each other. The metal particles may be magnet particles of the attracting polarity to the magnet above. The metal particles or magnet particles may be very small between 0.0001 -20mm. There may be many metal particles used for the device. When the metal particles are magnet particles there may be a magnet of the repelling polarity to the magnet particles on the ground facing upwards, with corresponding holes in the repelling magnet to the particle releasing system. The repelling magnet may be a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. When theAppendix repelling magnet is an electromagnet, the battery may supply electricity to it during the start up period of the device, and the generator may supply electricity to the repelling electromagnet after the start up period of the device. There may be a grid magnet(s), which may be a permanent magnet(s) or electromagnet(s) between the top magnet above and the ground, where the grid magnet(s) may be facing the ground attracting the metal particles or magnet particles. There may be multiple or many grid magnet levels (e.g. 2-5,000) between the top magnet above and the ground and the grid magnets may all be the same magnetic polarity facing the ground. The grid magnet(s) may have holes through the grid magnet(s) allowing the metal particles to pass through them. The grid magnet(s) may have a layer on the upwards facing side of the grid magnet to prevent the opposite polarity side of the magnet from attracting the metal particles or magnet particles to the upwards facing side. Such grid magnet(s) may allow the distance between the ground and the top magnet to be greater and may allow more turbine fans to be used, producing more electricity by the generator. When the grid magnet(s) are electromagnets the battery may supply electricity to the grid electromagnet(s) during the start up period of the device, and the generator may supply electricity to the grid electromagnet(s) after the start up period of the device. The grid magnet(s) may be spaced apart between the top magnet above and the ground equidistantly from each other. There may be grid a magnet collection device(s) on each grid magnet which may move the metal particles or magnet particles off each grid magnet, pushing the metal particles or magnet particles to one side of each grid magnet portion, allowing the metal particles or magnet particles to pass through the holes of each grid magnet and be attracted to the next grid magnet above or to the top magnet above. The grid magnet collection device(s) may be powered by the battery during the start up period of the device, and the grid magnet collection device(s) may be powered by the generator after the start up period of the device. When the grid magnet is an electromagnet, the grid electromagnet(s) may turn off after attracting the metal particles or magnet particles to allow the metal particles or magnet particles to pass through the holes of the grid electromagnet(s), allowing the metal particles or magnet particles to be attracted to the next grid electromagnet above or top magnet above, where the grid electromagnets may shut off in series from bottom to top, and after the metal particles or magnet particles pass through each grid electromagnet each grid electromagnet may turn on again. When the grid magnet(s) is an electromagnet(s), the grid magnet collection device(s) may not be needed. An exemplary embodiment of the Metal Particle Movement Magnet is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixV Ring Magnet and Triangle Ring Magnet, Diamond Ring Magnet, or Star Ring MagnetAn electricity generating device may have a V ring magnet with a triangle ring magnet aligned and on top of the V ring magnet, where the polarities of the triangle ring magnet and V ring magnet may be repelling facing each other, where the triangle ring magnet may be suspended above the V ring magnet by magnetic forces, where the V ring magnet may have decreasing magnetic strength gradually around the V ring magnet circle to the starting magnetic strength location in one complete gradation in 360 degrees around the V ring magnet circle, and where the triangle ring magnet may spin in the decreasing magnetic strength direction around the V ring magnet from less resistance. The V ring magnet may be fixed to not move and the triangle ring magnet may spin freely. The triangle ring magnet may be connected to a motor to spin the triangle ring magnet during a start up period of the device, where once the triangle ring magnet is spinning the motor may stop and the triangle magnet ring may continue to spin from the magnetic forces. The triangle ring magnet may be fixed to not move up or down. The angle of the sides of the triangle ring magnet and the sides of the V ring magnet may be the same. The triangle ring magnet may be connected to a rod at the center of the triangle ring magnet with supports connected to the triangle ring magnet from the rod to spin the triangle ring magnet from the motor which may be connected to the rod, and the rod may be connected to a generator to spin the generator from the spinning of the triangle ring magnet. Instead of changing the strength of the V ring magnet, the V ring magnet may change the thickness of the magnet and may be the same strength magnet around the V ring magnet circle, where the thickness of the V ring magnet may decrease gradually around the V magnet ring circle in one complete interval in 360 degrees. Alternatively, the V ring magnet may decrease in thickness of the magnet and also decrease inAppendix magnetic strength around the V ring magnet circle in the same direction in one complete interval for each around the V ring magnet circle in 360 degrees. The V ring magnet may be connected to itself forming a circle and the triangle ring magnet may be connected to itself forming a circle. The device may have a battery to power the motor during a start up period of the device, where some of the electricity produced by the generator may be used to charge the battery. Some of the electricity produced by the generator may be used to power the motor, where the excess electricity produced by the generator may be used for various purposes, such as to supply electricity to the utility grid. The device may be controlled by a computer and software. Alternatively, the magnet strength and / or thickness of the V ring magnet may be uniform around the V ring magnet circle and the triangle ring magnet may gradually change in magnetic strength and / or thickness of the magnet around the triangle ring magnet circle in one complete gradation in 360 degrees around the circle, spinning the triangle ring magnet. The triangle ring magnet may alternatively be a diamond shape around the diamond ring magnet circle and both sides of the diamond ring magnet may be the same height and angle of the sides of the diamond ring magnet, where there may be a V ring magnet above and below the diamond ring magnet, suspending the diamond ring magnet between the two V ring magnets, where both V ring magnets may be fixed to not move, and the diamond ring magnet may be fixed to not move up or down, and the V ring magnets may have the same gradation of change in thickness of each magnet and / or the same gradation of change in magnetic strength. Alternatively, the V ring magnets may be uniform in strength and thickness of the magnets, and the diamond ring magnet may decrease in magnetic strength and / or thickness of the magnet around the diamond ring magnet circle in one gradation interval in 360 degrees around the diamond ring magnet circle. Alternatively, the triangle ring magnet may be a star ring magnet with various numbers of points (e.g. 3-50 points) and the sides leading to each point of the star may be the same distance and angle, where there may be V ring magnets positioned around each point and sides of the star ring magnet, where the star ring magnet may be suspended between the V ring magnets and fixed not to move up or down, where the V ring magnets may all have the same gradation in magnetic strength and / or gradation of thickness of the magnets around the circle in one interval in 360 degrees around the circle, where the spinning of the star ring magnet may spin a generator. Alternatively, the V ring magnets may be uniform in strength and thickness of the magnets, and the star ring magnet may decrease in magnetic strength and / or thickness of the magnet around the circle in one gradation interval in 360 degrees around the star ring magnet circle. There may be multiple or many levels (e.g. 2-5,000) of V ring magnets and corresponding triangle ring magnets, diamond ring magnets, or star ring magnets in series aligned on top of each other, where the triangle ring magnets, diamond ring magnets, or star ring magnets may spin a common rod and common generator, and a common motor may spin the triangle ring magnets, diamond ring magnets, or star ring magnets during a start up period of the device. The V ring magnets of the levels may all be the same size, angle of the sides of the V ring magnets, gradation of magnet thickness and / or gradation or magnetic strength, and magnetic strength, and the levels of triangle ring magnets, diamond ring magnets, or star ring magnets may all be the same size, angle of the sides, gradation of magnet thickness and / or gradation or magnetic strength, and magnetic strength. The V magnet ring(s) and triangle ring magnet(s), diamond ring magnet(s), or star ring magnet(s) may be electromagnets, and some of the electricity produced by the generator may power the V magnetAppendix ring electromagnet(s) and triangle ring electromagnet(s), diamond ring electromagnet(s), or star ring electromagnet(s). The V ring magnet(s), diamond ring magnet(s), star ring magnet(s) may be permanent magnets. The V ring magnet(s), diamond ring magnet(s), or star ring magnet(s) may have a diameter of between 0.05-5,000 feet. The V ring magnet(s), triangle ring magnet(s), diamond ring magnet(s), and star ring magnet(s) may be other shapes. The triangle ring magnet, diamond ring magnet, or star ring magnet may be connected to a rod which spins a generator from the spinning of the triangle ring magnet, diamond ring magnet, or star ring magnet and the sam rod may be connected to the motor to spin the triangle ring magnet, diamond ring magnet, or star ring magnet during the start up period of the device. An exemplary embodiment of the V Ring Magnet and Triangle Ring Magnet, Diamond Ring Magnet, or Star Ring Magnet is shown in the figure directly below.Expanding and Contracting Centripetal SphereAn electricity device may be a sphere with many weighted expanding and contracting portions around the entire surface area of the sphere, where the sphere may be connected to a rod at its midpoint which may be connected to a motor to spin the sphere, where the sphere may begin at its largest size then after it spins from the rod and motor the weighted expanding and contracting portions of the sphere contract and move inwards towards the center of the sphere reducing the size of the sphere and causing the sphere to spin faster from centripetal forces, where the rod may be connected to a generator to spin the generator from the spinning of the sphere as it reduces in size. Once the sphere is at its smallest size and the sphere may still be spinning, the weighted expanding and contracting portions may expand from the centripetal forces of the spinning sphere, where the device may allow the weighted expanding and contracting portions toAppendix expand freely moving outwards away from the center of the sphere increasing the size of the sphere back to its largest starting size. Then the process repeats. After a start up period, the motor may not be needed to spin the rod and sphere. The sphere may be light except for the weighted expanding and contracting portions to reduce power requirements to spin the sphere. There may be actuating device(s) within the interior of the sphere to contract and move the weighted expanding and contracting portions inwards towards the center of the sphere, which may change the size of the sphere. The actuating device(s) may receive electricity from the generator or battery. The device may have a battery to power the actuating device(s) and motor during a start up period of the device, where some of the electricity produced by the generator may be supplied to charge the battery. Some of the electricity produced by the generator may be used to supply electricity to the actuating device(s) and motor, and the excess electricity produced by the generator may be used for various purposes, such as to supply electricity to the utility grid. The device may be controlled by a computer and software. The weighted expanding and contracting portions may each overlap as the sphere reduces in size, or the weighted expanding