Automatic gain control method, microcontroller unit, and automatic gain control system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications, and provides an automatic gain control method, a microcontroller unit, and an automatic gain control system. The automatic gain control method comprises: first, after configuring and initializing a peak detection device in an optical module and inserting the optical module into a target port of a network device, acquiring peak values of the peak detection device at preset frequencies, wherein the peak values at the preset frequencies comprise peak values at two frequencies; second, computing an insertion loss value on the basis of the peak values at the preset frequencies; then, computing an automatic gain control target value of the target port on the basis of the insertion loss value; and finally, adjusting the gain of a linear driver with the goal of matching the automatic gain control target value. By means of the above method, the problem in the prior art of relatively low consistency in extinction ratio among channels can be mitigated.

Description

Automatic gain control method, microcontroller unit and automatic gain control system

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] The present disclosure claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. CN202411271448.7, filed on September 11, 2024, and entitled “Automatic gain control method, system and dual-path output peak detection circuit for pluggable optical module”, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an automatic gain control method, a microcontroller unit and an automatic gain control system. BACKGROUND

[0004] In current data center architecture, with the development of supercomputing and artificial intelligence (AI) technology, the demand for high bandwidth is growing. This has driven data center operators to move towards higher density, lower latency and more energy-efficient network solutions. In this context, low-power pluggable optical (LPO) transceivers have received widespread attention due to their low power consumption, low cost and low latency advantages. However, as the port density of network devices such as high-speed switches used within data centers continues to increase, the requirements for LPO transceivers also increase. Since a single switch usually only has one serializer / deserializer (SerDes) chip, the increase in port density will cause the electrical insertion loss (IL) between different ports to change significantly. Ports close to the center of the switch usually have shorter radio frequency (RF) traces, resulting in lower insertion loss; on the contrary, ports located at the edge have longer RF traces, resulting in higher insertion loss. This change in insertion loss will cause the same input signal to produce different output amplitudes at different ports, thereby affecting the extinction ratio (ER) in the optical domain, especially for high insertion loss (HL) ports, which may not meet the communication standards due to insufficient extinction ratio, thereby affecting the decision performance at the receiving end. In view of this, when the LPO transceiver is inserted into ports with different insertion loss characteristics, if the gain of the linear driver is fixed, it will cause inconsistency in the output signal amplitude of each port.

[0005] Currently, one way to implement the automatic gain control (AGC) function is to monitor the output signal strength of the linear driver through a single-path peak detection (PKD) circuit. In specific implementation, a PKD circuit is used to detect the signal strength at the output end of the driver, and then the microcontroller unit (MCU) reads these PKD values in real time and dynamically adjusts the gain of the linear driver accordingly to maintain the stability of the PKD values, thereby ensuring the consistency of the driver output.

[0006] However, this method has certain limitations. For example, the insertion loss has different effects on signals of different frequencies. For example, high-frequency signals often suffer greater attenuation than low-frequency signals. In a high-speed data transmission environment, a signal contains multiple components from low frequencies to high frequencies. Therefore, relying only on the PKD value of one frequency band (such as 20 GHz) cannot accurately reflect the actual insertion loss. This means that if the AGC system simply relies on the PKD value of one frequency band to adjust the gain, the extinction ratio (ER) of the system may still show significant differences when facing ports with different insertion loss characteristics, resulting in that even after AGC adjustment, the signal quality under different insertion loss conditions cannot reach the ideal consistency. SUMMARY

[0007] Therefore, the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide an automatic gain control method, a microcontroller unit and an automatic gain control system to improve the problem of relatively low consistency of channel extinction ratio.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present disclosure adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] An automatic gain control method applied to a microcontroller unit in an automatic gain control system, the automatic gain control system further comprising a peak detection device, the automatic gain control method comprising:

[0010] After configuring and initializing the peak detection device in an optical module and inserting the optical module into a target port of a network device, obtaining a peak value of the peak detection device at a preset frequency, wherein the peak value at the preset frequency includes peak values at two frequencies;

[0011] According to the peak value at the preset frequency, calculating an insertion loss value;

[0012] Based on the insertion loss value, calculating an automatic gain control target value of the target port;

[0013] Adjusting the gain of a linear driver to match the automatic gain control target value.

