Modular submersible intake system with stratified media filtration for marine water processing

Abstract

A system for fluid processing includes a filter container configured for submersible deployment in a marine environment. In some embodiments, the filter container includes a housing shaped to conform to ISO shipping container dimensions, one or more screens configured to permit ingress of ambient seawater while excluding suspended solids, a filtered fluid outlet, and a filtered fluid conduit positioned within the housing. In some embodiments, a stratified media bed surrounds at least a portion of the filtered fluid conduit and includes a first gravel layer, a sand layer, and a transition gravel layer arranged from outside to inside. In some embodiments, the system is configured to maintain an approach velocity at the screens within a range selected to minimize entrainment of marine organisms. In some embodiments, multiple filter containers are hydraulically interconnected by a manifold and enclosed within a protective barrier for delivery of filtered water to a processing plant.

Description

Attorney Docket No. 159475-042202 / PCTMODULAR SUBMERSIBLE INTAKE SYSTEM WITH STRATIFIED MEDIA FILTRATION FOR MARINE WATER PROCESSINGCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] This application claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 689,262, filed August 30, 2024, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes.BACKGROUND

[0002] The increasing demand for fresh water, coupled with the scarcity of natural freshwater resources, has led to the development of various water purification and desalination technologies. Among these, the process of evaporation and condensation is a widely used method for converting seawater or brackish water into fresh water. However, conventional evaporators used in the desalination process often face several challenges. They typically require substantial energy inputs, which can lead to high operational costs and environmental concerns. Furthermore, these systems often produce concentrated brine as a byproduct, which poses disposal and environmental issues. Additionally, the efficiency of these systems can be compromised by the accumulation of scale or salt precipitates, which can hinder heat transfer and require frequent maintenance.

[0003] The use of subsurface intakes, which include various types of wells and collectors for obtaining seawater, reduce environmental impacts compared to conventional open-water intakes. Subsurface intakes help protect the ocean floor and benthic organisms during construction and minimize impingement and entrainment of marine life during operation. They collect water through the ocean bottom and coastal aquifer sediments, making them a low-impact technology in terms of harming aquatic life. However, if not appropriately sited and developed, subsurface intakes can adversely affect coastal aquifers and increase the risk of saltwater intrusion in freshwater aquifers. Additionally, subsurface intakes can be challenging to implement in certain geological conditions, leading to increased costs and technical difficulties.

[0004] FIG. 1 illustrates a slant well configuration used to extract ocean water through a coastal aquifer for delivery to a desalination plant. A drill rig 101 is positioned on a land surface 102 adjacent to an ocean surface 103, while the ocean bottom 104 overlies a main aquifer 105 containing a freshwater lens 106 hydraulically connected to a saltwater body 107. A slant well 108Attorney Docket No. 159475-042202 / PCT extends diagonally through the coastal sediments, intersecting the aquifer to draw water through the subsurface rather than from an open-water intake, with an infdtration zone 109 indicating the flow path through porous media prior to entering the well screen.

[0005] This arrangement is sensitive to geologic siting conditions, as improper placement can induce saltwater intrusion into freshwater zones, create drawdown cones that alter natural gradients, and increase the risk of clogging at the well screen. Operationally, the source water composition varies over time, with initial pumping dominated by brackish groundwater and later stages incorporating a higher fraction of ocean water as the system approaches steady state.

[0006] FIG. 2 illustrates a seabed gallery intake system of the prior art constructed beneath the ocean bottom to supply seawater for desalination. The configuration requires extensive excavation of the seabed to install the intake structure and associated filter layers, followed by reburial after installation and subsequent uncovering for maintenance, which imposes significant access constraints and operational downtime. The system occupies a large footprint (approximately 20,000 m2) and employs multiple layers of granular media to achieve filtration. Seawater 201 infiltrates through a substituted sand layer 202 overlying a graded crushed gravel layer 203 and a coarser crushed gravel layer 204, which rest on native local sand 205. A water intake pipe 207 is embedded within the structure to convey filtered water toward the desalination facility.

[0007] FIG. 3 illustrates a slant well production profile over time, showing the progressive change in source water composition as pumping continues. At the start of operation, the well produces 100% brackish groundwater 301 . After extended pumping (~12 months), the composition shifts to approximately 55% brackish groundwater 302, with increasing contributions from old marine groundwater and young ocean water. At steady state (>12 months), the well yields only about 5% brackish groundwater 303, with the majority being young ocean water. This temporal transition introduces variability in water quality, which can complicate pretreatment and desalination processes.

