Isotropic composition with a nanoemulsion

Abstract

A cleansing composition comprises: 1 to 20% by weight of a surfactant, preferably, 3 to 18% by weight, more preferably, 5 to 15% by weight, even more preferably, 5 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the cleansing composition, wherein the surfactant comprises an anionic surfactant and a zwitterionic surfactant; 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.3 to 8% by weight, more preferably, 0.5 to 7% by weight of a polymeric structurant, based on the total weight of the cleansing composition; and 0.01 to 20% by weight, preferably, 0.1 to 8% by weight, more preferably, 0.25 to 5% by weight of a nanoemulsion.

Description

[0001] P0000816 CPL

[0002] 1

[0003] ISOTROPIC COMPOSITION WITH A NANOEMULSION

[0004] Field of the Invention

[0005] 5 Disclosed herein is an isotropic composition with a nanoemulsion. More specifically, disclosed herein is an isotropic cleansing composition with a nanoemulsion. The cleansing composition comprises a surfactant comprising an anionic surfactant and a zwitterionic surfactant. The cleansing composition comprises a polymeric structurant and a nanoemulsion.

[0006] 10 Background of the Invention

[0007] Skin moisturizing oils (including triglyceride oils and petrolatum) are often delivered from personal cleansing compositions such as shower gels, shower washes, facial cleansers, and hand cleansers and are designed to cleanse and moisturize skin in the form of droplets.

[0008] 15 U.S. Patent Nos. 5,584,293 and 6,066,608, both to Glenn, Jr., for example, disclose a moisturizing liquid personal cleansing emulsion with at least 10% lipophilic skin moisturizing agent droplets having a diameter of greater than 200 micrometers.

[0009] U.S. Patent No. 8,772,212 to Restrepo et al. discloses an isotropic cleansing composition

[0010] 20 containing a high level of petrolatum; greater than 50% by volume of the petrolatum particles have a diameter greater than 50, 100, 150 or 200 micrometers.

[0011] Another method of enhancing the delivery of a benefit agent (e.g., silicone) to the skin, for example, is through the use of cationic hydrophilic polymers such as, for example,

[0012] 25 hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium derivative of guar gum, sold under the name JAGUAR™ C-13-S (see U.S. Patent No. 5,500,152 to Helliwell). In this reference, silicone oil is a preformed emulsion with oil droplet size ranging from 0.1-1 micrometer (pm), with a mean particle size of 0.4 pm (there is no mention whether this refers to number average or volume average diameter of droplets). This kind of product tends to be smooth and aesthetically

[0013] 30 appealing. However, nourishing vegetable oils (triglyceride oils) and highly occlusive skin protectants, such as petrolatum, are typically preferred moisturizers from a cleansing composition.

[0014] A challenge with isotropic compositions is that they suffer from viscosity instability issues when

[0015] 35 blended with a nanoemulsion containing an oil for moisturizing benefits. Thus, there is an P0000816 CPL

[0016] 2 unmet need for a stable isotropic cleansing composition comprising a nanoemulsion of a beneficial oil.

[0017] Summary of the Invention

[0018] 5 Disclosed in various aspects are cleansing compositions.

[0019] A cleansing composition comprises: 1 to 20% by weight of a surfactant, preferably, 3 to 18% by weight, more preferably, 5 to 15% by weight, even more preferably, 5 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the cleansing composition, wherein the surfactant comprises an anionic surfactant and a zwitterionic surfactant; 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.3 to 8% by weight, more preferably, 0.5 to 7% by weight of a polymeric structurant, based on the total weight of the cleansing composition; and 0.01 to 20% by weight, preferably, 0.1 to 8% by weight, more preferably, 0.25 to 5% by weight of a nanoemulsion, based on a total weight of the cleansing composition.

[0020] 15

[0021] These and other features and characteristics are more particularly described below.

[0022] Detailed Description of the Invention

[0023] Disclosed herein is a cleansing composition that comprises a surfactant, a polymeric structurant,

[0024] 20 and a nanoemulsion. The cleansing composition is isotropic. Surprisingly, it was found that the cleansing composition comprising a polymeric structurant and a nanoemulsion does not suffer from the instability issues found in other isotropic cleansing compositions that include a nanoemulsion containing an oil for moisturizing benefits. Stated another way, the isotropic cleansing compositions disclosed herein are stable. Stability is measured through viscosity

[0025] 25 changes over time such that a viscosity of the cleansing compositions disclosed herein changes by less than or equal to 30%, preferably, less than or equal to 20%, more preferably, less than or equal to 10% after a two-week time period stored at 50°C measured using a Discovery HR-2 Rheometer using sand blasted plates having a 1000 micron gap, at 25°C and equilibrated for 30 seconds before the viscosity measurement and measured at a shear rate of 4 s'1. The preferred viscosity is 5000 centipoise (cP) to 15,000 cP.

[0026] The surprising benefit of combining the polymeric structurant and surfactants to achieve an enhanced viscosity and structuring stability leads to an astounding enhancement in both thickening effectiveness and in the ability to suspend materials (i.e. structuring strength). This

[0027] 35 combined effect allows for the development of stable formulations at significantly lower polymeric P0000816 CPL

[0028] 3 structurant levels compared to those polymer systems (e.g. llltrez 20 or other associative acrylic based thickening polymer) that lose viscosity in the presence of surfactants. Lower polymer levels offer a cost savings advantage for the cleansing composition formulation as well as the prevention of undesirable sensory effects that could result from higher concentrations of polymers. An

[0029] 5 additional benefit of the polymeric structurant used in the cleansing compositions disclosed herein is that it can be biodegradable. Biodegradability is desirable from an environmental and sustainability point of view. In an embodiment, the polymeric structurant used in the cleansing compositions disclosed herein is biodegradable.

[0030] The cleansing compositions disclosed herein can comprise 4.5 to 20% by weight of a surfactant, preferably, 5 to 18% by weight, more preferably, 5 to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the cleansing composition, including any and all ranges and values subsumed therein.

[0031] The surfactant comprises an anionic surfactant and a zwitterionic surfactant.

[0032] 15

[0033] The anionic surfactant can be present in an amount of 2.5 to 18% by weight, based on the overall cleansing composition, preferably, the anionic surfactant can be present in an amount of 3.0 to 10% by weight, based on the overall cleansing composition, more preferably, 3.5 to 8.0% by weight, based on the overall cleansing composition, including any and all ranges and values

[0034] 20 subsumed therein.

[0035] The anionic surfactant can include aliphatic sulfonates, such as a primary alkane (e.g., C8-C22) sulfonate, primary alkane (e.g., C8-C22) disulfonate, C8-C22 alkene sulfonate, C8-C22 hydroxyalkane sulfonate or alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonate (AGS); or aromatic sulfonates such as alkyl benzene sulfonate. The anionic surfactant can also be an alkyl sulfate (e.g., C12-C18 alkyl sulfate) or alkyl ether sulfate (including alkyl glyceryl ether sulfates). Among the alkyl ether sulfates are those having the formula:

[0036] RO(CH2CH2O)nSO3M

[0037] 30 wherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl having 8 to 22 carbons, preferably 12 to 18 carbons, n has an average value of at least 1.0, preferably less than 5, and most preferably 1 to 4, and M is a solubilizing cation such as sodium, potassium, ammonium or substituted ammonium. P0000816 CPL

[0038] 4

[0039] The anionic surfactant can be alkyl sulfosuccinates (including mono- and dialkyl, e.g., C6-C22 sulfosuccinates); alkyl and acyl taurates (often methyl taurates), alkyl and acyl sarcosinates, sulfoacetates, C8-C22 alkyl phosphates and phosphonates, alkyl phosphate esters and alkoxyl alkyl phosphate esters, acyl lactates, C8-C22 monoalkyl succinates and maleates, sulphoacetates,

[0040] 5 alkyl glucosides and acyl isethionates, and the like.

[0041] Sulfosuccinates may be monoalkyl sulfosuccinates having the formula:

[0042] R1OC(O)CH2CH(SO3M)CO2M; and amide-MEA sulfosuccinates of the formula:

[0043] R1CONHCH2CH2OC(O)CH2CH(SO3M)CO2M

[0044] 15 wherein R1ranges from C8-C22 alkyl or C8-C22 alkenyl.

[0045] Sarcosinates are generally indicated by the formula:

[0046] R2CON(CH3)CH2CO2M, wherein R2ranges from C8-C22 alkyl or C8-C22 alkenyl.

[0047] 20

[0048] Taurates are generally identified by formula:

[0049] R3CONR4CH2CH2SO3M

[0050] 25 wherein R3is a linear C8-C22 alkyl or a linear C8-C22 alkenyl or wherein R3is a branched C8-C22 alkyl or a branched C8-C22 alkenyl and, wherein R4is a linear C1-C4 alkyl or a branched C1-C4 alkenyl.

[0051] M is a solubilizing cation as previously described.

[0052] The cleansing composition disclosed herein may contain Cs-Cis acyl isethionates. These esters are prepared by a reaction between alkali metal isethionate with mixed aliphatic fatty acids having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms and an iodine value of less than 20. At least 75% of the mixed fatty acids have from 12 to 18 carbon atoms and up to 25% have from 6 to 10 carbon atoms. P0000816 CPL

[0053] 5

[0054] The acyl isethionate may be an alkoxylated isethionate such as is described in llardi et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,393,466, entitled "Fatty Acid Esters of Polyal koxylated isethonic acid; issued Feb. 28, 1995; hereby incorporated by reference. This compound has the general formula:

[0055] 5 R5C— (0)0— C(X)H— C(Y)H— (OCH2— CH2)m— SO3M wherein R5is an alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbons, m is an integer from 1 to 4, X and Y are each independently hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbons and M is a solubilizing cation as previously described.

[0056] In an aspect of the cleansing composition, the anionic surfactant used can be 2-acrylamido-2- methylpropane sulfonic acid, ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium perfluorononanoate, potassium lauryl sulfate, sodium alkyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium laurate, sodium laureth sulfate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium stearate, sodium cocoyl sulfate, sodium lauryl

[0057] 15 sulfate, sodium sulfosuccinate esters, sodium lauroyl isethionate, or a combination thereof. Such anionic surfactants are commercially available from suppliers like Galaxy Surfactants, Clariant, Sino Lion, Stepan Company, and Innospec.

[0058] The anionic surfactant can comprise glycinate, glutamate, isethionate, taurate, sulfate,

[0059] 20 sarcosinate, sulfonate, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the anionic surfactant is glycinate, glutamate, isethionate, taurate, sulfate, sarcosinate, sulfonate, or a combination thereof. For example, the anionic surfactant can comprise sodium lauroyl glycinate, sodium cocoyl glycinate, sodium lauroyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl glutamate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium methyl lauroyl taurate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, sodium laureth sulfate, sodium pareth sulfate, alpha olefin sulfonate (AOS), sodium lauryl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl ether sulfate, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the anionic surfactant is sodium lauroyl glycinate, sodium cocoyl glycinate, sodium lauroyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl glutamate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium methyl lauroyl taurate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, alpha olefin sulfonate (AOS), sodium lauryl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl ether sulfate, or a

[0060] 30 combination thereof.

