Article and method for manufacturing article

Abstract

The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide an article comprising a surface treatment layer having favorable durability.　This article comprises a base material (A), a water and oil repellent layer (C), and a silicon oxide layer (B) which is disposed between the base material (A) and the water and oil repellent layer (C) and contains alkali metal atoms. In the silicon oxide layer (B), the average value of the concentration of alkali metal atoms in a region having a depth of 0.1-0.3 nm from a surface in contact with the water and oil repellent layer (C) is 1.4×1018 atoms / cm3 to 2.6×1020 atoms / cm3. The water and oil repellent layer (C) is formed from a silane compound containing an Si atom to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded, and the structure of the silane compound does not include a fluorine atom.

Description

Article and method for manufacturing article

[0001] FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE The present disclosure relates to articles and methods of making articles.

[0002] It is known that certain silane compounds, when used for surface treatment of substrates, can provide excellent water repellency, oil repellency, antifouling properties, etc. Layers obtained from surface treatment agents containing silane compounds (hereinafter also referred to as "surface treatment layers") are applied as so-called functional thin films to a wide variety of substrates, such as glass, plastics, textiles, sanitary goods, and building materials (Patent Document 1).

[0003] International Publication No. 2023 / 181863 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2019-116097

[0004] There is room for improvement in the durability of the surface treatment layer formed from the above silane compound.

[0005] The present disclosure aims to provide an article having a surface treatment layer with good durability.

[0006] The present disclosure includes the following: [1] A silicon oxide layer (B) comprising a substrate (A), a water- and oil-repellent layer (C), and the silicon oxide layer (B) is disposed between the substrate (A) and the water- and oil-repellent layer (C) and contains alkali metal atoms, wherein the average concentration of alkali metal atoms in the silicon oxide layer (B) in a region having a depth of 0.1 to 0.3 nm from the surface in contact with the water- and oil-repellent layer (C) is 1.4 × 10 １８ atoms / cm ３ 2.6 x 10 ２０ atoms / cm ３ The silicon oxide layer (B) is － , S.O. ３ － , NO ３ － , S.O. ４ ２－ , and P.O. ３ －[2] An article according to [1], wherein the water- and oil-repellent layer (C) is formed from a silane compound containing a Si atom to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded, and the silane compound does not contain a fluorine atom in its structure. [3] An article according to [1], wherein the alkali metal atom contains a sodium atom. [4] The article according to [1], wherein the silicon oxide layer (B) is formed from a silicon dioxide layer containing a Cl － , S.O. ３ － and NO ３ － [4] The article according to [1] or [2], comprising one or more selected from the group consisting of: [1], [2] the silicon oxide layer (B) contains sodium atoms, and the average concentration of alkali metal atoms in a region of the silicon oxide layer (B) at a depth of 0.1 to 0.3 nm from the surface in contact with the water- and oil-repellent layer (C) is 1.4 × 10 １８ atoms / cm ３ 2.6 x 10 ２０ atoms / cm ３ The silicon oxide layer (B) is － , S.O. ３ － and NO ３ －[5] The article according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the silicon oxide layer (B) comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of condensates of silicic acid compounds and hydrolysates of alkoxysilanes. [6] The article according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the silicon oxide layer (B) is formed from a binder composition comprising a silicon oxide precursor, an acid, and an alkali metal salt. [7] The article according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the silicon oxide layer (B) is formed from a liquid binder composition comprising a silicon oxide precursor, an acid, an alkali metal salt, and a solvent. [8] The article according to [6] or [7], wherein the silicon oxide precursor comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of a silicic acid compound, a condensate of a silicic acid compound, an alkoxysilane, and a hydrolysis condensate of an alkoxysilane. [9] The silane compound in the water- and oil-repellent layer (C) is represented by the following formula (1): R Ａ１ α -X Ａ -R Ｓｉ β (1) [In formula (1), R Ａ１ represents a monovalent group containing one or more Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is not directly bonded, or a hydrocarbon group; Ｓｉ represents a monovalent group containing a Si atom to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded, Ａ represents a single bond or a divalent to decavalent group, α represents an integer of 1 to 9, and β represents an integer of 1 to 9.

[10] The article according to any one of [1] to [8], containing a compound represented by the formula (1), Ａ１ is represented by the following formula (A4) or (A5): １１ａ - (R Ｓ ) γ１ -(SiR １２ａ ２ ) γ２ - (R Ａｒ ) γ３ - (A4) R １３ａ -(SiR １４ａ２ O) ｎ -SiR １４ａ ２ - (A5) [In formula (A4), R １１ａ represents a monovalent group containing one or more Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is not directly bonded, or a hydrocarbon group; Ｓ are each independently represented by the following formula: [In the formula: R ７３ are each independently a single bond, C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７４ are each independently C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７６ are each independently C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７７ are each independently an optionally substituted arylene group, R ７８ are each independently a single bond or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７９ are each independently a single bond or an oxygen atom, ７５ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer of 0 to 500, y is an integer of 0 to 500, z is an integer of 0 to 500, x + y + z is 1 or more, and the order of occurrence of the repeating units enclosed in parentheses with x, y, or z is arbitrary in the formula. １２ａ each independently represents a hydrocarbon group; Ａｒ represents a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group, γ1 is 0 or 1, γ2 is 0 or 1, and γ3 is 0 or 1; in formula (A5), R １３ａ is C １－１２ represents an alkyl group, a phenyl group, or the following group A or group B, wherein the group A and the group B are each a group represented by the following formula: [In the formula: R ５１ are each independently -(R ６１ -SiR ５３ ２ ) ｍａ -R ５３ R ６１ are each independently an oxygen atom or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ５３ are each independently a hydrocarbon group or R ５１’ and R ５１’ is R ５１ Each ma is independently an integer of 1 to 5, provided that R ５１ Medium, R ５１’ The number of is 20 or less, and R ５２are each independently a hydrocarbon group, na is an integer of 1 to 3, and R ５４ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, nb is an integer of 1 to 5, and z is 0 or 1. １４ａ are each independently C １－１２ represents an alkyl group or a phenyl group, and n is an integer of 1 to 1500.

[11] The silane compound is a compound represented by the formula (1), Ａ -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -NR ４１ --, --CONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ CO-, -OCONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ COO-, -NR ４１ -CO-NR ４１ -, -O-, -S-, -CON= or R Ｓ is a divalent to decavalent group containing R ４１ represents a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C １－６ is an alkyl group, R Ｓ is the following formula: [In the formula: R ７３ are each independently a single bond, C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７４are each independently C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７６ are each independently C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７７ are each independently an optionally substituted arylene group, R ７８ are each independently a single bond or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７９ are each independently a single bond or an oxygen atom, ７５ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer of 0 to 500, y is an integer of 0 to 500, z is an integer of 0 to 500, x + y + z is 1 or more, and the order of the repeating units enclosed in parentheses with x, y, or z is arbitrary in the formula.

[12] The article according to [9] or

[10] , containing a compound represented by a group represented by the following formula (1): Ａ is represented by the following formula: -(X １２１ ) ａ０ -X １１０ - [(X １１１ ) ａ１ -(X １１２ ) ａ２ ] - [In the formula: X １２１ is R １６１ ｂ１R ６２ ３－ｂ１ C-, R １６３ ｂ２ R １６４ ３－ｂ２ Si- or R １６５ N- and R １６１ are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group, １６２ is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R １６３ are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group, １６４ is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R １６５ are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group, b1 is 2 or 3, b2 is 2 or 3, and X １１０ is a single bond or an alkylene group having one or more carbon atoms, １１１ is a single bond or a divalent organic group, １１２ is -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -NR ４１ --, --CONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ CO-, -OCONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ COO-, -NR ４１ -CO-NR ４１ -, -O-, -S-, -CON= or R Ｓ and R ４１ represents a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C １－６ is an alkyl group, R Ｓ is the following formula: [In the formula: R ７３ are each independently a single bond, C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７４ are each independently C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７６ are each independently C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７７ are each independently an optionally substituted arylene group, R ７８ are each independently a single bond or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７９ are each independently a single bond or an oxygen atom, ７５are each independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer of 0 to 500, y is an integer of 0 to 500, z is an integer of 0 to 500, x + y + z is 1 or greater, and the repeating units enclosed in parentheses with x, y or z may be present in any order within the formula.], a0 is 0 or 1, a1 is an integer of 1 to 5, a2 is an integer of 0 to 5, and the repeating units enclosed in parentheses with a1 or a2 may be present in any order within the formula.], or a group represented by the formula (X Ａ１ ): [In the formula, X ａ are each independently a single bond or a divalent linking group.]

[13] The silane compound is a compound represented by the formula (1), Ｓｉ is represented by the following formula (S1), (S2), (S3), (S4) or (S5): [In the formula: R １１ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R １２ are each independently a monovalent organic group, and n1 is (SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ ) units are each independently an integer of 0 to 3, １１ are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group, １３ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, each t is independently an integer of 2 or more, R １４ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or -X １１ -SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ and R １５ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or C １－６ Alkylene group or C １－６ is an alkyleneoxy group, R ａ１ are each independently -Z １ -SiR ２１ ｐ１R ２２ ｑ１ R ２３ ｒ１ and Z １ are each independently a divalent organic group, ２１ are each independently -Z １’ -SiR ２１’ ｐ１’ R ２２’ ｑ１’ R ２３’ ｒ１’ and R ２２ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R ２３ are each independently a monovalent organic group, p1 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, q1 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, r1 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, Z １’ are each independently a divalent organic group, ２１’ are each independently -Z １” -SiR ２２” ｑ１” R ２３” ｒ１” and R ２２’ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R ２３’ are each independently a monovalent organic group, p1' are each independently an integer of 0 to 3, q1' are each independently an integer of 0 to 3, r1' are each independently an integer of 0 to 3, Z １” are each independently a divalent organic group, ２２” are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R ２３” are each independently a monovalent organic group; q1" are each independently an integer of 0 to 3; r1" are each independently an integer of 0 to 3; R ｂ１ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R ｃ１are each independently a monovalent organic group, k1 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, l1 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, and m1 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, provided that in formula (S3), there are at least two Si atoms bonded to a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, and R ｄ１ are each independently -Z ２ -CR ３１ ｐ２ R ３２ ｑ２ R ３３ ｒ２ and Z ２ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group, and R ３１ are each independently -Z ２’ -CR ３２’ ｑ２’ R ３３’ ｒ２’ and R ３２ are each independently -Z ３ -SiR ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ and R ３３ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group; p2 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3; q2 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3; r2 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3; Z ２’ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group, and R ３２’ are each independently -Z ３ -SiR ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ and R ３３’ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group; q2' are each independently an integer of 0 to 3; r2' are each independently an integer of 0 to 3; Z ３ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group; R ３４ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R ３５are each independently a monovalent organic group, n2 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, R ｅ１ are each independently -Z ３ -SiR ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ and R ｆ１ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group, k2 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, l2 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, and m2 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3. However, in formula (S4), there are at least two Si atoms bonded to a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, and R ｇ１ and R ｈ１ are each independently -Z ４ -SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ , -Z ４ -SiR ａ１ ｋ１ R ｂ１ ｌ１ R ｃ１ ｍ１ , or -Z ４ -CR ｄ１ ｋ２ R ｅ１ ｌ２ R ｆ１ ｍ２ and Z ４ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group, with the proviso that in formula (S5), there are at least two Si atoms bonded to hydroxyl groups or hydrolyzable groups.

[14] The article according to any one of [9] to

[12] , containing a compound represented by a group represented by the following formula (1): R Ａ１ is represented by the following formula (A4′) or (A5′): １１ａ - (A4') R １３ａ -(SiR １４ａ ２ O) ｎ -SiR １４ａ ２ - (A5') [In formula (A4'), R １１ａ is the following A group: [In the formula: R ５１ are each independently R ５３ - (R ６１ -SiR ５３ ２ ) ｍａ -, and R ６１ are each independently an oxygen atom or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ５３ are each independently a hydrocarbon group or R ５１’ and R ５１’ is R ５１ Each ma is independently an integer of 1 to 5, provided that R ５１ Medium, R ５１’ The number of is 20 or less, and R ５２ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, na is an integer of 1 to 3, and z is 0 or 1; １３ａ is C １－１２ represents an alkyl group, R １４ａ are each independently C １－１２ represents an alkyl group, and n is an integer of 1 to 1500; Ａ is represented by the following formula: -(X １２１ ) ａ０ -X １１０ - [(X １１１ ) ａ１ -(X １１２’ ) ａ２ ] - [In the formula: X １２１ is R １６１ ｂ１ R ６２ ３－ｂ１ C-, R １６３ ｂ２ R １６４ ３－ｂ２ Si- or R １６５ N- and R １６１ are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group, １６２ is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R １６３ are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group, １６４is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R １６５ are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group, b1 is 2 or 3, b2 is 2 or 3, and X １１０ is a single bond or an alkylene group having one or more carbon atoms, １１１ is a single bond or a divalent organic group, １１２’ is -CO-, -NR ４１ --, --CONR ４１ - or -NR ４１ CO-, and R ４１ represents a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C １－６ a0 is an alkyl group, a1 is an integer of 1 to 5, a2 is an integer of 0 to 5, and the order of the repeating units enclosed in parentheses with a1 or a2 is arbitrary in the formula. Ｓｉ is represented by the formula (S2): -SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ (S2) [In formula (S2), R １１ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R １２ are each independently a monovalent organic group, and n1 is (SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ ) units are each independently an integer of 0 to 3.] The article according to any one of [9] to

[13] , containing a compound represented by the following group.

[15] A method for producing an article, the article comprising: a substrate (A); a water- and oil-repellent layer (C) formed from a silane compound containing a Si atom having a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group bonded thereto; and a silicon oxide layer (B) disposed between the substrate (A) and the water- and oil-repellent layer (C) and containing an alkali metal atom, the silane compound having no fluorine atom in its structure, and the silicon oxide layer (B) having an average concentration of alkali metal atoms in a region of 0.1 to 0.3 nm deep from the surface of the silicon oxide layer (B) in contact with the water- and oil-repellent layer (C) is 1.4 × 10 １８ atoms / cm ３2.6 x 10 ２０ atoms / cm ３ The silicon oxide layer (B) is － , S.O. ３ － , NO ３ － , S.O. ４ ２－ , and P.O. ３ － A method for producing an article, comprising one or more selected from the group consisting of:

[0007] The present disclosure can provide an article with a surface treatment layer that has good durability.

[0008] The article of the present disclosure comprises a substrate (A), a water- and oil-repellent layer (C), and a silicon oxide layer (B) disposed between the substrate (A) and the water- and oil-repellent layer (C) and containing alkali metal atoms, wherein the average concentration of alkali metal atoms in a region of the silicon oxide layer (B) that is 0.1 to 0.3 nm deep from the surface that contacts the water- and oil-repellent layer (C) is 1.4 × 10 １８ atoms / cm ３ 2.6 x 10 ２０ atoms / cm ３ The silicon oxide layer (B) is － , S.O. ３ － , NO ３ － , S.O. ４ ２－ , and P.O. ３ － The water- and oil-repellent layer (C) is formed from a silane compound containing a Si atom to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded, and the silane compound does not have a fluorine atom in its structure.

[0009] The article of the present disclosure has good durability of the surface treatment layer. Although the present disclosure should not be interpreted as being limited to a particular theory, the reason why the article of the present disclosure can achieve such an effect is thought to be as follows. That is, when a surface treatment is performed using a silane compound that does not have a fluorine atom in its structure, the use of a silicon oxide layer can improve the adhesion between the surface treatment layer and the substrate. It has also been found that the durability of the surface treatment layer can be improved by including alkali metal atoms in the silicon oxide layer. It is believed that the inclusion of alkali metal atoms in the silicon oxide layer increases the number of silanol groups on the surface of the silicon oxide layer, increasing the number of reaction sites, thereby improving the adhesion between the silicon oxide layer and the water- and oil-repellent layer and improving durability.

[0010] Substrate (A) The substrate (A) that can be used in the present disclosure is not particularly limited. The substrate (A) may be, for example, glass, resin (natural or synthetic resin, for example, a general plastic material, preferably polycarbonate resin, poly(meth)acrylate resin, polyethylene terephthalate resin, triacetyl cellulose resin, polyimide resin, modified (transparent) polyimide resin, polycycloolefin resin, polyethylene naphthalate resin, and may be in the form of a plate, film, or other form), metal (a simple metal such as aluminum, copper, silver, iron, or the like, or a composite such as an alloy), ceramics, semiconductors (silicon, germanium, etc.), fibers (woven fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, etc.), fur, leather, wood, ceramics, stone, building materials, etc., and may be made of any suitable material.

[0011] For example, when the article to be manufactured is an optical component, the material constituting the surface of the (A) substrate may be a material for optical components, such as glass or transparent plastic. Furthermore, the substrate (A) may have an insulating layer, an adhesive layer, a protective layer, a decorative frame layer (I-CON), an atomizing film layer, a hard coat layer, an anti-reflection layer, a polarizing film, a retardation film, an organic EL display module, a liquid crystal display module, or the like, depending on its specific specifications. The anti-reflection layer may be either a single-layer anti-reflection layer or a multi-layer anti-reflection layer. Examples of inorganic materials that can be used for the anti-reflection layer include SiO ２ , SiO, ZrO ２ , TiO ２, TiO, Ti ２ O ３ , Ti ２ O ５ , Al ２ O ３ , Ta ２ O ５ , Ta ３ O ５ , Nb ２ O ５ , HfO ２ , Si ３ N ４ , CeO ２ , MgO, Y ２ O ３ , SnO ２ , MgF ２ , W.O. ３ These inorganic substances may be used alone or in combination of two or more (for example, as a mixture). In the case of a multi-layer antireflection layer, the outermost layer may contain SiO ２ and / or SiO is preferably used. When the article to be manufactured is an optical glass component for a touch panel, a transparent electrode, for example, a thin film using indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide, may be provided on a portion of the surface of the substrate (glass). Furthermore, the substrate may have an insulating layer, an adhesive layer, a protective layer, a decorative frame layer (I-CON), an atomization film layer, a hard coating film layer, a polarizing film, a phase difference film, a liquid crystal display module, or the like, depending on its specific specifications.

[0012] The shape of the substrate (A) is not particularly limited. The surface region of the substrate on which the film (surface treatment layer) is to be formed may be at least a part of the surface of the substrate (A), and may be appropriately determined depending on the use and specific specifications of the article to be manufactured.

[0013] In one embodiment, at least the surface portion of such a substrate may be made of a material that originally contains hydroxyl groups. Examples of such materials include glass, metals (especially base metals), ceramics, semiconductors, and the like, on whose surfaces native oxide or thermal oxide films form. Alternatively, in cases where the presence of hydroxyl groups is insufficient, such as in resins, or in cases where hydroxyl groups are not originally present, some kind of pretreatment can be performed on the substrate to introduce or increase the number of hydroxyl groups on the substrate surface. Examples of such pretreatments include plasma treatment (e.g., corona discharge) and ion beam irradiation. Plasma treatment can introduce or increase hydroxyl groups on the substrate surface, and can also be suitably used to clean the substrate surface (remove foreign matter, etc.). Another example of such pretreatment is a method in which an interfacial adsorbent having carbon-carbon unsaturated bond groups is preliminarily formed in the form of a monomolecular film on the substrate surface by the Langmuir-Blodgett method (LB method) or chemical adsorption method, and then the unsaturated bonds are cleaved in an atmosphere containing oxygen, nitrogen, or the like.

[0014] In another embodiment, the substrate may be one whose surface portion is made of a material containing another reactive group, such as a silicone compound having one or more Si—H groups, or an alkoxysilane.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the substrate is glass, such as sapphire glass, soda-lime glass, alkali aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, alkali-free glass, crystal glass, quartz glass, and crystallized glass, with chemically strengthened soda-lime glass, chemically strengthened alkali aluminosilicate glass, and chemically bonded borosilicate glass being particularly preferred.

[0016] Silicon Oxide Layer (B) The silicon oxide layer (B) is disposed between the substrate (A) and the water- and oil-repellent layer (C), and is a layer mainly composed of silicon oxide and containing alkali metal atoms.

[0017] The alkali metal atom includes lithium, sodium, potassium, etc., and preferably contains sodium.

[0018] In the silicon oxide layer (B), the average concentration of alkali metal atoms in a region at a depth of 0.1 to 0.3 nm from the surface in contact with the water- and oil-repellent layer (C) is 1.4 × 10 １８ atoms / cm ３ 2.6 x 10 ２０ atoms / cm ３ or less, preferably 3.7 × 10 １８ atoms / cm ３ The above is 2.2 x 10 １９ atoms / cm ３ or less, more preferably 3.7 × 10 １８ atoms / cm ３ The above is 9.4 x 10 １８ atoms / cm ３ It can be the following:

[0019] In the silicon oxide layer (B), in a region at a depth of 0.1 to 0.3 nm from the surface in contact with the water- and oil-repellent layer (C), the proportion of sodium may be preferably 80 atomic % or more and 100 atomic % or less, more preferably 90 atomic % or more and 100 atomic % or less, and even more preferably 95 atomic % or more and 100 atomic % or less, based on 100 atomic % of the total amount of alkali metal atoms.

[0020] The average concentration of alkali metal atoms in the region 0.1 to 0.3 nm deep from the surface in contact with the water- and oil-repellent layer (C) can be measured by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS).

[0021] The silicon oxide layer (B) has Cl in a region at a depth of 0.1 to 0.3 nm from the surface in contact with the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C). － , S.O. ３ － , NO ３ － , S.O. ４ ２－ , and P.O. ３ － It is preferable that the composition contains one or more selected from the group consisting of NO ３ － It is more preferred that the composition contains:

[0022] The above Cl － , S.O. ３－ , NO ３ － , S.O. ４ ２－ , and P.O. ３ － The content of one or more selected from the group consisting of may be preferably 1.0% or more and 20.0% or less, more preferably 1.0% or more and 10.0% or less, and even more preferably 1.0% or more and 5.0% or less, relative to the total count number.

[0023] The above Cl － , S.O. ３ － , NO ３ － , S.O. ４ ２－ , and P.O. ３ － The content of one or more selected from the group consisting of can be measured by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS).

[0024] In one embodiment, the silicon oxide layer (B) can be formed from a binder composition. Such a binder composition can preferably contain a silicon oxide precursor, an acid, and an alkali metal salt.

[0025] Examples of the silicon oxide precursor include silicic acid, partial condensates of silicic acid, alkali metal silicates, silane compounds having a hydrolyzable group bonded to a silicon atom, and partial hydrolysis condensates of the silane compounds. Silicic acid and its partial condensates can be converted into silicon oxide by dehydration condensation. Alkali metal silicates can be converted into silicic acid or its partial condensates by the addition of an acid or a cation exchange resin, and the resulting silicic acid or its partial condensates can then be dehydration condensed into silicon oxide. Examples of the hydrolyzable group in a silane compound having a hydrolyzable group bonded to a silicon atom include an alkoxy group and a chlorine atom. The hydrolyzable group in the silane compound can be hydrolyzed to a hydroxyl group, and the resulting silanol compound can be dehydration condensed to form silicon oxide. Examples of silane compounds having a hydrolyzable group bonded to a silicon atom include alkoxysilanes such as tetraalkoxysilanes and alkyltrialkoxysilanes, and tetrachlorosilane.

[0026] The acid may be an inorganic acid or an organic acid.

[0027] Examples of the inorganic acid include hydrochloric acid, sulfurous acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and formic acid. Examples of the organic acid include acetic acid.

[0028] The content of the acid is preferably 0.01 to 10.0 mol, more preferably 0.02 to 5.0 mol, and even more preferably 0.05 to 1.0 mol, per mol of silicon atoms contained in the silicon oxide precursor. When the content of the acid is within this range, it can be easy to control the concentration of alkali metal atoms in the silicon oxide layer (B).

[0029] The alkali metal salt may be any salt containing an alkali metal ion. Examples of the alkali metal ion contained in the alkali metal salt include lithium ion, sodium ion, and potassium ion, with sodium ion being preferred. Examples of the alkali metal ion include chloride salts, sulfite salts, nitrate salts, sulfate salts, and phosphate salts containing these alkali metal ions, with chloride salts and nitrate salts being preferred. Examples of the alkali metal salt include sodium chloride and sodium nitrate.

