Data transmission method and apparatus, electronic device and computer-readable storage medium

Abstract

The embodiments of the present application belong to the technical field of communications. Disclosed are a data transmission method and apparatus, and an electronic device and a computer-readable storage medium. The data transmission method is applied to a node device in a network topology, and comprises: receiving an Ethernet message; reading topological addressing information in the Ethernet message, wherein the topological addressing information comprises a topological address and a forwarding path; and on the basis of the topological address and the forwarding path, determining a target node device of the Ethernet message. The embodiments of the present application reduce the intermediate residence time of data transmission and improve an Ethernet data transmission speed.

Description

Data transmission method and device, electronic equipment and computer readable storage medium

[0001] Related applications

[0002] The present application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411317063.X, filed on September 20, 2024, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technology, in particular to a data transmission method and device, electronic equipment and computer readable storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0004] At present, the communication protocols based on Ethernet in the related art mostly use MAC address (Media Access Control Address) and VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) tag as address information identification of receiving location, which leads to that a large number of bytes need to be read to identify the address in the process of Ethernet data transmission, thereby consuming a long time, so that the residence time of data in the Ethernet is long when the data is transmitted in the Ethernet, which affects the Ethernet data transmission speed. SUMMARY

[0005] The main purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a data transmission method and device, electronic equipment and computer readable storage medium, which reduces the intermediate residence time of data transmission and improves the Ethernet data transmission speed.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method applied to a node device in a network topology, comprising: receiving an Ethernet message; reading topology addressing information in the Ethernet message, the topology addressing information comprising a topology address and a forwarding path; determining a target node device of the Ethernet message according to the topology address and the forwarding path.

[0007] In an embodiment, the topology addressing information is carried in a preamble of the Ethernet message, and the step of reading the topology addressing information in the Ethernet message comprises:

[0008] reading the topology addressing information in the preamble of the Ethernet message.

[0009] In an embodiment, the topology addressing information is carried in a specified byte segment of the preamble of the Ethernet message, and the step of reading the topology addressing information in the preamble of the Ethernet message comprises:

[0010] reading the topology addressing information from a designated byte segment of the preamble.

[0011] In an embodiment, the topology addressing information further comprises an operation field; the topology address comprises at least one location address, and / or at least one port address.

[0012] After the step of reading the topology addressing information from a designated byte segment of the preamble, the data transmission method further comprises at least one of:

[0013] parsing the topology addressing information to obtain one operation field and one location address;

[0014] parsing the topology addressing information to obtain one operation field, one location address, at least one pair of port address and location address.

[0015] In an embodiment, the forwarding path is determined according to a matching relationship between each location address and each port address.

[0016] In an embodiment, the operation field, the location address and the port address respectively occupy bits in accordance with at least one of:

[0017] the operation field and the port address occupy first bits, and the location address occupies second bits;

[0018] the operation field occupies first bits, the port address occupies bits determined according to a maximum number of valid ports, and the location address occupies bits determined according to a maximum number of connected devices.

[0019] In an embodiment, before the step of reading the topology addressing information in the preamble of the Ethernet message, the method further comprises at least one of:

[0020] decoding each byte in the preamble of the Ethernet message according to a preset decoding rule;

[0021] determining valid content of each byte in the preamble of the Ethernet message according to a preset reservation rule, and taking the valid content as a reading object.

[0022] In an embodiment, the step of determining the target node device of the Ethernet message according to the topology address and the forwarding path comprises:

[0023] in a case where the topology address is the same as a topology address of a current node device, and a message transmission end point in the forwarding path is the current node device, determining the target node device of the Ethernet message as the current node device.

[0024] In an embodiment, after the step of determining the target node device of the Ethernet message according to the topology address and the forwarding path, the method further comprises:

[0025] In a case where it is determined that the target node device is not the current node device, sending the Ethernet message to a next node device according to the topology addressing information.

[0026] In an embodiment, the forwarding path is determined according to a topology relationship between the target node device and at least one node device in a network topology.

[0027] In an embodiment, the network topology comprises at least one linear topology, and the linear topology comprises a plurality of node devices linearly connected through a first port and a second port.

[0028] In an embodiment, at a connection of the linear topologies of adjacent levels, a branch port of a node device in a first linear topology is connected to the first port or the second port of a node device in a second linear topology.

[0029] In an embodiment, the step of sending the Ethernet message to a next node device according to the topology addressing information comprises:

[0030] determining a current level according to a linear topology in which the current node device is located;

[0031] sending the Ethernet message to a next node device according to the topology addressing information corresponding to the current level.

[0032] In an embodiment, the topology addressing information is carried in a media access control address of the Ethernet message, and the step of reading the topology addressing information in the Ethernet message further comprises:

[0033] reading the topology addressing information in the media access control address of the Ethernet message.

[0034] In addition, to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present application further provides a data transmission device applied to a node device in a network topology, comprising:

[0035] a receiving module, configured to receive an Ethernet message;

[0036] a reading module, configured to read topology addressing information in the Ethernet message, the topology addressing information comprising a topology address and a forwarding path;

[0037] a processing module, configured to determine a target node device of the Ethernet message according to the topology address and the forwarding path.

[0038] In addition, to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the computer program is executed by the processor to implement the data transmission method.

[0039] In addition, to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, and the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the data transmission method.