[0061] Such anionic surfactants are commercially available from suppliers like Galaxy Surfactants, Clariant, Sino Lion and Innospec. Sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium methyl lauroyl taurate, sodium lauroyl glyconate, sodium methyl lauroyl isethionate, sodium laureth sulfate, sodium P0000816 CPL

[0062] 6 pareth sulfate, alpha olefin sulfonate (AOS), or a combination thereof can be the preferred anionics suitable for use when used in the cleansing composition.

[0063] In an embodiment, the anionic surfactant is sodium lauoryl isethionate, sodium methyl lauroyl

[0064] 5 taurate, sodium lauroyl ether sulfate (SLES), glutamate, alpha olefin sulfonate, or a combination thereof.

[0065] Amphoteric surfactants can be included in the cleansing compositions disclosed herein. Amphoteric surfactants (which depending on pH can be zwitterionic) include sodium acyl

[0066] 10 amphoacetates, sodium acyl amphopropionates, disodium acyl amphodiacetates and disodium acyl amphodipropionates where the acyl (i.e. , alkanoyl group) can comprise a C7-C18 alkyl portion. Illustrative examples of amphoteric surfactants include sodium lauroamphoacetate, sodium cocoamphoacetate, sodium lauroamphoacetate, or a combination thereof.

[0067] 15 Amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants can be present in the cleansing compositions in an amount of 2.0 to 10% by weight, based on the overall cleansing composition, preferably, 2.0 to 8.0% by weight, based on the overall cleansing composition, more preferably, 2.0 to 7.0% by weight, based on the overall cleansing composition, including any and all ranges and values subsumed therein.

[0068] 20

[0069] As to the zwitterionic surfactants employed in the present cleansing composition, such surfactants include at least one acid group. Such an acid group may be a carboxylic or a sulphonic acid group. They often include quaternary nitrogen, and therefore, can be quaternary amino acids. They should generally include an alkyl or alkenyl group of 7 to 18 carbon atoms and generally

[0070] 25 comply with an overall structural formula:

[0071] R6— [— C(O)— NH(CH2)q— ],— N+(R7)(R8)-A— B where R6is alkyl or alkenyl of 7 to 18 carbon atoms; R7and R8are each independently alkyl,

[0072] 30 hydroxyalkyl or carboxyalkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms; q is 2 to 4; r is 0 to 1 ; A is alkylene of 1 to 3 carbon atoms optionally substituted with hydroxyl, and B is — CO2— or — SO3 — .

[0073] Desirable zwitterionic surfactants for use in the cleansing composition disclosed herein and within the above general formula include simple betaines of formula: P0000816 CPL

[0074] 7

[0075] R6— N+(R7)(R8)-CH2CO2- and amido betaines of formula:

[0076] 5 R6_ CONH(CH2)t— N+(R7)(R8)-CH2CO2- where t is 2 or 3.

[0077] In both formulae R6, R7and R8are as defined previously. R6may, in particular, be a mixture of Ci2and C14 alkyl groups derived from coconut oil so that at least half, preferably at least three quarters of the groups R6have 10 to 14 carbon atoms. R7and R8are preferably methyl.

[0078] A further possibility is that the zwitterionic surfactant is a sulphobetaine of formula:

[0079] 15 R6— N+(R7)(R8)-(CH2)3SO3- or

[0080] R6_ CONH(CH2)U— N+(R7)(R8)-(CH2)3SO3- where u is 2 or 3, or variants of these in which — (CH2)3SO3_is replaced by

[0081] 20 — CH2C(OH)(H)CH2SO3-.

[0082] In these formulae, R6, R7and R8are as previously defined.

[0083] Illustrative examples of the zwitterionic surfactants desirable for use include betaines such as lauryl betaine, cocobetaine, cocodimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, cocoamidopropyl betaine, coco alkyldimethyl betaine, and laurylamidopropyl betaine. An additional zwitterionic surfactant desirable for use includes cocoamidopropyl sultaine, for example, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine. Preferred zwitterionic surfactants comprise lauryl betaine, sodium hydroxymethylglycinate, (carboxymethyl) dimethyl-3-[(1-oxododecyl) amino] propylammonium

[0084] 30 hydroxide, coco alkyldimethyl betaine, (carboxymethyl) dimethyloleylammonium hydroxide, (carboxymethyl) dimethyloleylammonium hydroxide, cocoamidopropyl betaine, (carboxylatomethyl) dimethyl(octadecyl)ammonium, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, ethanolamide, lauryl hydroxysultaine, or a combination thereof. Such surfactants are made commercially available from suppliers like Stepan Company, Solvay, Evonik and the like and it is P0000816 CPL

[0085] 8 within the scope of the cleansing compositions disclosed herein to employ mixtures of the aforementioned surfactants.

[0086] In an embodiment, the zwitterionic surfactant is lauryl betaine, cocobetaine, betaine citrate,

[0087] 5 sodium hydroxymethylglycinate, (carboxymethyl) dimethyl-3-[(1-oxododecyl) amino] propylammonium hydroxide, coco alkyldimethyl betaine, (carboxymethyl) dimethyloleylammonium hydroxide, cocoamidopropyl betaine, (carboxylatomethyl) dimethyl(octadecyl)ammonium, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, laurylamidopropyl betaine, lauryl hydroxysultaine, or a combination thereof.

[0088] Nonionic surfactants may optionally be used in the cleansing composition. When used, nonionic surfactants are typically used at levels as low as 0.5, 1 , 1.5 or 2% by weight and at levels as high as 6, 8, 10 or 12% by weight, including any and all ranges and values subsumed therein. The nonionic surfactants which can be used include in particular the reaction products of compounds

[0089] 15 having a hydrophobic group and a reactive hydrogen atom, for example aliphatic alcohols, acids, amides or alkylphenols with alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide either alone or with propylene oxide. Specific nonionic surfactant compounds are alkyl (C6-C22) phenols, ethylene oxide condensates, the condensation products of aliphatic (Cs-Cis) primary or secondary linear or branched alcohols with ethylene oxide, and products made by condensation of ethylene oxide

[0090] 20 with the reaction products of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine. Other nonionic surfactants include long chain tertiary amine oxides, long chain tertiary phosphine oxides, dialkyl sulphoxides, and the like.

[0091] In an aspect, nonionic surfactants can include fatty acid / alcohol ethoxylates having the following

[0092] 25 structures a) HOCH2(CH2)s(CH2CH2O)cH or b) HOOC(CH2)v(CH2CH2O)d H; where s and v are each independently an integer up to 18; and c and d are each independently an integer from 1 or greater. In an aspect, s and v can be each independently 6 to 18; and c and d can be each independently 1 to 30. Other options for nonionic surfactants include those having the formula HOOC(CH2)i — CH=CH — (CH2)k(CH2CH2O)zH, where i, k are each independently 5 to 15; and z is 5 to 50. In another aspect, i and k are each independently 6 to 12; and z is 15 to 35.

[0093] The nonionic surfactant may also include a sugar amide, such as a polysaccharide amide. Specifically, the surfactant may be one of the lactobionamides described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,389,279 to Au et al., entitled "Compositions Comprising Nonionic Glycolipid Surfactants” issued

[0094] 35 Feb. 14, 1995; which is hereby incorporated by reference or it may be one of the sugar amides P0000816 CPL

[0095] 9 described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,009,814 to Kelkenberg, titled "Use of N-Poly Hydroxyalkyl Fatty Acid Amides as Thickening Agents for Liquid Aqueous Surfactant Systems" issued Apr. 23, 1991 ; hereby incorporated into the subject application by reference.

[0096] 5 Illustrative examples of nonionic surfactants that can be used in the cleansing compositions disclosed herein include, but are not limited to, polyglycoside, cetyl alcohol, decyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside, octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether, n-octyl beta-d-thioglucopyranoside, octyl glucoside, oleyl alcohol, polysorbate, sorbitan, stearyl alcohol, or a combination thereof.

[0097] 10 In still another embodiment, the nonionic surfactant can be cocamide monoethanolamine (cocamide MEA), glyceryl monostearate and / or polyglycerol esters like polyglyceryl-8 caprylate, polyglycerol-8 caprate, polyglyceryl-8 myristate, polyglyceryl-8 palmitate, polyglyceryl-9 caprylate, polyglycerol-9 caprate, polyglyceryl-9 laurate, polyglyceryl-9 myristate, polyglyceryl-9 palmitate or a mixture thereof. When used, these nonionics often make up 0.01 to 2% or 0.02 to

[0098] 15 1.85% or 0.03 to 1.5% (or 0.03 to 1%) by weight of the cleansing composition. In another embodiment, the nonionic used is glyceryl stearate (i.e., glycerol monostearate) at levels from 0.01 to 0.5 or from 0.01 to 0.2 or from 0.01 to 0.07% by weight of the isotropic cleansing composition, including any and all ranges and values subsumed therein. In still another embodiment, the isotropic cleansing composition is free of nonionic surfactant, i.e. comprises

[0099] 20 0.0% by weight nonionic surfactant.

[0100] In an aspect, cationic surfactants can be used in the cleansing composition of the present application.

[0101] 25 One class of cationic surfactants includes heterocyclic ammonium salts such as cetyl or stearyl pyridinium chloride, alkyl amidoethyl pyrrylinodium methyl sulfate, and lapyrium chloride.

[0102] Tetra alkyl ammonium salts are another useful class of cationic surfactants for use. Examples include cetyl or stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride or bromide; hydrogenated palm or tallow

[0103] 30 trimethylammonium halides; behenyl trimethyl ammonium halides or methyl sulfates; decyl isononyl dimethyl ammonium halides; ditallow (or distearyl) dimethyl ammonium halides, and behenyl dimethyl ammonium chloride.

[0104] Still other types of cationic surfactants that may be used are the various ethoxylated quaternary

[0105] 35 amines and ester quats. Examples include PEG-5 stearyl ammonium lactate (e.g., Genamin KSL P0000816 CPL

[0106] 10 manufactured by Clariant), PEG-2 coco ammonium chloride, PEG-15 hydrogenated tallow ammonium chloride, PEG 15 stearyl ammonium chloride, dipalmitoyl ethyl methyl ammonium chloride, dipalmitoyl hydroxyethyl methyl sulfate, and stearyl amidopropyl dimethylamine lactate.

[0107] 5 Still other useful cationic surfactants include quaternized hydrolysates of silk, wheat, and keratin proteins, and it is within the scope of the cleansing composition to use mixtures of the aforementioned cationic surfactants.