[0030] The content of the alkali metal salt is preferably 0.01 to 2.0 mol, more preferably 0.05 to 1.0 mol, and even more preferably 0.1 to 0.5 mol, per mol of silicon atoms contained in the silicon oxide precursor. When the content of the alkali metal salt is within this range, it can be easy to control the concentration of alkali metal atoms in the silicon oxide layer (B).

[0031] The conjugate base in the above acid is Cl － , S.O. ３ － , NO ３ － , S.O. ４ ２－ , or P.O. ３ － and Cl that may be contained in the alkali metal salt. － , S.O. ３ －, NO ３ － , S.O. ４ ２－ , or P.O. ３ － In one embodiment, the conjugate base of the acid and the Cl that may be contained in the alkali metal salt may be the same or different. － , S.O. ３ － , NO ３ － , S.O. ４ ２－ , or P.O. ３ － In another embodiment, the conjugate base of the acid and the Cl that may be contained in the alkali metal salt are the same. － , S.O. ３ － , NO ３ － , S.O. ４ ２－ , or P.O. ３ － It is different from.

[0032] In the binder composition, the total content of the silicon oxide precursor, acid, and alkali metal salt may be preferably 1 mass % or more and 60 mass % or less, more preferably 5 mass % or more and 50 mass % or less, and even more preferably 10 mass % or more and 40 mass % or less, of the total amount of the binder composition.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the binder composition may further contain a solvent. A binder composition containing a solvent is also called a liquid binder composition.

[0034] Examples of the solvent include water; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, sec-butanol, 3-pentanol, octyl alcohol, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, and tert-amyl alcohol; glycols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol; cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, and dioxane; amides such as N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, and N-methylpyrrolidone; etc. Among these, water and alcohols are preferred, with methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, and sec-butanol being preferred, and water, methanol, ethanol, and iso-propanol being more preferred.

[0035] In the liquid binder composition, the solvent content may be preferably 90.0% by mass or more and 99.95% by mass or less, more preferably 95.0% by mass or more and 99.90% by mass or less, and even more preferably 98.0% by mass or more and 99.50% by mass or less.

[0036] The silicon oxide layer (B) can be formed by applying the binder composition to the surface of the substrate (A) so as to coat it. The coating method is not particularly limited. For example, a wet coating method or a dry coating method can be used.

[0037] Examples of wet coating methods include dip coating, spin coating, flow coating, spray coating, roll coating, gravure coating, wipe coating, squeegee coating, die coating, ink jet, casting, Langmuir-Blodgett coating, and similar methods.

[0038] Examples of dry coating methods include vapor deposition (usually vacuum deposition), sputtering, CVD, and similar methods. Specific examples of vapor deposition methods (usually vacuum deposition) include resistance heating, electron beam, high frequency heating using microwaves, etc., ion beam, and similar methods. Specific examples of CVD methods include plasma-CVD, optical CVD, thermal CVD, and similar methods.

[0039] Furthermore, coating by atmospheric pressure plasma method is also possible.

[0040] In one embodiment, when using the wet coating method, the solvent is, for example, R ９０ A compound represented by —OH can be used. ９０ is a monovalent organic group, preferably C １－２０ Alkyl group or C ３－２０ The alkylene group may be substituted with one or more substituents. Examples of the substituents include a hydroxyl group, -OR ９１ (where R ９１ is C １－１０ Alkyl group, preferably C １－３ alkyl groups, such as methyl groups.

[0041] When the dry coating method is used, the binder composition may be subjected to the dry coating method as it is, or may be subjected to the dry coating method after being diluted with the above-mentioned solvent.

[0042] The silicon oxide layer (B) is preferably formed so that the silicon oxide precursor is present in the layer together with an acid as a catalyst for hydrolysis and dehydration condensation. Conveniently, in the case of a wet coating method, the binder composition may be diluted with a solvent, and then a catalyst may be added to the diluted binder composition immediately before application to the substrate surface. In the case of a dry coating method, the binder composition containing the catalyst may be directly vapor-deposited (usually vacuum vapor-deposited), or a pellet-shaped material containing the catalyst-added surface treatment agent impregnated on a porous metal such as iron or copper may be vapor-deposited (usually vacuum vapor-deposited).

[0043] The binder composition may contain a catalyst other than an acid. Examples of such a catalyst include any suitable base, transition metal (e.g., Ti, Ni, Sn, Zr, Al, B, etc.), sulfur-containing compounds having an unshared electron pair in their molecular structure, or nitrogen-containing compounds (e.g., sulfoxide compounds, aliphatic amine compounds, aromatic amine compounds, phosphoric acid amide compounds, amide compounds, and urea compounds). Examples of the base catalyst include ammonia, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and organic amines such as triethylamine and diethylamine. Examples of the transition metal, aliphatic amine compound, and aromatic amine compound are the same as those described above.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the silicon oxide layer (B) may be preferably 1 to 50 nm, more preferably 1 to 30 nm, even more preferably 2 to 15 nm, and even more preferably 3 to 10 nm.

[0045] Water- and Oil-Repellent Layer (C) The water- and oil-repellent layer (C) is disposed on the silicon oxide layer (B) and is formed from a silane compound containing a Si atom to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded, and the silane compound does not contain a fluorine atom in its structure. Such a silane compound may typically have a monovalent group containing a Si atom to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded. The hydrolysis condensate of the silane compound can be formed by hydrolysis and / or condensation of the hydroxyl group or the hydrolyzable group to form a siloxane bond (-Si-O-Si-).

[0046] The silane compound is preferably represented by the following formula (1): Ａ１ α -X Ａ -R Ｓｉ β (1) [In formula (1), R Ａ１ represents a monovalent group containing one or more Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is not directly bonded, or a hydrocarbon group; Ｓｉ represents a monovalent group containing a Si atom to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded, Ａrepresents a single bond or a divalent to decavalent group, α represents an integer of 1 to 9, and β represents an integer of 1 to 9.

[0047] As used herein, the term "monovalent organic group" refers to a monovalent group containing carbon. The monovalent organic group is not particularly limited, but may be a hydrocarbon group or a derivative thereof. A hydrocarbon group derivative refers to a group having one or more N, O, S, Si, amide, sulfonyl, siloxane, carbonyl, carbonyloxy, etc. at the end or in the molecular chain of the hydrocarbon group. Note that when simply referring to an "organic group," it refers to a monovalent organic group. Furthermore, the term "divalent organic group" refers to a divalent group containing carbon. Examples of such divalent organic groups include divalent groups in which one more hydrogen atom has been eliminated from an organic group. Similarly, a trivalent or higher organic group refers to a group in which a predetermined number of hydrogen atoms have been eliminated from an organic group.

[0048] As used herein, the term "hydrocarbon group" refers to a group containing carbon and hydrogen, which is obtained by removing a hydrogen atom from a hydrocarbon. Such hydrocarbon groups include, but are not limited to, C １－２０ Examples of hydrocarbon groups include aliphatic hydrocarbon groups and aromatic hydrocarbon groups. The "aliphatic hydrocarbon group" may be linear, branched, or cyclic, and may be saturated or unsaturated. The hydrocarbon group may contain one or more ring structures. The hydrocarbon group may be substituted with one or more substituents.

[0049] As used herein, the substituent of the "hydrocarbon group" is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include a halogen atom, a C １－６ Alkyl group, C ２－６ Alkenyl group, C ２－６ Alkynyl group, C ３－１０ Cycloalkyl group, C ３－１０ Unsaturated cycloalkyl groups, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl groups, 5- to 10-membered unsaturated heterocyclyl groups, C ６－１０Examples include one or more groups selected from aryl groups and 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl groups.

[0050] As used herein, the term "hydrolyzable group" refers to a group that can undergo a hydrolysis reaction, i.e., a group that can be removed from the main skeleton of a compound by a hydrolysis reaction. Examples of hydrolyzable groups include -OR ｈ , -OCOR ｈ , —O—N═CR ｈ ２ , -NR ｈ ２ , -NHR ｈ , —NCO, halogen (wherein R ｈ is a substituted or unsubstituted C １－４ alkyl group), and preferably —OR ｈ (i.e., an alkoxy group). ｈ Examples of the alkyl group include unsubstituted alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, and isobutyl; and substituted alkyl groups such as chloromethyl. Among these, alkyl groups, particularly unsubstituted alkyl groups, are preferred, with methyl and ethyl groups being more preferred.

[0051] As used herein, an "arylene group" is a divalent aromatic group. The arylene group may be a monocyclic aromatic group or a polycyclic aromatic group. The arylene group is, for example, a divalent monocyclic to tricyclic aromatic group, and specific examples thereof include divalent groups obtained by eliminating two hydrogen atoms from benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, fluorene, and phenanthrene, as shown below. The arylene group may be substituted with one or more substituents. The bonding position is arbitrary.

[0052]

[0053] R Ａ１ represents a monovalent group containing one or more silicon atoms to which no hydroxyl group or hydrolyzable group is directly bonded, or a hydrocarbon group.

[0054] R Ａ１The monovalent group containing one or more Si atoms to which no hydroxyl group or hydrolyzable group is directly bonded, and represented by the following formula (A4) or (A5): R １１ａ - (R Ｓ ) γ１ -(SiR １２ａ ２ ) γ２ - (R Ａｒ ) γ３ - (A4) R １３ａ -(SiR １４ａ ２ O) ｎ -SiR １４ａ ２ - (A5) [In formula (A4), R １１ａ represents a monovalent group containing one or more Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is not directly bonded, or a hydrocarbon group; Ｓ are each independently represented by the following formula: [In the formula: R ７３ are each independently a single bond, C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７４ are each independently C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７-R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７６ are each independently C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７７ are each independently an optionally substituted arylene group, R ７８ are each independently a single bond or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７９ are each independently a single bond or an oxygen atom, ７５ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer of 0 to 500, y is an integer of 0 to 500, z is an integer of 0 to 500, x + y + z is 1 or more, and the order of occurrence of the repeating units enclosed in parentheses with x, y, or z is arbitrary in the formula. １２ａ each independently represents a hydrocarbon group; Ａｒ represents a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group, γ1 is 0 or 1, γ2 is 0 or 1, and γ3 is 0 or 1; in formula (A5), R １３ａ is C １－１２ represents an alkyl group, a phenyl group, or the following group A or group B, wherein the group A and the group B are each a group represented by the following formula: [In the formula: R ５１ are each independently -(R ６１ -SiR ５３ ２ ) ｍａ -R ５３ R ６１ are each independently an oxygen atom or C １－６is an alkylene group, R ５３ are each independently a hydrocarbon group or R ５１’ and R ５１’ is R ５１ Each ma is independently an integer of 1 to 5, provided that R ５１ Medium, R ５１’ The number of is 20 or less, and R ５２ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, na is an integer of 1 to 3, and R ５４ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, nb is an integer of 1 to 5, and z is 0 or 1. １４ａ are each independently C １－１２ represents an alkyl group or a phenyl group, and n is an integer of 1 to 1500. That is, the silane compound may be a group represented by the formula: Ａ１ may include compounds having the above formula (A4) or (A5).

[0055] R １１ａ represents a monovalent group containing one or more Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is not directly bonded, or a hydrocarbon group.

[0056] In one embodiment, R １１ａ is a hydrocarbon group.

[0057] The hydrocarbon group is preferably an alkyl group.

[0058] The alkyl group may be straight-chain or branched. In one embodiment, the alkyl group is straight-chain. In another embodiment, the alkyl group is branched. The alkyl group is preferably C １－１２ alkyl group, more preferably C １－６ alkyl group, more preferably C １－３ An alkyl group is more preferred, a methyl group or an ethyl group is even more preferred, and a methyl group is particularly preferred.

[0059] In one embodiment, R １１ａ is the following A group: [In the formula: R ５１ are each independently R ５３- (R ６１ -SiR ５３ ２ ) ｍａ -, and R ６１ are each independently an oxygen atom or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ５３ are each independently a hydrocarbon group or R ５１’ and R ５１’ is R ５１ Each ma is independently an integer of 1 to 5, provided that R ５１ Medium, R ５１’ The number of is 20 or less, and R ５２ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, na is an integer of 1 to 3, and z is 0 or 1. ５１ are each independently R ５３ -(SiR ５３ ２ -R ６１ ) ｍａ - is a group represented by the formula:

[0060] R ６１ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or C １－６ It is an alkylene group.

[0061] R ６１ C in １－６ The alkylene group may be a straight chain or a branched chain. １－６ The alkylene group is preferably C １－４ Alkylene group, more preferably C ２－４ It may be an alkylene group.

[0062] In one embodiment, R ６１ is an oxygen atom or C １－６ It is an alkylene group.

[0063] In one embodiment, R ６１ is an oxygen atom.

[0064] In one embodiment, some R ６１ is an oxygen atom, and other R ６１ is C １－６ It is an alkylene group.

[0065] R ５３ are each independently a hydrocarbon group or R ５１’ is.

[0066] R ５３ The hydrocarbon group in the formula (I) may preferably be an alkyl group or an aryl group.

[0067] The alkyl group may be straight or branched. The alkyl group is preferably C １－６ alkyl group, more preferably C １－４ The alkyl group is particularly preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, or a tert-butyl group.

[0068] The aryl group may be monocyclic or polycyclic. The aryl is preferably C ６－２０ an aryl group of the formula C ６－１０ The aryl group is preferably a phenyl group.

[0069] R ５３ is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably C １－４ It is an alkyl group.

[0070] R ５１’ is R ５１ That is, R ５１’ is R ５３ -(SiR ５３ ２ O) ｍａ -. However, R ５１ Medium, R ５１’ The number is 20 or less, preferably 10 or less, more preferably 6 or less, and further preferably 3 or less.

[0071] In one embodiment, R ５３ are each independently a hydrocarbon group or R ５１’ is.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment, R ５３ are each independently a hydrocarbon group.

[0073] In one embodiment, R５３ is R ５３’ -(SiR ５３’ ２ -R ６１’ ) ｍａ’ - [In the formula: R ５３’ are each independently a hydrocarbon group or R ５３ -(SiR ５３ ２ -R ６１ ) ｍａ - and at least one R ５３’ is R ５３ -(SiR ５３ ２ -R ６１ ) ｍａ - and R ５３ are each independently or a hydrocarbon group, R ６１ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or C １－６ each m is independently an integer of 1 to 5; ６１’ are each independently an oxygen atom or C １－６ is an alkylene group, and each m a ' is independently an integer of 1 to 5.

[0074] In another embodiment, R ５３ is R ５３’ -(SiR ５３’ ２ -R ６１’ ) ｍａ’ - [In the formula: R ５３’ are each independently a hydrocarbon group or R ５３” -(SiR ５３” ２ -R ６１” ) ｍａ” - and at least one R ５３’ is R ５３” -(SiR ５３” ２ -R ６１” ) ｍａ” - and R ５３” are each independently a hydrocarbon group or R ５３ -(SiR ５３ ２ -R ６１ ) ｍａ- and at least one R ５３” is R ５３ -(SiR ５２ ２ -R ６１ ) ｍａ - and R ５３ are each independently or a hydrocarbon group, R ６１ are each independently an oxygen atom or C １－６ each m is independently an integer of 1 to 5; ６１” are each independently an oxygen atom or C １－６ is an alkylene group, each m a ″ is independently an integer of 1 to 5, R ６１’ are each independently an oxygen atom or C １－６ is an alkylene group, and each m a ' is independently an integer of 1 to 5.

[0075] Each ma is independently an integer of 1 to 5, preferably 1 or 2.

[0076] R ５２ are each independently a hydrocarbon group.

[0077] R ５２ The hydrocarbon group in the formula (I) may preferably be an alkyl group or an aryl group.

[0078] The alkyl group may be straight or branched. The alkyl group is preferably C １－６ alkyl groups of the formula C １－４ The alkyl group is particularly preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, or a tert-butyl group.

[0079] The aryl group may be monocyclic or polycyclic. The aryl is preferably C ６－２０ an aryl group, more preferably C ６－１０ The aryl group is preferably a phenyl group.

[0080] R ５２is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably C １－４ It is an alkyl group.

[0081] n a is an integer of 1 to 3. In one embodiment, n a is 2. In another embodiment, n a is 3. ５１’ If there is a ６１ -SiR ５３ ２ ) ｍａ are selected independently.

[0082] z is 0 or 1. In one embodiment, z is 0. In another embodiment, z is 1.

[0083] In a preferred embodiment, in the A group, R ５１ are each independently R ５３ -(SiR ５３ ２ -R ６１ ) ｍａ -, and R ６１ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or C １－６ an alkylene group, preferably an oxygen atom, or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ５３ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, preferably C １－４ is an alkyl group, ma is 1 or 2, R ５２ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, preferably C １－４ is an alkyl group, and na is 1 or 2.

[0084] Examples of A groups include, but are not limited to, the following groups:

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] In formula (A4), R Ｓ are each independently represented by the following formula: [In the formula: R ７３ are each independently a single bond, C １－１２ alkylene group, -R７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７４ are each independently C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７６ are each independently C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７７ are each independently an optionally substituted arylene group, R ７８ are each independently a single bond or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７９ are each independently a single bond or an oxygen atom,７５ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer of 0 to 500, y is an integer of 0 to 500, z is an integer of 0 to 500, x + y + z is 1 or more, and the order of occurrence of the repeating units enclosed in parentheses with x, y, or z is arbitrary in the formula.

[0088] R ７３ are each independently a single bond, C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -, preferably C １－１２ Alkylene group, or -R ７６ -O-R ７６ - is.

[0089] In one embodiment, R ７３ is a single bond.

[0090] In one embodiment, R ７３ is C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -, preferably C １－１２ Alkylene group, or -R ７６ -O-R ７６ - is.

[0091] R ７４ are each independently C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - is.

[0092] In one embodiment, R ７４ are each independently C １－１２ Alkylene group, or -R ７６ -O-R ７６ - is.

[0093] In another embodiment, R ７４ are each independently -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - is.

[0094] In one embodiment, R ７３ are each independently C １－１２ Alkylene group, or -R ７６ -O-R ７６ - and R ７４ are each independently C １－１２ Alkylene group, or -R ７６ -O-R ７６ - is.

[0095] In another embodiment, R ７３ are each independently C １－１２ Alkylene group, or -R ７６ -O-R ７６ - and R ７４ are each independently -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - is.

[0096] Above C １－１２ The alkylene group may be a straight chain or a branched chain.１－１２ The alkylene group is preferably straight-chain.

[0097] Above C １－１２ The alkylene group is preferably C ２－８ Alkylene group, more preferably C ２－６ It is an alkylene group.

[0098] R ７６ are each independently C １－６ The above C is an alkylene group. １－６ The alkylene group may be a straight chain or a branched chain. １－６ The alkylene group is preferably straight-chain.

[0099] Above C １－６ The alkylene group is preferably C ２－４ Alkylene group, more preferably C ２－３ It is an alkylene group.

[0100] In a preferred embodiment, multiple R ７６ In a group containing ７６ are the same group.

[0101] R ７７ are each independently an optionally substituted arylene group.

[0102] In one embodiment, R ７７ are each independently is.

[0103] In one embodiment, R ７７ is a phenylene group.

[0104] In another embodiment, R ７７ is a naphthylene group.

[0105] The arylene group may have a substituent. The number of the substituents is not particularly limited and is, for example, 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2.

[0106] In one embodiment, the phenylene group and naphthylene group may have a substituent. The number of substituents is not particularly limited and is, for example, 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2. The substituted phenylene group is preferably 2,5-substituted phenylene.

[0107] The substituents on the arylene group are each independently —R １４１ -R １４２ is.

[0108] R １４１ represents a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a sulfur atom, preferably a single bond or an oxygen atom, more preferably an oxygen atom.

[0109] R １４２ is C optionally substituted by halogen １－１２ alkyl group, -(O-R １４３ ) ｐ , -R １４４ -R １４５ , -R １４４ -OR １４６ is.

[0110] The halogen is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, preferably fluorine.

[0111] R １４２ C in １－１２ The alkyl group may be straight-chain or branched.

[0112] R １４３ is C １－６ Alkylene group, preferably C ２－４ It is an alkylene group. Such an alkylene group may be a straight chain or a branched chain.

[0113] R １４４ is C １－１２ Alkylene group, preferably C １－６ It is an alkylene group. Such an alkylene group may be a straight chain or a branched chain.

[0114] R １４５ is -CH=CH ２ or -OCOCH=CH ２ is.

[0115] R１４６ is a hydrogen atom or C １－６ The alkyl group may be a straight chain or a branched chain. １－６ The alkyl group is preferably C １－３ alkyl group, more preferably C １－２ It is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0116] R ７８ are each independently a single bond or C １－６ It is an alkylene group. １－６ The alkylene group may be a straight chain or a branched chain.

[0117] In one embodiment, R ７８ is a single bond.

[0118] In another embodiment, R ７８ is C １－６ It is an alkylene group.

[0119] R ７９ are each independently a single bond or an oxygen atom.

[0120] In one embodiment, R ７９ is a single bond.

[0121] In another embodiment, R ７９ is an oxygen atom.

[0122] R ７５ are each independently a hydrocarbon group. Such hydrocarbon groups may be substituted.

[0123] R ７５ are each independently preferably an unsubstituted hydrocarbon group or a hydrocarbon group substituted with a halogen atom.

[0124] R ７５ are each independently preferably C optionally substituted by a halogen atom. １－１８ an alkyl group or an aryl group, more preferably C １－１８ It is an alkyl group or an aryl group.

[0125] Above C １－１８The alkyl group may be a straight chain or a branched chain, but is preferably a straight chain. １－１８ The alkyl group is preferably C １－１０ alkyl group, more preferably C １－６ alkyl group, more preferably C １－４ It is preferably an alkyl group, and even more preferably a methyl group.

[0126] The aryl group is preferably a phenyl group.

[0127] In one embodiment, R ７５ are each independently C １－６ Alkyl group, preferably C １－４ It is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0128] In another embodiment, R ７５ is a phenyl group.

[0129] In another embodiment, R ７５ are each independently a methyl group or a phenyl group, preferably a methyl group.

[0130] x is an integer of 0 to 500, preferably an integer of 0 to 300, more preferably an integer of 0 to 100, even more preferably an integer of 1 to 100, even more preferably an integer of 5 to 50, and even more preferably an integer of 10 to 30.

[0131] In one embodiment, x is 0.

[0132] In one embodiment, x is an integer of 1 to 500, preferably an integer of 1 to 300, more preferably an integer of 1 to 100, even more preferably an integer of 5 to 50, and even more preferably an integer of 10 to 30.

[0133] y is an integer of 0 to 500, preferably an integer of 0 to 300, more preferably an integer of 0 to 100, even more preferably an integer of 1 to 100, even more preferably an integer of 5 to 50, and even more preferably an integer of 10 to 30.

[0134] In one embodiment, y is 0.

[0135] In one embodiment, y is an integer of 1 to 500, preferably an integer of 1 to 300, more preferably an integer of 1 to 100, even more preferably an integer of 5 to 50, and even more preferably an integer of 10 to 30.

[0136] z is an integer of 0 to 500, preferably an integer of 0 to 300, more preferably an integer of 0 to 100, even more preferably an integer of 1 to 100, still more preferably an integer of 5 to 50, and even more preferably an integer of 10 to 30.

[0137] In one embodiment, z is 0.

[0138] In one embodiment, z is an integer of 1 to 500, preferably an integer of 1 to 300, more preferably an integer of 1 to 100, even more preferably an integer of 5 to 50, and even more preferably an integer of 10 to 30.

[0139] In one embodiment, y is 0 and z is 0.

[0140] In another embodiment, x is 0 and y is 0.

[0141] In yet another embodiment, x is 0 and z is 0.

[0142] The divalent siloxane-containing group may be a random polymer or a block polymer.

[0143] R １２ａ are each independently a hydrocarbon group. １２ａ The hydrocarbon group in may preferably be an alkyl group or an aryl group.

[0144] The alkyl group may be straight or branched. The alkyl group is preferably C １－６ alkyl group, more preferably C １－４ The alkyl group is particularly preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, or a tert-butyl group.