[0040] The embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method, device, electronic device and computer readable storage medium, in the data transmission method, the node device in the network topology first receives the Ethernet message, then reads the topology addressing information in the Ethernet message, since the topology addressing information includes the topology address and the forwarding path, and then the target node device of the Ethernet message in the network topology can be clearly determined according to the topology address, the embodiment of the present application can quickly realize the destination address identification in the data transmission process by reading the topology addressing information in the Ethernet message, and in the case that the topology addressing information is in the specified position of the Ethernet message, the final destination of the Ethernet message can also be quickly determined without reading too many bytes when identifying the address, thereby saving a lot of time, avoiding the problem that the residence time of data in the Ethernet is long, and improving the Ethernet data transmission speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the related art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or the related art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only a part of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0042] Fig. 1 is a flow diagram of a data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a network topology related to a data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Fig. 3 is a byte distribution diagram of a preamble carrying topology addressing information related to a data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of topology addressing information related to a data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 5 is a structure diagram of a topology address involved in a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 6 is a structure diagram of topology addressing information described in a fixed byte number according to a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 7 is a structure diagram of topology addressing information described in a non-fixed byte number according to a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 8 is an application principle diagram of a symmetric offset algorithm according to a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 9 is an application principle diagram of a reserved bit method according to a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 10 is a byte distribution diagram of a media access control address carrying topology addressing information according to a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 11 is a structure diagram of a four-layer network according to a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 12 is a byte distribution diagram of storing topology addressing information in a MAC address of an Ethernet message in a fixed byte number description manner according to a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 13 is a byte distribution diagram of storing topology addressing information in a MAC address of an Ethernet message in a non-fixed byte number description manner according to a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 14 is a structure diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 15 is a structure diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] Ethernet is widely used in industrial communication due to its high speed and high bandwidth. When transmitting data, Ethernet needs to use address information to indicate the receiving location. The receiving device confirms whether the data target is itself or not through the address information. Devices based on Ethernet usually use MAC address (Media Access Control) as the source address and target address of the sending end and the receiving end. In the field of industrial communication, real-time data transmission is highly required. With the increasing demand for control accuracy, the sending end hopes to quickly transmit information to the target receiving end in the microsecond bus cycle. For the forwarding architecture that needs to evaluate part of the information in the data frame, shortening the residence time of data in Ethernet can improve the data transmission speed of Ethernet.

[0058] In the Profinet protocol, the addressing method in the configuration stage and real-time communication is based on the MAC address defined in the IEEE 802.3 standard of Ethernet. In addition, the addressing priority is required when switching, so fast forwarding needs to identify the complete 4-byte priority tag, which means that the 16-byte frame in the frame plus the preamble and SFD (Start Frame Delimiter) total 24-byte packet overhead need to be parsed. To meet the microsecond bus cycle, the addressing method uses a modified packet structure to shorten the identification and forwarding time of information to 320ns under 100BASE-TX. However, the problem is that this address information needs to be configured in a switched network, so it is not easy to transmit in an IEEE 802.1Q bridge network. This method is applied in specific data transmission rates and is not compatible with standard Ethernet structure.

[0059] In the EtherCAT protocol, to achieve the highest performance, it processes the passing Ethernet data frame based on the "on the fly" method. This method allows the frame to be identified, processed, and sent at the same time when passing through the device. Because of its special transmission method, the data frame will pass through all devices, so the delay of passing through the device is only the fixed physical layer delay. In the SERCOS protocol, there is a similar mechanism, and its transmission uses the "on the fly" mechanism, but the disadvantage of this mechanism is that even if the fast device is connected close to the control system line, the frame must pass through the entire network. This networking method cannot use different data transmission rates.

[0060] In the CC-Link IE TSN, Ethernet-based MECHATROLINK-IV, POWERLINK, and Ethernet / IP protocols, the target location address information is identified by the Ethernet standard MAC address defined in IEEE 802.3.

[0061] Therefore, in the related art, the communication protocol based on Ethernet (including the standard Ethernet protocol) mostly uses the MAC address and the VLAN tag as the address information of the destination position for identification, which requires identifying the complete 24 bytes to determine the forwarding entry information for the microsecond-level communication period. In the 100BASE-TX network, as the number of devices on the network transmission path increases, the data transmission consumes a large amount of time on the forwarding delay of each hop.

[0062] Although different protocols reduce the identification time by shortening the length of the address information, or shorten the preamble in the standard Ethernet data frame to achieve a shorter residence time, it still needs to read at least 32 bits of address information to determine the data flow. In the "on the fly" forwarding mechanism, the device forwarding delay is only the time required for the physical layer data transmission operation, but this reduces the flexibility of data transmission and the efficiency of the Ethernet full-duplex transmission mechanism.

[0063] In the industrial scene, device communication has real-time and determinacy. The specific addressing in the Ethernet frame can speed up the processing speed, and the disadvantage is that the standard switching ecosystem cannot cooperate in a reasonable way, but some applications may need to use such identification in the existing infrastructure. Therefore, the related art does not solve these two problems.

[0064] Therefore, the data transmission method, device, electronic equipment and computer readable storage medium provided in the embodiments of the present application are suitable for industrial networks and can be embedded in standard switching structures. By reading the topology addressing information in the Ethernet message of the node device in the network topology, the destination address identification in the data transmission process can be quickly realized. In the case that the topology addressing information is in a specified position in the Ethernet message, the final destination of the Ethernet message can also be quickly determined without reading too many bytes of address information, thereby saving a large amount of time and avoiding the problem of long residence time of data in the Ethernet. The Ethernet data transmission speed is improved.

[0065] The data transmission method, device, electronic equipment and computer readable storage medium provided in the embodiments of the present application are specifically described by the following embodiments. First, the data transmission method in the embodiments of the present application is described.

[0066] Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a data transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present application. The data transmission method can be applied to a node device in a network topology. As shown in FIG. 1, the data transmission method provided by the embodiments includes steps S10 to S30.

[0067] Step S10, receiving the Ethernet message;

[0068] In the embodiment, the network topology is an Ethernet topology structure composed of a plurality of node devices, and the Ethernet message can be generated by a certain node device in the network topology or by other devices outside the network topology. Regardless of where the Ethernet message is generated, it is for transmitting data to a certain node device in the network topology, i.e., the end point of the Ethernet message is in the network topology, which can be the current node device receiving the Ethernet message or other node devices in the network topology that have not received the Ethernet message.

[0069] Step S20, reading the topology addressing information in the Ethernet message, the topology addressing information including a topology address and a forwarding path;

[0070] In the embodiment, the Ethernet message carries the topology addressing information as the addressing basis when it is generated, which is generated based on the topology structure of the network topology and is set to identify the specific position of a certain node device in the network topology. The topology addressing information is composed of a topology address and a forwarding path, wherein the topology address is set to indicate the hardware address of the final destination of the Ethernet message in the network topology. However, only the topology address cannot determine the final destination of the Ethernet message, and the transmission path of the Ethernet message in the network topology needs to be determined in combination with the forwarding path for comprehensive judgment.