and contracting portions may each become more narrow on the surface of the sphere as the sphere reduces in size, and the weighted expanding and contracting portions may each become more wide as the sphere increases in size. The sphere may have a starting diameter of 0.1-5,000 feet and may have an ending diameter of 0.001-2,000 feet. There may be multiple or many spheres (e.g. 2-5000) on a common rod that spin a common generator, where each sphere may expand and contract at the same time and be the same size and weight. The device may be controlled by a computer and software. An exemplary embodiment of the Expanding and Contracting Centripetal Sphere is shown in the figure directly below.Friction Wheel and SpheresAppendixAn electricity generating device may have a wheel that encloses a box on the outside of the wheel, where the wheel has a width and the box aligns to and is the same width of the wheel and the wheel and box may be touching on all sides of the box, where the wheel may enclose the box on the bottom side of the box, top side of the box, left side of the box, and right side of the box, where there may be a small opening around the circumference of the wheel box enclosure on one side of the box, left or right side of the box, where the box may be formed to the full circumference of the wheel, where the wheel may spin with its wheel box enclosure around the box and the box may spin in the opposite direction of the wheel or the box may be stationary. The box may be thin (e.g. 0.0001-10 feet thickness) and may hold a fluid within the box such as water, where the fluid may fill the box completely. A motor may spin the wheel and a motor may spin the box in the opposite direction of the wheel, where as the wheel spins and the box spins friction may be generated between the touching materials of the wheel box enclosure and box and the liquid in the box may heat. The wheel box enclosure and box may be made of solid, rubber, silver, aluminum, platinum, cast iron, copper, iron, or other materials. There may be a thermometer in the box to measure the temperature of the fluid in the box, where the thermometer may send data to a computer and software which may send instructions to pump(s) to pump the fluid into or out of the box. The fluid may exit and enter the box in a cycle, where there may be fluid conduits that enter the box and exit the box with pump(s) attached to the fluid conduits, to pump the heated fluid to a generator, and pump the cooled fluid after the generator back into the box. The fluid conduits may be located at the opening on the wheel box enclosure on one side of the box, left side or right side of the box. The heated fluid may produce steam to run a steam generator and produce electricity. Some of the electricity produced by the steam generator may be used to power the wheel motor and box motor, the excess electricity may be used for various purposes, such as to power the utility grid. The device may have a battery and some of the electricity produced by the steam generator may be used to charge the battery, where the battery may be used for a start-up period to power the wheel motor and the box motor. The device may be controlled by a computer and software. The wheel may be various diameters (e.g. 0.001-3000 feet). The wheel may be various widths (e.g. 0.001-1000 feet). There may be a series of levels of boxes and wheel box enclosures stacked on top of each other aligned on a single wheel, where one motor may turn all the wheel box enclosures and one motor may turn all the boxes, where all wheel box enclosures may spin at the same speed, and all boxes may spin at the same speed, where all the boxes may be the same thickness, where the heated fluid of the boxes may power a common generator. There may be various levels of boxes and wheel box enclosures (e.g. 2- 5000) on a single wheel. The same motor may spin the wheel and box(es), where gears may change the direction of the power from the motor for the wheel or box(es) so they spin in opposite directions to each other. There may also be fluid within the wheel box enclosure(s) which heats from friction between the wheel box enclosure(s) and box(es) and which may be pumped to a steam generator when heated to produce electricity. There may be a thermometer within the wheel box enclosure(s), and fluid conduits into and out of the wheel box enclosure(s) that send heated fluid to a generator and cooled fluid into the wheel box enclosure(s). Having multiple levels of boxes and wheel box enclosures on a single wheel may be ideal for using fluid holding wheel box enclosures and boxes, as the wheel box enclosures may be touching boxes on both sides of each wheel box enclosure except for the most interior and most exterior wheel boxAppendix enclosure, where such arrangement of layers may generate more friction. There may be stationary walls on both sides of the wheel to generate friction with the outside faces of the wheel box enclosure(s) when the wheel box enclosure(s) holds a fluid, where the two walls may be touching the wheel box enclosure(s) on each side, and where the walls may be made of solid, rubber, silver, aluminum, platinum, cast iron, copper, iron, or other materials. The material for the box(es) and wheel box enclosure(s) may be thin to increase heat transfer from the material to the fluid within and reduce weight and power requirements to spin the wheel and box(es). The wheel may be light to reduce power requirements to spin the wheel. The wheel may be formed of rods in the interior of the wheel from the center of the wheel to the wheel box enclosure to reduce weight and reduce power requirements to spin the wheel. The wheel and box may spin quickly to increase friction of the wheel box enclosure(s) and box(es). There may be insulation around the wheel and wheel box enclosure(s) to thermally insulate the heat. The battery of the device may power the pump(s) during a start up period of the device. Some of the electricity produced by the generator may be used to power the pump(s). The wheel may spin on a rod at the center of the wheel, and the rod may be connected to a motor. The wheel, wheel box enclosure(s), and box(es) may alternatively be spheres, which may increase the surface area and generate more friction. The box may be separated into many narrow box portions aligned next to each other where each box portion may have a wheel box enclosure on all sides of the box portion to increase the friction surface area and reduce energy requirements to heat the fluid. All the box portions may be connected on the edge of one side of the box portions, the top side or the bottom side. The device may be controlled by a computer and software. A rod may connect the wheel to the generator at the center of the wheel. An exemplary embodiment of the Friction Wheel and Spheres is shown in the figure directly below.Bubble Cylinder and Turbine Fan(s)AppendixAn electricity generating device may be a tall cylinder filled with water or other fluid with a rod that may extend through the center of the cylinder with turbine fan(s) which may attach to the rod spaced apart along the length of the rod, where there may be a bubble forming device at the bottom of the cylinder within the water or other fluid which may be connected to a fan on the exterior of the cylinder to pump air into the bubble forming device. The bubble forming device may be a circular hose with holes in it where the holes may be spaced apart around the length of the circular hose, or alternatively there may be many hoses with holes in them along the length of the hoses that run across the bottom of the cylinder next to each other to form bubbles. The bubble forming device may be other shapes. The turbine fan(s) may spin from the rising bubbles and rising movement of the fluid or water along the length of the cylinder, and the turbine fan(s) may turn the rod which may be connected to a generator, where some of the electricity produced by the generator may be used to power the fan for the bubbles, and the excess electricity produced by the generator may be used for the utility grid. The device may have a battery to power the fan for the bubbles during a start-up period of the device, where some of the electricity produced by the generator may be used to charge the battery. The device may be controlled by a computer and software. The cylinder may be 0.05-5,000 feet tall. There may be 1-100,000 turbine fans within the cylinder. The cylinder may be 0.05-2,000 feet wide. The turbine fans may span the width of the cylinder. The turbine fan blades may be angled and / or curved. There may be many fan blades (e.g. 2-5,000) on each turbine fan. There may be multiple or many rods (e.g. 2-1,000) spaced apart from each other within the interior of the cylinder arranged in a shape (e.g. circle, etc) or randomly arranged in relation to each other each with turbine fan(s) along the length of each rod where the turbine fan(s) may be spaced apart along the length of each rod equidistantly, where each rod may be connected to a generator, and each rod may spin from the spinning of the turbine fan(s) on each rod from the movement of the rising bubbles within the cylinder. The device may be controlled by a computer and software. An exemplary embodiment of the Bubble Cylinder and Turbine Fan(s) is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixAlternating Polarity Magnet WheelsAn electricity generating device may have two wheels level with the ground that each have alternating polarity magnets around the circumference of each wheel, where the wheels may be positioned closely together and the wheels may be spaced apart, where the alternating polarity magnets of each wheel may be positioned next to each other touching along the circumference of each wheel, where magnets of each wheel may align to the other wheel’s magnets to attracting polarities and then repelling polarities in series, alternatively the wheels may be staggered so that half of the repelling polarity magnet on one wheel aligns to half of an attracting polarity magnet on the other wheel in series. The wheels may not be able to spin backwards to prevent the wheels from changing their alignment, and each may use a ratchet. The wheels may be also positioned staggered in relation to each other wheel, where one wheel may be positioned out of alignment with the center of the other wheel. Such arrangement of the wheels and magnets on the wheels may continue to attract the next half or full attracting polarity magnet of the magnet of the opposite wheel, spinning the wheels. Where each wheel may be attached to a rod at the center of each wheel which may turn from a motor to spin each wheel during a start up period of theAppendix wheels, where the rod of each wheel may be attached to a generator to spin the generator from the spinning of the wheel after the start up period. After the wheels start to spin from the motors, the wheels may continue to spin from the attracting and repelling alignment of the magnets on each wheel. The device may have a battery and some of the electricity produced by the generator may be used to charge the battery, where the battery may power the motor during the start up period of the device. Electricity produced from the generator may be used for various purposes, such as to supply electricity to the utility grid. The device may be controlled by a computer and software. The alternating polarity magnets along the circumference of each wheel may be very narrow having a width between 0.00001-3 feet. The wheels may have a diameter of 0.1-5,000 feet. The magnets of the wheels may be permanent magnets or electromagnets. When the magnets of the wheels are electromagnets, some of the electricity produced by the generators may be used to power the electromagnets of the wheels. One wheel may be positioned at an angle relative to the other wheel, so the attracting magnets attract along the length of the angled attracting magnets, spinning the wheels. Alternatively, both wheels may be positioned at an opposite angle to the other wheel. When there is only one angled wheel, the level wheel may only have attracting polarity magnets in relation to half of the angled wheel’s magnets around the circumference of the level wheel, and only the angled wheel may spin, where the level wheel may be fixed to not move. When there is one angled magnet and one level magnet, on the angled wheel each attracting magnet may have gradually increasing strength from bottom to top along the length of the individual magnets, and each repelling magnet may have gradually increasing strength from top to bottom along the length of the individual magnets. Both wheels may be level to each other, and the first wheel may have all attracting magnets relative to half of the second wheel's magnets and the first wheel may be fixed to not