Electromagnetic wave transmission film and window structure

Abstract

An electromagnetic wave transmission film, according to embodiments of the present invention, comprises: a substrate; a conductive pattern disposed on the substrate and comprising first sub-patterns which are periodically arranged and are connected to each other, and a first separation area which is formed between the first sub-patterns; and a dummy pattern disposed on the substrate so as to be spaced apart from the conductive pattern. A window structure, according to embodiments of the present invention, comprises the electromagnetic wave transmission film according to the embodiments described above.

Description

Electromagnetic wave transparent film and window structure

[0001] The present invention relates to an electromagnetic wave transparent film and a window structure. More particularly, it relates to an electromagnetic wave transparent film and a window structure comprising a plurality of patterns.

[0002]

[0003] With the recent development of the information society, wireless communication technologies such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth are being applied or built into display devices, electronic devices, buildings, the Internet of Things (IoT), and autonomous vehicles. Furthermore, with the recent advancement of mobile communication technology, antennas for high-frequency or ultra-high-frequency communication are being widely applied to windows, home appliances, vehicle windows, and building exteriors. For example, along with Wi-Fi, which operates in bands such as 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz, and Bluetooth, which operates in the 2.45 GHz band, 5G (5th-generation) communication systems, which operate in high-frequency bands (e.g., 28 GHz or higher), are being commercialized.

[0004] However, transmission loss may occur due to the atmosphere or obstacles (e.g., walls or car windows) present in the transmission path before the electromagnetic wave radiated from the transmitter reaches the receiver.

[0005] Electromagnetic waves in high-frequency or ultra-high-frequency bands have high transmission speeds and short wavelengths, making them difficult to diffract and potentially resulting in relatively short transmission distances. For example, electromagnetic waves transmitted from a base station antenna may be lost, attenuated, or dissipated as they pass through walls or windows before reaching the receiver. This can result in reduced signal efficiency and coverage.

[0006] Furthermore, to improve heating and cooling efficiency and energy efficiency, low-emissivity (L-E) glass with high insulation properties is being used in building exterior walls, windows, and vehicle windows. However, since low-emissivity glass includes a metallic coating formed on the glass surface, the movement of radio waves can be impeded and blocked, increasing radio wave loss. Furthermore, if an electromagnetic wave-transmitting area is installed or formed in low-emissivity glass to compensate for signal loss, its insulation properties may be reduced.

[0007]

[0008] One object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic wave transparent film having improved radio wave transmittance and insulation properties.

[0009] An object of the present invention is to provide a window structure having improved radio wave transmittance and thermal insulation.

[0010]

[0011] 1. An electromagnetic wave transparent film comprising: a substrate; a conductive pattern including first sub-patterns periodically arranged and connected to each other on the substrate, and a first separation region formed between the first sub-patterns; and a dummy pattern arranged on the substrate and spaced apart from the conductive pattern.

[0012] 2. In the above 1, the width of the first sub-patterns is greater than the spacing between adjacent first sub-patterns among the first sub-patterns, an electromagnetic wave transparent film.

[0013] 3. An electromagnetic wave transparent film in the above 1, wherein the first sub-patterns adjacent to each other among the first sub-patterns are connected through a connecting structure.

[0014] 4. In the above 3, the width of the connecting structure is smaller than the width of the first sub-patterns, an electromagnetic wave transparent film.

[0015] 5. An electromagnetic wave transparent film, wherein the shortest distance between the center points of adjacent first sub-patterns among the first sub-patterns in the above 1 is 500 ㎛ or less.

[0016] 6. In the above 1, each of the first sub-patterns has a circular or polygonal shape, an electromagnetic wave transparent film.

[0017] 7. An electromagnetic wave transparent film in the above 1, wherein the aperture ratio of the above challenge pattern is 20% or less.

[0018] 8. An electromagnetic wave transparent film according to the above 1, wherein the dummy pattern includes second sub-patterns that are periodically arranged and a second separation region formed between the second sub-patterns.

[0019] 9. In the above 8, the second sub-patterns have an island pattern shape that is physically spaced apart from each other, an electromagnetic wave transparent film.

[0020] 10. An electromagnetic wave transparent film in the above 1, wherein the aperture ratio of the dummy pattern is 30% or less.

[0021] 11. An electromagnetic wave transparent film, wherein the ratio of the aperture ratio of the dummy pattern to the aperture ratio of the challenge pattern in the above 1 is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3.

[0022] 12. An electromagnetic wave transparent film, wherein in the above 1, the conductive pattern includes a first pattern including the first sub-patterns and the first separation region, and a second pattern spaced apart from the first pattern with the dummy pattern therebetween.

[0023] 13. An electromagnetic wave transparent film according to the above 12, wherein the second pattern includes third sub-patterns that are periodically arranged on the substrate and connected to each other, and a third separation region formed between the third sub-patterns.

[0024] 14. In the above 1, the electromagnetic wave transparent film includes a ring shape of a circle or polygon.

[0025] 15. An electromagnetic wave transparent film in the above 1, wherein the area of ​​the conductive pattern is larger than the area of ​​the dummy pattern when observed in a planar direction.

[0026] 16. An electromagnetic wave transparent film in which one unit cell is defined by the conductive pattern and the dummy pattern in the above 1, and a plurality of the unit cells are arranged adjacent to each other and repeatedly on the substrate.

[0027] 17. A window structure including an electromagnetic wave transparent film according to 1 above.

[0028] 18. A window structure further comprising a lower substrate disposed below the lower surface of the substrate in the above 17, and an air layer formed between the substrate and the lower substrate.

[0029]

[0030] An electromagnetic wave transparent film according to embodiments of the present invention may include a conductive pattern and a dummy pattern. The electromagnetic wave transparent film may selectively transmit, amplify, or reflect electromagnetic waves in a specific band. Accordingly, reflection, attenuation, and phase shift of electromagnetic waves in a desired band may be suppressed, thereby improving selective electromagnetic wave transmittance and reducing electromagnetic wave transmission loss.