[0071] It can be understood that since the embodiment is based on the receiving side to read the topology addressing information in the Ethernet message, how to read it can be known by reverse deduction according to the way the topology addressing information is inserted into the Ethernet message at the sending side. As an example, the topology addressing information can be inserted into the Ethernet message after being generated at the sending side. The specific insertion position can be the preamble (also known as the preamble) of the Ethernet message, the MAC address of the Ethernet message, or other positions in the Ethernet message. The specific insertion position can be selected according to the actual communication function configuration, which indicates the transmission capability of the communication device, representing the communication capability configured by the device itself. The communication capability can be set by human, and can not be limited to the capability of the device itself, but can be set according to the capability of other devices in the network topology and the network communication environment parameters. The embodiment does not limit this. Therefore, when reading the topology addressing information in the Ethernet message, it can be read from the preamble of the Ethernet message, the MAC address of the Ethernet message, or other positions in the Ethernet message. The embodiment does not limit this.

[0072] Step S30, determining the target node device of the Ethernet message according to the topology address and the forwarding path.

[0073] In the embodiment, the topology addressing information is set to identify a unique address of the target node device in the network topology. In the case that the node device indicated by the topology address is the same node device as the end point indicated by the forwarding path, it can be determined that the node device is the final destination of the Ethernet message, i.e., the target node device.

[0074] In some possible embodiments, the forwarding path is determined according to a topology relationship between the target node device and at least one node device in the network topology.

[0075] In order to facilitate understanding of the topology addressing information in the embodiment, the embodiment provides a network topology structure as shown in FIG. 2 as an example for illustration. As shown in FIG. 2, the network topology can be regarded as a hybrid multi-port bridging network. Taking the target node device as 107 in FIG. 2 for example, if the current node device receiving the Ethernet message is 101, the topology relationship between the target node device and at least one node device in the network topology can be the positions of the node devices between 101 and 107 and the connection relationship between the ports, and the forwarding path is a data transmission path between 101 and 107.

[0076] In some possible embodiments, the network topology includes at least one linear topology, and the linear topology includes a plurality of node devices linearly connected through a first port and a second port.

[0077] In the embodiment, as can be seen from FIG. 2, the network topology includes a linear topology 200 composed of node devices 101, 102 and 103, a linear topology 201 composed of node devices 104 and 105, and a linear topology 210 composed of node devices 106 and 107. The first port and the second port can be regarded as linear input / output ports of each node device.

[0078] As an example, the first port can also be regarded as a primary port, which is used to connect a predecessor in the same linear topology as the current node device. If the primary port (for example, 2a) belongs to the first node device in a linear topology, it realizes the connection with a higher-level linear topology. The second port can also be regarded as a secondary port, which is used to connect a successor in the same linear topology as the current node device.

[0079] It can be understood that although FIG. 2 only shows a network topology including three linear topologies, the data transmission method provided by the embodiment can also be applied to a network topology including only one linear topology, a network topology including two linear topologies, or a network topology including more linear topologies. FIG. 2 does not represent a limitation on the specific number of linear topologies in the network topology.

[0080] In some possible embodiments, at the connection of linear topologies of adjacent levels, the branch port of a node device in a first linear topology is connected to the first port or the second port of a node device in a second linear topology.

[0081] It should be noted that in this embodiment, a network topology can include multiple levels of linear topologies, and the first linear topology is a higher level linear topology, and the second linear topology is a lower level linear topology. For example, the node device in the linear topology of the previous level can be connected to the node device in the linear topology of the next level through the branch port. One node device can have multiple branch ports. Different linear topologies formed by node devices expanded based on the branch ports of different node devices in the same linear topology belong to the same level. The level of different levels of linear topologies can be defined according to the priority order of data transmission, but it does not mean that the node devices of different levels are superior or inferior.

[0082] As an example, as shown in FIG. 2, the linear topology 200 is connected to the linear topology 201 through the node device 102 and the node device 104. In FIG. 2, the three ports of the node device 102 are 1a, 1b and 1c, respectively. The first port and the second port of the node device 102 are 1a and 1b, respectively, which are used to connect the node device 101 and the node device 103 in the same linear topology as the node device 102. The branch port of the node device 102 is 1c, which is used to connect the first port or the second port 2a of the node device 104 in a different linear topology as the node device 102. Similarly, the linear topology 201 is connected to the linear topology 210 through the node device 105 and the node device 106. The branch port 3a of the node device 105 is connected to the first port or the second port of the node device 106.

[0083] Based on the above rules, each node device in the network topology has a unique address, so the target node device of the Ethernet message in the network topology can be determined by the topology addressing information composed of the unique address and the forwarding path. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the network topology can not only reflect the topological relationship between the node devices in the network topology through different ports, but also reflect the position of each node device in the network topology. That is, each node device in the same linear topology is marked by a number, which is as follows:

[0084] In the linear topology 200, the position of the first node device 101 is equal to 1. The position of the next node device 102 should be obtained by adding 1 to the value of the position of the previous node device, that is, the position of the node device 102 is 2. The position of the next node device 103 should be obtained by adding 1 to the value of the position of the previous node device, that is, the position of the node device 103 is 3.

[0085] In the linear topology 201, the position of the node device 104 is "2(1), 1", wherein "2(1)" represents that the node device 104 is located in the first branch of the node device 102, and the last "1" represents that the node device 104 is the first node device in the linear topology 201; similarly, the position of the node device 105 is "2(1), 2", wherein "2(1)" represents that the node device 105 is located in the first branch of the node device 102, and the last "2" represents that the node device 105 is the second node device in the linear topology 201;

[0086] In the linear topology 210, the position of the node device 106 is "2(1), 2(1), 1", wherein "2(1), 2(1)" represents that the node device 106 is located in the first branch of the node device 105, and the last "1" represents that the node device 106 is the first node device in the linear topology 210; similarly, the position of the node device 107 is "2(1), 2(1), 2", wherein "2(1), 2(1)" represents that the node device 107 is located in the first branch of the node device 105, and the last "2" represents that the node device 107 is the second node device in the linear topology 210.