[0014] In one option of the present disclosure, in the above-mentioned automatic gain control method, the peak detection device comprises a first peak detection unit and a second peak detection unit, and the step of obtaining the peak value of the peak detection device at the preset frequency after configuring and initializing the peak detection device in the optical module and inserting the optical module into the target port of the network device comprises:

[0015] After the peak detection device in the optical module is configured and initialized, and the optical module is inserted into the target port of the network device, a first peak detected by the first peak detection unit from a low-frequency signal is obtained, and a second peak detected by the second peak detection unit from a high-frequency signal is obtained.

[0016] In an option of the present disclosure, in the automatic gain control method, a filter frequency of the first peak detection unit is 1G Hz, and the step of obtaining the first peak from the low-frequency signal detected by the first peak detection unit comprises:

[0017] The first peak from the 1G Hz low-frequency signal detected by the first peak detection unit is obtained.

[0018] In an option of the present disclosure, in the automatic gain control method, a filter frequency of the second peak detection unit is 20G Hz, and the step of obtaining the second peak from the high-frequency signal detected by the second peak detection unit comprises:

[0019] The second peak from the 20G Hz high-frequency signal detected by the second peak detection unit is obtained.

[0020] In an option of the present disclosure, in the automatic gain control method, the step of calculating the insertion loss value according to the peak at the preset frequency comprises:

[0021] determining a difference value between the peaks at the two frequencies included in the peak at the preset frequency;

[0022] determining the insertion loss value based on the difference value.

[0023] In an option of the present disclosure, in the automatic gain control method, the step of determining the difference value between the peaks at the two frequencies included in the peak at the preset frequency comprises:

[0024] determining a difference value between the peaks at the two frequencies included in the peak at the preset frequency;

[0025] determining a ratio between the difference value and the peak at the larger frequency of the two frequencies included in the peak at the preset frequency, to obtain the difference value between the peaks at the two frequencies.

[0026] In an option of the present disclosure, in the automatic gain control method, the step of calculating the automatic gain control target value of the target port based on the insertion loss value comprises:

[0027] obtaining a predetermined automatic gain control reference value;

[0028] determine an automatic gain control target value of the target port based on the automatic gain control reference value and the insertion loss value.

[0029] In an option of the present disclosure, in the automatic gain control method, the step of determining the automatic gain control target value of the target port based on the automatic gain control reference value and the insertion loss value comprises:

[0030] determine a target parameter based on a predetermined first adjustment coefficient, a predetermined second adjustment coefficient and the insertion loss value, wherein the first adjustment coefficient and the second adjustment coefficient are respectively used as a weight factor and a bias factor of the insertion loss value to calculate the target parameter;

[0031] determine the automatic gain control target value of the target port based on the automatic gain control reference value and the target parameter, wherein the target parameter is used as a weight factor of the automatic gain control reference value to calculate the automatic gain control target value.

[0032] In an option of the present disclosure, in the automatic gain control method, the step of adjusting the gain of the linear driver to match the automatic gain control target value comprises:

[0033] adjust the gain of the linear driver based on the automatic gain control target value;

[0034] obtain a new peak value of the peak detection device at the preset frequency;

[0035] calculate a new insertion loss value according to the new peak value at the preset frequency;

[0036] determine whether the gain adjustment of the linear driver is completed based on the new insertion loss value.

[0037] On the basis of the above, the present disclosure further provides a microcontroller unit configured to execute the automatic gain control method.

[0038] On the basis of the above, the present disclosure further provides an automatic gain control system comprising a microcontroller unit and a peak detection device, wherein the peak detection device is configured to detect peak values of a target port at two frequencies, and the microcontroller unit is configured to execute the automatic gain control method based on the peak values at the two frequencies.

[0039] In an option of the present disclosure, in the automatic gain control system, the peak detection device comprises an optical-electric converter, a first peak detection unit and a second peak detection unit.

