Buffer status reporting
By employing a method that adjusts buffer size fields to indicate a part of the buffer size index and includes a subfield for additional information, the method addresses the limitations of the existing BSR MAC CE, enhancing resource allocation accuracy and efficiency in scenarios with multiple LCGs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-02
AI Technical Summary
The uncertainty in uplink resource allocation due to the limited buffer size field in the Buffer Status Report (BSR) MAC CE, which is only 5 or 8 bits long, leads to potential over-allocation or under-allocation of resources, especially in scenarios with multiple Logical Channel Groups (LCGs) having different priorities and QoS requirements.
Implementing a method where a first buffer size field indicates a part of a first buffer size index and a second buffer size field includes a subfield to provide additional information about the first buffer size, allowing for a finer granularity of buffer size indication without increasing transmission overhead, through bit-borrowing or bit-recycling between LCGs.
This approach enhances the accuracy of buffer size reporting, reducing quantization errors and improving resource allocation efficiency by allowing for more precise indication of buffer sizes across different LCGs with varying priorities.
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Figure CN2024120631_02042026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
BUFFER STATUS REPORTINGFIELD
[0001] Example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of communications and in particular, to a terminal device, a network device, methods, apparatuses, a computer readable storage medium and a computer program product for a buffer status report (BSR) .BACKGROUND
[0002] Buffer status report / reporting (BSR) may be used to signal uplink (UL) traffic to gNB. The BSR may be a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) that carries information of how much data is in the user equipment (UE) buffer to be sent out. This mechanism allows the network to allocate UL resources (i.e., UL grant) when the UE has something to transmit and to attempt to limit the amount of over-allocation by granting only what the UE needs. There is however always some uncertainty when the network allocates resources as the buffer size field of the BSR MAC CE is only 5 or 8 bits long, depending on if it is a short or one of the long BSR formats.SUMMARY
[0003] In general, example embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for a transmission of BSR.
[0004] In a first aspect, there is provided a terminal device. The terminal device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions, wherein the instructions when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device at least to: determine a first buffer size of a first logical channel group (LCG) and a second buffer size of a second LCG; generate a buffer status report comprising at least a first buffer size field and a second buffer size field; set the first buffer size field to indicate at least a part of a first buffer size index of the first LCG, wherein the first buffer size index indicates a first range within which the first buffer size of the first LCG is; set a first subfield of the second buffer size field to indicate at least a part of a second buffer size index of the second LCG, wherein the second buffer size index indicates a second range within which the second buffer size of the second LCG is; set a second subfield of the second buffer size field to indicate information of the first buffer size of the first LCG; and transmit, to a network device, the buffer status report comprising at least the first and second buffer size fields.
[0005] In a second aspect, there is provided a network device. The network device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions, wherein the instructions when executed by the at least one processor, cause the network device at least to: receive, from a terminal device, a buffer status report comprising at least a first buffer size field and a second buffer size field; determine a first range within which a first buffer size of a first LCG is based on the first buffer size field and a second subfield of the second buffer size field, wherein the first buffer size field indicates at least a part of a first buffer size index of the first LCG and the second subfield of the second buffer size field indicates information of the first buffer size, wherein the first buffer size index indicates the first range within which the first buffer size of the first LCG is; and determine a second range within which a second buffer size of a second LCG is based on at least a first subfield of the second buffer size field, wherein the first subfield of the second buffer size field indicates at least a part of a second buffer size index of the second LCG, wherein the second buffer size index indicates the second range within which the second buffer size of the second LCG is.
[0006] In a third aspect, there is provided a method. The method comprises: determining, at a terminal device, a first buffer size of a first LCG and a second buffer size of a second LCG; generating a buffer status report comprising at least a first buffer size field and a second buffer size field; setting the first buffer size field to indicate at least a part of a first buffer size index of the first LCG, wherein the first buffer size index indicates a first range within which the first buffer size of the first LCG is; setting a first subfield of the second buffer size field to indicate at least a part of a second buffer size index of the second LCG, wherein the second buffer size index indicates a second range within which the second buffer size of the second LCG is; setting a second subfield of the second buffer size field to indicate information of the first buffer size of the first LCG; and transmitting, to a network device, the buffer status report comprising at least the first and second buffer size fields.
[0007] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a method. The method comprises: receiving, at a network device from a terminal device, a buffer status report comprising at least a first buffer size field and a second buffer size field; determining a first range within which a first buffer size of a first LCG is based on the first buffer size field and a second subfield of the second buffer size field, wherein the first buffer size field indicates at least a part of a first buffer size index of the first LCG and the second subfield of the second buffer size field indicates information of the first buffer size of the first LCG, wherein the first buffer size index indicates the first range within which the first buffer size of the first LCG is; and determining a second range within which a second buffer size of a second LCG is based on at least a first subfield of the second buffer size field, wherein the first subfield of the second buffer size field indicates at least a part of a second buffer size index of the second LCG, wherein the second buffer size index indicates the second range within which the second buffer size of the second LCG is.
[0008] In a fifth aspect, there is provided an apparatus. The apparatus comprises: means for determining a first buffer size of a first LCG and a second buffer size of a second LCG; means for generating a buffer status report comprising at least a first buffer size field and a second buffer size field; means for setting the first buffer size field to indicate at least a part of a first buffer size index of the first LCG, wherein the first buffer size index indicates a first range within which the first buffer size of the first LCG is; means for setting a first subfield of the second buffer size field to indicate at least a part of a second buffer size index of the second LCG, wherein the second buffer size index indicates a second range within which the second buffer size of the second LCG is; means for setting a second subfield of the second buffer size field to indicate information of the first buffer size of the first LCG; and means for transmitting, to a network device, the buffer status report comprising at least the first and second buffer size fields.