[0008] Therefore, there is a need for a more efficient and sustainable solution to deliver a stable quality fluid feed, thereby avoiding the prolonged stabilization period inherent in slant well designs.Attorney Docket No. 159475-042202 / PCTSUMMARY

[0009] The disclosure is directed to a system that includes a filter container configured for submersible deployment in any liquid, including a freshwater or saltwater marine environment. In some embodiments, the filter container includes a housing shaped to conform to ISO shipping container dimensions, one or more screens disposed on the housing, a stratified media bed, a filtered fluid conduit, and / or a filtered fluid outlet. In some embodiments, the housing incorporates the screens to permit ingress of ambient fluid while excluding suspended solids and marine organisms. In some embodiments, the filtered fluid conduit is positioned within the housing and coupled to the filtered fluid outlet, and the stratified media bed surrounds at least a portion of the filtered fluid conduit. In some embodiments, the filtered fluid conduit conveys filtered fluid from the stratified media bed to the filtered fluid outlet. The filtered water may be supplied to a desalination processing plant, power generation plant for cooling, data center for cooling, electronic chip manufacturing, or other industrial processes for consumption, as non-limiting examples.

[0010] In some embodiments, the stratified media bed includes a first filter media, a second filter media, and a third filter media arranged from outside to inside. In some embodiments, the first filter media includes a first gravel layer configured to provide structural support and distribute flow. In some embodiments, the second filter media includes a sand layer configured to provide depth filtration and capture fine particulates. In some embodiments, the third filter media includes a second gravel layer that functions as a transition layer to prevent migration of the sand layer into the filtered fluid conduit, maintaining hydraulic integrity and filtration performance.

[0011] The filtration media described herein can comprise natural material such as stone, gravel, sand; a synthetic material in granular solid form; and / or a porous film or foam, as non-limiting examples, in accordance with some embodiments.

[0012] In some embodiments, the filter container is configured to maintain an approach velocity at the screens within a range selected to minimize impingement and entrainment of marine organisms. To promote uniform flow distribution, in some embodiments, the filter container may include one or more baffles configured to stabilize flow and inhibit short-circuiting toward the filtered fluid outlet.

[0013] In some embodiments, the system further includes a container isolation valve configured to selectively block or permit flow between the filter container and a feed conduit. A manifold mayAttorney Docket No. 159475-042202 / PCT be provided to hydraulically interconnect a plurality of filter containers and consolidate flow toward a common discharge point. The manifold may include feed conduit isolation valves configured to selectively isolate individual filter containers without interrupting flow through remaining containers, enabling modular maintenance and continuous operation.

[0014] In some embodiments, the filter container may range between 15 and 40 feet in length and between 5 and 15 feet in height, allowing compatibility with standard intermodal handling systems. In some configurations, multiple filter containers are coupled to a manifold and enclosed within a protective barrier. In some embodiments, the protective barrier is configured to shield the array from hydrodynamic forces, debris, and marine activity while permitting ambient water exchange. In some embodiments, the manifold is coupled to a feedwater conduit for delivery of filtered water to a downstream processing plant, such as a desalination facility or power generation system.DRAWING DESCRIPTION

[0015] FIG. 1 depicts a slant well configuration of the prior art used to extract ocean water through a coastal aquifer for delivery to a desalination plant, according to some embodiments.

[0016] FIG. 2 shows a seabed gallery intake system of the prior art constructed beneath the ocean bottom to supply seawater for desalination, according to some embodiments.

[0017] FIG. 3 shows a slant well production profile over time illustrating the progressive change in source water composition during extended pumping, according to some embodiments.

[0018] FIG. 4 illustrates a filter container configured for submersible deployment in a marine environment, including a housing, one or more screens, and a filtered fluid outlet, according to some embodiments.

[0019] FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal cut-away view of the filter container illustrating a stratified media bed and a filtered fluid conduit, according to some embodiments.

[0020] FIG. 6 illustrates a sectional view of the filter container highlighting the arrangement of screen panels and layered filter media, according to some embodiments.

[0021] FIG. 7 illustrates a container isolation valve and its operational states for selectively permitting or blocking flow between the filter container and a feed conduit, according to some embodiments.

[0022] FIG. 8 shows a filter container array comprising multiple filter containers hydraulically connected by a feed conduit and associated isolation valves, according to some embodiments.Attorney Docket No. 159475-042202 / PCT

[0023] FIG. 9 depicts a filter container array hydraulically connected to a processing plant for desalination or power generation, according to some embodiments.

