Semantic communication method and apparatus, and storage medium

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a semantic communication method and apparatus, and a storage medium. In the present disclosure, a first communication device acquires first information from a second communication device, wherein the first information comprises parameter information of a first semantic knowledge base, so that matching of the parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base can be achieved between the first communication device and the second communication device, thereby improving semantic communication performance.

Description

Semantic communication methods and devices, storage media Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to a semantic communication method, apparatus, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous growth of demand for intelligent services, the 6th Generation Mobile Communication Technology (6G) wireless network will shift from an architecture that only focuses on high transmission rates to a new architecture based on the Internet of Everything. Semantic communication, as a communication technology that can integrate user needs and application business information into data transmission and processing, will become the core paradigm of 6G.

[0003] In semantic communication, semantic knowledge bases play a crucial role. By integrating language rules, contextual information, and user data, speech knowledge bases can help communication systems understand complex statements and user intentions, thereby better utilizing semantic information to complete intelligent tasks and improving semantic communication performance.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] To ensure the matching of semantic knowledge bases across different communication devices and improve semantic communication performance, embodiments of this disclosure provide a semantic communication method, apparatus, and storage medium.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a semantic communication method is provided, applied to a first communication device, the method comprising: obtaining first information from a second communication device, the first information including parameter information of a first semantic knowledge base.

[0007] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a semantic communication method is provided, applied to a second communication device, the method comprising: sending first information to a first communication device, the first information including parameter information of a first semantic knowledge base.

[0008] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a first communication device is provided, comprising: a transceiver module configured to obtain first information from a second communication device, the first information including parameter information of a first semantic knowledge base.

[0009] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a second communication device is provided, comprising: a transceiver module configured to send first information to a first communication device, the first information including parameter information of a first semantic knowledge base.

[0010] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a first communication device is provided, comprising: one or more processors; wherein the first communication device is configured to perform the semantic communication method as described in the first aspect above.

[0011] According to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, a second communication device is provided, comprising: one or more processors; wherein the second communication device is configured to perform the semantic communication method as described in the second aspect above.

[0012] According to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, a communication system is provided, including a first communication device and a second communication device, wherein the first communication device is configured to implement the semantic communication method as described in the first aspect above, and the second communication device is configured to implement the semantic communication method as described in the second aspect above.

[0013] According to an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, a storage medium is provided that stores instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the semantic communication method as described in the first or second aspect above.

[0014] In this embodiment of the disclosure, a second communication device sends first information to a first communication device so that the first communication device can obtain the first information from the second communication device. The first information includes parameter information of a first semantic knowledge base so that the parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base can be matched between the first communication device and the second communication device to improve semantic communication performance.

[0015] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] Figure 2A is a schematic diagram of a system model of classical semantic communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 2B is a schematic diagram of a system model for semantic-oriented communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 2C is a schematic diagram of a system model of target-oriented communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 2D is a schematic diagram of a semantically aware communication system model according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 3 is an interactive schematic diagram of a semantic communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 4A is a schematic flowchart illustrating a semantic communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 4B is a schematic flowchart illustrating a semantic communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 5A is a schematic flowchart illustrating a semantic communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 5B is a schematic flowchart illustrating a semantic communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 6A is a schematic flowchart illustrating a semantic communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 6B is a schematic flowchart illustrating a semantic communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 7A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first communication device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0030] Figure 7B is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second communication device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0031] Figure 8A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device 7100 proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0032] Figure 8B is a schematic diagram of the structure of the chip 7200 proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0034] The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” as used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of at least one associated listed item.

[0035] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in this disclosure to describe various messages, these messages should not be limited to these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish messages of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, a first message may also be referred to as a second message, and similarly, a second message may also be referred to as a first message. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to determination."

[0036] This disclosure presents a semantic communication method, apparatus, and storage medium.

[0037] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure propose a semantic communication method applied to a first communication device. The method includes: obtaining first information from a second communication device, wherein the first information includes parameter information of a first semantic knowledge base.

[0038] In the above embodiments, by obtaining first information from the second communication device by the first communication device, the first information including parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base, the parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base can be matched between the first communication device and the second communication device to improve semantic communication performance.

[0039] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, first information is obtained from the second communication device when at least one of the following first conditions is met: a first cycle is met; a first event is met; a first request is received from a third communication device, wherein the third communication device is the same as the second communication device, or the third communication device is different from the second communication device.

[0040] In the above embodiments, an optional implementation method is provided in which the first communication device triggers the semantic knowledge base parameter information interaction process, so that the first communication device can trigger the process of obtaining first information including semantic knowledge base parameter information under various conditions, thereby improving the flexibility of the first information acquisition process.

[0041] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first period is agreed upon by the protocol, or the first period is configured by the fourth communication device to the first communication device.

[0042] In the above embodiments, multiple optional implementations of configuring the first cycle are provided so that the first cycle can be configured for the first communication device in multiple ways, thereby improving the flexibility of the first cycle configuration process.

[0043] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the fourth communication device includes at least one of the following: an access network device; a core network device; an operation, maintenance and management (OAM) device; and an independent knowledge base control node.

[0044] In the above embodiments, multiple optional device types of the fourth communication device are provided so that the first communication device can be configured with the first cycle through multiple types of fourth communication devices, thereby improving the flexibility of the first cycle configuration process.

[0045] In some embodiments, in conjunction with the first aspect, the method further includes: receiving first indication information sent by a first protocol stack layer, the first indication information being used to indicate whether a first event is satisfied.

[0046] In the above embodiments, an optional implementation method is provided for the first communication device to determine whether the first event is satisfied, so as to ensure that the first communication device can determine whether the first event is satisfied, thereby ensuring that the first communication device can trigger the first information acquisition process when the first event is satisfied.

[0047] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first event includes at least one of the following: the parameter information of the second semantic knowledge base changes; the semantic performance changes; the semantic performance does not meet the current task requirements.

[0048] In the above embodiments, a variety of optional first events are provided so that the first communication device can trigger the first information acquisition process when multiple first events are satisfied, thereby improving the flexibility of the first information acquisition process.

[0049] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the parameter information includes at least one of the following: data modality; semantic context; knowledge graph; semantic tag; downstream task information; model based on a fixed number of parameters; model not based on a fixed number of parameters; channel model; propagation environment characteristics.

[0050] In the above embodiments, multiple optional information types are provided in the parameter information of the semantic knowledge base, so that it can be determined as needed which change in the parameter information of the semantic knowledge base should be used as the condition to trigger the first information acquisition process, thereby improving the flexibility of the first information acquisition process.

[0051] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes at least one of the following: if the performance index of the semantic performance meets a first threshold, it is determined that the semantic performance has changed; if the change in the performance index of the semantic performance meets a second threshold, it is determined that the semantic performance has changed.

[0052] In the above embodiments, multiple optional implementations for determining that semantic performance has changed are provided, so that the first communication device can determine that semantic performance has changed in multiple ways, thereby triggering the first information acquisition process when the semantic performance has changed, so as to improve the flexibility of the first information acquisition process.

[0053] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the semantic performance includes at least one of the following: semantic consistency; semantic real-time performance; semantic integrity.

[0054] In the above embodiments, a variety of optional semantic performances are provided so that the first information acquisition process can be triggered even when the various semantic performances change or fail to meet the task requirements, thereby improving the flexibility of the first information acquisition process.

[0055] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes at least one of the following: determining whether the semantic performance meets the current task requirements based on a first requirement parameter.

[0056] In the above embodiments, an optional implementation method is provided for the first communication device to determine whether the semantic performance meets the current task requirements, so as to ensure that the first communication device can determine whether the semantic performance meets the task requirements, thereby ensuring that the first communication device can trigger the first information acquisition process when the semantic performance does not meet the task requirements.

[0057] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the task requirements include at least one of the following: task completion requirements; task real-time requirements.

[0058] In the above embodiments, multiple optional task requirements are provided so that the first information acquisition process can be triggered even when the semantic performance does not meet multiple task requirements, thereby improving the flexibility of the first information acquisition process.

[0059] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes any one of the following: sending a second request to the second communication device, the second request being used to request the acquisition of the first information; sending a first message to the second communication device, the first message being used by the second communication device to determine whether a first condition is met.

[0060] In the above embodiments, an optional implementation method is provided in which, when the first communication device triggers the interaction of semantic knowledge base parameter information, the first communication device instructs the second communication device to start the interaction process of semantic knowledge base parameter information. This allows the first communication device to trigger the second communication device to send first information to the first communication device to achieve the interaction of semantic knowledge base parameter information by sending a second request to the second communication device. Alternatively, the first communication device can trigger the second communication device to determine whether a first condition is met by sending a first message to the second communication device. This allows the second communication device to send first information to the first communication device to achieve the interaction of semantic knowledge base parameter information if the first condition is met, thereby realizing the update of the semantic knowledge base and improving the flexibility of the semantic knowledge base update process.

[0061] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information includes parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base, including any one of the following: the first information includes all parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base; the first information includes partial parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base.

[0062] In the above embodiments, by configuring the first information to include all or part of the parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base, the diversity of the first information is improved, thereby increasing the flexibility of the semantic knowledge base update process based on the first information.

[0063] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, whether the first information includes all parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base or only some parameter information is determined by at least one of the following methods: according to the protocol agreement; determined based on use case requirements; determined based on the instruction of the second communication device; determined based on the implementation of the first communication device itself.

[0064] In the above embodiments, multiple optional implementation methods are provided to determine whether the first information includes all parameter information or only part of the parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base, so that the content included in the first information can be configured in multiple ways, thereby improving the flexibility and diversity of the first information and improving the flexibility of the semantic knowledge base update process based on the first information.

[0065] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the semantic knowledge base includes at least one of the following: a semantic knowledge base of the information source; a semantic knowledge base of the channel; and a semantic knowledge base of the task.

[0066] In the above embodiments, a variety of optional semantic knowledge bases are provided so that the updates of the various semantic knowledge bases can be achieved through the methods provided in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0067] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is associated with identification information, which is used to identify a version of the first information.

[0068] In the above embodiments, by configuring the first information to be associated with identification information for identifying the version of the first information, the different versions of the first information can be distinguished through the identification information.

[0069] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first communication device is a receiving semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a sending semantic knowledge base management node or a shared semantic knowledge base management node; the first communication device is a sending semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a receiving semantic knowledge base management node or a shared semantic knowledge base management node; the first communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a receiving semantic knowledge base management node or a sending semantic knowledge base management node; the first communication device is a semantic communication sending end, and the second communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node; the first communication device is a semantic communication receiving end, and the second communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node.

[0070] In the above embodiments, multiple optional role types of the first communication device are provided, and role types of the second communication device corresponding to the first communication device with different roles are provided, so that the semantic knowledge base parameter information between the first communication device and the second communication device with multiple roles can be matched.

[0071] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first communication device or the second communication device includes at least one of the following: a terminal device; an access network device; a core network device; and a server.

[0072] In the above embodiments, multiple possible device types of the first communication device and the second communication device are provided so that semantic knowledge base parameter information can be matched between multiple types of first communication devices and multiple types of second communication devices.

[0073] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure propose a semantic communication method applied to a second communication device, the method comprising:

[0074] Send first information to the first communication device, the first information including parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base.

[0075] In the above embodiments, by sending first information from the second communication device to the first communication device, the first communication device can obtain the first information from the second communication device. The first information includes parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base, so that the parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base can be matched between the first communication device and the second communication device to improve semantic communication performance.

[0076] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, a first message is sent to a first communication device when at least one of the following second conditions is met: a second cycle is met; a second event is met; a third request is received from a fifth communication device, which is the same as the first communication device, or the fifth communication device is different from the first communication device.

[0077] In the above embodiments, an optional implementation method is provided in which the second communication device triggers the semantic knowledge base parameter information interaction process, so that the second communication device can trigger the process of sending first information including semantic knowledge base parameter information under various conditions, thereby improving the flexibility of the first information sending process.

[0078] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the second period is agreed upon by the protocol, or the second period is configured by the sixth communication device to the second communication device.

[0079] In the above embodiments, multiple optional implementations of configuring the second cycle are provided so that the second communication device can be configured with the second cycle in multiple ways, thereby improving the flexibility of the second cycle configuration process.

[0080] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the sixth communication device includes at least one of the following: an access network device; a core network device; an OAM device; and an independent knowledge base control node.

[0081] In the above embodiments, multiple optional device types of the sixth communication device are provided so that the first communication device can be configured with the first cycle through multiple types of the sixth communication device, thereby improving the flexibility of the first cycle configuration process.

[0082] In some embodiments, in conjunction with the second aspect, the method further includes: receiving second indication information sent by a second protocol stack layer, the second indication information being used to indicate whether a second event is satisfied.

[0083] In the above embodiments, an optional implementation method is provided for the second communication device to determine whether the second event is satisfied, so as to ensure that the second communication device can determine whether the second event is satisfied, thereby ensuring that the second communication device can trigger the first information transmission process when the second event is satisfied.

[0084] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the second event includes at least one of the following: the parameter information of the second semantic knowledge base changes; the semantic performance changes; the semantic performance does not meet the current task requirements.

[0085] In the above embodiments, a variety of optional second events are provided so that the first communication device can trigger the first information transmission process when multiple second events are satisfied, thereby improving the flexibility of the first information transmission process.