[0009] In a sixth aspect, there is provided an apparatus. The apparatus comprises: means for receiving, from a terminal device, a buffer status report comprising at least a first buffer size field and a second buffer size field; means for determining a first range within which a first buffer size of a first LCG is based on the first buffer size field and a second subfield of the second buffer size field, wherein the first buffer size field indicates at least a part of a first buffer size index of the first LCG and the second subfield of the second buffer size field indicates information of the first buffer size of the first LCG, wherein the first buffer size index indicates the first range within which the first buffer size of the first LCG is; and means for determining a second range within which a second buffer size of a second LCG is based on at least a first subfield of the second buffer size field, wherein the first subfield of the second buffer size field indicates at least a part of a second buffer size index of the second LCG, wherein the second buffer size index indicates the second range within which the second buffer size of the second LCG is.
[0010] In a seventh aspect, there is provided a non-transitory computer readable medium comprising program instructions for causing an apparatus to perform at least the method in a third or fourth aspect.
[0011] In an eighth aspect, there is provided a computer program comprising instructions, which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least the method in a third or fourth aspect.
[0012] It is to be understood that the summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] Some example embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0014] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a network environment in which some example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented;
[0015] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a process flow in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0016] FIGs. 3A-3B illustrate some examples of BSR MAC CE in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0017] FIGs. 4A-4G illustrate some examples of bits for LCGs in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0018] FIG. 5 illustrates another example of a process flow in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0019] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0020] FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a network device in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0021] FIG. 8 illustrates a simplified block diagram of a device that is suitable for implementing some example embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0022] FIG. 9 illustrates a block diagram of an example of a computer readable medium in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0023] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0025] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0026] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0027] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0028] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof. As used herein, “at least one of the following: <a list of two or more elements>” and “at least one of <a list of two or more elements>” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements are joined by “and” or “or” , mean at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all the elements.
[0029] As used in this application, the term “circuitry” may refer to one or more or all of the following:
[0030] (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (such as implementations in only analog and / or digital circuitry) ;
[0031] (b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as (as applicable) :
[0032] (i) a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuit (s) with software / firmware, and
[0033] (ii) any portions of hardware processor (s) with software (including digital signal processor (s) ) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile phone or server, to perform various functions; and
[0034] (c) hardware circuit (s) and / or processor (s) , such as a microprocessor (s) or a portion of a microprocessor (s) , that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation.
[0035] This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claims. As a further example, as used in this application, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. The term circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.
[0036] As used herein, the term “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , New Radio (NR) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) , Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) , Non-terrestrial network (NTN) , IoT over NTN, Wi-Fi and so on. Furthermore, the communications in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) , the sixth generation (6G) communication protocols, IEEE 802.11 protocols and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will of course also be future type communication technologies and systems with which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned system.
[0037] As used herein, the term “network device” refers to a node in a communication network via which a terminal device accesses the network and receives services therefrom. The network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP) , for example, a node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a new radio (NR) NB (also referred to as a gNB) , a Remote Radio Unit (RRU) , a radio header (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay, a low power node such as a femto, a pico, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and technology.
[0038] The term “terminal device” refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communication. By way of example rather than limitation, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, user equipment (UE) , a Subscriber Station (SS) , a Portable Subscriber Station, a Mobile Station (MS) , an Access Terminal (AT) , or an internet of things (IoT) device. The terminal device may include, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, a tablet, a wearable terminal device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , portable computers, desktop computer, image capture terminal devices such as digital cameras, gaming terminal devices, music storage and playback appliances, vehicle-mounted wireless terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , USB dongles, smart devices, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE) , an Internet of Things (loT) device, a machine type communication (MTC) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD) , a vehicle, a drone, a medical device and applications (e.g., remote surgery) , an industrial device and applications (e.g., a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts) , a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. In the following description, the terms “terminal device” , “communication device” , “terminal” , “user equipment” and “UE” may be used interchangeably.
[0039] Within the discussion of Release 18 SA2, the usability of Multi-modal Service ID for RAN was considered and while it was concluded not to include Multi-modal Service ID (MMSID) into the information passed down to RAN, it was also considered trivial and can easily be added if needed.
[0040] In a multi-modal interactive system, multi-modal outputs are generated based on the inputs from multiple sources. In the multi-modal interactive system, modality is a type or representation of information in a specific interactive system. Multi-modal interaction is the process during which information of multiple modalities are exchanged. Modal types consist of motion, sentiment, gesture, etc. Modal representations consist of video, audio, tactition (vibrations or other movements which provide haptic or tactile feelings to a person) , etc.
[0041] A multi-modal service is a communication service that consists of several data flows that relate to each other and that are subject to application coordination. The data flows can transfer different types of data (for example, audio, video, positioning, haptic data) and may come from different sources (e.g., a single UE, a single device or multiple devices connected to the single UE, or multiple UEs) .
[0042] For the single UE case, it is expected that those data flows are closely related and require strong application coordination for the proper execution of the multi-modal application and therefore, all those data flows are transmitted in a single protocol data unit (PDU) session.
