Fluid heater

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention is a fluid heater. The fluid heater comprises: a cavity and a heating plate, wherein the cavity is fixedly connected to the heating plate to form a fluid space through which a fluid flows, the cavity is provided with an inlet opening and an outlet opening, and has a water intake main flow channel and a water output main flow channel integrally formed thereon, the water intake main flow channel is in communication with the inlet opening, and the water output main flow channel is in communication with the outlet opening; a water intake pipe, which is inserted into the water intake main flow channel through the inlet opening; and a water output pipe, which is inserted into the water output main flow channel through the outlet opening. The present invention solves the technical problem of poor heat transfer effect of existing fluid heaters.

Description

Fluid heater TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fluid heating, and in particular to a fluid heater for heating water or water-based fluid in a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] A fluid heater is a device for heating fluid, widely used in industrial and consumer fields, especially in the cooling system and heating system of a vehicle. In the prior art, Chinese patent application CN112815519A and German patent application DE102020131023A1 have proposed design schemes for fluid heaters. These schemes achieve higher heat transfer efficiency, but also increase the complexity and cost of manufacturing, especially when additional flow guides or other structural components are introduced. Therefore, the prior art still has technical problems to be solved in terms of how to improve the heat transfer performance while simplifying the structural design and reducing the manufacturing cost.

[0003] At present, there is no effective solution to the above problems. SUMMARY

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a fluid heater to at least solve the technical problem of poor heat transfer effect of the existing fluid heater.

[0005] According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a fluid heater is provided, comprising: a cavity and a heating plate, wherein the cavity and the heating plate are fixedly connected to form a fluid space through which fluid flows, the cavity is provided with an inlet opening and an outlet opening, and is integrally formed with a water inlet main flow channel and a water outlet main flow channel, the water inlet main flow channel communicates with the inlet opening, and the water outlet main flow channel communicates with the outlet opening; a water inlet pipe is inserted into the water inlet main flow channel through the inlet opening; and a water outlet pipe is inserted into the water outlet main flow channel through the outlet opening.

[0006] In the embodiments of the present application, the fluid heater comprises: a cavity and a heating plate, wherein the cavity and the heating plate are fixedly connected to form a fluid space through which fluid flows, the cavity is provided with an inlet opening and an outlet opening, and is integrally formed with a water inlet main flow channel and a water outlet main flow channel, the water inlet main flow channel communicates with the inlet opening, and the water outlet main flow channel communicates with the outlet opening; a water inlet pipe is inserted into the water inlet main flow channel through the inlet opening; and a water outlet pipe is inserted into the water outlet main flow channel through the outlet opening. Through the above structure, the technical problem of poor heat transfer effect of the existing fluid heater is solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0007] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:

[0008] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a fluid heater according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0009] FIG. 2 is a structural view of a cavity of a fluid heater according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0010] FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a fluid heater according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0011] FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a fluid heater according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0012] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a water inlet pipe having various shapes of flow passage according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] FIG. 6 is a structural view of a water inlet pipe having a flow passage and a flow passage simultaneously as a flow passage according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0014] FIG. 7 is a partial structural view of a fluid heater having a through hole of a water temperature sensor as a flow passage according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0015] FIG. 8 is a structural view of a water inlet pipe of a fluid heater according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a first fluid passage and a second fluid passage of a fluid heater according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] FIG. 10 is a flow schematic view of a first fluid passage of a fluid heater according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] FIG. 11 is a perspective view of another fluid heater with a heating plate removed according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] In the above-described drawings, reference numerals include the following:

[0020] 1, cavity; 2, water inlet pipe; 3, water outlet pipe; 4, heat exchange component; 5, heating plate; 11, inlet opening; 12, outlet opening; 13, water inlet main flow channel; 14, water outlet main flow channel; 2a, water inlet pipe flange; 2a1, water inlet pipe flange positioning surface; 3a, water outlet pipe flange; 2b, water inlet branch; 3b, water outlet branch; 2c, water outlet; 3c, water inlet; 2e, water inlet pipe connecting part; 3e, water outlet pipe connecting part; 2f, water inlet pipe branch part; 3f, water outlet pipe branch part; 13a, water inlet pipe accommodating cavity; 14a, water outlet pipe accommodating cavity; 13b, water inlet flow guide cavity; 14b, water outlet flow guide cavity; 7, first fluid diversion area; 8, internal flow channel of heat exchange component; 9, second fluid diversion area; 2g, through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0022] The embodiment of the present application provides a fluid heater, as shown in Figures 1 to 10, which comprises a cavity 1, a water inlet pipe 2, a water outlet pipe 3, a heat exchange component 4 and a heating plate 5. The cavity 1 is formed by stamping and is integrally welded and connected with the water inlet pipe 2, the water outlet pipe 3, the heat exchange component 4 and the heating plate 5; the water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe 3 are respectively installed in position through the water inlet pipe flange positioning surface 2a1 of the water inlet pipe flange 2a and the water outlet pipe flange positioning surface of the water outlet pipe flange 3a; the heating plate 5 is a metal plate, and the side thereof away from the heat exchange component 4 carries a heating element for electric heating. The water inlet pipe 2 is inserted into and fixed in the water inlet main flow channel 13 through the inlet opening 11; the water outlet pipe 3 is inserted into and fixed in the water outlet main flow channel 14 through the outlet opening 12. The heat exchange component 4 is arranged in the sealed fluid space formed between the cavity 1 and the heating plate 5. The above structure enables the heat exchange component 4 to be arranged between the water inlet main flow channel 13, the water outlet main flow channel 14 and the heating plate 5 which are integrally formed at the bottom of the cavity 1, so that the water inlet main flow channel 13 and the water outlet main flow channel 14 are located on one side of the heat exchange component 4. Compared with the arrangement mode in the prior art in which the water inlet and outlet main flow channels of the heater product are usually located on both sides of the heat exchange component, the laminated structure of the present application can effectively reduce the horizontal projection area of the heater, thereby realizing the miniaturization of the fluid heater product and improving the power density per unit area thereof.

[0023] The cavity 1 will be described in detail below.

[0024] Referring to FIGS. 1-4, the cavity 1 is generally rectangular in shape, and has an inlet opening 11 and an outlet opening 12 formed therein for the input and output of fluid, respectively. The cavity 1 is integrally formed with a water inlet main flow channel 13 and a water outlet main flow channel 14, the water inlet main flow channel 13 being in communication with the inlet opening 11, and the water outlet main flow channel 14 being in communication with the outlet opening 12. The water inlet main flow channel 13 and the water outlet main flow channel 14 extend along the outer edges of the cavity 1 from the inlet opening 11 and the outlet opening 12, respectively, to the opposite sides of the inlet opening 11 and the outlet opening 12. The water inlet main flow channel 13 and the water outlet main flow channel 14 are recessed in a direction away from the heating plate 5 to ensure effective fluid flow and heat exchange within the cavity 1.

[0025] The water inlet main flow channel 13 includes a water inlet pipe accommodating cavity 13a for accommodating and securing the water inlet pipe 2, and a water inlet flow guiding cavity 13b for guiding the fluid flowing out of the water outlet 2c of the water inlet pipe 2 in a direction away from the inlet opening 11. The fluid passage formed by the water inlet flow guiding cavity 13b has a first cross-sectional width near the water outlet 2c of the water inlet pipe 2, and gradually decreases in a direction away from the water outlet 2c to a second cross-sectional width smaller than the first cross-sectional width. The change in the cross-sectional area of the water inlet flow guiding cavity 13b allows the distribution of the remaining flow after the radial distribution of the water inlet pipe.

[0026] The water outlet main flow channel 14 includes a water outlet pipe accommodating cavity 14a for accommodating and securing the water outlet pipe 3, and a water outlet flow guiding cavity 14b for guiding the fluid flowing through the internal flow channel 8 of the heat exchange component and the water inlet flow guiding cavity 13b to the water inlet 3c of the water outlet pipe 3. Similarly, the fluid passage formed by the water outlet flow guiding cavity 14b has a third cross-sectional width near the water inlet 3c of the water outlet pipe 3, and gradually decreases in a direction away from the water inlet 3c to a fourth cross-sectional width smaller than the third cross-sectional width.

[0027] The water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe 3 will be described in detail below.

