Assessing the components of regeneration on the perception quality of social cultural axes

Abstract

This invention is used to identify physical features and physical qualities, to identify physical features and environmental qualities, to identify economic features and functional-activity qualities, identifying semantic-oriented features and content qualities and identifying functional-oriented features and functional-activity qualities. But our main goal is to recreate the cultural and social axis of Tehran city with emphasis on improving the quality of perception of the environment. To evaluate the collected data from regression statistical test to assess the factors affecting regeneration and the quality of environmental perception, the Pearson correlation test was used to measure the relationship between ecological perception quality and regeneration quality components, and the Friedman test was used to prioritize each indicator and average rank of indicators from citizens' point of view. The results show that among the indices, the environmental component is the priority, and then the content component promotes the quality of ecological perception.

Description

Assessing the components of regeneration on the perception quality of social cultural axes

[0001] This invention is used to identify physical features and physical qualities, to identify physical features and environmental qualities, to identify economic features and functional-activity qualities, identifying semantic-oriented features and content qualities and identifying functional-oriented features and functional-activity qualities. But our main goal is to recreate the cultural and social axis of Tehran city with emphasis on improving the quality of perception of the environment. To evaluate the collected data from regression statistical test to assess the factors affecting regeneration and the quality of environmental perception, the Pearson correlation test was used to measure the relationship between ecological perception quality and regeneration quality components, and the Friedman test was used to prioritize each indicator and average rank of indicators from citizens' point of view. The results show that among the indices, the environmental component is the priority, and then the content component promotes the quality of ecological perception.

[0002] B01J20 / 30 – G06K9 / 00

[0003] METHOD FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF URBAN SCENES

[0004] United States Patent Application 20120243774

[0005] An urban scenes reconstruction method includes: acquiring digital data of a three-dimensional subject, the digital data comprising a 2D photograph and a 3D scan; fusing the 3D scan and the 2D photograph to create a depth-augmented photograph; decomposing the depth-augmented photograph into a plurality of constant-depth layers; detecting repetition patterns of each constant-depth layer; and using the repetitions to enhance the 3D scan to generate a polygon-level 3D reconstruction.

[0006] METHOD, COMPUTER DEVICE AND STORAGE MEDIUM FOR REAL-TIME URBAN SCENE RECONSTRUCTION

[0007] United States Patent Application 20220351463

[0008] A method, a device, a computer device and a storage medium for a real-time urban scene reconstruction are provided. The method comprises: obtaining a target image frame and an adjacent image frame corresponding to a target urban scene; locating a position of an object in the target image frame according to the target image frame and the adjacent image frame and obtaining an object point cloud, an object image and a coordinate transformation matrix corresponding to a target object; determining a global characteristic of the target object and parameters of surfaces to be selected of the target object which is configured to determine a characteristic of the surface to be selected; determining a plane combination matrix of the target object; reconstructing a three-dimensional scene model of the target urban scene according to the plane combination matrix, the parameters of the surfaces to be selected and the coordinate transformation matrix.

[0009] Digital information infrastructure and method for security designated data and with granular data stores

[0010] US9734169B2

[0011] Distributed computer system processes data having select content (SC) represented by one or more predetermined words, characters, etc. The system has a plurality of SC data stores in a server cloud for respective security designated (Sec-D) data and granular data, each with respective access controls thereat. The data stores are operatively coupled on a network. An identification module identifies SC and granular data stores for the respective data in the server cloud. A processor activates data stores in the server cloud thereby permitting access to the SC data and granular stores based upon an application of one or more access controls thereat. The processor has a reconstruction module operating as a data process employing the respective access controls to combine one or more of the Sec-D data and granular data.

[0012] System, method and computer-readable storage medium for determining lane assignment

[0013] CN112945251B

[0014] Systems, methods, and computer-readable storage media are provided for determining lane assignments for autonomous vehicles along a road segment. The system comprises: at least one processor programmed to: receiving at least one image representing an environment of the vehicle from a camera; analyzing the at least one image to identify at least one recognized landmark; receiving a known location of the at least one identified landmark from a database; determining a lateral offset distance between the vehicle and the at least one identified landmark based on the known locations of the identified landmarks; and determining a current lane assignment for the vehicle along the road segment based on a lateral offset distance between the vehicle and the at least one identified landmark and based on a lateral distance of the identified landmark to a target track associated with the road segment.

[0015] Movement track reconstruction method and device, storage medium, and electronic device

[0016] EP3805703A1

[0017] A movement track reconstruction method and device, a storage medium, and an electronic device. The method comprises: obtaining a data set, the data set storing positioning data obtained by positioning a target object during movement of the target object (S202); fitting a part of the positioning data in the data set to obtain multiple segments of first curves, the first curve being obtained by fitting multiple pieces of positioning data with adjacent acquisition time (S204); and determining a movement track of the target object on the basis of the multiple segments of the first curves (S206). Therefore, the accuracy in reconstruction of a movement track of a vehicle is improved.