[0031] The above-described conductive pattern may include first sub-patterns and a first separation region formed between the first sub-patterns. For example, the first sub-patterns may be periodically arranged and connected to each other. Accordingly, the heat flow and transfer of the electromagnetic wave transparent film may be blocked, thereby providing improved thermal resistance and thermal insulation.

[0032] The above dummy pattern includes second sub-patterns that are physically spaced apart from each other and can be spaced apart from the conductive pattern. Accordingly, the radio wave transparency and optical properties of the electromagnetic wave transparent film can be improved together.

[0033] A window structure according to exemplary embodiments may include an electrode layer including the conductive pattern and the dummy pattern, thereby reflecting or blocking thermal energy passing through an electromagnetic wave transparent film. Accordingly, a window structure having low emissivity characteristics while also improving radio wave transparency may be provided.

[0034]

[0035] FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing an electromagnetic wave transparent film according to exemplary embodiments.

[0036] Figures 2 and 3 are schematic plan views that enlarge areas A and B of Figure 1, respectively.

[0037] FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view showing a challenge pattern according to exemplary embodiments.

[0038] FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view showing an electromagnetic wave transparent film according to exemplary embodiments.

[0039] FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an electromagnetic wave transparent film according to exemplary embodiments.

[0040] Figures 7 to 9 are schematic cross-sectional views showing window structures according to exemplary embodiments.

[0041] Figures 10 to 12 are schematic plan views showing electromagnetic wave transparent films according to Comparative Examples 1 to 3, respectively.

[0042]

[0043] Embodiments of the present invention provide a conductive pattern and an electromagnetic wave transparent film including the conductive pattern.

[0044] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. However, the following drawings attached to this specification illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention and, together with the contents of the invention described above, serve to further understand the technical concept of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited to the matters described in such drawings.

[0045] The terms “upper”, “lower”, “first”, “second”, etc. used in the present invention indicate the relative positions of each component and do not imply an absolute superior-subordinate relationship.

[0046] FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing an electromagnetic wave transparent film according to exemplary embodiments.

[0047] Referring to FIG. 1, the electromagnetic wave transparent film may include a conductive pattern (10) and a dummy pattern (20).

[0048] The challenge pattern (10) may include first sub-patterns (12) and a first separation region (14) formed between the first sub-patterns (12).

[0049] The conductive pattern (10) can transmit electromagnetic waves of a certain band among the incident electromagnetic waves, while absorbing or reflecting electromagnetic waves of a certain band. For example, the conductive pattern (10) can selectively transmit, amplify, or block electromagnetic waves of a certain band among the electromagnetic waves incident on the surface of the electromagnetic wave transparent film.

[0050] For example, electromagnetic waves with high or ultra-high frequency bands, such as those used in 4G / 5G, have short wavelengths and are difficult to diffract, which can increase reflection and interference. Consequently, when passing through structures like walls and glass, electromagnetic waves experience increased loss and attenuation, potentially reducing signal efficiency and coverage.

[0051] The challenge pattern (10) can selectively transmit or reflect electromagnetic waves of a specific band by controlling the phase, direction of propagation, and refractive index of the incident electromagnetic waves. Therefore, transmission loss and attenuation can be prevented even in high frequency bands, and signal intensity can be increased and electromagnetic noise can be reduced in a desired frequency band.

[0052] Figures 2 and 3 are schematic plan views that enlarge areas A and B of Figure 1, respectively.

[0053] Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the first sub-patterns (12) can be arranged periodically. Accordingly, the reflectivity and refractive index of the electromagnetic wave transparent film can be uniformized or leveled. Accordingly, visibility due to optical deviation can be suppressed. For example, the first sub-patterns (12) can be arranged in the row direction and the column direction. For example, a plurality of first sub-patterns (12) can be arranged in the row direction to define a first sub-pattern row, and a plurality of first sub-patterns (12) can be arranged in the column direction to define a first sub-pattern column.

[0054] In one embodiment, a plurality of rows of the first sub-patterns may be arranged in the column direction. In one embodiment, a plurality of columns of the first sub-patterns may be arranged in the row direction.

[0055] In exemplary embodiments, adjacent first sub-patterns (12) among the first sub-patterns (12) may be arranged to be spaced apart from each other. For example, a first separation region (14) may be arranged between adjacent first sub-patterns (12) among the first sub-patterns (12). Accordingly, the transmittance of electromagnetic waves may increase. For example, when electromagnetic waves pass through a metal layer, absorption or reflection of electromagnetic waves due to the metal component may increase.

[0056] In some embodiments, the width (W1) of the first sub-patterns (12) may be 150 μm to 250 μm or 180 μm to 200 μm. In this range, the electromagnetic wave absorption or reflection characteristics of the electromagnetic wave transparent film may be further improved.

[0057] In some embodiments, the distance (G1) between adjacent first sub-patterns (12) among the first sub-patterns (12) may be smaller than the width (W1) of the first sub-patterns (12). Accordingly, the visibility of the conductive pattern (10) may be improved and the insulation of the electromagnetic wave transparent film may be enhanced. The distance (G1) may represent the shortest distance between the facing sides of adjacent first sub-patterns (12) among the first sub-patterns (12).

[0058] In some embodiments, the spacing (G1) between adjacent first sub-patterns (12) among the first sub-patterns (12) may be 5 μm to 20 μm. Within this range, electromagnetic wave transmittance and optical characteristics may be improved, while thermal insulation may be further enhanced. In one embodiment, the spacing (G1) between adjacent first sub-patterns (12) may be 7 μm to 15 μm, or 8 μm to 12 μm.

[0059] In exemplary embodiments, the first sub-patterns (12) may be connected to each other. For example, the first sub-patterns (12) may be physically and electrically connected.