[0086] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the parameter information includes at least one of the following: data modality; semantic context; knowledge graph; semantic tag; downstream task information; model based on a fixed number of parameters; model not based on a fixed number of parameters; channel model; propagation environment characteristics.

[0087] In the above embodiments, multiple optional information types are provided in the parameter information of the semantic knowledge base, so that it can be determined as needed which change in the parameter information of the semantic knowledge base should be used as the condition to trigger the first information sending process, thereby improving the flexibility of the first information sending process.

[0088] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes at least one of the following: determining that the semantic performance has changed when the performance index of the semantic performance meets a third threshold; determining that the semantic performance has changed when the change in the performance index of the semantic performance meets a fourth threshold.

[0089] In the above embodiments, multiple optional implementations for determining that semantic performance has changed are provided, so that the second communication device can determine that semantic performance has changed in multiple ways, thereby triggering the second information transmission process when the semantic performance has changed, so as to improve the flexibility of the second information transmission process.

[0090] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the semantic performance includes at least one of the following: semantic consistency; semantic real-time performance; semantic integrity.

[0091] In the above embodiments, a variety of optional semantic performances are provided so that the first information sending process can be triggered even when the various semantic performances change or fail to meet the task requirements, thereby improving the flexibility of the first information sending process.

[0092] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes at least one of the following: determining whether the semantic performance meets the current task requirements based on the second requirement parameter.

[0093] In the above embodiments, an optional implementation method is provided for the second communication device to determine whether the semantic performance meets the current task requirements, so as to ensure that the second communication device can determine whether the semantic performance meets the task requirements, thereby ensuring that the second communication device can trigger the second information sending process when the semantic performance does not meet the task requirements.

[0094] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the task requirements include at least one of the following: task completion requirements; task real-time requirements.

[0095] In the above embodiments, multiple optional task requirements are provided so that the first information sending process can be triggered even when the semantic performance does not meet multiple task requirements, thereby improving the flexibility of the first information sending process.

[0096] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes: receiving a fourth request sent by the first communication device, the fourth request being used to request the second communication device to send first information to the first communication device.

[0097] In the above embodiments, an optional implementation is provided in which the second communication device instructs the first communication device to send a fourth request when the second communication device triggers the interaction of semantic knowledge base parameter information, so that the second communication device can send the first information when it receives the fourth request sent by the first communication device.

[0098] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes any one of the following: sending a fifth request to the first communication device, the fifth request being used to trigger the first communication device to send a fourth request to the second communication device; sending a second message to the first communication device, the second message being used by the first communication device to determine whether a second condition is met, so as to send a fourth request to the second communication device if the second condition is met.

[0099] In the above embodiments, multiple optional implementations for triggering the second communication device to send a fourth request are provided, so that the second communication device can trigger the first communication device to send a fourth request in multiple ways, thereby improving the flexibility of the fourth request sending process and ensuring the smooth progress of the subsequent first information interaction process.

[0100] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is used by the first communication device to determine the first semantic knowledge base based on the first information and the first communication device's current second semantic knowledge base.

[0101] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information includes parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base, including any one of the following: the first information includes all parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base; the first information includes partial parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base.

[0102] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, whether the first information includes all parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base or only some parameter information is determined by at least one of the following methods: according to the protocol agreement; determined based on use case requirements; determined based on the instruction of the second communication device; determined based on the implementation of the first communication device itself.

[0103] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the semantic knowledge base includes at least one of the following: a semantic knowledge base of the information source; a semantic knowledge base of the channel; and a semantic knowledge base of the task.

[0104] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is associated with identification information, which is used to identify a version of the first information.

[0105] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first communication device is a receiving semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a sending semantic knowledge base management node or a shared semantic knowledge base management node; the first communication device is a sending semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a receiving semantic knowledge base management node or a shared semantic knowledge base management node; the first communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a receiving semantic knowledge base management node or a sending semantic knowledge base management node; the first communication device is a semantic communication sending end, and the second communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node; the first communication device is a semantic communication receiving end, and the second communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node.

[0106] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first communication device or the second communication device includes at least one of the following: a terminal device; an access network device; a core network device; and a server.

[0107] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure propose a first communication device, including: a transceiver module configured to obtain first information from a second communication device, the first information including parameter information of a first semantic knowledge base.

[0108] Fourthly, embodiments of this disclosure propose a second communication device, including: a transceiver module configured to send first information to the first communication device, the first information including parameter information of a first semantic knowledge base.

[0109] Fifthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a first communication device, comprising: one or more processors; wherein the first communication device is configured to perform the semantic communication method as described in the first aspect and any embodiment thereof.

[0110] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a second communication device, comprising: one or more processors; wherein the second communication device is configured to perform the semantic communication method as described in the second aspect and any embodiment thereof.

[0111] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication system including a first communication device and a second communication device, wherein the first communication device is configured to implement the semantic communication method as described in the first aspect and any embodiment of the first aspect, and the second communication device is configured to implement the semantic communication method as described in the second aspect and any embodiment of the second aspect.

[0112] Eighthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the semantic communication method as described in the first aspect and any embodiment of the first aspect, the second aspect and any embodiment of the second aspect.

[0113] Ninthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a program product that, when executed by a communication device, causes the communication device to perform the semantic communication method as described in the first aspect and any embodiment of the first aspect, the second aspect and any embodiment of the second aspect.

[0114] In a tenth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the semantic communication method as described in the first aspect and any embodiment of the first aspect, the second aspect and any embodiment of the second aspect.

[0115] Eleventhly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a chip or chip system. The chip or chip system includes processing circuitry configured to perform the semantic communication methods as described in the first aspect and any embodiment of the first aspect, the second aspect and any embodiment of the second aspect.

[0116] It is understood that the aforementioned first communication device, second communication device, communication system, storage medium, program product, computer program, chip, or chip system are all used to execute the methods proposed in the embodiments of this disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods, and will not be repeated here.

[0117] This disclosure provides a semantic communication method, apparatus, and storage medium. In some embodiments, the terms semantic communication method, information processing method, communication method, and semantic knowledge base update method can be used interchangeably; the terms semantic communication apparatus, information processing apparatus, communication apparatus, and semantic knowledge base update apparatus can be used interchangeably; and the terms information processing system and communication system can be used interchangeably.

[0118] This disclosure is not exhaustive, but merely illustrative of some embodiments, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure. Unless otherwise specified, each step in a particular embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined. For example, a solution after removing some steps in a particular embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily interchanged. Furthermore, the optional implementation methods in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; moreover, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, for example, some or all steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementation methods of other embodiments.

[0119] In each of the disclosed embodiments, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of the embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0120] The terminology used in the embodiments of this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0121] In this embodiment of the disclosure, unless otherwise stated, elements expressed in the singular form, such as "a," "an," "the," "the," "the," "the," "the," "the," "this," etc., can mean "one and only one," or "one or more," "at least one," etc. For example, when using articles such as "a," "an," "the," etc. in translation, the noun following the article can be understood as either a singular expression or a plural expression.

[0122] In the embodiments disclosed herein, "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0123] In some embodiments, the terms “at least one of”, “one or more”, “a plurality of”, “multiple”, etc., may be used interchangeably.

[0124] In some embodiments, the notation "at least one of A and B", "A and / or B", "A in one case, B in another", "in response to one case A, in response to another case B", etc., may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execute A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execute B regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed); in some embodiments, A and B (both A and B are executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0125] In some embodiments, the notation "A or B" may include the following technical solutions, depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execution of A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execution of B regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0126] The prefixes "first," "second," etc., used in the embodiments of this disclosure are merely for distinguishing different descriptive objects and do not impose restrictions on the position, order, priority, quantity, or content of the descriptive objects. The description of the descriptive objects is found in the claims or the context of the embodiments, and the use of prefixes should not constitute unnecessary restrictions. For example, if the descriptive object is a "field," the ordinal numbers preceding "field" in "first field" and "second field" do not restrict the position or order of the "fields." "First" and "second" do not restrict whether the "fields" they modify are in the same message, nor do they restrict the order of "first field" and "second field." Similarly, if the descriptive object is a "level," the ordinal numbers preceding "level" in "first level" and "second level" do not restrict the priority between "levels." Furthermore, the number of descriptive objects is not limited by ordinal numbers and can be one or more. For example, in "first device," the number of "devices" can be one or more. Furthermore, the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different. For example, if the object being described is "device", then "first device" and "second device" can be the same device or different devices, and their types can be the same or different. Similarly, if the object being described is "information", then "first information" and "second information" can be the same information or different information, and their content can be the same or different.

[0127] In some embodiments, “including A,” “containing A,” “for indicating A,” and “carrying A” can be interpreted as directly carrying A or indirectly indicating A.

[0128] In some embodiments, the terms “in response to…”, “in response to determining…”, “in the case of…”, “when…”, “if…”, “if…”, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0129] In some embodiments, the terms “greater than,” “greater than or equal to,” “not less than,” “more than,” “more than or equal to,” “not less than,” “higher than,” “higher than or equal to,” “not lower than,” and “above” can be used interchangeably, as can the terms “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not greater than,” “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not more than,” “lower than,” “lower than or equal to,” “not higher than,” and “below”.

[0130] In some embodiments, the apparatus and device may be interpreted as physical or virtual, and their names are not limited to the names recorded in the embodiments. In some cases, they may also be understood as "equipment", "device", "circuit", "network element", "node", "function", "unit", "section", "system", "network", "chip", "chip system", "entity", "body", etc.

[0131] In some embodiments, "network" can be interpreted as devices included in the network, such as access network devices, core network devices, etc.

[0132] In some embodiments, "access network device (AN device)" may also be referred to as "radio access network device (RAN device)," "base station (BS)," "radio base station," or "fixed station." In some embodiments, it may also be understood as "node," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "antenna panel," "antenna array," "cell," "macro cell," "small cell," "femto cell," "pico cell," "sector," "cell group," "serving cell," "carrier," "component carrier," or "bandwidth part (BWP)."

[0133] In some embodiments, "terminal" or "terminal device" may be referred to as "user equipment (UE)," "user terminal," "mobile station (MS)," "mobile terminal (MT)," "subscriber station," "mobile unit," "subscriber unit," "wireless unit," "remote unit," "mobile device," "wireless device," "wireless communication device," "remote device," "mobile subscriber station," "access terminal," "mobile terminal," "wireless terminal," "remote terminal," "handset," "user agent," "mobile client," "client," etc.

[0134] In some embodiments, the acquisition of data, information, etc., may comply with the laws and regulations of the country where the location is situated.

[0135] In some embodiments, data, information, etc., may be obtained with the user's consent.

[0136] Furthermore, each element, each row, or each column in the table of this disclosure can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and any combination of any element, any row, or any column can also be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0137] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system 100 includes a first communication device 101 and a second communication device 102.

[0138] In some embodiments, the first communication device 101 includes at least one of user equipment (UE), access network device, core network device, and server.

[0139] In some embodiments, the second communication device 102 includes at least one of a UE, an access network device, a core network device, and a server.

[0140] In some embodiments, the UE, or terminal, includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: mobile phone, wearable device, Internet of Things device, car with communication function, smart car, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver function, virtual reality (VR) terminal device, augmented reality (AR) terminal device, wireless terminal device in industrial control, wireless terminal device in self-driving, wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery, wireless terminal device in smart grid, wireless terminal device in transportation safety, wireless terminal device in smart city, and wireless terminal device in smart home.

[0141] In some embodiments, the access network device is, for example, a node or device that connects a terminal to a wireless network. The access network device may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following in a 5G communication system: evolved Node B (eNB), next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), next-generation Node B (gNB), node B (NB), home node B (HNB), home evolved node B (HeNB), radio backhaul device, radio network controller (RNC), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), base band unit (BBU), mobile switching center, base station in a 6G communication system, open RAN, cloud RAN, base station in other communication systems, and access node in a Wi-Fi system.

[0142] In some embodiments, the technical solutions of this disclosure can be applied to the Open RAN architecture. In this case, the interfaces between or within access network devices involved in the embodiments of this disclosure can be transformed into internal interfaces of Open RAN. The processes and information interactions between these internal interfaces can be implemented by software or programs.

[0143] In some embodiments, the access network device may be composed of a central unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU). The CU may also be called a control unit. The CU-DU structure can separate the protocol layer of the access network device. Some of the protocol layer functions are centrally controlled by the CU, while the remaining part or all of the protocol layer functions are distributed in the DU and centrally controlled by the CU. However, this is not the only possibility.

[0144] In some embodiments, the core network equipment can be a single device comprising multiple network elements, or it can be multiple devices or a group of devices, each comprising all or part of the multiple network elements. Network elements can be virtual or physical. The core network includes, for example, at least one of the following: Evolved Packet Core (EPC), 5G Core Network (5GCN), 6G Core Network (6GCN), and Next Generation Core (NGC).

[0145] In some embodiments, the core network equipment may include a first network element, such as an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) node.

[0146] In some embodiments, the first network element is used for user access management and mobility management, but is not limited thereto.

[0147] In some embodiments, the core network device may include a second network element, such as an Application Function (AF) node.

[0148] In some embodiments, the second network element is used to support applications or services running on the network edge or device, such as video streaming, voice calls, messaging, etc., but is not limited thereto.

[0149] In some embodiments, the core network device may include a third network element, such as a User Plane Function (UPF).