[0108] If used, cationic surfactants will make up no more than 1.0% by weight of the cleansing composition. When present, cationic surfactants typically make up from 0.01 to 0.7%, and more typically, from 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of the cleansing composition, including any and all ranges and values subsumed therein.

[0109] The polymeric structurant can be present in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the

[0110] 15 overall cleansing composition, preferably, 0.3 to 8% by weight, based on the overall cleansing composition, more preferably, 0.5 to 7.0% by weight, based on the overall cleansing composition, for example, 1.0 to 5.0% by weight, based on the overall cleansing composition, for example, 1.2 to 3.0% by weight, based on the overall cleansing composition, including any and all ranges and values subsumed therein. The polymeric structurant enables viscosity build in the cleansing

[0111] 20 composition and with the combination of surfactants used herein surprisingly provides for enhanced viscosity, robust stable structuring in the presence of a nanoemulsion, and suspending ability (yield stress) in the cleansing compositions disclose herein.

[0112] In an embodiment, the polymeric structurant can comprise branched polysaccharides,

[0113] 25 polysaccharide particles, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the branched polysaccharide comprises Xanthan Gum, Diutan Gum, Welan Gum, similar branched polysaccharides, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the polysaccharide particles comprise microcrystalline cellulosic particles, fibrilized cellulose, citrus fiber, fibrilized polysaccharides, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the polymeric structurant is xanthan gum, Diutan Gum, Welan Gum, similar branched polysaccharides, polysaccharide particles, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the polysaccharide particles are microcrystalline cellulosic particles, fibrilized cellulose, citrus fiber, fibrilized polysaccharides, or a combination thereof. An average mean particle diameter of the polysaccharide particles as measured by light diffraction is preferably under 500 micrometers, more preferably under 200

[0114] 35 micrometers. P0000816 CPL

[0115] 11

[0116] The cleansing composition further comprises a nanoemulsion in an amount of 0.01 to 20% by weight based on the overall composition, preferably, 0.1 to 8.0% by weight of the overall composition, more preferably, 0.25 to 5.0% by weight of the overall composition, including any

[0117] 5 and all ranges and values subsumed therein.

[0118] The nanoemulsion comprises an internal oil phase and an external aqueous phase.

[0119] The internal oil phase of the nanoemulsion can comprise plant based hydrocarbon, triglyceride, petrolatum based hydrocarbon, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the nanoemulsion is plant based hydrocarbon, triglyceride, petrolatum based hydrocarbon, or a combination thereof. The choice of triglyceride and petrolatum helps impart nourishment, emolliency, and occlusivity to skin when the triglyceride and / or petrolatum deposit onto skin after the skin is washed with fully formulated cleansing compositions into which the nanoemulsions have been incorporated.

[0120] 15

[0121] Droplets of the nanoemulsions as disclosed herein, typically have volume average diameter size (D[4,3]) (also used interchangeably in and with terms “volume mean diameter” or “volume average size”) of 750 nanometers (nm) or less, preferably 100 nm to 500 nm, more preferably 150 to 300 nm, as measured with an art recognized Malvern Mastersizer. Rotor speed is often

[0122] 20 1 ,000 to 8,000 revolutions per minute (rpm), and preferably, 2,000 to 7,500 rpm, and most preferably, 3,000 to 7,000 rpm.

[0123] The triglyceride can comprise hydrogenated triglyceride, soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, coconut oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, grape seed oil, fish oil, or a combination thereof.

[0124] 25 Preferably, the triglyceride comprises hydrogenated triglyceride, soybean oil, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the triglyceride is hydrogenated triglyceride. In an embodiment, the triglyceride is soybean oil.

[0125] Examples of such petrolatum include VASELINE® petrolatum jelly from Unilever, white petrolatum USP from Calumet Penreco, Petrolatum G2212 and WHITE PROTOPET® 1S from Sonneborn.

[0126] The petrolatum can comprise hydrogenated plant-based oils, blends of plant-based liquid oil and naturally derived wax, plant-based butter, oligomers synthesized from plant-based compositions,

[0127] 35 or a combination thereof. The hydrogenated plant-based oils comprise fully hydrogenated oils P0000816 CPL

[0128] 12 with all double bonds saturated and partially hydrogenated oils with less than 100% of double bonds being saturated, via addition of hydrogen to the double bonds, preferably wherein the oils comprise soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, palm oil, olive oil, canola oil, jatropha oil, argan oil, castor oil, partially or fully hydrogenated mono-ester oil, or a combination thereof. In an

[0129] 5 embodiment, the oils are soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, palm oil, olive oil, canola oil, jatropha oil, argan oil, castor oil, partially or fully hydrogenated mono-ester oil, or a combination thereof.

[0130] The hydrogenated plant-based oils can be formed via addition of hydrogen atoms to the unsaturated bonds, such as double bonds, on the carbon chains of plant oils. The hydrogenated plant-based oils can be fully or partially hydrogenated, where the level of hydrogenation can be 1 to 100%, with 100% being fully hydrogenated. When all the unsaturated bonds become saturated, the plant-based oils become fully hydrogenated (i.e., 100% hydrogenated); when a portion of the unsaturated bonds become saturated, the plant-based oils become partially hydrogenated. The more unsaturated bonds that become saturated, the higher the melting point

[0131] 15 of the plant-based oils. The plant-based oils comprise triglycerides, such as soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, palm oil, olive oil, canola oil, jatropha oil, argan oil, castor oil, etc., and monoester oil, such as jojoba oil.

[0132] The blends of the plant-based oil and naturally derived wax can comprise (a) 25-95% by wt. of a

[0133] 20 pre-blended mixture composition of naturally derived hydrocarbon liquids comprising (1) squalene or other plant derived C15-23 alkanes; (2) mono-esters; (3) triglycerides or (4) a combination thereof; the oily liquids have a viscosity of 500 Pascal seconds (Pa s) or less at room temperature; and (b) 5 to 75% by wt. of a pre-blended mixture composition of a naturally derived structuring material comprising naturally derived plant and vegetable waxes; esters of naturally

[0134] 25 derived long chain (C16 to C34) fatty acids and long chain (C16 to C34) fatty alcohols; or a combination thereof.

[0135] The plant-based butter can comprise shea butter, mango seed butter, olive butter, almond butter, cocoa butter, coconut butter, macadamia butter, kokum butter, babassu butter, moringa butter,

[0136] 30 Jojoba butter, sunflower seed butter, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the plantbased butter is shea butter, mango seed butter, olive butter, almond butter, cocoa butter, coconut butter, macadamia butter, kokum butter, babassu butter, moringa butter, Jojoba butter, sunflower seed butter, or a combination thereof. P0000816 CPL

[0137] 13

[0138] The oligomerized plant-based compositions are oligomers containing 2 to 30 repeating units of triglycerides, esters, and terpenes etc., synthesized via various polymerization methods from plant-based compositions, fatty acids, fatty alcohols, or polyols. Hydrogenation or esterification can be carried out to tune the oligomerized plant oils. Naturally derived waxes can be added into

[0139] 5 these oligomers to adjust their thermal behavior or their texture. Examples of oligomerized oils include polycitronellol (Citropol H) and polycitronellol acetate (Citropol 1A) available from P2 Science, Inc.; hydrogenated soy polyglycerides available from Elevance Renewable Science, which is a polymerized soybean oil via self-metathesis followed by hydrogenation; BOTANIJELLY™ available from Cargill, made by esterification and polymerization of natural oils (e.g., BOTANIJELLY™ 105) (hydrogenated vegetable glyceride); CETIOL® SoftFeel available from BASF, which is C12-18 Alkanoyl Glycerin / Sebacic Acid Copolymer (e.g., CETIOL® SB45; butyrospermum parkii (shea) butter); Estolides or Estolide esters, a class of oligomers of unsaturated fatty acids (e.g. oleic acid) or hydroxy fatty acids (e.g., 12-hydroxystearic acid), with secondary ester linkages on the alkyl backbone, e.g., BIOESTOLIDE™ 1300 from Biosythetic

[0140] 15 Technologies, which is Acetyl Ethylhexyl Polyhydroxystearate. PELEMOL DISD available from Phoenix Chemical, which is the diester formed by the reaction of isosteryl alcohol and dimer dilinoleic acid to form Diisostearyl Dimer Dilinoleate.

[0141] The oligomers synthesized from plant-based compositions can comprise polycitronellol and

[0142] 20 polycitronellol acetate; hydrogenated soy polyglycerides; a C12-C18 Alkanoyl Glycerin / Sebacic Acid Copolymer; acetyl ethylhexylpolyhydroxystearate; Diisostearyl Dimer Dilinoleate, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the oligomers synthesized from plant-based compositions are polycitronellol and polycitronelloe acetate; hydrogenated soy polyglycerides; a C12-C18 Alkanoyl Glycerin / Sebacic Acid Copolymer; acetyl ethylhexylpolyhydroxystearate;

[0143] 25 Diisostearyl Dimer Dilinoleate, or a combination thereof.

[0144] The plant-based jellies can comprise a combination of any of the herein described plant-based jellies. For example, the plant-based jelly can comprise a combination of castor wax (e.g., castor wax MP-70 which is hydrogenated castor oil, castor oil, and trihydroxystearin) from ACME- Hardesty and soybean oil in a ratio of 1 :20 to 20:1 , for example, 1 :15 to 15:1 , for example, 2:10 to 10:2, for example, 2:7 to 7:2, for example, 3:6 to 6:3. In another example, the plant-based jelly can comprise a combination of hydrogenated vegetable glycerides (e.g., castor wax MP-70 which is hydrogenated castor oil, castor oil, and trihydroxystearin) from ACME-Hardesty and castor oil in a ratio of 1 :20 to 20:1 , for example, 1 :15 to 15:1 , for example, 2:10 to 10:2, for example, 2:7 to

[0145] 35 7:2, for example, 3:6 to 6:3. In another example, the plant-based jelly can comprise hydrogenated P0000816 CPL

[0146] 14 vegetable glyceride (e.g., BOTANIJELLY™ 105 from Cargill Company). In another example, the plant-based jelly can comprise a combination of hydrogenated vegetable glyceride (e.g., BOTANIJELLY™ 105 from Cargill Company) and moringa oil (available from Naturex) in a ratio of 20:1 to 1 :20, for example, 15:1 to 1 :15, for example, 10:1 to 1 :10, for example, 9:1 to 1 :9, for

[0147] 5 example, 2:8 to 8:2, for example 3:7 to 7:3. In yet another example, the plant-based jelly can comprise a combination of hydrogenated vegetable glyceride (e.g., BOTANIJELLY™ 105 from Cargill Company) and Vitamin E Acetate in a ratio of 20:1 to 1 :20, for example, 15:1 to 1 :15, for example, 10:1 to 1 :10, for example, 9:1 to 1 :9, for example, 2:8 to 8:2, for example 3:7 to 7:3. In another example, the plant-based jelly can comprise a combination of polycitronellol and

[0148] 10 euphorbia cerifera (candelilla) wax, e.g., commercially available from P2 Science Inc. as CITROLATUM™ C. In another embodiment, the plant-based jelly can comprise jojoba ester, e.g., commercially available from Floratech as FLORAESTER™ 30. In another example, the plant -based jelly can comprise a combination of butyrospermum parkii (shea) butter (e.g., CETIOL® SB 45 available from BASF) and hydrogenated castor oil in a ratio of 20:1 to 1 :20, for

[0149] 15 example, 15:1 to 1 :15, for example, 10:1 to 1 :10, for example, 8:1 to 1 :8, for example, 2:7 to 7:2, for example, 3:6 to 6:3. In another example, the plant-based jelly can comprise a combination of butyrospermum parkii (shea) butter (e.g., CETIOL® SB 45 available from BASF) and tri hydroxy stearin in a ratio of 20:1 to 1 :20, for example, 15:1 to 1 :15, for example, 10:1 to 1 :10, for example, 8:1 to 1 :8, for example, 2:7 to 7:2, for example, 3:6 to 6:3. In another example, the

[0150] 20 plant-based jelly can comprise a combination of moringa butter (e.g., available from Hall) and phytantriol (e.g., available from DSM) in a ratio of 1 :20 to 20:1 , for example, 1 :10 to 10:1 , for example, 1 :9 to 9:1 , for example, 1 :8 to 8:1 , for example, 1 :5 to 5:1.