[0043] The Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS service allows the application function (AF) to provide, at the same time, for each data flow that belongs to the multi-modal service, a Multi-modal Service ID (MMSID) , the service requirements and the quality of service (QoS) monitoring requirements:
[0044] - The Multi-modal Service ID is an explicit indication that data flows are related to a multi-modal service. The policy control function (PCF) may use this information to derive the correct policy charging and control (PCC) rules and to apply appropriate QoS policies for the data flows that are part of a specific multi-modal application.
[0045] - The AF may provide QoS monitoring requirements for data flows associated to a multi-modal service to the PCF. The PCF generates the authorized QoS Monitoring policy for each data flow.
[0046] In order to start the QoS monitoring for the data flows associated to a multi-modal service within a certain period of time, the PCF needs to receive the QoS monitoring requirements for those data flows from AF within a single request or, in case of multiple requests, within a short period of time.
[0047] UL traffic models for eXtended Reality (XR) services have been defined in the 3GPP and four different options for Augmented Reality (AR) UL traffic model are provided. Given that AR has multiple streams in UL, one can choose a model from various options depending on what / how to model the streams. For a one stream model (i.e. Model 1) , table 1 below shows statistical parameters for AR UL model 1.
[0048] Table 1
[0049] Such UL traffic is signaled to the gNB via a BSR, which is a MAC CE that carries the information of how much data is in the UE buffer to be sent out. It is supported in both LTE and NR standards for informing the UL resource allocation by the network. This mechanism allows the network to allocate UL resources (UL Grant) only when the UE has something to transmit and to attempt to limit the amount of over-allocation by granting only what the UE needs. There is however always some uncertainty when the base station allocates resources as the Buffer Size field of the BSR MAC CE is only 5 or 8 bits long, depending on if it is a short or one of the long BSR formats.
[0050] Instead of reporting actual bytes in the buffer, the UE uses pre-defined tables to discretize the actual buffer status (BS = number of bytes in the buffer) to an index from the tables, where each index is associated with a rounded-up version of the true bytes in the buffer. As such the base station only works with an upper limit. For example, the following table 2 shows buffer size level (in bytes) for 8-bit buffer size field. As an example, an index 65 tells the receiver that the BS is between 561 and 597 bytes.
[0051] Table 2
[0052] In Table 2 the bin size is smaller when reporting smaller number of bytes, e.g. index 2 has a bin size of 1 byte, whereas index 63 has a bin size of 526-494 (i.e. approximately 30 bytes) . The intuition behind this existing approach is that when the network is allocating resources for a larger number of bytes the number of bytes error or overhead in the allocation can be larger. However, when multiple LCGs are reported, the sizing of the bins used may follow this approach. For example, if a first LCG is reporting a larger number of bytes with a higher priority, and a second LCG is reporting a lower number of bytes with a lower priority, the second LCG may utilize a very small bin as per Table 2. However, the second LCG does not need to have such a small bin / accurate estimate of the exact number of bytes pending in the second LCG if the network is likely going to grant a larger allocation, i.e. an allocation which is large enough bytes to carry the bytes in both the 1st and 2nd buffers.
[0053] The network groups different QoS flows of similar requirements into an LCG. This means that unrelated QoS flows can end up in the same LCG; and QoS flows for the same service, but with different quality requirements, can instead end up in different LCGs. For example, for one XR service, video, audio and pose information all relate to each other may have different QoS requirements, and thus may be grouped into different LCGs. Therefore, flows with the same MMSID may be grouped into different LCGs and a dedicated buffer status will be generated for each LCG.
[0054] Several capacity improvements around BSR are introduced while focusing on reducing the table bin sizes (i.e., range of BS values conveyed) , so that when the UE reports BSR, a smaller quantization error occurs. BSR can be reported per LCG in three main formats –Short BSR, Long BSR and Refined Long BSR. For example, the refined long BSR table with narrower ranges has been introduced. Table 3 below shows buffer size level (in bytes) for buffer size field in the refined long BSR.
[0055] Table 3
[0056] Rel. 18 Refined Long BSR targets a select subset of XR traffic parameters from about 10 Mbps@120 FPS to about 150Mbps@24 FPS. LCGs can be selectively enabled to support this table (i.e., Table 3 above) and in the case where the buffer status value is outside the new refined Long range of the table, the BSR is reported with the legacy Long BSR table (i.e., Table 2 above) . The average error rate of the refined Long BSR table is 1%for a realistic UL XR video traffic and 3.1%for the legacy 8 bit Long BSR table. However, the following issue may occur: PDUs can accumulate (build up) in the UE’s buffer leading to BS values which are outside of the Refined Long Table scope, which then results in fallback reports with the 3.1%error rate.
[0057] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for a transmission of BSR. In the solution, a first buffer size field may be set to indicate at least a part of a first buffer size index of a first LCG and a second subfield of a second buffer size field may be set to indicate information of the first buffer size, as such, more bits can be used for the indication of a BS value for the first LCG. Therefore, a finer granularity of BS range (e.g., a narrowed BS range) can be indicated without increasing the transmission overhead. Principles and implementations of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the figures.
[0058] In the present disclosure, a first buffer size field in a BSR may be formed by a first set of bits, in some examples, the first buffer size field and the first set of bits may be used interchangeably. A second buffer size field in a BSR may be formed by a second set of bits, in some examples, the second set of bits and the second buffer size field may be used interchangeably. In the present disclosure, the second buffer size field may include a first subfield formed by a first portion of the second set of bits and a second subfield formed by a second portion of the second set of bits, and the first / second subfield and the first / second portion may be used interchangeably.