[0150] In some embodiments, the third network element is used for user plane data forwarding, traffic statistics, Quality of Service (QoS) management, etc., but is not limited to these.

[0151] In some embodiments, the core network device may include a fourth network element, such as a Policy Control Function (PCF).

[0152] In some embodiments, the fourth network element is used to implement user control policy management, including but not limited to QoS control, service access control, etc.

[0153] In some embodiments, the core network equipment may include a fifth network element, such as a unified data management function (UDM).

[0154] In some embodiments, the fifth network element is used to implement user subscription data management, roaming control, etc., but is not limited to these.

[0155] In some embodiments, the core network device may include a sixth network element, such as an Authentication Server Function (AUSF).

[0156] In some embodiments, the sixth network element is used to implement user authentication, but is not limited thereto.

[0157] In some embodiments, each of the above network elements can be independent of the core network equipment.

[0158] In some embodiments, each of the above network elements may be part of the core network equipment.

[0159] In some embodiments, the server can be a service device or computing platform capable of providing data processing and storage services for managing, processing, and storing AI-related business data. Optionally, the server may also provide other possible functions, including but not limited to user interface, data visualization, remote access, integration with third-party services or applications, etc. Optionally, the server may be a physical server or a virtual server, and it can be located locally (e.g., in a smart home system) or in the cloud.

[0160] It is understood that the communication system described in this disclosure is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of this disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions proposed in this disclosure. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions proposed in this disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0161] The following embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to the communication system 100 shown in FIG1, or to some of the main bodies, but are not limited thereto. The main bodies shown in FIG1 are illustrative. The communication system may include all or some of the main bodies in FIG1, or may include other main bodies outside of FIG1. ​​The number and form of each main body are arbitrary. Each main body may be physical or virtual. The connection relationship between the main bodies is illustrative. The main bodies may not be connected or may be connected. The connection can be in any way, it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection, it can be a wired connection or a wireless connection.

[0162] The embodiments disclosed herein can be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G new radio (NR), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), and IEEE 802.20, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), Bluetooth (a registered trademark), Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) networks, Device-to-Device (D2D) systems, Machine-to-Machine (M2M) systems, Internet of Things (IoT) systems, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) systems, systems utilizing other communication methods, and next-generation systems built upon them, etc. Furthermore, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A with 5G).

[0163] In related technologies, semantic communication, after preprocessing data using artificial intelligence, can deliver information most relevant to the receiver or communication objective to all participants, thereby reducing network load. Semantic communication can achieve a higher level of intelligent communication at both the semantic and validity levels, transforming communication nodes from simple symbol-exchanging senders and receivers into more intelligent agents that exchange the semantic components of data during communication, thus efficiently achieving communication goals.

[0164] The development of semantic communication and the advancement of 6G are mutually reinforcing. On the one hand, the availability and connectivity of distributed computing and ubiquitous AI networks in 6G will enable the large-scale deployment of semantic communication. On the other hand, semantic communication overcomes the limitations of traditional communication and can greatly improve network performance. Therefore, the development of 6G networks can provide a solid network foundation for semantic communication, while the successful development of semantic communication can fully realize the vision of 6G.

[0165] By developing semantic communication, we can not only reduce the wireless data transmission burden of 6G networks, but also improve the management efficiency of 6G networks. Furthermore, we can use semantic information to design effective network resource allocation schemes for 6G.

[0166] In some embodiments, semantic communication systems can be divided into four types: classical semantic communication, semantic-oriented communication, target-oriented communication, and semantic-aware communication.

[0167] In some embodiments, classical semantic communication is primarily geared towards data transmission, focusing on the accuracy of each bit and each symbol, with all bits and symbols being equally important. Optionally, the system model of classical semantic communication can be seen in Figure 2A, which is a schematic diagram of a system model of classical semantic communication according to an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 2A, when source data is obtained, it can be sequentially transmitted through source encoding, channel encoding, physical channel transmission, channel decoding, and source decoding to achieve data replication.

[0168] In some embodiments, semantic-oriented communication can utilize semantic information reconstruction to reconstruct the original data. Optionally, the system model for semantic-oriented communication can be seen in Figure 2B, which is a schematic diagram of a system model for semantic-oriented communication according to an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 2B, when source data is obtained, semantic representation and semantic encoding can be sequentially used to obtain the semantic data corresponding to the source data. Then, channel coding, physical channel transmission, and channel decoding are sequentially performed so that the receiving end can receive the semantic data. Furthermore, semantic decoding and semantic inference based on the semantic data are used to obtain the desired semantic meaning, thus realizing semantic-oriented communication. In the process of semantic-oriented communication, the sending end and the receiving end can implement semantic representation and semantic inference based on their respective local knowledge and their shared knowledge.

[0169] In some embodiments, target-oriented communication can utilize semantic information to complete intelligent communication tasks, including but not limited to image retrieval, speech recognition, and scene classification. During target-oriented semantic communication, semantic features serving the intelligent task can be extracted from the source data. These semantic features are then directly mapped to the channel input symbols after joint source-channel encoding. The receiving end can directly utilize the decoded semantic features to complete the task. Optionally, the system model for target-oriented communication can be found in Figure 2C, which is a schematic diagram of a system model for target-oriented communication according to an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 2C, when source data is obtained, semantic data corresponding to the source data can be obtained sequentially through semantic representation, semantic filtering, and semantic encoding based on the communication goal / task. This is then sequentially transmitted through channel encoding, physical channel transmission, and channel decoding. Upon receiving the semantic data, the receiving end can perform semantic decoding and semantic reasoning based on the communication goal / task, and take action based on the semantic reasoning results to achieve target-oriented communication. In goal-oriented communication, the sender and receiver can perform semantic representation and semantic reasoning based on their respective local knowledge and shared knowledge.

[0170] In some embodiments, semantic-aware communication can perform data processing based on information context and environmental awareness to adapt to different communication needs. Optionally, the system model of semantic-aware communication can be seen in Figure 2D, which is a schematic diagram of a system model of semantic-aware communication according to an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 2D, the system model of semantic-aware communication can be divided into centralized task-oriented communication and distributed task-oriented communication. In the centralized task-oriented communication system model, a communication agent can uniformly manage the remaining communication agents. The communication agent responsible for management can perform task-related data transmission and semantic information exchange for better cooperation with each communication agent. In the distributed task-oriented communication system model, each communication agent can perform task-related data transmission and semantic information exchange for better cooperation.

[0171] In semantic communication, the receiving end and the sending end need to share the same semantic knowledge base. The semantic knowledge base contains semantic models for specific scenarios or functions, which can serve as prior information to provide auxiliary guidance for semantic encoding and decoding.

[0172] Efficient semantic communication relies on a high degree of matching between the semantic knowledge bases of the receiver and the sender, as well as the adaptability of the knowledge base to data information such as information sources, tasks and channels. In view of this, embodiments of this disclosure provide a semantic communication method to achieve dynamic updates of the semantic shared knowledge base and improve semantic communication performance.

[0173] Figure 3 is an interactive schematic diagram of a semantic communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3, the embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a semantic communication method, which includes:

[0174] Step S3101: The second communication device sends the first information to the first communication device.

[0175] In some embodiments, the first communication device includes at least one of a receiving semantic knowledge base management node, a sending semantic knowledge base management node, a shared semantic knowledge base management node, a semantic communication sending end, and a semantic communication receiving end, but is not limited thereto.

[0176] In some embodiments, the second communication device includes at least one of a receiving semantic knowledge base management node, a sending semantic knowledge base management node, and a shared semantic knowledge base management node, but is not limited thereto.

[0177] In some embodiments, the receiving end semantic knowledge base management node can be a local semantic knowledge base management node at the receiving end, but is not limited thereto; the sending end semantic knowledge base management node can be a local semantic knowledge base management node at the sending end, but is not limited thereto.

[0178] Optionally, the first communication device is a sending-end semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a receiving-end semantic knowledge base management node; the first communication device is a receiving-end semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a sending-end semantic knowledge base management node; the first communication device is a sending-end semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node; the first communication device is a receiving-end semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node; the first communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a sending-end semantic knowledge base management node; the first communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a receiving-end semantic knowledge base management node; the first communication device is a semantic communication sending end, and the second communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node; the first communication device is a semantic communication receiving end, and the second communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node.

[0179] In some embodiments, the first communication device includes at least one of a terminal device, an access network device (such as NG-RAN), a core network device (such as a CN node), and a server, but is not limited thereto.

[0180] In some embodiments, the second communication device includes at least one of a terminal device, an access network device (such as NG-RAN), a core network device (such as a CN node), and a server, but is not limited thereto.

[0181] In some embodiments, the name of the first communication device is not limited, and it may be, for example, "first node".

[0182] In some embodiments, the name of the second communication device is not limited, and it may be, for example, "second node".

[0183] In some embodiments, the first communication device receives first information sent by the second communication device to complete the interaction of the first information between the second communication device and the first communication device. It should be noted that the description of the first information will be detailed below and will not be repeated here.

[0184] Optionally, the first information interaction process between the second communication device and the first communication device may be triggered by the first communication device, or the first information interaction process between the second communication device and the first communication device may be triggered by the second communication device.

[0185] In some embodiments, the first information interaction process between the second communication device and the first communication device is triggered by the first communication device, and the first communication device can actively obtain the first information from the second communication device.

[0186] In some embodiments, the first communication device may obtain first information from the second communication device if a first condition is met. Optionally, meeting the first condition may be meeting a first period, meeting a first event, receiving a first request sent by a third communication device, etc.

[0187] In some embodiments, the first communication device may obtain first information from the second communication device if the current time meets the first cycle.

[0188] In other words, the first communication device can periodically trigger the update of the semantic knowledge base. That is, the first communication device can automatically trigger the update of the semantic knowledge base according to a predetermined time interval (i.e., the first period) to determine the timeliness of the information in the semantic knowledge base.

[0189] In some embodiments, the first cycle is agreed upon by the protocol, or the first cycle is configured by the fourth communication device to the first communication device.

[0190] In some embodiments, the fourth communication device includes, but is not limited to, access network devices (such as NG-RAN), core network devices (such as CN node), operation administration maintenance (OAM) devices, or independent knowledge base control nodes.

[0191] In some embodiments, the name of the fourth communication device is not limited, and it may be, for example, "fourth node", "network node", etc.

[0192] In some embodiments, the first communication device can obtain first information from the second communication device when the second semantic knowledge base satisfies the first event. The second semantic knowledge base can be the current semantic knowledge base of the first communication device.

[0193] In some embodiments, whether the second semantic knowledge base satisfies the first event can be evaluated by the first protocol stack layer and indicated to the third protocol stack layer of the first communication device. Optionally, the first protocol stack layer can send first indication information to the third protocol stack layer of the first communication device, the first indication information being used to indicate whether the first event is satisfied; the third protocol stack layer of the first communication device can receive the first indication information sent by the first protocol stack layer to determine whether the second semantic knowledge base satisfies the first event.

[0194] In some embodiments, the first protocol stack layer or the third protocol layer can be at least one of a Non-Access Stratum (NAS), an application layer, and an Access Stratum (AS), but is not limited thereto. The first protocol stack layer is used to evaluate whether the second semantic knowledge base satisfies a first event, and the third protocol stack layer is used to trigger a first information interaction process between the second communication device and the first communication device. The first protocol stack layer and the third protocol layer can be the same protocol stack layer or different protocol stack layers. If the first protocol stack layer and the third protocol stack layer are different protocol stack layers, the first protocol stack layer can send first indication information to the third protocol stack layer of the first communication device. The first indication information is used to indicate whether the first event is satisfied.

[0195] For example, the first protocol stack layer is the application layer, and the third protocol stack layer is the NAS. The application layer evaluates whether the second semantic knowledge base satisfies the first event and sends the first indication information to the NAS of the first communication device. The NAS determines whether the first event is satisfied based on the first indication information, thereby determining whether to obtain the first information from the second communication device.

[0196] For example, the first protocol stack layer is NAS and the third protocol stack layer is AS. NAS evaluates whether the second semantic knowledge base satisfies the first event and sends the first indication information to the AS of the first communication device. The AS determines whether the first event is satisfied based on the first indication information, thereby determining whether to obtain the first information from the second communication device.

[0197] For example, the first protocol stack layer is NAS, the third protocol stack layer is NAS, and NAS evaluates whether the second semantic knowledge base satisfies the first event and determines whether to obtain the first information from the second communication device.

[0198] For example, the first protocol stack layer is AS, the third protocol stack layer is AS, and AS evaluates whether the second semantic knowledge base satisfies the first event and determines whether to obtain the first information from the second communication device.

[0199] Optionally, the AS mentioned in the above embodiments can be a radio resource control (RRC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, a physical layer (PHY), etc., but is not limited to these.

[0200] In some embodiments, the first event includes at least one of the following: a change in the parameter information of the second semantic knowledge base, a change in semantic performance, or semantic performance not meeting the current task requirements, but is not limited thereto.

[0201] In some embodiments, the first event includes a change in the parameter information of the second semantic knowledge base, which may be the addition, deletion, or modification of semantic entries in the second semantic knowledge base, but is not limited thereto.

[0202] In some embodiments, the parameter information of the second semantic knowledge base includes data modalities, semantic context, knowledge graph, semantic tags, downstream task information (i.e., downstream task-related knowledge, such as task identifier, task type, task requirements, etc.), models based on a fixed number of parameters (or parametric models), models not based on a fixed number of parameters (or non-parametric models), channel models, propagation environment characteristics, etc., but is not limited to these.