[0151] All of the above-mentioned plant-based jellies and various combinations are preferred

[0152] 25 embodiments of the present nanoemulsions.

[0153] The external aqueous phase comprises water and a surfactant or surfactants. The surfactant or surfactants can be any of the surfactants disclosed herein. The surfactant or surfactants used in the nanoemulsion are different from the surfactants in the cleansing composition. Stated another

[0154] 30 way, the claimed surfactants are separate from those used in the nanoemulsion.

[0155] In an embodiment, the cleansing composition can be essentially 1 ,4-dioxane free, preferably the cleansing composition can be 1 ,4-dioxane free. In an embodiment, the cleansing composition is essentially 1 ,4-dioxane free, preferably the cleansing composition is 1 ,4-dioxane free.

[0156] 35 P0000816 CPL

[0157] 15

[0158] The cleansing composition can be formulated substantially free of at least one of sulfate based surfactants, dioxanes, parabens, hydantoins, phthalates, silicones, isothiazolines, polyacrylates, and micro-plastics.

[0159] 5 The cleansing composition can additionally include up to 30% by weight skin benefit agents, for example, 0.001 to 30% by weight skin benefit agents, including any and all ranges and values subsumed therein. The term “skin benefit agent” is defined as a substance which softens or improves the elasticity, appearance, and youthfulness of the skin (stratum corneum) by either increasing its water content, adding, or replacing lipids and other skin nutrients, or both, and keeps it soft by retarding the decrease of its water content. Included among the desirable skin benefit agents are emollients, including, for example, hydrophobic emollients, hydrophilic emollients, or blends thereof. Preferred benefit agents include moisturizers, emollients, sunscreens, and anti-aging compounds.

[0160] 15 Desirably the optional skin benefit agents used in the cleansing composition disclosed herein include niacinamide (vitamin B3), tocopherol (Vitamin E), aloe vera, alpha-hydroxy acids and esters, beta-hydroxy acids and esters, hydroxyethyl urea, polyhydroxy acids and esters, creatine, hydroquinone, t-butyl hydroquinone, mulberry, hyaluronic acid and salts thereof (including, but not limited to, Na+ and K+ salts of the same), liquorice extract, or a combination thereof. For

[0161] 20 example, the skin benefit agent can be sodium hyaluronate. Such benefit agents, including sodium hyaluronate can be present in an amount of 0.0001 to 10%, for example, 0.001 to 6.5%, for example, 0.01 to 3.5%, and for example, 0.01 % by weight, based on total weight of the cleansing composition including any and all ranges and values subsumed therein.

[0162] 25 Further optional water-soluble skin benefit agents include acids, such as amino acids like arginine, valine or histidine, or a combination thereof. Other vitamins can be used such as vitamin B2, picolinamide, panthenol (vitamin B5), vitamin Be, vitamin C, a combination thereof or the like. Derivatives (generally meaning something that has developed or been obtained from something else), and especially, water soluble derivatives of such vitamins can also be employed. For instance, vitamin C derivatives such as ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and ascorbyl glycoside may be used alone or in combination with each other. Niacinamide derivatives such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) may be used alone or in combination with each other. Other skin benefit agents that can be used include extracts like sage, aloe vera, green tea, sugar

[0163] 35 cane, citrus, grapeseed, thyme, chamomile, yarrow, cucumber, liquorice, rosemary extract, or a P0000816 CPL

[0164] 16 combination thereof. The total amount of optional water-soluble benefit agents (including mixtures) when present in the composition disclosed herein can be 0.0001 to 10%, preferably, 0.001 to 6.5%, and most preferably, 0.01 to 3.5% by weight, based on total weight of the cleansing composition, including any and all ranges and values subsumed therein.

[0165] 5

[0166] It is also within the scope of the cleansing composition to optionally include oil soluble benefit agents. Illustrative examples of the types of oil soluble benefit agents that can optionally be used in the cleansing composition disclosed herein include vitamins like vitamin A, D, E and K (and their oil soluble derivatives).

[0167] Other optional oil soluble benefit agents for use include resorcinols and resorcinol derivatives like 4-hexyl resorcinol, 4-phenylethyl resorcinol, 4-cyclopentyl resorcinol, 4-cyclohexyl resorcinol 4- isopropyl resorcinol, thiazolyl resorcinols (e.g., TH I AM IDOL®) including 4-thiazolyl resorcinol-2- amine and 4-thiazolyl resorcinol-2-amide, or a combination thereof. Also, 5-substituted

[0168] 15 resorcinols like 4-cyclohexyl-5-methylbenzene-1 ,3-diol, 4-isopropyl-5-methylbenzene-1 ,3-diol, combination thereof or the like may be used. The 5-substituted resorcinols and their synthesis are described in commonly assigned U.S. Patent No. 10,470,986 B2, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

[0169] 20 Another optional oil soluble benefit agent that can be used is a retinoic acid precursor. The retinoic acid precursor can be retinol, retinal, retinyl ester, retinyl propionate, retinyl palmitate, retinyl acetate, or a combination thereof. Retinyl propionate, retinyl palmitate, and combinations thereof are typically preferred. Still another retinoic acid precursor for use is hydroxyanasatil retinoate made commercially available under the name RETEXTRA® as supplied by Molecular

[0170] 25 Design International. The same may be used in a combination with any of the oil soluble benefit agents described herein.

[0171] In still another embodiment, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligand (“PPAR”) may be included in the wash composition. The PPAR used is preferably a lipid PPAR a (alpha) activator such as a C10-18 saturated fatty acid which is branched or derivatized (i.e., functionalized) with groups like hydroxy groups. The PPAR used can also include a C10-20 monounsaturated fatty acid and C10-22 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Corresponding alcohols, triglycerides and phospholipids of any of the noted PPAR acids can also be used in the cleansing compositions disclosed herein. These include petroselinic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, stearic acid, cis-parinaric acid, trans-7-

[0172] 35 octadecenoic acid, cis 5,8,11 ,14,17 eicosapentanoic acid, cis-4,7, 10, 13, 16, 19 docosahexenoic P0000816 CPL

[0173] 17 acid, columbinic acid, linolenelaidic acid, ricinolaidic acid, stearidonic acid, 2-hydroxystearic acid, 10-hydroxystearic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, cis-11 ,14-eicosadienoic acid, conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11) or (t10,c12), conjugated linoleic acid (50:50 mix of c9, t11 and t10 d 2), coriander acid, linolelaidic acid, monopetroselinic acid, ricinoleic acid, stearolic acid, or

[0174] 5 a combination thereof.

[0175] Additional PPAR alpha activator includes cis-11 , 14, 17 eicosatrienoic acid, cis-5 eicosenoic acid, cis-8, 11 ,14 eicosatrienoic acid, hexadecatrienoic acid, palmitoleic acid, petroselaidic acid, trans farnesol, cis 13, 16 docosadienoic acid, cis-vaccenic acid, cis-11 eicosenoic acid, cis-13,16,19 docosatrienoic acid, cis-13-octadecenoic acid, cis-15-octadecanoic acid, cis-7, 10, 13, 16 docosatetraenoic acid, elaidic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, geranic acid, geranyl geranoic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, petroselinyl alcohol, phytanic acid, pinolenic acid, tridecyl salicylic acid, or a combination thereof.

[0176] 15 A further suitable category of PPAR alpha activator includes plant extracts, such as biochanin A (red clover phytoestrogen), chromolaena odorata extract, pomegranate saponifiable hydrolysable extract, buglossoides (stearidonic plant extract), and zanthalene (extract from Sichuan peppercorn). Such PPARs are further described in U.S. Patent No. 6,423,325, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0177] 20

[0178] In a preferred embodiment, the PPAR selected is 12-hydroxystearic acid, stearic acid or a mixture thereof. When used, the PPAR may make up from 0.01 to 1.2%, or from 0.03 to 0.8%, or from 0.04 to 0.5%, or from 0.04 to 0.4% by weight of the isotropic cleansing composition, including any and all ranges and values subsumed therein.

[0179] 25

[0180] In another embodiment of the invention, the isotropic cleansing composition comprises a skin prolipid rejuvenating mix comprising a C14-16 fatty acid (preferably palmitic acid), glycerol, and PPAR such as 12-hydroxystearic acid, petroselinic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, stearic acid or a mixture thereof. When used, the weight percent of the skin prolipid rejuvenating mix, collectively, in the wash compositions is from 0.1 to 12%, or from 0.1 to 10%, or from 0.5 to 6.5% or from 0.6 to 2.5%, including any and all ranges and values subsumed therein.

[0181] In still another embodiment of the invention, the isotropic wash composition of the present invention can comprise at least one of S-adenosyl-L-methionine, a 1-alkyl nicotinamide having

[0182] 35 structure X, and a methionine having structure XI: P0000816 CPL wherein Rcis a C1-4 alkyl, preferably, methyl (N-methyl nicotinamide) and X is a negative counter ion, preferably, CI-, Rdis methyl, ethyl, propyl, hydroxymethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, preferably, methyl and Reis H, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, preferably, H (N-acetyl methionine). Such components are

[0183] 5 described in WO / 2021 / 008824A1 , the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. When used, from 0.0001 to 10% or from 0.001 to 8%, and most preferably, from 0.01 to 5% or from 0.01 to 3% or from 0.01 to 2% or from 0.01 to 1 % by weight of each of such ingredients are used. In even another embodiment, the isotropic wash composition can comprise acetyl cysteine at from 0.001 to 1 .8% by weight, based on the total weight of the cleansing composition, including any and all ranges and values subsumed therein.

