CTDL steam boilers on mixed solid fuel with high humidity >40% with combustion chamber on GN and / on GN +green h2 fuel

Abstract

The invention concerns an industrial steam boiler designed to burn mixed solid fuels with moisture content above 40%. The boiler includes a post-combustion chamber that operates on natural gas or a mixture of natural gas and green hydrogen. Fuel and Combustion Characteristics: Fuel type: wood sawdust, wood chips, bark, cardboard, paper shreds, shredded plastic material, and plastic film waste Fuel consumption: ~ 3200 kg / h (±10%) Fuel size: 300-400 mm Primary air flow: 1000 m3 / h Secondary air flow: 3500 m3 / h Excess air factor: 1.2-1.3 Grate thermal load: 800-1500 kW / m2 Furnace thermal load: 200-465 kW / m3 Combustion Temperatures Steam boiler: 10 t / h, 15 bar Combustion chamber temperature: 981°C Post combustion chamber temperature: 1280°C Emissions Monitoring, includes: flow, pressure, temperature, dust (mg / Nm3), humidity, and gas composition Continuous emissions monitoring system compliant with environmental law Stack gas temperature: 150-220°C Combustion Plant Layout: Lower combustion chamber (A) and upper post combustion chamber (B), uses preheated primary and secondary air, Post combustion uses natural gas or natural gas + green hydrogen, Fuel Preparation and Feeding: Hydraulic feeder reduces moisture through pre drying and pre heating Improved Combustion: Fluidized bed grates for efficient burning of high moisture fuels, "Lens ring" element improves combustion speed and efficiency, Meets NOx emission requirements Post Combustion System: Uses natural gas or natural gas + green hydrogen for final oxidation of remaining gases Mechanical and Thermal Design: Custom mobile grate drive, Optimized primary / secondary air distribution Cooling water distribution for high thermal load Durable high efficiency refractory lining

Description

[0001] 12.2. Description of the invention with the title

[0002] CTDL type industrial steam boilers on solid mixed fuel with high humidity > 40%, with post-combustion chamber on GN fuel - natural gas and / or GN * green Hz

[0003] Technical characteristics - parameters

[0004] Range 5 t / h; 10 t / h; 20 t / h; 25 t / h

[0005] Tsteam250°C; version Tsteam204°C

[0006] Pmax15 ~ 16 bar; 250°C; 204°C

[0007] Solid mixed fuel with participatory evaluation

[0008] - wood sawdust with a grain size of 1 - 4 mm, humidity ≤ 40% with lower calorific value 10785 KJ / Kc; stake 7%

[0009] • wood chips and bark with a grain size of 10 - 40 mm. humidity > 40%. lower calorific value 8490 KJ / Kc. participation 30%

[0010] • cardboard and paper shreds, grain size 10 - 25 mm, humidity ≤ 20%, lower calorific value 6230 KJ / Kc, participation 30%.

[0011] - plastic film waste shredding 20 - 25 mm, humidity ≤ 10%, participation 30%; tower calorific value 10970 KJ / Kc

[0012] - shredded plastic material, grain size 10 - 25 mm, humidity ≤ 10%, lower calorific value 38670 KJ / Kc, participation 3%.

[0013] Solid mixed fuel in the combustion chamber

[0014] GN - natural gas fuel (in the post-combustion chamber) with the option: GN + green Hz in the post-combustion chamber.

[0015] - Boiler components

[0016] The steam boiler is an aqua tubular boiler with 4 flue gas paths

[0017] The main components are

[0018] - boiler system

[0019] - convective system with 2 drums

[0020] - four economizer packages

[0021] - connecting pipes

[0022] - three air preheater packages

[0023] - combustion plant

[0024] - fittings and AMC-s

[0025] - residue evacuation system

[0026] • resistance structure

[0027] Combustion plant

[0028] Combustion Installation Assembly TR01 -01

[0029] The combustion plant is located in the lower area of the boiler's combustion chamber and has the following main components: - waste feeding system with hydraulic group

[0030] - drive system mobile grates with hydraulic group fixed grates (16 rows) with 16 refractory steel elements

[0031] • mobile grates (15 rows) with 16 refractory steel elements

[0032] - primary air distribution system

[0033] - secondary air distribution system

[0034] - cooling air distribution system

[0035] - waste collection tanks with exhaust worm

[0036] - combustion chamber (refractory masonry)

[0037] - metal construction and supports.