move, where the second wheel may have attracting and repelling magnets in relation to the first wheel's magnet(s) in series where each magnet of the second wheel may be at an angle along the circumference of the second wheel and the attracting magnets of the second wheel may have gradually increasing strength from bottom to top along the length of the individual magnets, and each repelling magnet on the second wheel may have gradually increasing strength from top to bottom along the length of the individual magnets, where the second wheel spins. Multiple or many wheels (e.g. 2-1000) for each wheel may be stacked on top of each other aligned, where the multiple or many wheels of each wheel may spin a common generator. Both wheels may instead be spheres. An exemplary embodiment of the Alternating Polarity Magnet Wheels is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixTwo Directional Centripetal Rod and CordsAn electricity generating device may have many cords around a rod, where the cords may each have a weight attached to the end of each cord, where the cords may have length within the interior or exterior of the rod, where the rod may spin from a motor, and as the rod spins the cords and weights may be pulled outwards and extend outwards from the centripetal forces of the spinning rod, where the cords may be attached to a generator(s) to spin the generator(s) as the cords are pulled outwards. Once the cords are fully extended the cords may be pulled in by a motor, where such pulling in of the cords and weights may make the rod spin faster from the centripetal forces of pulling the cords with weights in, where the spinning of the rod from pulling the cords and weights in may spin a generator connected to the rod to produce electricity. Once the rod is accelerated, the motor spinning the rod for the cord extension period may stop. Some of the electricity produced from the cords generator(s) and rod generator may be used to power the motor to spin the rod and / or power the motor to pull the cords in, where the excess electricity produced by the generators may be used for various purposes, such as to supply electricity to the utility grid. The device may have a battery to power the cords motor(s) and rod motor during a start up period of the device, where some of the electricity produced from the rod generator and cords generator(s) may be used to charge the battery. The device may be automated by a computer and software. There may be many cords and weights around the rod, spaced equidistantly from each other (e.g 2-5000 cords and weights). The cords may be located on theAppendix rod every .0001-180 degrees around the rod. The rod may be wide (e.g. 0.001-50 feet in diameter) to make room for the many cords. Each cord may be long (e.g. 0.2-3000 feet long). The weight on each cord may start out touching the rod when the cords are pulled in fully, and then the cords may fully extend, then when the cords are pulled in the weights may end touching the rod again. There may be multiple or many levels of cords and weights spaced apart along the length of the rod. There may be 1-5000 discrete levels of cords and weights along the length of the rod. Each level of cords and weights along the length of the rod may extend and pull in at the same time. The weights and length of the cords for each level may be the same. The cords may alternatively be wires. An exemplary embodiment of the Two Directional Centripetal Rod and Cords is shown in the figure directly below.Centripetal Flange DiscAn electricity generating device may have a disc that flanges upwards on one side of the disc and flanges downwards on the opposite side of the disc, where the disc may be attached to a rod, where the two inverse flanges may be directly opposite each other on the disc, where the disc may be weighted on the upwards flange on one side of the disc and weighted on the downwardsAppendix flange on the other side of the disc, where the disc may tilt freely on the rod around the rod on all sides. A motor may spin the rod and as the disc spins it may tilt upwards and downwards around the rod from the centripetal and gravitational forces on the upwards flange and downwards flange of the disc, where the upwards movement of the disc and the downwards movement of the disc may be harnessed to spin a generator(s). Some of the electricity produced by the generator(s) may be used to power the motor to spin the rod. The device may have a battery which it may use to power the motor during a start up period of the device, and some of the electricity produced by the generator(s) may be supplied to the battery. On the disc there may be two vertical rods one each side of the disc, 4 vertical rods in total, or only 2 vertical rods, that extend from the edge of the disc downwards or upwards, where there may be a perpendicular rod touching each vertical rod that connects temporarily to each vertical rod, where each vertical rod and perpendicular rod may have corresponding threads so that the movement of the vertical rods spins the perpendicular rods, where the vertical rods may have threads along the length of the vertical rods on and near the attachment to the perpendicular rods, where one vertical rod on each side spins its corresponding perpendicular rod on the tilting up motion of the disc, and the other vertical rod on each side spins its corresponding perpendicular rod on the tilting down motion of the disc, where each vertical rod may detach from its corresponding perpendicular rod on one motion, down or up of the disc, and each vertical rod may reattach to its corresponding perpendicular rod on the other motion, where each of the two vertical rods on each side of the disc may attach and detach to its corresponding perpendicular rod for the opposite motion, where each perpendicular rod may spin a generator from the spinning of the perpendicular rod. The vertical rods may not spin with the disc and may slide around the disc. On each opposite side of the disc attached to the edge of the disc there may be two vertical rods each with perpendicular rods attaching to generators. The vertical rods may each have a hinge at their attachment point to the disc that slides around the disc so they may not tilt with the disc as the disc tilts but each vertical rod may stay perpendicular to the ground and stay stationary in the left and right direction perpendicular to the ground. Alternatively, there may only be two vertical rods on the disc each with corresponding perpendicular rods. The device may be automated by a computer and software. The disc may be light with the exception of the upwards flange and downwards flange of the disc to reduce power requirements to spin the disc, or the upwards flange and downwards flange of the disc may also be relatively light. The disc may be thin except for the upwards flange and downwards flange to reduce power requirements to spin the disc, or the upwards flange and downwards flange may also be thin. The disc may be 0.05-3000 feet in diameter. The upwards flange may ascend 0.05-500 feet above the midpoint of the disc and the downwards flange may descend 0.05-500 feet below the midpoint of the disc. The upwards flange and downwards flange of the disc may define an area on the interior of the disc in addition to an area on the edge of the disc, or the upwards flange and downwards flange may only define an area on the edge of the disc. The disc may tilt freely up to 180 degrees around all sides of the rod. The area below the upwards flange may be hollow or filled and the area above the downwards flange may be hollow or filled. There may be multiple or many levels of discs with upwards flanges and downwards flanges spaced apart on a single rod that may all move upwards and downwards together at the same time and may be connected to the same vertical rods and perpendicular rods, where the discs may be the same diameter, weight, thickness, and have theAppendix same size and weight upwards flanges and downwards flanges. An exemplary embodiment of the Centripetal Flange Disc is shown in the figure directly below.Circle Aligned Gravity WheelsAn electricity generating system may be a series of wheels that hold water, fluid, granular solids, or weights where the wheels may be arranged in a circle configuration, where the wheels in the circle may align front to back around the circle, where the wheels may have holding and emptying containers for the water, fluid, granular solids, or weights attached to each wheel which hold the water, fluid, granular solids, or weights when they are received from the previous wheel in the circle until the containers are emptied at the midpoint on the other side of each wheel after a half rotation of each wheel, or the wheels may have attaching and releasing systems for weights. After a one half rotation of each wheel from the receiving point or attachment point to the emptying point or release point, the wheels containers may empty the water, fluid, or granular solids, into the next wheel’s container at the midpoint of next wheel, or the attaching and releasing system of each wheel releases the weight at the midpoint and the next wheel’s attaching and releasing system attaches the weight at the midpoint of the wheel. As each wheel receives and holds the water, fluids, granular solids, or weight the wheels turn from gravity. EachAppendix wheel may each be connected to a generator where the spinning of each wheel may spin each generator. Each wheel may have a motor to raise the water, fluids, granular solids, or weight all the way to the midpoint of each wheel, where the momentum of each wheel from gravity may raise the water, fluids, granular solids, or weight most of the way to the midpoint of each wheel, and the motor may raise the water, fluids, granular solids, or weight all the way to the midpoint on each wheel. Some of the electricity generated by each spinning wheel may be used to power each wheel’s motor, where the excess electricity of each wheel’s generator may be used for various purposes, such as to supply electricity to the utility grid. Each wheel may have a battery to power each wheel’s motor on the start up of each wheel, where some of the electricity generated by each wheel’s generator may supply electricity to each wheel’s battery. The wheels may be automated by a computer and software. The wheels may accelerate and may not need to use each wheel's motor after a start up period. An exemplary embodiment of the Circle Aligned Gravity Wheels is shown in the figure directly below.Slanted Moving Portions VortexAppendixAn electricity generating device may mimic a liquid vortex by having many moving slanted portions around a cylinder that move downwards on the interior of the cylinder, and upwards on the exterior of the cylinder, where the width of the cylinder may change on the interior of the cylinder where it may be wider at the top of the interior of the cylinder and may gradually become less wide at the bottom of the interior of the cylinder. The exterior of the cylinder may be uniform, staying 90 degrees perpendicular to the ground. The moving slanted portions may be slanted at an angle clockwise on the interior of the cylinder for devices above the equator, and may be slanted at an angle counterclockwise on the interior of the cylinder for devices below the equator. The slanted moving portions may be powered by a motor(s) to move the slanted moving portions downwards in the interior of the cylinder and upwards on the exterior of the cylinder where each slanted moving portion may be in a loop with itself. The slanted moving portions may be weighted or may not be weighted. As the slanted moving portions move, the device may form a vortex effect and may spin, and the spinning motion of the device may be harnessed to spin a generator to produce electricity, and some of the electricity from the generator may be used to power the motor(s) for the slanted moving portions, and the excess electricity may be used for various purposes, such as for the utility grid. The device may have a battery to power the motor(s) during a start up period, where some of the electricity produced by the generator may charge the battery. The slanting moving portions may be closely together or touching around the cylinder. The slanting moving portions may move quickly to form the vortex effect. The slanting moving portions may curve around the interior of the cylinder towards the bottom of the cylinder. The slanting moving portions may define the entire interior of the cylinder around the cylinder in 360 degrees. The slanted moving portions may be located every 0.01-20 degrees around the cylinder. The slanting moving portions may change their angle as they move towards the bottom of the cylinder, getting steeper. The width of the slanting moving portions may get narrower as they move