[0184] Even other oil soluble benefit agents that can be used include omega-3 fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids, climbazole, magnolol, honokiol, farnesol, ursolic acid, myristic acid, geranyl geraniol, oleyl betaine, cocoyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline, hexanoyl sphingosine, 10- hydroxy stearic acid (10HSA),

[0185] 15 12- hydroxy stearic acid (12HSA), petroselinic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid, lauric acid, terpineol, thymol essential components, the dissolution auxiliary selected from limonene, pinene, camphene, cymene, citronellol, citronellal, geraniol, nerol, linalool, rhodinol, borneol, isoborneol, menthone, camphor, safrole, isosafrole, eugenol, isoeugenol, tea tree oil, eucalyptus oil, peppermint oil, neem oil, lemon grass oil, orange oil, bergamot oil, or a combination

[0186] 20 thereof.

[0187] When an optional (i.e., 0.0 to 1.5% by weight) oil soluble benefit agent is used in the cleansing composition, it typically is present in an amount of 0.001 to 1.5% by weight of the overall cleansing composition including any and all values and ranges subsumed therein, and for example, 0.05 to 1.2% by weight, for example, 0.2 to 0.75% by weight of the total weight of the cleansing composition including any and all values and ranges subsumed therein.

[0188] Other useful skin benefit agents include the following:

[0189] (a) silicone oils and modifications thereof such as linear and cyclic polydimethylsiloxanes; amino,

[0190] 30 alkyl, alkylaryl, and aryl silicone oils; P0000816 CPL

[0191] 19

[0192] (b) fats and oils including natural fats and oils such as jojoba, soybean, sunflower, rice bran, avocado, almond, olive, sesame, persic, castor, coconut, and mink oils; cacao fat; beef tallow and lard; hardened oils obtained by hydrogenating the aforementioned oils; and synthetic mono, di and triglycerides such as myristic acid glyceride and 2-ethylhexanoic acid glyceride;

[0193] 5 (c) waxes such as carnauba, spermaceti, beeswax, lanolin, and derivatives thereof;

[0194] (d) hydrophobic and hydrophilic plant extracts;

[0195] (e) hydrocarbons such as liquid paraffin, petrolatum, microcrystalline wax, ceresin, squalene, pristan and mineral oil;

[0196] (f) higher fatty acids such as behenic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, lanolic, isostearic, arachidonic and poly unsaturated fatty acids (PLIFA);

[0197] (g) higher alcohols such as lauryl, cetyl, stearyl, oleyl, behenyl, cholesterol and 2-hexydecanol alcohol;

[0198] (h) esters such as cetyl octanoate, myristyl lactate, cetyl lactate, isopropyl myristate, myristyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl adipate, butyl stearate, decyl oleate, cholesterol

[0199] 15 isostearate, glycerol monostearate, glycerol monolaurate, glycerol distearate, glycerol tristearate, alkyl lactate, alkyl citrate and alkyl tartrate;

[0200] (i) essential oils and extracts thereof such as mentha, jasmine, camphor, white cedar, bitter orange peel, ryu, turpentine, cinnamon, bergamot, citrus unshiu, calamus, pine, lavender, bay, clove, hiba, eucalyptus, lemon, starflower, thyme, peppermint, rose, sage, sesame, ginger, basil,

[0201] 20 juniper, lemon grass, rosemary, rosewood, avocado, grape, grapeseed, myrrh, cucumber, watercress, calendula, elder flower, geranium, linden blossom, amaranth, seaweed, ginko, ginseng, carrot, guarana, tea tree, jojoba, comfrey, oatmeal, cocoa, neroli, vanilla, green tea, penny royal, aloe vera, menthol, cineole, eugenol, citral, Citronelle, borneol, linalool, geraniol, evening primrose, camphor, thymol, spirantol, penene, limonene, and terpenoid oils;

[0202] 25 (j) polyhydric alcohols, for example, glycerine, sorbitol, propylene glycol, and the like; and polyols such as the polyethylene glycols, examples of which are: POLYOX™ WSR-205 PEG 14M, POLYOX™ WSR-N-60K PEG 45M, or POLYOX™ WSR-N-750, and PEG 7M;

[0203] (k) lipids such as cholesterol, ceramides, sucrose esters and pseudo-ceramides as described in European Patent Specification No. 556,957;

[0204] (l) vitamins, minerals, and skin nutrients such as milk; vitamin alkyl esters, including vitamin C alkyl esters; magnesium, calcium, copper, zinc and other metallic components;

[0205] (m) sunscreens such as octyl methoxyl cinnamate (PARSOL® MCX) and butyl methoxy benzoylmethane (PARSOL® 1789);

[0206] (n) phospholipids; and

[0207] 35 (o) anti-aging compounds such as alpha-hydroxy acids and beta-hydroxy acids. P0000816 CPL

[0208] 20

[0209] Preferred skin benefit agents include fatty acids, hydrocarbons, polyhydric alcohols, polyols, and mixtures thereof, with emollients that include at least one C12 to C18 fatty acid, petrolatum, glycerol, glycerin, sorbitol, and / or propylene glycol being of particular interest in one or more embodiments. The agents may be added at an appropriate step during the process of making

[0210] 5 the cleansing compositions. Some benefit agents may be introduced as macro domains.

[0211] The cleansing composition can further comprise a humectant. The humectant can be present in an amount of 0.1 to 15% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.75 to 8% by total weight of the cleansing composition, including any and all ranges and values subsumed

[0212] 10 therein. The humectant can be employed to assist in moisturization effects of the cleansing composition. The humectants can generally be polyhydric alcohol type materials. Typical polyhydric alcohols include glycerol (i.e., glycerine or glycerin), propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol (e.g., PPG-9), polyethylene glycol, sorbitol, hydroxypropyl sorbitol, hexylene glycol, 1 ,3-butylene glycol, isoprene glycol, 1 ,2,6-hexanetriol, ethoxylated glycerol,

[0213] 15 propoxylated glycerol, or a combination thereof. Most preferred is glycerin, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the humectant can be propylene glycol, butylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, glycerin, triethylene glycol, erythritol, capryl glycol, hyaluronic acid, polypropylene glycol-7 proypyl heptyl ether, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the humectant is glycerin and can be present in an amount of 0.1 to 1.0% by weight

[0214] 20 of the overall cleansing composition, preferably 0.25 to 0.75% by weight of the overall cleansing composition, more preferably, 0.4 to 0.7% by weight of the overall cleansing composition, including any and all ranges and values subsumed therein.

[0215] Other optional ingredients like antioxidants, polymers, colorants, deodorants, dyes, enzymes,

[0216] 25 foam boosters, germicides, anti-microbials, lathering agents, skin conditioners, stabilizers, or superfatting agents, may be added in suitable amounts in the process of making the cleansing compositions. Superfatting agents generally refer to oils, fats, fatty acids, fatty esters, fatty alcohols, and mild surfactants that can be used to create a luxurious feeling to an end user of the cleansing composition containing such superfatting agents.

[0217] 30

[0218] Additional optional ingredients which may be present in the cleansing compositions are, for example: fragrances; sequestering and chelating agents such as tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), ethane hydroxyl diphosphonate (EHDP), sodium phytate, tetra sodium glutamate diacetate and / or sodium gluconate diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid

[0219] 35 (DTPA), ethylene diamine disuccinic acid (EDDS), pentasodium diethylenetriaminepentaacetate, P0000816 CPL

[0220] 21 trisodium N-(hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediaminetracetate, an acid form of EDTA, sodium thiocynate, trisodium salt of methylglycinediacetic acid, tetrasodium glutamate diacetate and phytic acid, preferably wherein the chelating agent can be ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), ethylene diamine disuccinic acid (EDDS), or a

[0221] 5 combination thereof. Each of these substances may be present in an amount of about 0.03 to about 3% by weight of the overall cleansing composition including all values and ranges subsumed therein, preferably, about 0.1 to about 2.6% by weight, weight of the overall cleansing composition, including all values and ranges subsumed therein. Other optional ingredients include coloring agents; opacifiers, and pearlizers such as zinc stearate, magnesium stearate, titanium dioxide (TiO2), ethylene glycol monostearate (EGMS), ethylene glycol distearate (EGDS) or Lytron 621 (Styrene / Acrylate copolymer), and the like; pH adjusters; antioxidants, for example, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and the like; stabilizers; suds boosters, such as for example, coconut acyl mono- or diethanol amides; ionizing salts, such as, for example, sodium chloride and sodium sulfate, and other ingredients such as are conventionally used in cleansing

[0222] 15 compositions. The total amount of such additional optional ingredients is typically from 0 to 10% by weight, more particularly from 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the cleansing composition, including any and all ranges and values subsumed therein.

[0223] The cleansing compositions disclosed herein can be used to deliver antimicrobial benefits.

[0224] 20 Antimicrobial agents that can be included to deliver these benefits include oligodynamic metals or compounds thereof. Preferred metals are silver, copper, zinc, gold, or aluminum. Silver is particularly preferred. In the ionic form it may exist as a salt or any compound in any applicable oxidation state. Preferred silver compounds are silver oxide, silver nitrate, silver acetate, silver sulfate, silver benzoate, silver salicylate, silver carbonate, silver citrate, silver phosphate, or a combination thereof, with silver oxide, silver sulfate and silver citrate being of particular interest in one or more embodiments. In at least one aspect, the silver compound is silver oxide. Oligodynamic metal or a compound thereof can be included in an amount of 0.0001 to 2%, preferably 0.001 to 1 % by weight of the cleansing composition, including any and all ranges and values subsumed therein. Alternately, an essential oil antimicrobial active may be included in the

[0225] 30 cleansing composition. Essential oil actives which can be included are terpineol, thymol, carvacol, (E)-2(prop-1-enyl) phenol, 2-propylphenol, 4-pentylphenol, 4-sec-butylphenol, 2-benzyl phenol, eugenol, or a combination thereof. Furthermore, preferred essential oil actives are terpineol, thymol, carvacrol, thymol, or a combination thereof, with the most preferred being terpineol or thymol, or a combination thereof. When present, essential oil actives can be included P0000816 CPL

[0226] 22 in an amount of 0.001 to 1%, preferably 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of the composition, including any and all ranges and values subsumed therein.

[0227] Even other ingredients which may be used include octopirox (piroctone), zinc pyrithione,

[0228] 5 chloroxylenol, triclosan, cetylpyridinium chloride, or a combination thereof. If used, these other components typically make up from 0.001 to 1 .6% by weight of the overall cleansing composition including any and all values and ranges subsumed therein, and preferably, from 0.01 to 1.2% by weight of the overall cleansing composition including any and all values and ranges subsumed therein.