[0038] Technical characteristics of the combustion plant

[0039] Constructive characteristics

[0040] Length 7850 mm

[0041] Width 2800 mm

[0042] Average height 2400 mm

[0043] The total area of grates: 10,3 m2

[0044] The free surface of grates 0,4 m2. 3968 x 0 10 Operating characteristics

[0045] - Nominal fuel consumption 3200 kgte ± 10%

[0046] - Maximum grain of the fuel layer 300 ± 400 mm

[0047] - Primary air flaw rate 1000 mc / h

[0048] - Primary air temperature 218°C

[0049] • Secondary air flaw rate 3500 m3te

[0050] - Secondary air temperature 80°C

[0051] • Cooling water flaw rate 144 mc / h

[0052] - Cooling water temperature 40°C

[0053] - Cooling water pressure 6 bar

[0054] - Excess air 1.2 ± 1.3

[0055] - Grates thermal load 800 ± 1500 kW / m2

[0056] - Grates mechanical load 100 - 400 kg / m3h

[0057] - Air grate thermal load 465 kW / m3

[0058] - Grates mass load 100 - 400 kg / m3h

[0059] - Combustion chamber volume thermal load 200 - 465 kW / m3. Steam Boilers CTDL of 10 t / h, 15 bar, 150°C, TR01-8CJ Temperatures

[0060] Theoretical burning temperature of combustion chamber, solid fuel 981, 9°C

[0061] Theoretical combustion temperature after combustion of natural gas 1333°C

[0062] The theoretical combustion temperature of the afterburner chamber 1260°C. A distinct continuous emission monitoring system will be used, using an environmental software according to the environmental norms in force, the Law no. 278 / 2013

[0063] - Process parameters and gas composition at the monitoring point / parameters to be monitored

[0064] The gas temperature at the exit from the post-combustion chamber 980 - 1260°C

[0065] Flue gas temperature at the chimney 160 - 220°C

[0066] Variant in the gas channel - in the version of coupling 2 channels to a chimney

[0067] Version in the chimney

[0068] Continuous monitoring system - online emissions during combustion of solid mixed fuel (combustion chamber) and natural gas (CH4- in the post combustion diamber)

[0069] - Flaw, pressure, temperatures

[0070] - Powders (mg / Nm3)

[0071] - Humidity (% H2O)

[0072] - Oxygen (%)

[0073] - CO (ppm)

[0074] - CO2(%)

[0075] - NOx (ppm)

[0076] - SO2(ppm)

[0077] - NH3(ppm)

[0078] - HCI (ppm)

[0079] - HF (ppm)

[0080] - Nitrogen - optional - Do

[0081] - Hydrocyanic acid - Optional Do

[0082] - Clor - Optional Do

[0083] - Dioxin - OPTIONAL - DoDrafting

[0084] - average emission limit values for % hour

[0085] - average daily emission limit values for polluting substances

[0086] - limit values at 6 and 8 hours of operation Monitoring according to Law 278 / 2013

[0087] - Processed parameters and gas composition at the monitoring point / parameters to be monitored; nominal values, minimum values, maximum values, desired measurement range according to Annex No. 1 to the description of the invention.

[0088] The temperature calculation summary is presented in Appendix no. 2 General assembly steam boiler 10t / h, 15 bar mixed solid fuel Fig. No. 1 In the table attached to the description, the Gas calculation summary is presented The initial data of the combustion chamber and the post-combustion chamber, combustion data, quantity, calorific power, flow rates, excess air, element analysis are presented in the Annex with initial data, attached to the description.

[0089] On the presented boiler with the presented combustion installation, analyzes and measurements of the combustion gases presented in the Technical Report on the determination of instantaneous emissions values attached to the description were made.

[0090] It is mentioned in the conclusions:

[0091] The measured emission values are below the maximum permissible values according to the Law 278 / 2013.

[0092] The process parameters and gas composition in the monitoring process, the parameters that are monitored are presented in the Appendix Code CMC-ON- L-6-MV-CTDL - 10 t / h, 15 bar, 250°C attached to the description of the invention.