towards the bottom of the cylinder, moving in 3 directions, both sides, and downwards. The device may be automated by a computer and software. A rod may connect to the cylinder at the center of the cylinder where the spinning of the cylinder spins the rod and the rod may be connected to a generator and the spinning of the rod may spin the generator to produce electricity. An exemplary embodiment of the Slanted Moving Portions Vortex is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixTilting Gravity DiscAn electricity generating device may have a flat disc on a rod, where the disc may tilt up and down on all sides of the rod freely, where the disc and rod may be attached and both may spin, where the rod may be connected to a motor to spin the rod and the attached disc, where there may be a weight on the top face or bottom face of the disc which may be on a track on the disc, where the track on the disc may travel across the disc from one edge of the disc to the other edge of the disc through the center of the disc or close to the center of the disc, where the weight may travel back and forth on the track sliding freely from one side of the track to the other side of the track from one edge of the disc to the other edge of the disc as the disc spins and tilts, where as the disc turns the disc tilts downward on one side from the gravity on the weight, then the weight is raised up as the disc spins, then the process repeats continuously. The disc may spin slowly to not require a lot of power to spin the disc. The weight may be relatively light to prevent the disc from being weighed down to one side continually. The disc and weight may be relatively light to not require a lot of power to spin the disc. The disc may tilt from 2-180 degrees on all sides around the disc. The tilting rising and tilting falling of the disc from the weight may spin a generator to produce electricity, which may be used for various purposes, such as to power the utility grid. Some of the electricity produced from the generator may be used to power the motor to spin the rod and the attached disc. Next to each end of the track on the disc there may be two rods that extend from the edge of the disc downwards or upwards, where there may be two perpendicular rods to the vertical rods on each side each connecting to one of the two vertical rods on each side, where each vertical rod and perpendicular rod may have corresponding threads along the length of the each rod on and near the attachment to the other rod so that theAppendix movement of the vertical rods spins the perpendicular rods, where one vertical rod spins its corresponding perpendicular rod on the tilting up motion of the disc, and the other vertical rod spins its corresponding perpendicular rod on the tilting down motion of the disc, where each vertical rod may detach from its corresponding perpendicular rod on one motion, down or up of the disc, and each vertical rod may reattach to its corresponding perpendicular rod on the other motion, where each of the two vertical rods on each side of the disc attach and detach to its corresponding perpendicular rod for the opposite motion of the other vertical rod, where each perpendicular rod may spin a generator from the spinning of the perpendicular rods. On each side of the disc next to the end of the track on the disc there may be two vertical rods each with perpendicular rods attaching to generators. The vertical rods may each have a hinge at their attachment point to the disc so they may not tilt with the disc as the disc tilts but each vertical rod may stay perpendicular to the ground. The vertical rods, perpendicular rods, and generators may spin with the disc, and each may be light in weight to reduce power requirements for spinning the disc, or the generators may not spin with the disc. Alternatively, the vertical rods may have threads along the length of the vertical rods on and near the attachment to the disc and the vertical rods may be stationary in the left and right direction perpendicular to the ground where they may not move around in a circle with the spinning disc, where the vertical rods may each remain attached to each of their corresponding perpendicular rods, and each vertical rod detaches from the spinning disc on one tilting motion of the disc, up or down tilting of the disc, and reattaches to the spinning disc on the other tilting motion, where each vertical rod on the same side of the disc is attached to the disc and detached from the disc for the opposite tilting motion of the disc as the other vertical rod on that side of the disc. The device may have a battery to power the motor during a start up period of the device, where the generator may supply electricity to the battery. The device may be controlled by a computer and software. An exemplary embodiment of the Tilting Gravity Disc is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixMagnet DiscsA electricity generating device may have two magnet discs aligned stacked on top of each other, where to two stacked magnet discs may be spaced apart, where the two magnet discs may spin freely and are attached through the center of the magnet discs on a rod, where each magnet disc may spin freely on the center rod attachment, where magnets may extend from the top magnet disc downward, and magnets of the repelling polarity to the top magnet disc facing the direction of the top magnet disc magnets may extend from the bottom magnet disc upward, where the magnets on the top magnet disc and bottom magnet disc are positioned to be staggered facing closely together, where there may be connection devices between the two magnet discs on the edges of the magnet discs and / or on the interior of the magnet discs that may have springs at the connection locations of the connection devices to the magnet discs on either side of the connection devices, both sides on the top magnet disc connection device connection location, and both sides on the bottom magnet disc connection device connection location. Where the top magnet disc or bottom magnet disc, one or the other, may have raised wedges or fan blades that raise up from the top side of the top magnet disc or the bottom side of the bottom magnet disc around the circumference of the magnet disc from the center of the magnet disc to the edge of the magnet disc to make the top magnet disc or bottom magnet disc less aerodynamic in one rotational direction, where there is less resistance in one rotational direction for one of the magnet discs, and when the magnets of opposite polarity repel, the two magnet discs may both rotate in the direction of less resistance. The magnet disc that has the raised wedges or fan blades may also weigh more than the magnet disc without the raised wedges or fan blades to increaseAppendix resistance, which may make less resistance in combination with the raised wedges or fan blades in one rotational direction. The magnets may be located at many locations around the circumference of the magnet discs (e.g. every 1-180 degrees) extending from the center of the magnet discs to the edge of the magnet discs. The magnets may be long on both top magnet disc and bottom magnet disc extending above the bottom magnet disc and below the top magnet disc to increase the magnets' repelling surface area. The magnets may be wide on both top magnet disc and bottom magnet disc and extend from the edge of the magnet discs to the center of the magnet discs to increase the magnets' repelling surface area. The magnet discs may be other shapes (e.g. square, triangle, etc). The magnets of the opposite magnet disc to the magnet disc with the raised wedges or fan blades may have aerodynamic magnets, where the magnet disc with the raised wedges or fan blades may have less aerodynamic magnets. The aerodynamic magnets may be pointed for the magnet disc with aerodynamic magnets. The magnet discs may be connected to a generator to spin the generator from the rotation of the magnet discs to produce electricity. There may be a cone on the magnet disc that does not have the raised wedges or fan blades which forms a rod at the top of the cone, where the rod extends from the top of the cone and the spinning rod of the cone is connected to the generator, where there may be gears and other connecting rods to the generator from the cone rod. The electricity produced by the generator may be used for the utility grid. The magnet discs may have a wide diameter (e.g. 0.2 - 3000 feet). The wide magnet discs may maximize resistance by the raised wedges or fan blades. The width of the raised wedges or fan blades may reduce closer to the center of the magnet discs, and the width of the raised wedges or fan blades may increase closer to the edge of the magnet disc, where the change in width of the raised wedges or fan blades is gradual from the edge of the magnet disc to the center of the magnet disc. A series of two corresponding magnet discs (e.g 2-500 corresponding magnet discs) may be stacked on top of each other aligned and share a common center rod, to power a common generator, where there may be no cone between the magnet discs in series, and the series of magnet discs may have a cone and cone rod on the very top magnet disc or very bottom magnet disc, and the magnet discs in series may be attached at all the top magnet discs, or all the bottom magnet discs. The magnet discs in series may all have the same size magnets, the same position of the magnets, the magnet discs may all be the same diameter, and the raised wedges or fan blades, and aerodynamic magnets of the magnet discs may all be the same size. Multiple or many spinning magnet discs stacked in series or not stacked in series may power a common generator where the multiple or many spinning magnet discs may connect through gears. The magnets for the magnet discs may be electromagnets, and some of the electricity produced by the generator may be used to power the electromagnets of the magnet discs. An exemplary embodiment of the Magnet Discs is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixWireless Electricity Transmission CircuitsCircuits may have wireless electricity transmission, where there may be one, multiple, or many streams of wireless electricity transmitted from a first wireless electricity emitter location to a corresponding end wireless electricity receiver location, where along the path of the stream of electricity from the first wireless electricity emitter to the end wireless electricity receiver there may be middle wireless electricity receiver(s) that receive electricity from the first wireless electricity emitter, where the stream of electricity may continue without fully depleting it’s electricity along the path of the stream of electricity until it reaches its end wireless electricity receiver, where the stream of electricity may be partially used and reduced in intensity after each middle wireless electricity receiver along the path of the stream of electricity but the stream of electricity may not be fully depleted so it may continue to power other middle wireless electricity receivers along the path of the stream of electricity, where there may be one, multiple, or many middle wireless electricity receivers (e.g. 1 - 100,000) along the path of a single stream of electricity, where there may be electrical component(s) connected to the middle wireless electricity receivers along the path of the stream of electricity. There may be one, multiple, or many discrete streams of electricity (e.g. 1 - 100,000) in each circuit each with a first wireless electricity emitter and end wireless electricity receiver, where each discrete stream of electricity may have one, multiple, or many dedicated middle wireless electricity receivers that only correspond to that specific stream of electricity, and where each middle wireless electricity receiver may correspond to an electrical component(s). Two, multiple, or many streams ofAppendix electricity in the circuit may cross paths without interfering with the electricity of the stream of electricity when crossing streams of the electricity. The first wireless electricity emitters of the circuit may be connected to a power source. Remaining electricity received by the end wireless electricity receivers may be sent back to the first wireless electricity emitters wirelessly, where the first wireless electricity emitters may also have wireless electricity receivers and the end wireless electricity receivers may also have wireless electricity emitters to send electricity back to the first wireless electricity emitter's receiver from the end wireless electricity receiver's emitter. There may be an electricity splitter to separate incoming electricity between the first wireless electricity emitters of the circuit. Each middle wireless electricity receiver may also have a middle wireless electricity