[0203] Optionally, if the semantic representation information of the signal transmitted by the transmitting end is not included in the transmitting end's semantic knowledge base, a semantic knowledge base update is initiated so that the first communication device can obtain the first information from the second communication device. Alternatively, if the signal received by the receiving end and its corresponding semantic representation information are not included in the receiving end's semantic knowledge base, a semantic knowledge base update is initiated. Alternatively, if the similarity between a semantic vector generated based on a semantic base and a semantic vector generated based on a semantic base in the receiving end's semantic knowledge base exceeds a similarity threshold, a semantic knowledge base update is initiated.

[0204] In some embodiments, the first event includes a change in semantic performance. The first communication device may determine that a change in semantic performance has occurred if the performance index of the semantic performance meets a first threshold; or, the first communication device may determine that a change in semantic performance has occurred if the change in the performance index of the semantic performance meets a second threshold.

[0205] In some embodiments, semantic performance includes at least one of semantic consistency, semantic real-time performance, and semantic integrity, but is not limited thereto.

[0206] In some embodiments, the performance metric for semantic performance meeting the first threshold may be lower than or not higher than the first threshold, or the performance metric for semantic performance meeting the first threshold may be higher than or not lower than the first threshold. For example, the performance metric for semantic performance meeting the first threshold may be semantic consistency lower than or not higher than the first threshold, semantic real-time performance lower than or not higher than the first threshold, semantic integrity lower than or not higher than the first threshold, semantic communication latency higher than or not lower than the first threshold, and so on, but is not limited thereto.

[0207] In some embodiments, the change in the semantic performance metric satisfying the second threshold may exceed the second threshold. For example, the change in the semantic performance metric satisfying the second threshold may be the change in the semantic consistency performance metric exceeding the second threshold, the change in the semantic real-time performance metric exceeding the second threshold, the change in the semantic integrity performance metric exceeding the second threshold, the change in the semantic communication latency performance metric exceeding the second threshold, and so on, but is not limited to these.

[0208] In some embodiments, the first event includes semantic performance not meeting the current task requirements, which may be the current service requirements of the first communication device, but are not limited thereto.

[0209] In some embodiments, the first communication device may determine whether the semantic performance meets the current task requirements based on a first requirement parameter.

[0210] In some embodiments, the first requirement parameter is a semantic communication quality of service (QoS) parameter; or, the first requirement parameter is a direct indication parameter, for example, the first requirement parameter is directly a requirement parameter of the semantic communication task, but is not limited thereto.

[0211] In some embodiments, the first requirement parameter is a semantic communication QoS parameter. A semantic communication task may be associated with a semantic communication QoS parameter. It can be determined whether the semantic performance meets the task requirements based on the semantic communication QoS parameter associated with the semantic communication task. If the semantic performance does not meet the semantic communication QoS parameter associated with the semantic communication task, it is considered that the semantic performance does not meet the task requirements.

[0212] In some embodiments, the first requirement parameter is a semantic communication QoS parameter. The QoS parameter can be determined based on a QoS index, and the mapping relationship between the QoS index and the QoS parameter can be agreed upon by the protocol or pre-configured to the first communication device.

[0213] In some embodiments, the first requirement parameter is the requirement parameter of the semantic communication task. The semantic communication task requirement parameter, which is the first requirement parameter, may be indicated to the first communication device by the second communication device or other communication devices. The first communication device may determine whether the semantic performance meets the task requirements based on the requirement parameter of the semantic communication task. If the semantic performance does not meet the requirement parameter of the semantic communication task, it is considered that the semantic performance does not meet the task requirements.

[0214] In some embodiments, task requirements include, but are not limited to, task completion requirements and / or task real-time requirements.

[0215] In some embodiments, the first communication device may obtain first information from the second communication device upon receiving a first request from the third communication device.

[0216] In some embodiments, the third communication device may be the same as the second communication device, or the third communication device may be different from the second communication device.

[0217] In some embodiments, the third communication device is the same as the second communication device, that is, the second communication device can send a first request to the first communication device, and the first communication device can receive the first request sent by the second communication device, thereby determining to obtain the first information from the second communication device upon receiving the first request.

[0218] In some embodiments, the third communication device is different from the second communication device. That is, a first request can be sent to the first communication device by a communication device other than the second communication device. The first communication device can receive the first request sent by the other communication device, and thus, upon receiving the first request, determines to obtain the first information from the second communication device.

[0219] In some embodiments, the third communication device includes at least one of a terminal device, an access network device (such as NG-RAN), a core network device (such as a CN node), and a server, but is not limited thereto.

[0220] In some embodiments, the first request may be sent by a third communication device based on an implementation; or, the first request may be sent periodically, for example, the third communication device may periodically send the first request to the first communication device according to a third period; or, the first request may be triggered by an event, for example, the third communication device may send the first request to the first communication device when a specified event is detected.

[0221] In some embodiments, the name of the first request is not limited, and it may be, for example, "update request".

[0222] In some embodiments, the first communication device may monitor and evaluate based on semantic knowledge base update trigger conditions (i.e., the first condition), including but not limited to monitoring and evaluating time, semantic communication performance, and semantic knowledge base status. The first condition includes whether a first cycle is met, whether a first event is met, and whether a first request is received, etc. For details, please refer to the above text; further explanation is not provided here.

[0223] In some embodiments, the first communication device may determine to trigger the interaction process of the first information when at least one of the first conditions is met, so that the first communication device can actively obtain the first information from the second communication device.

[0224] In some embodiments, the first communication device may send a second request to the second communication device, the second request being used to request the acquisition of first information; the second communication device may receive the second request sent by the first communication device, so as to send the first information to the second communication device upon receiving the second request.

[0225] In some embodiments, the first communication device may send a first message to the second communication device, the first message being used by the second communication device to determine whether a first condition is met; the second communication device may receive the first message sent by the first communication device, thereby determining whether the first condition is met based on the received first message, so as to send first information to the first communication device if the first condition is met.

[0226] In some embodiments, the first message may be used to directly indicate whether the current situation meets the first condition; or, the first message may be an indication message carrying the first condition, so that the second communication device can determine whether the current situation meets the first condition based on the first condition carried in the first message; or, the first message may be an indication message that does not carry other information, and is only used to trigger the second communication device to determine whether the current situation meets the first condition on its own. In this case, the first condition may be pre-configured to the second communication device.

[0227] In some embodiments, the second request or the first message may also be used to indicate knowledge base information of the second semantic knowledge base, the update method that the first communication device expects to use, etc., but is not limited thereto.

[0228] In some embodiments, the knowledge base information of the second semantic knowledge base may include version information of the second semantic knowledge base (such as version number), but is not limited thereto.

[0229] It should be noted that the update method expected to be used by the first communication device will be described below, and will not be repeated here.

[0230] In some embodiments, the name of the second request is not limited, and may be, for example, "get request", "first get request", etc.

[0231] In some embodiments, the name of the first message is not limited, and it may be, for example, "synchronization message", "first synchronization message", etc.

[0232] In some embodiments, the first information interaction process between the second communication device and the first communication device is triggered by the second communication device. The second communication device may actively send the first information to the first communication device, or the second communication device may actively trigger the first communication device to acquire the first information.

[0233] In some embodiments, the second communication device may trigger the interaction process of the first information when a second condition is met. Optionally, meeting the second condition may be meeting a second period, meeting a second event, receiving a third request sent by the fifth communication device, etc.

[0234] In some embodiments, the second communication device may trigger the interaction process of the first information when the current time meets the second cycle.

[0235] In other words, the second communication device can periodically trigger the update of the semantic knowledge base. That is, the second communication device can automatically trigger the update of the semantic knowledge base according to a predetermined time interval (i.e., the second period) to determine the timeliness of the information in the semantic knowledge base.

[0236] In some embodiments, the second cycle is agreed upon by the protocol, or the second cycle is configured by the sixth communication device to the second communication device.

[0237] In some embodiments, the sixth communication device includes, but is not limited to, access network devices (such as NG-RAN), core network devices (such as CN node), OAM devices, or independent knowledge base control nodes.

[0238] In some embodiments, the name of the sixth communication device is not limited, and it may be, for example, "sixth node", "network node", etc.

[0239] In some embodiments, the second communication device may trigger the interaction process of the first information when the second semantic knowledge base satisfies the first event. The second semantic knowledge base may be an older version of the semantic knowledge base on the second communication device.

[0240] In some embodiments, whether the second semantic knowledge base satisfies the first event can be evaluated by the second protocol stack layer and indicated to the fourth protocol stack layer of the second communication device. Optionally, the second protocol stack layer can send second indication information to the fourth protocol stack layer of the second communication device, the second indication information being used to indicate whether the second event is satisfied; the fourth protocol stack layer of the second communication device can receive the second indication information sent by the second protocol stack layer to determine whether the second semantic knowledge base satisfies the first event.

[0241] In some embodiments, the second protocol stack layer and the fourth protocol stack layer can be at least one of NAS, the application layer, and AS, but are not limited thereto. The second protocol stack layer is used to evaluate whether the second semantic knowledge base satisfies the first event, and the fourth protocol stack layer is used to trigger the first information interaction process between the second communication device and the first communication device. The second protocol stack layer and the fourth protocol stack layer can be the same protocol stack layer or different protocol stack layers. If the second protocol stack layer and the fourth protocol stack layer are different protocol stack layers, the second protocol stack layer can send second indication information to the fourth protocol stack layer of the second communication device. The second indication information is used to indicate whether the second event is satisfied.

[0242] For example, the second protocol stack layer is the application layer, and the fourth protocol stack layer is the NAS. The application layer evaluates whether the second semantic knowledge base satisfies the second event and sends the second indication information to the NAS of the second communication device. The NAS determines whether the second event is satisfied based on the second indication information, thereby determining whether to send the first information to the first communication device.

[0243] For example, the second protocol stack layer is NAS and the fourth protocol stack layer is AS. NAS evaluates whether the second semantic knowledge base satisfies the second event and sends the second indication information to the AS of the second communication device. AS determines whether the second event is satisfied based on the second indication information, thereby determining whether to send the first information to the first communication device.

[0244] For example, the second protocol stack layer is NAS, the fourth protocol stack layer is NAS, and NAS evaluates whether the second semantic knowledge base satisfies the second event and determines whether to send the first information to the first communication device.

[0245] For example, the second protocol stack layer is AS, the fourth protocol stack layer is AS, and AS evaluates whether the second semantic knowledge base satisfies the second event and determines whether to send the first information to the first communication device.

[0246] Optionally, the AS mentioned in the above embodiments can be an RRC layer, a MAC layer, a PHY layer, etc., but is not limited to these.

[0247] In some embodiments, the second event includes at least one of the following: a change in the parameter information of the second semantic knowledge base, a change in semantic performance, or semantic performance not meeting the current task requirements, but is not limited thereto.

[0248] In some embodiments, the second event includes a change in the parameter information of the second semantic knowledge base, which may be the addition, deletion, or modification of semantic entries in the second semantic knowledge base, but is not limited thereto.

[0249] In some embodiments, the parameter information of the second semantic knowledge base includes data modalities, semantic context, knowledge graph, semantic tags, downstream task information (i.e., downstream task-related knowledge, such as task identifier, task type, task requirements, etc.), models based on a fixed number of parameters (or parametric models), models not based on a fixed number of parameters (or non-parametric models), channel models, propagation environment characteristics, etc., but is not limited to these.

[0250] Optionally, if the semantic representation information of the signal transmitted by the transmitting end is not included in the transmitting end's semantic knowledge base, a semantic knowledge base update is initiated so that the second communication device can trigger the interaction process of the first information. Alternatively, if the signal received by the receiving end and its corresponding semantic representation information are not included in the receiving end's semantic knowledge base, a semantic knowledge base update is initiated. Alternatively, if the similarity between a semantic vector generated based on a semantic base and a semantic vector generated based on a semantic base in the receiving end's semantic knowledge base exceeds a similarity threshold, a semantic knowledge base update is initiated.

[0251] In some embodiments, the second event includes a change in semantic performance. The second communication device may determine that a change in semantic performance has occurred if the performance index of the semantic performance meets a third threshold; or, the second communication device may determine that a change in semantic performance has occurred if the change in the performance index of the semantic performance meets a fourth threshold.

[0252] In some embodiments, semantic performance includes at least one of semantic consistency, semantic real-time performance, and semantic integrity, but is not limited thereto.

[0253] In some embodiments, the performance metric for semantic performance meeting the third threshold may be lower than or not higher than the third threshold, or the performance metric for semantic performance meeting the third threshold may be higher than or not lower than the third threshold. For example, the performance metric for semantic performance meeting the third threshold may be semantic consistency lower than or not higher than the third threshold, semantic real-time performance lower than or not higher than the third threshold, semantic integrity lower than or not higher than the third threshold, semantic communication latency higher than or not lower than the third threshold, and so on, but is not limited thereto.

[0254] In some embodiments, the change in the semantic performance metric satisfying the fourth threshold may exceed the fourth threshold. For example, the change in the semantic performance metric satisfying the fourth threshold may be the change in the semantic consistency performance metric exceeding the fourth threshold, the change in the semantic real-time performance metric exceeding the fourth threshold, the change in the semantic integrity performance metric exceeding the fourth threshold, the change in the semantic communication latency performance metric exceeding the fourth threshold, and so on, but is not limited to these.