[0028] Referring to FIGS. 3-8, the water inlet pipe 2 includes a water inlet pipe connecting portion 2e, a water inlet pipe flow distribution portion 2f, and a water inlet pipe flange 2a provided on the outer periphery of the water inlet pipe connecting portion 2e and the water inlet pipe flow distribution portion 2f. The water inlet pipe connecting portion 2e is provided on the outside of the cavity 1 for connecting to an external water inlet pipe, and the water inlet pipe flow distribution portion 2f is provided in the water inlet pipe accommodating cavity 13a of the water inlet main flow channel 13 of the cavity 1.

[0029] The water outlet pipe 3 comprises a water outlet pipe connecting portion 3e, a water outlet pipe diversion portion 3f, and a water outlet pipe flange 3a provided on the outer periphery of the pipe wall between the water outlet pipe connecting portion 3e and the water outlet pipe diversion portion 3f. The water outlet pipe connecting portion 3e is arranged outside the cavity 1 and is used to connect an external water outlet pipe; the water outlet pipe diversion portion 3f is arranged in the water outlet pipe accommodating cavity 14a of the water outlet main flow channel 14 of the cavity 1.

[0030] The flange positioning surfaces of the water inlet pipe flange 2a and the water outlet pipe flange 3a close to the side of the cavity 1 are in contact with and sealingly connected to the cavity 1. The water inlet pipe flange 2a and the water inlet pipe 2 can be integrally formed or combined as a whole by separate parts, and similarly, the water outlet pipe flange 3a and the water outlet pipe 3 can be integrally formed or combined as a whole by separate parts. The water inlet pipe flange 2a and the water outlet pipe flange 3a serve to determine the length of the water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe 3 extending into the main water channel and provide welding support for the water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe 3.

[0031] One of the outer side surfaces of the water inlet pipe diversion portion 2f of the water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe diversion portion 3f of the water outlet pipe 3 is at least partially in contact with and fixed to the inner side surface of the cavity 1, so that the connection strength of the water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe 3 to the cavity 1 can be increased; in addition, the other outer side surface of the water inlet pipe diversion portion 2f of the water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe diversion portion 3f of the water outlet pipe 3 is at least partially in contact with and brazing-fixed to one side surface of the heat exchange component 4, so that the heat exchange component 4 can be provided with a limit and pressure, and the welding rate of the heat exchange component 4 to the heating plate 5 during brazing fixation can be improved.

[0032] With reference to FIGS. 5 to 8, taking the water inlet pipe as an example, at least one diversion port 2b is provided on the pipe wall of the water inlet pipe diversion portion 2f. In some embodiments, the diversion port 2b can be a flow-through port penetrating through the pipe wall of the water inlet pipe diversion portion 2f, and is used to divert the fluid flowing through the water inlet pipe 2 to the first fluid channel (to be described in detail below). Specifically, the diversion port 2b can be provided on the outer side pipe wall of the water inlet pipe diversion portion 2f, as shown in FIGS. 5(a), (b), and (c). Similarly, at least one diversion port 3c can also be provided on the pipe wall of the water outlet pipe diversion portion 3f, and is used to divert the fluid guided by the first fluid channel to the water outlet pipe 3. Specifically, the diversion port 3c can be provided on the outer side pipe wall of the water outlet pipe diversion portion 3f. The shape of the diversion port 2b or the diversion port 3b can be a round hole, an oval hole, a waist-shaped hole, or other special-shaped holes. Through such a structure, the fluid flow path can be extended, the heat exchange amount of the fluid with the heat exchange component 4 can be increased, and the flow distribution of the fluid flowing through the water inlet pipe 2 and / or the water outlet pipe 3 can be performed.

[0033] In other embodiments, the diversion port 2b can be provided on the lower side wall of the water inlet pipe diversion portion 2f in addition to being provided on the outer side wall of the water inlet pipe diversion portion 2f, as shown in (d) of FIG. 5. Similarly, the diversion port 3b can be provided on the lower side wall of the water outlet pipe diversion portion 3f in addition to being provided on the outer side wall of the water outlet pipe diversion portion 3f close to the side edge of the cavity 1.