emitter to send electricity to the next middle wireless electricity receiver or end wireless electricity receiver. One first wireless electricity emitter may send electricity directly to one, multiple, or many wireless electricity receivers with corresponding electrical component(s), without there being an end wireless electricity receiver. The wireless electricity receivers and the wireless electricity emitters may use Radio Frequency (RF) Wireless Power Transfer, Inductive Wireless Power Transfer, Inductive Resonant Wireless Power Transfer, Capacitive Wireless Power Transfer, Ultrasound (Electro-Mechanical) Wireless Power Transfer, Laser Wireless Power Transfer, or Electric Vehicle (EV) Wireless Power Transfer. An exemplary embodiment of the Wireless Electricity Transmission Circuits is shown in the figure directly below.Wireless Headphones, Reading and Dictate Software, Speaker and Microphone Device, Projector Wristband, and Touchscreen / screenAppendixWireless headphones may have cellular connectivity where audio phone calls and text messages may be made and received from the wireless headphones through a cellular network, where the wireless headphones may have a microphone on one of the wireless headphones or on both of the wireless headphones, left and right wireless headphones, and the user may be able to make audio phone calls from the wireless headphones by speaking the contact information of the recipient, where such contact information of a recipient may be saved in the wireless headphone’s software, or audio phone calls may be made on the wireless headphones by the user speaking a phone number of the recipient. The wireless headphones may be able to send and receive audio phone calls, send and receive text messages, surf the internet, save and run applications, send and receive emails, etc, where the wireless headphones may have the same reading and dictate software for emails, surfing the internet, and running applications as described herein. The wireless headphones may have onboard processing, memory, and an operating system, where a first wireless headphone, the left or right, may have the onboard memory, processing, and operating system and the second wireless headphone may connect to the first wireless headphone. Alternatively, the onboard components may be separated between the two wireless headphones, left and right, where one wireless headphone or the other wireless headphone may have processing, and / or memory, and / or an operating system. Alternatively, the wireless headphones may use processing and memory in a cloud computing system alone or also with an operating system in a cloud computing system. The wireless headphones may also have onboard memory, processing, and an operating system when using memory and processing from a cloud computing system. The wireless headphones may stream applications from a cloud computing system. The wireless headphones may have a charging case, to charge the wireless headphones, where the charging case may connect to a power source. The wireless headphones may have Bluetooth connectivity and may connect to other computing devices (e.g. smartphone, smartwatch, tablet, laptop, computer, wearables, etc) to listen to music on the wireless headphones from the other computing devices, and make audio phone calls from the other computing devices on the wireless headphones. There may be a left wireless headphone and a right wireless headphone for each of the ears of the user. The wireless headphones may have onboard rechargeable electric batteries, where each wireless headphone, the left and right, may each have a rechargeable electric battery. Each wireless headphone, the left and right, may have a speaker. The wireless headphones may fit over the ears of the user and connect over the head of the user or connect behind the head of the user, or the wireless headphones may be smaller and fit into the ears of the user. The wireless headphones may have Wi-Fi connectivity. Instead of having two wireless headphones, one for each ear of the user, the system may only be one wireless headphone for one ear of the user, the left or right, with some of or all of the features previously described for the wireless headphones. The volume of the wireless headphones may be adjustable by the user. The wireless headphones may use satellite calling and data connectivity. The wireless headphones’ case may vibrate or ring when a phone call is received by the wireless headphones. The wireless headphones may be stored in the case. The wireless headphones may have an on and off button, or the wireless headphones may turn on when removed from the case and turn off when stored in the case. A user of the wireless headphones may speak and ask the cellular connectivity connection level of the wireless headphones, and the wireless headphones software may tell the user the cellular connectivity connection level of theirAppendix given position. The wireless headphones may connect to a power source directly without a case connecting to a power source as an intermediary, for over the ear wireless headphones and / or for in ear wireless headphones. One wireless headphone may have cellular connectivity, the left or right, and the one that has cellular connectivity may share cellular connectivity data with the other wireless headphone, or both left and right wireless headphones may have cellular connectivity. One wireless headphone may have Bluetooth connectivity, the left or right, and the one that has Bluetooth connectivity may share Bluetooth connectivity data with the other wireless headphone, or both left and right wireless headphones may have Bluetooth connectivity. The wireless headphones, left and right, may connect to each other through Bluetooth, sending data back and forth between the left and right wireless headphones through Bluetooth. The case for the wireless headphones may have a rechargeable electric battery, and the case may charge the wireless headphones when the wireless headphones are inserted into the case when the case is not connected to a power source, after charging the case. The wireless headphones may connect to a screen and may also connect to a keyboard and mouse or trackpad, or the wireless headphones may connect to a computing device (e.g smartphone, tablet, computer, laptop, smartwatch, wearable, smart glasses, etc) so the user may view the software on the wireless headphones or the software accessed by the wireless headphones from a cloud computing system on the screen or computing device. The wireless headphones may connect to the screen, keyboard, mouse or trackpad, or computing device through Bluetooth or other connection method on the wireless headphones. The wireless headphones may store photo files, video files, and / or movie files on the wireless headphones which may be shared with a screen, TV, or computing device (e.g. smartphone, smartwatch, tablet, laptop, computer, wearable, smart glasses, etc), to view the photo files, video files, and / or movie files on the screen, TV, or computing device from the wireless headphones. The wireless headphones may connect to an application store to download application(s) onto the wireless headphones or download the application(s) onto a cloud computing system for the wireless headphones. The wireless headphones may stream an application(s) from an application store. The application store may be compatible with read and dictate software as described herein. The wireless headphones may store music files on the wireless headphones or store music files in a cloud computing system for the wireless headphones, where such music files may be played on the wireless headphones. Music may be streamed on the wireless headphones from music streaming services. The wireless headphones may just be a music player, where the sole purpose of the wireless headphones is to play stored music files on the wireless headphones and / or stream music on the wireless headphones from music streaming services. The wireless headphones may receive commands from the user on music playback from the speech of the user, such as “next song”, “pause”, “play”, “volume up”, “volume down”, and find a specific song, artist, or album, on the wireless headphones by the user saying the name of the song, name of the artist, or name of the album. The user may make playlists of songs on the wireless headphones. The user may play music from playlists on the wireless headphones. The wireless headphones may control IOT devices, and management software for the IOT devices may be on the wireless headphones or in a cloud computing system accessed by the wireless headphones. The same software that operates the wireless headphones and the same functionality of the wireless headphones may be on a different system, which may be a speaker, microphone, and computing capacity together as a singleAppendix device. The speaker and microphone may fit in a user’s pocket. The speaker and microphone may have a rechargeable electric battery and may connect to a power source. The speaker and microphone may not have a rechargeable electric battery and may connect to a power source directly. The speaker and microphone may have onboard processing, memory, and operating system, or may have processing, memory, and an operating system in a cloud computing system, or may have on board processing, memory, and an operating system and also use processing and memory in a cloud computing system. The speaker and microphone may have cellular connectivity, and / or Bluetooth connectivity, and / or Wi-Fi connectivity. The speaker and microphone may use reading and dictate software as described herein to surf the internet, run applications, make documents, presentations, and spreadsheets, send and receive emails, send and receive text messages, make audio cellular phone calls, etc. The speaker and microphone may just be a microphone with computing capacity which may be connected to an external speaker(s). Headphones may connect to the speaker and microphone. The speaker and microphone may have an on and off button. An email software may read emails out loud from a user’s email inbox and allow the user to dictate emails using the speakers and microphone of the user’s device (e.g. wireless headphones, tablet, computer, laptop, smartwatch, wearables, smart glasses, speaker and microphone, etc), allowing the user to dictate the email address(es) of the email, subject line of the email, cc’d email address(es) of the email, bcc’d email address(es) of the email, and body of the email, where the dictate email software may prompt the user for the email address of the email, subject line of the email, and body of the email, stating each, and where cc’d email addresses and bcc’d email addresses may need to be specifically identified and dictated by the user. The email reading software may also state the email address of the sender, subject line of the email, and body of the email received. The user may be able to select folders in the email software through the dictate feature, create folders in the email software through the dictate feature, delete emails in the email software through the dictate feature, read emails from specific folders in the email software through the dictate feature, and organize emails into folders in the email software through the dictate feature. The email software may allow the user to draft emails and save email drafts through the dictate feature. Such reading and dictate email software may work on a user’s wireless headphones, smartphone, tablet, smartwatch, laptop, or computer, wearable, smart glasses, speaker and microphone, etc so the user can engage in other activities such as driving while emailing. Reading an email through the email software may mark the email as read. Actions performed through the reading and dictate features may update the email software across all the user’s platforms with the email software. The email software dictate feature may allow the user to switch email addresses for users that have multiple email addresses. The email software may allow for the alphabet, numbers, symbols, characters, and emojis to be dictated by the user. The email software dictate feature may allow the user to add attachments to the emails, where the email software may access the user’s device memory storage or cloud computing system to attach a file(s), video(s), document(s), photo(s), audio file(s), etc by dictating the name / title of the file through the dictate feature. The email software may allow the user to forward emails through the dictate feature. The reading and dictate software may also be a plug in for internet browsers or built into the internet browser, allowing the user to interact with websites on their device(s) (e.g. smartphone, wireless headphones, tablet, computer, laptop, smartwatch, wearable, smart glasses, speaker and