[0087] In the linear topology without a label, the position of the node device 108 is "2(1), 2(1), 1(1), 1", wherein "2(1), 2(1), 1(1)" represents that the node device 108 is located in the first branch of the node device 106, and the last "1" represents that the node device 108 is the first node device in the branch; similarly, the position of the node device 109 is "2(1), 2(1), 1(2), 1", wherein "2(1), 2(1), 1(2)" represents that the node device 109 is located in the second branch of the node device 106, and the last "1" represents that the node device 109 is the first node device in the branch.

[0088] In some possible embodiments, the preamble of the Ethernet message carries the topology addressing information, and the step S20 specifically can include:

[0089] In step S21, the topology addressing information in the preamble of the Ethernet message is read.

[0090] It should be noted that, in order to reduce the intermediate residence time of data transmission and improve the speed of Ethernet data transmission, the topology addressing information can be inserted into the preamble of the Ethernet message when the topology addressing information is generated. In this way, when the node device in the network topology receives the Ethernet message, the topology addressing information can be obtained when reading the preamble of the Ethernet message, and then the current node device can be quickly determined whether it is the target node device of the Ethernet message, so as to determine whether to intercept the Ethernet message or continue to forward the Ethernet message. Unlike the related art, the entire Ethernet message data frame needs to be read completely, which consumes a lot of time and affects the data transmission speed.

[0091] In some possible embodiments, the topology addressing information is carried in the specified byte segment of the preamble of the Ethernet message. The step S21 can specifically include the following steps.

[0092] In step S210, the topology addressing information is read from the specified byte segment of the preamble.

[0093] It should be noted that, in order to not destroy the original function of the preamble, in the present embodiment, the insertion position of the topology addressing information needs to be limited to a certain extent. As shown in FIG. 3, since the preamble 110 in the standard Ethernet device has 7 bytes, according to the IEEE802.3 regulation, the first two bytes of the preamble need to be 4B / 5B or 7B / 8B encoded as a clock synchronization code to form a stream start delimiter SSD (corresponding to the labels 111 and 112 in FIG. 3). Therefore, the actual number of operable bytes in the preamble is 5 bytes. The specified byte segment can be selected from the actual 5 bytes according to the length of the topology addressing information. At most, the 5 bytes are used as the specified byte segment for inserting the topology addressing information 113.

[0094] Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, in some possible embodiments, the topology addressing information 300 further includes an operation field 310; and the topology address 320 includes at least one location address 322 and / or at least one port address 321.

[0095] In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, taking the case that the last 5 bytes of the preamble are all the specified byte segment occupied by the topology addressing information 300 as an example, the operation field 310 in the topology addressing information 300 can occupy the first 2 bits in the topology addressing information area. Based on the 2 bits, the operation field 310 can be used to indicate at most 4 operations, levels or other instructions or identifiers which can be configured as needed. The topology address 320 in the topology addressing information 300 occupies 38 bits after the operation field 310.

[0096] In the embodiment, the position address 322 and the port address 321 in FIG. 5 can be obtained by converting the position identifier or the port identifier of each node device in the network topology shown in FIG. 2, for example, converting the decimal number into the binary number, wherein the position address 322 is used to represent the position of the node device in the linear topology at different levels, and the port address 321 is used to represent the branch port of the extended new branch linear topology connected to a node device in the linear topology at the previous level.

[0097] After the step S210, the data transmission method can further include at least one of the following:

[0098] In step S211, the topology addressing information is parsed to obtain an operation field and a position address.

[0099] As an example, in combination with FIG. 5 and FIG. 2, it can be known that for the node device 101, the node device 102 and the node device 103 in the uppermost linear topology 200, there is no branch port connected to a node device in the linear topology at the previous level, i.e., the topology addressing information 300 of the node device 101, the node device 102 and the node device 103 does not include the port address 321, and the topology addressing information of them only consists of an operation field and a position address; therefore, after reading the valid logical address of the topology addressing information, in combination with the characteristic that the operation field only occupies 2 bits, the topology addressing information can be split into an operation field and a position address, so that when the step S30 is executed, the target node device of the Ethernet message in the network topology can be quickly determined through the position address (indicating the position of the target node device in the uppermost linear topology 200) and the forwarding path.

[0100] In step S212, the topology addressing information is parsed to obtain an operation field, a position address, at least one pair of port address and position address.

[0101] As an example, in combination with FIG. 5 and FIG. 2, it can be known that, in addition to the node device 101, the node device 102 and the node device 103 in the uppermost linear topology 200, the rest of the node devices all have a branch port connected to a node device in the linear topology of the last level, that is, the topology addressing information of the rest of the node devices not only includes an operation field and a location address, but also includes at least one pair of port address and location address belonging to the same level; therefore, after reading the valid logical address of the topology addressing information, an operation field and a location address of a node device in the uppermost linear topology can be first split from the topology addressing information according to the characteristics that the operation field only occupies 2 bits, and then a pair of port address and location address of a node device in the branch linear topology of the node device can be split, so that when the step S30 is executed, the target node device of the Ethernet message can be quickly determined according to the split location address and port address.

[0102] In some possible embodiments, the forwarding path can be determined according to the matching relationship between the location addresses and the port addresses.

[0103] As an example, for the application scenario of the above step S211, the forwarding path can be determined in the linear topology 200 in the network topology shown in FIG. 2, such as the node device 101 to the node device 102, the node device 102 to the node device 101, the node device 101 to the node device 103, the node device 102 to the node device 103, and the like. The specific forwarding path can be determined according to actual conditions, which is not limited in the embodiment; for the application scenario of the above step S212, the forwarding path can be determined in the network topology shown in FIG. 2, and the longest forwarding path can be the node device 101 (or 103) to the node device 107 (or 108, 109). The specific forwarding path can be determined according to actual conditions, which is not limited in the embodiment.