[0034] In the case where the diversion port 2b and / or the diversion port 3b is a flow-through port penetrating the wall of the water inlet pipe diversion portion 2f and / or the water outlet pipe diversion portion 3f, the flow rate of the fluid flowing through the flow-through port can be changed by setting at least one of the following characteristics of the flow-through port: the position of the flow-through port, the number of flow-through ports, the shape of the flow-through port, the opening direction of the flow-through port, and the opening area of the flow-through port. For example, if uniform distribution of the flow rate is to be achieved, it is necessary to gradually increase the radial flow along the fluid flow direction of the water inlet pipe 2, and in order to achieve the above function, the opening width along the fluid flow direction can be gradually increased by a single flow-through port, as shown in (c) or (d) of FIG. 5, or the number of diversion ports can be gradually increased and / or the distance between the diversion ports can be gradually reduced along the fluid flow direction, as shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 5.

[0035] In other embodiments, taking the water inlet pipe 2 as an example, as shown in FIG. 6, at least one diversion port 2b of the water inlet pipe diversion portion 2f is a diversion cutout formed on the water inlet pipe diversion portion 2f, which is open at one end of the water outlet port 2c of the water inlet pipe diversion portion 2f and extends obliquely to one side wall of the water inlet pipe diversion portion 2f. At the same time, a diversion port 2b in the form of a flow-through port is provided on the wall of the water inlet pipe diversion portion 2f to achieve faster diversion. In other embodiments, only a diversion port 2b in the form of a diversion cutout can be provided on the wall of the water inlet pipe diversion portion 2f without providing a diversion port in the form of a flow-through port. Similarly, at least one diversion port 3b of the water outlet pipe diversion portion 3f is a diversion cutout formed on the water outlet pipe diversion portion 3f, which is open at one end of the water inlet port 3c of the water outlet pipe diversion portion 3f and extends obliquely to one side wall of the water outlet pipe diversion portion 3f. With such a structure, fast diversion or diversion can be achieved.

[0036] In addition to the diversion port / diversion port, as shown in FIG. 6, a through hole 2g for a temperature sensor to collect the temperature of the inlet water can be provided on one side wall of the water inlet pipe diversion portion 2f. Similarly, a through hole for a temperature sensor to collect the temperature of the outlet water can be provided on one side wall of the water outlet pipe diversion portion 3f.

[0037] In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the through hole 2g for temperature sensor to collect the temperature of the incoming water can also be used as a diversion hole to enable the fluid in the incoming water pipe 2 to flow into the first fluid passage through the through hole 2g. With this design, the temperature sensor installed on the temperature sensor mounting seat can detect the temperature of the fluid flowing in the incoming water pipe 2 in real time, thereby improving the accuracy of temperature collection. Similarly, the through hole for temperature sensor to collect the temperature of the outgoing water on the side wall of the outgoing water pipe diversion part 3f can also be used as a diversion hole.

[0038] The shape of the outgoing water pipe 3 and the corresponding diversion port can be the same as the structure of the incoming water pipe 2 shown in FIGS. 5-8. In other embodiments, the shapes of the incoming water pipe 2 and the outgoing water pipe 3 and the corresponding diversion ports can also be designed asymmetrically.

[0039] The fluid passages will be described in detail below. Referring to FIGS. 9-10, through the above structure, at least two fluid passages are formed in the fluid space of the fluid heater: a first fluid passage (red fluid passage in FIG. 9) and a second fluid passage (blue fluid passage in FIG. 9).

[0040] The first fluid passage at least includes: a first fluid turning area 7 around the pipe wall of the incoming water pipe diversion part 2f of the incoming water pipe 2, an internal flow channel 8 of the heat exchange component, and a second fluid turning area 9 around the pipe wall of the outgoing water pipe diversion part 3f of the outgoing water pipe 3. Among them, the first fluid turning area 7 is the space area formed between the pipe wall of the incoming water pipe diversion part 2f, the cavity 1, and the heat exchange component 4. The second fluid turning area 9 is the space area formed between the pipe wall of the outgoing water pipe diversion part 3f, the cavity 1, and the heat exchange component 4.