[0018] In addition to being part of the city's neighborhoods and social and cultural contexts, The narrator reflects on the core features of the cities as well as the remembrance of the culture and customs of their inhabitants. In Iranian social and cultural contexts, the symbolic meanings have a deep and unbroken link with the body, and this has led to the identity of the historical neighborhoods arising from the residents' mental and material beliefs and needs. This has led to the emergence and development of sustainability in diverse and complex urban systems, including the urban regeneration approach. To evaluate the collected data from regression statistical test to assess the factors affecting regeneration and the quality of environmental perception, the Pearson correlation test was used to measure the relationship between ecological perception quality and regeneration quality components, and the Friedman test was used to prioritize each indicator and average rank of indicators from citizens' point of view. The results show that among the indices, the environmental component is the priority, and then the content component promotes the quality of ecological perception.

[0019] The cities and the spaces within them are consciously or unconsciously perceived by the citizens daily. To shape people's collective lives, these spaces must meet citizens' social and cultural needs, allowing them to be part of the community, utilize public spaces, and engage with others. However, today's cities face challenges that impede this communication and interaction. While the changes in the physical-spatial structure and the emphasis on functionalism in urban planning have brought material advancements to society, they have also stripped away the city's essence and caused people's social, cultural, and identity needs to be overlooked. Enhancing the quality of urban environment perception is a means to mitigate the detrimental and destructive effects of urban societies, fostering attractiveness, comfort, and vitality in cities. Therefore, it is crucial to create spaces within cities where people can forge a sense of belonging to society, embrace responsibility, and participate in meaningful patterns of communal life.

[0020] "Urban regeneration" is based on renewing the current generation of citizens and progressing towards a new society. Over time, it has evolved from previous narratives and taken on a positive meaning. This concept goes beyond the objectives, ambitions, and accomplishments of "urban renewal," "urban development," and "urban revitalization." It addresses emerging challenges such as globalization, structural changes, and spatial imbalances resulting from the rapid growth of cities.

[0021] The concept of urban regeneration has been interpreted and used in different ways, depending on the level of development of each country, but in general, it seeks to solve the problems of urban wear and tear through the improvement of deprived and decaying areas in cities. This approach aims to revitalize abandoned areas and deals with broader issues such as competitive economy and quality of life, especially for those who live in slums. Urban regeneration has a direct relationship with the public realm. It is a comprehensive policy that includes plans to improve the quality of urban tissues with integrated economic, social, and cultural goals in a long-term and strategic manner. This concept consists of formulating political goals, implementing them through executive programs, and continuously representing performance. In this approach, "attention to the preservation of cultural values," "preservation of local and historical wealth," "criticism of constructions with one type of use with multiple uses," "attention to qualitative action in parallel with quantitative actions," "participation of social groups," "Attention to the environment," "Response to the phenomenon of deindustrialization," "Servitization and physical-functional restructuring," "Emphasis on development from within, "Special emphasis on the local scale," "Human interaction and living space" etc. is evident.

[0022] The process of urban regeneration includes social, economic, and environmental dimensions on urban, regional, and national scales. It consists of the principles of economic changes and developments, social changes and developments, governance, physical changes and developments, environmental quality, and sustainable development. Considering these principles, they show a picture of the economic, social, environmental, and physical factors that influence the process of urban regeneration. Economic, social, and ecological analyses are carried out in urban regeneration. In this process, data includes internal drivers of change such as existing strategies, resource availability, residents' preferences, participation status, leaders and facilitators; The specific characteristics of the urban area, including analyses at the urban scale, neighborhood characteristics, existing policies and programs, specific goals and ideals, and future needs and requirements; The external drivers of change are significant currents in the economy, national and transnational policies, strategies of competing cities. The output of the mentioned process in different dimensions includes physical dimensions, neighborhood policies, economic development, environmental measures, and neighborhood politics.

[0023] All kinds of plans to recreate worn-out urban fabric

[0024] In urban regeneration, urban development in the sense of quantitative growth of the physical elements of the city to accommodate the population and improve the quality of life will take place in the form of urban development plans. These urban development plans can include the following:Structural strategic plans: This plan, with its strategic and comprehensive approach, studies the old fabric according to its role and place in the whole city. It provides policies and strategies for large-scale development by examining the region's capabilities, potential powers, problems, and needs, thereby avoiding getting into minor issues.Local unique plans: While providing general suggestions in the fields of usage, accessibility, and density, this plan identifies homogeneous areas and suggests different areas of intervention, including improvement and renovation, and determines general rules and regulations for intervention in each region.Urban design plans: These plans are prepared within the limits already determined in the improvement plans. Urban design projects provide suggestions for organizing the image, landscape, and urban space.Restoration plans: Plans have been prepared to restore and revitalize historical buildings. These plans, while repairing past damage and damage to the building, consider the issue of revitalization and new function of these buildings according to the needs of daily life.Architectural plans: These plans, which can be prepared and implemented in areas of improvement and renovation, are distinguished by their emphasis on past architectural values. They play a crucial role in preserving the city's heritage while adapting to modern needs.