[0104] In some possible embodiments, the operation field, the location address and the port address respectively occupy bits in accordance with at least one of the following:

[0105] The first bit is occupied by the operation field and the port address arranged in different fields, and the second bit is occupied by the location address arranged in different fields;

[0106] It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the topology addressing information is described by a fixed number of bytes. Referring to FIG. 6, the topology addressing information 300 used to describe the position of the target node device in the network topology includes an operation field 310, a port address 1-401, a port address 2-402, a port address 3-403, a port address 4-404, a position address 1-411, a position address 2-412, a position address 3-413, a position address 4-414, and a position address 5-415. Among them, each port address and the operation field are represented by 2 bits, and each position address is represented by 6 bits. This makes the 5 bytes in the specified byte segment of the preamble can be divided into 5 groups and identify 5 levels respectively: the first level includes the operation field 310 + the position address 1-411, the second level includes the port address 1-401 + the position address 2-412, the third level includes the port address 2-402 + the position address 3-413, the fourth level includes the port address 3-403 + the position address 4-414, and the fifth level includes the port address 4-404 + the position address 5-415. As can be known from the foregoing embodiments, in the case of describing the topology addressing information by a fixed number of bytes, the overall network structure of the network topology can have at most 5 levels.

[0107] As an example, since the number of bits describing the port address and the position address is fixed, the threshold value of the number of ports of a single node device and the number of node devices in a linear topology that can be represented is shown in Table 1.

[0108] Table 1

[0109] As can be known from Table 1, in the case of describing the topology addressing information by a fixed number of bytes, a maximum of 62 node devices can be accessed in a single linear topology of the network topology, and a single node device can have at most 3 branch ports.

[0110] It should be noted that the manner of describing the topology addressing information by a fixed number of bytes with the first bit being 2 bits and the second bit being 6 bits given in the present embodiment is only an example, and the number of bits of the first bit and the second bit can be flexibly adjusted according to actual conditions, for example, when the first bit is 3 bits and the second bit is 5 bits, the 5 bytes in the specified byte segment of the preamble can also be divided into 5 groups and identify 5 levels respectively, so the present embodiment does not limit the allocation of the number of bits in the fixed number of bytes description.

[0111] Allocation mode two: the operation field occupies the first bit, the port address occupies the bit according to the maximum number of valid ports, and the position address occupies the bit according to the maximum number of connected devices.

[0112] It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the topology addressing information is described by a non-fixed number of bytes, and referring to FIG. 7, the topology addressing information 300 carried by the Ethernet message can be more flexibly represented in a limited data length by the way of describing by a non-fixed number of bytes. The topology addressing information 300 includes an operation field 430 occupying 2 bits, and topology addresses 331, 332, etc. dynamically allocated to occupy bits.

[0113] In the present embodiment, the number of bits occupied by the port address 401 in each level of the network topology depends on the maximum number of valid ports (i.e. the maximum number of valid ports) possessed by a certain node device in all branch linear topologies in the level. The more ports a node device possesses, the more bits are needed to represent the port address. The number of bits occupied by the position address 412 in each level of the network topology depends on the maximum number of connections (i.e. the maximum number of connected devices) of the node device in all branch linear topologies in the level. The more node devices included in a branch linear topology, the more bits are needed to be occupied by the position address 412.

[0114] As an example, assuming that the number of bits needed to identify the port address in the i-level is Xi, the number of bits needed to identify the position address is Yi, and the maximum number of levels of the network topology is n, then the dynamically allocated topology address needs to satisfy the formula:

[0115] It should be noted that since the topology addressing information is inserted in the preamble, in order to avoid the topology addressing information from being confused with the original information in the preamble, it is necessary to avoid the occurrence of a byte consistent with the stream start delimiter SSD (0x55) or the frame start delimiter SFD (0xD5) in the topology addressing information inserted in the preamble. Therefore, after the topology addressing information is inserted into the preamble, an operation similar to encryption processing can be performed on the preamble, so that the Ethernet message does not appear SSD (0x55) and SFD (0xD5) during transmission.

[0116] In some possible embodiments, before the step S21, the data transmission method can further include at least one of the following:

[0117] Step S201, decoding each byte in the preamble of the Ethernet message according to a preset decoding rule;

[0118] It can be understood that in the case that the preamble of the Ethernet message is subjected to an operation similar to encryption processing on the sending side, in order to ensure the normal extraction of the topology addressing information, before reading the topology addressing information in the preamble of the Ethernet message, each byte in the preamble of the Ethernet message needs to be decoded based on a preset decoding rule corresponding to the aforementioned operation similar to encryption processing.

[0119] As an example, in the embodiment, the operation similar to the encryption processing can be a symmetric offset algorithm, as shown in FIG. 8, the principle of the symmetric offset algorithm is that each byte in the preamble 110 is quantitatively offset coded (non-carry offset fixed amount k coding) at the sending end 120, and the received Ethernet preamble is quantitatively offset decoded (non-carry offset fixed amount k decoding) at the receiving end 130, so that the data in the preamble of the Ethernet message during data transmission will not present the original value, thereby avoiding the appearance of SSD and SFD values. It should be noted that in the embodiment, only the non-carry 1 byte of the single byte is taken when coding and decoding.

[0120] In step S202, the valid content of each byte in the preamble of the Ethernet message is determined according to the preset reservation rule, and the valid content is taken as the reading object.

[0121] It can be understood that in the case where the preamble of the Ethernet message is subjected to an operation similar to encryption processing at the sending side, in order to ensure the normal extraction of the topology addressing information, before reading the topology addressing information in the preamble of the Ethernet message, the valid content of each byte in the preamble of the Ethernet message needs to be determined based on the preset reservation rule corresponding to the aforementioned operation similar to encryption processing.

[0122] As an example, in the embodiment, the operation similar to the encryption processing can be a reserved bit method, as shown in FIG. 9, the principle of the reserved bit method is that the lowest bit 500 of each byte in the preamble 110 is forced to 0, so that SSD (0x55) and SFD (0xD5) will not appear in the preamble, 2 bit of the 35 bit that can be used is still used as the operation field, and the remaining bit is used to identify the topology addressing information. It should be noted that in the embodiment, forcing the lowest bit 500 to 0 is only an example, it can also be forced to 1, or it can be forced to 0 or 1 at the highest bit, etc., which can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation, as long as the purpose is to ensure that the Ethernet message does not appear SSD (0x55) and SFD (0xD5) during transmission, the embodiment does not limit this.

[0123] In some possible embodiments, the topology addressing information is carried in the media access control address of the Ethernet message, and the step S20 can further include: reading the topology addressing information in the media access control address of the Ethernet message.