[0059] In the present disclosure, a term “bit-borrowing” is used to indicate that at least one bit which is reserved for one LCG will be borrowed to indicate information about another LCG. The bit-borrowing may also be referred to as bit-recycling, bit transfer, or the like, and the present disclosure does not limit for this aspect. It is noted that in legacy BSRs, one buffer size field is used to indicate buffer size of one LCG. As such, the first buffer size field of a legacy BSR is configured for indicating (or by default indicates) a first buffer size index associated with the first buffer size of the first LCG, and the second buffer size field of a legacy BSR is configured for indicating (or by default indicates) a second buffer size index associated with a buffer size of a second LCG.
[0060] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a network environment 100 in which some example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. The network environment 100, which may be a part of a communication network, comprises a terminal device 110, a network device 120, and a core network (CN) entity 130. The network environment 100 may also be called as a network system, a communication environment, a communication network, a communication system, or the like, the present disclosure does not limit this aspect. The terminal device 110 may connect to the CN entity 130 via the network device 120.
[0061] The communication environment 100 may comprise any suitable number of devices and cells. In the communication environment 100, the network device 120 can provide services to the terminal device 110, and the network device 120 and the terminal device 110 may communicate data and control information with each other. In some embodiments, the network device 120 and the terminal device 110 may communicate with direct links / channels.
[0062] In the system 100, a link from the network device 120 to the terminal device 110 is referred to as a downlink (DL) , while a link from the terminal device 110 to the network device 120 is referred to as an uplink (UL) . In downlink, the network device 120 is a transmitting (TX) device (or a transmitter) and the terminal device 110 is a receiving (RX) device (or a receiver) . In uplink, the terminal device 110 is a transmitting TX device (or a transmitter) and the network device 120 is a RX device (or a receiver) . It is to be understood that the network device 120 may provide one or more serving cells. In some embodiments, the network device 120 can provide multiple cells.
[0063] Communications in the network environment 100 may be implemented according to any proper communication protocol (s) , comprising, but not limited to, cellular communication protocols of the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , the fifth generation (5G) and the sixth generation (6G) and on the like, wireless local network communication protocols such as Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 and the like, and / or any other protocols currently known or to be developed in the future. Moreover, the communication may utilize any proper wireless communication technology, comprising but not limited to: Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) , Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) , Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) , Time Division Duplex (TDD) , Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) , Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple (OFDM) , Discrete Fourier Transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) and / or any other technologies currently known or to be developed in the future.
[0064] In connection of split radio access network (RAN) , the network device may refer to a centralized unit (CU) of a base station and / or a distributed unit (DU) of a base station. An interface between CU and DU may be referred to as an F1 interface in NR. In the split RAN architecture, node operations may be carried out, at least partly, in the central / centralized unit, CU, (e.g. server, host or node) operationally coupled to the DU, (e.g. a radio head / node) . One CU may control one or more DUs, acting at least as transmit / receive (Tx / Rx) nodes. In some embodiments, the DUs may comprise e.g. a radio link control (RLC) , medium access control (MAC) layer and a physical (PHY) layer, whereas the CU may comprise the layers above RLC layer, such as a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio resource control (RRC) and an internet protocol (IP) layers. Other functional splits are possible too. In practice, any processing task may be performed in either the CU or the DU and the boundary where the responsibility is shifted between the CU and the DU may depend on the applied implementation.
[0065] It is to be understood that the numbers of devices (i.e., the terminal device 110 and the network device 120) and their connection relationships and types shown in FIG. 1 are only for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitation. For example, the environment 100 may include any suitable numbers of devices adapted for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, while FIG. 1 depicts the terminal device 110 as a mobile phone, the terminal device 110 may be any type of user equipment. For example, the terminal device 110 may include multiple types of devices such as VR glass type device, the gloves and other potential devices.
[0066] For example, a probability distribution function (PDF) for packet sizes shows that the cumulative quantization error (QE) is 1.0%for the refined long BSR table.
[0067] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a process flow 200 in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the process flow 200 will be described with reference to FIG. 1. The process flow 200 involves a terminal device 110 and a network device 120. It would be appreciated that although the process flow 200 has been described in the network environment 100 of FIG. 1, this process flow may be likewise applied to other communication scenarios.
[0068] At 210, the terminal device 110 determines a first buffer size of a first LCG and a second buffer size of a second LCG. It should be understood that there may be multiple LCGs and accordingly multiple buffer sizes may be determined. Each LCG may comprise one or more logical channels (LCHs) .
[0069] In some embodiments, the first buffer size is larger than the second buffer size. In some embodiments, a priority of the first LCG is higher than a priority of the second LCG. For example, the priority of the first LCG may be a first buffer priority and the priority of the second LCG may be a second buffer priority.
[0070] In some embodiments, the first LCG and the second LCG may contain traffic flows / streams generated by services with the same MMSID.
[0071] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine, based on a default table (such as table 2 above) a first buffer size index which indicates a first range within which the first buffer size is. The terminal device 110 may determine, based on a default table (such as table 2 above) a second buffer size index which indicates a second range within which the second buffer size is.