[0025] According to what was said, in urban regeneration, the body and content must converge to provide the possibility of regeneration and achieving actual development. Therefore, urban regeneration tries to recreate events and incidents while protecting and updating the urban body. Urban space connects the perception of the environment and the place of the form of social interactions and social activities. As the city's most straightforward form of public space, the street is much more complicated than it seems. These public spaces are subject to different uses and meanings every day. They are means of access to meeting places or loitering places, gatherings to be visible, to display, and places of protest. Streets are where social interactions and urban vibrancy reach their maximum quantity and quality; they turn the minds of citizens, which have been accumulated from collective memories and common mentalities, about the type and manner of civic life. City streets are full of numerous and diverse events, and citizens attend them for various reasons and at different times. Therefore, the correct knowledge about the roads and their users can significantly attract more communities and presence and provide a better understanding of the space.Solution of problem

[0026] Quality is a relative concept that goes beyond its typical and obvious meaning. The idea of quality is both ambiguous and equivocal yet clear and explicit. On the one hand, quality refers to the key characteristics and features of something. On the other hand, it is a whole and a system of quality components that have created something. Thus, the fundamental and substantive characteristics of something can be discussed from a holistic point of view, or each quality can be broken down into its individual components from a partial perspective. By quality component, one could obtain the difference between the characteristics of a thing, while, by general qualities, it is possible to distinguish things from each other.

[0027] Quality is a complex concept used in all human-related contexts, and experts in various fields interpret quality-related problems and phenomena based on their context and situation (Wojnarowska, A: 2016). Understanding space and engaging human senses are qualitative criteria for evaluating space. In essence, quality refers to the specific feature of something or phenomenon that affects humans emotionally and rationally. Generally, a commonly accepted and definable definition of the quality is as follows:

[0028] “A set of certain characteristics or traits that distinguish one thing from another, allowing us for comparison and judgment of the superiority or similarity, being beautiful or ugly aesthetically, being good or bad, being better or worse functionally, and the efficiency or inefficiency of something compared to other things.”

[0029] Following the previous section regarding the relative knowledge of the Enghelab Street environment, the perception quality of the Enghelab social-cultural axis was evaluated and assessed. The perception quality of the urban environment was assessed based on qualitative and quantitative methods. The quantitative method involved the criteria proposed in the questionnaire, while the qualitative method was utilized on other criteria. Moreover, the SPSS software was employed to analyze the questionnaire. Frequency, contingency, statistics tables, and various statistical techniques, including One sample t-test and Multivariate Regression test, were utilized to analyze the collected data and research variables.

[0030] 3-2- Research Method

[0031] 3-2-1- Analysis and Assessment Method

[0032] The research purpose was to regenerate the social-cultural axis of Tehran city, which makes it exploratory and practical research conducted to acquire knowledge and the cause of a problem. The quantitative analysis of the indices was implemented using a questionnaire due to the spatial characteristics of the space. The questionnaires were employed to collect the data. The influential factors on the regeneration and quality of the environmental perception were measured using a regression statistical test. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient was utilized to measure the relationship between the components of the environmental perception quality and regeneration. Moreover, Friedman's test was used to prioritize each indicator and the average rating of the indicators from the citizens' point of view.

[0033] 3-2-1-1-Hierarchical Multivariate Regression Analysis

[0034] This method is known as regression, which predicts the values of an unknown variable using a known and certain variable done either with multivariate multiple regression or two-variable regression (or linear regression). In multivariate regression, there is one dependent variable and multiple independent variables.

[0035] Hence, various subjects can be evaluated based on their key and significant constituent variables. Furthermore, this method may be utilized for prediction. However, it is usually employed to assess the value of deviation in the dependent variable, which is determined by the deviation of the independent variables. The steps of Hierarchical Multivariate Regression Analysis are as follows.

[0036] First Step: Determining the variables

[0037] In HMR, the researcher selects and determines the variables. In the literature review of the urban environment quality, the valuable variables were determined by a top-down approach, resulting in the theoretical model of environment quality. In this model, the beginning point is the high-level variable of “quality of environment perception.” The high-level variable is broken down into more specific variables (low-level) and separated into legibility, vitality, and flexibility. These variables must be broken down into lower levels, which continues until reaching the final level of variables, enabling an accurate and valid assessment. The result is a value tree in the environment quality.

[0038] Second step: Evaluating subjects based on each variable

[0039] The main subject of the research is the urban environment evaluated based on the variables defined in the theoretical model. The evaluation and assessment are implemented by the environment users. The questionnaire aims to collect the users’ satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the urban environment based on the determined variables. In the Hierarchical Multivariate Regression method, the research audience provides the required information about the independent and dependent variables. This information is the result of their assessment of the state of the urban space they use based on all the variables defined in the model.

[0040] Third step: Measuring the variable weight

[0041] The weight of the variables is determined based on the defined hierarchy for the variables and the information extracted from the questionnaire. The regression analysis determines the weight of the variables.