[0124] It should be noted that the topology addressing information can be set in other fields of the Ethernet message besides the preamble, and the embodiment only takes the topology addressing information can be set in the media access control address (i.e. MAC address) as an example, which is a more typical data field of the Ethernet message, and does not mean that the topology addressing information can only be set in the MAC address besides the preamble.

[0125] It should be noted that when the media access control address of the Ethernet message carries the topology addressing information, the preamble can also carry the topology addressing information, that is, the topology addressing information can be read from the preamble or the media access control address, or the topology addressing information can be read from both the preamble and the media access control address, which is not limited in the embodiment.

[0126] As an example, referring to FIG. 10, in the embodiment, the topology addressing information can be set in the destination MAC field 600 and / or the source MAC field 610. The Ethernet MAC address conforming to IEEE802.3 uses the second bit in the highest byte of the OUI field 601 to identify whether the MAC address is global or local, and in the embodiment, the bit identification 510 is 0, indicating that the MAC address is managed locally, and the topology addressing information 602 is used to indicate the topology addressing information of a node device in the network topology. The processing manner of inserting the topology addressing information into the source MAC field 610 is the same as that of inserting the topology addressing information into the destination MAC field 600, and both can be used to indicate the topology addressing information of a node device in the network topology, which is not described here.

[0127] It can be understood that the description manner and encryption / decryption manner of storing the topology addressing information in the MAC address can be used in the corresponding implementation manner of storing the topology addressing information in the preamble, which is not described here.

[0128] In combination of the above embodiments, the embodiment provides an application example for assisting understanding, as shown in FIG. 11. In a 4-layer network structure, when an Ethernet message with high priority (assuming 0 is the highest) needs to be sent to the fourth layer device 108, the data of the Ethernet message passes through the branch port 3a of the first layer device 102, and then is transferred to the second layer device 105, and then is transferred to the third layer device 106 through the port 1c of the second layer device 105, and then is transferred to the device 108 through the port 4a of the third layer device 106. Therefore, the topology address of the fourth layer device 108 is 2(1), 2(1), 1(1), 1.

[0129] In the case that the topology addressing information of the fourth layer device 108 is stored in the preamble of the Ethernet message in a manner of description by a fixed number of bytes, and encoded by using the symmetric offset algorithm, assuming that the offset is 0x56, the description manner of the topology addressing information of the fourth layer device 108 in the preamble is shown in Table 2.

[0130] Table 2

[0131] In the case that the topology addressing information of the fourth layer device 108 is stored in the MAC address of the Ethernet message in a manner of description by a fixed number of bytes, it can be understood in combination with Fig. 12. As shown in Fig. 12, the first byte of the OUI-601 in the MAC address area 600 is 0, indicating a local management address. The topology addressing information 602 in the MAC address area 600 is also stored in 5 bytes, which is similar to the storage manner of the 5 bytes in the preamble.

[0132] In addition, in the case that the topology addressing information of the fourth layer device 108 in Fig. 11 is stored in the preamble of the Ethernet message in a manner of description by a non-fixed number of bytes, and encoded by using the reserved bit method, the description manner of the topology addressing information of the fourth layer device 108 in the preamble is shown in Table 3.

[0133] Table 3

[0134] In the case that the topology addressing information of the fourth layer device 108 is stored in the MAC address of the Ethernet message in a manner of description by a non-fixed number of bytes, it can be understood in combination with Fig. 13. As shown in Fig. 13, the first byte of the OUI-601 in the MAC address area 600 is 0, indicating a local management address. The information stored in the first two bytes of the topology addressing information 602 in the MAC address area 600 is consistent with the information stored in the first two bytes in the preamble.

[0135] In some possible embodiments, the step S30 can specifically include: in the case that the topology address is the same as the topology address of the current node device, and the message transmission terminal in the forwarding path is the current node device, determining that the target node device of the Ethernet message is the current node device.

[0136] As an example, in the case that the topology address of the current node device is the same as the topology address in the topology addressing information, and the current node device is also the terminal indicated by the forwarding path in the topology addressing information, it is indicated that the current node device is the target node device of the Ethernet message. In the case that the topology address of the current node device is the same as the topology address in the topology addressing information, but the current node device is only one way node in the forwarding path in the topology addressing information but not the terminal, it is indicated that the current node device is not the target node device of the Ethernet message.

[0137] In some possible embodiments, after step S30, the data transmission method can further include:

[0138] Step S40, in the case where it is determined that the target node device is not the current node device, sending the Ethernet message to the next node device according to the topology addressing information.

[0139] In this embodiment, in the case where it is determined that the current node device is not the final destination of the Ethernet message, the current node device needs to send the Ethernet message to the next node device, so that the Ethernet message continues to be transmitted along the network topology, and the next node device also performs the steps in the above data transmission method as the current node device does after receiving the Ethernet message, until the Ethernet message is successfully transmitted to the final destination.

[0140] In some possible embodiments, step S40 can specifically include:

[0141] Step S41, determining the current level according to the linear topology in which the current node device is located.

[0142] In this embodiment, the linear topology in which the current node device is located can be determined according to the position of the current node device in the network topology.

[0143] As an example, it can be known from FIG. 2 that, taking the node device 105 as an example, according to its position “2(1), 2”, it includes two position addresses and one port address, and therefore the linear topology 201 in which the node device 105 is located belongs to the second level, that is, the current level is the second level; taking the node device 106 as an example, according to its position “2(1), 2(1), 1”, it includes three position addresses and two port addresses, and therefore the linear topology 210 in which the node device 106 is located belongs to the third level, that is, the current level is the third level; taking the node device 108 as an example, according to its position “2(1), 2(1), 1(1), 1”, it includes four position addresses and three port addresses, and therefore the current level corresponding to the node device 108 is the fourth level.

[0144] Step S42, sending the Ethernet message to the next node device according to the topology addressing information corresponding to the current level.

[0145] In this embodiment, when the Ethernet message is transmitted at a certain level in the network topology, the node devices at the level identify the topology addresses and forwarding paths in the topology addressing information corresponding to the level, and send the Ethernet message to the next node device at the current level or the node devices at the next level of the current level based on the information belonging to the current level.