[0255] In some embodiments, the second event includes semantic performance not meeting the current task requirements, which may be the current service requirements of the first communication device, but are not limited thereto.

[0256] In some embodiments, the second communication device may determine whether the semantic performance meets the current task requirements based on the second requirement parameter.

[0257] In some embodiments, the second requirement parameter is a semantic communication QoS parameter; or, the first requirement parameter is a direct indication parameter, for example, the second requirement parameter is directly a requirement parameter of the semantic communication task of semantic communication, but is not limited thereto.

[0258] In some embodiments, the second requirement parameter is a semantic communication QoS parameter. A semantic communication task may be associated with a semantic communication QoS parameter. It can be determined whether the semantic performance meets the task requirements based on the semantic communication QoS parameter associated with the semantic communication task. If the semantic performance does not meet the semantic communication QoS parameter associated with the semantic communication task, it is considered that the semantic performance does not meet the task requirements.

[0259] In some embodiments, the second requirement parameter is a semantic communication QoS parameter. The QoS parameter can be determined based on a QoS index, and the mapping relationship between the QoS index and the QoS parameter can be agreed upon by the protocol or pre-configured to the second communication device.

[0260] In some embodiments, the second requirement parameter is the requirement parameter of the semantic communication task. The semantic communication task requirement parameter, which is the first requirement parameter, may be indicated to the second communication device by the first communication device or other communication devices. The second communication device may determine whether the semantic performance meets the task requirements based on the requirement parameter of the semantic communication task. If the semantic performance does not meet the requirement parameter of the semantic communication task, it is considered that the semantic performance does not meet the task requirements.

[0261] In some embodiments, task requirements include, but are not limited to, task completion requirements and / or task real-time requirements.

[0262] In some embodiments, the second communication device may trigger the interaction process of the first information upon receiving a third request from the fifth communication device.

[0263] In some embodiments, the third communication device may be the same as the second communication device, or the third communication device may be different from the second communication device.

[0264] In some embodiments, the fifth communication device is the same as the first communication device, that is, the first communication device can send a third request to the second communication device, and the second communication device can receive the third request sent by the first communication device, thereby determining to trigger the interaction process of the first information upon receiving the third request.

[0265] In some embodiments, the fifth communication device is different from the first communication device. That is, a third request can be sent to the second communication device by a communication device other than the first communication device. The second communication device can receive the third request sent by the other communication device, and thus determine to trigger the interaction process of the first information upon receiving the third request.

[0266] In some embodiments, the fifth communication device includes at least one of a terminal device, an access network device (such as NG-RAN), a core network device (such as a CN node), and a server, but is not limited thereto.

[0267] In some embodiments, the third request may be sent by the fifth communication device based on an implementation; or, the third request may be sent periodically, for example, the fifth communication device may periodically send the third request to the second communication device according to a fourth cycle; or, the third request may be triggered by an event, for example, the fifth communication device may send the third request to the second communication device when a specified event is detected.

[0268] In some embodiments, the name of the third request is not limited, and it may be, for example, an "update request".

[0269] In some embodiments, the second communication device may monitor and evaluate based on the semantic knowledge base update triggering conditions (i.e., the first condition), including but not limited to monitoring and evaluating time, semantic communication performance, and semantic knowledge base status. The second condition includes whether a second cycle is met, whether a second event is met, and whether a third request is received, etc. For details, please refer to the above text; further explanation is not provided here.

[0270] In some embodiments, the second communication device may determine to trigger the interaction process of the first information when at least one of the above second conditions is met, so that the second communication device may actively send the first information to the first communication device, or the second communication device may actively trigger the first communication device to acquire the first information.

[0271] In some embodiments, when the second condition is met, the second communication device may actively send first information to the first communication device so that the first communication device can receive the first information actively sent by the second communication device.

[0272] In some embodiments, when the second condition is met, the second communication device may send a fifth request to the first communication device, the fifth request being used to trigger the first communication device to send a fourth request to the second communication device; the first communication device may receive the fifth request sent by the second communication device, so as to send a fourth request to the second communication device upon receiving the fifth request, the fourth request being used to request the second communication device to send first information to the first communication device; the second communication device may receive the fourth request sent by the first communication device, so as to send the first information to the second communication device upon receiving the fourth request.

[0273] In some embodiments, when the second condition is met, the second communication device may send a second message to the first communication device, the second message being used by the first communication device to determine whether the second condition is met; the first communication device may receive the second message sent by the second communication device to determine whether the second condition is met based on the second message, thereby sending a fourth request to the second communication device when the second condition is met, the fourth request being used to request the second communication device to send first information to the first communication device; the second communication device may receive the fourth request sent by the first communication device to send the first information to the second communication device upon receiving the fourth request.

[0274] In some embodiments, the second message may be used directly to indicate whether the current situation meets the second condition; or, the second message may be an indication message carrying the second condition so that the first communication device can determine whether the current situation meets the second condition based on the second condition carried in the second message; or, the second message may be an indication message that does not carry other information and is only used to trigger the first communication device to determine whether the current situation meets the second condition. In this case, the second condition may be pre-configured for the first communication device.

[0275] In some embodiments, the fifth request or the second message may also be used to indicate knowledge base information of the second semantic knowledge base, but is not limited thereto.

[0276] In some embodiments, the knowledge base information of the second semantic knowledge base may include version information of the second semantic knowledge base (such as version number), but is not limited thereto.

[0277] In some embodiments, the fourth request may also be used to indicate the update method that the first communication device expects to use, but is not limited thereto. It should be noted that the update method that the second communication device expects to use will be described below and will not be repeated here.

[0278] In some embodiments, the name of the fifth request is not limited, and it may be, for example, "trigger request", etc.

[0279] In some embodiments, the name of the fourth request is not limited, and it may be, for example, "get request", "second get request", etc.

[0280] In some embodiments, the name of the second message is not limited, and it may be, for example, "synchronization message", "second synchronization message", etc.

[0281] In some embodiments, the first information includes parameter information of a first semantic knowledge base. The first semantic knowledge base can be the latest version of a second semantic knowledge base; for example, the first semantic knowledge base can be the current semantic knowledge base of the second communication device. The first information can be used by the first communication device to update the second semantic knowledge base, but is not limited thereto.

[0282] In some embodiments, the first information includes all parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base, or the first information includes some parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base.

[0283] In some embodiments, the name of the first information is not limited, and it may be, for example, "first parameter information", "latest parameter information of semantic knowledge base", etc.

[0284] In some embodiments, the names of information, etc., are not limited to the names described in the embodiments. Terms such as "information", "message", "signal", "signaling", "report", "configuration", "indication", "instruction", "command", "channel", "parameter", "domain", "field", "symbol", "symbol", "codebook", "codeword", "codepoint", "bit", "data", "program", and "chip" can be used interchangeably.

[0285] In some embodiments, the first information is further associated with identification information, which is used to identify the version of the first information.

[0286] Step S3102: The first communication device determines the first semantic knowledge base based on the first information and the second semantic knowledge base currently in use by the first communication device.

[0287] In some embodiments, the first communication device may determine the first semantic knowledge base based on the first information and the current second semantic knowledge base of the first communication device, so as to update the first semantic knowledge base and obtain the updated second semantic knowledge base.

[0288] In some embodiments, the first semantic knowledge base may be the current semantic knowledge base of the first communication device, and the second semantic knowledge base may be the updated semantic knowledge base.

[0289] In some embodiments, the first information includes all parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base, or the first information includes some parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base.

[0290] In some embodiments, the first information includes all parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base. The first communication device can use the first information to overwrite the parameter information included in the second semantic knowledge base, or in other words, the first communication device can use the first information to replace all parameter information included in the second semantic knowledge base. That is, the first information includes all parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base, and the first communication device can use a full update method to update the semantic knowledge base.

[0291] In some embodiments, the first information includes partial parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base. The first communication device can use the first information to overwrite the corresponding parameter information in the second semantic knowledge base, while other parameter information in the second semantic knowledge base remains unchanged. Alternatively, the first communication device can retain all parameter information except for the updated portion in the second semantic knowledge base, and the updated portion of parameter information is entirely overwritten by the first information. That is, the first information includes partial parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base, and the first communication device can use differential update to update the semantic knowledge base.

[0292] In some embodiments, the first information, including whether it is all or part of the parameter information for determining the second semantic knowledge base, can be agreed upon by a protocol, determined based on use case requirements, determined based on instructions from the second communication device, or determined based on the implementation of the first communication device itself. That is, whether to use a full update or a differential update method to update the semantic knowledge base can be agreed upon by a protocol, determined based on use case requirements, determined based on instructions from the second communication device, or determined based on the implementation of the first communication device itself.

[0293] In some embodiments, the first information includes determining whether all or part of the parameter information of the second semantic knowledge base is determined based on an instruction from the second communication device. The second communication device may send third instruction information to the first communication device, the third instruction information being used to indicate whether the first information includes all or part of the parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base.

[0294] In some embodiments, the first communication device may indicate the update method that the first communication device expects to use (i.e., the update method that the first communication device prefers) in a request sent to the second communication device (such as a second request or a fourth request). In addition to sending first information to the first communication device based on the request of the first communication device, the second communication device may also send third indication information to the first communication device based on the request of the first communication device, so that the first communication device can determine whether the first information includes all or part of the parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base based on the third indication information, and thus adopt the corresponding method to update and merge the semantic knowledge base.

[0295] Optionally, if the semantic knowledge base has a large number of variables, the first information may include all parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base; or, in the case of periodically and comprehensively updating the semantic knowledge base, the first information may include all parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base.

[0296] In some embodiments, the first information is associated with identification information for identifying the version of the first information, and the first communication device can determine the version of the first semantic knowledge base to support knowledge base version iteration and ensure the consistency of the knowledge base at the sending and receiving ends.

[0297] In some embodiments, after the semantic knowledge base is updated, the accuracy of the updated semantic knowledge base of the first communication device (i.e., the first semantic knowledge base) can be verified, or the consistency of the semantic knowledge base of the first communication device and the semantic knowledge base of the second communication device can be verified, so that the semantic knowledge base of the first communication device can be further adjusted according to the verification results, so as to ensure the accuracy of the semantic knowledge base of the first communication device and its consistency with the semantic knowledge base of the second communication device.

[0298] In some embodiments, after the semantic knowledge base is updated, the first communication device may also synchronize the update of the semantic knowledge base to all relevant nodes. The relevant nodes may include, but are not limited to, all nodes associated with the shared semantic knowledge base.

[0299] In some embodiments, “get,” “obtain,” “receive,” “transmit,” “bidirectional transmission,” and “send and / or receive” can be used interchangeably and can be interpreted as receiving from other entities, obtaining from protocols, obtaining from higher layers, obtaining through self-processing, or autonomous implementation, among other meanings.

[0300] In some embodiments, terms such as “send,” “transmit,” “report,” “distribute,” “transfer,” “bidirectional transmission,” “send and / or receive” can be used interchangeably.

[0301] In some embodiments, terms such as "certain," "preset," "default," "set," "indicated," "a certain," "any," and "first" can be used interchangeably. "Certain A," "preset A," "default A," "set A," "indicated A," "a certain A," "any A," and "first A" can be interpreted as A pre-defined in a protocol or the like, or as A obtained through setting, configuration, or instruction, or as specific A, a certain A, any A, or first A, but are not limited thereto.

[0302] In some embodiments, the determination or judgment can be made by a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), or by a true or false value (boolean), or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., a comparison with a predetermined value), but is not limited thereto.

[0303] In some embodiments, "not expecting to receive" can be interpreted as not receiving on time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources, or as not performing subsequent processing on the data after receiving it; "not expecting to send" can be interpreted as not sending, or as sending but not expecting the receiver to respond to the sent content.

[0304] The semantic communication method disclosed in this embodiment may include at least one of steps S3101 to S3102. For example, step S3101 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, and steps S3101+S3102 may be implemented as standalone embodiments, but are not limited thereto.

[0305] In some embodiments, step S3102 is optional and may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0306] In some embodiments, other optional implementations may be described before or after the specification corresponding to FIG3.

[0307] According to the solution provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, the first communication device performs semantic knowledge base update and obtains semantic knowledge base parameter information from the second communication device.

[0308] In some embodiments, performing a semantic knowledge base update includes at least one of the following:

[0309] (1) Periodically triggering semantic knowledge base updates. Optionally, the first communication device may automatically trigger updates at predetermined time intervals to ensure the timeliness of knowledge base information.

[0310] The periodic information can be configured to the first communication device by the protocol or by network nodes (such as NG-RAN, CN node, OAM or independent knowledge base control nodes).

[0311] (2) Event-triggered semantic knowledge base updates, where event triggering includes at least one of the following:

[0312] a. Changes to knowledge base information were detected, such as the addition, deletion, or modification of semantic entries.

[0313] Optionally, the knowledge base information includes, but is not limited to, data modalities, semantic context, knowledge graphs, semantic tags, downstream task-related knowledge (including task identifiers, task types, and task requirements), parametric / non-parametric models, channel models, and propagation environment characteristics.