[0072] At 220, the terminal device 110 generates a BSR which at least includes a first buffer size field and a second buffer size field. The BSR may be included in a MAC CE, accordingly the terminal device 110 generates a BSR MAC CE at 220.
[0073] The first buffer size field may be reserved (or assigned) for indicating a first buffer size index by default and the second buffer size field may be reserved (or assigned) for indicating a second buffer size index by default. For example, a default table (such as table 2 above) may be used by the terminal device 110 to determine the first buffer size index based on the first buffer size, and to determine the second buffer size index based on the second buffer size. In the present disclosure, the usage of the first and second buffer size fields may be adjusted (or changed) according to actual scenario, for example, at least one bit in the second buffer size field can be used for indicating information of the first buffer size index. For example, the generated BSR in the present disclosure may be called as a bit-borrowing BSR in some cases.
[0074] In some implementations, the generated BSR includes the first buffer size field which is formed by a first set of bits, and further includes the second buffer size field which is formed by a second set of bits.
[0075] In some implementations, the lengths of the first and second buffer size fields are identical, and each of the first and second buffer size fields may include a predefined number of bits. For example, the predefined number may be represented by an integer N0, which may be 5 or 8 or another value. In some implementations, the terminal device 110 may determine a value for each bit in the first and second buffer size fields, to generate the BSR.
[0076] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine the number of bits for the first LCG and the number of bits for the second LCG, e.g., based on one or more of: the first buffer size of the first LCG, the second buffer size of the second LCG, priorities of LCHs in the first LCG, and priorities of LCHs in the second LCG. For example, the terminal device 110 may determine N1 (e.g., N1=N0 or N1>N0) bits for the first LCG and N2 (e.g., N2=2*N0-N1, or N2=2*N0-N1+1, or N2=N0, or N2=N1, etc. ) bits for the second LCG. In an embodiment, each LCG has its own priority (which is e.g. used to prioritize LCGs when filling Padding BSR) , wherein the priority of a specific LCG is based on the LCHs of that specific LCG.
[0077] In some examples, the terminal device 110 may dynamically determine, according to an implicit rule without an explicit indication, the number of bits for each LCG based on at least one of the following: the data available for transmission in the buffer for each LCG or the priorities of LCHs in each LCG. For example, if the first buffer size is larger than the second buffer size, then N1>N2, that is, more bits will be used for the first LCG with a large amount of data, and less bits will be used for the second LCG with a small amount of data. For example, N1>N0, N1-N0 bits may be borrowed by the first LCG from another LCG with a lower priority.
[0078] In another example, if the first buffer size is larger than the second buffer size and the first buffer priority is higher (more important based on a predetermined importance criterion) than the second buffer priority, then N1>N2, that is, more bits will be used for the first LCG with a large amount of data, and less bits will be used for the second LCG with a small amount of data. In this example, the network is likely to next allocate bytes for at least the first buffer, where that allocation may be large enough for the smaller number of bytes in the second buffer. In this case where the network allocates for both the first and second buffer, the second buffer bin size does not need to be as accurate, if the network is likely to provide a larger allocation with enough resources for both the first and second buffer. For example, N1>N0, N1-N0 bits may be borrowed by the first LCG from another LCG with a lower priority.
[0079] In some example embodiments, the second set of bits may include a first portion of the second set of bits (e.g., forming a first subfield of the second buffer size field) and a second portion of the second set of bits (e.g., forming a second subfield of the second buffer size field) .
[0080] In some examples, the location of the second portion in the second set of bits (e.g., the location of the second subfield in the second buffer size field) is predefined or preconfigured by the network device 120. For example, the second portion of the second set of bits may be at least one most significant bit (MSB) or at least one least significant bit (LSB) in the second set of bits.
[0081] In some examples, the number of the second portion of the second set of bits (e.g., the length of the second subfield) may be predefined or preconfigured by the network device 120. For example, the second portion of the second set of bits may be 1 bit, or 2 bits, or another number of bits.
[0082] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine whether the second portion of the second set of bits is set to indicate the information of the first buffer size. In some examples, if the first LCG fulfills a predetermined condition, the terminal device 110 may determine that the second portion of the second set of bits should be set to indicate the information of the first buffer size. In some examples, if the first LCG does not fulfill the predetermined condition, the terminal device 110 may determine that the second portion of the second set of bits should not be set to indicate the information of the first buffer size, and the second portion of the second set of bits should be set to indicate a part of the second buffer size.
[0083] In some examples, the predefined condition may include: the first buffer size of the first LCG exceeds or is not smaller than a predetermined size threshold. For example, the predetermined size threshold may be predefined or preconfigured by the network device. For instance, the predetermined size threshold may be 20182 bytes or another value. In some examples, the predefined condition may include: the first buffer size index of the first LCG (e.g., determined based on a default table such as table 2 above) exceeds or is not smaller than a predetermined index threshold. For example, the predetermined index threshold may be predefined or preconfigured by the network device. For instance, the predetermined index threshold may be 121 or 122 or another value.
[0084] In some examples, if the predefined condition is not fulfilled, e.g., the first buffer size is smaller than the first predetermined size threshold, then the terminal device 110 may determine that the second portion of the second set of bits should be set to indicate a part of the second buffer size. In this case, the first portion of the second set of bits may be set to indicate a first part of the second buffer size and the second portion of the second set of bits may be set to indicate a second part of the second buffer size. That is, the second set of bits is set to indicate the second buffer size, as reserved for default. The first set of bits is set to indicate the first buffer size, as reserved for default. For example, the terminal device 110 may set the first buffer size field to indicate the first buffer size index and set the second buffer size field to indicate the second buffer size field.