[0042] 3-2-2- Statistical Population

[0043] Statistical population refers to the population out of which the sample was obtained. The research statistical population includes all the users of the surrounding environment around and within the Enghelab axis.

[0044] 3-2-2-1- Determining sample size

[0045] The sample size includes the number of elements in the sample. One of the vital issues in the research designs is the sample size. If the sample size is too large, it will require higher cost and effort. If the sample size is too small, the results will be inaccurate and not provide us with the required and precise information. The sample size must be determined in a manner that allows the researcher to generalize the results and calculated indicators to the study population.

[0046] One of the methods used to estimate the sample size in the quantitative variables is Cochran’s formula.

[0047]

[0048] In this formula, N is the sample size, p and q are the percentage of the presence or absence of the considered trait in the statistical population, which is 50% in this research. T equals 1.96 based on the confidence coefficient of 95%. D is the margin of desirable precision, which is considered 5%. Thus, the sample size is 400.

[0049] 3-2-2-2- Sampling method

[0050] Based on the field and statistical studies, a questionnaire was designed and distributed randomly among 400 people, including men and women with an age range above 15 years old, for six consecutive days in the Enghelab axis.

[0051] 3-2-2-3- Validity and Reliability of the Questionnaire

[0052] The questionnaires were employed to analyse the collected data. The influential factors on the regeneration and quality of the environmental perception were measured using a regression statistical test. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient was utilized to measure the relationship between the components of the environmental perception quality and regeneration. Moreover, Friedman's test was used to prioritize each indicator and the average rating of the indicators from the citizens' point of view.This area, which includes the northern wing of Enghelab Square, can be divided into two western and eastern wings with different land use activities, with the fundamental land use of fine-grained services and commercial activities. The eastern wing functions as the main center of print services (Nobovat Mall). Since its main users are students, this wing’s surrounding activities are CD shops and delicatessens.This area is one of the main longitudinal sections of Enghelab Street. Tehran University is one of the vital activities located on Enghelab Street. Due to the high volume of users in this activity intersection, this center is introverted during the day until some hours of the evening. In other words, the high volume of users includes the students and professors who commute to this center as the origin-destination route. Other activities alongside the university are typically administrative and residential land use that are considered dead land use.

[0053] C)This area is generally related to Art and Architecture University (Islamic Azad University, and the second front view of Art University of Tehran andAmirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic). The main land uses in this area are Gaj Institute, Ghalamchi Educational and Cultural Institute, and a set of fine-grained commercial land uses. The commercial land uses include technology Drawings and Office Printing, Godot Cafe, several delicatessens, and so on, that operate as vital land use.

[0054] D)From the Valiasr intersection to the Hafez Street intersection, the main land use is a row of draperies. The relationship between the citizens and this row is weak due to the nature of shopping. However, the working hours of this row, which is active until the late hours of the day, light up and keep this area from Enghelab Street to Ferdowsi Square.

[0055] E)The main land use of this area is generally administrative and office land uses, which have an origin-destination function in the early hours of the day and enter-exit at the beginning of the evening. After 16-17 PM, there is only passing traffic, which makes this part of the city a dead texture along the northern texture of the street.

[0056] F)Similar to the northern wing of Enghelab Street, the general land use of this area includes administrative and office land uses. However, there are clothing shops, a row of office machinery shops, and so on, separately on the southern wing, which is more active than the northern wing.

[0057] G)The only active and vital land use of this area is the combination of Daneshjoo Park and City Theatre. Besides its introverted activity, this area is combined with its surrounding public environment on special occasions, and mainly on Thursdays. However, more activity and dynamism are expected from this public space as a behaviour setting in front of the City Theatre, considering its potential and the presence of citizens.

[0058] H)This area shapes the elongation of a row of bookstores to Enghelab Square, attracting people from all classes throughout the year due to the variety of specialized and general books. Moreover, there is a maximum social relationship between the citizens and the street facade. However, the early closing of bookstores at 01:00 makes this street inactive and unsafe at the end of the day.

[0059] This area is the most vital area of Enghelab Street. The diverse activities, changing from row to retail store, and combination with two cinemas have made this area significantly active and lively. Additionally, the stores are open until the end of the day due to the nature of shopping (Investigating the land use and prominent elements of Enghelab Eslami Street, 3-14).

[0060] 3-15- Understanding And Analysis of Enghelab Street from Public Space and Social Life Aspects

[0061] Enghelab Street was investigated from the public space of the street and its social life aspects. Hence, analysis and understanding of Enghelab Street were conducted using direct observation, field research, interviews, and questionnaires after theoretical studies and defining the evaluation indicators of the street.