[0060] In some embodiments, adjacent first sub-patterns (12) may be connected to each other through a connecting structure (16). In some embodiments, the first sub-patterns (12) may be physically and electrically connected to each other through the connecting structure (16). In one embodiment, the connecting structure (16) may be disposed on the first separation region (14) to connect adjacent first sub-patterns (12).

[0061] For example, the connecting structure (16) may include a bar shape extending between adjacent first sub-patterns (12) among the first sub-patterns (12).

[0062] According to some embodiments, the first sub-patterns (12) and the connecting structure (16) that are adjacent to each other among the first sub-patterns (12) can be formed as a substantially integral member.

[0063] In some embodiments, the first sub-patterns (12) may be entirely connected by a connecting structure (16). In some embodiments, the first separation region (14) may include first separation regions (14a, 14b) that are physically spaced apart from each other by the connecting structure (16). Accordingly, the frequency selectivity of the electromagnetic wave transparent film may be improved, and the aperture ratio of the conductive pattern (10) may be reduced, thereby improving the insulation properties of the electromagnetic wave transparent film.

[0064] In some embodiments, the width (W3) of the connecting structure (16) may be smaller than the width (W1) of the first sub-patterns (12).

[0065] In some embodiments, the width (W3) of the connecting structure (16) may be 0.01 μm to 50 μm. In this range, the first sub-patterns (12) may be connected through the connecting structure, so that visibility due to optical deviation may be suppressed. In some embodiments, the width (W3) of the connecting structure (16) may be 0.01 μm to 40 μm, 0.5 μm to 30 μm, 1 μm to 20 μm, or 1 μm to 10 μm.

[0066] In some embodiments, the period (P1) of the first sub-patterns (12) may be 500 μm or less. The term "period" as used herein may mean the shortest distance between the center points of adjacent patterns.

[0067] In some embodiments, the period (P1) of the first sub-patterns (12) may be 300 μm or less, 250 μm or less, or 230 μm or less. In some embodiments, the period (P1) of the first sub-patterns (12) may be 80 μm or more, 100 μm or more, or 150 μm or more.

[0068] In some embodiments, the period (P1) of the first sub-patterns (12) may be 80 μm to 300 μm, 100 μm to 250 μm, or 150 μm to 230 μm.

[0069] Within the above range, coupling between the first sub-patterns (12) can be suppressed, and the generation of electromagnetic wave transmission loss and noise can be suppressed. Accordingly, the selective transmission characteristics of electromagnetic waves in a desired band can be improved. Within the above range, the electromagnetic wave transmittance and thermal insulation properties of the electromagnetic wave transparent film can be improved simultaneously.

[0070] In exemplary embodiments, each of the first sub-patterns (12) may have a circular or polygonal shape, such as a square, pentagon, or hexagon. For example, each of the first sub-patterns (12) may include a solid structure having a circular or polygonal shape.

[0071] In exemplary embodiments, the aperture ratio of the conductive pattern (10) may be 20% or less. The aperture ratio of the conductive pattern (10) may be calculated as a percentage of the total area of ​​the first separation region (14) relative to the total area of ​​the conductive pattern (10). For example, the total area of ​​the first sub-patterns (12) may be 80% or more of the total area of ​​the conductive pattern (10). Accordingly, the electromagnetic wave transmittance of the electromagnetic wave transparent film may increase, and the insulation may be improved.

[0072] In some embodiments, the aperture ratio of the conductive pattern (10) may be 15% or less or 12% or less. In some embodiments, the aperture ratio of the conductive pattern (10) may be greater than 3%, for example, greater than 5%. Within this range, the electromagnetic wave transmittance through the first sub-patterns (12) may increase while the heat transfer and radiation may decrease.

[0073] For example, the aperture ratio of the electromagnetic wave transparent film may be increased by the first separation region (14). As the aperture ratio increases, heat transfer through the first separation region (14) may increase, and the thermal resistance of the electromagnetic wave transparent film may be reduced. Accordingly, the insulation properties of the electromagnetic wave transparent film may be reduced.

[0074] In exemplary embodiments, the dummy pattern (20) may be electrically and physically separated from the conductive pattern (10).

[0075] In some embodiments, the dummy pattern (20) may include second sub-patterns (22) that are periodically arranged and a second separation region (24) formed between the second sub-patterns (22).

[0076] In exemplary embodiments, the distance (G3) between the conductive pattern (10) and the dummy pattern (20) may be about 1 μm to 10 μm, or about 3 μm to 10 μm. For example, the distance (G3) between the conductive pattern (10) and the dummy pattern (20) may represent the shortest distance between the opposing sides of the adjacent first sub-pattern (12) and second sub-pattern (22). Within the above range, the visibility of the conductive pattern (10) can be suppressed while ensuring insulation between the dummy pattern (20) and the conductive pattern (10).

[0077] In some embodiments, the second sub-patterns (22) may have an island pattern shape that is physically spaced apart from each other. Accordingly, changes in capacitance or inductance due to electrical connection between the second sub-patterns (22) can be prevented.

[0078] In some embodiments, adjacent second sub-patterns (22) among the second sub-patterns (22) may be arranged spaced apart from each other. In some embodiments, the second sub-patterns (22) may be arranged periodically and repeatedly. Accordingly, the reflectivity and refractive index of the electromagnetic wave transparent film may be uniformized or leveled. Accordingly, visibility due to optical deviation may be suppressed.

[0079] For example, the second sub-patterns (22) may be arranged in the row direction and the column direction. For example, a plurality of second sub-patterns (22) may be arranged in the row direction to define a second sub-pattern row, and a plurality of second sub-patterns (22) may be arranged in the column direction to define a first sub-pattern column.

[0080] In one embodiment, a plurality of rows of the second sub-patterns may be arranged in the column direction. In one embodiment, a plurality of columns of the second sub-patterns may be arranged in the row direction.