[0146] As an example, in the network topology shown in FIG. 2, assuming that an Ethernet message needs to be sent from the node device 102 to the node device 108, and the current node device receiving the Ethernet message is the node device 105, according to the topology addressing information of the node device 108 including the topology address "2(1), 2(1), 1(1), 1" and the forwarding path "from the node device 102, through the first branch port of the node device 102 to the node device 104, through the node device 104 to the node device 105, through the first branch port of the node device 105 to the node device 106, and through the first branch port of the node device 106 to the node device 108", it can be known that the information belonging to the level of the node device 105 includes "2(1), 2" and "through the first branch port of the node device 105 to the node device 106", and therefore the Ethernet message only needs to be transmitted to the node device 106 in the next level according to the above partial topology addressing information at the node device 105, instead of being directly transmitted to the node device 108 by the node device 105.

[0147] In addition, the embodiment of the present application further provides a data transmission device. Referring to FIG. 14, FIG. 14 is a structural schematic diagram of a data transmission device provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 14, in the embodiment, the data transmission device comprises a receiving module 10, a reading module 20 and a processing module 30.

[0148] The receiving module 10 is configured to receive an Ethernet message.

[0149] The reading module 20 is configured to read topology addressing information in the Ethernet message, wherein the topology addressing information comprises a topology address and a forwarding path.

[0150] The processing module 30 is configured to determine a target node device of the Ethernet message according to the topology address and the forwarding path.

[0151] In some possible embodiments, the topology addressing information is carried in a preamble of the Ethernet message, and the reading module 20 is further configured to read the topology addressing information in the preamble of the Ethernet message.

[0152] In some possible embodiments, the topology addressing information is carried in a specified byte segment of the preamble of the Ethernet message, and the reading module 20 is further configured to read the topology addressing information from the specified byte segment of the preamble.

[0153] In some possible embodiments, the topology addressing information further comprises an operation field; the topology address comprises at least one location address and / or at least one port address; and the reading module 20 is further configured to perform at least one of the following:

[0154] parsing the topology addressing information to obtain an operation field and a location address;

[0155] The parsing of the topology addressing information obtains an operation field, a location address, at least one pair of port address and location address.

[0156] In some possible embodiments, the forwarding path is determined according to a matching relationship between each location address and each port address.

[0157] In some possible embodiments, the operation field, the location address and the port address respectively occupy bits in accordance with at least one of the following:

[0158] The operation field and the port address occupy first bits, and the location address occupies second bits;

[0159] The operation field occupies first bits, the port address occupies bits determined according to a maximum number of valid ports, and the location address occupies bits determined according to a maximum number of connected devices.

[0160] In some possible embodiments, the data transmission device further comprises a decryption module, which is configured to perform at least one of the following:

[0161] Decoding each byte in the preamble of the Ethernet message according to a preset decoding rule;

[0162] Determining valid content of each byte in the preamble of the Ethernet message according to a preset reservation rule, and taking the valid content as a reading object.

[0163] In some possible embodiments, the processing module 30 is further configured to determine, in a case where the topology address is the same as a topology address of the current node device and a transmission end point of the message in the forwarding path is the current node device, that the target node device of the Ethernet message is the current node device.

[0164] In some possible embodiments, the processing module 30 is further configured to, in a case where it is determined that the target node device is not the current node device, send the Ethernet message to a next node device according to the topology addressing information.

[0165] In some possible embodiments, the forwarding path is determined according to a topology relationship between the target node device and at least one node device in the network topology.

[0166] In some possible embodiments, the network topology comprises at least one linear topology, and the linear topology comprises a plurality of node devices linearly connected through first ports and second ports.

[0167] In some possible embodiments, at a connection of linear topologies of adjacent levels, a branch port of a node device in a first linear topology is connected to a first port or a second port of a node device in a second linear topology.

[0168] In some possible embodiments, the processing module 30 is further configured to determine a current level according to a linear topology in which the current node device is located, and transmit the Ethernet message to a next node device according to topology addressing information corresponding to the current level.

[0169] In some possible embodiments, the topology addressing information is carried in a media access control address of the Ethernet message, and the reading module 20 is further configured to read the topology addressing information in the media access control address of the Ethernet message.

[0170] The data transmission apparatus provided by the embodiment belongs to the same technical concept as the data transmission method provided by the above-described embodiments, and the technical details not described in detail in the embodiment can be referred to the above-described any embodiment, and the embodiment has the same beneficial effects as performing the data transmission method.

[0171] The apparatus embodiment described above is only schematic, and units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, that is, can be located in one place, or can be distributed to multiple network units. Part or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment.

[0172] In addition, the embodiment of the application further provides an electronic device, and the data transmission method applied to the node device in the network topology can be executed by the data transmission apparatus, which can be realized in the form of software and / or hardware and integrated in the electronic device.

[0173] As an example, the electronic device can be a PC (personal computer), a mobile phone, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, or the like, which can be a terminal device that can be arranged in the network topology to establish an Ethernet connection with other node devices.

[0174] Referring to FIG. 15, FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 15, the electronic device can include a processor 1001, for example, a central processing unit (CPU), a communication bus 1002, a user interface 1003, a network interface 1004, and a memory 1005. The communication bus 1002 is configured to realize the connection and communication among the components. The user interface 1003 can include a display, an input unit such as a keyboard, and optionally, a standard wired interface, a wireless interface. The network interface 1004 can optionally include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface (such as a WIreless-FIdelity (WI-FI) interface). The memory 1005 can be a high-speed random access memory (RAM) or a stable non-volatile memory (NVM), for example, a disk memory. The memory 1005 can also be a storage device independent of the processor 1001.

[0175] Those skilled in the art can understand that the structure shown in FIG. 15 does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device, and can include more or fewer components than those shown, or combine certain components, or different component arrangements. As shown in FIG. 15, the memory 1005 as a storage medium can include an operating system, a data storage module, a network communication module, a user interface module, and a computer program.

[0176] In the electronic device shown in FIG. 15, the network interface 1004 is mainly used for data communication with other devices; the user interface 1003 is mainly used for data interaction with the user; the processor 1001 and the memory 1005 in the embodiment can be arranged in the electronic device, and the electronic device calls the computer program stored in the memory 1005 through the processor 1001, and executes the data transmission method applied to the node device in the network topology provided by any of the above embodiments.