[0062] The land use map of the area was initially investigated to study the considered index. Based on this map, the dominant land use is commercial in this area, including the book stores, printing and publishing services, and computer products from Enghelab Street to the Valiasr Intersection, attracting a diverse range of audiences, which was studied in the Public Life section (Map No. 15-3, Land use of the south of Enghelab Street (Districts 11 &12), Bavand and Part Consultants).As can be seen in the land use map, the combination of special activities after the destruction of the City Wall of Tehran and the formation of Enghelab Street indicate the course of Enghelab Street to a street with the arrival of modernity to the city through a street. The formation of Tehran University in the northernmost part of Tehran in the second decade of the contemporary era along with other buildings in this street, which is known as the architecture of the transformation era, other ideological and structural changes in the events of that era indicate this perspective (Land use of the south of Enghelab Street (District 6) Part and Bavand Consultants).

[0063] 3-19-5-1-Comparing the upstream plans with the status quo

[0064] According to these common grounds, the role of Enghelab Eslami Street in the spatial organization of Tehran city is an active and first-degree axis, playing a considerable role in the history of Iran, particularly the contemporary era. In the spatial organization of the master plan, this street is located in the area of historical structure, while it is located in the western-eastern axis of Tehran in the network structure. Moreover, this role has been considered in the detailed plans of districts 12,11, and 6. However, what is currently happening does not align with these plans and development patterns. The changes in the street not only have not improved its political-cultural role but also weakened it. Physical and functional degradations, improper replacement of land use instead of modern and more prosperous economic activities, highlighting its traffic role, and irrational development of public transportation have transformed the image of the street, which is not consistent with the strategies of the upstream plans.

[0065] Lack of management of the development of the proportionate land use, transforming the residential lands to the commercial units, and excessive development of the offices, warehouses, and institutions have not only led to the abandonment of the upper floors in some buildings but also have reduced the night crowd in the street, declining the nightlife of the square. The measures regarding public transportation, including the bus rapid transit system in the street and the establishment of the Metro stations in Valiasr intersection, Enghelab Eslami Square, and Ferdowsi Square, may have been significantly aligned with the upstream plans. However, no action was taken to improve the pedestrian and create an integrated network with the priority of pedestrians. The urban landscape is also chaotic and disordered, and except for standardization of the street paving, no specific measure was taken to improve the quality and landscape of the street.

[0066] According to the conducted studies theoretically and conformation of the evaluation indices of Enghelab Street from public space and social life aspects, the activity and function in the determined sections are as follows:

[0067] Longitudinal section No1– From Ferdowsi Square to Hafez Street:

[0068] The advantage of the necessary activity in the early hours until 6 PM attracts the users to this street. This section has its identity based on the administrative buildings with strong and different architecture. The difference between dead and lively activity- darkness and lightness- is clearly distinguished in this section. The 24 / 7 activity of Ramin Pharmacy plays a more significant role in the citizens’ mental image than the authoritarian domination of the administrative buildings.

[0069] Dead activities rise at the late hours of the day when the rapid traffic of vehicles reduces social interactions and increases social insecurity.

[0070] Longitudinal section No2-From Hafez Street to Valiasr Intersection:

[0071] The attraction of the City Theatre, as an urban sign, is the destination of the selective activities. The publicity of this section is higher when the space across the City Theatre is a context for social activities, special events, and behaviour settings, where the users come to see each other, sit around the middle tank, and are framed in an A4 frame as a painting. The presence of hijab police and police removes the disorder of this space, seeking regularity, which does not exist in the public space. The lighting of this space is the night sign of the citizens at the late hours of the night on Enghelab Street.

[0072] The user attraction in the southern wing is higher than in the northern wing. The more we walk towards the east, the more prominent the activities of area one (necessary activities).

[0073] This section of Enghelab Street functions as a regeneration section with diverse commercial activities. Three cinemas, three main stores of cultural products on Enghelab Street, sale of educational books, printing, and technical services shape the square facade towards 16th Azar Street.

[0074] 4-2-1- Assessment and Analysis Method

[0075] The research aimed to regenerate the social-cultural axis of Tehran city through exploratory and practical research methods aimed at gaining knowledge and identifying the causes of a problem. A questionnaire was used for quantitative analysis of indices due to the spatial characteristics of the area, with data collected through the questionnaires. A regression statistical test was used to measure influential factors on regeneration and environmental perception quality. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient was used to assess the relationship between the components of environmental perception quality and regeneration. Additionally, Friedman's test was utilized to prioritize indicators and determine the average ratings of indicators from the citizens' perspective.

[0076] 4-2-1-1-Hierarchical Multivariate Regression Analysis

[0077] Hierarchical Multivariate Regression Analysis predicts the values of an unknown variable using a specific variable either with multivariate multiple regression or two-variable regression (or linear regression). There is one dependent variable and multiple independent variables in the HMR.

[0078] Therefore, different subjects can be evaluated based on their fundamental and significant constituent variables. This method may be also utilized for prediction. However, it typically measures the standard deviation in the dependent variable, which is determined by the deviation of the independent variables. The steps of Hierarchical Multivariate Regression Analysis are as follows.