[0085] In some examples, if the predefined condition is fulfilled, e.g., the first buffer size exceeds the first predetermined size threshold, then the terminal device 110 may determine that the second portion of the second set of bits should be set to indicate the information of the first buffer size.
[0086] In some instances, the second portion of the second set of bits may indicate a part of the first buffer size, for instance, the first set of bits may indicate a first part of the first buffer size and the second portion of the second set of bits may indicate a second part of the first buffer size. In this case, a number of bits for indicating the first buffer size may be represented as N1, where N1>N0. For ease of description, table expansion variant may refer to this option, where N1 bits may be used for representing an index. For example, the terminal device 110 may set the first buffer size field to indicate the first part of the first buffer size index and set the second subfield of the second buffer size field to indicate the second part of the first buffer size index. For example, the first set of bits and the second portion of the second set of bits can be concatenated to form the first buffer size index.
[0087] An extra-long table may be defined, e.g., N1-bit long table. For example, if N1=10, a 10-bit long BS table may be used for determining the first buffer size index. For example, if N1=10 and N0=8, then 2 bits may be borrowed by the first LCG from the second set of bits that were reserved for the second LCG.
[0088] In some embodiments, multiple thresholds may be defined or configured for determining the value of N1. For example, if the first buffer size is not larger than threshold 1, then N1=N0. For example, if the first buffer size is larger than threshold 1 and not larger than threshold 2, then N1=N0+1. For example, if the first buffer size is large than threshold 2 and not larger than threshold 3, then N1=N0+2. For example, if the first buffer size is larger than threshold 3 and not larger than threshold 4, then N1=N0+3. It should be noted that these examples are only for illustration without any limitation.
[0089] Alternatively, an additional bit may be included in the BSR, to indicate which table is used. For example, the BSR may include an additional bit associated with the first LCG, and the additional bit is set to a specific value (e.g., 1 or 0) for indicating that an extra-long table is used for the first LCG. For example, the BSR may include a table index field formed by a plurality of table index bits, one of which (i.e., one TI bit) may be the additional bit associated with the first LCG.
[0090] In some instances, the second portion of the second set of bits may indicate a sub-range of the first range indicated by the first buffer size index, for instance, the first set of bits may indicate the first buffer size and the second portion of the second set of bits may indicate a sub-range of the first range indicated by the first buffer size index. In this case, a number of bits for indicating the first buffer size may be represented as N1, where N1>N0. For ease of description, bin expansion variant may refer to this option. For example, the terminal device 110 may set the first buffer size field to indicate the first buffer size index and set the second subfield of the second buffer size field to indicate information of the first buffer size (e.g., a sub-range of the first range indicated by the first buffer size index) .
[0091] A default table may be used, e.g., N0-bit table. For example, if N0=8, then 8-bit table (such as table 2 above) may be used. If N1=10, then 2 bits may be borrowed by the first LCG from the second set of bits that were reserved for the second LCG. In other words, no additional table (such as 10-bit table of the table expansion variant) is needed in this bin expansion variant) .
[0092] For example, if the second portion of the second set of bits is 1 bit, the bit may be a first value to indicate a first half of the first range, or the bit may be a second value to indicate a second half of the first range.
[0093] For example, if the second portion of the second set of bits is at least 2 bits, i.e. including a first bit and a second bit, then the first bit may be a first value to indicate a first half of the first range, or the first bit may be a second value to indicate a second half of the first range. In addition, the second bit may be a first value to indicate a first half of a sub-range that indicated by the first bit, or the second bit may be a second value to indicate a second half of a sub-range that indicated by the first bit.
[0094] For example, the second portion of the second set of bits is at least one bit, and a mapping of the at least one bit and the sub-range of the first range is predefined. The terminal device 110 may determine the sub-range corresponding to the at least one bit based on the mapping.
[0095] Accordingly, N1 bits for the first LCG may be determined, in case N1>N0, N1-N0 bits can be borrowed from the second set of bits. Therefore, an expansion can be achieved, and a finer granularity for the bin can be indicated.
[0096] In addition, the terminal device 110 may determine N2 bits for the second LCG.
[0097] In some examples, the N2 bits may be the first portion of the second set of bits, i.e., N2=2*N0-N1. For example, the N2 bits are used for indicating the second buffer size index. For another example, the N2 bits are used for indicating a first part of the second buffer size index, while the second part of the second buffer size index will be regarded as at least one predetermined value. For instance, from the perspective of the network device 120, it may obtain the first portion of the second set of bits (i.e., 2*N0-N1 bits) and then make a padding with at least one predetermined value (e.g., all 0 or all 1) to determine the second buffer size index. For instance, the first portion of the second set of bits and the at least one bit with at least one predetermined value may be concatenated to form the second buffer size index.
[0098] In some examples, the N2 bits may include the first portion of the second set of bits and a portion of a third set of bits, where the third set of bits forms a third buffer size field which is reserved for a third LCG. For example, N2=N1 or N2=N0. For example, 2* (N1-N0) bits or N1-N0 bits may be borrowed from the third set of bits. In this case, the determination of the N2 bits for the second LCG may be similar as the determination of N1 bits for the first LCG discussed above.