[0145] The aryl group may be monocyclic or polycyclic. The aryl is preferably C ６－２０ an aryl group, more preferably C ６－１０The aryl group is preferably a phenyl group.

[0146] R １２ａ is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably C １－４ It is an alkyl group. １－４ It is an alkyl group.

[0147] R １２ａ C in １－４ The alkyl group may be a straight chain or a branched chain. １－４ The alkyl group is preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, or a tert-butyl group.

[0148] R １２ａ is preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0149] R Ａｒ is a divalent aromatic group.

[0150] The divalent aromatic group is not particularly limited as long as it is a divalent group having aromaticity.

[0151] The divalent aromatic group may be either an aromatic hydrocarbon group or a heteroaromatic group. The aromatic group may be either monocyclic or polycyclic. The polycyclic aromatic group may be a group in which two rings are fused together, a group in which two or more rings are bonded together, for example, by a single bond, or a combination thereof.

[0152] The total number of ring members in the divalent aromatic group may be 6 to 30, preferably 6 to 24, more preferably 6 to 20, still more preferably 6 to 14, and particularly preferably 6 to 12.

[0153] In one embodiment, R Ａｒ is C ６－２０ It is an arylene group.

[0154] In one embodiment, R Ａｒ are each independently represented by the following formula:

[0155]

[0156] In one embodiment, R Ａｒmay be an o-phenylene group, an m-phenylene group, a p-phenylene group, a 2-methyl-1,4-phenylene group, a 2,5-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene group, a 1,2-naphthylene group, a 1,4-naphthylene group, a 1,5-naphthylene group, a 9,10-anthrylene group, a 9,10-phenanthrylene group, or a 4,4′-biphenylylene group.

[0157] In a preferred embodiment, R Ａｒ is a phenylene group, particularly preferably a p-phenylene group.

[0158] The divalent aromatic group may have a substituent. The number of the substituents is not particularly limited and is, for example, 1 to 4, and preferably 1 or 2.

[0159] In a preferred embodiment, R Ａｒ is an unsubstituted phenylene group.

[0160] γ1 is 0 or 1. In one embodiment, γ1 is 0. In one embodiment, γ1 is 1.

[0161] γ2 is 0 or 1, and in one embodiment, γ2 is 0. In one embodiment, γ2 is 1.

[0162] γ3 is 0 or 1, and in one embodiment, γ3 is 0. In one embodiment, γ2 is 1.

[0163] In one embodiment, R Ａ１ is expressed by the following formula (A5): １３ａ -(SiR １４ａ ２ O) ｎ -SiR １４ａ ２ - [In the formula: R １３ａ is C １－１２ is an alkyl group, R １４ａ are each independently C １－１２ is an alkyl group, and n is 1 to 1500.

[0164] R １３ａ C in １－１２ The alkyl group may be linear or branched. １－１２The alkyl group is linear. １－１２ The alkyl group is a branched chain. １－１２ The alkyl group is preferably C １－６ alkyl group, more preferably C １－３ It is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, and particularly preferably a methyl group.

[0165] R １４ａ C in １－１２ The alkyl group may be linear or branched. １－１２ The alkyl group is linear. １－１２ The alkyl group is a branched chain. １－１２ The alkyl group is preferably C １－６ alkyl group, more preferably C １－３ It is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, and particularly preferably a methyl group.

[0166] n is an integer of 1 to 1500, preferably 1 to 500, more preferably 1 to 10, and even more preferably 1 or 2.

[0167] In one embodiment, n is 10 to 500, more preferably 10 to 100.

[0168] In a preferred embodiment, R １３ａ is methyl, and R １４ａ is methyl and n is 1 or 2.

[0169] In one embodiment, R Ａ１ may be a monovalent organic group that contains one or more Si atoms to which no hydroxyl group or hydrolyzable group is directly bonded and does not contain a siloxane bond.

[0170] In one embodiment, R Ａ１ is represented by the following formula: １５ａ ３ [In the formula: R １５ａ are each independently C １－６ Alkyl group or —SiR １６ａ ３ and R １６ａ are each independently C １－６It is an alkyl group.]

[0171] R １５ａ C in １－６ The alkyl group may be linear or branched. １－６ The alkyl group is linear. １－６ The alkyl group is a branched chain. １－６ The alkyl group is preferably C １－４ It is an alkyl group.

[0172] R １６ａ C in １－１２ The alkyl group may be linear or branched. １－１２ The alkyl group is linear. １－１２ The alkyl group is a branched chain. １－１２ The alkyl group is preferably C １－６ alkyl group, more preferably C １－３ It is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, and particularly preferably a methyl group.

[0173] The above-mentioned SiR １５ａ ３ is preferably —Si(CH ３ ) ３ , -Si(CH ２ CH ３ ) ３ , -Si(CH(CH ３ ) ２ ) ３ , -Si(CH ３ ) (CH ３ ) (C(CH ３ ) ３ )), -Si(Si(CH ３ ) ３ , or -Si(Si(CH ２ CH ３ ) ３ It could be.

[0174] R １３ａ is C １－１２ represents an alkyl group, a phenyl group, or the following group A or group B, wherein the group A and the group B are each a group represented by the following formula: [In the formula: R５１ are each independently -(R ６１ -SiR ５３ ２ ) ｍａ -R ５３ R ６１ are each independently an oxygen atom or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ５３ are each independently a hydrocarbon group or R ５１’ and R ５１’ is R ５１ Each ma is independently an integer of 1 to 5, provided that R ５１ Medium, R ５１’ The number of is 20 or less, and R ５２ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, na is an integer of 1 to 3, and R ５４ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, nb is an integer of 1 to 5, and z is 0 or 1.

[0175] In one embodiment, R １３ａ is C １－１２ It is an alkyl group.

[0176] R ７ａ C in １－１２ The alkyl group may be linear or branched. １－１２ The alkyl group is linear. １－１２ The alkyl group is a branched chain. １－１２ The alkyl group is preferably C １－６ alkyl group, more preferably C １－３ It is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, and particularly preferably a methyl group.

[0177] In one embodiment, R １３ａ is a phenyl group.

[0178] Such a phenyl group may have a substituent. The number of the substituents is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2.

[0179] In a preferred embodiment, R １３ａ is an unsubstituted phenyl group.

[0180] In one embodiment, R １３ａ is an A group or a B group. [In the formula: R ５１ are each independently -(R ６１ -SiR ５３ ２ ) ｍａ -R ５３ R ６１ are each independently an oxygen atom or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ５３ are each independently a hydrocarbon group or R ５１’ and R ５１’ is R ５１ Each ma is independently an integer of 1 to 5, provided that R ５１ Medium, R ５１’ The number of is 20 or less, and R ５２ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, na is an integer of 1 to 3, and R ５４ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, nb is an integer of 1 to 5, and z is 0 or 1.

[0181] (A group) R ５１ are each independently R ５３ -(SiR ５３ ２ -R ６１ ) ｍａ - is a group represented by the formula:

[0182] R ６１ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or C １－６ It is an alkylene group.

[0183] R ６１ C in １－６ The alkylene group may be a straight chain or a branched chain. １－６ The alkylene group is preferably C １－４ Alkylene group, more preferably C ２－４ It may be an alkylene group.

[0184] In one embodiment, R ６１ is an oxygen atom or C １－６ It is an alkylene group.

[0185] In one embodiment, R ６１ is an oxygen atom.

[0186] In one embodiment, some R ６１ is an oxygen atom, and other R ６１ is C １－６ It is an alkylene group.

[0187] R ５３ are each independently a hydrocarbon group or R ５１’ is.

[0188] R ５３ The hydrocarbon group in the formula (I) may preferably be an alkyl group or an aryl group.

[0189] The alkyl group may be straight or branched. The alkyl group is preferably C １－６ alkyl group, more preferably C １－４ The alkyl group is particularly preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, or a tert-butyl group.

[0190] The aryl group may be monocyclic or polycyclic. The aryl is preferably C ６－２０ an aryl group, more preferably C ６－１０ The aryl group is preferably a phenyl group.

[0191] R ５３ is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably C １－４ It is an alkyl group.

[0192] R ５１’ is R ５１ That is, R ５１’ is R ５３ -(SiR ５３ ２ O) ｍａ -. However, R ５１ Medium, R ５１’The number is 20 or less, preferably 10 or less, more preferably 6 or less, and further preferably 3 or less.

[0193] In one embodiment, R ５３ are each independently a hydrocarbon group or R ５１’ is.

[0194] In a preferred embodiment, R ５３ are each independently a hydrocarbon group.

[0195] In one embodiment, R ５３ is R ５３’ -(SiR ５３’ ２ -R ６１’ ) ｍａ’ - [In the formula: R ５３’ are each independently a hydrocarbon group or R ５３ -(SiR ５３ ２ -R ６１ ) ｍａ - and at least one R ５３’ is R ５３ -(SiR ５３ ２ -R ６１ ) ｍａ - and R ５３ are each independently or a hydrocarbon group, R ６１ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or C １－６ each m is independently an integer of 1 to 5; ６１’ are each independently an oxygen atom or C １－６ is an alkylene group, and each m a ' is independently an integer of 1 to 5.

[0196] In another embodiment, in one embodiment, R ５３ is R ５３’ -(SiR ５３’ ２ -R ６１’ ) ｍａ’ - [In the formula: R ５３’ are each independently a hydrocarbon group or R ５３” -(SiR ５３”２ -R ６１” ) ｍａ” - and at least one R ５３’ is R ５３” -(SiR ５３” ２ -R ６１” ) ｍａ” - and R ５３” are each independently a hydrocarbon group or R ５３ -(SiR ５３ ２ -R ６１ ) ｍａ - and at least one R ５３” is R ５３ -(SiR ５２ ２ -R ６１ ) ｍａ - and R ５３ are each independently or a hydrocarbon group, R ６１ are each independently an oxygen atom or C １－６ each m is independently an integer of 1 to 5; ６１” are each independently an oxygen atom or C １－６ is an alkylene group, each m a ″ is independently an integer of 1 to 5, R ６１’ are each independently an oxygen atom or C １－６ is an alkylene group, and each m a ' is independently an integer of 1 to 5.

[0197] Each ma is independently an integer of 1 to 5, preferably 1 or 2.

[0198] R ５２ are each independently a hydrocarbon group.

[0199] R ５２ The hydrocarbon group in the formula (I) may preferably be an alkyl group or an aryl group.

[0200] The alkyl group may be straight or branched. The alkyl group is preferably C １－６ alkyl group, more preferably C １－４The alkyl group is particularly preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, or a tert-butyl group.

[0201] The aryl group may be monocyclic or polycyclic. The aryl is preferably C ６－２０ an aryl group, more preferably C ６－１０ The aryl group is preferably a phenyl group.

[0202] R ５２ is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably C １－４ It is an alkyl group.

[0203] n a is an integer of 1 to 3. In one embodiment, n a is 2. In another embodiment, n a is 3. ５１’ If there is a ６１ -SiR ５３ ２ ) ｍａ are selected independently.

[0204] z is 0 or 1. In one embodiment, z is 0. In another embodiment, z is 1.

[0205] In a preferred embodiment, in the A group, R ５１ are each independently R ５３ -(SiR ５３ ２ -R ６１ ) ｍａ -, and R ６１ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or C １－６ an alkylene group, preferably an oxygen atom, or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ５３ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, preferably C １－４ is an alkyl group, ma is 1 or 2, R ５２ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, preferably C １－４ is an alkyl group, and na is 1 or 2.

[0206] Examples of A groups include, but are not limited to, the following groups:

[0207]

[0208]

[0209] (B group) R ５４ are each independently a hydrocarbon group.

[0210] R ５４ The hydrocarbon group in the formula (I) may preferably be an alkyl group or an aryl group.

[0211] The alkyl group may be straight or branched. The alkyl group is preferably C １－６ alkyl group, more preferably C １－４ The alkyl group is particularly preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, or a tert-butyl group.

[0212] The aryl group may be monocyclic or polycyclic. The aryl is preferably C ６－２０ an aryl group, more preferably C ６－１０ The aryl group is particularly preferably a phenyl group.

[0213] R ５４ is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably C １－４ It is an alkyl group.

[0214] nb is an integer of 1 to 5, preferably 2 or 3.

[0215] In a preferred embodiment, in the B group, R ５４ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, preferably C １－４ is an alkyl group; and nb is 2 or 3.

[0216] Examples of B groups include, but are not limited to, the following groups:

[0217] R ８ａ In C １－１２The alkyl group may be linear or branched. １－１２ The alkyl group is linear. １－１２ The alkyl group is a branched chain. １－１２ The alkyl group is preferably C １－６ alkyl group, more preferably C １－３ It is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, and particularly preferably a methyl group.

[0218] n may be 0 to 1500, preferably 0 to 1500, more preferably 0 to 500, and even more preferably 0 to 10. In one embodiment, n may be preferably 1 to 1500, more preferably 1 to 500, and even more preferably 1 to 10. n is even more preferably 0, 1, or 2.

[0219] In one embodiment, n is 10 to 500, more preferably 10 to 100.

[0220] Each n a is independently 0 or 1. In one embodiment, n is 0. In another embodiment, n is 1.

[0221] R １４ａ are each independently C １－１２ It is an alkyl group or a phenyl group.

[0222] In one embodiment, R １４ａ are each independently a phenyl group.

[0223] Such a phenyl group may have a substituent. The number of the substituents is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2.

[0224] In a preferred embodiment, R １４ａ is an unsubstituted phenyl group.

[0225] R １４ａ C in １－１２ The alkyl group may be linear or branched. １－１２ The alkyl group is linear. １－１２ The alkyl group is a branched chain.１－１２ The alkyl group is preferably C １－６ alkyl group, more preferably C １－３ It is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, and particularly preferably a methyl group.

[0226] n is an integer of 1 to 1500, preferably 1 to 500, more preferably 1 to 10, and even more preferably 1 or 2.

[0227] In one embodiment, n is 10 to 500, more preferably 10 to 100.

[0228] In a preferred embodiment, R １３ａ is methyl, and R １４ａ is methyl and n is 1 or 2.

[0229] In a preferred embodiment, R Ａ１ is represented by the following formula (A4′) or (A5′): １１ａ - (A4') R １３ａ -(SiR １４ａ ２ O) ｎ -SiR １４ａ ２ - (A5') [In formula (A4'), R １１ａ is the following A group: [In the formula: R ５１ are each independently R ５３ - (R ６１ -SiR ５３ ２ ) ｍａ -, and R ６１ are each independently an oxygen atom or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ５３ are each independently a hydrocarbon group or R ５１’ and R ５１’ is R ５１ Each ma is independently an integer of 1 to 5, provided that R ５１ Medium, R ５１’ The number of is 20 or less, and R ５２are each independently a hydrocarbon group, na is an integer of 1 to 3, and z is 0 or 1; １３ａ is C １－１２ represents an alkyl group, R １４ａ are each independently C １－１２ represents an alkyl group, and n is an integer of 1 to 1500.

[0230] X Ａ is a part that mainly provides functions such as water repellency and abrasion resistance (R Ａ１ ) and a silane moiety (R Ｓｉ ) and the linker. Ａ is not particularly limited as long as the silane compound represented by formula (1) can exist stably.

[0231] X Ａ represents a single bond or a divalent to decavalent group.

[0232] In one embodiment, X Ａ are each independently —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, or —NR ４１ --, --CONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ CO-, -OCONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ COO-, -NR ４１ -CO-NR ４１ -, -O-, -S-, -CON= or R Ｓ and x is an integer of 1 to 20.

[0233] X Ａ is preferably —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, or —NR ４１ --, --CONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ CO-, -OCONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ COO-, -NR ４１ -CO-NR ４１ -, -O-, -S-, -CON= or R Ｓ is a divalent to decavalent group containing R ４１represents a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C １－６ is an alkyl group, R Ｓ is the following formula: [In the formula: R ７３ are each independently a single bond, C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７４ are each independently C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７６ are each independently C １－６ is an alkylene group, R７７ are each independently an optionally substituted arylene group, R ７８ are each independently a single bond or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７９ are each independently a single bond or an oxygen atom, ７５ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer of 0 to 500, y is an integer of 0 to 500, z is an integer of 0 to 500, x + y + z is 1 or more, and the order of the repeating units enclosed in parentheses with x, y, or z is arbitrary in the formula.] That is, the silane compound can have X Ａ may include compounds in which is the above group.

[0234] R ４１ represents a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C １－６ is an alkyl group. ４１ C in １－６ The alkyl group may be linear or branched. １－６ The alkyl group is linear. １－６ The alkyl group is a branched chain. １－６ The alkyl group is preferably C １－４ alkyl group, more preferably C １－３ It is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, and particularly preferably a methyl group.

[0235] R ４１ The oxyalkylene-containing group in the formula (I) is a group containing —O-alkylene-, and is typically represented by the formula (I) １－１０ It may be an oxyalkylene-containing group. １－１０ The oxyalkylene-containing group is —O—C １－１０ alkylene-containing groups, such as -R ５５ -(-O-C １－１０ alkylene) ｎ -R ５６ (In the formula, R ５５ is a single bond or a divalent organic group, preferably C １－６is an alkylene group, n is an integer, preferably an integer of 2 to 10, and R ５６ is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, preferably C １－６ The alkylene group may be a straight chain or a branched chain.

[0236] In one embodiment, R ４１ is a hydrogen atom.

[0237] In one embodiment, R ４１ is C １－６ It is an alkyl group, preferably a methyl group.

[0238] X Ａ is represented by the following formula: -(X １２１ ) ａ０ -X １１０ - [(X １１１ ) ａ１ -(X １１２ ) ａ２ ] - [In the formula: X １２１ is R １６１ ｂ１ R １６２ ３－ｂ１ C-, R １６３ ｂ２ R １６４ ３－ｂ２ Si- or R １６５ ２ N- and R １６１ are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group, １６２ is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R １６３ are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group, １６４ is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R １６５ are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group, b1 is 2 or 3, b2 is 2 or 3, and X １１０ is a single bond or an alkylene group having one or more carbon atoms, １１１ is a single bond or a divalent organic group, １１２ is -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -NR ４１ --, --CONR ４１ -, -NR ４１CO-, -OCONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ COO-, -NR ４１ -CO-NR ４１ -, -O-, -S-, -CON= or R Ｓ and R ４１ represents a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C １－６ is an alkyl group, R Ｓ is the following formula: [In the formula: R ７３ are each independently a single bond, C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７４ are each independently C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７６ are each independently C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７７ are each independently an optionally substituted arylene group, R ７８ are each independently a single bond or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７９ are each independently a single bond or an oxygen atom, ７５ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer of 0 to 500, y is an integer of 0 to 500, z is an integer of 0 to 500, x + y + z is 1 or greater, and the repeating units enclosed in parentheses with x, y or z may be present in any order within the formula.], a0 is 0 or 1, a1 is an integer of 1 to 5, a2 is an integer of 0 to 5, and the repeating units enclosed in parentheses with a1 or a2 may be present in any order within the formula.], or a group represented by the formula (X Ａ１ ): [In the formula, X ａ are each independently a single bond or a divalent linking group. Ａ The group is R on the left Ａ１又は R Ａ２ and the right side is R Ｓｉ The group is preferably a group represented by the formula:

[0239] X １２１ is R １６１ ｂ１ R １６２ ３－ｂ１ C-, R １６３ ｂ２ R １６４ ３－ｂ２ Si- or R １６５ ２ It is N-.

[0240] R １６１ is a divalent organic group.

[0241] R１６１ is preferably C １－６ Alkylene group, -(CH ２ ) ｆ１ -O-(CH ２ ) ｆ２ - (wherein f1 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and f2 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6), or -(CH ２ ) ｆ３ -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｆ４ - (wherein f3 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and f4 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6). １－６ The alkylene group may be linear or branched, but is preferably linear. These groups include, for example, C １－６ Alkyl group, C ２－６ Alkenyl groups, and C ２－６ It may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from alkynyl groups, but is preferably unsubstituted.

[0242] In a preferred embodiment, R １６１ is C １－６ Alkylene group or -(CH ２ ) ｆ３ -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｆ４ -, preferably -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｆ４ - is.

[0243] In another preferred embodiment, R １６１ is C １－３ In one embodiment, R １６１ is -CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ In another embodiment, R １６１ is -CH ２ CH ２ -It can be.

[0244] R １６２ is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.

[0245] In one embodiment, R １６２ is a hydrogen atom.

[0246] In another embodiment, R １６２ is a monovalent organic group.

[0247] R １６２ In the formula (I), the monovalent organic group is preferably C １－２０ alkyl group, more preferably C １－６ It is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0248] b1 is 2 or 3. In one embodiment, b1 is 2. In another embodiment, b1 is 3.

[0249] R ６３ is a divalent organic group.

[0250] R ６３ is preferably C １－６ Alkylene group, -(CH ２ ) ｇ１ -O-(CH ２ ) ｇ２ - (wherein g1 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and g2 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6), or -(CH ２ ) ｇ３ -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｇ４ - (wherein g3 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and g4 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6). １－６ The alkylene group may be linear or branched, but is preferably linear. These groups include, for example, C １－６ Alkyl group, C ２－６ Alkenyl groups, and C ２－６ It may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from alkynyl groups, but is preferably unsubstituted.

[0251] In a preferred embodiment, R １６３ is C １－６ Alkylene group or -(CH ２ ) ｇ３ -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｇ４ -, preferably -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｇ４ - is.

[0252] In another preferred embodiment, R １６３ is C １－３ In one embodiment, R １６３ is -CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ In another embodiment, R １６３ is -CH ２ CH ２ -It can be.

[0253] R １６４ is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.

[0254] In one embodiment, R １６４ is a hydrogen atom.

[0255] In another embodiment, R １６４ is a monovalent organic group.

[0256] R １６４ In the formula (I), the monovalent organic group is preferably C １－２０ alkyl group, more preferably C １－６ It is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0257] b2 is 2 or 3. In one embodiment, b2 is 2. In another embodiment, b2 is 3.

[0258] R ６５ is a divalent organic group.

[0259] R １６５ is preferably C １－６ Alkylene group, -(CH ２ ) ｈ１ -O-(CH ２ ) ｈ２ - (wherein h1 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and h2 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6), or -(CH ２ ) ｈ３ -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｈ４ - (wherein h3 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and h4 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6). １－６The alkylene group may be linear or branched, but is preferably linear. These groups include, for example, C １－６ Alkyl group, C ２－６ Alkenyl groups, and C ２－６ It may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from alkynyl groups, but is preferably unsubstituted.

[0260] In a preferred embodiment, R １６５ is C １－６ Alkylene group or -(CH ２ ) ｈ３ -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｈ４ -, preferably -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｈ４ - is.

[0261] In another preferred embodiment, R １６５ is C １－３ In one embodiment, R １６５ is -CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ In another embodiment, R １６５ is -CH ２ CH ２ -It can be.

[0262] In one embodiment, X １２１ is R １６１ ｂ１ R １６２ ３－ｂ１ It's C-.

[0263] In one embodiment, X １２１ is R １６３ ｂ２ R １６４ ３－ｂ２ It is Si-.

[0264] In one embodiment, X １２１ is R １６５ ２ It is N-.

[0265] X １１０ is a single bond or an alkylene group having one or more carbon atoms.

[0266] X １１０The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group in X is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 3 or more, even more preferably 6 or more, more preferably 10 or more, still more preferably 12 or more, for example 16 or more, 18 or more, or 22 or more. The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group in X is preferably 60 or less, more preferably 40 or less, even more preferably 30 or less, still more preferably 24 or less. １１０ The alkylene group in may preferably have 3 to 60 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 40 carbon atoms, and even more preferably 10 to 30 carbon atoms.

[0267] X １１０ The alkylene group in may be a straight chain or a branched chain. The alkylene group is preferably a straight chain.

[0268] X １１１ is a single bond or a divalent organic group.

[0269] The divalent organic group is preferably a divalent hydrocarbon group.

[0270] X １１１ The hydrocarbon group in １－３０ It is a hydrocarbon group.

[0271] The hydrocarbon group may preferably be an alkylene group or an arylene group.

[0272] The alkylene group may be linear or branched. The alkylene group is preferably C １－３０ It may be an alkylene group.