[0079] First Step: Determining the variables

[0080] The researcher selects and determines the variables in the HMR. In the literature review of the urban environment quality, the valuable variables were determined by a top-down approach, resulting in the theoretical model of environment quality. In this model, the beginning point is the high-level variable of “quality of environment perception.” The high-level variable is broken down into more specific variables (low-level) and separated into legibility, vitality, and flexibility. These variables must be broken down into lower levels, which continues until reaching the final level of variables, enabling an accurate and valid assessment. The result is a value tree in the environment quality.

[0081] Second step: Evaluating subjects based on each variable

[0082] The research focuses on evaluating the urban environment using variables outlined in the theoretical model, with input from environment users through a questionnaire to gauge satisfaction or dissatisfaction. The Hierarchical Multivariate Regression method involves obtaining information on independent and dependent variables from the research audience based on their assessment of the urban space using all defined variables in the model.

[0083] Third step: Measuring the variable weight

[0084] The weight of the variables is determined based on the defined hierarchy for the variables and the information extracted from the questionnaire. The regression analysis determines the weight of the variables.

[0085] 4-2-2- Statistical Population

[0086] Statistical population refers to the population out of which the sample was obtained. The research statistical population includes all the users of the surrounding environment around and within the Enghelab axis.

[0087] 4-2-2-1- Determining sample size

[0088] The sample size refers to the number of elements in the sample, making it a critical factor in research designs. A sample that is too large can lead to increased costs and effort, while a sample that is too small may yield inaccurate results. It is important to determine the sample size in a way that allows for generalization of results and calculated indicators to the study population.

[0089] One of the methods used to estimate the sample size in the quantitative variables is Cochran’s formula.

[0090]

[0091] In this formula, N is the sample size, p and q are the percentage of the presence or absence of the considered trait in the statistical population, which is 50% in this research. T equals 1.96 based on the confidence coefficient of 95%. D is the margin of desirable precision, which is considered 5%. Thus, the sample size is 400.

[0092] 4-2-2-2- Sampling method

[0093] Based on the field and statistical studies, a questionnaire was designed and distributed randomly among 400 people, including men and women with an age range above 15 years old, for six consecutive days in the Enghelab axis.

[0094] 4-2-2-3- Validity and Reliability of the Questionnaire

[0095] Questionnaires were employed to analyze the gathered data. A regression statistical test was used to measure the influential factors on environmental perception and quality of regeneration. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient was used to determine the relationship between environmental perception quality and regeneration components. Additionally, Friedman's test was employed to rank indicators and determine the average rating of indicators from the citizens' perspective.

[0096] 4-2-2-4- Frequency of the underlying variables of the questionnaire

[0097] Frequency of the respondents based on the gender, marital status, residence place, and occupation.

[0098] Out of 400 respondents, 398 (99.5%) mentioned their gender, out of which 147 (38.3%) were female and 251 (61.2%) were male. 222 respondents (57.8%) were married while 178 (42.2%) were single. Additionally, 76% of the participants lived in the area, while 31.2% were not local. 10.2% also did not mention their residence place.

[0099] According to research findings, the physical characteristics of the sub-index of the fourth level (legibility) explained more value of the variance of the physical feature of the Enghelab axis than other sub-indices, with a value of R20242. Functional-activity characteristics determined more R2 than the sub-index of the second level (the variety and scope of the cultural events and places (R2 0.108). Additionally, in the second level of the semantic characteristics, the highest R2 value belonged to the sub-index of the first level (Identity), with a value of R2 0.86.

[0100] On the other hand, the regression analysis showed that the aesthetical characteristics of the sub-index of the third level (the quality of the accessibility and roads organization, with a value of R2 0.120, explained more value of the variance of the environment quality than other sub-indices. Environmental characteristics of the sub-index of (hearing sense), with a value of 0.106 R2, explained more value of the variance of the environment quality than other sub-indices. The characteristics of the functional quality, as the sub-index of the various activities and diversity of the activities, with a value of 0.110 R2, defined more value of the variance of the environment quality than other sub-indices.

[0101] To explain the research hypotheses, the quality of the organization of access and roads paved the way to regenerate the cultural axis. The sense of hearing, as the key aspect of improving the environment quality, also plays a crucial role in the regeneration of the cultural axis, which requires consideration. The consideration of diverse and various activities is essential for functional quality as they provide a foundation for cultural axis regeneration. Furthermore, it is crucial to pay attention to the influential factors in the improvement of the environment quality, including the quality of the access and roads, diversity of the activities, and hearing sense, in the regeneration of the cultural axis. Moreover, the plans for the regeneration of the cultural axis should preserve the legibility of the environment, diversity of the events and cultural places, and environment identity. These plans should focus on enhancing these characteristics rather than removing them.