microphone, etc)Appendix through the software’s reading and dictate features, where the dictate feature may be customized for specific websites so that content on a webpage may be selectively red when a user visits a website, the dictate feature may alternatively read all the content on a webpage. The dictate feature may allow the user to make selections on a webpage, open / select links to webpages on the webpage, click on buttons on the webpages, etc. The dictate feature may allow the user to dictate words into texts boxes and submit the text on a webpage. The software may allow the user to dictate the website domain name into the address bar of the browser. The same reading and dictate software may apply for software applications on the user’s device (e.g. smartphone, wireless headphones, tablet, smartwatch, laptop, computer, smart glasses, wearable, speaker and microphone, etc), where certain software applications may be customized to selectively read content through the software within the software application, and allow the user to interact with the software application through the read and dictate features. The software may allow for the selection of an application on the user’s device by dictating the name of the application, and the reading and dictate software may be integrated into the user’s device’s operating system. The reading and dictate software may analyze the emails, website webpages, and applications for text and actionable options for each, where the reading and dictate software may then read to the user after analyzing. The email software, websites, and applications may have software apart of each that integrates with the reading and dictate software and the email software, websites, and applications software may have pre set instructions for text and actionable options to be read by the reading and dictate software, so the reading and dictate software does not need to analyze each, but the reading and dictate software follows the pre set instructions of each. The reading and dictate software may determine if there are pre set instructions present to follow for each, and the reading and dictate software may default to the pre set instructions, however, if pre set instructions are not present for each, the reading and dictate software will analyze each and read based on its analysis. Preferences on the reading and dictate software (e.g. what is read by the reading and dictate software for websites and applications, etc) for the wireless headphones and the speaker and microphone may be set on another device (e.g. smartphone, tablet, computer, laptop, etc) that may manage software on the wireless headphones or speaker and microphone or software for the wireless headphones or speaker and microphone in a cloud computing system. The read back speed of the reading and dictate software may be adjustable by the user and different reading voices may be used at the preference of the user. Files may be saved on the wireless headphones or speaker and microphone or in a cloud computing system accessed from the wireless headphones or speaker and microphone, where users may be able to draft documents using the reading and dictate software on the wireless headphones or speaker and microphone or in a cloud computing system from the wireless headphones or speaker and microphone. Drafted and saved documents may include word documents, presentations, and spreadsheets, and the documents may be in Word, PowerPoint, Excel, and other similar software. The reading and dictate software may analyze photos and tell the user information on the photo(s) from the analysis, from websites, applications, word documents, presentations, spreadsheets, etc for wireless headphones and other devices (e.g. smartphones, tablets, smartwatches, laptops, computers, smart glasses, wearables, etc). Word documents, presentations, and spreadsheets may be drafted and saved by the reading and dictate software on devices (e.g. smartphones, laptops, computers, smartwatches, wearables, tablets, smart glasses, speaker and microphone, etc), or onAppendix cloud computing systems for the devices. The read and dictate software may recognize the user’s voice and may only work for the user as a security measure for devices (e.g. wireless headphones, smartphones, tablets, smartwatches, smart glasses, laptops, computers, wearables, speaker and microphone, etc). More than one user (e.g. multiple users, many users, etc) may use the reading and dictate software simultaneously on a single device (e.g. wireless headphones, speaker and microphone, smartphone, tablet, computer, laptop, smartwatch, wearables, smart glasses, etc), to allow for collaboration on documents, presentations, spreadsheets, applications, websites, etc. The reading and dictate software may recognize multiple or many users by the users’ voices individually for security measures, allowing the multiple or many users to use the reading and dictate software. A first device (e.g. smartphone, tablet, smartwatch, wireless headphones, laptop, computer, smart glasses, wearable, speaker and microphone, etc), may access the reading and dictate software on a second device through a cellular phone call to the second device from the first device, controlling the reading and dictate software on the second device through the audio cellular phone call from the first device, where the reading and dictate software on the second devices reads to the first device through the audio cellular phone call, and the reading and dictate software receives dictate inputs from the audio cellular phone call from the first device. When the user of the first device places a cellular phone call to the second device to access the reading and dictate software on the second device through the cellular phone call, the user of the first device may enter a password either verbally or through the keypad on the first device to access to reading and dictate software on the second device through the cellular phone call. The password may be entered through the keypad or verbally said from the first device by the user while the cellular phone call is ringing or when the voicemail of the second device is reached. The wireless headphones or speaker and microphone may connect to a projector wristband worn on one of the user’s wrists that projects either a 3 dimensional hologram vertically, horizontally, or at an angle from a built in holographic projector in the projector wristband, or a 2 dimensional projected image projected on the front of the user’s arm, back of the user's arm, hand palm of the user, or back of the user's hand from a built in 2 dimensional image projector in the projector wristband. The 3 dimensional holographic projector on the projector wristband may be a holography pyramid, holography display, holographic display (e.g. laser plasma display, micromagnetic piston display, holographic television display, touchable hologram), electroholographic display, full parallax holography display, EMS technology display, horizontal parallax only (HPO) display, vertical parallax only (VPO) display, etc. The 3 dimensional hologram of the projector wristband may be touch enabled where the user may make inputs on the 3 dimensional hologram by using their finger, where the projector wristband may have a 3 dimensional motion recognition system to register the user’s finger inputs on the 3 dimensional hologram in real time. The 2 dimensional projected image of the projector wristband may be touch enabled where the user’s finger may be registered by a motion detection system on the projector wristband, registering inputs from the user’s finger on the 2 dimensional projected image in real time. The projector wristband may connect to the wireless headphones or speaker and microphone through Bluetooth or other connection method and project data from the wireless headphones or speaker and microphone on the projector wristband. The projector wristband may have both a 3 dimensional holographic projector and a 2 two dimensional image projector, where the 2 dimensional image projector may toggle on and offAppendix and the 2 dimensional image projected may be a keyboard. There may be multiple holographic projectors around the projector wristband that form a 3 dimensional hologram in 5-360 degrees around the projector wristband, where each holographic projector on the projector wristband may make up a portion of the full 3 dimensional hologram. The 3 dimensional holograms from the multiple or many holographic projectors around the projector wristband may overlap at the 3 dimensional hologram meeting locations to form a seamless 3 dimensional hologram. The projector wristband may be a stand alone device without the wireless headphones or speaker and microphone, where the projector wristband may have computing capabilities, which may include processing, memory, and an operating system either on the projector wristband or in a cloud computing system, or the projector wristband may have on board memory, processing, and an operating system and also access memory and processing from a cloud computing system. The projector wristband may have a rechargeable electric battery and may connect to a power source to charge the rechargeable electric battery. The projector wristband may open in one or more places, and may open at the bottom or one of the sides of the projector wristband, and may temporarily lock at the opening with a latch or magnet at the opening to secure the projector wristband to the user’s wrist for use. The projector wristband may be removed from the user's wrist to charge. The projector wristband may have Bluetooth connectivity, and / or Wi-Fi connectivity, and / or cellular connectivity, and / or other connectivity. The 3 dimensional hologram and / or 2 dimensional image of the projector wristband may be in color and black and white. The projector wristband may have a microphone and the projector wristband may have a speaker. The projector wristband may have reading and dictate software as described herein. The projector wristband may be powered by electricity wirelessly where the projector wristband may have a wireless electricity charging receiver. The projector wristband may have a 2 dimensional screen / touchscreen on the wristband without a holographic projector or a 2 dimensional image projector, where the projector wristband may not have computing capabilities, but connect to the wireless headphones or speaker and microphone wirelessly (e.g. through Bluetooth, etc) to display data from the wireless headphones or speaker and microphone on the projector wristband’s screen / touchscreen. Data inputs by the user on the projector wristband’s 2 dimensional touchscreen (e.g. touch inputs, etc) may be sent to the wireless headphones or speaker and headphones in real time through a connection method (e.g. Bluetooth, etc), where such data inputs by the user may change the data displayed on the projector wristband’s 2 dimensional touchscreen in real time from the wireless headphones or speaker and microphone. The projector wristband may have an on and off button. The 2 dimensional projector of the projector wristband may project images and videos. A touchscreen / screen may have an adhesive on the back of the touchscreen / screen and may stick to a surface or body part, such as an arm, where the touchscreen / screen may connect to a computing device (e.g. wireless headphones, speaker and microphone, smartphone, laptop, computer, tablet, smartwatch, smart glasses, wearable, etc) to display data from the computing device, and the touchscreen / screen may send touch input data from the touchscreen / screen to the computing device in real time. The adhesive on the touchscreen / screen may be permanent or temporary and there may be an adhesive remover to remove the adhesive and detach the touchscreen / screen from the surface. The adhesive on the touchscreen / screen may be a pressure sensitive adhesive. The touchscreen / screen may have a rechargeable electric battery, which may be removable from the touchscreen / screenAppendix or may not be removable from the touchscreen / screen. The removable electric battery and / or touchscreen / screen may connect to a power source to recharge the rechargeable electric battery or power the touchscreen / screen. The touchscreen / screen may have Bluetooth connectivity to connect to a computing device, where data from the computing device may be displayed on the touchscreen / screen and touch inputs (e.g. made by a finger, etc) by the user on the touchscreen / screen may be sent to the computing device in real time and data may be sent back to the touchscreen / screen from the computing device in real time. The touchscreen / screen may have computing capabilities, which may include on board memory, processing, RAM, and an operating system or the touchscreen / screen