[0041] Preferably, the diversion port 2b is arranged on the outer side pipe wall of the incoming water pipe diversion part 2f, and the diversion port 3b is arranged on the outer side pipe wall of the outgoing water pipe diversion part 3f, in which case the first fluid passage is as shown in FIG. 10. In this case, the first fluid passage is in the longest state due to the opening direction of the diversion port 2b and the diversion port 3b being towards the outer side, which is conducive to more sufficient heat exchange between the fluid and the heat exchange component 4.

[0042] In other embodiments, the diversion port and the diversion port can also be arranged only on the lower side pipe wall of the incoming water pipe diversion part 2f and the outgoing water pipe diversion part 3f, in which case the first fluid passage is only the internal flow channel 8 of the heat exchange component.

[0043] The second fluid passage, as shown in FIG. 9, at least includes: a fluid passage formed by the water inlet guide cavity 13b, an internal flow channel of the heat exchange component 8, and a fluid passage formed by the water outlet guide cavity 14b. The above structure is adopted in the embodiment of the present application, the water inlet pipe 2 has a flow splitting function, and the water outlet pipe 3 has a flow guiding function, so that a separate flow guiding component is not needed. In addition, by arranging a separate flow splitting port / flow guiding port or a flow splitting port array / flow guiding port array in the water inlet flow splitting part of the water inlet pipe 2 and / or the water outlet flow guiding part of the water outlet pipe 3, the flow distribution between the first fluid flow channel and the second fluid flow channel can be flexibly realized. For example, uniform distribution or non-uniform distribution of the flow in each flow channel can be realized, so that the shape and arrangement of the heating element can be well matched. For another example, more flow can be distributed in a local position where the heating element has a relatively large power, so that the temperature of the heating element is more balanced, the thermal stress of the heating element is reduced, and the service life of the heating element and the heater is prolonged.

[0044] In addition, the internal structure of the heat exchange component 4 is described in detail in the Chinese patent application document with the publication number CN118158842A of the same applicant of the present application, and will not be described here again.

[0045] The flow path of the fluid heater will be described in detail below.

[0046] Referring to FIGS. 9 to 10, the water inlet pipe flow splitting part 2f of the water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe flow guiding part 3f of the water outlet pipe 3 respectively pass through the inlet opening 11 and the outlet opening 12 into the water inlet main flow channel 13 and the water outlet main flow channel 14. After the fluid enters the inside of the cavity 1 through the water inlet pipe 2, a part of the fluid forms radial flow through the flow splitting port 2b and flows to the vicinity of the water inlet pipe flow splitting part 2f, i.e., the first fluid turning area 7, so that the fluid can cover the edge area as much as possible. Then, the fluid enters the internal flow channel of the heat exchange component 8, reaches the vicinity of the water outlet pipe flow guiding part 3f, i.e., the second fluid turning area 9, and then flows out after entering the inside of the water outlet pipe 3 through the flow guiding port 3b. Another part, as shown in FIG. 9, forms axial flow along the axial direction of the water inlet pipe 2, i.e., enters the fluid passage formed by the water inlet guide cavity 13b, is guided through the gradually changing cross-sectional width of the water inlet guide cavity 13b, enters the internal flow channel of the heat exchange component 8, reaches the water outlet guide cavity 14b of the water outlet main flow channel 14, and finally flows into the water outlet pipe 3 through the water inlet port 3c of the water outlet pipe 3. The cross-sectional width of the water inlet guide cavity 13b and the water outlet guide cavity 14b can be changed to realize the flow distribution of the second fluid passage.

[0047] The fluid heater provided by the application can flexibly realize the restriction of the heat transfer fluid flow path and the distribution of the flow of each parallel flow channel, without increasing the number of components, thereby reducing the influence on cost and process complexity. Specifically, the water inlet and outlet pipes have the functions of flow splitting and guiding, without the need to increase separate flow guiding components. By providing a separate flow splitting opening or array of flow splitting openings in the flow splitting portion of the water inlet pipe and a separate flow guiding opening or array of flow guiding openings in the flow guiding portion of the water outlet pipe, the flow distribution of the fluid medium between the flow channels can be flexibly realized, for example, uniform distribution or non-uniform distribution of the flow of each flow channel. In addition, it can also be well matched with the shape and arrangement of the heating element, for example, more flow can be distributed at the local position where the heating element has a larger power, so that the temperature of each part of the heating element is more balanced, the thermal stress of the heating element is reduced, thereby prolonging the service life of the heating element and the heater.