[0229] Preservatives can be used in the cleansing composition disclosed herein. When used, illustrative preservatives for use include sodium benzoate, iodopropynyl butyl carbamate (IPBC), caprylyl glycol (1 ,2-octane diol), phenoxyethanol, hydroxyacetophenone, ethylhexylglycerine, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, imidazolidinyl urea, sodium dehydroacetate, propanediol, dimethyl¬

[0230] 15 dimethyl (DM DM) hydantoin, alkyl esters of para-hydroxybenzoic acid, organic acids and salts thereof, hydroxyacetophenone, climbazole, propionate salts, a variety of quaternary ammonium compounds, benzyl alcohol, or a combination thereof. Other preservatives suitable for use include sodium dehydroacetate, chlorophenesin, and decylene glycol. GALGUARD® Lipo G (capryloyl glycine), commercially available from TRI-K is an amino acid based antimicrobial

[0231] 20 booster technology that can assist in preservation of the cleansing composition disclosed herein. Preservatives can be employed in amounts of 0.01% to 2.0% by weight of the total weight of cleansing composition, including any and all values and ranges and values subsumed therein.

[0232] The cleansing compositions can additionally comprise a viscosity adjusting agent. The viscosity

[0233] 25 adjusting agent can be a salt. The salt can comprise sodium chloride, potassium chloride, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the viscosity adjusting agent is a salt and the salt is sodium chloride, potassium chloride, or a combination thereof. The salt can be present in an amount of less than or equal to 1% of the overall cleansing composition.

[0234] The cleansing composition disclosed herein can further include an additional thickening agent. Particularly preferred additional thickening agents can include an anionic polymer-based thickener, preferably, for example, a polyacrylate based polymer or copolymer, or a combination thereof. Polysaccharides can be used. Examples include fibers, starches, natural / synthetic gums and cellulosics. Representative of the starches are chemically modified starches such as sodium

[0235] 35 hydroxypropyl starch phosphate and aluminum starch octenylsuccinate. Tapioca starch is often P0000816 CPL

[0236] 23 preferred, as is maltodextrin. Suitable gums include, sclerotium, pectin, karaya, arabic, agar, guar (including Acacia Senegal guar), carrageenan, alginate, and combinations thereof. Suitable cellulosics include hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, sodium carboxy methylcellulose (cellulose gum / carboxymethyl cellulose) and cellulose (e.g., cellulose

[0237] 5 microfibrils, cellulose nanocrystals).

[0238] Sources of cellulose microfibrils include secondary cell wall materials (e.g. wood pulp, cotton), bacterial cellulose, and primary cell wall materials. Preferably the source of primary cell wall material is selected from parenchymal tissue from fruits, roots, bulbs, tubers, seeds, leaves and combination thereof; more preferably can be selected from citrus fruit, tomato fruit, peach fruit, pumpkin fruit, kiwi fruit, apple fruit, mango fruit, sugar beet, beet root, turnip, parsnip, maize, oat, wheat, peas and combinations thereof; and even more preferably can be selected from citrus fruit, tomato fruit, or a combination thereof. A most preferred source of primary cell wall material can be parenchymal tissue from citrus fruit. Citrus fibers, such as those made available by

[0239] 15 HERBACEL® as AQ Plus can also be used as source for cellulose microfibrils.

[0240] As mentioned, synthetic polymers are effective thickening agents. This category includes crosslinked polyacrylates such as the Carbomers, polyacrylamides such as SEPIGEL® 305 and taurate copolymers such as SIMULGEL® EG and ARISTOFLEX® AVC, the copolymers being

[0241] 20 identified by respective INCI nomenclature as sodium acrylate / sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate and acryloyl dimethyltaurate / vinyl pyrrolidone copolymer. Another preferred synthetic polymer suitable for thickening is an acrylate-based polymer made commercially available by Seppic and sold under the name SIMULGEL™ INS100. Calcium carbonate, fumed silica, and magnesium- aluminum-silicate may also be used.

[0242] 25

[0243] Sodium hydroxypropyl starch phosphate, aluminum starch octenylsuccinate, tapioca starch, maltodextrin, agar gum, guar gum, carrageenan gum, alginate gum, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, sodium carboxy methylcellulose, cellulose, polyethylene glycol (e.g., polyethylene glycol diester stearic acid), or a combination thereof are further examples of additional thickening agents for use in the present cleansing compositions. Such thickening agents are commercially available from the Dow Chemical Company or the Hallstar Company.

[0244] Other optional ingredients include water soluble / dispersible polymers. These polymers can be

[0245] 35 cationic, anionic, amphoteric or nonionic types with molecular weights higher than 100,000 P0000816 CPL

[0246] 24

[0247] Dalton. They are known to increase the viscosity and stability of liquid personal cleansing formulations, to enhance in-use and after-use skin sensory properties, and to enhance lather creaminess and lather stability. When present, the total amount of such polymers commonly ranges from 0.1 to 10% by weight of the personal cleansing formulation, including any and all

[0248] 5 ranges and values subsumed therein.

[0249] Examples of water soluble or dispersible polymers include the carbohydrate gums such as cellulose gum, cellulose gel, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, guar gum, gum karaya, gum tragacanth, gum arabic, gum acacia, gum agar, or a combination thereof; modified and nonmodified starch granules and pregelatinized cold water soluble starch; emulsion polymers such as ACLILYN® 28, ACLIYLN® 22 or CABOPOL® Aqua SF1 ; cationic polymer such as modified polysaccharides including cationic guar available from Rhone Poulenc under the trade name JAGUAR® C13S, JAGUAR® C14S, JAGUAR® C17, or JAGUAR® C16; cationic modified

[0250] 15 cellulose such as UCARE™ Polymer JR 30 or JR 40 from Amerchol; N-HANCE® 3000, N- HANCE® 3196, N-HANCE® BF 13, N-HANCE® GPX 215 or N-HANCE® GPX 196 from Hercules; synthetic cationic polymer such as MERQUAT® 100, MERQUAT® 280, MERQUAT® 281 and MERQUAT® 550 sold by Nalco; cationic starches such as STALOK® 100, 200, 300 and 400 sold by Staley Inc.; cationic galactomannans such as GALACTASOL® 800 series by Henkel, Inc.;

[0251] 20 QUADROSOFT® LM-200; and Polyquaternium-24. Also suitable are high molecular weight polyethylene glycols such as POLYOX® WSR-205 (PEG 14M), POLYOX® WSR-N-60K (PEG 45), and POLYOX® WSR-301 (PEG 90M). Other preferred cationic polymers can also include hydrophobically-modified cationic conditioning polymers such as those made commercially available also by Dow® under the names SoftCAT™ SL 5, SoftCAT™ SL 30, SoftCAT™ SL 60,

[0252] 25 SoftCAT™ SL 100, SoftCAT™ SKMH, and SoftCAT™ SX1300H.

[0253] The cleansing compositions can be provided in a variety of different product forms including, for example, hand, face and body washes, shampoos, shower gels, and the like, e.g., antimicrobial product forms including, for example, hand, face and body washes, shower gels, bars, and the like. The formulations may be provided in bottles, pump dispensers, tubes, sachets, or other packaging suitable for the product form.

[0254] In use, the cleansing compositions can be diluted, as needed, to form aqueous cleansing compositions that are applied to the skin for contact times less than 1 minute, more particularly

[0255] 35 30 seconds or less (with contact times of 10 to 30 seconds being of interest with respect to contact P0000816 CPL

[0256] 25 times of a moderate to a relatively long duration and contact times of 10 seconds or less being of interest with respect to contact times of short to moderate duration) and thereafter are removed from the skin, typically by rinsing with water. The cleansing compositions can be diluted before, after or simultaneous with its being placed on the skin, with dilution typically occuring by the

[0257] 5 formulation being worked into a lather in the hands or on an applicator, such as a facecloth, sponge or pouf.

[0258] Inorganic salt is an optional but often desired ingredient to aid in composition thickening. Salts that may be used include sodium chloride (NaCI), potassium chloride (KCI), magnesium chloride (MgCh), calcium chloride (CaCh), combinations thereof, or the like. Typically, the inorganic salt makes up 0 to 10% by weight, and preferably, 0.001 to 12% by weight, more preferably, from 0.05 to 4.5% by weight, and even more preferably, 0.09 to 2% by weight of the cleansing composition, including any and all ranges and values subsumed therein.

[0259] 15 Additional polymeric viscosity aids are an optional but often desired ingredient in the cleansing composition. Preferred polymers are those generally classified as high molecular weight ethoxylated fatty acid esters. Illustrative examples include PEG 120 methyl glucose dioleate, PEG 18 glyceryloleate / cocoate, PEG 150 pentaerythritol tetrastearate, or combinations thereof, or the like. One polymeric viscosity aid is PEG 150 pentaerythritol tetrastearate which is sold under the

[0260] 20 VERSATHIX™ name by Croda. When used, such aids make up from 0.001 to 0.8%, and preferably, from 0.001 to 0.5%, and most preferably, from 0.001 to 0.3% by weight of the cleansing composition, including any and all ranges and values subsumed therein.

[0261] Viscosity, unless noted otherwise, was measured with a Discovery HR-2 Rheometer using sand blasted plates with a 1000 micron gap at 25°C and 30 second intervals and a shear rate of 4 s'1. The cleansing compositions disclosed herein had a viscosity change of less than or equal to 30% after two-week time period stored at 50°C measured using a Discovery HR-2 Rheometer using sand blasted plates having a 1000 micron gap, at 25°C and equilibrated for 30 seconds before the viscosity measurement and measured at a shear rate of 4 s'1.

[0262] 30

[0263] Furthermore, the cleansing composition can be stable down to a temperature of 5°C and have a viscosity drift of less than or equal to 30%, preferably, less than or equal to 20%, more preferably, less than or equal to 20% after exposure for 2 weeks 50°C. P0000816 CPL

[0264] 26

[0265] Adjusters to modify / buffer the pH may be used. Such pH adjusters include triethylamine, sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), hydrogen chloride (HCI), CeHsO? (i.e. , citric acid), C3H6O3 (i.e. , lactic acid), or a combination thereof. The pH adjusters are added at amounts to yield the desired final pH. The pH adjusters can include various alpha¬

[0266] 5 hydroxy acids or a combination thereof. For example, the pH adjusters can comprise the alphahydroxy acids of citric acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, or a combination thereof. The pH values can be assessed with commercial instrumentation such as a pH meter made commercially available from Thermo Scientific®. The pH adjusters can be present in an amount of 0.1 to 1.0% by weight of the cleansing composition, including any and all ranges and

[0267] 10 values subsumed therein, for example, 0.1 to 0.75% by weight of the cleansing composition, including any and all ranges and values subsumed therein.