[0273] In one embodiment, the alkylene group is, for example, C １－１０ Alkylene group, C １－８ Alkylene group, C １－６ Alkylene group, C ２－１０ Alkylene group, C ２－８ Alkylene group, or C ２－６ It may be an alkylene group.

[0274] In one embodiment, the alkylene group is, for example, C １１－３０The alkylene group may be an alkylene group. The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group may be preferably 10 or more, more preferably 16 or more, even more preferably 18 or more, and still more preferably 22 or more. X １１１ The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group in X may be preferably 60 or less, more preferably 40 or less, even more preferably 30 or less, and even more preferably 24 or less. １ and X １０ The alkylene group in may preferably have 11 to 60 carbon atoms, more preferably 12 to 40 carbon atoms, and even more preferably 16 to 30 carbon atoms.

[0275] The arylene group may be monocyclic or polycyclic. The arylene group is preferably C ６－２０ an arylene group, more preferably C ６－１０ An arylene group is particularly preferably a phenylene group.

[0276] In one embodiment, X １１１ is -X １１３ -X １１２ -X １１４ - [In the formula: X １１３ represents an alkylene group, an oxyalkylene group, or -(C ｊ H ２ｊ ) ｋ１ -(O-C ｊ H ２ｊ ) ｋ２ (wherein j is an integer of 1 to 6, k1 is 1 or 0, and k2 is an integer of 1 to 20), and X １１２ is -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -NR ４１ --, --CONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ CO-, -OCONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ COO-, -NR ４１ -CO-NR ４１ -, -O-, or -S-, preferably -CO-, -NR ４１ --, --CONR ４１ - or -NR ４１ CO-, more preferably -CONR ４１ -or-NR ４１ CO-, and R４１ represents a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C １－６ an alkyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom; X １１４ is a single bond or an alkylene group.

[0277] X １１３ represents an alkylene group, an oxyalkylene group, or -(C ｊ H ２ｊ ) ｋ１ -(O-C ｊ H ２ｊ ) ｋ２ (wherein j is an integer of 1 to 6, k1 is 1 or 0, and k2 is an integer of 1 to 20).

[0278] The alkylene group may be linear or branched. The alkylene group is preferably C １－３０ It may be an alkylene group.

[0279] In one embodiment, the alkylene group is, for example, C １－１０ Alkylene group, C １－８ Alkylene group, C １－６ Alkylene group, C ２－１０ Alkylene group, C ２－８ Alkylene group, or C ２－６ It may be an alkylene group.

[0280] In one embodiment, the alkylene group is, for example, C １１－３０ The alkylene group may have preferably 12 or more carbon atoms, more preferably 16 or more carbon atoms, even more preferably 18 or more carbon atoms, and even more preferably 22 or more carbon atoms. １ and X １０ The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group in X may be preferably 60 or less, more preferably 40 or less, even more preferably 30 or less, and even more preferably 24 or less. １ and X １０ The alkylene group in may preferably have 11 to 60 carbon atoms, more preferably 12 to 40 carbon atoms, and even more preferably 16 to 30 carbon atoms.

[0281] The oxyalkylene group is the alkylene group at the left end (R Ａ１又は RＡ２ The alkylene group is a group having an oxygen atom at the alkyl group side (the alkylene side), that is, an —O-alkylene group.

[0282] j is an integer of 1 to 6, preferably an integer of 2 to 4.

[0283] k1 is 1 or 0, preferably 0.

[0284] k2 is an integer of 1 to 20, preferably an integer of 2 to 10, and more preferably an integer of 2 to 6.

[0285] X １１４ is an alkylene group.

[0286] The alkylene group may be linear or branched. The alkylene group is preferably C １－３０ Alkylene group, preferably C １－１０ Alkylene group, more preferably C １－８ Alkylene groups, even more preferably C １－６ is an alkylene group, for example, C ２－１０ Alkylene group, C ２－８ Alkylene group, or C ２－６ It may be an alkylene group.

[0287] In one embodiment, X １１１ is -O-R Ｓ -X １１３ -X １１２ -X １１４ - [In the formula: R Ｓ is the following formula: [In the formula: R ７３ are each independently a single bond, C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８- or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７４ are each independently C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７６ are each independently C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７７ are each independently an optionally substituted phenylene group or naphthylene group, and R ７８ are each independently a single bond or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７９ are each independently a single bond or an oxygen atom, ７５ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer of 0 to 500, y is an integer of 0 to 500, z is an integer of 0 to 500, x + y + z is 1 or more, and the order of occurrence of the repeating units enclosed in parentheses with x, y, or z is arbitrary in the formula.], X １１２ is -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -NR ４１ --, --CONR ４１ -, -NR ４１CO-, -OCONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ COO-, -NR ４１ -CO-NR ４１ -, -O-, or -S-, preferably -CO-, -NR ４１ --, --CONR ４１ - or -NR ４１ CO-, more preferably -CONR ４１ -or-NR ４１ CO-, and R ４１ represents a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C １－６ an alkyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom; X １１３ represents an alkylene group, an oxyalkylene group, or -(C ｊ H ２ｊ ) ｋ１ -(O-C ｊ H ２ｊ ) ｋ２ (wherein j is an integer of 1 to 6, k1 is 1 or 0, and k2 is an integer of 1 to 20), and X １１４ is a single bond or an alkylene group.

[0288] In one embodiment, X １１１ is -X １１５ -R Ｓ -X １１３ -X １１２ -X １１４ - [In the formula: R Ｓ is the following formula: [In the formula: R ７３ are each independently a single bond, C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８- or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７４ are each independently C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７６ are each independently C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７７ are each independently an optionally substituted phenylene group or naphthylene group, and R ７８ are each independently a single bond or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７９ are each independently a single bond or an oxygen atom, ７５ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer of 0 to 500, y is an integer of 0 to 500, z is an integer of 0 to 500, x + y + z is 1 or more, and the order of occurrence of the repeating units enclosed in parentheses with x, y, or z is arbitrary in the formula.], X １１２ is -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -NR ４１ --, --CONR ４１ -, -NR ４１CO-, -OCONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ COO-, -NR ４１ -CO-NR ４１ -, -O-, or -S-, preferably -CO-, -NR ４１ --, --CONR ４１ - or -NR ４１ CO-, more preferably -CONR ４１ -or-NR ４１ CO-, and R ４１ represents a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C １－６ an alkyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom; X １１３ represents an alkylene group, an oxyalkylene group, or -(C ｊ H ２ｊ ) ｋ１ -(O-C ｊ H ２ｊ ) ｋ２ (wherein j is an integer of 1 to 6, k1 is 1 or 0, and k2 is an integer of 1 to 20), and X １１４ is a single bond or an alkylene group, and X １１５ represents an alkylene group, an oxyalkylene group, or -(C ｐ１０ H ２ｐ１０ ) ｑ１ -(O-C ｐ１０ H ２ｐ１０ ) ｑ２ (wherein p10 is an integer of 1 to 6, q1 is 1 or 0, and q2 is an integer of 1 to 20).

[0289] X １１５ represents an alkylene group, an oxyalkylene group, or -(C ｐ H ２ｐ ) ｑ１ -(O-C ｐ H ２ｐ ) ｑ２ (wherein p is an integer of 1 to 6, q1 is 1 or 0, and q2 is an integer of 1 to 20).

[0290] The alkylene group may be linear or branched. The alkylene group is preferably C １－３０ It may be an alkylene group.

[0291] In one embodiment, the alkylene group is, for example, C １－１０ Alkylene group, C １－８ Alkylene group, C １－６ Alkylene group, C ２－１０ Alkylene group, C ２－８ Alkylene group, or C ２－６ It may be an alkylene group.

[0292] The oxyalkylene group is the alkylene group at the left end (R Ａ１又は R Ａ２ The alkylene group is a group having an oxygen atom at the alkyl group side (the alkylene side), that is, an —O-alkylene group.

[0293] p10 is an integer of 1 to 6, preferably an integer of 2 to 4.

[0294] q1 is 1 or 0, preferably 0.

[0295] q2 is an integer of 1 to 20, preferably an integer of 2 to 10, and more preferably an integer of 2 to 6.

[0296] In one embodiment, X Ａ is expressed by the following formula (X Ａ１ ): [In the formula, X ａ is a single bond or a divalent organic group.

[0297] X ａ is a single bond or a divalent linking group directly bonded to the isocyanuric ring. ａ is preferably a single bond, an alkylene group, or a divalent group containing at least one bond selected from the group consisting of an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, and a sulfide bond, １－１０ An alkylene group or a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and containing at least one bond selected from the group consisting of an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond and a sulfide bond is more preferred.

[0298] X ａ The following formula: -(CX １２１ X １２２ ) ｘ１ -(X ａ１ ) ｙ１ - (CX１２３ X １２４ ) ｚ１ - (wherein, X １２１ ~X １２４ are each independently H, OH, or —OSi(OR １２１ ) ３ (wherein three R １２１ are each independently C １－４ is an alkyl group, ａ１ is -C(=O)NH-, -NHC(=O)-, -O-, -C(=O)O-, -OC(=O)-, -OC(=O)O-, -NH-, or -NHC(=O)NH- (the left side of each bond is CX １２１ X １２２ wherein x1 is an integer of 0 to 10, y1 is 0 or 1, and z1 is an integer of 1 to 10.

[0299] Above X ａ１ is preferably —O— or —C(═O)O—.

[0300] Above X ａ The following formula: -(CH ２ ) ｍ１２ -O-(CH ２ ) ｍ１３ - (wherein m12 is an integer of 1 to 3, and m13 is an integer of 1 to 3), a group represented by -(CH ２ ) ｍ１５ -O-CH ２ CH(OH)-(CH ２ ) ｍ１６ - (wherein m15 is an integer of 1 to 3, and m16 is an integer of 1 to 3), a group represented by -(CH ２ ) ｍ１８ - (wherein m18 is an integer of 1 to 3), a group represented by -(CH ２ ) ｍ２０ -O-CH ２ CH(OSi(OCH ３ ) ３ )-(CH ２ ) ｍ２１ A group represented by the following formula: - (wherein m20 is an integer of 1 to 3, and m21 is an integer of 1 to 3) is particularly preferred.

[0301] Above X ａ is not particularly limited, but specifically includes -CH ２ -, -C ２ H ４ -, -C ３ H ６ -, -C ４ H ８ -, -C ４ H ８ -O-CH ２ -, -CO-O-CH ２ -CH(OH)-CH ２ -, -S-, -NR １２１ -, -(CH ２ ) ｍ２２ -C(=O)-O-(CH ２ ) ｍ２３ -, -(CH ２ ) ｍ２２ -OC(=O)-(CH ２ ) ｍ２３ -, -(CH ２ ) ｍ２２ —C(═O)—NR １２１ - (CH ２ ) ｍ２３ -, -(CH ２ ) ｍ２２ -NR １２１ -C(=O)-(CH ２ ) ｍ２３ -CH ２ OCH ２ CH(OSi(OCH ３ ) ３ ) CH ２ - (wherein, R １２１ is a hydrogen atom or C １－６ is a hydrocarbon chain, m22 is an integer from 1 to 10, and m23 is an integer from 1 to 10.

[0302] In another preferred embodiment, X Ａ may each independently be a divalent organic group containing an alkylene group having 7 or more carbon atoms. Ａ may each independently be a divalent organic group containing an alkylene group having 11 or more carbon atoms. Ａ each independently represents an alkylene group and —CO—, —COO—, or —NR ４１ --, --CONR ４１--, --OCONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ -CO-NR ４１ It may be a divalent organic group further containing -, -CON=, -O- or -S-. More preferably, X Ａ is represented by the following formula: １０Ｂ -X １１Ｂ -X １２Ｂ - [In the formula: X １０Ｂ is an alkylene group having 11 or more carbon atoms, １１Ｂ represents a single bond, —CO—, —COO—, or —NR ４１ --, --CONR ４１ --, --OCONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ -CO-NR ４１ -, -O-, -S-, -O-(CH ２ ) ｘ -CONR ４１ -, or -O-(CH ２ ) ｘ -CO-, and R ４１ represents a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C １－６ is an alkyl group, x is an integer from 1 to 20, and X １２Ｂ is a single bond or C １－６ It is an alkylene group.]

[0303] X Ａ and X １０Ｂ The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group in X may be preferably 12 or more, more preferably 16 or more, even more preferably 18 or more, and still more preferably 22 or more. Ａ and X １０Ｂ The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group in X may be preferably 60 or less, more preferably 40 or less, even more preferably 30 or less, and even more preferably 24 or less. Ａ and X １０Ｂ The alkylene group in may preferably have 11 to 60 carbon atoms, more preferably 12 to 40 carbon atoms, and even more preferably 16 to 30 carbon atoms.

[0304] X Ａ and X １０ＢThe alkylene group in may be a straight chain or a branched chain. The alkylene group is preferably a straight chain.

[0305] X １０Ｂ is preferably —CO—, —COO—, or —NR ４１ --, --CONR ４１ --, --OCONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ -CO-NR ４１ -, -O-, -S-, -O-(CH ２ ) ｘ -CONR ４１ -, or -O-(CH ２ ) ｘ -CO-, more preferably -CO-, -CONR ４１ - or -OCONR ４１ -, more preferably -CONR ４１ - is. R ４１ represents a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C １－６ represents an alkyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom; and x is an integer of 1 to 20.

[0306] In one embodiment, X １２Ｂ is a single bond.

[0307] In another embodiment, X １２Ｂ or C １－６ It is an alkylene group.

[0308] X １２Ｂ in or C １－６ The alkylene group may be a straight chain or a branched chain. １－６ The alkylene group is linear. １－６ The alkylene group is a branched chain. １－６ The alkylene group is preferably C １－４ Alkylene group, more preferably C １－３ It is an alkylene group.

[0309] In one embodiment, X Ａ The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group in Ｓｉ The number of Si atoms in the Ａ or X ＢThe number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group in R Ｓｉ By making the number of Si atoms larger than the number of Si atoms in the surface, the friction durability of the resulting surface treatment layer can be made higher.

[0310] In a preferred embodiment, X Ａ The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group in R Ｓｉ The number of Si atoms in the X group may be 2.5 times or more, preferably 3.0 times or more, and more preferably 3.5 times or more. Ａ The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group in R Ｓｉ The number of Si atoms in the silicon dioxide particles may be preferably 50 times or less, for example 30 times or less, 20 times or less, or 10 times or less, as compared to the number of Si atoms in the silicon dioxide particles.

[0311] In one embodiment, X Ａ The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group in R Ｓｉ The number of atoms in the main chain is greater than the number of atoms in the X Ａ The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group in R Ｓｉ By making the number of atoms greater than the number of atoms in the main chain, the friction durability of the resulting surface treatment layer can be made higher.

[0312] In a preferred embodiment, X Ａ The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group in Ｓｉ The number of atoms in the main chain of X may be 2.0 times or more, preferably 2.5 times or more, more preferably 3.0 times or more, and even more preferably 4.0 times or more. Ａ The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group in R Ｓｉ The number of atoms in the main chain of the olefin may be preferably 30 times or less, for example 20 times or less, 10 times or less, or 6.0 times or less.

[0313] Here, R Ｓｉ The main chain in the middle is X Ａ R bonded to Ｓｉ It means the atomic chain in which the number of atoms (excluding hydrogen atoms) is the largest starting from the Si atom in the R Ｓｉ The number of atoms in the main chain is Si(CH ３ ) ３ OSi(CH ３ ) ２ - is 4, and R ＳｉThe number of atoms in the main chain is Si(CH ３ ) ３ OSi(CH ３ ) ３ OSi(CH ３ ) ２ - is 6, and Si(Si(CH ３ ) ３ ) ３ In the case of -, there are three.

[0314] R Ｓｉ is a monovalent group containing a Si atom to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded.

[0315] R Ｓｉ is represented by the following formula (S1), (S2), (S3), (S4) or (S5): [In the formula: R １１ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R １２ are each independently a monovalent organic group, and n1 is (SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ ) units are each independently an integer of 0 to 3, １１ are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group, １３ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, each t is independently an integer of 2 or more, R １４ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or -X １１ -SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ and R １５ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or C １－６ Alkylene group or C １－６ is an alkyleneoxy group, R ａ１ are each independently -Z １ -SiR ２１ ｐ１ R ２２ ｑ１ R ２３ ｒ１ and Z １ are each independently a divalent organic group,２１ are each independently -Z １’ -SiR ２１’ ｐ１’ R ２２’ ｑ１’ R ２３’ ｒ１’ and R ２２ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R ２３ are each independently a monovalent organic group, p1 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, q1 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, r1 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, Z １’ are each independently a divalent organic group, ２１’ are each independently -Z １” -SiR ２２” ｑ１” R ２３” ｒ１” and R ２２’ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R ２３’ are each independently a monovalent organic group, p1' are each independently an integer of 0 to 3, q1' are each independently an integer of 0 to 3, r1' are each independently an integer of 0 to 3, Z １” are each independently a divalent organic group, ２２” are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R ２３” are each independently a monovalent organic group; q1" are each independently an integer of 0 to 3; r1" are each independently an integer of 0 to 3; R ｂ１ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R ｃ１ are each independently a monovalent organic group, k1 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, l1 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, and m1 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, provided that in formula (S3), there are at least two Si atoms bonded to a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, and R ｄ１ are each independently -Z ２ -CR ３１ｐ２ R ３２ ｑ２ R ３３ ｒ２ and Z ２ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group, and R ３１ are each independently -Z ２’ -CR ３２’ ｑ２’ R ３３’ ｒ２’ and R ３２ are each independently -Z ３ -SiR ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ and R ３３ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group; p2 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3; q2 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3; r2 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3; Z ２’ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group, and R ３２’ are each independently -Z ３ -SiR ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ and R ３３’ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group; q2' are each independently an integer of 0 to 3; r2' are each independently an integer of 0 to 3; Z ３ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group; R ３４ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R ３５ are each independently a monovalent organic group, n2 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, R ｅ１ are each independently -Z ３ -SiR ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ and R ｆ１are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group, k2 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, l2 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, and m2 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3. However, in formula (S4), there are at least two Si atoms bonded to a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, and R ｇ１ and R ｈ１ are each independently -Z ４ -SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ , -Z ４ -SiR ａ１ ｋ１ R ｂ１ ｌ１ R ｃ１ ｍ１ , or -Z ４ -CR ｄ１ ｋ２ R ｅ１ ｌ２ R ｆ１ ｍ２ and Z ４ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group, with the proviso that in formula (S5), there are at least two Si atoms bonded to hydroxyl groups or hydrolyzable groups.

[0316] In the above formula, R １１ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group.

[0317] R １１ are preferably each independently a hydrolyzable group.

[0318] R １１ are preferably each independently -OR ｈ , -OCOR ｈ , —O—N═CR ｈ ２ , -NR ｈ ２ , -NHR ｈ , —NCO, or halogen (wherein R ｈ is a substituted or unsubstituted C １－４ alkyl group), and more preferably -OR ｈ(i.e., an alkoxy group). ｈ Examples of R include unsubstituted alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, and isobutyl; and substituted alkyl groups such as chloromethyl. Among these, alkyl groups, particularly unsubstituted alkyl groups, are preferred, and methyl or ethyl groups are more preferred. In one embodiment, R ｈ is a methyl group, and in another embodiment, R ｈ is an ethyl group.

[0319] In the above formula, R １２ are each independently a monovalent organic group. Such monovalent organic groups are monovalent organic groups excluding the above-mentioned hydrolyzable groups.

[0320] R １２ In the formula (I), the monovalent organic group is preferably C １－２０ alkyl group, more preferably C １－６ It is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0321] In the above formula, n1 is (SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ ) units are each independently an integer of 0 to 3. However, in formula (S1), n1 is 1 to 3 (SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ In other words, in formula (S1), there are at least two Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded.

[0322] n1 is (SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ ) units are each independently an integer of preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 2 to 3, and even more preferably 3.

[0323] In the above formula, X １１ are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. Such a divalent organic group is preferably -R ２８ -O ｘ -R ２９ - (wherein, R２８ and R ２９ are each independently a single bond or C １－２０ is an alkylene group, and x is 0 or 1. １－２０ The alkylene group may be a straight chain or a branched chain, but is preferably a straight chain. １－２０ The alkylene group is preferably C １－１０ Alkylene group, more preferably C １－６ Alkylene group, more preferably C １－３ It is an alkylene group.

[0324] In one embodiment, X １１ are each independently -C １－６ Alkylene -O-C １－６ Alkylene- or -O-C １－６ It is alkylene-.

[0325] In a preferred embodiment, X １１ are each independently a single bond or a linear C １－６ an alkylene group, preferably a single bond or a straight-chain C １－３ Alkylene group, more preferably a single bond or a straight chain C １－２ It is preferably a linear C alkylene group. １－２ It is an alkylene group.

[0326] In the above formula, R １３ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group. Such a monovalent organic group is preferably C １－２０ It is an alkyl group.

[0327] In a preferred embodiment, R １３ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a straight-chain C １－６ is an alkyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom or a straight-chain C １－３ It is an alkyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

[0328] In the above formula, R １５ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or C １－６ Alkylene group or C １－６ It is an alkyleneoxy group.

[0329] In one embodiment, R １５ are each independently an oxygen atom, C １－６ Alkylene group or C １－６ It is an alkyleneoxy group.

[0330] In a preferred embodiment, R １５ is a single bond.

[0331] In the above formula, each t is independently an integer of 2 or more.

[0332] In a preferred embodiment, each t is independently an integer of 2 to 10, preferably an integer of 2 to 6.

[0333] In the above formula, R １４ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or -X １１ -SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ Such a halogen atom is preferably an iodine atom or a chlorine atom. １４ is a hydrogen atom.

[0334] In one embodiment, formula (S1) is the following formula (S1-a): [In the formula, R １１ , R １２ , R １３ , X １１ and n1 are defined as in formula (S1) above, t1 and t2 are each independently an integer of 1 or more, preferably an integer of 1 to 10, more preferably an integer of 2 to 10, for example, an integer of 1 to 5 or an integer of 2 to 5, and the order of the repeating units enclosed in parentheses with t1 and t2 is arbitrary in the formula.]

[0335] In a preferred embodiment, formula (S1) is the following formula (S1-b): [In the formula, R １１ , R １２ , R １３ , X １１ , n1 and t are defined as in formula (S1) above.

[0336] R ａ１ are each independently -Z １-SiR ２１ ｐ１ R ２２ ｑ１ R ２３ ｒ１ is.

[0337] Z １ are each independently an oxygen atom or a divalent organic group. １ The structure written as ２１ ｐ１ R ２２ ｑ１ R ２３ ｒ１ )

[0338] In a preferred embodiment, Z １ is a divalent organic group.

[0339] In a preferred embodiment, Z １ Is Z １ Preferably, in formula (S2), (Si-Z １ —Si) does not contain a siloxane bond.

[0340] Z １ is preferably C １－３０ Alkylene group, -(CH ２ ) ｚ１ -O-(CH ２ ) ｚ２ - (wherein z1 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z2 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6), or -(CH ２ ) ｚ３ -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ４ - (wherein z3 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z4 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6). １－３０ The alkylene group is more preferably C １－２０ Alkylene group, more preferably C １－１５ The alkylene group may be a straight chain or a branched chain, but is preferably a straight chain. These groups include, for example, C １－６ Alkyl group, C ２－６ Alkenyl groups, and C ２－６It may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from alkynyl groups, but is preferably unsubstituted.

[0341] In a preferred embodiment, Z １ is C １－２０ Alkylene group or -(CH ２ ) ｚ３ -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ４ -, preferably -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ４ - is.

[0342] In another preferred embodiment, Z １ is C １－２０ In one embodiment, Z is an alkylene group. １ is -CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ In another embodiment, Z １ is -CH ２ CH ２ In another embodiment, Z １ is -CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ -It can be.

[0343] R ２１ are each independently -Z １’ -SiR ２１’ ｐ１’ R ２２’ ｑ１’ R ２３’ ｒ１’ is.

[0344] Z １’ are each independently an oxygen atom or a divalent organic group. １’ The structure written as ２１’ ｐ１’ R ２２’ ｑ１’ R ２３’ｒ１’ )

[0345] In a preferred embodiment, Z １’ is a divalent organic group.