[0024] FIG. 10 illustrates a filter container array enclosed by a protective barrier and hydraulically connected to a processing plant, according to some embodiments.

[0025] FIG. 11 illustrates a filter container array secured to an array flotation structure configured for deployment in a marine environment, according to some embodiments.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present disclosure will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and which show, by way of non-limiting illustration, certain example configurations in accordance with some embodiments. Subject matter may, however, be embodied in a variety of different forms, as well as combinations of features depicted in non-limiting configurations. Therefore, covered or claimed subject matter is intended to be construed as not being limited to any example configuration of structures or function set forth herein. Example configurations, which borrow from portions of the system, are provided merely to show how one of ordinary skill would make and use the system using some embodiments of the present disclosure. Likewise, a broad scope for claimed or covered subject matter is intended. Among other things, for example, subject matter may be embodied as methods, devices, components, computer implemented instructions, control systems, and / or structure. Accordingly, some embodiments may, for example, take the form of hardware, software, firmware or any combination thereof (other than software per se). The following detailed description is, therefore, not intended to be taken in a limiting sense.

[0027] As used throughout the specification and claims, terms may carry nuanced meanings that are informed by context and are not limited to explicitly stated definitions. The phrase “in some embodiments” is not intended to refer exclusively to the same embodiment or to distinct embodiments, unless clearly indicated. Furthermore, the absence of the phrase “in some embodiments” in a sentence should not be interpreted to mean that the described subject matter cannot be combined with or omitted from other elements or embodiments described herein when defining the metes and bounds of the system. Thus, the system may be described using any combination of the features described herein.Attorney Docket No. 159475-042202 / PCT

[0028] In general, terminology may be understood at least in part from usage in context. For example, conjunctions such as “and,” “or,” and the phrase “and / or” are, by default, inclusive. When a list such as A, B, or C is joined by “or,” the phrase encompasses any of A, B, or C individually as well as any combination of two or three of them, unless the surrounding text expressly limits the meaning to a single, mutually exclusive option. Likewise, “and / or” refers to one or more of the listed items in any combination.

[0029] The phrase “one or more” indicates that the referenced element may be present as a single instance or as multiple instances and should be understood to cover either possibility unless a different intent is clearly expressed.

[0030] Similarly, the articles “a,” “an,” and “the” can denote either singular or plural usage depending on context, unless the claim language expressly limits them to one or to multiple instances.

[0031] As used herein, the verbs “can” and “may,” and derivations thereof, denote functional capability, where a clause such as “the system may couple to” is equivalent in scope to “the system is configured to couple to” when defining the metes and bounds of the claimed subject matter. The phrase “configured to” indicates that the identified structure or computer has been arranged or otherwise adapted to perform the recited function. The terms “can” and “may” also highlight the modular nature of the architecture, signifying that individual components may be present, omitted, or combined in different implementations without departing from the scope of the claims, in a manner analogous to phrases such as “in some embodiments,” “according to some embodiments,” “in accordance with some embodiments,” or comparable expressions.

[0032] Some embodiments of the system and methods described herein are directed to an openwater intake configuration that can be implemented, for example, when a subsurface intake is deemed not technically feasible and / or not practical.

[0033] FIG. 4 illustrates a filter container 400 configured for submersible deployment in a marine environment. In some embodiments, the filter container 400 includes a filter container 400 having a rectilinear housing 401 shaped to conform to standard intermodal shipping container dimensions. In some embodiments, the housing 401 is formed from or includes a corrosion-resistant structural material, such as coated steel or fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP), and is configured to support external screen 402 disposed along one or more surfaces of the housing 401. The screens 402 areAttorney Docket No. 159475-042202 / PCT configured to permit the ingress of ambient seawater while excluding suspended solids and marine organisms.

[0034] In some embodiments, a filtered fluid outlet 403 on or through the housing 401 is configured to convey filtered seawater to a manifold 903 and / or feed conduit 803. In some embodiments, the filter container 400 further includes handling features such as lifting padeyes 405 and corner castings 406 configured to interface with standard lifting equipment and twist lock mechanisms 407, respectively, thereby facilitating container handling, stacking, and securement to a seabed platform and / or a vehicle trailer during transport. In a non-limiting example, a fork slot 408 is formed in the housing 401 to accommodate forklift tines or similar lifting implements.