[0093] 2. Specification of the technical field to which the invention refers

[0094] - Industry

[0095] Industrial steam boilers on solid mixed fuel - with post-combustion combustion chamber in the version: on natural gas GN ± H2

[0096] - On natural gas (green hydrogen)

[0097] In the range: 5 t / h; 10 t / h; 20 t / h; 25 t / h, steam at 15 bar, - 250°C

[0098] The boilers produce technological steam for

[0099] Wood processing industry - timber dryers

[0100] The pulp and paper industry in pulp and paper combines

[0101] In various industry sectors that require process steam and / or process hot water

[0102] 3. Specifying the current state of the art

[0103] At the current state of the art. the burning of wood waste with reduced moisture 25 - 28% is solved.

[0104] 4, Presentation of the technical problem that the invention solves

[0105] Combustion of wood waste and green bark with moisture > 40% up to 52 ~

[0106] 55%.

[0107] Incineration of paper waste (shredded paper)

[0108] Incineration of plastic waste (plastic sheets) incineration of shredded plastic waste (solid plastic) Total combustion of dioxins and dioxin residues in the post combustion chamber with natural gas and / or NG fuel - natural gas ± green H2produced by alkaline electrolysis - alkaline water, or electrolysis of pure water using solar energy produced by photovoltaic panels - group of photovoltaic panels.

[0109] Component-based flue gas metering and continuous online monitoring of flue gas components - data storage by minutes, hours, days, months, quarter, semester, year. Metering of greenhouse gases

[0110] - considerable reduction of harmful substances

[0111] - cost reduction

[0112] - increasing the efficiency of the boiler on wood waste

[0113] - the use of wood waste with high and very high moisture content > 40%

[0114] - reduction of production costs of technological steam lei / t of technological steam

[0115] - reducing the consumption of natural gas and implicitly the harmful substances by using hydrogen green - H2in the post combustion chambers.

[0116] 5. Exposition of the invention as claimed, which characterizes the invention, the logical sequence of steps with the presentation of the conditions of development of the parameters and the technical means used.

[0117] By the presented invention the technical problems that had no solution were solved, namely:

[0118] - a new combustion chamber that allows the preheating and substantial reduction of the humidity of the solid mixed fuel, already from the phase of feeding the solid mixed fuel with a hydraulic feeder

[0119] - a new combustion plant with fluidized bed combustion grates that allows for a much more efficient combustion of the solid mixed fuel in the components and in the presented participation and in other participations as needed

[0120] - the use of the lens (lens ring) in the combustion chamber, which allows for a much more efficient and rapid combustion of solid mixed fuel with high humidity

[0121] - complete combustion of the solid mixed fuel, efficient, with compliance with the requirements of harmful substances allowed according to the Environmental Legislation.

[0122] - use of the combustion chamber - after combustion with natural gas GN and / or GN + green hydrogen H2fuel.

[0123] - the use of the customized mobile grate driving system according to the project TR 01-1.0

[0124] - the use of primary air and secondary air distribution systems that allow a very efficient fluidized bed combustion

[0125] - the use of the cooling water distribution system, which allows a high thermal load

[0126] - the use of an innovative, very efficient combustion chamber construction that allows a much higher thermal load than in classic boilers and with a much longer lifespan.

[0127] For the representative boiler in the range that was designed and manufactured at the Drobeta Tumu Severin Pulp and Paper Mill - CCH Drobeta Tumu Severin.

[0128] Industrial technological steam boiler type CTDL- 10 t / h x 15 baron solid fuel. Constructive characteristics

[0129] - length 7850 mm

[0130] - width 2800 mm

[0131] - height 2400 mm

[0132] - total grate surface 10,3 m2

[0133] - free grate surface 0,4 m2(3968 x ∅10)

[0134] - combustion chamber volume 23,8 m3Functional characteristics

[0135] - nominal fuel consumption 3200 kg / h ±10%

[0136] - maximum fuel layer thickness 300 - 400 mm

[0137] - primary air flow 10000 mc / h

[0138] • primary air temperature 218°C

[0139] - secondary air flow 3500 mc / h

[0140] • secondary air temperature 80°C

[0141] - cooling water flow 144 mc / h

[0142] • Tcoolingwater 40°C

[0143] - Cooling pump pressure 6 bar

[0144] - Air excess 1,2 ± 1,3

[0145] - Grate thermal toad 800 - 1500 kW / m2

[0146] - Grate mass toad 100 - 400 kg / m2h

[0147] - Combustion chamber volume thermal load 200 - 465 kW / mc Combustion gas calculation summary, temperature calculation - presented in the Appendix to the description.