[0314] Optionally, during actual communication, if the semantic representation information of the signal at the sending end is not included in the semantic knowledge base at the sending end, an update of the semantic knowledge base is initiated. The update includes updating the semantic representation information of the sending end and the semantic vector generated based on the semantic base to the semantic knowledge base at the sending end, and sending it to other relevant nodes, such as synchronizing the update with the semantic knowledge base at the receiving end.

[0315] Optionally, if the received signal and its semantic representation information are not included in the receiving end's semantic knowledge base, a semantic knowledge base update is initiated. The update includes updating the semantic representation information of the sending end and / or receiving end and the semantic vectors generated based on the semantic base to the sending end or receiving end's semantic knowledge base, and synchronizing the update with other relevant nodes, such as the semantic knowledge base of the counterpart.

[0316] Optionally, if the similarity between a semantic vector generated based on a semantic base and a semantic vector generated based on a semantic base in the receiving end's semantic knowledge base exceeds a set threshold, then a one-to-one mapping relationship is established between the received semantic vector and the semantic representation information represented by similar semantic vectors, and this mapping is updated in the receiving end's semantic knowledge base. Otherwise, the sending end is requested to send the semantic vector and semantic representation information together and update the receiving end's semantic knowledge base. Furthermore, the semantic knowledge bases of other relevant nodes are updated and synchronized, for example, with the semantic knowledge base of the counterpart node.

[0317] b. Semantic performance has changed or no longer meets task requirements.

[0318] Optionally, semantic performance includes, but is not limited to, semantic consistency, semantic accuracy, semantic real-time performance, and semantic integrity.

[0319] Optionally, task requirements include, but are not limited to, task completion requirements and task real-time requirements.

[0320] Optionally, changes in semantic performance can be determined based on certain thresholds. When the semantic performance meets a certain threshold, or when the difference in semantic performance changes meets a certain threshold, it is considered that the semantic performance has changed, and the semantic knowledge base update is triggered.

[0321] Optionally, whether the semantic performance meets the task requirements can be determined based on semantic communication QoS parameters. For example, if the semantic communication performance does not meet the QoS parameters associated with the task, it is considered that the task requirements are not met, and a semantic knowledge base update is triggered. Alternatively, it can be determined based on the requirement parameters of the semantic communication task. The requirement parameters of the semantic communication task can be indicated to the first communication device by other nodes. If the first communication device determines that the current semantic communication performance cannot meet the requirement parameters of the task based on the requirement parameters, it is considered that the task requirements are not met, and a semantic knowledge base update is triggered.

[0322] (3) Request-based shared knowledge base update. Upon receiving an update request, the first communication device obtains semantic knowledge base parameter information from the second communication device. The update request can be sent by the second communication device or by other communication devices (e.g., a sender or receiver). The update request can be based on implementation details or on the aforementioned periodic or event-triggered requests.

[0323] In some embodiments, event-triggered semantic knowledge base updates can be evaluated by a higher layer, and the first communication device can perform a semantic knowledge base update in response to receiving instruction information from the higher layer.

[0324] In some embodiments, the semantic knowledge base includes at least one of the following: a semantic knowledge base of a source (or source knowledge base), a semantic knowledge base of a channel (or channel knowledge base), and a semantic knowledge base of a task (or task knowledge base).

[0325] In some embodiments, the semantic knowledge base of the information source can be a semantic knowledge base related to the information source, used to store semantic communication parameter information related to the information source in semantic communication.

[0326] In some embodiments, the semantic knowledge base of the channel can be a channel-related semantic knowledge base, used to store semantic communication parameter information related to the channel in semantic communication.

[0327] In some embodiments, the semantic knowledge base of a task can be a task-related semantic knowledge base used to store semantic communication parameter information related to the semantic communication task.

[0328] In some embodiments, semantic knowledge base parameter information can be obtained through full update or differential update.

[0329] In some embodiments, the use of full update or differential update can be determined according to the protocol, use case requirements, device indications, or its own implementation. Differential update means that only the semantic knowledge base parameter information obtained from the second communication is updated, while other knowledge base parameter information remains unchanged.

[0330] In some embodiments, if it is a full update, the updated semantic knowledge base parameter information is used to overwrite all semantic knowledge base parameter information of the current first communication device.

[0331] In some embodiments, if it is a differential update, the updated semantic knowledge base parameter information is used to overwrite the corresponding semantic knowledge base parameter information of the current first node, while other semantic knowledge base parameter information remains unchanged. Alternatively, information other than the updated semantic knowledge base parameter information is retained, and all other information is overwritten with the updated semantic knowledge base parameter information.

[0332] Optionally, if the knowledge base undergoes significant changes or periodic comprehensive updates, a full data update may be adopted.

[0333] Optionally, the device indication may be provided by the first communication device in the update request, indicating the preferred update method of the first communication device, such as a full update or a differential update.

[0334] Optionally, the device indication can be provided by the second communication device in the update response, indicating whether the updated semantic knowledge base parameter information is updated using a full update or a differential update method. The indication information is used by the first communication device to determine how to perform the knowledge base update and merging.

[0335] In some embodiments, the first communication device and the second communication device may refer to Table 1 below:

[0336] Table 1

[0337] The semantic knowledge base management node at the sending end or the semantic knowledge base management node at the receiving end can be the sending end or the receiving end itself, such as NG-RAN, CN node, or server. The shared semantic knowledge base management node can be UE, NG-RAN, CN node, or server.

[0338] In some embodiments, in order to support knowledge base version iteration and ensure knowledge base consistency between the sending and receiving ends, the knowledge base version can be identified by a version number.

[0339] In some embodiments, the semantic knowledge base can be updated by referring to the following process:

[0340] Step 1: The first communication device monitors and evaluates based on the semantic knowledge base trigger conditions. The monitoring and evaluation includes, but is not limited to, semantic communication performance monitoring and knowledge base status monitoring.

[0341] Step 2: The first communication device determines whether an update is needed based on a periodic plan, a specific event, or a request message.

[0342] Step 3: The first communication device determines that the semantic knowledge base update is triggered and requests the latest semantic knowledge base parameter information from the second communication device. Optionally, the request message includes the current database information (e.g., database version number), whether it is an differential update (determined according to the scope of the update, urgency, specific use case or implementation), etc.

[0343] Step 4: Receive the semantic knowledge base parameter information sent by the second communication device and perform knowledge base update. Optionally, the response of the second communication device includes database information (e.g., database version number) and whether it is a differential update (determined based on the scope of the update, urgency, specific use case, first node indication or its own implementation, to assist the first communication device in determining how to perform knowledge base update and merging).

[0344] Step 5: After the update is complete, verify the consistency and accuracy of the knowledge base, and make adjustments based on the verification results.

[0345] Step 6: Synchronize the update to all relevant nodes, including all nodes associated with the shared knowledge base.

[0346] Figure 4A is a flowchart illustrating a semantic communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4A, the present disclosure relates to a semantic communication method, which includes:

[0347] Step S4101: Determine whether to trigger a semantic knowledge base update.

[0348] The optional implementation of step S4101 can be found in the optional implementation of step S3101 in Figure 3 and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 3, which will not be repeated here.

[0349] In some embodiments, the first communication device may trigger a semantic knowledge base update when a first condition is met. For details, please refer to step S3101, which will not be repeated here.

[0350] Step S4102: Send the second request or the first message.

[0351] The optional implementation of step S4102 can be found in the optional implementation of step S3101 in Figure 3 and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 3, which will not be repeated here.

[0352] In some embodiments, the first communication device may send a second request or a first message to the second communication device, but is not limited thereto, and may also send a second request or a first message to other entities.

[0353] In some embodiments, the second request is used to request the acquisition of the first information.

[0354] In some embodiments, the second request is further used for the second communication device to send first information to the first communication device.

[0355] In some embodiments, the first message is used by the second communication device to determine whether a first condition is met, so that the second communication device can send first information to the first communication device if the first condition is met.

[0356] Step S4103: Obtain the first information.

[0357] The optional implementation of step S4103 can be found in the optional implementation of step S3101 in Figure 3 and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 3, which will not be repeated here.

[0358] In some embodiments, the first communication device receives first information sent by the second communication device, but is not limited thereto; it may also receive first information sent by other entities.

[0359] In some embodiments, the first communication device acquires first information as defined by a protocol.

[0360] In some embodiments, the first communication device obtains first information from the upper layer(s).

[0361] In some embodiments, the first communication device processes information to obtain the first information.

[0362] In some embodiments, step S4103 is omitted, and the first communication device autonomously implements the function indicated by the first information, or the above function is a default or default setting.

[0363] In some embodiments, the first information includes parameter information of a first semantic knowledge base, which may be the latest version of the semantic knowledge base.

[0364] In some embodiments, the first information includes all parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base, or the first information includes some parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base.

[0365] Step S4104: Update the semantic knowledge base based on the first information.

[0366] The optional implementation of step S4104 can be found in the optional implementation of step S3102 in Figure 3 and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 3, which will not be repeated here.

[0367] In some embodiments, the first communication device may determine the first semantic knowledge base based on the first information and the second semantic knowledge base in order to update the semantic knowledge base.

[0368] In some embodiments, the first semantic knowledge base is the latest version of the semantic knowledge base, and the second semantic knowledge base is an older version of the semantic knowledge base.

[0369] The semantic communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S4101 to S4104. For example, step S4103 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S4101+S4103 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S4102+S4103 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S4103+S4104 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step S4101+S4102+S4103 and step S4104 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, but are not limited thereto.

[0370] In some embodiments, steps S4101, S4102, and S4104 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0371] Figure 4B is a flowchart illustrating a semantic communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4B, the present disclosure relates to a semantic communication method, which includes:

[0372] Step S4201: Obtain the second request or the first message.

[0373] The optional implementation of step S4201 can be found in the optional implementation of step S3101 in Figure 3 and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 3, which will not be repeated here.

[0374] In some embodiments, the second communication device receives a second request or a first message sent by the first communication device, but is not limited thereto, and may also receive a second request or a first message sent by other entities.

[0375] In some embodiments, the second communication device acquires a second request or a first message as defined by the protocol.

[0376] In some embodiments, the second communication device obtains a second request or a first message from a higher layer(s).

[0377] In some embodiments, the second communication device processes the request to obtain the second request or the first message.

[0378] In some embodiments, step S4201 is omitted, and the second communication device autonomously implements the function indicated by the second request or the first message, or the above function is default or default.

[0379] In some embodiments, the second request is used to request the acquisition of the first information.

[0380] In some embodiments, the second request is further used for the second communication device to send first information to the first communication device.

[0381] In some embodiments, the first message is used by the second communication device to determine whether a first condition is met, so that the second communication device can send first information to the first communication device if the first condition is met.

[0382] Step S4202: Send the first message.

[0383] The optional implementation of step S4202 can be found in the optional implementation of step S3101 in Figure 3 and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 3, which will not be repeated here.

[0384] In some embodiments, the second communication device sends the first information to the first communication device, but is not limited thereto; it may also send the first information to other entities.

[0385] In some embodiments, the first information includes parameter information of a first semantic knowledge base.

[0386] In some embodiments, the first information includes all parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base, or the first information includes some parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base.

[0387] In some embodiments, the first information is used by the first communication device to update the semantic knowledge base.

[0388] In some embodiments, the first information is used by the first communication device to update the parameter information of the second semantic knowledge base to obtain the updated first semantic knowledge base.

[0389] In some embodiments, the first semantic knowledge base is the latest version of the semantic knowledge base, and the second semantic knowledge base is an older version of the semantic knowledge base.

[0390] The semantic communication method disclosed in this embodiment may include at least one of steps S4201 to S4202. For example, step S4202 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, and steps S4201+S4202 may be implemented as standalone embodiments, but are not limited thereto.

[0391] In some embodiments, step S4201 is optional and may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0392] In this embodiment of the disclosure, step S4201 can be combined with step S4102 of FIG4A, and step S4202 can be combined with step S4103 of FIG4A.

[0393] Figure 5A is a flowchart illustrating a semantic communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 5A, the present disclosure relates to a semantic communication method, which includes:

[0394] Step S5101: Obtain the first information.

[0395] The optional implementation of step S5101 can be found in the optional implementation of step S3101 in Figure 3 and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 3, which will not be repeated here.

[0396] In some embodiments, the first communication device receives first information sent by the second communication device, but is not limited thereto; it may also receive first information sent by other entities.

[0397] In some embodiments, the first communication device acquires first information as defined by a protocol.

[0398] In some embodiments, the first communication device obtains first information from the upper layer(s).

[0399] In some embodiments, the first communication device processes information to obtain the first information.

[0400] In some embodiments, step S5101 is omitted, and the first communication device autonomously implements the function indicated by the first information, or the above function is a default or default setting.

[0401] In some embodiments, the first information includes parameter information of a first semantic knowledge base, which may be the latest version of the semantic knowledge base.

[0402] In some embodiments, the first information includes all parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base, or the first information includes some parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base.

[0403] In some embodiments, the first information is actively sent by the second communication device when it determines that the second condition is met.

[0404] In some embodiments, the first information is sent by the second communication device upon receiving a fourth request from the first communication device. The fourth request is used to request the second communication device to send the first information to the first communication device. The fourth request is sent by the first communication device upon receiving a fifth request or a second message from the second communication device.

[0405] In some embodiments, the fifth request is used to trigger the first communication device to send a fourth request to the second communication device.

[0406] In some embodiments, the second message is used by the first communication device to determine whether a second condition is met, so that the first communication device can send a fourth request to the second communication device if the second condition is met.