[0346] In a preferred embodiment, Z １’ Is Z １’ Preferably, in formula (S2), (Si-Z １’ —Si) does not contain a siloxane bond.

[0347] Z １’ is preferably C １－１５ Alkylene group, -(CH ２ ) ｚ１’ -O-(CH ２ ) ｚ２’ - (wherein z1' is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z2' is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6), or -(CH ２ ) ｚ３’ -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ４’ - (wherein z3' is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z4' is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6). １－３０ The alkylene group is more preferably C １－２０ Alkylene group, more preferably C １－１５ The alkylene group may be a straight chain or a branched chain, but is preferably a straight chain. These groups include, for example, C １－６ Alkyl group, C ２－６ Alkenyl groups, and C ２－６ It may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from alkynyl groups, but is preferably unsubstituted.

[0348] In a preferred embodiment, Z １’ is C １－２０ Alkylene group or -(CH ２ ) ｚ３’ -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ４’ -, preferably -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ４’ - is.

[0349] In another preferred embodiment, Z １’ is C １－２０ In one embodiment, Z is an alkylene group. １’ is -CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ In another embodiment, Z １’ is -CH ２ CH ２ In another embodiment, Z １’ is -CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ -It can be.

[0350] The above R ２１’ are each independently -Z １” -SiR ２２” ｑ１” R ２３” ｒ１” is.

[0351] Above Z １” are each independently an oxygen atom or a divalent organic group. １” The structure written as ２２” ｑ１” R ２３” ｒ１” )

[0352] In a preferred embodiment, Z １” is a divalent organic group.

[0353] In a preferred embodiment, Z １” Is Z １” Preferably, in formula (S2), (Si-Z １” —Si) does not contain a siloxane bond.

[0354] Z １” is preferably C １－１５ Alkylene group, -(CH２ ) ｚ１” -O-(CH ２ ) ｚ２” - (wherein z1" is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z2" is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6), or - (CH ２ ) ｚ３” -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ４” - (wherein z3" is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z4" is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6). １－６ The alkylene group may be linear or branched, but is preferably linear. These groups include, for example, C １－６ Alkyl group, C ２－６ Alkenyl groups, and C ２－６ It may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from alkynyl groups, but is preferably unsubstituted.

[0355] In a preferred embodiment, Z １” is C １－２０ Alkylene group or -(CH ２ ) ｚ３” -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ４” -, preferably -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ４” - is. Z １” is such a group, the light resistance, particularly the ultraviolet resistance, can be improved.

[0356] In another preferred embodiment, Z １” is C １－２０ In one embodiment, Z is an alkylene group. １” is -CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ In another embodiment, Z １” is -CH ２ CH ２ In another embodiment, Z １” is -CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ -It can be.

[0357] The above R ２２” are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group.

[0358] The above R ２２” are preferably each independently a hydrolyzable group.

[0359] The above R ２２” are preferably each independently -OR ｈ , -OCOR ｈ , —O—N═CR ｈ ２ , -NR ｈ ２ , -NHR ｈ or —NCO (wherein R ｈ is a substituted or unsubstituted C １－４ alkyl group), and more preferably -OR ｈ (i.e., an alkoxy group). ｈ Examples of R include unsubstituted alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, and isobutyl; and substituted alkyl groups such as chloromethyl. Among these, alkyl groups, particularly unsubstituted alkyl groups, are preferred, and methyl or ethyl groups are more preferred. In one embodiment, R ｈ is a methyl group, and in another embodiment, R ｈ is an ethyl group.

[0360] R ２３” are each independently a monovalent organic group. Such monovalent organic groups are monovalent organic groups excluding the above-mentioned hydrolyzable groups.

[0361] R ２３” In the formula (I), the monovalent organic group is preferably C １－２０ alkyl group, more preferably C １－６ It is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0362] Each q1" is independently an integer of 0 to 3, and each r1" is independently an integer of 0 to 3. The sum of q1" and r1" is (SiR ２２” ｑ１” R ２３” ｒ１” ) units, it is 3.

[0363] q1″ is (SiR ２２” ｑ１” R ２３” ｒ１” ) units are each independently an integer of preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 2 to 3, and even more preferably 3.

[0364] R ２２’ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group.

[0365] R ２２’ are preferably each independently a hydrolyzable group.

[0366] R ２２’ are preferably each independently -OR ｈ , -OCOR ｈ , —O—N═CR ｈ ２ , -NR ｈ ２ , -NHR ｈ or —NCO (wherein R ｈ is a substituted or unsubstituted C １－４ alkyl group), and more preferably -OR ｈ (i.e., an alkoxy group). ｈ Examples of R include unsubstituted alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, and isobutyl; and substituted alkyl groups such as chloromethyl. Among these, alkyl groups, particularly unsubstituted alkyl groups, are preferred, and methyl or ethyl groups are more preferred. In one embodiment, R ｈ is a methyl group, and in another embodiment, R ｈ is an ethyl group.

[0367] R ２３’ are each independently a monovalent organic group. Such monovalent organic groups are monovalent organic groups excluding the above-mentioned hydrolyzable groups.

[0368] R ２３’ In the formula (I), the monovalent organic group is preferably C １－２０ alkyl group, more preferably C １－６ It is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0369] Each p1' is independently an integer of 0 to 3, each q1' is independently an integer of 0 to 3, and each r1' is independently an integer of 0 to 3. The sum of p', q1', and r1' is (SiR ２１’ ｐ１’ R ２２’ ｑ１’ R ２３’ ｒ１’ ) units, it is 3.

[0370] In one embodiment, p1′ is 0.

[0371] In one embodiment, p1′ is (SiR ２１’ ｐ１’ R ２２’ ｑ１’ R ２３’ ｒ１’ ) units may each independently be an integer from 1 to 3, an integer from 2 to 3, or 3. In a preferred embodiment, p1′ is 3.

[0372] In one embodiment, q1′ is (SiR ２１’ ｐ１’ R ２２’ ｑ１’ R ２３’ ｒ１’ ) units are each independently an integer of 1 to 3, preferably an integer of 2 or 3, and more preferably 3.

[0373] In one embodiment, p1′ is 0 and q1′ is (SiR ２１’ ｐ１’ R ２２’ ｑ１’ R ２３’ ｒ１’ ) units are each independently an integer of 1 to 3, preferably an integer of 2 to 3, and more preferably 3.

[0374] R ２２ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group.

[0375] R ２２ are preferably each independently a hydrolyzable group.

[0376] R ２２ are preferably each independently -OR ｈ , -OCOR ｈ , —O—N═CR ｈ ２ , -NR ｈ ２ , -NHR ｈ or —NCO (wherein R ｈ is a substituted or unsubstituted C １－４ alkyl group), and more preferably -OR ｈ (i.e., an alkoxy group). ｈ Examples of R include unsubstituted alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, and isobutyl; and substituted alkyl groups such as chloromethyl. Among these, alkyl groups, particularly unsubstituted alkyl groups, are preferred, and methyl or ethyl groups are more preferred. In one embodiment, R ｈ is a methyl group, and in another embodiment, R ｈ is an ethyl group.

[0377] The above R ２３ are each independently a monovalent organic group. Such monovalent organic groups are monovalent organic groups excluding the above-mentioned hydrolyzable groups.

[0378] R ２３ In the formula (I), the monovalent organic group is preferably C １－２０ alkyl group, more preferably C １－６ It is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0379] Each of the above p1's is independently an integer of 0 to 3, each of the q1's is independently an integer of 0 to 3, and each of the r1's is independently an integer of 0 to 3. The sum of p1, q1, and r1 is (SiR ２１ ｐ１ R ２２ ｑ１ R ２３ ｒ１ ) units, it is 3.

[0380] In one embodiment, p1 is 0.

[0381] In one embodiment, p1 is (SiR ２１ ｐ１ R ２２ ｑ１ R ２３ ｒ１ ) units may each independently be an integer from 1 to 3, an integer from 2 to 3, or 3. In a preferred embodiment, p1 is 3.

[0382] In one embodiment, q1 is (SiR ２１ ｐ１ R ２２ ｑ１ R ２３ ｒ１ ) units are each independently an integer of 1 to 3, preferably an integer of 2 or 3, and more preferably 3.

[0383] In one embodiment, p1 is 0 and q1 is (SiR ２１ ｐ１ R ２２ ｑ１ R ２３ ｒ１ ) units are each independently an integer of 1 to 3, preferably an integer of 2 to 3, and more preferably 3.

[0384] In the formula, R ｂ１ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group.

[0385] R ｂ１ are preferably each independently a hydrolyzable group.

[0386] R ｂ１ are preferably each independently -OR ｈ , -OCOR ｈ , —O—N═CR ｈ ２ , -NR ｈ ２ , -NHR ｈ or —NCO (wherein R ｈ is a substituted or unsubstituted C １－４ alkyl group), and more preferably -OR ｈ (i.e., an alkoxy group). ｈExamples of R include unsubstituted alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, and isobutyl; and substituted alkyl groups such as chloromethyl. Among these, alkyl groups, particularly unsubstituted alkyl groups, are preferred, and methyl or ethyl groups are more preferred. In one embodiment, R ｈ is a methyl group, and in another embodiment, R ｈ is an ethyl group.

[0387] In the formula, R ｃ１ are each independently a monovalent organic group. Such monovalent organic groups are monovalent organic groups excluding the above-mentioned hydrolyzable groups.

[0388] R ｃ１ In the formula (I), the monovalent organic group is preferably C １－２０ alkyl group, more preferably C １－６ It is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0389] Each k1 is independently an integer of 0 to 3, each l1 is independently an integer of 0 to 3, and each m1 is independently an integer of 0 to 3. The sum of k1, l1, and m1 is (SiR ａ１ ｋ１ R ｂ１ ｌ１ R ｃ１ ｍ１ ) units, it is 3.

[0390] In one embodiment, k1 is (SiR ａ１ ｋ１ R ｂ１ ｌ１ R ｃ１ ｍ１ ) units are each independently an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3. In a preferred embodiment, k1 is 3.

[0391] In formula (S3), there are at least two Si atoms to which hydroxyl groups or hydrolyzable groups are bonded.

[0392] In a preferred embodiment, there are at least two Si atoms to which hydroxyl groups or hydrolyzable groups are bonded in the terminal portion of formula (S3).

[0393] In a preferred embodiment, the group represented by formula (S3) is -Z １ -SiR ２２ ｑ１ R ２３ ｒ１ (wherein q1 is an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3, and r1 is an integer of 0 to 2), -Z １’ -SiR ２２’ ｑ１’ R ２３’ ｒ１’ (wherein q1' is an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3, and r1' is an integer of 0 to 2), or -Z １” -SiR ２２” ｑ１” R ２３” ｒ１” (wherein q1″ is an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3, and r1″ is an integer of 0 to 2). Z １ , Z １’ , Z １” , R ２２ , R ２３ , R ２２’ , R ２３’ , R ２２” , and R ２３” has the same meaning as above.

[0394] In a preferred embodiment, in formula (S3), R ２１’ When present, at least one, preferably all, R ２１’ In the formula, q1″ is an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, and more preferably 3.

[0395] In a preferred embodiment, in formula (S3), R ２１ When present, at least one, preferably all, R ２１ In the formula (I), p1' is 0, and q1' is an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, and more preferably 3.

[0396] In a preferred embodiment, in formula (S3), R ａ１ When present, at least one, preferably all, R ａ１In the formula (I), p1 is 0, and q1 is an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, and more preferably 3.

[0397] In a preferred embodiment, in formula (S3), k1 is 2 or 3, preferably 3; p1 is 0; and q1 is 2 or 3, preferably 3.

[0398] R ｄ１ are each independently -Z ２ -CR ３１ ｐ２ R ３２ ｑ２ R ３３ ｒ２ is.

[0399] Z ２ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group. ２ The structure written as follows is (CR ３１ ｐ２ R ３２ ｑ２ R ３３ ｒ２ )

[0400] In a preferred embodiment, Z ２ is a divalent organic group.

[0401] In a preferred embodiment, Z ２ does not contain siloxane bonds.

[0402] Z ２ is preferably C １－３０ Alkylene group, -(CH ２ ) ｚ５ -O-(CH ２ ) ｚ６ - (wherein z5 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z6 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6), or - (CH ２ ) ｚ７ -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ８ - (wherein z7 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z8 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6). １－３０ The alkylene group is more preferably C １－２０Alkylene group, more preferably C １－１５ The alkylene group may be a straight chain or a branched chain, but is preferably a straight chain. These groups include, for example, C １－６ Alkyl group, C ２－６ Alkenyl groups, and C ２－６ It may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from alkynyl groups, but is preferably unsubstituted.

[0403] In a preferred embodiment, Z ２ is C １－２０ Alkylene group or -(CH ２ ) ｚ７ -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ８ -, preferably -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ８ - is. Z ２ is such a group, the light resistance, particularly the ultraviolet resistance, can be improved.

[0404] In another preferred embodiment, the Z ２ is C １－２０ In one embodiment, Z is an alkylene group. ２ is -CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ In another embodiment, Z ２ is -CH ２ CH ２ In another embodiment, Z ２ is -CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ -It can be.

[0405] R ３１ are each independently -Z ２’ -CR ３２’ ｑ２’ R ３３’ ｒ２’ is.

[0406] Z ２’ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group. ２’ The structure written as follows is (CR ３２’ ｑ２’ R ３３’ ｒ２’ )

[0407] In a preferred embodiment, Z ２’ does not contain siloxane bonds.

[0408] Z ２’ is preferably C １－３０ Alkylene group, -(CH ２ ) ｚ５’ -O-(CH ２ ) ｚ６’ - (wherein z5' is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z6' is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6), or - (CH ２ ) ｚ７’ -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ８’ - (wherein z7' is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z8' is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6). １－３０ The alkylene group is more preferably C １－２０ Alkylene group, more preferably C １－１５ The alkylene group may be a straight chain or a branched chain, but is preferably a straight chain. These groups include, for example, C １－６ Alkyl group, C ２－６ Alkenyl groups, and C ２－６ It may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from alkynyl groups, but is preferably unsubstituted.

[0409] In a preferred embodiment, Z ２’ is C １－２０ Alkylene group or -(CH ２ ) ｚ７’ -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ８’ -, preferably -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ８’ - is. Z ２’is such a group, the light resistance, particularly the ultraviolet resistance, can be improved.

[0410] In another preferred embodiment, the Z ２’ is C １－２０ In one embodiment, Z is an alkylene group. ２ is -CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ In another embodiment, Z ２ is -CH ２ CH ２ In another embodiment, Z ２ is -CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ -It can be.

[0411] R ３２’ are each independently -Z ３ -SiR ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ is.

[0412] Z ３ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group. ３ The structure written as ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ )

[0413] In one embodiment, Z ３ is an oxygen atom.

[0414] In one embodiment, Z ３ is a divalent organic group.

[0415] In a preferred embodiment, Z ３ does not contain siloxane bonds.

[0416] Z ３ is preferably C１－３０ Alkylene group, -(CH ２ ) ｚ５” -O-(CH ２ ) ｚ６” - (wherein z5" is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z6" is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6), or - (CH ２ ) ｚ７” -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ８” - (wherein z7" is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z8" is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6). １－３０ The alkylene group is more preferably C １－２０ Alkylene group, more preferably C １－１５ The alkylene group may be a straight chain or a branched chain, but is preferably a straight chain. These groups include, for example, C １－６ Alkyl group, C ２－６ Alkenyl groups, and C ２－６ It may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from alkynyl groups, but is preferably unsubstituted.

[0417] In a preferred embodiment, Z ３ is C １－２０ Alkylene group or -(CH ２ ) ｚ７” -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ８” -, preferably -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ８” - is. Z ３ is such a group, the light resistance, particularly the ultraviolet resistance, can be improved.

[0418] In another preferred embodiment, the Z ３ is C １－２０ In one embodiment where Z is an alkylene group, ３ is -CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ In another embodiment, Z ３ is -CH ２ CH ２ In another embodiment, Z ３ is -CH２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ -It can be.

[0419] R ３４ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group.

[0420] R ３４ are preferably each independently a hydrolyzable group.

[0421] R ３４ are preferably each independently -OR ｈ , -OCOR ｈ , —O—N═CR ｈ ２ , -NR ｈ ２ , -NHR ｈ , —NCO, or halogen (wherein R ｈ is a substituted or unsubstituted C １－４ alkyl group), and more preferably -OR ｈ (i.e., an alkoxy group). ｈ Examples of R include unsubstituted alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, and isobutyl; and substituted alkyl groups such as chloromethyl. Among these, alkyl groups, particularly unsubstituted alkyl groups, are preferred, and methyl or ethyl groups are more preferred. In one embodiment, R ｈ is a methyl group, and in another embodiment, R ｈ is an ethyl group.

[0422] R ３５ are each independently a monovalent organic group. Such monovalent organic groups are monovalent organic groups excluding the above-mentioned hydrolyzable groups.

[0423] R ３５ In the formula (I), the monovalent organic group is preferably C １－２０ alkyl group, more preferably C １－６It is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0424] n2 is (SiR ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ ) units are each independently an integer of 0 to 3. However, in the terminal portion of formula (S3), n2 is 1 to 3 (SiR ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ In other words, there are at least two Si atoms to which hydroxyl groups or hydrolyzable groups are bonded in the terminal portion of formula (S3).

[0425] n2 is (SiR ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ ) units are each independently an integer of preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 2 to 3, and even more preferably 3.

[0426] R ３３’ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group. Such monovalent organic groups are monovalent organic groups excluding the above-mentioned hydrolyzable groups.

[0427] R ３３’ In the formula (I), the monovalent organic group is preferably C １－２０ Alkyl group or H-(C ｓ H ２ｓ ) ｔ１ -(O-C ｓ H ２ｓ ) ｔ２ H (wherein s is an integer of 1 to 6, preferably an integer of 2 to 4; t1 is 1 or 0, preferably 0; t2 is an integer of 1 to 20, preferably an integer of 2 to 10, more preferably an integer of 2 to 6), and more preferably C １－２０ alkyl group, more preferably C １－６ An alkyl group, particularly preferably a methyl group.

[0428] In one embodiment, R ３３’ is a hydroxyl group.

[0429] In another embodiment, R ３３’ is a monovalent organic group, preferably C１－２０ alkyl group, more preferably C １－６ It is an alkyl group.

[0430] Each of the q2's is independently an integer of 0 to 3, and each of the r2's is independently an integer of 0 to 3. The sum of q2' and r2' is (CR ３２’ ｑ２’ R ３３’ ｒ２’ ) units, it is 3.

[0431] q2' is (CR ３２’ ｑ２’ R ３３’ ｒ２’ ) units are each independently an integer of preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 2 to 3, and even more preferably 3.

[0432] R ３２ are each independently -Z ３ -SiR ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ This is -Z ３ -SiR ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ is the above R ３２’ This has the same meaning as the description in

[0433] R ３３ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group. Such monovalent organic groups are monovalent organic groups excluding the above-mentioned hydrolyzable groups.

[0434] R ３３ In the formula (I), the monovalent organic group is preferably C １－２０ Alkyl group or H-(C ｓ H ２ｓ ) ｔ１ -(O-C ｓ H ２ｓ ) ｔ２ H (wherein s is an integer of 1 to 6, preferably an integer of 2 to 4; t1 is 1 or 0, preferably 0; t2 is an integer of 1 to 20, preferably an integer of 2 to 10, more preferably an integer of 2 to 6), and more preferably C １－２０ alkyl group, more preferably C１－６ An alkyl group, particularly preferably a methyl group.

[0435] In one embodiment, R ３３ is a hydroxyl group.

[0436] In another embodiment, R ３３ is a monovalent organic group, preferably C １－２０ alkyl group, more preferably C １－６ It is an alkyl group.

[0437] Each p2 is independently an integer of 0 to 3, each q2 is independently an integer of 0 to 3, and each r2 is independently an integer of 0 to 3. The sum of p2, q2, and r2 is (CR ３１ ｐ２ R ３２ ｑ２ R ３３ ｒ２ ) units, it is 3.

[0438] In one embodiment, p2 is 0.

[0439] In one embodiment, p2 is (CR ３１ ｐ２ R ３２ ｑ２ R ３３ ｒ２ ) units may each independently be an integer from 1 to 3, an integer from 2 to 3, or 3. In a preferred embodiment, p2 is 3.

[0440] In one embodiment, q2 is (CR ３１ ｐ２ R ３２ ｑ２ R ３３ ｒ２ ) units are each independently an integer of 1 to 3, preferably an integer of 2 or 3, and more preferably 3.

[0441] In one embodiment, p2 is 0 and q2 is (CR ３１ ｐ２ R ３２ ｑ２ R ３３ ｒ２ ) units are each independently an integer of 1 to 3, preferably an integer of 2 to 3, and more preferably 3.

[0442] R ｅ１ are each independently -Z ３ -SiR ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ This is -Z ３ -SiR ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ is the above R ３２’ This has the same meaning as the description in

[0443] R ｆ１ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group. Such monovalent organic groups are monovalent organic groups excluding the above-mentioned hydrolyzable groups.

[0444] R ｆ１ In the formula (I), the monovalent organic group is preferably C １－２０ Alkyl group or H-(C ｓ H ２ｓ ) ｔ１ -(O-C ｓ H ２ｓ ) ｔ２ H (wherein s is an integer of 1 to 6, preferably an integer of 2 to 4; t1 is 1 or 0, preferably 0; t2 is an integer of 1 to 20, preferably an integer of 2 to 10, more preferably an integer of 2 to 6), and more preferably C １－２０ alkyl group, more preferably C １－６ An alkyl group, particularly preferably a methyl group.

[0445] In one embodiment, R ｆ１ is a hydroxyl group.

[0446] In another embodiment, R ｆ１ is a monovalent organic group, preferably C １－２０ alkyl group, more preferably C １－６ It is an alkyl group.

[0447] Each k2 is independently an integer of 0 to 3, each l2 is independently an integer of 0 to 3, and each m2 is independently an integer of 0 to 3. The sum of k2, l2, and m2 is (CR ｄ１ ｋ２ Rｅ１ ｌ２ R ｆ１ ｍ２ ) units, it is 3.

[0448] In one embodiment, n2 is 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3 (SiR ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ ) units are present at each terminal portion of formula (S4) in an amount of 2 or more, for example, 2 to 27, preferably 2 to 9, more preferably 2 to 6, even more preferably 2 to 3, and particularly preferably 3.

[0449] In a preferred embodiment, in formula (S4), R ３２’ When present, at least one, preferably all, R ３２’ In the formula, n2 is an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, and more preferably 3.

[0450] In a preferred embodiment, in formula (S4), R ３２ When present, at least one, preferably all, R ３２ In the formula, n2 is an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, and more preferably 3.

[0451] In a preferred embodiment, in formula (S4), R ｅ１ When present, at least one, preferably all, R ａ１ In the formula, n2 is an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, and more preferably 3.

[0452] In a preferred embodiment, in formula (S4), k2 is 0, l2 is 2 or 3, preferably 3, and n2 is 2 or 3, preferably 3.

[0453] R ｇ１ and R ｈ１ are each independently -Z ４ -SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ , -Z ４ -SiR ａ１ ｋ１ R ｂ１ｌ１ R ｃ１ ｍ１ , -Z ４ -CR ｄ１ ｋ２ R ｅ１ ｌ２ R ｆ１ ｍ２ Here, R １１ , R １２ , R ａ１ , R ｂ２ , R ｃ１ , R ｄ１ , R ｅ１ , R ｆ１ , n1, k1, l1, m1, k2, l2, and m2 have the same meanings as above.

[0454] In a preferred embodiment, R ｇ１ and R ｈ１ are each independently -Z ４ -SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ is.

[0455] Above Z ４ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group. ４ The structure written as １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ )

[0456] In one embodiment, Z ４ is an oxygen atom.

[0457] In one embodiment, Z ４ is a divalent organic group.

[0458] In a preferred embodiment, Z ４ does not contain siloxane bonds.