[0148] Temperatures

[0149] - Theoretical burning temperature

[0150] - mixt solid fuel 981 ,9°C

[0151] - post combustion theoretical burning temperature - natural gas 1333°C

[0152] - theoretical combustion temperature post-combustion diamber 1260°C

[0153] Fuel

[0154] Solid Mixt

[0155] - component and participation - wood sawdust with a grain size of 1 - 4 mm, humidity ≤ 40%, - participation 7%

[0156] - wood chips and granulated bark 10 - 40 mm

[0157] - humidity > 40%

[0158] - participation 30%

[0159] - cardboard and paper shreds

[0160] - graine size 10 - 25 mm

[0161] - humidity ≤ 20%

[0162] - participation 30% - plastic film waste shredding

[0163] - 10-25 mm,

[0164] - humidity≤ 10%

[0165] - participations 30%

[0166] - plastic material shredding

[0167] - graine size 10 - 25 mm

[0168] - humidity 5 10%

[0169] - participation 3 %

[0170] Process parameters and gas composition at the monitoring point

[0171] - The temperature of the gases at the exit from the postcombustion diamber 980 - 1260°C

[0172] - Flue gas temperature at the chimney 160- 220°C

[0173] - Flue gas flow 2453 Nm3 / h

[0174] - Theoretical combustion temperature 1333°C, post combustion chamber

[0175] - Enthalpy of combustion gases 16801 KJ / Nm3

[0176] Law 278 / 2013, 211 / 2011

[0177] Continuous online monitoring of flue gas emissions (O2, CO2, CO, SO2, NO2,

[0178] NOx

[0179] - Dioxin polluting emissions

[0180] - Greenhouse gases emissions

[0181] - Quantity reporting GES

[0182] The determination of emissions (which are not carried out during continuous online monitoring) will be earned out by a laboratory accredited by RENAR according to SR EN ISO 17025-2005

[0183] Determinations Method Determination limit

[0184] 1 Dioxin and furans SR EN 1948-1:2006 0,01 PG

[0185] PCDD / PCDF DIN EN 1948-2,3 (2006- Eq / Nm3060

[0186] 2 Hydrofluoric acid gas SR EN 15259-2009 0,1 μg / Vol.sol. SR IS0 1578:2008 a60 Calorimetric determination of HF and F sanitary chemistry of the environment

[0187] 3 Powders isokinetik SR EN 15259:2009 0,01 conditions SR 1509096:2005 mg / Nm3SE EN 13284-1:2002 Stage 2

[0188] - Choosing the hydrogen production station according to needs, hourly consumption. The method of hydrogen production through water electrolysis is chosen:

[0189] * Alkaline method

[0190] - Pure water electrolysis method

[0191] In principle, modular stations are chosen, customized production stations with a hydrogen tank 1 ±4 bar.

[0192] Electrolysis will use a solar energy source - with photovoltaic panels.

[0193] With this method, hydrogen does not need to be compressed, being able to be used at the pressure at which it results from electrolysis 0,5 + 1 bar.

[0194] Electrolyzers with CE marking - certificates will be used.

[0195] Specific consumption - power - efficiency

[0196] 4,8 kWh / Nm3H2; 53,3 kWh / kgH2

[0197] Stage 3

[0198] Installation mounting Industrial steam boiler on solid mixed fuel with automation installation and related online metering.

[0199] Assembly - installation of a modular hydrogen production station by electrolysis of water, with solar energy with photovoltaic panels.

[0200] Fitting ~ installing the green H2hydrogen supply pipe for injection into the burner gas supply line in the afterburner chamber

[0201] Functional tests, accessory checks, verifications, security functions, automation plant protection and monitoring:

[0202] - control

[0203] - protection

[0204] - adjustment

[0205] - signaling

[0206] - monitoring

[0207] Checks of pressure transducers, pressure switches, pressure regulators, level probes, level regulators, fittings, AMCs, functions and protections and recording results.