may access memory, processing, and an operating system from a cloud computing system. The touchscreen / screen may have on board memory, processing, and an operating system, and may also access memory and processing from a cloud computing system. The touchscreen / screen may not have computing capabilities and just display data from a computing device. One computing device may work with multiple or many touchscreens / screens at different locations and / or multiple many touchscreens / screens at the same location. A two sided tape may be applied to the back of the touchscreen / screen for each application of the touchscreen / screen to a surface. The touchscreen / screen may have a replaceable cartridge of tape on the back of the touchscreen / screen, which may use one sided tape or two sided tape, and may be the full hight and width of the touchscreen / screen or other dimensions to adhere the touchscreen / screen to a surface. There may be a release liner between each layer of tape in the cartridge on the touchscreen / screen, where the release liner may be removed by a user before each application of the touchscreen / screen to a surface. The touchscreen / screen may display in color and black and white. The touchscreen / screen may have an on and off button. The touchscreen / screen may not have a screen or touchscreen, but have a 3 dimensional holographic projector to project a hologram from data from a computing device. The 3 dimensional hologram from the 3 dimensional holographic projector on the touchscreen / screen may be touch enabled, where the touchscreen / screen may have a 3 dimensional motion recognition system to register touch inputs (e.g. a finger, etc) by the user on the 3 dimensional hologram, where the touchscreen / screen may send the touch input data to the computing device in real time and the computing device may send data to the touchscreen / screen in real time. An adhesive may be applied by the user to the back of the touchscreen / screen before each application of the touchscreen / screen to a surface. Different strength adhesives may be used for temporary or permanent bonding of the touchscreen / screen to a surface. The touchscreen / screen may be between 1 - 1,500 square inches. Touchscreens / screens may be attached to desks, kitchen counters, bedroom bed tables, car interiors, kitchen cabinets, bedroom dressers, tables, counters, human arms, etc. Touchscreens / screens may have a microphone and speaker and touchscreens / screens may have reading and dictate software as described herein. Touchscreens / screens may connect to headphones either through a port on the touchscreen / screen or wirelessly. Specific IOT device(s) may send data to a specific touchscreen / screen, or specific IOT device(s) may send data to IOT management software which may then send data to a specific touchscreen / screen. Touchscreens / screens may display data from IOT devices, IOT management software, or IOT management devices. Exemplary embodiments of the Wireless Headphones, Reading and Dictate Software, Speaker and Microphone Device, Projector Wristband, and Touchscreen / screen are shown in the figures directly below.AppendixAppendixHome, Retail Location, Restaurant, and Office Wireless Electricity ChargingSome of or all of the electrical devices of a home, office, retail location, restaurant, other establishments, etc may be powered by wireless electricity charging technology, where there may be a central wireless electricity charging emitter for the home, retail location, restaurant, office, other establishments, etc and there may be local wireless electricity charging emitters each with aAppendix local wireless electricity charging receiver connected to the central wireless electricity charging emitter to power the local wireless electricity charging emitters for specific rooms, areas, or specific offices, where the electrical devices may have an wireless electricity charging receiver to receive electricity wirelessly from the central wireless electricity charging emitter or the local wireless electricity charging emitter. The central wireless electricity charging emitter may be connected to electrical hookups for the home, retail location, restaurant, office, or other establishment, etc from the utility grid. Electrical devices may be converted to have an wireless electricity charging receiver, where the electrical devices may be plugged into the wireless electricity charging receiver, alternatively, electrical devices may have built in wireless electricity charging receivers. Electrical devices may include lights, computers, clothing irons, trash compactors, music systems, electrical exercise equipment, TVs, phones, microwaves, stoves, toasters, ovens, coffee machines, garbage disposals, electrical outlets, self check out station, cash registers, water heaters, refrigerators, laundry machines, alarm systems, garages, sprinklers, air conditioning systems and heaters, gates, Wi-Fi and cable systems, smartphones, tablets, smartwatches, smart glasses, laptops, wearables, wireless headphones, speaker and microphones, computer screens, keyboards, mouses, trackpads, projectors, etc. The electricity wireless charging systems may use Radio Frequency (RF) Wireless Power Transfer, Inductive Wireless Power Transfer, Inductive Resonant Wireless Power Transfer, Capacitive Wireless Power Transfer, Ultrasound (Electro-Mechanical) Wireless Power Transfer, Laser Wireless Power Transfer, or Electric Vehicle (EV) Wireless Power Transfer. One central wireless electricity charging emitter or one local wireless electricity charging emitter may power one, multiple, or many electrical devices simultaneously in its area. The central wireless electricity charging emitter and local wireless electricity charging emitter may have an electricity transmitting range of 1 - 3,000 feet. The central wireless electricity charging emitter and local wireless electricity charging emitter(s) for homes, retail locations, restaurants, offices, and other establishments, etc may identify and recognize when an electrical device(s) is turned on or off to transmit electricity to the electrical device(s) only when the electrical device(s) is turned on, otherwise the central wireless electricity charging emitter and the local wireless electricity charging emitter(s) may not transmit electricity to conserve electricity when the electrical device(s) is turned off in their area. The local wireless electricity charging receiver(s) may communicate with the central wireless electricity charging emitter to only receive electricity from the central wireless electricity charging emitter when an electrical device(s) is turned on in the local wireless electricity charging emitter(s)’ area. The central wireless electricity charging emitter and local wireless electricity charging emitter(s) may have a computer and software at the home, retail location, restaurant, office, or other establishment, etc or in a cloud computing system to identify and recognize when an electrical device(s) is turned on or off in their area to transmit electricity or not transmit electricity. Some of or all of the electrical devices at the home, retail location, restaurant, office, or other establishment, etc may have a wireless electricity charging receiver and a wireless electricity charging emitter, to power neighboring electrical devices in proximity, sending electricity from the local wireless electricity charging emitter(s) and / or central wireless electricity charging emitter through the electrical devices’ wireless electricity charging receiver and wireless electricity charging emitter to neighboring electrical devices in proximity, where such wireless electricity charging emitter on the electrical devices may have the sameAppendix identification and recognition systems and software as the local wireless electricity charging emitter and central wireless electricity charging emitter to detect off and on electrical devices in proximity and transmit electricity only when the neighboring electrical device(s) in proximity is turned on. The wireless electricity charging emitter for electrical devices may also be on the plug with the wireless electricity charging receiver for non built in wireless electricity charging capable electrical devices. The local wireless electricity charging receiver may receive transmitted electricity from the central wireless electricity charging emitter. The on and off identification and recognition systems on the electrical devices may communicate with the local wireless electricity charging emitter(s) and / or the central wireless electricity charging emitter either through the local wireless electricity charging receiver or directly, where when an on or off state of neighboring electrical device is detected from the detecting electrical device, the local wireless electricity charging emitter and / or the central wireless electricity charging emitter may transmit or not transmit electricity, where electricity may be transmitted from the central wireless electricity charging emitter to the local wireless electricity charging receiver(s) through the local wireless electricity charging emitter(s) to the electrical device(s)' wireless charging receiver(s) through the electrical device(s)' wireless charging emitter(s) to the wireless electricity charging receiver(s) on the neighboring electrical device(s). Electrical devices or the electrical device’s wireless electricity charging emitter, the local wireless electricity charging emitter, or central wireless electricity charging emitter may be programmed to pre determine which electrical device wireless electricity charging emitter or local wireless electricity charging emitter or central wireless electricity charging emitter it may receive transmitted electricity from. Such programming may be on a software for the wireless electricity charging system for the home, office, retail location, restaurant, or other establishment, etc. Electrical device’s wireless electricity charging emitters may have an electricity transmitting range of 1 - 3,000 feet. Sidewalks may have wireless electricity charging emitters to transmit electricity to electrical device(s) carried by users. Roads may have wireless electricity charging emitters to transmit electricity to electrical device(s) carried by users in vehicles. An exemplary embodiment of the Home, Retail Location, Restaurant, and Office Wireless Electricity Charging is shown in the figure directly below.AppendixVertical Underground and Above Ground FarmsFarms may be vertical underground, where there may be many rows of dug long lines that may be deep 0.5-500 feet deep, where there may be soil or dirt left between the dug lines so that plants may be planted and grow horizontally from the walls of the lines, where there may be LED grow lamps above each plant in the wall of the line, where the LED grow lamps may be long tubes. The LED grow lamps may be connected to a power supply. The LED grow lamps may only be turned on during the day or night, or intermittently throughout the day or night. The plants may be planted spaced apart vertically along the line on each side of the line in rows. There may be drip irrigation systems or other watering systems along the surface of the soil and dirt next to the plants in the line wall or within the soil and dirt next to the plants in the line wall. The drip irrigation system or other watering systems may be connected to a water supply and may have a pump. The plants may be hoisted from the dug line mechanically to harvest. Alternatively, robots may harvest the plants and scale the wall to reach the plants to harvest them. Nutrients may be added to the water for the plants to help the plants grow. The lines may be spaced closely together for system that have hoisting system for the plants, or the lines may be spaced further apart for manual harvest of the plants. Dirt or soil may also be piled in lines vertically above ground and the same systems (e.g. watering, harvesting, etc) may be used for above ground line farms as the below ground line farms, except LED grow lamps may not beAppendix used. The dirt or soil may be fenced in with mesh or other supports to keep the dirt or soil in place vertically for the above ground farms. Soil or dirt lines above ground may be 0.5-500 feet tall. Both above ground line farms and below ground line farms may have a mechanical device which plants the seeds for the plants in the line walls which scales the vertical walls and digs a small hole for the seed at each planting location and deposits a seed or multiple seeds in each hole. Such planting system may be managed by a computer and software. The above ground soil or dirt lines or below ground soil or dirt lines may be supported by connectors between neighboring above ground or below ground soil or...