[0040] The input ends of the first peak value detection unit and the second peak value detection unit are respectively electrically connected with the output end of the photoelectric converter, the first peak value detection unit is configured to detect a low-frequency signal in an electrical signal converted and output by the photoelectric converter from the optical signal of the target port to obtain a first peak value, and the second peak value detection unit is configured to detect a high-frequency signal in the electrical signal converted and output by the photoelectric converter from the optical signal of the target port to obtain a second peak value.

[0041] In an option of the present disclosure, in the automatic gain control system, the first peak value detection unit comprises a low-pass filter and a first detection chip.

[0042] The low-pass filter is configured to pass the low-frequency signal, and the first detection chip is configured to detect the peak value of the low-frequency signal.

[0043] In an option of the present disclosure, in the automatic gain control system, the second peak value detection unit comprises a band-pass filter and a second detection chip.

[0044] The band-pass filter is configured to pass the high-frequency signal, and the second detection chip is configured to detect the peak value of the high-frequency signal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] FIG. 1 is a circuit schematic diagram of a peak value detection device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an automatic gain control method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0047] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of extinction ratio data of all ports of a certain switch after the automatic gain control method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is used.

[0048] U1-photoelectric converter; PKD1-first detection chip; PKD2-second detection chip; A1-low-pass filter; A2-band-pass filter; R1-first resistor; R2-second resistor; C1-first capacitor; C2-second capacitor; R3-third resistor; R4-fourth resistor; C3-third capacitor; and C4-fourth capacitor. Embodiment of the present disclosure

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present disclosure, but not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present disclosure described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0050] Therefore, the following detailed description of embodiments of the present disclosure provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present disclosure, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present disclosure. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0051] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide an automatic gain control system. The automatic gain control system can include a controller unit and a peak detection device.

[0052] In detail, the peak detection device is configured to detect peaks of a target port at two frequencies, and the microcontroller unit is configured to perform an automatic gain control method based on the peaks at the two frequencies to adjust the gain of the linear driver. The target port can be a port of a network device such as a switch.

[0053] Alternatively, in an alternative embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the peak detection device can include an optoelectronic converter U1, a first peak detection unit, and a second peak detection unit.

[0054] In detail, the input ends of the first peak detection unit and the second peak detection unit are respectively electrically connected to the output end of the optoelectronic converter U1, the first peak detection unit is configured to detect low-frequency signals in the electrical signal converted and output by the optoelectronic converter U1 from the optical signal of the target port to obtain a first peak, and the second peak detection unit is configured to detect high-frequency signals in the electrical signal converted and output by the optoelectronic converter U1 from the optical signal of the target port to obtain a second peak.

[0055] That is, after the optoelectronic converter U1 converts the optical signal of the target port into an electrical signal, the first peak detection unit detects the peak of the low-frequency signal in the electrical signal to obtain a first peak, and the second peak detection unit detects the peak of the high-frequency signal in the electrical signal to obtain a second peak.

[0056] Alternatively, in an alternative embodiment, the first peak detection unit can include a low-pass filter A1 and a first detection chip PKD1.

[0057] In detail, the low-pass filter A1 can be configured to pass low-frequency signals, and the first detection chip PKD1 can be configured to detect the peak of the low-frequency signal. That is, for the electrical signal output by the optoelectronic converter U1, the low-pass filter A1 filters and outputs the low-frequency signal to the first detection chip PKD1, and the first detection chip PKD1 detects the peak of the low-frequency signal to obtain a first peak.

[0058] Alternatively, in an alternative embodiment, the second peak detection unit can include a band-pass filter A2 and a second detection chip PKD2.

[0059] In detail, the band-pass filter A2 can be configured to pass high-frequency signals, and the second detection chip PKD2 can be configured to detect the peak value of the high-frequency signals. That is, for the electrical signal output by the photoelectric converter U1, the band-pass filter A2 filters and outputs high-frequency signals to the second detection chip PKD2, and the second detection chip PKD2 detects the peak value of the high-frequency signals to obtain the second peak value. In addition, it should be noted that the first detection chip PKD1 and the second detection chip PKD2 can be any chip or circuit that can detect the peak value of the signal, and are not specifically limited or described here.