[0081] In exemplary embodiments, adjacent second sub-patterns (22) may be arranged spaced apart from each other. For example, a second separation region (24) may be arranged between adjacent second sub-patterns (22).

[0082] In some embodiments, the distance (G2) between adjacent second sub-patterns (22) among the second sub-patterns (22) may be smaller than the width (W2) of the second sub-patterns (22). Accordingly, the visibility of the dummy pattern (20) may be improved, while the insulation of the electromagnetic wave transparent film may be enhanced.

[0083] In some embodiments, the spacing (G2) between adjacent second sub-patterns (22) among the second sub-patterns (22) may be 5 μm to 20 μm. Within this range, electromagnetic wave transmittance and optical characteristics may be improved while further enhancing insulation properties. In one embodiment, the spacing (G2) between adjacent second sub-patterns (22) may be 7 μm to 15 μm, or 8 μm to 12 μm.

[0084] In some embodiments, the period (P2) of the second sub-patterns (22) may be 500 μm or less, 250 μm or less, or 230 μm or less. In some embodiments, the period (P2) of the second sub-patterns (22) may be 80 μm or more, 10 μm or more, or 150 μm or more.

[0085] In some embodiments, the period (P2) of the second sub-patterns (22) may be 80 μm to 300 μm, 100 μm to 250 μm, or 150 μm to 230 μm.

[0086] Within the above range, coupling between the second sub-patterns (22) can be suppressed, thereby suppressing electromagnetic wave transmission loss and noise generation. Accordingly, the selective transmission characteristics of electromagnetic waves within a desired band can be improved. Within the above range, the electromagnetic wave transmittance and thermal insulation properties of the electromagnetic wave transparent film can be improved simultaneously.

[0087] In exemplary embodiments, each of the second sub-patterns (22) may have a circular or polygonal shape, such as a square, pentagon, or hexagon. For example, each of the second sub-patterns (22) may include a solid structure having a circular or polygonal shape.

[0088] In some embodiments, the aperture ratio of the dummy pattern (20) may be 30% or less. The aperture ratio of the dummy pattern (20) may be calculated as a percentage of the ratio of the total area of ​​the second separation region (24) to the total area of ​​the dummy pattern (20). For example, the total area of ​​the second sub-patterns (22) may be 30% or more of the total area of ​​the dummy pattern (20).

[0089] When the aperture ratio of the dummy pattern (20) is 30% or less, the thermal energy passing through the conductive pattern (10) can be reduced, and the electromagnetic wave transparent film can have high reflectivity characteristics for radiation in the infrared or far infrared region. Accordingly, the transmittance for electromagnetic waves can be improved while the insulation can be improved.

[0090] In some embodiments, the aperture ratio of the dummy pattern (20) may be 20% or less, 15% or less, or 12% or less. Within this range, the electromagnetic wave transparent film may have high selective electromagnetic wave transparency while also improving insulation properties.

[0091] In some embodiments, the aperture ratio of the dummy pattern (20) may be 5% or more, or 7% or more. Accordingly, selective electromagnetic wave transmittance may be improved while blocking thermal conduction and radiation.

[0092] In some embodiments, the aperture ratio of the dummy pattern (20) may be 5% to 30%, 5% to 20%, 7% to 15%, or 7% to 12%.

[0093] In some embodiments, the aperture ratio of the conductive pattern (10) may be smaller than the aperture ratio of the dummy pattern (20). Accordingly, the selective electromagnetic wave transmittance and thermal insulation of the electromagnetic wave transparent film may be improved.

[0094] In some embodiments, the ratio of the aperture ratio of the dummy pattern (20) to the aperture ratio of the conductive pattern (10) may be greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3. For example, when the ratio of the aperture ratio exceeds 3, the high reflectivity of the electromagnetic wave transparent film for radiation in the infrared or far infrared region may not be realized. For example, when the ratio of the aperture ratio is less than or equal to 1, the insulating property of the electromagnetic wave transparent film may increase, but the selective electromagnetic wave transmittance by the conductive pattern (10) and the dummy pattern (20) may decrease.

[0095] In some embodiments, the ratio of the aperture ratio of the dummy pattern (20) to the aperture ratio of the conductive pattern (10) may be greater than 1 and less than 3, or 1.01 to 1.5. In this range, the electromagnetic wave transmittance of the electromagnetic wave transparent film may increase while further improving the insulation properties.

[0096] Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view showing a challenge pattern (10) according to exemplary embodiments. For convenience of explanation, the illustration of the dummy pattern (20) is omitted in Fig. 4.

[0097] Referring to FIG. 4, the challenge pattern (10) may include a first pattern (10a) including first sub-patterns (12) and a first separation region (14), and a second pattern (10b) spaced apart from the first pattern (10a) with a dummy pattern (20) therebetween.

[0098] As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the second pattern (10b) may include third sub-patterns (18) that are periodically arranged and connected to each other and a third separation region (19) formed between the third sub-patterns (18).

[0099] The third sub-patterns (18) may be formed with substantially the same pattern as the first sub-patterns (12). For example, adjacent third sub-patterns (18) may be connected through a connecting structure (16). In some embodiments, the third sub-patterns (18) may be physically and electrically connected through the connecting structure (16). In some embodiments, the connecting structure (16) may be disposed on the third separation region (19) to connect adjacent third sub-patterns (18).

[0100] According to some embodiments, the second pattern (10b) may be formed around the edge of the first pattern (10a) with the first pattern (10a) as the center. For example, the second pattern (10b) may have a shape that surrounds the first pattern (10a).

[0101] The transmission and reflection characteristics of electromagnetic waves incident on the conductive pattern (10) can be controlled by the first pattern (10a) and the second pattern (10b). Accordingly, the transmittance for electromagnetic waves in a desired band can be improved, or electromagnetic waves in a cutoff frequency band can be suppressed or attenuated by the conductive pattern (10).

[0102] In some embodiments, the challenge pattern (10) may include a circular or polygonal ring shape.