[0035] In some embodiments, the twist locks are configured to align with a container's corner castings. In some embodiments, when the container is placed on a trailer, the twist locks are configured to be inserted into the corner castings and rotated (twisted) 90 degrees to lock the container in place. This prevents the container from sliding or shifting during transport and / or when stacked on top of each other. In some embodiments, corner castings include reinforced corners that include openings on the top and / or bottom. In some embodiments, the openings are configured to interface with twist locks on the trailer.

[0036] In some embodiments, the housing 401 is constructed from corrosion-resistant materials, such as coated steel or fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP). One or more screen panels 402 are disposed along selected surfaces of the housing 401, including at least a portion of the top, bottom, and side walls, and are configured to permit water ingress while excluding debris and marine organisms. In some embodiments, the filter container 400 may include sacrificial anodes, anti-fouling coatings, or removable screen cassettes configured to mitigate biofouling and corrosion during extended submersion.

[0037] In some embodiments, the filter container 400 is configured to conform to standard ISO shipping container dimensions to facilitate transport and deployment. For example, the housing 401 may have an external length in the range of approximately 6.0 to 6.2 meters for a 20-foot form factor or approximately 12.0 to 12.3 meters for a 40-foot form factor, with a width of approximately 2.4 to 2.5 meters depending on whether a standard or high-cube configuration is selected. Internal dimensions may range from approximately 5.8 to 6.0 meters in length for a 20- foot container or approximately 12.0 to 12.1 meters for a 40-foot container, with an internal width of approximately 2.3 to 2.4 meters and an internal height of approximately 2.3 to 2.7 meters. TheseAttorney Docket No. 159475-042202 / PCT configurations provide an internal volume generally ranging from approximately 30 to 70 cubic meters, enabling sufficient capacity for filter media and internal components while maintaining compatibility with intermodal handling systems. The values presented are illustrative of the depicted configuration and are non-limiting, as one of ordinary skill in the art would recognize that the system may be implemented using various container shapes and sizes.

[0038] In some embodiments, the filter container 400 is configured to maintain an approach velocity at the screen panels 402 within a range of approximately 0.1 to 0.2 meters per second to minimize impingement and entrainment of aquatic organisms. In some embodiments, this velocity control is achieved by sizing the total screen surface area to accommodate the design flow rate while limiting localized flow acceleration. For example, the screen panels 402 may be distributed across multiple surfaces of the housing 401 to increase wetted area and reduce intake velocity per unit area. The filter container 400 may further include internal baffles or flow diffusers configured to distribute incoming flow uniformly across the screen panels 402. In some embodiments, the feed conduit connected to the filtered fluid outlet 403 may incorporate a flow-limiting orifice and / or a variable-speed pump configured to regulate the volumetric intake rate.

[0039] In some embodiments, a filtered fluid outlet 403 is coupled to the housing 401 and may include a quick-disconnect coupling and an inline check valve in addition to or alternatively to a container isolation valve 701 to facilitate connection to a manifold 903 and / or a feed water conduit 803 to prevent backflow. In some embodiments, the filter container 400 is configured to accommodate a flow range suitable for large-scale desalination operations while maintaining the specified hydraulic performance criteria.

[0040] FIG. 5 illustrates a longitudinal cut-away, isometric view of filter container 400 in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, filter container 400 includes a stratified media bed arranged above a fluid-permeable portion of filtered fluid conduit 504, which is coupled to filtered fluid outlet 403. In some embodiments, the media bed comprises first filter media 501, second filter media 502, and third filter media 503 arranged from outside to inside to provide structural support, granulometric transition, and particulate capture.

[0041] In some embodiments, first filter media 501 comprises a coarse gravel support layer that is configured to distribute flow uniformly to filtered fluid conduit 504 while limiting head loss and preventing intrusion of overlying media into the underdrain zone. In some embodiments, the layer thickness is expressed as a percentage of the radial distance from the outer surface of the closestAttorney Docket No. 159475-042202 / PCT outer screen to the closest face of the filtered fluid conduit 504. The first filter media 501 may have a layer thickness within a range of 20% to 40% of the distance from the outer surface to the filtered fluid conduit 504, and a nominal particle size within a range of about 12 to 25 millimeters, with a uniformity selected to maintain high permeability during forward filtration and backwash.