[0407] Step S5102: Update the semantic knowledge base based on the first information.

[0408] The optional implementation of step S5102 can be found in the optional implementation of step S3102 in Figure 3 and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 3, which will not be repeated here.

[0409] In some embodiments, the first communication device may determine the first semantic knowledge base based on the first information and the second semantic knowledge base in order to update the semantic knowledge base.

[0410] In some embodiments, the first semantic knowledge base is the latest version of the semantic knowledge base, and the second semantic knowledge base is an older version of the semantic knowledge base.

[0411] The semantic communication method disclosed in this embodiment may include at least one of steps S5101 to S5102. For example, step S5101 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, and steps S5101+S5102 may be implemented as standalone embodiments, but are not limited thereto.

[0412] In some embodiments, step S5102 is optional and may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0413] Figure 5B is a flowchart illustrating a semantic communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 5B, the embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a semantic communication method, which includes:

[0414] Step S5201: Determine whether to trigger a semantic knowledge base update.

[0415] The optional implementation of step S5201 can be found in the optional implementation of step S3101 in Figure 3 and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 3, which will not be repeated here.

[0416] In some embodiments, the second communication device may trigger a semantic knowledge base update when a second condition is met. For details, please refer to step S3101, which will not be repeated here.

[0417] Step S5202: Send the first message.

[0418] The optional implementation of step S5202 can be found in the optional implementation of step S3101 in Figure 3 and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 3, which will not be repeated here.

[0419] In some embodiments, the second communication device may send the first information to the first communication device, but is not limited thereto; it may also send the first information to other entities.

[0420] In some embodiments, the second communication device may directly send the first information to the first communication device if it is determined that an update of the semantic knowledge base has been triggered.

[0421] In some embodiments, if a semantic knowledge base update is triggered, the second communication device may send a fifth request to the first communication device. This fifth request triggers the first communication device to send a fourth request to the second communication device. The fourth request requests the second communication device to send first information to the first communication device. The second communication device may receive the fourth request from the first communication device and then send the first information to the first communication device based on the fourth request.

[0422] In some embodiments, the second communication device may send a second message to the first communication device if it determines that a semantic knowledge base update has been triggered. The second message is used by the first communication device to determine whether a second condition is met, so that if the second condition is met, the first communication device may send a fourth request to the second communication device. The second communication device may receive the fourth request sent by the first communication device and then send first information to the first communication device based on the fourth request.

[0423] In some embodiments, the first information includes parameter information of a first semantic knowledge base.

[0424] In some embodiments, the first information includes all parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base, or the first information includes some parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base.

[0425] In some embodiments, the first information is used by the first communication device to update the semantic knowledge base.

[0426] In some embodiments, the first information is used by the first communication device to update the parameter information of the second semantic knowledge base to obtain the updated first semantic knowledge base.

[0427] In some embodiments, the first semantic knowledge base is the latest version of the semantic knowledge base, and the second semantic knowledge base is an older version of the semantic knowledge base.

[0428] The semantic communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S5201 to S5202. For example, step S5202 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, and steps S5201+S5202 may be implemented as standalone embodiments, but are not limited thereto.

[0429] In some embodiments, step S5201 is optional and may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0430] In this embodiment of the disclosure, step S5202 can be combined with step S5102 of FIG5A.

[0431] Figure 6A is a flowchart illustrating a semantic communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 6A, the embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a semantic communication method, which includes:

[0432] Step S6101: Obtain the first information.

[0433] The optional implementations of step S6101 can be found in the optional implementations of steps S3101 and S3102 in Figure 3, the optional implementations of steps S4101, S4102, S4103, and S4104 in Figure 4A, the optional implementations of steps S5101 and S5102 in Figure 5A, and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figures 3, 4A, and 5A, which will not be repeated here.

[0434] In some embodiments, the first communication device may obtain the first information from the second communication device, but is not limited thereto, and may also obtain the first information from other entities.

[0435] In some embodiments, the first communication device acquires first information as defined by a protocol.

[0436] In some embodiments, the first communication device obtains first information from the upper layer(s).

[0437] In some embodiments, the first communication device processes information to obtain the first information.

[0438] In some embodiments, step S6101 is omitted, and the first communication device autonomously implements the function indicated by the first information, or the above function is a default or default setting.

[0439] In some embodiments, the first communication device may obtain first information from the second communication device if at least one of the following first conditions is met: a first cycle is met; a first event is met; a first request is received from a third communication device, wherein the third communication device is the same as the second communication device, or the third communication device is different from the second communication device.

[0440] In some embodiments, the first cycle is agreed upon by the protocol, or the first cycle is configured by the fourth communication device to the first communication device.

[0441] In some embodiments, the fourth communication device includes at least one of an access network device, a core network device, an OAM device, and an independent knowledge base control node.

[0442] In some embodiments, the first communication device may receive first indication information sent by the first protocol stack layer, the first indication information being used to indicate whether a first event has been met.

[0443] In some embodiments, the first event includes at least one of the following: a change in the parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base, a change in semantic performance, or semantic performance failing to meet the current task requirements.

[0444] In some embodiments, the parameter information of the semantic knowledge base includes at least one of data modality, semantic context, knowledge graph, semantic tag, downstream task information, model based on a fixed number of parameters, model not based on a fixed number of parameters, channel model, and propagation environment characteristics.

[0445] In some embodiments, the first communication device may determine that the semantic performance has changed if the performance index of the semantic performance meets a first threshold; or, the first communication device may determine that the semantic performance has changed if the change in the performance index of the semantic performance meets a second threshold.

[0446] In some embodiments, semantic performance includes at least one of semantic consistency, semantic real-time performance, and semantic integrity.

[0447] In some embodiments, the first communication device may determine whether the semantic performance meets the current task requirements based on a first requirement parameter.

[0448] In some embodiments, task requirements include task completion requirements and / or task real-time requirements.

[0449] In some embodiments, the first communication device may send a second request to the second communication device, the second request being used to request the acquisition of first information; or, the first communication device may send a first message to the second communication device, the first message being used by the second communication device to determine whether a first condition is met.

[0450] In some embodiments, the first information includes parameter information of a first semantic knowledge base.

[0451] In some embodiments, the first communication device may determine the first semantic knowledge base based on the first information and the second semantic knowledge base currently in use by the first communication device.

[0452] In some embodiments, the first information includes all parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base; or, the first information includes some parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base.

[0453] In some embodiments, whether the first information includes all or part of the parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base can be determined in at least one of the following ways: according to the protocol; determined based on use case requirements; determined based on the instructions of the second communication device; determined based on the implementation of the first communication device itself.

[0454] In some embodiments, the semantic knowledge base includes at least one of the semantic knowledge base of the information source, the semantic knowledge base of the channel, and the semantic knowledge base of the task.

[0455] In some embodiments, the first information is associated with identification information, which is used to identify the version of the first information.

[0456] In some embodiments, the first communication device is a receiving semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a sending semantic knowledge base management node or a shared semantic knowledge base management node.

[0457] In some embodiments, the first communication device is a sending semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a receiving semantic knowledge base management node or a shared semantic knowledge base management node.

[0458] In some embodiments, the first communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a receiving semantic knowledge base management node or a sending semantic knowledge base management node.

[0459] In some embodiments, the first communication device is a semantic communication sender, and the second communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node.

[0460] In some embodiments, the first communication device is a semantic communication receiver, and the second communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node.

[0461] In some embodiments, the first communication device or the second communication device includes at least one of a terminal device, an access network device, a core network device, and a server.

[0462] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include step S6101, and step S6101 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, but is not limited thereto.

[0463] Figure 6B is a flowchart illustrating a semantic communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 6B, the present disclosure relates to a semantic communication method, which includes:

[0464] Step S6201: Send the first message.

[0465] The optional implementations of step S6201 can be found in the optional implementations of step S3101 in Figure 3, the optional implementations of steps S4201 and S4202 in Figure 4B, the optional implementations of steps S5201 and S5202 in Figure 5B, and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figures 3, 4B, and 5B, which will not be repeated here.

[0466] In some embodiments, the second communication device may send the first information to the first communication device, but is not limited thereto; it may also send the first information to other entities.

[0467] In some embodiments, the second communication device may send first information to the first communication device if at least one of the following second conditions is met: a second cycle is met; a second event is met; a third request is received from a fifth communication device, wherein the fifth communication device is the same as the first communication device, or the fifth communication device is different from the first communication device.

[0468] In some embodiments, the second cycle is agreed upon by the protocol, or the second cycle is configured by the sixth communication device to the second communication device.

[0469] In some embodiments, the sixth communication device includes at least one of an access network device, a core network device, an OAM device, and an independent knowledge base control node.

[0470] In some embodiments, the second communication device may receive second indication information sent by the second protocol stack layer, the second indication information being used to indicate whether a second event has been met.

[0471] In some embodiments, the second event includes at least one of the following: a change in the parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base, a change in semantic performance, or semantic performance failing to meet the current task requirements.

[0472] In some embodiments, the parameter information of the semantic knowledge base includes at least one of data modality, semantic context, knowledge graph, semantic tag, downstream task information, model based on a fixed number of parameters, model not based on a fixed number of parameters, channel model, and propagation environment characteristics.

[0473] In some embodiments, the second communication device may determine that the semantic performance has changed if the performance index of the semantic performance meets a third threshold; or, the second communication device may determine that the semantic performance has changed if the change in the performance index of the semantic performance meets a fourth threshold.

[0474] In some embodiments, semantic performance includes at least one of semantic consistency, semantic real-time performance, and semantic integrity.

[0475] In some embodiments, the second communication device may determine whether the semantic performance meets the current task requirements based on the second requirement parameter.

[0476] In some embodiments, task requirements include task completion requirements and / or task real-time requirements.

[0477] In some embodiments, the second communication device may receive a fourth request sent by the first communication device, the fourth request being used to request the second communication device to send first information to the first communication device.

[0478] In some embodiments, the second communication device may send first information to the first communication device based on a fourth request.

[0479] In some embodiments, the second communication device may send a fifth request to the first communication device, the fifth request being used to trigger the first communication device to send a fourth request to the second communication device; or, the second communication device may send a second message to the first communication device, the second message being used by the first communication device to determine whether a second condition is met, so as to send a fourth request to the second communication device if the second condition is met.

[0480] In some embodiments, the first information includes parameter information of a first semantic knowledge base.

[0481] In some embodiments, the first information is used by the first communication device to determine the first semantic knowledge base based on the first information and the first communication device's current second semantic knowledge base.

[0482] In some embodiments, the first information includes all parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base; or, the first information includes some parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base.

[0483] In some embodiments, whether the first information includes all or part of the parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base is determined by at least one of the following methods: according to the protocol; determined based on use case requirements; determined based on the instructions of the second communication device; or determined based on the implementation of the first communication device itself.

[0484] In some embodiments, the semantic knowledge base includes at least one of the semantic knowledge base of the information source, the semantic knowledge base of the channel, and the semantic knowledge base of the task.

[0485] In some embodiments, the first information is associated with identification information, which is used to identify the version of the first information.

[0486] In some embodiments, the first communication device is a receiving semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a sending semantic knowledge base management node or a shared semantic knowledge base management node.

[0487] In some embodiments, the first communication device is a sending semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a receiving semantic knowledge base management node or a shared semantic knowledge base management node.

[0488] In some embodiments, the first communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a receiving semantic knowledge base management node or a sending semantic knowledge base management node.

[0489] In some embodiments, the first communication device is a semantic communication sender, and the second communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node.

[0490] In some embodiments, the first communication device is a semantic communication receiver, and the second communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node.

[0491] In some embodiments, the first communication device or the second communication device includes at least one of a terminal device, an access network device, a core network device, and a server.

[0492] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include step S6201, and step S6201 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, but is not limited thereto.

[0493] In this embodiment of the disclosure, step S6201 can be combined with step S6101 of FIG6A.

[0494] In the embodiments disclosed herein, some or all of the steps and their optional implementations may be arbitrarily combined with some or all of the steps in other embodiments, or may be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementations in other embodiments.

[0495] This disclosure also provides embodiments of an apparatus for implementing any of the above methods. For example, an apparatus is provided that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by the first communication device in any of the above methods. Furthermore, another apparatus is provided that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by the second communication device in any of the above methods.

[0496] It should be understood that the division of units or modules in the above device is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into a single physical entity, or they can be physically separated. Furthermore, the units or modules in the device can be implemented by a processor calling software: for example, the device includes a processor connected to a memory containing instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or to implement the functions of the units or modules in the above device. The processor can be, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory can be internal or external to the device. Alternatively, the units or modules in the device can be implemented in the form of hardware circuits. The functionality of some or all of the units or modules can be achieved through the design of these hardware circuits, which can be understood as one or more processors. For example, in one implementation, the hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The functionality of some or all of the units or modules is achieved through the design of the logical relationships between the components within the circuit. In another implementation, the hardware circuit can be implemented using a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gates. The connection relationships between the logic gates are configured through configuration files, thereby achieving the functionality of some or all of the units or modules. All units or modules of the above device can be implemented entirely through processor-called software, entirely through hardware circuits, or partially through processor-called software with the remaining parts implemented through hardware circuits.