[0103] In some embodiments, the second pattern (10b) may have a circular or polygonal ring shape or a closed loop shape. The outer border of the second pattern (10b) may have a circular or polygonal shape, such as a square or hexagon. For example, the second pattern (10b) may include a border pattern having a circular or polygonal ring shape.

[0104] In one embodiment, the challenge pattern (10) may include a corner pattern (15) in which the second pattern (10b) protrudes toward the center. The corner pattern (15) may be integrally connected with the second pattern (10b).

[0105] In Fig. 4, the corner pattern (15) is shown as being formed at each corner of the second pattern (10b), but this is not limited thereto. For example, the corner pattern (15) may be formed at at least one side or one corner of the second pattern (10b).

[0106] The position at which the corner pattern (15) is formed can be adjusted according to the frequency band of the electromagnetic wave reflected by the electromagnetic wave transparent film.

[0107] The first pattern (10a) may be arranged within the second pattern (10b) when observed in a planar direction. For example, the first pattern (10a) may have an independent island pattern shape arranged at the center of the ring shape.

[0108] The first pattern (10a) is arranged within the second pattern (10b), so that the overall aperture ratio of the conductive pattern (10) can be reduced. Accordingly, the conductive pattern (10) can have low thermal conductivity and high thermal resistance.

[0109] The first pattern (10a) may have a circular or polygonal shape. In one embodiment, the shape of the first pattern (10a) may be adjusted according to the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted or shielded.

[0110] In one embodiment, the outer border of the first pattern (10a) and the outer border of the second pattern (10b) may have the same shape or appearance. For example, if the outer border of the first pattern (10a) has a square shape, the outer border of the second pattern (10b) may also have a square shape.

[0111] In exemplary embodiments, the area of ​​the conductive pattern (10) may be larger than the area of ​​the dummy pattern (20) when observed in a planar direction. Accordingly, the thermal resistance and electromagnetic wave transmittance of the electromagnetic wave transparent film may be improved together.

[0112] In some embodiments, the conductive pattern (10), the dummy pattern (20), and / or the connecting structure (16) may include a solid structure. For example, the first sub-patterns (12), the second sub-patterns (22), and the third sub-patterns (18) may include a solid structure. Accordingly, the overall aperture ratio of the electromagnetic wave transparent film may be reduced, thereby lowering the thermal conductivity and thermal transmittance, and improving the insulation.

[0113] According to exemplary embodiments, the conductive pattern (10), the dummy pattern (20), and / or the connecting structure (16) may include a metal, an alloy, a metal oxide, or a transparent conductive oxide. For example, the first sub-patterns (12), the second sub-patterns (22), and the third sub-patterns (18) may include a metal, an alloy, a metal oxide, or a transparent conductive oxide.

[0114] According to some embodiments, the conductive pattern (10), the dummy pattern (20), and / or the connecting structure (16) may include silver (Ag), gold (Au), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), vanadium (V), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), tin (Sn), molybdenum (Mo), calcium (Ca), or an alloy containing at least one of these. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more thereof.

[0115] In one embodiment, the conductive pattern (10), the dummy pattern (20), and / or the connecting structure (16) may include silver (Ag) or a silver alloy (e.g., a silver-palladium-copper (APC) alloy), or copper (Cu) or a copper alloy (e.g., a copper-calcium (CuCa) alloy).

[0116] In some embodiments, the conductive pattern (10), the dummy pattern (20), and / or the connecting structure (16) may include a transparent conductive oxide. For example, even if the first sub-patterns (12), the second sub-patterns (22), and the third sub-patterns (18) have a solid structure, the electromagnetic wave transmission loss and optical properties may be improved. Accordingly, the visibility, radio wave transmittance, and thermal insulation of the electromagnetic wave transparent film may be further improved.

[0117] The transparent conductive oxide may include indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium zinc tin oxide (IZTO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), zinc oxide (ZnOx), indium oxide (InOx), tin oxide (SnOx), cadmium tin oxide (CTO), gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO), zinc tin oxide (ZTO), indium gallium oxide (IGO), and the like.

[0118] In some embodiments, the conductive pattern (10), the dummy pattern (20) and / or the connecting structure (16) may include a laminated structure of a transparent conductive oxide layer and a metal layer, for example, a two-layer structure of a transparent conductive oxide layer-metal layer, or a three-layer structure of a transparent conductive oxide layer-metal layer-transparent conductive oxide layer.

[0119] In one embodiment, the conductive pattern (10), the dummy pattern (20), and / or the connecting structure (16) may include a metamaterial. The electromagnetic wave transparency, refractive index, incidence angle, and frequency band can be controlled by the metamaterial.

[0120] For example, the first sub-patterns (12) and the connecting structure (16) described above may include the same material and be formed as a substantially integral member.

[0121] FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view showing an electromagnetic wave transparent film according to exemplary embodiments.

[0122] Referring to Fig. 5, one unit cell (C) can be defined by a challenge pattern (10) and a dummy pattern (20). A plurality of the unit cells (C) can be arranged adjacent to each other and repeatedly.

[0123] The unit cells (C) can be arranged periodically to enhance the selective transmission characteristics for electromagnetic waves of a specific band. For example, capacitance or inductance is induced by conductive patterns (10) arranged at a regular period, and the electromagnetic wave transparent film can resonate at a frequency having a specific impedance. Therefore, the frequency selectivity of the electromagnetic wave transparent film can be further enhanced.

[0124] In one embodiment, adjacent unit cells (C) may be in contact with each other. For example, the unit cells (C) may be formed integrally. In one embodiment, the unit cells (C) may be arranged so as to be physically spaced from each other.

[0125] The electromagnetic properties of the electromagnetic wave transparent film can be controlled by the arrangement of the unit cells (C). For example, the shape, arrangement period, and spacing of the unit cells (C) can be designed or controlled by considering the target frequency band to be transmitted, the direction of electromagnetic wave propagation, or the transmittance and reflectance of infrared, ultraviolet, and visible light, etc.