[0268] A pH of the cleansing composition can be 3 to 9, preferably, 4 to 8, more preferably, 5 to 7.

[0269] 15 The cleansing compositions disclosed herein typically contain water in an amount of 20 to 95% by weight, more particularly 50 to 93% by weight, more specially, 60 to 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the cleansing composition, including any and all ranges and values subsumed therein. Such water contents are representative of a relatively broad range of formulations, including both concentrated and non-concentrates products, with formulations having water

[0270] 20 contents of 20 to less than 50% by weight of water being typical of concentrated products.

[0271] When making the isotropic cleansing compositions disclosed herein, the desired ingredients can be mixed with conventional apparatus under moderate shear and atmospheric conditions, with a temperature of 30 to 85°C whereby shear continues until a homogeneous product is recovered.

[0272] 25 As previously noted, occlusive having a droplet size of less than 1 micrometer is preferably provided as an ingredient as an emulsion with submicron droplets (i.e., nanoemulsion).

[0273] Except where otherwise explicitly indicated, all numbers in this description indicating amounts of material or conditions of reaction, physical properties of materials and / or use are to be understood

[0274] 30 as modified by the word “about.” All amounts are by weight of the final composition, unless otherwise specified.

[0275] Substantially free or essentially free as used herein refers to an amount of less than or equal to 100 parts per million in the cleansing composition, for example, less than 50 ppm in the cleansing

[0276] 35 composition, for example, less than or equal to 25 ppm in the cleansing composition, for example, P0000816 CPL

[0277] 27 less than or equal to 10 ppm in the cleansing composition, for example, less than or equal to 5 ppm in the cleansing composition, for example, less than or equal to 4 ppm in the cleansing composition, for example, less than or equal to 2 ppm in the cleansing composition, for example, less than or equal to 1 ppm in the cleansing composition, for example, less than or equal to 0.5

[0278] 5 ppm in the cleansing composition.

[0279] As used herein, “substantially free of” as it relates to sulfate (i.e., sulfate-based surfactants) means less than 3.0%, and preferably, less than 2%, and most preferably, less than 1%, even more preferably, less than 0.75% (or less than 0.5%) by weight of the cleansing composition. In an embodiment, substantially free of sulfate includes a wash composition with 0.0% (none) by weight sulfate-based surfactant (e.g., surfactant represented as alkyl-OSCh-). Regarding the non-sulfate-based ingredients that the cleansing compositions can be substantially free of (i.e., ingredients, like a hydantoin preservative, that are not sulfate containing surfactants like sodium lauryl sulfate), substantially free of means less than 0.8% by weight, and preferably, less than

[0280] 15 0.7%, and most preferably, less than 0.5%, (or less than 0.3% or less than 0.22% or less than 0.1% or less than 0.05%) by weight of the cleansing composition. As to the non-sulfate-based ingredients, substantially free of also includes 0.0% (i.e., none) by weight of the ingredient in the cleansing composition. With respect to all ingredients that the cleansing composition as disclosed herein may be substantially free of, it is within the scope to include 0.001 to 0.065% or 0.01 to

[0281] 20 0.045% by weight of such ingredients. Substantially free of as used herein is, for the avoidance of doubt, meant to mean as applied to each ingredient individually. In yet another preferred embodiment, the cleansing composition comprises less than 35 ppm, and preferably, less than 25 ppm, and most preferably, less than 15 ppm dioxane or less than 2 ppm or less than 1 ppm dioxane or less than 0.05 ppm or 0.0 ppm dioxane based on total dioxane in the wash composition

[0282] 25 where dioxane includes 1 ,4-dioxane.

[0283] It should be noted that in specifying any range of concentration or amount, any particular upper concentration can be associated with any particular lower concentration or amount as well as any subranges consumed therein. In that regard, it is noted that all ranges disclosed herein are inclusive of the endpoints, and the endpoints are independently combinable with each other (e.g., ranges of “up to 25% by weight, or, more specifically, 5% by weight to 20% by weight, in inclusive of the endpoints and all intermediate values of the ranges of 5% by weight to 25% by weight, etc.). “Combination is inclusive of blends, mixtures, alloys, reaction products, and the like. Furthermore, the terms “first”, “second”, and the like herein do not denote any order, quantity, or

[0284] 35 importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. The terms “a” and “an” P0000816 CPL

[0285] 28 and “the” herein do not denote a limitation of quantity and are to be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. The suffix “(s)” as used herein is intended to include both the singular and the plural of the term it modifies, thereby including one or more of the term (e.g., the film(s) includes one or more films).

[0286] 5 Reference throughout the specification to “one embodiment”, “one aspect”, “another embodiment”, “another aspect”, “an embodiment”, “an aspect” and so forth means that a particular element (e.g., feature, structure, and / or characteristic) described in connection with the embodiment or aspect is included in at least one embodiment or aspect described herein and may or may not be present in other embodiments or aspects. In addition, it is to be understood that the described elements may be combined in any suitable manner in the various embodiments or aspects.

[0287] All cited patents, patent applications, and other references are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. However, if a term in the present application contradicts or conflicts with a term

[0288] 15 in the incorporated reference, the term from the present application takes precedence over the conflicting term from the incorporated reference. While particular aspects have been described, alternatives, modifications, variations, improvements, and substantial equivalents that are or may be presently unforeseen may arise to applicants or others skilled in the art. Accordingly, the appended claims as filed and as they may be amended are intended to embrace all such

[0289] 20 alternatives, modifications, variations, improvements, and substantial equivalents.

[0290] For the avoidance of doubt the word “comprising” is intended to mean “including” but not necessarily “consisting of” or “composed of.” In other words, the listed steps, options, or alternatives need not be exhaustive.

[0291] 25

[0292] The disclosure of the invention as found herein is to be considered to cover all aspects as found in the claims as being multiply dependent upon each other irrespective of the fact that claims may be found without multiple dependency or redundancy. Unless otherwise specified, numerical ranges expressed in the format "from x to y" are understood to include x and y. In specifying any

[0293] 30 range of values or amounts, any particular upper value or amount can be associated with any particular lower value or amount. All percentages and ratios contained herein are calculated by weight unless otherwise indicated. The various features of the present invention referred to in individual sections above apply, as appropriate, to other sections mutatis mutandis. Consequently, features specified in one section may be combined with features specified in other P0000816 CPL

[0294] 29 sections as appropriate. Any section headings are added for convenience only and are not intended to limit the disclosure in any way.

[0295] Examples

[0296] 5 The following examples are merely illustrative of the cleansing composition disclosed herein and are not intended to limit the scope hereof.

[0297] The formulation ingredients and their respective amounts in a representative bodywash cleansing formulations used herein are summarized in Table 1 and Table 2. The control and inventive example formulations were prepared following the procedures described below.

[0298] Control formulation without xanthan gum / microcrystalline cellulose (XG / MCC): Water was added to a 200 milliliter (mL) beaker and was heated to 75°C using a digital hot plate fitted with a temperature probe and an overhead mixer for continuous stirring. At 75°C, taurate, isethionate,

[0299] 15 lauric acid, glyceryl stearate, stearic acid, and minors including preservative, fragrance, thickening agent, pH adjuster, salt, and benefit agents were added and mixed until the formulation became homogeneous. For those control formulations with carrageenan and / or guar gum, both polymers were added at 75°C. Glycerin was added after the formulation was cooled to approximately 60°C. Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) was then added at 55°C and the sample

[0300] 20 was neutralized with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to a pH of 6.9-7.0 at the same temperature. As the sample cooled down to 45°C, an opacifier was added. The pH of the formulation was again measured after equilibrating for 24 hours and any final pH adjustments, if needed, were done using pH adjusters such as NaOH or citric acid.

[0301] 25 Example formulation with XG / MCC: Water was added to a 200 mL beaker and was heated to 75°C using a digital hot plate fitted with a temperature probe and an overhead mixer for continuous stirring. At 75°C, a premix comprising glycerin, xanthan gum and microcrystalline cellulose (VIVAPUR® COS6) were added and mixed until the formulation was homogeneous. At 75°C, taurate, isethionate, lauric acid, stearic acid, glyceryl stearate, benefit agents, preservative, fragrance, thickening agent, and pH adjuster were added and mixed until the formulation became homogeneous. The remainder of the glycerin was added after the formulation was cooled to approximately 60°C. Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) was then added at 55°C and the sample was neutralized with NaOH to a pH of 6.9-7.0 at the same temperature. As the sample cooled to 45°C, an opacifier was added. The pH of the formulation was again measured after equilibrating

[0302] 35 for 24 hours and any final pH adjustments, if needed, were done using NaOH or Citric Acid. P0000816 CPL

[0303] 30

[0304] The viscosity of control and inventive example formulations prepared with the control and example surfactants were measured after equilibrating for 24 hours at room temperature using a TA instrument Discovery HR-2 hybrid rheometer fitted with a 40 millimeter (mm) parallel plate geometry. A sample was placed between the bottom plate of the rheometer, which is a Peltier 5 plate, and the top plate, which is a 40 mm sandblasted parallel plate. The measurement was carried out at 25°C, at a shear rate of 4 s_1, and a 1 mm measurement gap. The samples were equilibrated for 30 seconds, after which the viscosity was measured over a 30 second period. The average value over the last 15 seconds of measurement was reported herein as the sample viscosity value.

[0305] 10

[0306] Table 1 lists control (i.e., comparative) sample compositions, C1 to C6. Table 2 lists inventive sample compositions, Examples 1 to 3.

[0307] Table 1 : Control Sample Compositions

[0308] 15 *CAPB=cocamidopropyl betaine

[0309] Table 2: Inventive Example Formulations P0000816 CPL

[0310] 31

[0311] *MCC=microcrystalline cellulose

[0312] Table 3 shows the impact of the polymeric structurant, xanthan gum or microcrystalline cellulose, on the viscosity stability of personal care cleansing compositions (i.e. , bodywash formulations) 5 comprising nanoemulsions comprising varying oils.

[0313] Table 3: Impact of polymeric structurants on viscosity

[0314] As can be seen in Table 3, every control isotropic example lost nearly 100% of its viscosity after 10 2 weeks in storage at 50°C, while isotropic Examples 1 to 3 all not only retained their original viscosity levels, but actually increased slightly after 2 weeks in storage at 50°C. It was surprising to find that even with the nanoemulsion, Examples 1 to 3 could not only retain, but increase their viscosity after storage at 50°C for two weeks. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the polymeric structurant had a synergistic effect with the nanoemulsion present in the P0000816 CPL

[0315] 32 formulations, which allowed the compositions to retain their initial viscosity. Such a result allowed isotropic cleansing formulations to provide moisturization benefits.

[0316] Tables 4 and 5 show control and inventive samples comprising different surfactants, with other

[0317] 5 ingredients remaining unchanged with Control Examples 7 to 10 (C7 to C10) in Table 4 and Examples 4 to 7 in Table 5.