[0177] The electronic device proposed in the embodiment and the data transmission method applied to the node device in the network topology proposed in the above embodiments belong to the same technical concept, and the technical details not described in detail in the embodiment can be referred to the above embodiments, and the embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the data transmission method.

[0178] In addition, the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which can be a nonvolatile computer readable storage medium, and a computer program is stored on the computer readable storage medium. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the data transmission method provided by any of the above embodiments.

[0179] In addition, the present application further provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the data transmission method provided by any of the above embodiments.

[0180] The computer program product provided by the present application belongs to the same technical concept as the data transmission method proposed in the above embodiments. Compared with the related art, the beneficial effects of the computer program product provided by the present application are the same as those of the data transmission method provided by the above embodiments, which will not be described here.

[0181] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or some of the steps in the method disclosed above can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and appropriate combinations thereof. Some or all of the physical components can be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, a digital signal processor, or a microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit. Such software can be distributed on a computer readable medium, which can include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). As known to those skilled in the art, the term computer storage media includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tapes, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired information and can be accessed by a computer. In addition, those skilled in the art know that communication media generally includes computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in modulated data signals such as carrier waves or other transmission mechanisms, and can include any information delivery medium.

[0182] In the above description, specific details such as specific system structures, techniques, etc. are presented for the purpose of explanation, not for the purpose of limitation, so as to make a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present application can also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits and methods are omitted to avoid unnecessary details that hinder the description of the embodiments of the present application.

[0183] It should be noted that, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in an order different from that in the flowchart. The terms "first", "second", and the like in the specification and claims and above-described figures are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily describe a particular order or sequence.

[0184] It should also be understood that, in the specification of the embodiments of the present application, the reference "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" and the like means that a specific feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Therefore, the statements "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in other some embodiments", "in other some embodiments" and the like appearing in different places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "include", "contain", "have" and their variants mean "include but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0185] The above is a specific description of some embodiments of the present application, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited to the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or replacements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these equivalent modifications or replacements are all included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A data transmission method applied to a node device in a network topology, wherein, The method comprises the following steps: receiving an Ethernet message; reading topology addressing information in the Ethernet message, the topology addressing information comprising a topology address and a forwarding path; determining a target node device of the Ethernet message according to the topology address and the forwarding path.

2. The data transmission method of claim 1, wherein, The topology addressing information is carried in a preamble of the Ethernet message, and the step of reading the topology addressing information in the Ethernet message comprises: reading the topology addressing information in the preamble of the Ethernet message.

3. The data transmission method of claim 2, wherein, The topology addressing information is carried in a specified byte segment of the preamble of the Ethernet message, and the step of reading the topology addressing information in the preamble of the Ethernet message comprises: reading the topology addressing information from the specified byte segment of the preamble.

4. The data transmission method of claim 3, wherein, The topology addressing information further comprises an operation field; the topology address comprises at least one location address and / or at least one port address; After the step of reading the topology addressing information from the specified byte segment of the preamble, the data transmission method further comprises at least one of the following steps: parsing the topology addressing information to obtain one operation field and one location address; parsing the topology addressing information to obtain one operation field, one location address, at least one pair of port address and location address.

5. The data transmission method of claim 4, wherein, The forwarding path is determined according to a matching relationship between each location address and each port address.

6. The data transmission method of claim 4, wherein, The bit positions respectively occupied by the operation field, the location address and the port address meet at least one of the following conditions: The operation field and the port address occupy first bit positions, and the location address occupies second bit positions. The operation field occupies first bit positions, the port address occupies bit positions determined according to a maximum number of valid ports, and the location address occupies bit positions determined according to a maximum number of connected devices.

7. The data transmission method of any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein, Before the step of reading the topology addressing information in the preamble of the Ethernet message, the method further comprises at least one of the following steps: decoding each byte in the preamble of the Ethernet message according to a preset decoding rule; determining valid content of each byte in the preamble of the Ethernet message according to a preset reservation rule, and taking the valid content as a reading object.

8. The data transmission method of claim 1, wherein, The step of determining the target node device of the Ethernet message according to the topology address and the forwarding path comprises: in a case where the topology address is the same as a topology address of a current node device and a message transmission terminal point in the forwarding path is the current node device, determining the target node device of the Ethernet message as the current node device.

9. The data transmission method of claim 8, wherein, After the step of determining the target node device of the Ethernet message according to the topology address and the forwarding path, the method further comprises: in a case where it is determined that the target node device is not the current node device, sending the Ethernet message to a next node device according to the topology addressing information.

10. The data transmission method of claim 9, wherein, The forwarding path is determined according to a topology relationship between the target node device and at least one node device in a network topology.

11. The data transmission method of claim 10, wherein, The network topology comprises at least one linear topology, and the linear topology comprises a plurality of node devices linearly connected through a first port and a second port.

12. The data transmission method of claim 11, wherein, At a connection of the linear topologies of adjacent levels, a branch port of a node device in a first linear topology is connected to a first port or a second port of a node device in a second linear topology.

13. The data transmission method of claim 12, wherein, The step of transmitting the Ethernet message to a next node device according to the topology addressing information comprises: determining a current level according to a linear topology in which the current node device is located; transmitting the Ethernet message to a next node device according to the topology addressing information corresponding to the current level.

14. The data transmission method of claim 1, wherein, The topology addressing information is carried in a media access control address of the Ethernet message, and the step of reading the topology addressing information in the Ethernet message further comprises: reading the topology addressing information in the media access control address of the Ethernet message.

15. A data transmission apparatus applied to a node device in a network topology, wherein, comprise: a receiving module configured to receive an Ethernet message; a reading module configured to read topology addressing information in the Ethernet message, the topology addressing information comprising a topology address and a forwarding path; a processing module configured to determine a target node device of the Ethernet message according to the topology address and the forwarding path.

16. An electronic device, comprising: The electronic device comprises a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, and the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the data transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

17. A computer readable storage medium, wherein, The computer program is stored on the computer readable storage medium and, when executed by a processor, implements the data transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

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