[0102] The current research, as the beginning point, examined the regeneration of the urban space to enhance the quality of the environmental perception. The findings provided a new perspective for the researchers to practice the uncertainty of addressing social concepts. These concepts are intertwined with our actions as urban planners and designers. If we consider an urban planner’s job as the conscious organization of the space, we should see ourselves as the potters who shape a context that either enables or limits certain events. Hence, awareness and enlightenment regarding the effects and functions of this context, as a ground for people’s presence and forming their reactions in a public area, is crucial. As the context for social activities, these spaces support public life, vitality, collective memories, participation, civil society, and alike, beyond their functions. Although the current study had obvious constraints and shortages, it is hoped that this research and its perspective on the studied subject gain the readers’ validity who may consider this perspective and its approach towards the city worthy of continuing.Advantage effects of invention

[0103] Considering the historical features of the place creating a sense of place

[0104] Refer to the living tradition for the ability to use the past in the present continuity in traditional patterns and beliefs

[0105] Giving importance to the historical context of the city form due to the pre-existing world of values and memories sense of belonging

[0106] The effect of visual memory in creating connections along space and time inducing the concept of continuity

[0107] The existence of species as a cultural element and physical part of the form in the collective memory (mental continuity of space)

[0108] Repetition of spatial composition in the city through typology in period (physical continuity of space)

[0109] : The scope of the design area (Islamic Revolution Street, between Revolution Square and Ferdowsi Square)

[0110] : Historical, political and cultural-social events of Islamic Revolution Street

[0111] users of the design range

[0112] : The scope of the design area Islamic Revolution Street, between Revolution Square and Ferdowsi Square

[0113] : Historical, political and cultural-social events of Islamic Revolution Street

[0114] users of the design rangeExamples

[0115] The results of each part of the questionnaire were presented by rereading the general existential space of the respondents in the framework of a cognitive map, summarizing findings, analyzing tables and graphs, and integrated analysis from the study area of englab street Tehran the results of the index of qualitative norms of perceptual-smantic demensions indicate that the assessment of citizens from the research scope is more suitable than that of experts therefore the standards of perception quality "mental interaction with the environment," and "identity" from their point of view are placed in a higher position than the mental assessment of experts. Hence, their overall evaluation of each norm is less than average to good. From the point of view of experts, the body container has priority and importance in terms of physical proportions.

[0116] Regarding the norm of "communicative meaningfulness," which refers to indicators of flexibility, vitality, sensory richness, excitement, and creative relationships, citizens evaluated the whole collection in a situation with a lower quality level than experts, and this is indicative of the inability of the space to present the potentials of sensory perception behaviors expected by the audience in the space. Therefore, attention to the social-activity dimensions of the space has been more prominent in measuring the quality of the space from the citizens' point of view. In evaluating the totality of a space, once the needs of the first person in facing the public arena are answered, the person will be able to achieve a higher level perception of the environmental qualities. The findings of the research made it possible to formulate sub-indices and policies for each of the indicators. By expressing the "imagined future for the space" from the point of view of the audience (people and experts) in line with the norms of place perception, that group of indicators that have been important as the principles of range design in achieving the macro goals and in line with the suggestions of the respondents. Experts have global experiences, while people have local experiences. Both of these should be considered in the planning process to create places that meet the needs and have meaning. Therefore, the "future vision" looking at the urban space is a study area that proves successful in recreating it based on the common opinion of citizens observing the space and experts on the space, eliminating its shortcomings from the perspective of each of the environment's audience. The adaptability of strategies and executive policies with their expectations and suggestions is in the formation of the place. By validating the research hypothesis of "creating an urban space with the quality of a place through the joint thinking of users, the general public, and experts towards it," this research answers the research questions.

[0117] Pearson's correlation coefficient is used to measure the relationship between the components of the constructive quality of recreation and the quality of the environment.

[0118] TABLE 1: Analysis of relationships between regeneration indicators and environment quality

[0119] Between the components of the cultural axis recreation (physical, semantic and activity-functional dimensions) with the components of improving the quality of the environment (aesthetic quality, environmental quality and functional quality), it can be said that the correlation coefficient between physical dimensions and aesthetic quality is (0.099), physical and environmental dimensions (0.120), and physical dimensions and functional quality (0.513) and in relation to the correlation coefficient of semantic dimensions and aesthetic quality (0.280), between semantic dimensions and environmental quality (0.304), between semantic dimensions and functional quality (0.260) and in relation to the Pearson correlation coefficient between activity-functional dimensions and aesthetic quality (0.222), between activity-functional dimensions with environmental quality (0.631) and between activity-functional dimensions with functional quality (0.519) . The relationship between regeneration sub-indices and environmental quality can also be seen in such a way that there is a high correlation between the functional index of regeneration and the environmental index of environmental quality and there is a straight line that shows the highest Pearson coefficient (0.631) and after that, the lowest direct correlation of the functional sub-index of regeneration related to the aesthetic sub-index of environmental quality is with Pearson's coefficient (0.222). Among the semantic index of re-creation, the highest correlation is related to the aesthetic index of environment quality with Pearson's coefficient (0.280) and the lowest and inverse relationship is related to the environmental index with the Pearson coefficient (-0.304). Among the physical index of regeneration, the highest correlation is related to the functional index of environmental quality with the Pearson coefficient (0.513) and the lowest direct correlation is related to the aesthetic index with the Pearson coefficient (0.099). As can be seen, there is a relationship between all sub-indices of regeneration and the quality of the environment, because Pearson's coefficient is not zero. Assessing the impact of re-creation components on the cultural axis of the Tehran Revolution: One of the output tables of the multi-variable regression test is the following table.