[0126] The challenge pattern (10) and the dummy pattern (20) can be placed on the substrate (30).

[0127] The substrate (30) may include, for example, a transparent resin material. For example, the substrate (30) may include a polyester resin such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene isophthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, or polybutylene terephthalate; a cellulose resin such as diacetyl cellulose or triacetyl cellulose; a polycarbonate resin; an acrylic resin such as polymethyl (meth) acrylate or polyethyl (meth) acrylate; a styrene resin such as polystyrene or an acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer; a polyolefin resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene, a polyolefin having a cyclo- or norbornene structure, or an ethylene-propylene copolymer; a vinyl chloride resin; an amide resin such as nylon or an aromatic polyamide; an imide resin; a polyethersulfone resin; a sulfone resin; a polyetheretherketone resin; a sulfated polyphenylene resin; a vinyl alcohol resin; It may include vinylidene chloride resin; vinyl butyral resin; allylate resin; polyoxymethylene resin; epoxy resin; urethane or acrylic urethane resin; silicone resin, etc. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0128] In one embodiment, an adhesive film such as an optically clear adhesive (OCA), an optically clear resin (OCR), or the like may be included in the substrate (30).

[0129] In some embodiments, the substrate (30) may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, or the like.

[0130] According to one embodiment, the object to which the electromagnetic wave transparent film is attached may be provided as a substrate (30). For example, a glass substrate such as a building exterior wall, a window, an appliance, or an automobile window may be provided as the substrate (30) of the electromagnetic wave transparent film.

[0131] In some embodiments, the dielectric constant of the substrate (30) can be adjusted to a range of about 2 to 12.

[0132] In some embodiments, the challenge pattern (10) and the dummy pattern (20) may be arranged at the same level or in the same layer on the substrate (30).

[0133] The electromagnetic wave transparent film can be provided as an electromagnetic wave transparent device, an electromagnetic wave amplifier, a resonator, a filter, a frequency selective surface (FSS), a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), an insulating film, etc.

[0134] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic wave transparent film can be applied to wireless communication systems, image display devices, electronic devices, buildings, aircraft, vehicles, etc. For example, the electromagnetic wave transparent film can be attached to windows, home appliances, vehicle windows, building exterior walls, etc. to selectively absorb electromagnetic waves while blocking internal and external heat flow.

[0135] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic wave transparent film can reflect radio waves in a frequency range of 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz and / or 5 GHz to 5.9 GHz. For example, the radio wave transmittance in the frequency range of 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz can be -3 dB or less or -10 dB or less. For example, the radio wave transmittance in the frequency range of 5 GHz to 5.9 GHz can be -3 dB or less or -10 dB or less. According to some embodiments, the electromagnetic wave transparent film can reflect radio waves in the frequency range of 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz and / or 5 GHz to 5.9 GHz and transmit radio waves in other frequency bands.

[0136] FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an electromagnetic wave transparent film according to exemplary embodiments.

[0137] Referring to FIG. 6, the electromagnetic wave transparent film may include a substrate (30) and an electrode pattern layer (100) disposed on the substrate (30).

[0138] The electrode pattern layer (100) may include an electrode layer (130) including the above-described conductive pattern and dummy pattern.

[0139] The electrode layer (130) may include the metal, alloy, metal oxide, or transparent conductive oxide described above. In one embodiment, the electrode layer (130) may include a solid structure.

[0140] The thermal energy such as thermal radiation passing through the electromagnetic wave transparent film can be blocked by the electrode pattern layer (100), thereby improving the insulating properties of the electromagnetic wave transparent film. For example, the electromagnetic wave transparent film can have improved thermal energy blocking or reflection properties by including the electrode pattern layer (100) including the metal described above. Accordingly, the electromagnetic wave transparent film can be provided as a low-emissivity film or an insulating film having low thermal emissivity and thermal transmittance.

[0141] In addition, the radio wave transparency of the electromagnetic wave transparent film can be improved by the above-described separation regions included in the challenge pattern and the dummy pattern, and the radio wave transparency loss due to the electrode layer (130) can be suppressed. Accordingly, an electromagnetic wave transparent film having improved insulation and radio wave transparency can be provided.

[0142] In one embodiment, the electrode pattern layer (100) may further include a lower insulating layer (120) disposed between the substrate (30) and the electrode layer (130) and / or an upper insulating layer (140) disposed on the electrode layer (130).

[0143] The mechanical properties and stability, such as crack resistance, of the electrode pattern layer (100) can be improved by the lower insulating layer (120). The oxidation and corrosion of the metal or metal oxide included in the electrode pattern layer (100) can be prevented by the upper insulating layer (140).

[0144] In one embodiment, the lower insulating layer (120) and the upper insulating layer (140) may include an organic insulating material such as an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, an imide-based resin, or an inorganic insulating material such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, or the like.

[0145] In one embodiment, a transparent film may be provided as the lower insulating layer (120) and the upper insulating layer (140). For example, the transparent film may include the transparent resin material described above.

[0146] In some embodiments, the dielectric constants of the lower insulating layer (120) and the upper insulating layer (140) can be adjusted to a range of about 2 to 12, respectively. When the dielectric constant exceeds about 12, reflection, refraction, and phase change of electromagnetic waves may increase, thereby reducing electromagnetic wave transmittance.

[0147] According to exemplary embodiments, the electrode pattern layer (100) may further include an adhesive layer (150). The electrode pattern layer (100) may be attached to the substrate (30) by the adhesive layer (150). In some embodiments, the adhesive layer (150) may include an adhesive film such as an optically clear adhesive (OCA), an optically clear resin (OCR), or the like.

[0148] The window structure according to embodiments of the present invention may include the above-described conductive pattern or electromagnetic wave transparent film.

[0149] Figures 7 to 9 are schematic cross-sectional views showing window structures according to exemplary embodiments.