[0048] The application further provides another fluid heater, as shown in FIG. 11, which is realized by only using the water inlet pipe flow splitting portion 2f of the water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe flow guiding portion 3f of the water outlet pipe 3. At this time, the flow guiding cavity is not arranged on the cavity 1, the water inlet pipe flow splitting portion 2f of the water inlet pipe 2 extends in the water inlet main flow channel to the other end of the cavity 1 away from the inlet opening, and the water outlet pipe flow guiding portion 3f of the water outlet pipe 3 extends in the water outlet main flow channel to the other end of the cavity 1 at the outlet opening.

[0049] In the application, the water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe 3 can be designed asymmetrically about the center line, and the extension lengths, positions, numbers and shapes of the flow splitting holes 2b and the flow guiding openings 3b of the two can be inconsistent.

[0050] In the embodiments of the application, the definitions of the terms such as water inlet, water outlet, inlet, outlet, flow splitting opening and flow guiding opening are determined based on the flow direction of the fluid. In actual application, the positions of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe can be interchanged, the positions of the inlet and the outlet can be interchanged, and the positions of the flow splitting opening and the flow guiding opening can be interchanged.

[0051] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the application and is not used to limit the application. For those skilled in the art, the application can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the application shall be included in the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A fluid heater characterized by, The fluid heater comprises: a cavity (1) and a heating plate (5), wherein the cavity (1) is fixedly connected with the heating plate (5) to form a fluid space through which fluid flows, the cavity (1) is provided with an inlet opening (11) and an outlet opening (12), and integrally formed with a water inlet main flow channel (13) and a water outlet main flow channel (14), the water inlet main flow channel (13) is in communication with the inlet opening (11), and the water outlet main flow channel (14) is in communication with the outlet opening (12); a water inlet pipe (2) inserted into the water inlet main flow channel (13) through the inlet opening (11); a water outlet pipe (3) inserted into the water outlet main flow channel (14) through the outlet opening (12).

2. The fluid heater of claim 1, wherein The fluid heater further comprises a heat exchange component (4) arranged between the cavity (1) and the heating plate (5), wherein the water inlet main flow channel (13) and the water outlet main flow channel (14) are located on one side of the heat exchange component (4).

3. The fluid heater of claim 2, wherein, The water inlet pipe (2) comprises: a water inlet pipe connecting portion (2e) arranged outside the cavity (1) and used for connecting an external water inlet pipeline; a water inlet pipe shunt portion (2f) arranged in the water inlet main flow channel (13) of the cavity (1), at least one shunt opening (2b) is arranged on the pipe wall of the water inlet pipe shunt portion (2f), and the at least one shunt opening (2b) is used for shunting fluid flowing in the water inlet pipe (2).

4. The fluid heater of claim 3, wherein The water outlet pipe (3) comprises: a water outlet pipe connecting portion (3e) arranged outside the cavity (1) and used for connecting an external water outlet pipeline; a water outlet pipe drainage portion (3f) arranged in the water outlet main flow channel (14) of the cavity (1), at least one drainage opening (3b) is arranged on the pipe wall of the water outlet pipe drainage portion (3f), and the at least one drainage opening (3b) is used for draining fluid flowing near the drainage opening (3b) into the water outlet pipe (3).

5. The fluid heater according to claim 4, wherein the at least one shunt opening (2b) of the water inlet pipe shunt portion (2f) is arranged on the pipe wall of the water inlet pipe shunt portion (2f); and / or the at least one drainage opening (3b) of the water outlet pipe drainage portion (3f) is arranged on the pipe wall of the water outlet pipe drainage portion (3f).

6. The fluid heater according to claim 4, wherein the at least one shunt opening (2b) of the water inlet pipe shunt portion (2f) is a shunt cutout formed on the water inlet pipe shunt portion (2f), the shunt cutout is open at one end of a water outlet opening of the water inlet pipe shunt portion (2f) and obliquely extends to one side pipe wall of the water inlet pipe shunt portion (2f); and / or the at least one drainage opening (3b) of the water outlet pipe drainage portion (3f) is a drainage cutout formed on the water outlet pipe drainage portion (3f), the drainage cutout is open at one end of a water inlet opening of the water outlet pipe drainage portion (3f) and obliquely extends to one side pipe wall of the water outlet pipe drainage portion (3f).