[0459] Z ４ is preferably C １－３０ Alkylene group, -(CH ２ ) ｚ５” -O-(CH ２ ) ｚ６”- (wherein z5" is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z6" is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6), or - (CH ２ ) ｚ７” -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ８” - (wherein z7" is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z8" is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6). １－３０ The alkylene group is more preferably C １－２０ Alkylene group, more preferably C １－１５ The alkylene group may be a straight chain or a branched chain, but is preferably a straight chain. These groups include, for example, C １－６ Alkyl group, C ２－６ Alkenyl groups, and C ２－６ It may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from alkynyl groups, but is preferably unsubstituted.

[0460] In a preferred embodiment, Z ４ is C １－２０ Alkylene group or -(CH ２ ) ｚ７” -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ８” -, preferably -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ８” - is. Z ３ is such a group, the light resistance, particularly the ultraviolet resistance, can be improved.

[0461] In another preferred embodiment, the Z ４ is C １－２０ In one embodiment, Z is an alkylene group. ４ is -CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ In another embodiment, Z ４ is -CH ２ CH ２ In another embodiment, Z ４ is -CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ -It can be.

[0462] In one embodiment, formulas (S1), (S2), (S3), and (S4) do not contain siloxane bonds.

[0463] In one embodiment, R Ｓｉ is a group represented by formula (S2), (S3), (S4), or (S5).

[0464] In one embodiment, R Ｓｉ is a group represented by formula (S2), (S3), or (S4).

[0465] In one embodiment, R Ｓｉ is a group represented by formula (S3), (S4) or (S5).

[0466] In one embodiment, R Ｓｉ is a group represented by formula (S3) or (S4).

[0467] In one embodiment, R Ｓｉ is a group represented by formula (S4) or (S5).

[0468] In one embodiment, R Ｓｉ is a group represented by formula (S1): In a preferred embodiment, n1 is 1 to 3, preferably 2 to 3, and more preferably 3.

[0469] In one embodiment, R Ｓｉ is a group represented by formula (S2): In a preferred embodiment, n1 is 1 to 3, preferably 2 to 3, and more preferably 3.

[0470] In a preferred embodiment, formula (S2) is the following formula: In the following formula, * represents X １ Represents the point of attachment to

[0471] In one embodiment, R Ｓｉ is a group represented by formula (S3). In a preferred embodiment, formula (S3) is -SiR ａ１ ２ R ｃ１ , or -SiRａ１ ３ and R ａ１ Is, -Z １ -SiR ２２ ｑ１ R ２３ ｒ１ and Z １ is C １－１５ Alkylene group, -(CH ２ ) ｚ１ -O-(CH ２ ) ｚ２ - (wherein z1 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z2 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6), or -(CH ２ ) ｚ３ -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ４ - (wherein z3 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z4 is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6), preferably C １－１５ It is an alkylene group, and q1 is 1 to 3, preferably 2 to 3, and more preferably 3.

[0472] In a preferred embodiment, formula (S3) is the following formula: In the following formula, * represents X １ Represents the point of attachment to

[0473] In one embodiment, R Ｓｉ is a group represented by formula (S4). In a preferred embodiment, formula (S4) is -CR ｅ１ ２ R ｆ１ , or -CR ｅ１ ３ and R ｅ１ Is, -Z ３ -SiR ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ and Z ３ is C １－１５ Alkylene group, -(CH ２ ) ｚ５” -O-(CH ２ ) ｚ６” - (wherein z5" is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z6" is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6), or - (CH ２ ) ｚ７”-phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ８” - (wherein z7" is an integer of 0 to 6, for example an integer of 1 to 6, and z8" is an integer of 0 to 6, for example an integer of 1 to 6), preferably C １－１５ It is an alkylene group, and n2 is 1 to 3, preferably 2 to 3, and more preferably 3.

[0474] In a preferred embodiment, formula (S4) is the following formula: In the following formula, * represents X １ Represents the point of attachment to

[0475] In one embodiment, R Ｓｉ is a group represented by formula (S5). ｇ１ and R ｈ１ Is, -Z ４ -SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ and Z ４ is C １－１５ Alkylene group, -(CH ２ ) ｚ５” -O-(CH ２ ) ｚ６” - (wherein z5" is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z6" is an integer of 0 to 6, for example, an integer of 1 to 6), or - (CH ２ ) ｚ７” -phenylene-(CH ２ ) ｚ８” - (wherein z7" is an integer of 0 to 6, for example an integer of 1 to 6, and z8" is an integer of 0 to 6, for example an integer of 1 to 6), preferably C １－１５ It is an alkylene group, and n1 is 1 to 3, preferably 2 to 3, and more preferably 3.

[0476] In one embodiment, the silane compound is represented by the formula (1): Ａ１ is represented by the following formula (A4′) or (A5′): １１ａ - (A4') R １３ａ -(SiR １４ａ ２ O) ｎ -SiR １４ａ ２- (A5') [In formula (A4'), R １１ａ is the following A group: [In the formula: R ５１ are each independently R ５３ - (R ６１ -SiR ５３ ２ ) ｍａ -, and R ６１ are each independently an oxygen atom or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ５３ are each independently a hydrocarbon group or R ５１’ and R ５１’ is R ５１ Each ma is independently an integer of 1 to 5, provided that R ５１ Medium, R ５１’ The number of is 20 or less, and R ５２ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, na is an integer of 1 to 3, and z is 0 or 1; １３ａ is C １－１２ represents an alkyl group, R １４ａ are each independently C １－１２ represents an alkyl group, and n is an integer of 1 to 1500; Ａ is represented by the following formula: -(X １２１ ) ａ０ -X １１０ - [(X １１１ ) ａ１ -(X １１２’ ) ａ２ ] - [In the formula: X １２１ is R １６１ ｂ１ R ６２ ３－ｂ１ C-, R １６３ ｂ２ R １６４ ３－ｂ２ Si- or R １６５ N- and R １６１ are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group, １６２ is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R １６３are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group, １６４ is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R １６５ are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group, b1 is 2 or 3, b2 is 2 or 3, and X １１０ is a single bond or an alkylene group having one or more carbon atoms, １１１ is a single bond or a divalent organic group, １１２’ is -CO-, -NR ４１ --, --CONR ４１ - or -NR ４１ CO-, and R ４１ represents a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C １－６ a0 is an alkyl group, a1 is an integer of 1 to 5, a2 is an integer of 0 to 5, and the order of the repeating units enclosed in parentheses with a1 or a2 is arbitrary in the formula. Ｓｉ is represented by the formula (S2): -SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ (S2) [In formula (S2), R １１ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R １２ are each independently a monovalent organic group, and n1 is (SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ ) units are each independently an integer of 0 to 3.

[0477] In a preferred embodiment, the silane compound is represented by the formula (1): Ａ１ α -X Ａ -R Ｓｉ β (1) In R Ａ１ is a group represented by formula (A4), and X Ａ is represented by the following formula: １２１ ) ａ０ -X １１０ - [(X１１１ ) ａ１ -(X １１２’ ) ａ２ ] -, and R Ｓｉ is a group represented by formula (S2), and may include compounds in which α and β are 1.

[0478] In a more preferred embodiment, the silane compound is represented by the formula (1): Ａ１ α -X Ａ -R Ｓｉ β In (1), R Ａ１ is represented by formula (A4): R １１ａ - (R Ｓ ) γ１ -(SiR １２ａ ２ ) γ２ - (R Ａｒ ) γ３ - (A4) is a group represented by R １１ａ is group A (R ５１ ｎａ R ５２ ３－ｎａ Si—(O) ｚ -), γ1, γ2 and γ3 are 0, X Ａ is of the following formula: １１０ -X １１２’ -X １１１ - is a group represented by X １１０ is C １０－３０ is an alkylene group, and X １１１ is C ２－６ is an alkylene group, and X １１２ Ga-CONR ４１ - and R ４１ is a hydrogen atom, a0 is 0, a1 and a2 are 1, R Ｓｉ is represented by the formula (S2): -SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ is a group represented by R １１ Ga-OR ｈ and R ｈ is a methyl group or an ethyl group, n1 is 3, and α and β are 1.

[0479] In another preferred embodiment, the silane compound is represented by the formula (1): Ａ１ α -X Ａ -R Ｓｉ β (1) In R Ａ１ is a group represented by formula (A5), and X Ａ is represented by the following formula: １２１ ) ａ０ -X １１０ - [(X １１１ ) ａ１ -(X １１２’ ) ａ２ ] -, and R Ｓｉ is a group represented by formula (S2), and may include compounds in which α and β are 1.

[0480] In a more preferred embodiment, the silane compound is represented by the formula (1): Ａ１ α -X Ａ -R Ｓｉ β In (1), R Ａ１ is represented by formula (A5): R １３ａ -(SiR １４ａ ２ O) ｎ -SiR １４ａ ２ - (A5) is a group represented by R １３ａ is C １－１２ is an alkyl group, and R １４ａ is C １－１２ is an alkyl group, n is 10 to 300, Ａ is of the following formula: １１０ -X １１２ -X １１１ - is a group represented by X １１０ is C １０－３０ is an alkylene group, and X １１１ is C ２－６ is an alkylene group, and X １１２’ Ga-CONR ４１ - and R ４１ is a hydrogen atom, a0 is 0, a1 and a2 are 1, R Ｓｉ is represented by the formula (S2): -SiR １１ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ is a group represented by R １１ Ga-OR ｈ and R ｈ is a methyl group or an ethyl group, n1 is 3, and α and β are 1.

[0481] In another preferred embodiment, the silane compound is represented by the formula (1): Ａ１ α -X Ａ -R Ｓｉ β (1) In R Ａ１ is a group represented by formula (A5), and X Ａ is represented by the following formula: １２１ ) ａ０ -X １１０ - [(X １１１ ) ａ１ -(X １１２ ) ａ２ ] -, and R Ｓｉ is a group represented by formula (S2), and may include compounds in which α is 1 and β is 3.

[0482] In a more preferred embodiment, the silane compound is represented by the formula (1): Ａ１ α -X Ａ -R Ｓｉ β In (1), R １３ａ -(SiR １４ａ ２ O) ｎ -SiR １４ａ ２ - (A5) is a group represented by R １３ａ is C １－１２ is an alkyl group, and R １４ａ is C １－１２ is an alkyl group, n is 10 to 300, Ａ is of the following formula: １１０ -X １１２ -X １１１ -X １２１ - is a group represented by X １１０ is C １０－３０ an alkylene group, and X111 is C１－６ is an alkylene group, and X １１２ Ga-CONR ４１ - and R ４１ is a hydrogen atom, and X １２１ is R １６１ ｂ１ R １６２ ３－ｂ１ C- and R １６１ is C １－６ an alkylene group, b1 is 3, a0 is 0, a1 and a2 are 1, R Ｓｉ is represented by the formula (S2): -SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ is a group represented by R １１ Ga-OR ｈ and R ｈ is a methyl group or an ethyl group, n1 is 3, α is 1, and β is 3.

[0483] The water- and oil-repellent layer (C) can be typically formed using a surface treatment agent containing the silane compound.

[0484] In one embodiment, the surface treatment agent may be the silane compound itself.

[0485] In one embodiment, the content of the silane compound may be preferably 0.1 to 50.0 mass%, more preferably 1.0 to 30.0 mass%, even more preferably 5.0 to 25.0 mass%, and particularly preferably 10.0 to 20.0 mass%, based on the total mass of the surface treatment agent.

[0486] In another embodiment, the content of the silane compound may be preferably 0.001 to 30 mass%, more preferably 0.01 to 10 mass%, even more preferably 0.05 to 5 mass%, and particularly preferably 0.05 to 2 mass%, based on the total mass of the surface treatment agent.

[0487] In one embodiment, the surface treatment agent may contain at least one of the composition and a compound formed by condensation of at least a portion of the silane compound contained in the composition. In other words, the surface treatment agent may contain the silane compound and a condensate formed by condensation of at least a portion of the silane compound.

[0488] In the above aspect, the content of the condensate may be preferably 40% by mass or less, more preferably 30% by mass or less, based on the total of the silane compound and the condensate of the silane compound. Here, the content of the condensate can be determined, for example, from the abundance ratio of peak positions and areas in GPC (gel permeation chromatography).

[0489] The surface treatment agent may further include a solvent, a (non-reactive) silicone compound that can be understood as silicone oil (hereinafter referred to as "silicone oil"), an amine compound, an alcohol, a catalyst, a surfactant, a polymerization inhibitor, a sensitizer, etc.

[0490] In one embodiment, the surface treatment agent is R ９０ Further included are compounds represented by —OH. ９０ is a monovalent organic group, preferably C １－２０ Alkyl group or C ３－２０ The alkylene group may be substituted with one or more substituents. Examples of the substituents include a hydroxyl group, -OR ９１ (where R ９１ is C １－１０ Alkyl group, preferably C １－３ alkyl groups, such as methyl groups.

[0491] In one embodiment, the surface treatment agent is R ８１ OR ８２ , R ８３ ｎ８ C ６ H ６－ｎ８ , R ８４ R ８５ R ８６ Si—(O—SiR ８７ R ８８ ) ｍ８ -R ８９ , and (OSiR ８７ R ８８ ) ｍ９ [In the formula R ８１ ~R ８９are each independently a monovalent organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, m8 is an integer of 1 to 6, m9 is an integer of 3 to 8, and n8 is an integer of 0 to 6.

[0492] The monovalent organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms may be linear or branched, and may further contain a cyclic structure.

[0493] In one embodiment, the monovalent organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms may contain an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, or a halogen atom.

[0494] In another embodiment, the monovalent organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms does not contain a halogen atom.

[0495] In a preferred embodiment, the monovalent organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is a hydrocarbon group which may be substituted with a halogen, preferably a hydrocarbon group which is not substituted with a halogen.

[0496] In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon group is linear.

[0497] In another embodiment, the hydrocarbon group is branched.

[0498] In another embodiment, the hydrocarbon group comprises a cyclic structure.

[0499] In one embodiment, the solvent is R ８１ OR ８２ is.

[0500] R ８１ and R ８２ are each independently preferably C １－８ Hydrocarbon groups, more preferably C １－６ or an alkyl group of C ５－８ It can be a cycloalkyl group of the formula:

[0501] In one embodiment, the solvent is R ８３ ｎ８ C ６ H ６－ｎ８ is.

[0502] C ６ H ６－ｎ８is an n-octavalent benzene ring. That is, R ８３ ｎ８ C ６ H ６－ｎ８ is n8 R ８３ is benzene substituted with

[0503] R ８３ are each independently a halogen or a C optionally substituted by a halogen. １－６ The alkyl group may be:

[0504] n8 is preferably an integer of 1 to 3.

[0505] In one embodiment, the solvent is R ８４ R ８５ R ８６ Si—(O—SiR ８７ R ８８ ) ｍ８ -R ８９ is.

[0506] In one embodiment, the solvent is (OSiR ８７ R ８８ ) ｍ９ (OSiR ８７ R ８８ ) ｍ９ is a set of multiple OSiRs ８７ R ８８ It is a cyclic siloxane formed by bonding units in a ring.

[0507] R ８４ ~R ８９ are each independently a hydrogen atom or C １－６ alkyl group, preferably C １－６ alkyl groups of the formula C １－３ The alkyl group is preferably a methyl group.

[0508] m8 is preferably an integer of 1 to 6, more preferably an integer of 1 to 5, and even more preferably 1 or 2.

[0509] m9 is preferably an integer of 3 to 6, more preferably an integer of 3 to 5.

[0510] In one embodiment, the solvent may be, for example, an aliphatic hydrocarbon such as hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane, dodecane, or mineral spirit; an aromatic hydrocarbon such as benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, or solvent naphtha; or an alkyl ester such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, cellosolve acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, carbitol acetate, diethyl oxalate, ethyl pyruvate, or ethyl-2-hydroxybutyl acetate. esters such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, 2-hexanone, cyclohexanone, methyl amino ketone, 2-heptanone; ethyl cellosolve, methyl cellosolve, methyl cellosolve acetate, ethyl cellosolve acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether ... glycol ethers such as glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, and ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, sec-butanol, 3-pentanol, octyl alcohol, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, and tert-amyl alcohol; glycols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol; cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, and dioxane; amides such as N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, and N-methylpyrrolidone; ether alcohols such as methyl cellosolve, cellosolve, isopropyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, and diethylene glycol monomethyl ether; diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate;Polyfluoroaromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., 1,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene); polyfluoroaliphatic hydrocarbons (e.g., C; ６ F １３ CH ２ CH ３ (For example, Asahiklin (registered trademark) AC-6000 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), C ６ F １３ H (for example, Asahiklin (registered trademark) AC-2000 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), 1,1,2,2,3,3,4-heptafluorocyclopentane (for example, Zeorora (registered trademark) H manufactured by Zeon Corporation); fluorine-containing hydrocarbons such as 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1-dichloro-1,2,2,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HCFC225), and 1,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene; CF ３ CH ２ OH, CF ３ CF ２ CH ２ OH, (CF ３ ) ２ fluorine-containing alcohols such as CHOH; hydrofluoroethers (HFEs) (for example, perfluoropropyl methyl ether (C ３ F ７ OCH ３ ) (e.g., Novec (trademark) 7000 manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited), perfluorobutyl methyl ether (C ４ F ９ OCH ３ ) (e.g., Novec (trademark) 7100 manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited), perfluorobutyl ethyl ether (C ４ F ９ O.C. ２ H ５ ) (e.g., Novec (trademark) 7200 manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited), perfluorohexyl methyl ether (C ２ F ５ CF (OCH ３ ) C ３ F ７) (e.g., Novec™ 7300 manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited) (the perfluoroalkyl group and the alkyl group may be linear or branched), or CF ３ CH ２ OCF ２ CHF ２ (e.g., Asahiklin (registered trademark) AE-3000 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), hydrofluoroolefins; CF ３ CH═CHCl (e.g., CELEFIN® 1233Z manufactured by Central Glass Co., Ltd.), CHF ２Examples of suitable solvents include ethers such as CF═CHCl (for example, AMOLEA (registered trademark) AS-300 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) and cyclopentyl methyl ether; siloxanes such as hexamethyldisiloxane, hexaethyldisiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, octamethylcyclopentasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, decamethyltetrasiloxane, dodecamethylpentasiloxane, and tetradecamethylhexasiloxane; and dimethyl sulfoxide. Alternatively, examples include mixed solvents of two or more of these. Among these, aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, esters, glycol ethers, alcohols, ether alcohols, and siloxanes are preferred. For example, hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane, dodecane, mineral spirits, benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, cellosolve acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, carbitol acetate, diethyl oxalate, ethyl pyruvate, ethyl 2-hydroxybutyrate, ethyl acetoacetate, amyl acetate, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, methyl 3-methoxypropionate, ethyl 3-methoxypropionate, methyl 2-hydroxyisobutyrate, 2- Preferred are ethyl hydroxyisobutyrate propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, sec-butanol, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, hexamethyldisiloxane, hexaethyldisiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, decamethyltetrasiloxane, dodecamethylpentasiloxane, tetradecamethylhexasiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, and octamethylcyclopentasiloxane.

[0511] The silicone oil is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include silicone oils represented by the following general formula (3a): １０１ａ -(SiR １０３ａ ２-O) ａ１ -SiR １０３ａ ２ -R １０１ａ ...(3a) [wherein: R １０１ａ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group, １０３ａ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group, and a1 is 2 to 3,000.

[0512] The above R １０３ａ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group. Such hydrocarbon groups may be substituted.

[0513] R １０３ａ are each independently preferably an unsubstituted hydrocarbon group or a hydrocarbon group substituted with a halogen atom.

[0514] R １０３ａ are each independently preferably C optionally substituted by a halogen atom. １－６ an alkyl group or an aryl group, more preferably C １－６ It is an alkyl group or an aryl group.

[0515] Above C １－６ The alkyl group may be a straight chain or a branched chain, but is preferably a straight chain. １－６ The alkyl group is preferably C １－３ It is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0516] The aryl group is preferably a phenyl group.

[0517] In one embodiment, R １０３ａ are each independently C １－６ Alkyl group, preferably C １－３ It is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0518] In another embodiment, R １０３ａ is a phenyl group.

[0519] In another embodiment, R １０３ａ is a methyl group or a phenyl group, preferably a methyl group.

[0520] The above R １０１ａ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group, and ３ａ It has the same meaning as:

[0521] R １０１ａ are each independently preferably C optionally substituted by a halogen atom. １－６ an alkyl group or an aryl group, more preferably C １－６ It is an alkyl group or an aryl group.

[0522] In one embodiment, R １０１ａ are each independently C １－６ Alkyl group, preferably C １－３ It is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0523] In another embodiment, R １０１ａ is a phenyl group.

[0524] In another embodiment, R １０１ａ is a methyl group or a phenyl group, preferably a methyl group.

[0525] The above a1 is 2 to 1500. a1 is preferably 5 or more, more preferably 10 or more, even more preferably 15 or more, for example, 30 or more, or 50 or more. a1 is preferably 1000 or less, more preferably 500 or less, even more preferably 200 or less, even more preferably 150 or less, for example, 100 or less, or 80 or less.

[0526] a1 may be preferably 5 to 1000, more preferably 10 to 500, even more preferably 15 to 200, and even more preferably 15 to 150.

[0527] Another silicone oil is the following (3b): １０１ａ -R ＳＯ２ -R １０３ａ ...(3b) [wherein: R １０１ａ are each independently a hydrocarbon group; R １０３ａ are each independently a hydrocarbon group; R ＳＯ２ is -R Ｓ -SiR ５ ２ - and RＳ and R ５ has the same meaning as above.]

[0528] The silicone oil may have an average molecular weight of 500 to 1,000,000, preferably 1,000 to 100,000. The molecular weight of the silicone oil can be measured using GPC.

[0529] Examples of the silicone oil include -(SiR ３ａ ２ -O) ａ１ Linear or cyclic silicone oils in which a1 is 30 or less can be used. The linear silicone oils may be so-called straight silicone oils or modified silicone oils. Examples of straight silicone oils include dimethyl silicone oil, methylphenyl silicone oil, and methylhydrogen silicone oil. Examples of modified silicone oils include straight silicone oils modified with alkyl, aralkyl, polyether, higher fatty acid ester, fluoroalkyl, amino, epoxy, carboxyl, alcohol, or the like. Examples of cyclic silicone oils include cyclic dimethylsiloxane oil.

[0530] The silicone oil may be contained in an amount of, for example, 0 to 50% by mass, preferably 0.001 to 30% by mass, and more preferably 0.1 to 5% by mass, relative to the surface treatment agent.

[0531] In the surface treatment agent, the silicone oil may be contained in an amount of, for example, 0 to 300 parts by mass, preferably 0 to 100 parts by mass, more preferably 0 to 50 parts by mass, and even more preferably 0 to 10 parts by mass, relative to a total of 100 parts by mass of the compounds contained in the composition of the present disclosure (the total of these when there are two or more types; the same applies hereinafter).

[0532] The silicone oil contributes to improving the surface slipperiness of the surface treatment layer.

[0533] Examples of the alcohols include methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, sec-butanol, 3-pentanol, octyl alcohol, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, and tert-amyl alcohol. Addition of these alcohols to the composition improves the stability of the composition.

[0534] Examples of the catalyst include acids (e.g., acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, etc.), bases (e.g., sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonia, triethylamine, diethylamine, etc.), transition metals (e.g., Ti, Ni, Sn, Zr, Al, B, Si, Ta, Nb, Mo, W, Cr, Hf, V, etc.), sulfur-containing compounds having an unshared electron pair in the molecular structure, or nitrogen-containing compounds (e.g., sulfoxide compounds, aliphatic amine compounds, aromatic amine compounds, phosphoric acid amide compounds, amide compounds, urea compounds), etc.

[0535] Examples of the aliphatic amine compounds include diethylamine, triethylamine, etc. Examples of the aromatic amine compounds include aniline, pyridine, etc.

[0536] In a preferred embodiment, the transition metal is contained as a transition metal compound represented by M-R (wherein M is a transition metal atom and R is a hydrolyzable group). By using a transition metal compound in which a transition metal is bonded to a hydrolyzable group, the transition metal atom can be contained more efficiently in the surface treatment layer, and the friction durability and chemical resistance of the surface treatment layer can be further improved.