[0150] Referring to FIG. 7, the window structure may include a substrate (30) and an electrode pattern layer (100) disposed on the substrate (30).

[0151] The location and size of the region where the electrode pattern layer (100) is formed can be designed or controlled by considering the surrounding environment or the operating conditions of the antenna. For example, indoor and outdoor temperature, humidity, thickness and permittivity of the substrate, surrounding structures, permittivity and physical properties of the structures, height and signal transmission path of the window structure, frequency of electromagnetic waves, angle of incidence, and transmission distance, etc. can be considered.

[0152] The electromagnetic wave transmittance of a specific band of electromagnetic waves incident on the window structure may be increased by the electrode pattern layer (100). In addition, the electrode pattern layer (100) may block thermal energy such as thermal radiation passing through the window structure, thereby improving thermal insulation. Accordingly, the thermal emissivity and thermal transmittance of the window structure may be reduced.

[0153] In one embodiment, the thermal emissivity of the window structure may be 0.8 or less, 0.5 or less, 0.3 or less, or 0.1 or less. For example, the thermal emissivity of the window structure may be greater than 0 and less than 0.1. In the above range, the thermal insulation of the window structure may be further improved.

[0154] In one embodiment, the thermal transmittance of the window structure is 4.5 W / m 2 K or less. For example, the thermal transmittance of the window structure is 3.7 W / m 2 K or less or 3.2 W / m 2 K to 3.5 W / m 2 It may be K. Accordingly, a window structure with improved insulation properties and improved radio wave permeability can be provided.

[0155] In one embodiment, the window structure may further include a lower substrate (32). For example, the window structure may have a pair glass form.

[0156] The electrode pattern layer (100) may be formed on the substrate (30) or the lower substrate (32). In one embodiment, the electrode pattern layer (100) may be formed on both the substrate (30) and the lower substrate (32).

[0157] In one embodiment, the electrode pattern layer (100) may be formed on the opposite surface of the substrate (30) to which electromagnetic waves are incident. For example, a lower substrate (32) facing the substrate (30) may be placed on the upper surface of the electrode pattern layer (100) placed on the substrate (30).

[0158] Referring to FIG. 8, an air layer (200) may be formed between the substrate (30) and the lower substrate (32). The air layer (200) may include air or argon (Ar) gas. The heat flow through conduction and convection may be further suppressed by the air layer (200). Accordingly, the window structure may have improved insulation properties.

[0159] As illustrated in Fig. 8, the electrode pattern layer (100) may be formed on one surface of the substrate (30) facing the air layer (200). For example, the electrode pattern layer (100) may be formed on the opposite surface of the surface of the substrate (30) to which electromagnetic waves are incident.

[0160] Referring to Fig. 9, the electrode pattern layer (100) may be formed on the opposite surface of the surface of the substrate (30) that faces the air layer (200). For example, the electrode pattern layer (100) may be formed on the surface of the substrate (30) onto which electromagnetic waves are incident.

[0161] The above window structure can be applied to various structures and objects, such as windows of public transportation such as buses and subways, buildings, windows, vehicles, decorative sculptures, and guidance signs (e.g., directional signs, emergency exit signs, emergency lights), etc. The above window structure can improve insulation and energy efficiency, and increase signal efficiency by antennas or radars.

[0162]

[0163] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments are presented to help understand the present invention, but these embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the appended claims. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications to the embodiments are possible within the scope and technical idea of ​​the present invention, and it is also natural that such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0164]

[0165] Experimental example

[0166] Example

[0167] A window structure was manufactured by attaching an electromagnetic wave transparent film on a glass substrate. Specifically, an electrode pattern layer including a conductive pattern and a dummy pattern was formed on a glass substrate (thickness 4.8 μm) as shown in Fig. 1. The electrode pattern layer was formed in a three-layer structure of a lower insulating layer - an electrode layer (IZO / APC / IZO) - an upper insulating layer. The electrode pattern layer was bonded to the glass substrate using OCA (thickness 5 μm).

[0168] The challenge pattern and dummy pattern were formed to have the shape of Fig. 2.

[0169] The period (P1) of the first sub-pattern was set to 200 μm, the width (W1) of the first sub-pattern was set to 190 μm, and the spacing (G1) between the first sub-patterns was set to 10 μm. The width (W3) of the connecting structure was set to 5 μm. The period, width, and spacing of the third sub-patterns were set to be the same as those of the first sub-patterns. The conductive pattern had an aperture ratio of 9.5%.

[0170] The period (P2) of the second sub-pattern was set to 200 μm, the width (W2) of the second sub-pattern was set to 190 μm, and the spacing (G2) between the second sub-patterns was set to 10 μm. The dummy pattern had an aperture ratio of 9.75%.

[0171]

[0172] Comparative Example 1

[0173] Fig. 10 is a schematic plan view showing an electromagnetic wave transparent film according to Comparative Example 1.

[0174] A window structure was manufactured in the same manner as in the embodiment, except that instead of the above challenge pattern, a single metal pattern (40) having a solid shape as in Fig. 10 was used.

[0175] Comparative Example 2

[0176] Fig. 11 is a schematic plan view showing an electromagnetic wave transparent film according to Comparative Example 2.

[0177] A window structure was manufactured in the same manner as in the embodiment, except that instead of forming the above-described conductive pattern and the above-described dummy pattern on a glass substrate, an electromagnetic wave transparent film was formed by patterning conductive patterns (CP) having an island pattern shape physically spaced apart from each other as shown in FIG. 11.

[0178] Comparative Example 3

[0179] Fig. 12 is a schematic plan view showing an electromagnetic wave transparent film according to Comparative Example 3.

[0180] A window structure was manufactured in the same manner as in the embodiment, except that instead of the conductive pattern including the first sub-patterns, a single metal pattern (40) having a solid shape as shown in FIG. 12 was used, and instead of the dummy pattern, a dummy mesh pattern (50) including intersecting conductive lines and segments from which the conductive lines are cut was patterned to form an electromagnetic wave transparent film.