[0042] In some embodiments, second filter media 502 comprises a sand layer that is configured to provide depth filtration and establish capture bands aligned to performance targets. In some embodiments, second filter media 502 has a layer thickness 20% to 40% of the distance from the outer surface to the filtered fluid conduit 504, and an effective grain size within a range of about 0.5 to 2.0 millimeters, with a uniformity coefficient selected to maintain porosity while limiting media migration during backwash.

[0043] Third filter media 503 comprises a transition gravel layer that is configured to prevent migration of second filter media 502 into third filter media 503 and into filtered fluid conduit 504. In some embodiments, third filter media 503 has a layer thickness 20% to 40% of the distance from the outer surface to the filtered fluid conduit 504, and a nominal particle size within a range of about 6 to 12 millimeters, with a gradation selected to interlock with both first and second filter media.

[0044] In some embodiments, filtered fluid conduit 504 comprises a permeable surface that, in some embodiments, includes a screened pipe surrounded by the third filter media 503. The screened pipe section may include apertures and / or slots having a width within a range of about 1 to 3 millimeters and an open area ratio within a range of about 10% to 30%, with a layout configured to limit approach velocity and maintain a design head loss within a range selected to preserve the approach velocity criteria of container 400. The sealed penetration may be configured with a bulkhead or nozzle fitting that provides a leak-tight interface and resists differential movement during lifting and deployment.

[0045] In some embodiments, the filter media is water permeable. In some embodiments, the filter media includes gravel configured to filter particles greater than .05 mm (50 microns). In some embodiments, the filter media includes sand configured to filter particles greater than .02 mm (20 microns). In some embodiments, the filter media includes one or more media types (e.g., gravel, sand, synthetic material, screens, concrete, etc.) layered on each other within the filter container 400.Attorney Docket No. 159475-042202 / PCT

[0046] In some embodiments, the system is configured with flush and backwash provisions that include reversible pump operation through filtered fluid conduit 504, a low-point purge port configured to discharge accumulated solids, and / or internal scour flow paths configured to concentrate hydraulic shear at the interface between first filter media 501 and second filter media 502. Pressure sensors may be positioned to measure head loss across third filter media 503 and / or across the combined media stack. In some embodiments, a maintenance trigger may be generated when measured differential pressure exceeds a threshold relative to a baseline value established after media ripening.

[0047] One or more internal baffles 505 or anti-vortex plates may be disposed proximally to filtered fluid conduit 504 to inhibit short-circuiting toward filtered fluid outlet 403, promote uniform vertical flow through the media bed, and stabilize flow distribution during backwash. The geometry and placement of the baffles may be selected to maintain even plan area utilization of the media bed without obstructing access to the sealed outlet penetration.

[0048] The foregoing stratification and filtered fluid conduit 504 configuration are selected to maintain stable capture performance at the fifty -micrometer band and the twenty -micrometer band under design flow, to limit head loss to a prescribed range consistent with intake approach velocity constraints, and to permit repeated backwash cycles without degradation of media gradation or loss of effective volume.

[0049] FIG. 6 illustrates a sectional view of filter container 400 in accordance with some embodiments, highlighting the arrangement of screen panel 402 and the layered configuration of first gravel layer 601, sand layer 602, and second gravel layer 603, as a non-limiting example, as the media are not limited to these suitable materials.

[0050] FIG. 7 illustrates a manifold 903 connection detail for filter container 400 in accordance with some embodiments, showing container isolation valve 701 and its operational states. In some embodiments, the container isolation valve 701 is configured to selectively permit or block flow between the filter container and a feed conduit, enabling individual containers to be isolated without interrupting operation of the remaining array. In some embodiments, the valve is positioned at or near the filtered fluid outlet 403 and may be coupled to a quick-disconnect fitting to facilitate removal and replacement of the container during maintenance.

[0051] Depicted are two representative positions of the isolation valve: an open position 702 and a closed position 703. In the open position, filtered water flows from the container into the feedAttorney Docket No. 159475-042202 / PCT conduit 803 for delivery to a downstream processing plant 902. In the closed position, the valve prevents backflow and isolates the container, allowing it to be disconnected without depressurizing the entire system. This configuration is selected to support modular deployment, minimize downtime during service, and maintain hydraulic integrity of the manifold under variable operating conditions.