[0318] Table 4: Control formulations comprising different surfactants

[0319] 10 Table 5: Inventive examples comprising different surfactants P0000816 CPL

[0320] Table 6 demonstrates the robustness of the polymeric structurants, xanthan gum and / or microcrystalline cellulose, on the viscosity stability of personal care cleansing compositions (i.e., bodywash formulations) comprising nanoemulsions comprising soybean oil using varying surfactants. The control samples without the polymer structurants were thickened by titrating with

[0321] 5 sodium chloride in an amount of 0.5-3% by weight to achieve the peak viscosity for the given surfactant type.

[0322] Table 6: Impact of polymeric structurants on viscosity with various surfactants

[0323] SLES= sodium lauroyl ether sulfate

[0324] 10 CAPB= cocamidopropyl betaine AOS= alpha olefin sulfonate SLI= sodium lauroyl isethioniate SLMT= sodium methyl lauroyl taurate

[0325] 15 As can be seen in Table 6, every control isotropic example lost nearly 100% of its viscosity after 2 weeks in storage at 50°C, while isotropic Examples 4 to 7 all not only retained nearly 100% of their viscosity, but Examples 4, 6, and 7 actually increased slightly after 2 weeks in storage at 50°C. It was surprising to find that even with the nanoemulsion and varying surfactants, Examples 4 to 7 could not only retain, but increase their viscosity after storage at 50°C for two weeks.

[0326] 20

[0327] Table 7 shows a thickening synergy between the polymeric structurants and different surfactant blends. Control Example 11 was an aqueous solution of xanthan gum at 0.83% concentration with no surfactant present. Control Example 12 was an aqueous solution of xanthan gum and microcrystalline cellulose at 0.83% concentration and 0.67% concentration respectively with no

[0328] 25 surfactant present. Example 8 was an aqueous solution of xanthan gum at 0.83% and microcrystalline cellulose at 0.67% containing 6.47% sodium lauroyl ether sulfate (SLES) and 2.11 % cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB). Example 9 was an aqueous solution of xanthan gum at P0000816 CPL

[0329] 34

[0330] 0.83% and microcrystalline cellulose at 0.67% and the surfactant blend was 3.53% sodium lauroyl isethioniate (SLI), 2.94% sodium methyl lauroyl taurate (SLMT), and 2.11 % CAPB. Example 10 was an aqueous solution of xanthan gum at 0.83% and microcrystalline cellulose at 0.67% and contained 6.47% sodium lauroyl glutamate and 2.11% CAPB. Example 11 was an aqueous

[0331] 5 solution of xanthan gum at 0.85% and microcrystalline cellulose at 0.67% and contained 6.47% alpha olefin sulfonate (AOS) and 2.11 % CAPB.

[0332] Table 7: Thickening Enhancement by combining polymeric structurants and surfactant blends

[0333] 10

[0334] As can be seen in Table 7, with the polymeric structurants and without any surfactant, sufficient viscosity build (at least 4500 cP) was not achieved. However, with varying levels of different surfactants and blends and the polymeric structurants, excellent viscosity build was achieved for Examples 8 to 11 where each example had viscosity levels of greater than 4500 cP, even greater than 5000 cP, even greater than 5500 cP indicating an astounding enhancement in thickening by combining the polymeric structurants and the surfactant blends.

[0335] Table 8 shows the formulation for Control Example 13. Table 9 shows the effect of adding soybean oil neat versus as a nanoemulsion format. The composition of Example 1 contained

[0336] 20 60% by weight oil and the nanoemulsion was present in the composition in an amount of 5% by weight which was equivalent to 3% by weight oil. Control Example 13 contained 3% by weight neat soybean oil.

[0337] Table 8: Control Sample 13 Formulation P0000816 CPL

[0338] 35

[0339] Stability Evaluation Protocol for Cleansing Formulations

[0340] Formulated samples were stored under ambient conditions (room temperature) for a duration of three months. Stability assessments were conducted at predefined intervals: 1 day, 2 weeks, 1

[0341] 5 month, 2 months, and 3 months post-storage initiation.

[0342] At each time point, the samples were visually inspected for phase separation. A formulation was deemed stable if no transparent layer or phase separation was observed at either the top or bottom of the sample container. Conversely, the presence of a transparent layer or any visible phase separation at the top or bottom was considered indicative of instability, rendering the formulation unsuitable for personal care applications.

[0343] Lather Performance Evaluation Protocol for Cleansing Formulations

[0344] To evaluate lathering performance, the subject's palm was pre-wetted under running tap water

[0345] 15 for 15 seconds to simulate typical consumer conditions. Subsequently, 5 mL of the test formulation was dispensed onto the palm using a calibrated plastic syringe to ensure dosing accuracy.

[0346] The product was then manually lathered for a duration of 15 seconds, involving approximately 15 times rubbing motions between both hands. This procedure was designed to replicate standard consumer usage and facilitate consistent lather generation across samples.

[0347] Following the lathering procedure, the resulting lather was visually evaluated for two key parameters:

[0348] 25 • Foam Volume: The overall quantity of foam generated.

[0349] • Bubble Size Distribution: The range and uniformity of bubble sizes within the foam. P0000816 CPL

[0350] 36

[0351] Formulations producing a larger foam volume with a broader distribution of bubble sizes were classified as suitable for personal care cleansing applications, indicating desirable sensory and functional performance. In contrast, formulations yielding lower foam volume and smaller bubble size were deemed unsuitable for such applications.

[0352] Table 9: Effect of Adding Neat Oil versus Oil contained in Nanoemulsion

[0353] As can be seen from Table 9, inclusion of soybean oil as a nanoemulsion in the cleansing 10 composition versus adding it neat to the formulation not only resulted in formulation stability at 1- month at room temperature but also resulted in overall larger lather volume and wider distribution of bubble sizes. Formulation stability was measured through visual inspection of the compositions in determining whether phase separation occurred. Phase separation was observed for Control Sample 13 after 1-month but not for Example 1 , which was found to be 15 stable also at 2-months and at 3-months. Larger lather volume and wider distribution of bubble sizes are more favorable properties to the end use consumer.

Claims

P0000816 CPL37CLAIMS1. A cleansing composition, comprising:1 to 20% by weight of a surfactant, preferably, 3 to 18% by weight, more preferably, 5 to 15% by weight, even more preferably, 5 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the cleansing composition, wherein the surfactant comprises an anionic surfactant and a zwitterionic surfactant;0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.3 to 8% by weight, more preferably, 0.5 to 7% by weight of a polymeric structurant, based on the total weight of the cleansing composition; and 0.01 to 20% by weight, preferably, 0.1 to 8% by weight, more preferably, 0.25 to 5% by weight of a nanoemulsion, based on the total weight of the cleansing composition.

2. The cleansing composition of Claim 1 , wherein the anionic surfactant comprises glycinate, glutamate, isethionate, taurate, sulfate, sarcosinate, sulfonate, or a combination thereof.

3. The cleansing composition of Claim 1 or Claim 2, wherein the anionic surfactant comprises sodium lauroyl glycinate, sodium cocoyl glycinate, sodium lauroyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl glutamate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium methyl lauroyl taurate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, alpha olefin sulfonate (AOS), sodium lauryl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl ether sulfate, or a combination thereof.

4. The cleansing composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the zwitterionic surfactant comprises lauryl betaine, cocobetaine, sodium hydroxymethylglycinate, (carboxymethyl) dimethyl-3-[(1-oxododecyl) amino] propylammonium hydroxide, coco alkyldimethyl betaine, (carboxymethyl) dimethyloleylammonium hydroxide, cocoamidopropyl betaine, (carboxylatomethyl) dimethyl(octadecyl)ammonium, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, laurylamidopropyl betaine, lauryl hydroxysultaine, or a combination thereof.

5. The cleansing composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the polymeric structurant comprises branched polysaccharide, polysaccharide particles, or a combination thereof.

6. The cleansing composition of Claim 5, wherein the branched polysaccharide comprises xanthan gum, diutan gum, welan gum, or a combination thereof.P0000816 CPL387. The cleansing composition of Claim 5, wherein the polysaccharide particles comprise microcrystalline cellulosic particles, fibrilized cellulose, citrus fiber, fibrilized polysaccharides, or a combination thereof.

8. The cleansing composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the nanoemulsion comprises plant based hydrocarbon, triglyceride, petrolatum based hydrocarbon, or a combination thereof.

9. The cleansing composition of any of the preceding claims, further comprising a cationic polymer.

10. The cleansing composition of any of the preceding claims, further comprising a benefit agent comprising omega-3 fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids, climbazole, magnolol, honokiol, farnesol, ursolic acid, myristic acid, geranyl geraniol, oleyl betaine, cocoyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline, hexanoyl sphingosine, 10-hydroxystearic acid, 12- hydroxy stearic acid, petroselinic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid, lauric acid, terpineol, thymol essential components, the dissolution auxiliary selected from limonene, pinene, camphene, cymene, citronellol, citronellal, geraniol, nerol, linalool, rhodinol, borneol, isoborneol, menthone, camphor, safrole, isosafrole, eugenol, isoeugenol, tea tree oil, eucalyptus oil, peppermint oil, neem oil, lemon grass oil, orange oil, bergamot oil, vitamin C and derivatives thereof, vitamin E and derivatives thereof, 4- hexyl resorcinol, 4-phenylethyl resorcinol, 4-cyclopentyl resorcinol, 4-cyclohexyl resorcinol, 4-isopropyl resorcinol, 4-thiazolyl resorcinol-2-amine, 4-thiazolyl resorcinol-2- amide, 4-cyclohexyl-5-methylbenzene-1 ,3-diol, 4-isopropyl-5-methylbenzene-1 ,3-diol, retinol, retinal, retinyl ester, retinyl propionate, retinyl palmitate, retinyl acetate, hydroxyanasatil retinoate, or a combination thereof.

11. The cleansing composition of any of the preceding claims, further comprising a humectant.

12. The cleansing composition of any of the preceding claims, further comprising antioxidants, fragrances, perfumes, polymers, chelating agents, colorants, deodorants, dyes, enzymes, foam boosters, germicides, anti-microbials, lathering agents, pearlescers, skin conditioners, stabilizers, superfatting agents, or a combination thereof.P0000816 CPL3913. The cleansing composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the cleansing composition is essentially sulfate free, preferably wherein the cleansing composition is sulfate free.

14. The cleansing composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein a viscosity of the cleansing composition changes by less than or equal to 30% after a two-week time period stored at 50°C measured using a Discovery HR-2 Rheometer using sand blasted plates having a 1000 micron gap, at 25°C and 30 second intervals and a shear rate of 4 s-1.

15. The cleansing composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the cleansing composition is a body wash, hand wash, shampoo, conditioner, or a combination thereof.

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