[0181]

[0182] Visibility assessment

[0183] The visibility of the challenge pattern and dummy pattern was evaluated by visually observing the window structure.

[0184] <Evaluation Criteria>

[0185] ◎: Pattern is not visible from all directions

[0186] △: Pattern is recognized in a specific direction

[0187] ×: The pattern is clearly recognized

[0188]

[0189] Radio transmission loss assessment

[0190] The radio wave transmission through the window structure was evaluated. The radio wave transmission loss was measured as a relative value to the transmission in air in the frequency range of 27 GHz to 29 GHz.

[0191] <Evaluation Criteria>

[0192] ◎: Radio transmission loss -5dB or more

[0193] ○: Radio transmission loss less than -5dB and more than -30dB

[0194] ×: Radio transmission loss less than -30dB

[0195]

[0196] Insulation evaluation

[0197] The thermal emissivity of the window structure was measured using an infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) according to KS L 2514. The thermal transmittance of the window structure was measured using the measured emissivity according to KS L 2003:2013.

[0198] <Evaluation Criteria>

[0199] ◎: Thermal emissivity less than 0.1 and thermal transmittance 3.5 W / m 2 Less than K

[0200] ○: Thermal emissivity 0.1 to 0.3, and thermal transmittance 3.5 W / m 2 K to 4.5 W / m 2 K

[0201] △: Thermal emissivity exceeding 0.3 and less than 0.8, and thermal transmittance of 4.5 W / m 2 K exceeds 5.5 W / m 2 Less than K

[0202] ×: Thermal emissivity of 0.8 or more, and thermal transmittance of 5.5 W / m 2 K or higher

[0203]

[0204] Frequency selectivity evaluation

[0205] The frequency selectivity of the window structure was evaluated. Specifically, the transmission of radio waves in the 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz and 5 GHz to 5.9 GHz frequency ranges by the pattern of the frequency selective surface was measured.

[0206] <Evaluation Criteria>

[0207] ◎: Radio transmittance -10dB or less

[0208] ○: Radio transmittance exceeding -10dB and below -3dB

[0209] ×: Radio transmittance exceeds -3dB

[0210]

[0211] The evaluation results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0212] Visibility Radio wave penetration loss Insulation Frequency selectivity Example ◎◎◎◎Comparative example 1△◎◎○Comparative example 2◎◎◎×Comparative example 3△◎△○

[0213] Referring to Table 1, the window structure of the embodiment has improved frequency selectivity and visibility.

[0214] However, in the comparative examples, the visibility, insulation, or frequency selectivity of the window structure was reduced.

[0215] In the case of Comparative Example 1, which includes a challenge pattern formed of a single metal pattern, the insulation and frequency selectivity were lowered compared to the embodiment.

[0216] For Comparative Example 2, which included sub-patterns separated from each other, low frequency selectivity was observed. For Comparative Example 3, which included intersecting conductive lines and segments of dummy patterns, both visibility and insulation were degraded.

Claims

1. Substrate; A conductive pattern including first sub-patterns periodically arranged and connected to each other on the substrate, and a first separation region formed between the first sub-patterns; and An electromagnetic wave transparent film comprising a dummy pattern arranged spaced apart from the conductive pattern on the substrate.

2. An electromagnetic wave transparent film according to claim 1, wherein the width of the first sub-patterns is greater than the spacing between adjacent first sub-patterns among the first sub-patterns.

3. An electromagnetic wave transparent film according to claim 1, wherein the first sub-patterns adjacent to each other are connected through a connecting structure.

4. In claim 3, the electromagnetic wave transparent film has a width of the connecting structure smaller than the width of the first sub-patterns.

5. An electromagnetic wave transparent film according to claim 1, wherein the shortest distance between the center points of adjacent first sub-patterns among the first sub-patterns is 500 μm or less.

6. An electromagnetic wave transparent film according to claim 1, wherein each of the first sub-patterns has a circular or polygonal shape.

7. An electromagnetic wave transparent film according to claim 1, wherein the aperture ratio of the conductive pattern is 20% or less.

8. An electromagnetic wave transparent film according to claim 1, wherein the dummy pattern includes second sub-patterns that are periodically arranged and a second separation region formed between the second sub-patterns.

9. An electromagnetic wave transparent film according to claim 8, wherein the second sub-patterns have an island pattern shape that is physically spaced apart from each other.

10. An electromagnetic wave transparent film according to claim 1, wherein the aperture ratio of the dummy pattern is 30% or less.

11. An electromagnetic wave transparent film according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the aperture ratio of the dummy pattern to the aperture ratio of the conductive pattern is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3.

12. An electromagnetic wave transparent film according to claim 1, wherein the conductive pattern comprises a first pattern including the first sub-patterns and the first separation region, and a second pattern spaced apart from the first pattern with the dummy pattern therebetween.

13. An electromagnetic wave transparent film according to claim 12, wherein the second pattern includes third sub-patterns that are periodically arranged on the substrate and connected to each other, and a third separation region formed between the third sub-patterns.

14. An electromagnetic wave transparent film according to claim 1, wherein the conductive pattern includes a circular or polygonal ring shape.

15. An electromagnetic wave transparent film according to claim 1, wherein the area of ​​the conductive pattern is larger than the area of ​​the dummy pattern when observed in a planar direction.

16. An electromagnetic wave transparent film according to claim 1, wherein one unit cell is defined by the conductive pattern and the dummy pattern, and a plurality of the unit cells are arranged adjacent to each other and repeatedly on the substrate.

17. A window structure comprising an electromagnetic wave transparent film according to claim 1.

18. A window structure according to claim 17, further comprising a lower substrate disposed below the lower surface of the substrate, and an air layer formed between the substrate and the lower substrate.

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