[0060] Alternatively, in an alternative embodiment, the low-pass filter A1 can include a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a first capacitor C1, and a second capacitor C2.

[0061] In detail, the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first output end of the photoelectric converter U1, and the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first input end of the first detection chip PKD1. The first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the second output end of the photoelectric converter U1, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the second input end of the first detection chip PKD1. The first end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the second end of the first resistor R1, and the second end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded. The first end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the second end of the second resistor R2, and the second end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded.

[0062] Alternatively, in an alternative embodiment, the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the first capacitor C1, and the second capacitor C2 can be configured to allow low-frequency signals around 1G Hz to pass through and suppress high-frequency signals above 1G Hz. Accordingly, the first detection chip PKD1 is configured to detect the peak value of the output low-frequency signals around 1G Hz.

[0063] Alternatively, in an alternative embodiment, the band-pass filter A2 can include a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a third capacitor C3, and a fourth capacitor C4.

[0064] In detail, a first end of the third resistor R3 is connected with a first output end of the photoelectric converter U1, and a second end of the third resistor R3 is connected with a first input end of the second detection chip PKD2. A first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with a second output end of the photoelectric converter U1, and a second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with a second input end of the second detection chip PKD2. A first end of the third capacitor C3 is connected with the second end of the third resistor R3, and a second end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded. A first end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected with the second end of the fourth resistor R4, and a second end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded.

[0065] Alternatively, in an alternative embodiment, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 can be configured to allow high frequency signals around 20G Hz to pass, and to suppress signals below 1G Hz and above 20G Hz. Accordingly, the second detection chip PKD2 is configured to detect the peak value of the output high frequency signals around 20G Hz.

[0066] The embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a microcontroller unit. The microcontroller unit can be applied to the automatic gain control system described above, and the automatic gain control system can be configured to execute the automatic gain control method to adjust the gain of the linear driver. Illustratively, the microcontroller unit can acquire the peak values at two frequencies obtained by the peak detection device included in the automatic gain control system at the target port, and determine the automatic gain control target value based on the peak values at the two frequencies, and then adjust the gain of the linear driver to match the automatic gain control target value, thereby completing the automatic control of the gain.

[0067] In combination with FIG. 2, the embodiments of the present disclosure further provide an automatic gain control method. The automatic gain control method can be applied to the microcontroller unit described above, so that each step included in the automatic gain control method can be implemented by the microcontroller unit, and the details of each step are described as follows.

[0068] In step S110, after the peak detection device in the optical module is configured and initialized, and the optical module is inserted into the target port of the network device, the peak value of the peak detection device at a preset frequency is acquired.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, after the peak detection device in the optical module is configured and initialized, and the optical module is inserted into the target port of the network device (such as a switch), the microcontroller unit can obtain the peak value of the peak detection device at the preset frequency. The peak value at the preset frequency includes two peak values at two frequencies, which are the peak values obtained by the peak detection device detecting the signal of the target port at the two frequencies. In addition, it should be noted that the optical module can include the automatic gain control system described above. In addition, when the optical module is inserted into the target port of the network device, the electrical connection between the optical module and the target port needs to be ensured to be normal.

[0070] In step S120, the insertion loss value is calculated according to the peak value at the preset frequency.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, after the peak value at the predicted frequency is obtained, the microcontroller unit can calculate the insertion loss value according to the peak value at the preset frequency. That is, the insertion loss value can be calculated according to the peak values at the two frequencies.

[0072] In step S130, the automatic gain control target value of the target port is calculated based on the insertion loss value.

[0073] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, after the insertion loss value is calculated, the microcontroller unit can calculate the automatic gain control target value of the target port based on the insertion loss value, wherein the automatic gain control target value refers to the target value of the gain.

[0074] In step S140, the gain of the linear driver is adjusted to match the automatic gain control target value.

[0075] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, after the automatic gain control target value is calculated, the microcontroller unit can adjust the gain of the linear driver to match the automatic gain control target value.