[0208] Check essential security requirements and registration of results. Verification of compliance with requirements SSM - PCI - PSI.

[0209] Functional tests and monitoring, flue gas metering. Checking the combustion plant and monitoring according to the requirements of the technical documentation and the applicable technical prescriptions.

[0210] Achievemente.

[0211] A representative steam boiler of 10 t / h x 15 bar on mixed solid fuel was executed, built, put into operation with checks and functional tests at CCH Drobeta Tumu Severin.

[0212]

[0213] Technical Report Determination of instantaneous emission values

[0214] SC TEST NOT LABORATOR SRL of Cluj-Napoca conducted a series of analyses of the combustion gases discharged through the stack over a period of approx. 15 minutes.

[0215] The determination of the values of the components in the combustion gases was performed with the DRAGER MSI 150 PRO2 professional gas analyzer, and the values are listed in the annex.

[0216] Before performing the measurements, the steam boiler was brought to its nominal parameters, being supplied with the amounts of mixed fuel established by the functional calculation handbook no. TR01 - BCG.

[0217] As a result of the measurements performed, the following values for the components of the combustion gases were obtained: components sample no. 1 sample no. 2 sample no. 3 sample no. 4 sample no. 5 O2(%) 16.2 17.8 16.5 15.8 16.7 CO2(%) 4.6 3.1 4.4 6.0 4.2 CO (ppm) 9 10 4 11 6 NO (ppm) 46 1 26 48 29 NOx(ppm) 48 1 27 50 30 SO2(ppm) 0 1 0 0 0 A 4.4 6.47 4.62 4.06 4.85

[0218] Weighted average: ∑O2 / 5 = 16.6 % ∑ CO2 / 5 = 4.26 % ∑ CO / 5 = 8 ppm ∑NO / 5 = 30 ppm∑NOx / 5 = 31.2 ppm

[0219] References: O2= 11.0 % CO < 50 ppm N2<300 ppm NO.x < 400 ppm C O2= 6.5 % λ = 2.4 Conclusions:

[0220] - the measured values of the emissions are below the maximum admissible value, according to Law 278 / 2013.

[0221] - higher values for O2and λ indicate a higher air flow introduced into the drying area of the wet fuel, air that does not participate in combustion and is found In the combustion gases discharged through the stack at a tower temperature.

[0222] - along with the excess air, a quantity of moisture resulting from the drying of the fuel is also carried, and in this case, the add dew point may occur in the combustion gases discharged through the stack at a low temperature.

[0223] Recommendations:

[0224] - the fuel storage area must be weatherproof.

[0225] - the fuel must go through a pre-drying process before it is introduced into the furnace of the boiler

[0226] - the fuel fraction mixing recipe must be followed (as much as possible).

[0227] 12.4 Drawings

[0228] Related to the patent application for the invention with the title

[0229] CTDL type Industrial steam boilers on solid mixed fuel with high humidity > 40%, with fuel post-combustion chamber GN and GN + H2.

[0230] Range: 5 t / h; 10 t / h; 20 t / h; 25 t / h, 15 - 16 bar; 250°C, 204°C.

[0231] Figure 1 Steam boiler 10 t / h x 15 baron mixt solid fuel.

[0232] Figure 2 Steam boiler 20 t / h x 16 bar

[0233] Figure 3 Combustion plant assembly.

[0234] The drawings show the subassemblies:

[0235] - combustion plant assembly Poz. 1

[0236] • vaporizer system Poz. 2

[0237] - fuel supply system Poz. 3

[0238] - Hydraulic grate drive system Poz. 4

[0239] Steam boilers in the construction version without superheater at 204°C and with steam superheater at 250°C on solid mixed fuel, bum this fuel in the granulation and participation shown in the description.

[0240] The boilers are provided with a post-combustion chamber, with a GN and / or GN + HHnatural gas burner. The boilers are provided with an online monitoring system and flue gas metering.