[0099] At 230, the terminal device 110 transmits, and the network device 120 receives, the BSR which may be included in a MAC CE. In some examples, the BSR may be a bit-borrowing BSR as discussed above.
[0100] At 240, the network device 120 determines a range within which the first buffer size of the first LCG is and a range within which the second buffer size of the second LCG is.
[0101] In some implementations, the network device 120 may determine a first buffer size index and a second buffer size index based on the BSR. In addition, the network device 120 may further determine the range within which the first buffer size of the first LCG is based on the first buffer size index, and determine the range within which the second buffer size of the second LCG is based on the second buffer size index.
[0102] In some embodiments, the BSR may include a table index field formed by a plurality of table index bits, the network device 120 may decode one TI bit associated with the first LCG to determine which table is used for the first LCG. For example, the TI bit may indicate that N0-bit long table (such as table 2 above) is used, in this case, the network device 120 may determine a value of the first set of bits forming the first buffer size field, where the value is the first buffer size index. For another example, the TI bit may indicate that N1-bit long table may be used, in this case, the network device 120 may obtain the first set of bits forming the first buffer size field and a second portion of the second set of bits forming the second buffer size field, where the first set of bits and the second portion of the second set of bits may be concatenated to form the first buffer size index. In addition, the network device 120 may determine the range within which the first buffer size of the first LCG is based on the first buffer size index, using the table indicated by the TI bit.
[0103] In some embodiments, the network device 120 may determine a value of the first set of bits forming the first buffer size field. The network device 120 may further determine whether a predetermined condition is fulfilled based on the value of the first set of bits. For example, the predetermined condition may be: the value exceeds or is not smaller than a predetermined index threshold. For example, the network device 120 may determine a range corresponding to the value using a default table (such as table 2 above) , and the predetermined condition may be: the range (e.g., the upper limit or the lower limit) exceeds or is not smaller than a predetermined size threshold.
[0104] In some examples, if the predetermined condition is not fulfilled, the network device 120 will take the value of the first set of bits forming the first buffer size field as the first buffer size index, and then determine the range within which the first buffer size of the first LCG is based on the first buffer size index, using a default table such as table 2 above if N0=8.
[0105] In some examples, if the predetermined condition is fulfilled, the network device 120 may determine that a second portion of a second set of bits has been set to indicate information of the first buffer size index. For example, the network device 120 may determine that a second portion of the second set of bits is borrowed by the first LCG, that is, a bit-borrowing strategy is used by the terminal device 110.
[0106] In some examples, multiple thresholds may be defined or configured, and the network device 120 may determine a number of bits for indicating the first buffer size index, that is, a value of N1. For example, multiple thresholds may include threshold 1, threshold 2, threshold 3, threshold 4, etc. which are discussed above.
[0107] For example, the network device 120 may obtain the first set of bits forming the first buffer size field and a second portion of the second set of bits forming the second buffer size field, where the first set of bits and the second portion of the second set of bits may be concatenated to form the first buffer size index. In addition, the network device 120 may determine the range within which the first buffer size of the first LCG is based on the first buffer size index, using a T1-bit long table.
[0108] For example, the network device 120 may take the value of the first set of bits forming the first buffer size field as the first buffer size index, and then determine a first range within which the first buffer size of the first LCG is based on the first buffer size index, using a default table such as table 2 above if N0=8. In addition, the network device 120 may determine a sub-range of the first range based on the second portion of the second set of bits. For instance, the sub-range may be 1 / 2 (the second portion of the second set of bits is 1 bit) or 1 / 4 (the second portion of the second set of bits is 2 bits) of the first range.
[0109] In some embodiments, the network device 120 may further determine the second buffer size index of the second LCG. In some examples, the second set of bits is used for determining the second buffer size index, e.g., when the second portion is not borrowed by the first LCG. In some other examples, at least the first portion of the second set of bits may be used for determining the second buffer size index, e.g., when the second portion is borrowed by the first LCG.
[0110] For example, the network device 120 may determine a value of the first portion of the second set of bits, and take the value as the second buffer size index. For example, the network device 120 may determine N0 bits by padding at least one predetermined bit on the first portion of the second set of bits, and then determine the second buffer size index based on a value of the N0 bits. For example, the network device 120 may pad zero (s) at the beginning of the first portion of the second set of bits to form the second buffer size index based on the value of N0 bits. As another example, the network device 120 may determine N2 bits based on the first portion of the second set of bits and a portion of a third set of bits forming a third buffer size field.
[0111] In addition, the network device 120 may determine a range within which the second buffer size of the second LCG is based on the second buffer size index, using a table which is the same as or is different from that used for the first LCG.
[0112] In addition, the network device 120 may allocate resources for the first LCG and the second LCG based on the determined buffer sizes of the first and second LCGs, respectively.
[0113] Accordingly, a finer granularity for the bin can be indicated by the terminal device without additional signalling overhead, and thus the network device may allocate suitable resource, in this regard, the resource can be used for efficiently. Therefore, a lower error rate can be achieved.
[0114] FIG. 3A illustrates an example of a BSR MAC CE 310 in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. As illustrated, the BSR MAC CE 310 may include LCGi, which indicates the presence of the Buffer Size field for the logical channel group i. The LCGi field set to 1 indicates that the Buffer Size field for the logical channel group i is reported. As illustrated, the BSR MAC CE 310 may include Buffer Size Field 1-m.