[0076] It should be noted that the specific way of obtaining the peak value of the peak detection device at the preset frequency in step S110 is not limited, and can be selected according to actual needs.

[0077] For example, in an alternative embodiment, the peak detection device can include a first peak detection unit and a second peak detection unit, based on which step S110 described above can include the following contents:

[0078] After the peak detection device in the optical module is configured and initialized, and the optical module is inserted into the target port of the network device, the first peak value obtained by the first peak detection unit detecting the low-frequency signal can be obtained, and the second peak value obtained by the second peak detection unit detecting the high-frequency signal can be obtained, so that the peak values at the two frequencies including the first peak value and the second peak value can be obtained.

[0079] Alternatively, in an alternative embodiment, the filter frequency of the first peak detection unit can be 1 GHz, and based on this, the step of obtaining the first peak detected by the first peak detection unit from the low-frequency signal can include the following contents:

[0080] The first peak detected by the first peak detection unit from the 1 GHz low-frequency signal; illustratively, after the low-frequency signal is filtered and output by the low-pass filter A1 included in the first peak detection unit, the first peak detection chip PKD1 included in the first peak detection unit detects the peak of the low-frequency signal to obtain the first peak, and thus the microcontroller unit can obtain the first peak from the output end of the first peak detection chip PKD1.

[0081] It should be noted that in other embodiments, the filter frequency of the first peak detection unit can also be other low-frequency values, such as 2 GHz, 3 GHz, etc.

[0082] Alternatively, in an alternative embodiment, the filter frequency of the second peak detection unit can be 20 GHz, and based on this, the step of obtaining the second peak detected by the second peak detection unit from the high-frequency signal can include the following contents:

[0083] The second peak detected by the second peak detection unit from the 20 GHz high-frequency signal; illustratively, after the high-frequency signal is filtered and output by the band-pass filter A2 included in the second peak detection unit, the second peak detection chip PKD2 included in the second peak detection unit detects the peak of the high-frequency signal to obtain the second peak, and thus the microcontroller unit can obtain the second peak from the output end of the second peak detection chip PKD2.

[0084] It should be noted that in other embodiments, the filter frequency of the second peak detection unit can also be other high-frequency values, such as 19 GHz, 21 GHz, etc.

[0085] It should be noted that the specific way of calculating the insertion loss value based on the peak at the preset frequency in the above step S120 is not limited, and can be selected according to actual needs.

[0086] For example, in an alternative embodiment, considering that signals of different frequencies have different losses on the transmission path, the difference between the peaks at the two frequencies included in the peak at the preset frequency can be used to reflect the change of the insertion loss, so that the insertion loss determined based on the peak has higher reliability, and based on this, the above step S120 includes the following contents:

[0087] First, the difference between the peaks at the two frequencies included in the peak at the preset frequency can be determined;

[0088] Secondly, the insertion loss value can be determined based on the difference value; for example, the difference value can be taken as the insertion loss value.

[0089] Alternatively, in an alternative embodiment, the step of determining the difference value between the peak values at the two frequencies included in the peak value at the preset frequency can further include the following:

[0090] Firstly, the difference value between the peak values at the two frequencies included in the peak value at the preset frequency can be determined; for example, the difference value between the peak value at the larger frequency and the peak value at the smaller frequency among the peak values at the two frequencies included in the peak value at the preset frequency can be calculated, such as the difference value between the second peak value and the first peak value as described above.

[0091] Secondly, the ratio between the difference value and the peak value at the larger frequency among the peak values at the two frequencies included in the peak value at the preset frequency can be determined to obtain the difference value between the peak values at the two frequencies.

[0092] Alternatively, in an alternative embodiment, the difference value (or the insertion loss value) can be calculated in the following manner:

[0093] ;

[0094] Wherein, IL represents the difference value (or the insertion loss value); 20G PKD represents the signal peak detection value at the frequency of 20G Hz (such as the second peak value as described above); 1G PKD represents the signal peak detection value at the frequency of 1G Hz (such as the first peak value as described above).