[0497] In this embodiment, the processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction read and execute capabilities, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP). In another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationships of hardware circuits. The logical relationships of the aforementioned hardware circuits are fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor is a hardware circuit implemented using an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as an FPGA. In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and configuring the hardware circuit can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. Furthermore, it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a Neural Network Processing Unit (NPU), a Tensor Processing Unit (TPU), or a Deep Learning Processing Unit (DPU).

[0498] Figure 7A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first communication device according to an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 7A, the first communication device 7100 may include at least a transceiver module 7101. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 7101 is configured to obtain first information from a second communication device, the first information including parameter information of a first semantic knowledge base. Optionally, the transceiver module 7101 is used to perform at least one of the communication steps (e.g., step S3101, but not limited thereto) performed by the first communication device in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here. In some embodiments, the first communication device 7100 may further include a processing module. Optionally, the processing module is used to perform at least one of the other steps (e.g., step S3102, but not limited thereto) performed by the first communication device in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here.

[0499] Figure 7B is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second communication device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 7B, the second communication device 7200 may include at least a transceiver module 7201. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 7201 is configured to send first information to the first communication device, the first information including parameter information of a first semantic knowledge base. Optionally, the transceiver module 7201 is used to perform at least one of the communication steps (e.g., step S3101, but not limited thereto) performed by the second communication device in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here. In some embodiments, the second communication device 7200 may further include a processing module. Optionally, the processing module is used to perform at least one of the other steps performed by the second communication device in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here.

[0500] In some embodiments, the transceiver module may include a transmitting module and / or a receiving module, which may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the transceiver module may be interchangeable with a transceiver.

[0501] In some embodiments, the processing module may be a single module or may include multiple sub-modules. Optionally, the multiple sub-modules may each perform all or part of the steps required by the processing module. Optionally, the processing module may be interchangeable with a processor.

[0502] Figure 8A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device 8100 proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. The communication device 8100 can be a first communication device, a second communication device, a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the first communication device in implementing any of the above methods, or a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the second communication device in implementing any of the above methods. The communication device 8100 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments; for details, please refer to the descriptions in the above method embodiments.

[0503] As shown in Figure 8A, the communication device 8100 includes one or more processors 8101. The processor 8101 can be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, such as a baseband processor or a central processing unit (CPU). The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the CPU can be used to control communication devices (e.g., base stations, baseband chips, terminal devices, terminal device chips, DUs or CUs, etc.), execute programs, and process program data. The communication device 8100 is used to execute any of the above methods.

[0504] In some embodiments, the communication device 8100 further includes one or more memories 8102 for storing instructions. Optionally, all or part of the memories 8102 may also be located outside the communication device 8100.

[0505] In some embodiments, the communication device 8100 further includes one or more transceivers 8103. When the communication device 8100 includes one or more transceivers 8103, the transceivers 8103 perform at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method (e.g., step S3101, but not limited thereto), and the processor 8101 performs at least one of the other steps (e.g., step S3102, but not limited thereto).

[0506] In some embodiments, a transceiver may include a receiver and / or a transmitter, which may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the terms transceiver, transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, etc., may be used interchangeably; the terms transmitter, transmitting unit, transmitter, transmitting circuit, etc., may be used interchangeably; and the terms receiver, receiving unit, receiver, receiving circuit, etc., may be used interchangeably.

[0507] In some embodiments, the communication device 8100 may include one or more interface circuits 8104. Optionally, the interface circuit 8104 is connected to the memory 8102, and the interface circuit 8104 can be used to receive signals from the memory 8102 or other devices, and can be used to send signals to the memory 8102 or other devices. For example, the interface circuit 8104 can read instructions stored in the memory 8102 and send the instructions to the processor 8101.

[0508] The communication device 8100 described in the above embodiments may be a first communication device or a second communication device, but the scope of the communication device 8100 described in this disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device 8100 may not be limited by FIG8A. The communication device may be a standalone device or may be part of a larger device. For example, the communication device may be: (1) a standalone integrated circuit IC, or chip, or chip system or subsystem; (2) a collection of one or more ICs, optionally, the IC collection may also include storage components for storing data and programs; (3) an ASIC, such as a modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (5) a receiver, terminal device, smart terminal device, cellular phone, wireless device, handheld device, mobile unit, vehicle device, network device, cloud device, artificial intelligence device, etc.; (6) others, etc.

[0509] Figure 8B is a schematic diagram of the structure of chip 8200 according to an embodiment of this disclosure. For cases where the communication device 8100 can be a chip or a chip system, please refer to the schematic diagram of chip 8200 shown in Figure 8B, but it is not limited thereto.

[0510] Chip 8200 includes one or more processors 8201, which are used to perform any of the above methods.

[0511] In some embodiments, chip 8200 further includes one or more interface circuits 8202. Optionally, the interface circuit 8202 is connected to memory 8203, and the interface circuit 8202 can be used to receive signals from memory 8203 or other devices, and the interface circuit 8202 can be used to send signals to memory 8203 or other devices. For example, the interface circuit 8202 can read instructions stored in memory 8203 and send the instructions to processor 8201.

[0512] In some embodiments, the interface circuit 8202 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method (e.g., step S3101, but not limited thereto), and the processor 8201 performs at least one of the other steps (e.g., step S3102, but not limited thereto).

[0513] In some embodiments, the terms interface circuit, interface, transceiver pin, transceiver, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0514] In some embodiments, chip 8200 further includes one or more memories 8203 for storing instructions. Optionally, all or part of the memories 8203 may be located outside of chip 8200.

[0515] This disclosure also proposes a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a communication device 8100, cause the communication device 8100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a storage medium readable by other devices. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a temporary storage medium.

[0516] This disclosure also provides a program product that, when executed by the communication device 8100, causes the communication device 8100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the program product is a computer program product.

[0517] This disclosure also proposes a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the above methods.

[0518] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the following claims.

[0519] It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A semantic communication method, characterized in that, Applied to a first communication device, the method includes: First information is obtained from a second communication device, the first information including parameter information of a first semantic knowledge base.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, First information is obtained from the second communication device if at least one of the following first conditions is met: The first cycle is met; Satisfy the first event; A first request is received from a third communication device, which is the same as the second communication device, or the third communication device is different from the second communication device.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first cycle is as agreed upon in the protocol, or the first cycle is configured by the fourth communication device to the first communication device.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fourth communication device includes at least one of the following: Access network equipment; Core network equipment; Operation, maintenance, and management of OAM equipment; Independent knowledge base control node.

5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive first indication information sent by the first protocol stack layer, the first indication information being used to indicate whether a first event has been met.

6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, The first event includes at least one of the following: The parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base has changed; Semantic performance has changed; The semantic performance does not meet the requirements of the current task.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The parameter information includes at least one of the following: Data modalities; Semantic context; Knowledge graph; Semantic tags; Downstream task information; Models based on a fixed number of parameters; Models not based on a fixed number of parameters; Channel model; Characteristics of the transmission environment.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The method further includes at least one of the following: If the semantic performance metrics meet the first threshold, it is determined that the semantic performance has changed. If the change in the semantic performance metrics meets the second threshold, it is determined that a change in semantic performance has occurred.

9. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that, The semantic performance includes at least one of the following: Semantic consistency; Semantic real-time performance; Semantic integrity.

10. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that, The method further includes at least one of the following: Based on the first requirement parameter, determine whether the semantic performance meets the current task requirements.

11. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that, The task requirements include at least one of the following: Task completion requirements; Real-time requirements for the task.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The method further includes any one of the following: Send a second request to the second communication device, the second request being used to request the acquisition of the first information; A first message is sent to the second communication device, the first message being used by the second communication device to determine whether a first condition is met.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the first information and the current second semantic knowledge base of the first communication device, the first semantic knowledge base is determined.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The first information includes parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base, including any one of the following: The first information includes all parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base; The first information includes some parameter information from the first semantic knowledge base.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, Whether the first information includes all or part of the parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base is determined by at least one of the following methods: According to the agreement; Determined based on use case requirements; Determined based on the indication from the second communication device; Determined based on the implementation of the first communication device itself.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, The semantic knowledge base includes at least one of the following: The semantic knowledge base of the information source; A semantic knowledge base for channels; The semantic knowledge base of the task.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, The first information is associated with identification information, which is used to identify the version of the first information.

18. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that, The first communication device is a receiving end semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a sending end semantic knowledge base management node or a shared semantic knowledge base management node; The first communication device is a sending-end semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a receiving-end semantic knowledge base management node or a shared semantic knowledge base management node; The first communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a receiving semantic knowledge base management node or a sending semantic knowledge base management node; The first communication device is a semantic communication sender, and the second communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node; The first communication device is a semantic communication receiver, and the second communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node.

19. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that, The first communication device or the second communication device includes at least one of the following: Terminal equipment; Access network equipment; Core network equipment; server.

20. A semantic communication method, characterized in that, Applied to a second communication device, the method includes: Send first information to a first communication device, the first information including parameter information of a first semantic knowledge base.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, First information is sent to the first communication device if at least one of the following second conditions is met: The second cycle is met; The second event is satisfied; A third request is received from a fifth communication device, which is either the same as the first communication device or different from the first communication device.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The second cycle is as agreed upon in the protocol, or the second cycle is configured by the sixth communication device to the second communication device.

23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that, The sixth communication device includes at least one of the following: Access network equipment; Core network equipment; OAM equipment; Independent knowledge base control node.

24. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 23, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive second indication information sent by the second protocol stack layer, the second indication information being used to indicate whether the second event is satisfied.

25. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 24, characterized in that, The second event includes at least one of the following: The parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base has changed; Semantic performance has changed; The semantic performance does not meet the requirements of the current task.

26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that, The parameter information of the semantic knowledge base includes at least one of the following: Data modalities; Semantic context; Knowledge graph; Semantic tags; Downstream task information; Models based on a fixed number of parameters; Models not based on a fixed number of parameters; Channel model; Characteristics of the transmission environment.

27. The method according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that, The method further includes at least one of the following: If the semantic performance metrics meet the third threshold, it is determined that the semantic performance has changed. If the change in the semantic performance metrics meets the fourth threshold, it is determined that the semantic performance has changed.

28. The method according to any one of claims 25 to 27, characterized in that, The semantic performance includes at least one of the following: Semantic consistency; Semantic real-time performance; Semantic integrity.

29. The method according to any one of claims 25 to 28, characterized in that, The method further includes at least one of the following: Based on the second requirement parameter, determine whether the semantic performance meets the current task requirements.

30. The method according to any one of claims 25 to 29, characterized in that, The task requirements include at least one of the following: Task completion requirements; Real-time requirements for the task.

31. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 30, characterized in that, The method further includes: The system receives a fourth request sent by the first communication device, the fourth request being used to request the second communication device to send first information to the first communication device.

32. The method according to claim 31, characterized in that, The method further includes any one of the following: Send a fifth request to the first communication device, the fifth request being used to trigger the first communication device to send a fourth request to the second communication device; A second message is sent to the first communication device, the second message being used by the first communication device to determine whether a second condition is met, so that a fourth request is sent to the second communication device if the second condition is met.

33. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 32, characterized in that, The first information is used by the first communication device to determine the first semantic knowledge base based on the first information and the current second semantic knowledge base of the first communication device.

34. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 33, characterized in that, The first information includes parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base, including any one of the following: The first information includes all parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base; The first information includes some parameter information from the first semantic knowledge base.

35. The method according to claim 34, characterized in that, Whether the first information includes all or part of the parameter information of the first semantic knowledge base is determined by at least one of the following methods: According to the agreement; Determined based on use case requirements; Determined based on the indication from the second communication device; Determined based on the implementation of the first communication device itself.

36. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 35, characterized in that, The semantic knowledge base includes at least one of the following: The semantic knowledge base of the information source; A semantic knowledge base for channels; The semantic knowledge base of the task.

37. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 36, characterized in that, The first information is associated with identification information, which is used to identify the version of the first information.

38. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 37, characterized in that, The first communication device is a receiving end semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a sending end semantic knowledge base management node or a shared semantic knowledge base management node; The first communication device is a sending-end semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a receiving-end semantic knowledge base management node or a shared semantic knowledge base management node; The first communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node, and the second communication device is a receiving semantic knowledge base management node or a sending semantic knowledge base management node; The first communication device is a semantic communication sender, and the second communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node; The first communication device is a semantic communication receiver, and the second communication device is a shared semantic knowledge base management node.

39. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 38, characterized in that, The first communication device or the second communication device includes at least one of the following: Terminal equipment; Access network equipment; Core network equipment; server.

40. A first communication device, characterized in that, include: The transceiver module is configured to obtain first information from a second communication device, the first information including parameter information of a first semantic knowledge base.

41. A second communication device, characterized in that, include: The transceiver module is configured to send first information to a first communication device, the first information including at least the latest parameter information of the semantic knowledge base.

42. A first communication device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; The first communication device is used to execute the semantic communication method according to any one of claims 1-19.

43. A second communication device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; The second communication device is used to execute the semantic communication method according to any one of claims 20-39.

44. A communication system, characterized in that, The device includes a first communication device and a second communication device, wherein the first communication device is configured to implement the semantic communication method according to any one of claims 1-19, and the second communication device is configured to implement the semantic communication method according to any one of claims 20-39.

45. A storage medium storing instructions, characterized in that, When the instruction is executed on the communication device, the communication device performs the semantic communication method as described in any one of claims 1-19 or 20-39.

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