[0537] The hydrolyzable group means a group that can undergo a hydrolysis reaction, similar to the hydrolyzable group in the above-mentioned compound, that is, a group that can be separated from a transition metal atom by a hydrolysis reaction. Examples of the hydrolyzable group include -OR ｍ , -OCOR ｍ , —O—N═CR ｍ ２ , -NR ｍ ２, -NHR ｍ , —NCO, halogen (wherein R ｍ is a substituted or unsubstituted C １－４ (representing an alkyl group) and the like.

[0538] In a preferred embodiment, the hydrolyzable group is —OR ｍ By using an alkoxy group as the hydrolyzable group, transition metal atoms can be more efficiently incorporated into the surface treatment layer, and the friction durability and chemical resistance of the surface treatment layer can be further improved.

[0539] In one embodiment, the hydrolyzable group may be the same as the hydrolyzable group contained in the compound described above. By using the same hydrolyzable group in the compound and the transition metal compound, even if the hydrolyzable groups are exchanged with each other, the effect can be reduced.

[0540] In another embodiment, the hydrolyzable group may be different from the hydrolyzable group contained in the compound. By making the hydrolyzable groups in the compound and the transition metal compound different, the hydrolysis reactivity can be controlled.

[0541] In one embodiment, the hydrolyzable group and the hydrolyzable group contained in the compound may be interchangeable in the composition.

[0542] In a preferred embodiment, the transition metal compound is Ta(OR ｍ ) ５ (In the formula, R ｍ is a substituted or unsubstituted C １－４ is an alkyl group.), and preferably Ta(OCH ２ CH ３ ) ５ , or Si(OR ｍ ) １－ｍ１ R ｍ’ ｍ１ (In the formula, R ｍ is a substituted or unsubstituted C １－４ is an alkyl group, and R ｍ’ is C １－４is an alkyl group, and m1 is 0 or 1.), and preferably tetraethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, tetraisopropoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, or dimethyldimethoxysilane.

[0543] The catalyst may be contained in an amount of, for example, 0.0002% by mass or more relative to the entire surface treatment agent (coating liquid). The catalyst is preferably contained in an amount of 0.02% by mass or more, and more preferably 0.04% by mass or more, relative to the entire surface treatment agent (coating liquid). The catalyst may be contained in an amount of, for example, 10% by mass or less, and particularly 1% by mass or less, relative to the entire surface treatment agent (coating liquid). By containing the catalyst at the above-mentioned concentration, the surface treatment agent can contribute to the formation of a surface treatment layer with better durability.

[0544] The content of the catalyst is preferably 0 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0 to 5% by mass, and particularly preferably 0 to 1% by mass, based on the compounds contained in the composition of the present disclosure.

[0545] The catalyst promotes the hydrolysis and dehydration condensation of the compounds contained in the composition of the present disclosure, and promotes the formation of the layer formed by the composition of the present disclosure.

[0546] In addition to the above, other components include, for example, tetraethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriacetoxysilane, and the like.

[0547] In addition to the above components, the surface treatment agent may contain trace amounts of impurities such as Pt, Rh, Ru, 1,3-divinyltetramethyldisiloxane, triphenylphosphine, NaCl, KCl, and silane condensates.

[0548] In one embodiment, the surface treatment agent is for dry coating, preferably vacuum deposition.

[0549] In one embodiment, the surface treatment agent is for a wet coating method, preferably for dip coating.

[0550] The surface treatment agent can be impregnated into a porous material, such as a porous ceramic material or a metal fiber, such as a flocculated steel wool, to form pellets, which can be used for vacuum deposition, for example.

[0551] The compounds of the present disclosure are preferably used as surface treatment agents or as components of surface treatment agents.

[0552] The silicon oxide layer (B) is formed on the surface of the substrate (A), and then a water- and oil-repellent layer (C) formed from the surface treatment agent is formed on the silicon oxide layer (B), and this layer is post-treated as necessary to form the water- and oil-repellent layer (C).

[0553] The water-repellent layer (C) can be formed by applying the surface treatment agent to the surface of the silicon oxide layer (B) so as to coat the surface. The coating method is not particularly limited. For example, a wet coating method or a dry coating method can be used.

[0554] Examples of wet coating methods include dip coating, spin coating, flow coating, spray coating, roll coating, gravure coating, wipe coating, squeegee coating, die coating, ink jet, casting, Langmuir-Blodgett coating, and similar methods.

[0555] Examples of dry coating methods include vapor deposition (usually vacuum deposition), sputtering, CVD, and similar methods. Specific examples of vapor deposition methods (usually vacuum deposition) include resistance heating, electron beam, high frequency heating using microwaves, etc., ion beam, and similar methods. Specific examples of CVD methods include plasma-CVD, optical CVD, thermal CVD, and similar methods.

[0556] Furthermore, coating by atmospheric pressure plasma method is also possible.

[0557] When using the wet coating method, the surface treatment agent of the present disclosure can be diluted with a solvent and then applied to the surface of a substrate. From the viewpoint of the stability of the composition of the present disclosure and the volatility of the solvent, the following solvents are preferably used: aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane, dodecane, mineral spirits, etc.; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, solvent naphtha, etc.; methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, cellosolve acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, carbohydrate acetate, etc. Esters such as ethanol, diethyl oxalate, ethyl pyruvate, ethyl 2-hydroxybutyrate, ethyl acetoacetate, amyl acetate, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, methyl 3-methoxypropionate, ethyl 3-methoxypropionate, methyl 2-hydroxyisobutyrate, and ethyl 2-hydroxyisobutyrate; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, 2-hexanone, cyclohexanone, methyl amino ketone, and 2-heptanone; ethyl cellosolve, methyl cellosol glycol ethers such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, and ethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, sec-butanol, 3-pentanol, octyl alcohol, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, and tert-amyl alcohol; glycols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol; cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, and dioxane; amides such as N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, and N-methylpyrrolidone;Ether alcohols such as methyl cellosolve, cellosolve, isopropyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, and diethylene glycol monomethyl ether; diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate; polyfluoroaromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., 1,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene); polyfluoroaliphatic hydrocarbons (e.g., C; ６ F １３ CH ２ CH ３ (For example, Asahiklin (registered trademark) AC-6000 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), C ６ F １３ H (for example, Asahiklin (registered trademark) AC-2000 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), 1,1,2,2,3,3,4-heptafluorocyclopentane (for example, Zeorora (registered trademark) H manufactured by Zeon Corporation); fluorine-containing hydrocarbons such as 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1-dichloro-1,2,2,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HCFC225), and 1,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene; CF ３ CH ２ OH, CF ３ CF ２ CH ２ OH, (CF ３ ) ２ fluorine-containing alcohols such as CHOH; hydrofluoroethers (HFEs) (for example, perfluoropropyl methyl ether (C ３ F ７ OCH ３ ) (e.g., Novec (trademark) 7000 manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited), perfluorobutyl methyl ether (C ４ F ９ OCH ３ ) (e.g., Novec (trademark) 7100 manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited), perfluorobutyl ethyl ether (C ４ F ９ O.C. ２ H ５ ) (e.g., Novec (trademark) 7200 manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited), perfluorohexyl methyl ether (C ２ F ５ CF (OCH３ ) C ３ F ７ ) (e.g., Novec™ 7300 manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited) (the perfluoroalkyl group and the alkyl group may be linear or branched), or CF ３ CH ２ OCF ２ CHF ２ (e.g., Asahiklin (registered trademark) AE-3000 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), hydrofluoroolefins; CF ３ CH═CHCl (e.g., CELEFIN® 1233Z manufactured by Central Glass Co., Ltd.), CHF ２Examples of suitable solvents include ethers such as CF═CHCl (for example, AMOLEA (registered trademark) AS-300 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) and cyclopentyl methyl ether; siloxanes such as hexamethyldisiloxane, hexaethyldisiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, octamethylcyclopentasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, decamethyltetrasiloxane, dodecamethylpentasiloxane, and tetradecamethylhexasiloxane; and dimethyl sulfoxide. Alternatively, mixed solvents of two or more of these solvents may be used. Among these, aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, esters, glycol ethers, alcohols, ether alcohols, and siloxanes are preferred. For example, hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane, dodecane, mineral spirits, benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, cellosolve acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, carbitol acetate, diethyl oxalate, ethyl pyruvate, ethyl 2-hydroxybutyrate, ethyl acetoacetate, amyl acetate, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, methyl 3-methoxypropionate, ethyl 3-methoxypropionate, methyl 2-hydroxyisobutyrate, 2- Preferred are ethyl hydroxyisobutyrate propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, sec-butanol, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, hexamethyldisiloxane, hexaethyldisiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, decamethyltetrasiloxane, dodecamethylpentasiloxane, tetradecamethylhexasiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, and octamethylcyclopentasiloxane.

[0558] In one embodiment, when using the wet coating method, the solvent is, for example, R ９０ A compound represented by —OH can be used. ９０is a monovalent organic group, preferably C １－２０ Alkyl group or C ３－２０ The alkylene group may be substituted with one or more substituents. Examples of the substituents include a hydroxyl group, -OR ９１ (where R ９１ is C １－１０ Alkyl group, preferably C １－３ alkyl groups, such as methyl groups.

[0559] When the dry coating method is used, the surface treatment agent may be subjected to the dry coating method as it is, or may be diluted with the above-mentioned solvent before being subjected to the dry coating method.

[0560] The layer formation of the surface treatment agent is preferably carried out so that the surface treatment agent is present in the layer together with a catalyst for hydrolysis and dehydration condensation. Conveniently, in the case of a wet coating method, the surface treatment agent may be diluted with a solvent, and then a catalyst may be added to the diluted solution of the surface treatment agent immediately before application to the substrate surface. In the case of a dry coating method, the surface treatment agent to which the catalyst has been added may be directly vapor-deposited (usually, vacuum vapor-deposited), or a metal porous body such as iron or copper may be vapor-deposited (usually, vacuum vapor-deposited) using a pellet-shaped material impregnated with the surface treatment agent of the present disclosure to which the catalyst has been added.

[0561] The catalyst may be any appropriate acid or base, transition metal (e.g., Ti, Ni, Sn, Zr, Al, B, etc.), sulfur-containing compound having an unshared electron pair in its molecular structure, or nitrogen-containing compound (e.g., sulfoxide compound, aliphatic amine compound, aromatic amine compound, phosphoric acid amide compound, amide compound, urea compound), etc. Examples of acid catalysts that can be used include acetic acid, formic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, etc. Examples of base catalysts that can be used include ammonia, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and organic amines such as triethylamine and diethylamine. Examples of transition metals, aliphatic amine compounds, and aromatic amine compounds are the same as those described above.

[0562] The water- and oil-repellent layer (C) included in the article of the present disclosure can have high durability. In addition to high durability, the water- and oil-repellent layer (C) can have water repellency, oil repellency, antifouling properties (for example, preventing adhesion of stains such as fingerprints), waterproof properties (preventing water penetration into electronic components, etc.), surface slipperiness (or lubricity, for example, ease of wiping off stains such as fingerprints and excellent tactile feel to the fingers), chemical resistance, etc., depending on the composition of the surface treatment agent used, and can be suitably used as a functional thin film.

[0563] Therefore, the present disclosure further relates to an optical material having the above-mentioned water- and oil-repellent layer (C) as the outermost layer.

[0564] Preferred examples of the optical material include optical materials relating to displays and the like, such as those exemplified below, as well as a wide variety of other optical materials: for example, displays such as cathode ray tubes (CRTs; for example, personal computer monitors), liquid crystal displays, plasma displays, organic EL displays, inorganic thin-film EL dot matrix displays, rear projection displays, vacuum fluorescent displays (VFDs), and field emission displays (FEDs), or protective plates for such displays, or displays whose surfaces have been treated with an anti-reflection film.

[0565] The article of the present disclosure may be, but is not particularly limited to, an optical member. Examples of optical members include lenses for eyeglasses and the like; front protective plates, anti-reflection plates, polarizing plates, and anti-glare plates for displays such as PDPs and LCDs; touch panel sheets for devices such as mobile phones and personal digital assistants; disc surfaces of optical discs such as Blu-ray (registered trademark) discs, DVD discs, CD-Rs, and MOs; optical fibers; and the display surfaces of watches and clocks.

[0566] The article of the present disclosure may also be a medical device or medical material. The article having a layer obtained by the present disclosure may also be an automobile interior or exterior component. Examples of exterior components include windows, light covers, and exterior camera covers. Examples of interior components include instrument panel covers, navigation system touch panels, and decorative interior components.

[0567] The thickness of the water- and oil-repellent layer (C) is not particularly limited. In the case of optical members, the thickness of the layer may be, for example, in the range of 1 to 50 nm, preferably 1 to 30 nm, and more preferably 1 to 15 nm, from the viewpoints of optical performance, abrasion resistance, and antifouling properties.

[0568] An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) device, such as a PHI5000 VersaProbe II manufactured by ULVAC-PHI, can be used to measure the atomic composition and atomic ratio of the water- and oil-repellent layer (C). Measurement conditions for XPS analysis include a monochromated AlKα X-ray source at 25 W, a photoelectron detection area of ​​1400 μm × 300 μm, a photoelectron detection angle in the range of 20 to 90 degrees (e.g., 20, 45, or 90 degrees), and a pass energy of 23.5 eV. Gas cluster ion beams, Ar ions, or the like can be used for sputtering. Using the above device and measurement conditions, the peak areas of C1s, O1s, and Si2p can be observed, and the atomic ratios of carbon, oxygen, and silicon can be calculated to determine the compositions of the water- and oil-repellent layer (C) and the silicon oxide layer (B).

[0569] Depth analysis can also be performed. Measurement conditions for XPS analysis include using a monochromated AlKα ray at 25 W as the X-ray source, a photoelectron detection area of ​​1400 μm × 300 μm, a photoelectron detection angle in the range of 20 to 90 degrees (e.g., 20, 45, or 90 degrees), and a pass energy of 23.5 eV. Ar ions, gas cluster ions, or C ions can be used as sputtering ions. Sputtering can be performed by etching 1 to 100 nm, and the composition of the coating film at each etching depth can be obtained.

[0570] The detection depth can be adjusted appropriately by adjusting the photoelectron detection angle in the XPS analysis. For example, a shallow angle close to 20 degrees can achieve a detection depth of about 3 nm, while a deep angle close to 90 degrees can achieve a detection depth of about 10-odd nm.

[0571] The compounds, compositions, and articles of the present disclosure have been described in detail above. However, the compounds, compositions, and articles of the present disclosure are not limited to those exemplified above.

[0572] The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0573] (Preparation of Binder Solution 1) 1.40 g of tetraethoxysilane and 3.18 g of ethanol were added to a 30 mL flask and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. 2.42 g of 0.01 M hydrochloric acid and 5.1 mg of sodium chloride were added to the resulting mixture and stirred at 50° C. for 1 hour. 0.25 g of the resulting reaction solution and 4.75 g of ethanol were mixed in a 10 mL screw bottle to prepare Binder Solution 1.

[0574] (Preparation of Binder Solution 2) 0.60 g of tetraethoxysilane and 1.36 g of ethanol were added to a 10 mL flask and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. 1.04 g of a 1 M aqueous solution of p-toluenesulfonic acid and 87.7 mg of sodium p-toluenesulfonate were added to the resulting mixture and stirred at 50°C for 1 hour. 0.25 g of the resulting reaction solution and 4.75 g of ethanol were mixed in a 10 mL screw bottle to prepare binder solution 2.

[0575] (Preparation of Binder Solution 3) 1.00 g of tetraethoxysilane and 2.26 g of ethanol were added to a 10 mL flask and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. 1.73 g of 0.01 M aqueous nitric acid solution and 64.0 mg of sodium nitrate were added to the resulting mixture and stirred at 50° C. for 1 hour. 0.25 g of the resulting reaction solution and 4.75 g of ethanol were mixed in a 10 mL screw bottle to prepare Binder Solution 3.

[0576] (Preparation of Binder Solution 4) 0.40 g of tetraethoxysilane and 0.91 g of ethanol were added to a 10 mL flask and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. 0.69 g of 0.01 M hydrochloric acid and 44.0 mg of sodium chloride were added to the resulting mixture and stirred at 50° C. for 1 hour. 0.25 g of the resulting reaction solution, 2.75 g of ethanol, and 2.00 g of ion-exchanged water were mixed in a 10 mL screw bottle to prepare Binder Solution 4.

[0577] (Preparation of Binder Solution 5) 0.20 g of tetraethoxysilane and 0.46 g of ethanol were added to a 10 mL flask and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. 0.35 g of a 0.01 M aqueous nitric acid solution and 95.9 mg of sodium nitrate were added to the resulting mixture and stirred at 50° C. for 1 hour. 0.25 g of the resulting reaction solution, 2.75 g of ethanol, and 2.00 g of ion-exchanged water were mixed in a 10 mL screw bottle to prepare Binder Solution 5.

[0578] (Preparation of Binder Solution 6) 0.50 g of tetraethoxysilane and 1.14 g of ethanol were added to a 10 mL flask and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. 0.87 g of a 0.01 M aqueous nitric acid solution and 0.32 g of sodium nitrate were added to the resulting mixture and stirred at 50° C. for 1 hour. 0.25 g of the resulting reaction solution, 2.75 g of ethanol, and 2.00 g of ion-exchanged water were mixed in a 10 mL screw bottle to prepare Binder Solution 6.

[0579] (Preparation of Binder Solution 7) 7.00 g of tetraethoxysilane and 15.6 g of ethanol were added to a 100 mL flask and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. 12.1 g of a 0.01 M aqueous nitric acid solution and 3.7 mg of sodium nitrate were added to the resulting mixture, and the mixture was stirred at 50° C. for 1 hour. 0.25 g of the resulting reaction solution and 4.75 g of ethanol were mixed in a 10 mL screw bottle to prepare Binder Solution 7.

[0580] (Preparation of Binder Solution 8) 1.00 g of tetraethoxysilane and 2.27 g of ethanol were added to a 30 mL flask and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. 1.73 g of 0.01 M hydrochloric acid was added to the resulting mixture and stirred at 50° C. for 1 hour. 0.25 g of the resulting reaction solution and 4.75 g of ethanol were mixed in a 10 mL screw bottle to prepare binder solution 8.

[0581] (Preparation of Binder Solution 9) 0.20 g of tetraethoxysilane and 0.46 g of ethanol were added to a 10 mL flask and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. 0.35 g of 0.01 M hydrochloric acid and 0.22 g of sodium chloride were added to the resulting mixture and stirred at 50° C. for 1 hour. 0.25 g of the resulting reaction solution, 2.75 g of ethanol, and 2.00 g of ion-exchanged water were mixed in a 10 mL screw bottle to prepare Binder Solution 9.

[0582] (Synthesis of Compound A) 3.02 g of 22-tricosenoic acid, 26 mL of toluene, and 17 mL of methanol were added, and then 20 mL of trimethylsilyldiazomethane was added dropwise, followed by stirring at room temperature for 3 hours. Thereafter, the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 3.11 g of Compound (1).

[0583] 1 H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ[ppm]: 1.249-1.649 (m), 2.005-2.061 (m), 2.279-2.316 (t), 1.567-1.622 (m), 3.662 (s), 4.904-5.015 (m), 5.760-5.862 (m)

[0584] Compound (1)

[0585] 0.50 g of the above compound (1), 10.0 mL of toluene, 0.05 mL of pyridine, and 0.3 mL of a xylene solution containing 2% Pt complex of 1,3-divinyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane were added, followed by the dropwise addition of 1.2 mL of 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane. After stirring at room temperature for 17 hours, the mixture was purified to yield 0.87 g of the following compound (2).

[0586] 1 H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ[ppm]: 0.033-0.241 (m), 0.438-0.550 (m), 1.191-1.413 (m), 1.607-1.642 (m), 2.242-2.325 (m), 3.669 (s)

[0587] Compound (2)

[0588] 0.86 g of the compound (2), 5.0 mL of allylamine, and 0.20 g of 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene were added, and the mixture was stirred for 3 hours at 75° C. Thereafter, the mixture was washed with an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, dehydrated with magnesium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 0.72 g of compound (3).

[0589] 1 H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ[ppm]: 0.076-0.128 (m), 0.413-0.465 (t), 1.183-1.1.404 (m), 1.604-1.677 (m), 2.173-2.248 (t), 3.841-3.942(m), 5.122-5.210(m), 5.809-5.877(m)

[0590] Compound (3)

[0591] 0.72 g of the compound (3), 6.0 mL of toluene, 0.04 mL of pyridine, and 0.26 mL of a xylene solution containing 2% Pt complex of 1,3-divinyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane were added, followed by 1.4 mL of trimethoxysilane and stirring at room temperature overnight. Thereafter, purification was carried out to obtain 0.48 g of the following compound A having a trimethoxysilyl group at the terminal.

[0592] 1 H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ[ppm]: 0.054-0.149 (m), 0.425-0.464 (t), 0.628-0.681 (m), 1.181-1.402 (m), 1.544-1.768(m), 2.125-2.164 (t), 3.558-3.646 (m)

[0593] (Synthesis of Surface Treatment Agent A) The compound A obtained above was diluted to a 0.5 wt % heptane solution, thereby obtaining a surface treatment agent A.

[0594] (Synthesis of Compound B) CH ３ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ -(Si(CH３ ) ２ O) ｎ -Si(CH ３ ) ２ - (CH ２ ) １０ 5.00 g of —COOH, 15.1 g of tetrahydrofuran, 0.97 g of 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride, 0.048 g of 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and 0.38 mL of allylamine were added, and the mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. After that, the mixture was purified to obtain a polydimethylsiloxane group-containing compound (1) CH ３ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ -(Si(CH ３ ) ２ O) ｎ -Si(CH ３ ) ２ - (CH ２ ) １０ -CONH-CH ２ CH=CH ２ (n≈16) 4.07 g was obtained.

[0595] １ H NMR (CDCl ３ , 400MHz) δ [ppm]: -0.114-0.291 (m), 0.507-0.547 (m), 0.855-0.890 (t), 1.180-1.320 (m), 1.577-1.629 (m), 1.948-2.049 (m), 2.197-2.327 (m), 3.893 (s), 5.102-5.191 (m), 5.388-5.394 (m), 5.754-5.823 (m)

[0596] The polydimethylsiloxane group-containing compound (1) CH ３ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ -(Si(CH ３ ) ２ O) ｎ -Si(CH ３ ) ２ - (CH ２ ) １０ -CONH-CH ２ CH=CH ２3.7262 g of the compound, 11.4 g of toluene, 0.02 g of triacetoxymethylsilane, and 0.13 ml of a xylene solution containing 2% Pt complex of 1,3-divinyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane were added, followed by the addition of 1.3 mL of trichlorosilane, heating to 60°C and stirring for 4 hours. After that, the volatile matter was distilled off under reduced pressure, and then a mixed solution of 0.244 g of methanol and 5.347 g of trimethyl orthoformate was added, followed by heating to 50°C and stirring for 3 hours. Thereafter, purification was carried out to obtain a compound represented by the following formula: CH ３ CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ -(Si(CH ３ ) ２ O) ｎ -Si(CH ３ ) ２ - (CH ２ ) １０ -CONH-CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ -Si(OCH ３ ) ３　 The average value of n was 18.

[0597] (Synthesis of Surface Treatment Agent B) The compound B obtained above was diluted to a concentration of 0.5 wt % in hexamethyldisiloxane, thereby obtaining a surface treatment agent B.

[0598] (Synthesis of Compound C) R-COOH (10 g), 2,2-diallyl-4-penten-1-amine (1.71 g), 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (1.98 g), triethylamine (1.44 mL), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (84 mg), and dichloromethane (30 mL) were mixed and stirred at room temperature overnight. The mixture was diluted with dichloromethane, washed with hydrochloric acid and water, and then concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain R-CONH-CH ２ C(CH ２ CH=CH ２ ) ３ (8.88 g) was obtained. R is (CH ３ ) ３ Si-(OSi(CH ３) ２ ) ｎ - (CH ２ ) １０ The average number of repeating units n is 66.