[0052] FIG. 8 illustrates a filter container array 801 comprising first filter container 801 and second filter container 802 deployed on ocean bottom 104 in accordance with some embodiments. The containers are hydraulically connected by feed conduit 803, which is configured to convey filtered water toward a processing plant connection point. Feed conduit 803 is coupled to one or more feed conduit isolation valves 804, which, in addition or alternatively to container isolation valves 701, are configured to selectively isolate one or more containers from the array for maintenance or replacement without interrupting flow from the remaining containers. In some embodiments, feed conduit isolation valves 804 includes an open valve position 805 and a closed valve position 806, which are configured to provide positive shutoff and minimize leakage during isolation. The modular filter container may have multiple fluid conduits which are connected to one outlet or have multiple outlets, so the arrangement in FIG. 8 is not intended to be limiting.

[0053] In some embodiments, the filter container array 801 is configured to maintain uniform approach velocities at the screen panels of each filter container and to distribute hydraulic loading across the system. One or more filter containers 400 may be positioned on a prepared container platform 807 or directly on ocean bottom 104, with spacing selected to prevent hydraulic interference and to facilitate access for inspection and retrieval. In some embodiments, the container platform 807 includes one or more surfaces fixed to the floor of the body of water. In some embodiments, one or more container platform 807 are configured to secure the one or more filter containers 400 to the seabed floor or ocean bottom 104 using the one or more couplings (e.g., twist locks).

[0054] Feed conduit 803 and associated valves are configured to withstand marine environmental conditions, including corrosion, biofouling, and hydrodynamic forces, while maintaining a design pressure range suitable for processing plant 902 (e.g., desalination or energy power plant) intake systems.

[0055] FIG. 9 illustrates filter container array 901 hydraulically connected to processing plant 902 in accordance with some embodiments. The array includes one or more filter containers 400Attorney Docket No. 159475-042202 / PCT coupled through feed conduit 803, which is configured to convey filtered water from the containers to processing plant 902 for desalination or power generation. Feed conduit 803 may be integrated with container isolation valves 701 and feed conduit isolation valves 804 to enable selective isolation of individual containers or sections of the array without interrupting overall system operation. In some embodiments, the manifold and conduit arrangement is configured to maintain a design flow range suitable for large-scale intake systems while preserving approach velocity criteria at screen panels 402 of each filter container. The configuration is further selected to withstand marine environmental conditions, including hydrodynamic forces, corrosion, and biofouling, while maintaining structural integrity and hydraulic performance during both normal operation and maintenance cycles.

[0056] In some embodiments, manifold 903 is configured to hydraulically interconnect multiple filter containers within an intake water array and to consolidate flow toward a common discharge point for delivery to a processing plant. In some embodiments, manifold 903 is configured as a pressure-rated conduit assembly that includes multiple branch connections, each coupled to a feed conduit 803 extending from a corresponding filter container. Manifold 903 may be configured with feed conduit isolation valves 804 at each branch to enable selective removal or servicing of individual containers without interrupting flow through the remaining containers. In some embodiments, the manifold 903 includes structural supports and anchoring features configured to maintain alignment and resist hydrodynamic forces when deployed on the ocean bottom 104. The manifold 903 may also incorporate pressure monitoring ports, vent and drain fittings, and provisions for backwash or flushing operations to maintain system performance and reduce fouling.

[0057] In some embodiments, the system comprises one or more feedwater pumps 904. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the feedwater pump 904 is coupled to an outer portion of the container. In some embodiments, at least a portion of a feedwater pump 904 is located within the container. In some embodiments, at least a portion of a feedwater pump 904 is located within one or more filtered water intakes. In some embodiments, at least a portion of a feedwater pump 904 is located within one or more filtered water outlets. As in the non-limiting example in FIG. 9, in some embodiments, at least a portion of a feedwater pump 904 is located within the feedwater conduit 803. In some embodiments, the manifold 903 includes one or more feedwater pumps. InAttorney Docket No. 159475-042202 / PCT some embodiments, one or more feedwater pumps 904 are configured to pump fluid into the one or more filter containers 400 to flush out particulate debris.

[0058] FIG. 10 illustrates filter container array 901 enclosed by protective barrier 1001 and hydraulically connected to processing plant 902 in accordance with some embodiments. The array includes one or more filter containers 400 arranged within protective barrier 1001 on ocean bottom 104. Feed conduit 803 is configured to convey filtered water from filter container array 901 to processing plant 902 for desalination or power generation. Protective barrier 1001 is configured to function as a harbor structure that shields filter container array 901 from hydrodynamic forces, debris, and marine activity, thereby enhancing stability and reducing the risk of damage during operation.