7. The fluid heater according to claim 4, wherein The shunt port (2b) and / or the drain port (3b) is a flow-through port penetrating the pipe wall of the water inlet pipe shunt portion (2f) and / or the water outlet pipe drain portion (3f), and the fluid flow through the flow-through port is changed by setting at least one of the following characteristics of the flow-through port: the position of the flow-through port, the number of flow-through ports, the shape of the flow-through port, the opening direction of the flow-through port, and the opening area of the flow-through port.

8. The fluid heater according to claim 4, wherein A water inlet pipe flange (2a) is arranged on the outer periphery of the pipe wall between the water inlet pipe connecting portion (2e) and the water inlet pipe shunt portion (2f), and the water inlet pipe flange (2a) is in contact with and sealingly connected to the water inlet pipe flange positioning surface (2a1) on the side of the water inlet pipe flange (2a) close to the cavity (1); and / or A water outlet pipe flange (3a) is arranged on the outer periphery of the pipe wall between the water outlet pipe connecting portion (3e) and the water outlet pipe drain portion (3f), and the water outlet pipe flange (3a) is in contact with and sealingly connected to the water outlet pipe flange positioning surface on the side of the water outlet pipe flange (3a) close to the cavity (1).

9. The fluid heater according to claim 8, wherein At least part of the outer side surface of the water inlet pipe shunt portion (2f) is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the cavity (1) and / or to one side surface of the heat exchange component (4); At least part of the outer side surface of the water outlet pipe drain portion (3f) is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the cavity (1) and / or to one side surface of the heat exchange component (4).

10. The fluid heater according to claim 4, wherein The water inlet main flow channel (13) comprises a water inlet pipe accommodating cavity (13a) for accommodating and / or fixedly connecting the water inlet pipe (2), and a water inlet flow guide cavity (13b) for guiding the fluid flowing out of the water outlet port of the water inlet pipe (2) to a direction away from the inlet opening (11); The water outlet main flow channel (14) comprises a water outlet pipe accommodating cavity (14a) for accommodating and / or fixedly connecting the water outlet pipe (3), and a water outlet flow guide cavity (14b) for guiding the fluid flowing through the water inlet flow guide cavity (13b) and the internal flow channel (8) of the heat exchange component (4) to the water inlet port of the water outlet pipe (3).

11. The fluid heater of claim 10, wherein, The fluid space at least comprises: A first fluid passage at least comprising: a first fluid turning area (7) around the pipe wall of the water inlet pipe (2), an internal flow channel (8) of the heat exchange component, and a second fluid turning area (9) around the pipe wall of the water outlet pipe (3); A second fluid passage at least comprising: a fluid passage formed by the water inlet flow guide cavity (13b), the internal flow channel (8) of the heat exchange component, and a fluid passage formed by the water outlet flow guide cavity (14b).

12. The fluid heater according to claim 11, wherein The first fluid diversion area (7) is a space area formed between the pipe wall of the water inlet pipe branch (2f), the cavity (1), and the heat exchange component (4); and / or The second fluid diversion area (9) is a space area formed between the pipe wall of the water outlet pipe branch (3f), the cavity (1), and the heat exchange component (4).

13. The fluid heater according to claim 10, wherein, The fluid passage formed by the water inlet flow guide cavity (13b) has a first cross-sectional width near the water outlet of the water inlet pipe (2), and gradually decreases to a second cross-sectional width smaller than the first cross-sectional width in a direction away from the water outlet; The fluid passage formed by the water outlet flow guide cavity (14b) has a third cross-sectional width near the water inlet of the water outlet pipe (3), and gradually decreases to a fourth cross-sectional width smaller than the third cross-sectional width in a direction away from the water inlet.

14. The fluid heater of any one of claims 2 to 13, wherein, Further comprising a heating element arranged on a side of the heating plate (5) away from the heat exchange component (4).

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