Claims

Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 WHAT IS CLAIMED IS 1. A foldable computing device, comprising: a display portion comprising multiple folding sections, wherein the display portion is configured to fold horizontally and vertically; a computing component positioned within a folding section; and a plurality of hinge mechanisms each connecting two folding sections of the multiple folding sections, wherein the display portion is foldable to a hand-held size in a fully folded configuration and a laptop size in an unfolded configuration, wherein the hand-held size is smaller than the laptop size.

2. The foldable computing device of claim 1, wherein the display portion comprises a flexible display that spans across a plurality of the multiple folding sections.

3. The foldable computing device of claim 1, wherein the computing component comprises a processor and memory.

4. The foldable computing device of claim 1, further comprising a smartphone portion integrated into an outer surface of the display portion when the display portion is configured in the fully folded configuration.

5. The foldable computing device of claim 4, wherein the smartphone portion is accessible when the device is in the fully folded configuration.

6. The foldable computing device of claim 1, wherein at least one hinge mechanism of the plurality of hinge mechanisms comprises a locking mechanism to secure the device in a folded configuration.

7. The foldable computing device of claim 6, wherein the locking mechanism is configured to secure the device in one of the fully folded configuration, a partially unfolded configuration, 70Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 and a fully unfolded configuration.

8. A method of operating a foldable computing device, comprising: unfolding multiple folding sections of the foldable computing device to transform the foldable computing device from a fully folded configuration to an unfolded configuration, each folding section vertically or horizontally hingedly coupled to another folding section; and activating a computing component positioned within at least one folding section of the multiple folding sections, wherein the foldable computing device has a hand-held size when in the fully folded configuration and a laptop size when in an unfolded configuration.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising: activating a smartphone portion integrated into an outer surface of the foldable computing device when the device is in the fully folded configuration.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the smartphone portion remains accessible and functional when the device is in the fully folded configuration.

11. The method of claim 8, further comprising: detecting a current folding configuration of the foldable computing device using one or more sensors; and automatically adjusting a user interface of the foldable computing device based on the detected current folding state.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein automatically adjusting the user interface comprises transitioning between a smartphone interface, a tablet interface, and a laptop interface based on the detected current folding configuration.

13. The method of claim 8, further comprising: 71Attorney Docket No.56655-0032WO1 distributing power from a battery across the multiple folding sections.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein distributing power comprises selectively activating or deactivating components in different folding sections based on whether those sections are in use.

15. A foldable computing system, comprising: a foldable display having at least four folding sections, each folding section configured to fold horizontally or vertically relative to another folding section; a processor positioned within at least one of the folding sections; a memory positioned within at least one of the folding sections; and a top external folding section incorporating smartphone functionality, wherein the system is operable in a fully folded configuration and an unfolded configuration, wherein the top folding section is positioned on a top surface of the system in the fully folded configuration.

16. The foldable computing system of claim 15, further comprising a battery positioned within at least one of the folding sections.

17. The foldable computing system of claim 16, wherein the battery is configured to power the processor of the foldable computing system.

18. The foldable computing system of claim 15, further comprising one or more sensors configured to detect a folding configuration of the system.

19. The foldable computing system of claim 15, further comprising enabling a smartphone interface to be activated when the system is in the folded configuration.

20. The foldable computing system of claim 18, wherein the system comprises a smartphone interface when in the fully folded configuration and a laptop or tablet interface when in the unfolded configuration. 72

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