[0059] In some embodiments, protective barrier 1001 comprises structural elements selected to withstand marine environmental conditions, including corrosion and wave loading, while maintaining an open configuration that permits ambient water exchange. The arrangement of filter containers 400 within protective barrier 1001 is configured to maintain uniform approach velocities at screen panels 402 and to facilitate access for inspection and maintenance. Feed conduit 803 and associated valves are configured to maintain hydraulic integrity under design flow conditions and to support modular isolation of individual containers or sections of the array without interrupting overall system operation.

[0060] In some embodiments, protective barrier 1001 is configured as a modular panel system comprising interlocking panels fabricated from corrosion -resistant materials such as coated steel or fiber-reinforced polymer. The panels may include integrated ballast compartments that can be filled with water or aggregate to provide stability on ocean bottom 104. This configuration allows rapid assembly and disassembly, enabling the barrier to be deployed in sections and adjusted to accommodate varying array sizes or site conditions.

[0061] In some embodiments, protective barrier 1001 is configured as a rock armor structure formed by placing graded stone and / or concrete armor units over a geotextile underlayment. The geotextile layer is configured to prevent sediment migration while allowing water exchange, and the overlying rock armor dissipates wave energy and shields filter container array 901 from debris and hydrodynamic forces. This configuration is selected for high-energy marine environments where a passive, low-maintenance barrier is preferred.Attorney Docket No. 159475-042202 / PCT

[0062] In some embodiments, protective barrier 1001 is configured as a reinforced concrete caisson comprising vertical walls anchored to ocean bottom 104 with integrated scour protection. The caisson may include open slots or perforations configured to permit controlled water exchange while maintaining structural integrity. This provides maximum protection for filter containers 400 in deep-water installations or areas subject to strong currents, while also serving as a stable platform for maintenance operations.

[0063] FIG. 11 illustrates a filter container array secured to an array flotation structure configured for deployment in a marine environment, according to some embodiments. The flotation structure 1102 is configured to support and stabilize the filter container array 901 during deployment, where the floatation structure 1102 is configured to maintain the filter container array suspended in the liquid, such as away from an ocean surface or seabed. The flotation structure 1102 may comprise a barge, a floating platform, or a pontoon-based assembly fabricated from corrosion-resistant materials and configured with ballast compartments for stability, as non-limiting examples. In some embodiments, one or filter containers 400 may be secured underneath, on the sides, or within an interior space of the floatation structure 1102, so long as the area the filter containers are configured to enable the filter container to be submerged in liquid. In some embodiments, the flotation structure 1102 is deployed and / or maneuvered using an array deployment vehicle 1101, which may include a tugboat, a workboat, or a research vessel equipped with towing gear, dynamic positioning systems, and lifting equipment, as non-limiting examples. This configuration enables modular transport of multiple filter containers, facilitates precise placement in offshore environments, and supports retrieval for maintenance or redeployment.

[0064] It is understood that the system is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the previous description or illustrated in the drawings. The system and methods disclosed herein fall within the scope of numerous embodiments. The previous discussion is presented to enable a person skilled in the art to make and use the system according to some embodiments. Any portion of the structures and / or principles included in some embodiments can be applied to any and / or all embodiments: it is understood that features from some embodiments presented herein are combinable with other features according to some other embodiments. Thus, some embodiments of the system are not intended to be limited to what is illustrated but are to be accorded the widest scope consistent with all principles and features disclosed herein.Attorney Docket No. 159475-042202 / PCT

[0065] Some embodiments of the system are presented with specific values and / or setpoints. These values and setpoints are not intended to be limiting and are merely examples of a higher configuration versus a lower configuration and are intended as an aid for those of ordinary skill to make and use the system.

[0066] Any text in the drawings is part of the system’s disclosure and is understood to be readily incorporable into any description of the metes and bounds of the system. Any functional language in the drawings is a reference to the system being configured to perform the recited function, and structures shown or described in the drawings are to be considered as the system comprising the structures recited therein. It is understood that defining the metes and bounds of the system using a description of images in the drawing does not need a corresponding text description in the written specification to fall with the scope of the disclosure.

[0067] Furthermore, acting as Applicant’s own lexicographer, Applicant imparts the explicit meaning and / or disavow of claim scope to the following terms:

[0068] Applicant defines any use of “and / or” such as, for example, “A and / or B,” or “at least one of A and / or B” to mean element A alone, element B alone, or elements A and B together. In addition, a recitation of “at least one of A, B, and C,” a recitation of “at least one of A, B, or C,” or a recitation of “at least one of A, B, or C or any combination thereof’ are each defined to mean element A alone, element B alone, element C alone, or any combination of elements A, B and C, such as AB, AC, BC, or ABC, for example.