[0599] 1 H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ[ppm]: -0.20-0.25 (m), 1.45-1.59 (m, 2H), 1.20-1.48 (m, 14H), 1.53-1.65 (m, 2H), 2.03 (d, 2H, 7.6Hz), 2.16 (t, 2H, 7.6Hz), 3.20 (d, 2H, 6.4Hz), 5.05-5.14 (m, 6H), 5.51-5.60 (m, 1H), 5.80-5.93 (m, 3H). 13 C NMR (CDCl3, 133 MHz) δ[ppm]: 0.2, 1.0, 1.8, 18.3, 23.2, 29.3, 29.4, 29.6, 30.3, 33.5, 37.1, 40.0, 40.1, 45.0, 118.1, 134.2, 172.9.

[0600] R-CONH-CH ２ C(CH ２ CH=CH ２ ) ３ (2 g), toluene (10 mL), a xylene solution of Karstedt's catalyst (2%, 0.29 mL), aniline (46 mg), and trimethoxysilane (1.43 mL) were mixed. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight and then concentrated under reduced pressure to give R-CONH-CH ２ C{CH ２ CH ２ CH ２ Si(OCH ３ ) ３} ３ Compound C (2.21 g) represented by the formula: R is (CH ３ ) ３ Si-(OSi(CH ３ ) ２ ) ｎ - (CH ２ ) １０ The average number of repeating units n is 66.

[0601] 1 H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ[ppm]: -0.2-0.21 (m), 0.41-0.65 (m, 8H), 1.10-1.50 (m, 26H), 1.55-1.65 (m, 2H), 2.14 (t, 2H, 7.2 Hz), 3.09 (d, 2H, 6.0 Hz), 3.45-3.62 (m, 27H), 5.67-5.75 (m, 1H) 13 C NMR (CDCl3, 133 MHz) δ [ppm]: 0.1, 1.0, 1.7, 9.5, 16.1, 18.2, 23.2, 26.0, 29.4, 29.4, 29.6, 30.2, 33.4, 37.0, 38.1, 39.1, 43.6, 50.4, 173.0. The average value of n is 66.

[0602] (Synthesis of Surface Treatment Agent C) The compound C obtained above was diluted to a concentration of 0.5 wt % in isopropanol, thereby obtaining a surface treatment agent C.

[0603] (Example 1) <Formation of binder layer> Chemically strengthened glass (manufactured by Corning Incorporated, Gorilla Glass, thickness 0.7 mm) was irradiated with UV / O for 10 minutes. ３ After dry cleaning by treatment, the substrate was treated by spin coating at 3000 rpm for 30 seconds with Binder Solution 1. Thereafter, heat treatment was carried out in an oven at 150° C. for 2 hours to obtain a binder layer.

[0604] <Formation of Surface Treatment Layer> The chemically strengthened glass with the binder layer obtained above was subjected to UV / O irradiation for 10 minutes. ３ After dry cleaning by treatment, the substrate was treated with surface treatment agent A by spin coating at 3000 rpm for 30 seconds, followed by heat treatment in an oven at 150°C for 30 minutes to obtain a surface treatment layer.

[0605] Examples and Comparative Examples A surface-treated layer with a binder layer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the binder solution and surface treatment agent were changed to the combinations shown in Table 1.

[0606] (Surface Analysis TOF-SIMS, Analysis of Alkali Metals) The average sodium concentration in a region of the silicon oxide layer at a depth of 0.1 nm or more and 0.3 nm or less from the surface in contact with the water- and oil-repellent layer was determined using a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) device according to the following procedure.

[0607] (I) First, a standard sample for quantifying sodium concentration was prepared. A quartz glass substrate with the same composition as the silicon oxide layer to be evaluated was prepared, and sodium ions were implanted into this substrate to prepare a standard sample. A medium current ion implanter (IMX-3500RS manufactured by ULVAC, Inc.) was used for the ion implantation, with an energy of 110 keV and a sodium implantation dose of 6.0 × 10 １４ ions / cm ２ It was decided.

[0608] (II) Next, the substrate with silicon oxide to be evaluated and the standard sample prepared in (I) are simultaneously transported into the TOF-SIMS device, and TOF-SIMS depth direction analysis is performed by ion sputtering in order. The sputtering time (seconds, horizontal axis) and ２３ Na ＋ and ２８ Si ＋ A profile of the intensity (counts, vertical axis) of the sample was obtained.

[0609] Next, from the profile of the substrate prepared in (I), the sputtering rate (nm / sec) of the sputter ions and the coefficient for converting the count number into the amount of sodium per unit volume (atoms / (counts cm ３ The analysis conditions for the TOF-SIMS used here are as follows: Primary ion species: Bi ３＋ Primary ion acceleration voltage: 25 keV Primary ion current value: 1 pA (at 10 kHz) Primary ion cluster size: 100 x 100 μm ２ Primary ion punching: Yes Cycle time: 100 us Number of pixels: 128 x 128 pixels Sputter ion species: C ６０ ＋＋ Sputtering acceleration voltage: 10 keV Sputtering current value: 1 nA (at 10 kHz) Sputtering ion raster size: 1000 x 1000 μm２ Sputtering time per time: 2 seconds Vacuum degree: 5.0 x 10 －６ mbar (no oxygen flow into the device) Neutralization gun: None

[0610] (III) Finally, from the depth profile of the sodium concentration of the silicon oxide obtained in (II), the average value of the sodium concentration in the region of the silicon oxide layer from a depth of 0.1 nm to 0.3 nm from the surface in contact with the water- and oil-repellent layer was calculated. The number of plotted points in the depth direction of the sodium concentration in the region of 0.1 nm to 0.3 nm was three. The average value of the sodium concentration was calculated as the average value of these three points. When the measurement was performed under the above conditions, three plotted points may be present in the region from a depth of 0.1 nm to 0.3 nm from the surface in contact with the oil-repellent layer.

[0611] In this example, the substrate with silicon oxide was subjected to 10 minutes of UV / O before TOF-SIMS depth profile analysis by ion sputtering. ３ The average sodium concentration in the silicon oxide layer in a region from 0.1 nm to 0.3 nm deep from the surface in contact with the water- and oil-repellent layer was calculated, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0612] It is desirable that the silicon oxide layer be exposed before TOF-SIMS depth profile analysis by ion sputtering. That is, if a water-repellent / oil-repellent layer exists on the surface of the silicon oxide layer or if surface contamination is clearly progressing, it is preferable to remove these. Removal methods include oxygen plasma treatment, UV / O ３ It may be better to carry out both of these treatments depending on the thickness of the water- and oil-repellent layer and the degree of surface contamination.

[0613] (Surface Analysis TOF-SIMS Analysis) In the silicon oxide layer, Cl in the region of 0.1 nm to 0.3 nm deep from the surface in contact with the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer was － , S.O. ３ － , NO ３ － , S.O. ４ ２－ , and P.O. ３ －The presence or absence of detection was analyzed using a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (TOF-SIMS) according to the following procedure.

[0614] (I) First, the silicon oxide substrate to be evaluated and the standard sample for quantifying the sodium concentration described above are simultaneously transported into the TOF-SIMS device, and a TOF-SIMS depth profile analysis is performed by ion sputtering in order. The sputtering time (seconds, horizontal axis) and the Cl concentration are measured. － , NO ３ － , S.O. ３ － , SiO ２ － and Si － A profile of the intensity (counts, vertical axis) of the sputtered ions was then obtained. The sputtering rate (nm / sec) of the sputtered ions was then calculated from the profile of the standard sample substrate. The TOF-SIMS analysis conditions used here are as follows: Primary ion species: Bi ３＋ Primary ion acceleration voltage: 25 keV Primary ion current value: 1 pA (at 10 kHz) Primary ion cluster size: 100 x 100 μm ２ Primary ion punching: Yes Cycle time: 100 us Number of pixels: 128 x 128 pixels Sputter ion species: C ６０ ＋＋ Sputtering acceleration voltage: 10 keV Sputtering current value: 1 nA (at 10 kHz) Sputtering ion raster size: 300 x 300 μm ２ Sputtering time per cycle: 4 seconds Vacuum degree: 5.0 x 10 －６ mbar (no oxygen flow into the device) Neutralization gun: None

[0615] (II) Next, from the depth profile of the silicon oxide obtained in (I), the Cl content in the silicon oxide layer in the region of 0.1 nm to 0.3 nm deep from the surface in contact with the water- and oil-repellent layer was determined. － , NO ３ － , S.O. ３ － , SiO ２ － and Si －The average counts of each of the above and the average counts of the six types were calculated. The number of points plotted in the region of 0.1 nm or more and 0.3 nm or less was three. － , NO ３ － , S.O. ３ － , SiO ２ － and Si － When the measurement is performed under the above conditions, three plots may be present in the region of a depth of 0.1 nm or more and 0.3 nm or less from the surface in contact with the oil-repellent layer.

[0616] In the silicon oxide layer, in a region having a depth of 0.1 nm or more and 0.3 nm or less from the surface in contact with the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer, － , NO ３ － , S.O. ３ － , SiO ２ － or Si － ) / (total ion count) fraction was calculated, and if it was 1.0% or more, it was determined that Cl － , NO ３ － , S.O. ３ － , SiO ２ － or Si － For example, the silicon oxide layer used in Example 1 was found to have a high concentration of (NO ３ － ) / (total ion count) is 3.7%, and NO ３ － In the silicon oxide layer, Cl was detected in the region of 0.1 nm to 0.3 nm deep from the surface in contact with the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer. － , NO ３ － , S.O. ３ － , SiO ２ － or Si － The detection results are shown in Table 1.

[0617]

[0618] (Abrasion Resistance Evaluation) <Initial Evaluation> For the initial evaluation (0 abrasion times), after the formation of the surface treatment layer, the excess water on the surface was wiped off, and then the static contact angle of water was measured. The contact angle was measured using a fully automatic contact angle meter DropMaster 700 (manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.) in an environment of 25°C. Specifically, the substrate having the surface treatment layer to be measured was placed horizontally, water was dropped onto the surface from a microsyringe, and a still image was taken with a video microscope 1 second after the drop to measure the static contact angle. The static contact angle was measured at five different points on the surface treatment layer of the substrate, and the average value calculated was rated as ◯ if it was 70° or more, and x if it was less than 70°.

[0619] <Evaluation after abrasion resistance test> The following friction element was brought into contact with the formed surface treatment layer, a load of 5 N was applied thereto, and the friction element was moved back and forth at a speed of 40 mm / sec while the load was applied. When the number of frictions reached 200, the static contact angle of water was measured, and a value of 0 if 70° or more was evaluated as ◯, and a value of x if less than 70° was evaluated as ×. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0620] Friction element: The surface of the silicone rubber processed product shown below was covered with cotton soaked in artificial sweat of the composition shown below and used as a friction element. Composition of artificial sweat: Anhydrous disodium hydrogen phosphate: 2 g Sodium chloride: 20 g 85% lactic acid: 2 g Histidine hydrochloride: 5 g Distilled water: 1 kg Silicone rubber processed product: A silicone rubber stopper SR-51 manufactured by Tigers Polymer was processed into a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 1 cm and a thickness of 1 cm.

[0621] (Appearance Evaluation) For appearance evaluation, after the formation of the surface treatment layer, the excess on the surface was wiped off, and then the haze of the coating film was measured in accordance with JIS K 7136. Haze measurement was performed in a 25°C environment using a Haze Meter NDH7000SP (manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.). Specifically, using the solid measurement mode, standard calibration was performed in an air layer state, and then the haze of the glass on which the surface treatment layer was formed was measured. The haze value was measured at three different points on the surface treatment layer of the substrate, and the average value was calculated and is shown in Table 2.

[0622]

Claims

1. A silicon oxide layer (B) containing alkali metal atoms, the silicon oxide layer (B) being disposed between the substrate (A) and the water- and oil-repellent layer (C), wherein the average concentration of alkali metal atoms in a region of the silicon oxide layer (B) that is 0.1 to 0.3 nm deep from the surface that contacts the water- and oil-repellent layer (C) is 1.4 x 10 １８ atoms / cm ３ 2.6 x 10 ２０ atoms / cm ３ The silicon oxide layer (B) is － , S.O. ３ － , NO ３ － , S.O. ４ ２－ , and P.O. ３ － wherein the water- and oil-repellent layer (C) is formed from a silane compound containing a Si atom having a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group bonded thereto, and the silane compound does not contain a fluorine atom in its structure.

2. The article of claim 1, wherein said alkali metal atoms comprise sodium atoms.

3. The silicon oxide layer (B) is － , S.O. ３ － and NO ３ － The article according to claim 1 or 2, comprising one or more selected from the group consisting of:

4. The silicon oxide layer (B) contains sodium atoms, and the average concentration of alkali metal atoms in a region of the silicon oxide layer (B) at a depth of 0.1 to 0.3 nm from the surface in contact with the water- and oil-repellent layer (C) is 1.4 × 10 １８ atoms / cm ３ 2.6 x 10 ２０ atoms / cm ３ The silicon oxide layer (B) is － , S.O. ３ － and NO ３ － The article according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising one or more selected from the group consisting of:

5. The article according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the silicon oxide layer (B) comprises one or more materials selected from the group consisting of condensates of silicic acid compounds and hydrolysates of alkoxysilanes.

6. The article according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the silicon oxide layer (B) is formed from a binder composition, the binder composition comprising a silicon oxide precursor, an acid, and an alkali metal salt.

7. The article according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the silicon oxide layer (B) is formed from a liquid binder composition, the liquid binder composition comprising a silicon oxide precursor, an acid, an alkali metal salt, and a solvent.

8. The article according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the silicon oxide precursor comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of silicic acid compounds, condensates of silicic acid compounds, alkoxysilanes, and hydrolysis condensates of alkoxysilanes.

9. The silane compound in the water- and oil-repellent layer (C) is represented by the following formula (1): Ａ１ α -X Ａ -R Ｓｉ β (1) [In formula (1), R Ａ１ represents a monovalent group containing one or more Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is not directly bonded, or a hydrocarbon group; Ｓｉ represents a monovalent group containing a Si atom to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded, Ａ represents a single bond or a divalent to decavalent group, α represents an integer of 1 to 9, and β represents an integer of 1 to 9.

10. The silane compound is represented by the formula (1), R Ａ１ is represented by the following formula (A4) or (A5): １１ａ - (R Ｓ ) γ１ -(SiR １２ａ ２ ) γ２ - (R Ａｒ ) γ３ - (A4) R １３ａ -(SiR １４ａ ２ O) ｎ -SiR １４ａ ２ - (A5) [In formula (A4), R １１ａ represents a monovalent group containing one or more Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is not directly bonded, or a hydrocarbon group; Ｓ are each independently represented by the following formula: [In the formula: R ７３ are each independently a single bond, C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７４ are each independently C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７６ are each independently C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７７ are each independently an optionally substituted arylene group, R ７８ are each independently a single bond or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７９ are each independently a single bond or an oxygen atom, ７５ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer of 0 to 500, y is an integer of 0 to 500, z is an integer of 0 to 500, x + y + z is 1 or more, and the order of occurrence of the repeating units enclosed in parentheses with x, y, or z is arbitrary in the formula. １２ａ each independently represents a hydrocarbon group; Ａｒ represents a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group, γ1 is 0 or 1, γ2 is 0 or 1, and γ3 is 0 or 1; in formula (A5), R １３ａ is C １－１２ represents an alkyl group, a phenyl group, or the following group A or group B, wherein the group A and the group B are each a group represented by the following formula: [In the formula: R ５１ are each independently -(R ６１ -SiR ５３ ２ ) ｍａ -R ５３ R is a group represented by ６１ are each independently an oxygen atom or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ５３ are each independently a hydrocarbon group or R ５１’ and R ５１’ is R ５１ Each ma is independently an integer of 1 to 5, provided that R ５１ Medium, R ５１’ The number of is 20 or less, and R ５２ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, na is an integer of 1 to 3, and R ５４ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, nb is an integer of 1 to 5, and z is 0 or 1. １４ａ are each independently C １－１２ The article according to claim 9, comprising a compound represented by the formula: wherein n is an alkyl group or a phenyl group, and n is an integer of 1 to 1500.

11. The silane compound is a compound represented by the formula (1), wherein X Ａ -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -NR ４１ --, --CONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ CO-, -OCONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ COO-, -NR ４１ -CO-NR ４１ -, -O-, -S-, -CON= or R Ｓ is a divalent to decavalent group containing R ４１ represents a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C １－６ is an alkyl group, R Ｓ is the following formula: [In the formula: R ７３ are each independently a single bond, C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７４ are each independently C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７６ are each independently C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７７ are each independently an optionally substituted arylene group, R ７８ are each independently a single bond or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７９ are each independently a single bond or an oxygen atom, ７５ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer of 0 to 500, y is an integer of 0 to 500, z is an integer of 0 to 500, x + y + z is 1 or greater, and the order of occurrence of the repeating units enclosed in parentheses with x, y, or z is arbitrary in the formula.

12. The silane compound is a compound represented by the formula (1), wherein X Ａ is represented by the following formula: -(X １２１ ) ａ０ -X １１０ - [(X １１１ ) ａ１ -(X １１２ ) ａ２ ] - [In the formula: X １２１ is R １６１ ｂ１ R ６２ ３－ｂ１ C-, R １６３ ｂ２ R １６４ ３－ｂ２ Si- or R １６５ N- and R １６１ are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group, １６２ is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R １６３ are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group, １６４ is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R １６５ are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group, b1 is 2 or 3, b2 is 2 or 3, and X １１０ is a single bond or an alkylene group having one or more carbon atoms, １１１ is a single bond or a divalent organic group, １１２ is -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -NR ４１ --, --CONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ CO-, -OCONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ COO-, -NR ４１ -CO-NR ４１ -, -O-, -S-, -CON= or R Ｓ and R ４１ represents a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C １－６ is an alkyl group, R Ｓ is the following formula: [In the formula: R ７３ are each independently a single bond, C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７４ are each independently C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ - or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７６ are each independently C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７７ are each independently an optionally substituted arylene group, R ７８ are each independently a single bond or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ７９ are each independently a single bond or an oxygen atom, ７５ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer of 0 to 500, y is an integer of 0 to 500, z is an integer of 0 to 500, x + y + z is 1 or greater, and the repeating units enclosed in parentheses with x, y or z may be present in any order within the formula.], a0 is 0 or 1, a1 is an integer of 1 to 5, a2 is an integer of 0 to 5, and the repeating units enclosed in parentheses with a1 or a2 may be present in any order within the formula.], or a group represented by the formula (X Ａ１ ): [In the formula, X ａ and each independently represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.

13. The silane compound is a compound represented by the formula (1), wherein R Ｓｉ is represented by the following formula (S1), (S2), (S3), (S4) or (S5): [In the formula: R １１ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R １２ are each independently a monovalent organic group, and n1 is (SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ ) units are each independently an integer of 0 to 3, １１ are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group, １３ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, each t is independently an integer of 2 or more, R １４ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or -X １１ -SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ and R １５ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or C １－６ Alkylene group or C １－６ is an alkyleneoxy group, R ａ１ are each independently -Z １ -SiR ２１ ｐ１ R ２２ ｑ１ R ２３ ｒ１ and Z １ are each independently a divalent organic group, ２１ are each independently -Z １’ -SiR ２１’ ｐ１’ R ２２’ ｑ１’ R ２３’ ｒ１’ and R ２２ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R ２３ are each independently a monovalent organic group, p1 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, q1 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, r1 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, Z １’ are each independently a divalent organic group, ２１’ are each independently -Z １” -SiR ２２” ｑ１” R ２３” ｒ１” and R ２２’ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R ２３’ are each independently a monovalent organic group, p1' are each independently an integer of 0 to 3, q1' are each independently an integer of 0 to 3, r1' are each independently an integer of 0 to 3, Z １” are each independently a divalent organic group, ２２” are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R ２３” are each independently a monovalent organic group; q1" are each independently an integer of 0 to 3; r1" are each independently an integer of 0 to 3; R ｂ１ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R ｃ１ are each independently a monovalent organic group, k1 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, l1 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, and m1 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, provided that in formula (S3), there are at least two Si atoms bonded to a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, and R ｄ１ are each independently -Z ２ -CR ３１ ｐ２ R ３２ ｑ２ R ３３ ｒ２ and Z ２ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group, and R ３１ are each independently -Z ２’ -CR ３２’ ｑ２’ R ３３’ ｒ２’ and R ３２ are each independently -Z ３ -SiR ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ and R ３３ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group; p2 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3; q2 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3; r2 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3; Z ２’ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group, and R ３２’ are each independently -Z ３ -SiR ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ and R ３３’ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group; q2' are each independently an integer of 0 to 3; r2' are each independently an integer of 0 to 3; Z ３ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group; R ３４ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R ３５ are each independently a monovalent organic group, n2 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, R ｅ１ are each independently -Z ３ -SiR ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ and R ｆ１ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group, k2 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, l2 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3, and m2 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3. However, in formula (S4), there are at least two Si atoms bonded to a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, and R ｇ１ and R ｈ１ are each independently -Z ４ -SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ , -Z ４ -SiR ａ１ ｋ１ R ｂ１ ｌ１ R ｃ１ ｍ１ , or -Z ４ -CR ｄ１ ｋ２ R ｅ１ ｌ２ R ｆ１ ｍ２ and Z ４ are each independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group, with the proviso that in formula (S5), there are at least two Si atoms bonded to hydroxyl groups or hydrolyzable groups.

14. The silane compound is represented by the formula (1): R Ａ１ is represented by the following formula (A4′) or (A5′): １１ａ - (A4') R １３ａ -(SiR １４ａ ２ O) ｎ -SiR １４ａ ２ - (A5') [In formula (A4'), R １１ａ is the following A group: [In the formula: R ５１ are each independently R ５３ - (R ６１ -SiR ５３ ２ ) ｍａ -, and R ６１ are each independently an oxygen atom or C １－６ is an alkylene group, R ５３ are each independently a hydrocarbon group or R ５１’ and R ５１’ is R ５１ Each ma is independently an integer of 1 to 5, provided that R ５１ Medium, R ５１’ The number of is 20 or less, and R ５２ are each independently a hydrocarbon group, na is an integer of 1 to 3, and z is 0 or 1; １３ａ is C １－１２ represents an alkyl group, R １４ａ are each independently C １－１２ represents an alkyl group, and n is an integer of 1 to 1500; Ａ is represented by the following formula: -(X １２１ ) ａ０ -X １１０ - [(X １１１ ) ａ１ -(X １１２’ ) ａ２ ] - [In the formula: X １２１ is R １６１ ｂ１ R ６２ ３－ｂ１ C-, R １６３ ｂ２ R １６４ ３－ｂ２ Si- or R １６５ N- and R １６１ are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group, １６２ is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R １６３ are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group, １６４ is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R １６５ are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group, b1 is 2 or 3, b2 is 2 or 3, and X １１０ is a single bond or an alkylene group having one or more carbon atoms, １１１ is a single bond or a divalent organic group, １１２’ is -CO-, -NR ４１ --, --CONR ４１ - or -NR ４１ CO-, and R ４１ represents a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C １－６ a0 is an alkyl group, a1 is an integer of 1 to 5, a2 is an integer of 0 to 5, and the order of the repeating units enclosed in parentheses with a1 or a2 is arbitrary in the formula. Ｓｉ is represented by the formula (S2): -SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ (S2) [In formula (S2), R １１ are each independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R １２ are each independently a monovalent organic group, and n1 is (SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ ) each independently represents an integer of 0 to 3 for each unit.

15. A method for manufacturing an article, the article comprising: a substrate (A); a water- and oil-repellent layer (C) formed from a silane compound containing Si atoms having hydroxyl groups or hydrolyzable groups bonded thereto; and a silicon oxide layer (B) containing alkali metal atoms and disposed between the substrate (A) and the water- and oil-repellent layer (C), wherein the silane compound does not contain fluorine atoms in its structure; and the average concentration of alkali metal atoms in the silicon oxide layer (B) in a region of 0.1 to 0.3 nm deep from the surface in contact with the water- and oil-repellent layer (C) is 1.4 x 10 １８ atoms / cm ３ 2.6 x 10 ２０ atoms / cm ３ The silicon oxide layer (B) is － , S.O. ３ － , NO ３ － , S.O. ４ ２－ , and P.O. ３ － A method for producing an article, comprising one or more selected from the group consisting of:

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