[0095] It should be noted that at high frequencies, signals are more susceptible to the loss of transmission paths, and therefore the insertion loss is larger; at low frequencies, the loss of signals is smaller, and therefore the insertion loss is relatively smaller. The insertion loss value reflects the degree of attenuation of high-frequency signals relative to their own strength, and since the 1G PKD is relatively stable when the insertion loss changes, this ratio can better reflect the changes in the insertion loss; the difference between the peak values of high-frequency signals and low-frequency signals is used to judge the insertion loss, and the gain of the linear driver is adjusted accordingly, so that consistent signal quality can be obtained under different insertion loss conditions.

[0096] It should be noted that the specific manner of calculating the automatic gain control target value of the target port based on the insertion loss value in the above step S130 is not limited, and can be selected according to actual needs.

[0097] For example, in an alternative embodiment, in order to ensure the reliability of the determined automatic gain control target value, the above step S130 can further include the following:

[0098] Firstly, a predetermined automatic gain control reference value can be acquired; exemplarily, the automatic gain control reference value can be an optimal gain value determined in advance through testing, for example, which can be determined according to the extinction ratio.

[0099] Secondly, an automatic gain control target value of the target port can be determined based on the automatic gain control reference value and the insertion loss value; that is, the automatic gain control reference value representing the optimal gain can be adjusted or mapped by the calculated insertion loss value to obtain the automatic gain control target value.

[0100] Optionally, in an alternative embodiment, the step of determining the automatic gain control target value of the target port based on the automatic gain control reference value and the insertion loss value can further include the following contents:

[0101] Firstly, a target parameter can be determined based on the predetermined first adjustment coefficient, the predetermined second adjustment coefficient and the insertion loss value, wherein the first adjustment coefficient and the second adjustment coefficient are respectively used as a weight factor and a bias factor of the insertion loss value to calculate the target parameter, for example, the insertion loss value can be multiplied by the first adjustment coefficient, and then the result of the multiplication can be added to the second adjustment coefficient to obtain the target parameter;

[0102] Secondly, the automatic gain control target value of the target port can be determined based on the automatic gain control reference value and the target parameter, wherein the target parameter is used as a weight factor of the automatic gain control reference value to calculate the automatic gain control target value, for example, the target parameter and the automatic gain control reference value can be multiplied to obtain the automatic gain control target value.

[0103] Optionally, in an alternative embodiment, the above-mentioned calculation method of the automatic gain control target value can be:

[0104] AGCtarget=AGCref*(1+k*IL);

[0105] Wherein, AGCtarget represents the automatic gain control target value; AGCref represents the automatic gain control reference value; k represents the first adjustment coefficient, 1 represents the second adjustment coefficient; IL represents the insertion loss value. It should be noted that the specific value of k can be obtained by experimental data fitting, therefore, for different brands of switches, only different k values need to be written to adapt to different switches, for example, for Tomahawk5 switch, the specific value of k can be 0.85.

[0106] It should be noted that the specific way of adjusting the gain of the linear driver to match the automatic gain control target value in the above-mentioned step S140 is not limited, which can be selected according to actual needs.

[0107] For example, in an alternative embodiment, in order to achieve effective adjustment control of the gain, the step S140 can further include the following contents:

[0108] Firstly, the gain of the linear driver can be adjusted based on the automatic gain control target value;

[0109] Secondly, the new peak value of the peak detection device at the preset frequency can be obtained;

[0110] Then, the new insertion loss value can be calculated according to the new peak value at the preset frequency;

[0111] Further, it can be determined whether the gain adjustment of the linear driver is completed based on the new insertion loss value, for example, if the difference between the new insertion loss value and the automatic gain control target value is less than a set threshold value, it can be considered that the actual gain has approached the automatic gain control target value, and thus it can be determined that the gain adjustment is completed; otherwise, if the difference between the new insertion loss value and the automatic gain control target value is not less than the set threshold value, it can be considered that the actual gain has not approached the automatic gain control target value, and thus it can be determined that the gain adjustment is not completed, and thus the gain of the linear driver can be further adjusted until the difference between the current insertion loss value and the automatic gain control target value is less than the set threshold value.