[0069] “Substantially” and “approximately” when used in conjunction with a value encompass a difference of 5% or less of the same unit and / or scale of that being measured (e.g., degrees, volume, mass, distance).

[0070] As used herein, “can” or “may” or derivations thereof are used for descriptive purposes only and is understood to be synonymous and / or interchangeable with “configured to” when defining the metes and bounds of the system.

[0071] In addition, the term “configured to” means that the limitations recited in the specification and / or the claims must be arranged in such a way to perform the recited function: “configured to” excludes structures in the art that are “capable of’ being modified to perform the recited function but the disclosures associated with the art have no explicit teachings to do so. For example, a recitation of a “container configured to receive a fluid from structure X at an upper portion and deliver fluid from a lower portion to structure Y” is limited to systems where structure X, structureAttorney Docket No. 159475-042202 / PCTY, and the container are all disclosed as arranged to perform the recited function. The recitation “configured to” excludes elements that may be “capable of’ performing the recited function simply by virtue of their construction but associated disclosures (or lack thereof) provide no teachings to make such a modification to meet the functional limitations between all structures recited.

[0072] It is understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for description and should not be regarded as limiting. The use of “including,” “comprising,” or “having” and variations thereof herein is meant to encompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as well as additional items. Unless specified or limited otherwise, the terms “mounted,” “connected,” “supported,” and “coupled” and variations thereof are used broadly and encompass both direct and indirect mountings, connections, supports, and couplings. Further, “connected” and “coupled” are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections or couplings.

[0073] The previous detailed description is to be read with reference to the figures, in which like elements in different figures have like reference numerals. The figures, which are not necessarily to scale, depict some embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of embodiments of the system.

[0074] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that while the system has been described above in connection with particular embodiments and examples, the system is not necessarily so limited, and that numerous other embodiments, examples, uses, modifications and departures from the embodiments, examples and uses are intended to be encompassed by the claims attached hereto. The entire disclosure of each patent and publication cited herein is incorporated by reference, as if each such patent or publication were individually incorporated by reference herein. Various features and advantages of the system are set forth in the following claims.

Claims

Attorney Docket No. 159475-042202 / PCTWe claim:

1. A system comprising: a filter container comprising: a housing, one or more screens, a stratified media bed, a filtered fluid conduit, and a filtered fluid outlet; wherein the housing includes the one or more screens configured to permit ingress of ambient fluid while excluding suspended solids; wherein the filtered fluid conduit is positioned within the housing and coupled to the filtered fluid outlet; and wherein the stratified media bed surrounds at least a portion of the filtered fluid conduit; and wherein the filtered fluid conduit is configured to convey filtered fluid from the stratified media bed to the filtered fluid outlet.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the stratified media bed comprising a first filter media, a second filter media, and a third filter media arranged from outside to inside.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the first filter media comprises a first gravel layer.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the second filter media comprises a sand layer.Attorney Docket No. 159475-042202 / PCT5. The system of claim 4, wherein the third filter media comprises a second gravel layer comprises a transition gravel layer that is configured to prevent migration of the second filter media into the filtered fluid conduit.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the filter container is configured to maintain an approach velocity at the one or more screens within a range selected to minimize impingement and entrainment of marine organisms.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the filter container includes one or more baffles are configured to stabilize flow distribution.

8. The system of claim 1, further comprising a container isolation valve configured to selectively block or permit flow between the filter container and a feed conduit.

9. The system of claim 1, further comprising a manifold configured to hydraulically interconnect a plurality of filter containers and to consolidate flow toward a common discharge point.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the manifold comprises feed conduit isolation valves configured to selectively isolate individual filter containers without interrupting flow through remaining filter containers.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the filter container is between 15 and 40 feet in length.Attorney Docket No. 159475-042202 / PCT12. The system of claim 1 1, wherein the filter container is between 5 to 15 feet in height.

13. The system of claim 12, further comprising a plurality of filter containers coupled to a manifold.

14. The system of claim 13, further comprising a protective barrier configured to enclose the plurality of filter containers and shield the plurality of filter containers from hydrodynamic forces, debris, and marine activity while permitting ambient water exchange.

15. The system of claim 14, where the manifold is coupled to a feedwater conduit.

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