[0120] TABLE 2: The results of multivariate regression analysis of regeneration indicators and improvement of environment quality

[0121] The value of R2in the table shows that each of the sub-indices explain how many percentages of the variance of its higher level index in the cultural axis, the improvement of the quality of the environment of Elkhebal street among the other statistics in the table is coefficient B, which shows the importance and impact of each of the sub-indices on improving the quality of the environment. In other words, the value shows the importance and impact of each of the sub-indices on improving the quality of the environment as can be seen in the first level of the model, the characteristics (physical) of the sub-index of the fourth level (readability) with the value of R2(0.242), It explains more of the variance of the physical characteristics of the revolution axis than other sub-indices. In the third level of the model, the (activity-functional) characteristics have a higher value of R2under the second level index (extent and variety of events and cultural places) R2(0.108) and in the second level, the characteristics (meaning) with the highest value of R2belong to the sub-index of the first level (identity) R2(0.86) among the reproduction sub-indices, the (physical) characteristics of the fourth level sub-index (readability) with coefficient B (0.286) are more important compared to the other sub-indices that make up the (activity-functional) characteristics belonging to the sub-index (extent and variety of events and cultural places) with the B coefficient (0.226) among the sub-indices of re-creating (meaningful) features, the greatest impact belongs to the identity sub-index with coefficient B (0.112).

[0122] TABLE 3: The results of multivariate regression analysis of environmental quality indicators and cultural regeneration

[0123] The results of the regression analysis show that the (aesthetic) characteristics of the third level sub-index (the quality of access organization and roads) with the value of R2(0.120), it explains more of the variance of the quality of the environment compared to other sub-indices. The (environmental) characteristics belonging to the sub-index (sense of hearing) with the R2value (0.106) explain more of the variance of the quality of the environment than other sub-indexes. The features (functional quality) belonging to the sub-index (various activities and diversity of activities) with the value of R2(0.110), explain more of the variance of the environment quality compared to other sub-indexes among the environmental quality sub-indices, the (aesthetic) characteristics of the third-level sub-indicator (quality of access organization and roads) with coefficient B (0.185) more important than other environmental quality sub-indices are the (environmental) characteristics belonging to the (hearing sense) sub-indicator with coefficient B (0.122) among the sub-indices of the quality of the environment (functional-functional) characteristics, the greatest impact belongs to the sub-indicator of variety of activities and variety of activities with coefficient B (0.151).

[0124] Prioritization of regeneration indicators in order to improve the quality of the environment based on the Friedman test

[0125] In order to measure people's opinions and rank each of the indicators of environmental quality and regeneration, Friedman's two-way variance test (for non-parametric data) has been used. The results show a significant difference between the components. The results of the table indicate the priority of the physical component in the reproduction of the cultural axis in order to improve the priority of the environmental component of the quality of the environment.

[0126] TABLE 4: The average rating of the indicators

[0127] The influence of physical characteristics on the quality of the environment is the first priority. Then, the activity-functional features are in the second priority and the semantic features are in the third priority of re-creating the cultural axis. These regeneration features are aimed at improving the quality of the environment, which according to the results of the above table, priority is given to environmental features, then aesthetics, and then activity features.

[0128] The presented plan is very useful in preserving and strengthening social-political events and activities in the environment around life. Equipping the paths with spaces to increase social-political interactions creates transformation and innovation in the formation of the image and the future landscape of the passages and the environment around life.

Claims

This invention of regeneration and re-reading of the original knowledge of regeneration is influenced by quality issues to understand the environment. In fact, this invention is used to identify physical features and physical qualities, to identify physical features and environmental qualities, to identify economic features and functional-activity qualities, identifying semantic-oriented features and content qualities and identifying functional-oriented features and functional-activity qualities. But our main goal is to recreate the cultural and social axis of Tehran city with emphasis on improving the quality of perception of the environment.According to claim 1, the perception quality of the urban environment was assessed based on qualitative and quantitative methods. The quantitative method involved the criteria proposed in the questionnaire, while the qualitative method was used on other criteria. Moreover, the SPSS software was used to analyze the questionnaire. Frequency, contingency, statistical tables, and various statistical techniques, including One sample t-test and Multivariate Regression test, were used to analyze the collected data and research variables.According to claim 2, The questionnaires were employed to analyze the collected data. The influential factors on the regeneration and quality of the environmental perception were measured using a regression statistical test. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient was used to measure the relationship between the components of the environmental perception quality and regeneration. Moreover, Friedman's test was used to prioritize each indicator and the average rating of the indicators from the citizens' point of view.

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