Claims

12.3 ClaimsRelated to the invention with the title:Subject of the inventionCTDL type industrial steam boilers on solid mixed fuel with high humidity > 40% with post-combustion chamber on GN - natural gas and / or GN ± green H2Technical characteristics particular to the inventionRange 5t / h: 10 t / h; 20 t / h; 25 t / hTsteam250°C; version Tsteam204°C pmax15 - 16 bar. Tabur250°C; 204°CThe solid mixed fuel with participatory evaluation shown In the description of the invention having the invention title- wood sawdust* wood chips and bark- cardboard and paper shreds- plastic film waste shredding- shredded plastic material.- nominal fuel consumption 3200 kg / h ± 10%- fuel layer max. granulation 300 - 400 mm- primary air flow rate 1000 m3 / h- secondary air flow rate 3500 m3 / h- excess air 1.2 - 1,3- thermal load of the grates 800 - 1500 kW / m2- furnace volume thermal load 200 - 465 kW / m3- thermal load of the grate 100 - 400 kg / m3hTemperatures10 t / h, 15 bar CTDL steam boiler- Theoretical combustion temperature in the solid combustion chamber 981 °C- Theoretical combustion temperature in the solid post-combustion chamber 1260°CClaims - continuedA continuous gas emissions monitoring system is used, using environmental software compliant with the current environmental regulations, Law no. 278 / 2013.Process parameters and gas composition at the point of monitorization- Combustion gas temperature at the stack 160 - 220*C- Flow rate, pressures, temperatures• Powders (mg / Nm3)- Humidity (% H2O)- Gas emissions by components as shown in the description1. CTDL type industrial steam boilers on mixed solid fuel with high moisture content > 40%, featuring a post-combustion chamber, characterized by the following: the combustion plant (1) located at the bottom with a combustion chamber (A) and a post-combustion chamber (B), where preheated primary air and secondary air are supplied via a combustion plant using natural gas and / or GN + green H2in the post-combustion chamber. The boilers are also equipped with a vaporizer system (2), a fuel supply system (3). a hydraulic grate drive system (4). connections, and a flue stackBoiler as indicated in claim 1 characterized by the following:- a new combustion chamber (A) that addresses and solves pre-drying and preheating (TR01-STH) (Fig. 5), along with a significant reduction in the moisture content of the mixed solid fuel, already from the fuel supply phase using a hydraulic feeder.- a new combustion system (1) (TR01-0) with fluidized bed grates that enable a much more efficient burning of the mixed solid fuel with the composition and participation presented, according to the requirements- the use of the lens (lens ring) in the combustion chamber (A), which enables a much more efficient and faster burning of the mixed solid fue! with a high moisture content (TR01-STH) - Fig. 5- complete and efficient burning of the mixed solid fuel, in compliance with the requirements for allowed NOx emissions according to environmental legislation the use of the post-combustion chamber (B) using natural gas GN and / or GN + H2- green hydrogen as fuelClaims * continued the use of a customized mobile grate drive system according to the project TR01-1.0,- the use of the primary and secondary air distribution system (6) that enables a highly efficient burning in a fluidized bed - Fig. 3.- the use of cooling water distribution systems that enable a high thermal load capacity (TR01-STH) - Fig, 5- the use of an innovative, highly efficient lining (2) in the combustion chamber that enables a much higher thermal load than in conventional boilers and provides a significantly longer lifespan ~ Fig. 3.As applicant and author of the invention, and as holder of the invention and inventor, I hereby request the exclusive right to use the invention• I request to ensure no third party uses the invention to reproduce, manufacture, market, or offer for sale, place on the market, import, export, or use a product which includes the invention, or to which It applies, or to store such product or service for these purposes without the inventor's prior consent. Otherwise. it is prohibited for third parties to carry out any of the actions listed above Regarding the inventionThe inventor's consent as holder of ths exclusive right to use the invention shall only be granted in writing, through a contact with the third party that requests to use in any way the invention. throughout the validity period of the registration and protection of the invention, the patent holder and the inventor shall have the exclusive right to use, exploit, and prevent the use of the invention by any third party that does not have the written consent of the inventor obtained through a contract concluded with the said third party.- I hereby request to have the invention protected in accordance with the legislation in force- I hereby request the urgent publication of the invention patent application- the rights are requested commencing on the date the patent is registered at OSIMClaims - continued- the use of the invention by Individuals or legal entities shall only be permitted upon the inventor's written consent, obtained through a contract concluded with the inventor or patent holder for each use of the invention, on a per-unit basis for products or services.

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