[0112] That is, based on the automatic gain control target value, the gain of the linear driver is adjusted, and through the continuous peak detection and feedback mechanism, it is repeatedly adjusted until the actual gain matches the automatic gain control target value, that is, the difference between the actual gain and the target value is within the specified threshold range.

[0113] For example, according to the automatic gain control target value, the gain of the linear driver is adjusted through the control signal, which can be achieved by sending an adjustment command to the linear driver to make its gain setting close to the automatic gain control target value, and then starting the peak detection device again to continuously monitor the peak values of the high-frequency signal and the low-frequency signal, and comparing the new peak detection result with the automatic gain control target value. If the actual gain does not match the automatic gain control target value, through continuous peak detection and feedback adjustment, it gradually approaches the automatic gain control target value until the actual gain matches the automatic gain control target value.

[0114] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, since the automatic gain control target value is dynamically adjusted according to the insertion loss value, the phenomenon that the extinction ratio of different insertion loss ports is inconsistent with a fixed automatic gain control target value can be avoided, and the automatic gain control target value can automatically adapt to different insertion loss environments without manual intervention, so that the extinction ratio of each port is basically consistent. Referring to FIG. 3, the extinction ratio data of all ports of a certain switch after using the automatic gain control method described above is recorded in FIG. 3. CH1-CH8 in FIG. 3 represent different channel ports. As can be seen from FIG. 3, after the switch uses the automatic gain control method provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the extinction ratio error of each channel on all ports of the switch can be kept within 1 dB, and the extinction ratio value of all ports is greater than 3.5 dB, which meets the protocol requirements.

[0115] In addition, using the peak detection device described above, the high-frequency peak (20G PKD) and the low-frequency peak (1G PKD) of the output signal of the port (channel) with different insertion loss can be detected respectively, and then the insertion loss value of different ports can be represented according to the data rule of the peak values of different frequencies in different insertion loss ports, such as Table 1:

[0116]

[0117] Table 1: High-frequency PKD test values and low-frequency PKD test values corresponding to different insertion losses of a certain switch.

[0118] The experimental data obtained by keeping the extinction ratio consistent in different insertion loss ports of a certain switch is recorded in Table 1. According to Table 1, the reading of 1G PKD basically does not change with the change of insertion loss, the reading of 20G PKD decreases with the increase of insertion loss, and the ratio of the readings of 1G PKD and 20G PKD increases with the increase of insertion loss, so it can be used as a representation value of the insertion loss. Industrial applicability

[0119] The automatic gain control method, microcontroller unit and automatic gain control system provided by the present disclosure integrate a peak detection device in the optical module, which is configured to detect the peak values of two different frequency signals respectively. The insertion loss value and the automatic gain control target value are calculated based on the peak values detected by the peak detection device. Finally, the gain of the linear driver is adjusted to match the automatic gain control target value, so that in different insertion loss environments, the signal attenuation caused by the insertion loss can be compensated by adjusting the gain, thereby improving the consistency of the extinction ratio of each channel of the pluggable optical module.

Claims

1. An automatic gain control method, characterized by, A microcontroller unit applied to an automatic gain control system, the automatic gain control system further comprising a peak detection device, the automatic gain control method comprising: After configuring and initializing the peak detection device in the optical module and inserting the optical module into a target port of a network device, obtaining a peak value of the peak detection device at a preset frequency, wherein the peak value at the preset frequency includes peak values at two frequencies; According to the peak value at the preset frequency, calculating an insertion loss value; Based on the insertion loss value, calculating an automatic gain control target value of the target port; Adjusting the gain of the linear driver to match the automatic gain control target value.

2. The automatic gain control method of claim 1, wherein, The peak detection device includes a first peak detection unit and a second peak detection unit, and the step of obtaining the peak value of the peak detection device at the preset frequency after configuring and initializing the peak detection device in the optical module and inserting the optical module into the target port of the network device includes: After configuring and initializing the peak detection device in the optical module and inserting the optical module into a target port of a network device, obtaining a peak value of the peak detection device at a preset frequency, wherein the peak value at the preset frequency includes peak values at two frequencies; 3. The automatic gain control method of claim 2, wherein, The filter frequency of the first peak detection unit is 1G Hz, and the step of obtaining the first peak value detected by the first peak detection unit from the low-frequency signal includes: Obtaining the first peak value detected by the first peak detection unit from the 1G Hz low-frequency signal.

4. The automatic gain control method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by, The filter frequency of the second peak detection unit is 20G Hz, and the step of obtaining the second peak value detected by the second peak detection unit from the high-frequency signal includes: Obtaining the second peak value detected by the second peak detection unit from the 20GHz high-frequency signal.

5. The automatic gain control method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The step of calculating the insertion loss value according to the peak value at the preset frequency includes: Determining a difference value between the peak values at the two frequencies included in the peak value at the preset frequency; Based on the difference value, determining the insertion loss value.

6. The automatic gain control method of claim 5, wherein, The step of determining the difference value between the peak values at the two frequencies included in the peak value at the preset frequency includes: Determining the difference value between the peak values at the two frequencies included in the peak value at the preset frequency; Determining the ratio between the difference value and the peak value at the higher frequency of the two frequencies included in the peak value at the preset frequency to obtain the difference value between the peak values at the two frequencies.

7. The automatic gain control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein The step of calculating the automatic gain control target value of the target port based on the insertion loss value includes: Obtaining a predetermined automatic gain control reference value; Based on the automatic gain control reference value and the insertion loss value, determining the automatic gain control target value of the target port.

8. The automatic gain control method of claim 7, wherein, The step of determining the automatic gain control target value of the target port based on the automatic gain control reference value and the insertion loss value includes: determining a target parameter based on the predetermined first adjustment coefficient, the predetermined second adjustment coefficient and the insertion loss value, wherein the first adjustment coefficient and the second adjustment coefficient are used as a weight factor and a bias factor of the insertion loss value respectively to calculate the target parameter; determining an automatic gain control target value of the target port based on the automatic gain control reference value and the target parameter, wherein the target parameter is used as a weight factor of the automatic gain control reference value to calculate the automatic gain control target value.

9. The automatic gain control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein The step of adjusting the gain of the linear driver to match the automatic gain control target value comprises: adjusting the gain of the linear driver based on the automatic gain control target value; obtaining a new peak value of the peak detection device at the preset frequency; calculating a new insertion loss value according to the new peak value at the preset frequency; determining whether the gain adjustment of the linear driver is completed based on the new insertion loss value.

10. A microcontroller unit, characterized by The microcontroller unit is configured to perform the automatic gain control method of any one of claims 1-9.

11. An automatic gain control system characterized by comprising: The automatic gain control system comprises a microcontroller unit and a peak detection device, wherein the peak detection device is configured to detect peak values of a target port at two frequencies, and the microcontroller unit is configured to perform the automatic gain control method of any one of claims 1-9 based on the peak values at the two frequencies.

12. The automatic gain control system of claim 11, wherein, The peak detection device comprises an optical-electric converter, a first peak detection unit and a second peak detection unit. The input ends of the first peak detection unit and the second peak detection unit are electrically connected to the output end of the optical-electric converter, the first peak detection unit is configured to detect low-frequency signals in an electrical signal converted and output by the optical-electric converter from the optical signal of the target port to obtain a first peak value, and the second peak detection unit is configured to detect high-frequency signals in the electrical signal converted and output by the optical-electric converter from the optical signal of the target port to obtain a second peak value.

13. The automatic gain control system of claim 11, wherein, The first peak detection unit comprises a low-pass filter and a first detection chip. The low-pass filter is configured to pass low-frequency signals, and the first detection chip is configured to detect a peak value of the low-frequency signals.

14. The automatic gain control system of claim 12 or 13, wherein, The second peak detection unit comprises a band-pass filter and a second detection chip. The band-pass filter is configured to pass high-frequency signals, and the second detection chip is configured to detect a peak value of the high-frequency signals.

Images