[0115] As an example, a field 311 (i.e., the Buffer Size Field 1) may be implemented as the first buffer size field discussed with reference to FIG. 2, and a field 312 (i.e., the Buffer Size Field 2) may be implemented as the second buffer size field discussed with reference to FIG. 2. For example, the Buffer Size Field 1 may be set to indicate at least a part of a first buffer size index. For example, a second subfield of the Buffer Size Field 2 may be set to indicate information of the first buffer size index.
[0116] FIG. 3B illustrates an example of a BSR MAC CE 320 in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. As illustrated, the BSR MAC CE 320 may include LCGi, which indicates the presence of the Buffer Size field for the logical channel group i. The LCGi field set to 1 indicates that the Buffer Size field for the logical channel group i is reported. As illustrated, the BSR MAC CE 320 may include TIi field 325, which indicates a table for the logical channel group i. The TIi field set to 1 indicates a first table, and the TIi field set to 0 indicates a second table for the logical channel group i. As illustrated, the BSR MAC CE 320 may include Buffer Size Field 1-m.
[0117] As an example, a field 321 (i.e., the Buffer Size Field 1) may be implemented as the first buffer size field discussed with reference to FIG. 2, and a field 322 (i.e., the Buffer Size Field 2) may be implemented as the second buffer size field discussed with reference to FIG. 2. For example, the TIi field corresponding to the Buffer Size Field 1 indicates a 10-bit long table, then the Buffer Size Field 1 may be set to indicate a first part of a first buffer size index, and a second subfield of the Buffer Size Field 2 may be set to indicate a second part of the first buffer size index.
[0118] A detailed example will be provided below by considering an XR service with video and pose information in UL. It is assumed that the video information is the 3GPP defined 10Mbps@60FPS with truncated Gaussian distribution around the mean, and that the pose information is fixed 100 bytes every 4 ms. It is also assumed that there is no other traffic to make the example more straightforward, however, it should be noted that the present disclosure does not limit for this aspect.
[0119] In this example, it is assumed that the UL traffic carries both video and pose information, and the two QoS flows are in different LCGs, so that they have independent BS values reported in two octets in the BSR MAC CE. For example, a first LCG (LCG1) corresponds to a QoS flow with video information and a second LCG (LCG2) corresponds to a QoS flow with pose information. For example, LCG1 may refer to a video LCG and LCG2 may refer to a pose LCG.
[0120] It is assumed that a legacy Long BSR table is used, that is the 8-bit long BS table (i.e. table 2 above) , with an average error rate for realistic 10 Mbps@60FPS video traffic of 3.1%.
[0121] According to table 2 above, a second buffer size index for the 100 bytes of pose information would be 37. For example, a range corresponding to the index 37 is 98~103. Since the upper limit is 103 which is larger than 100 (100 bytes of pose information) , then there is 3 bytes of reported overhead. If 8 bits are configured to indicate the index 37, then the binary is 00100101.
[0122] On the other hand, for the video information, the size will be about 10, 000 bytes and up to 32, 000 bytes. According to table 2 above, the index would be span from 110 to 129. For example, if the size is 32, 000 bytes and the index 129 is used, then there will be 1376 bytes of reported overhead. In the present disclosure, the overhead can be reduced by using a bit-borrowing BSR. For example, a predetermined index threshold 121 may be used.
[0123] In some examples, an extra-long table may be defined, for example, a 9-bit long BS table, a 10-bit long BS table, a 11-bit long BS table, etc.
[0124] Based on same exponential distribution and value ranges, the comparison of average error rate may be:
[0125] · 8-bit long BS table: 3.1% (6.5%) average error for the current Long table with 256 bins;
[0126] · 9-bit long BS table: 1.76% (3.17%) average error for a table with 512 bins (9 bits) -+1 bit;
[0127] · 10-bit long BS table: 0.91% (1.57%) average worst case error for a table with 1024 bins (10 bits) -+2 bits;
[0128] · 11-bit long BS table: 0.46% (0.78%) average worst case error for a table with 2048 bins (11 bits) -+ (up to) 3 bits.
[0129] where the values in brackets above indicate the worst-case error when the true value of the BS at the UE side is only 1 byte over the lower bin limit.
[0130] FIG. 4A illustrate an example 410 of bits for LCGs in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The example 410 may be a table expansion variant for the first buffer size index of LCG1.
[0131] In this case, a 10-bit long BS table may be defined, and the 10-bit long BS table is used for the larger LCG1 BS. As illustrated, 8 bits in the first buffer size field 411 and 2 bits of the LSBs in the second buffer size field 412 can be concatenated to form 10 bits 1000111001, i.e., index 569. For example, 25, 000 bytes may be discretized to index 569 with associated value of 25, 105 bytes.
[0132] For the network device 120, it may check a value of the 8 bits in the first buffer size field 411, i.e., a value of 10001110 corresponding to an index 142. Since the index 142 exceeds a predetermined index threshold such as 121, the network device 120 may determine that a table expansion variant is used, and reobtain 10 bits from 8 bits in the first buffer size field 411 and 2 bits of the LSBs in the second buffer size field 412, so as to determine the first buffer size index 569. In addition, 10-bit long BS table will be used to determine a range corresponding to the index 569.
[0133] It should be understood that the index 142 based on the 8 bits in the first buffer size field 411 is used to determine whether the opportunistic bit-borrowing is engaged, while the actual first buffer size index is 569 according to a 10-bit long BS table.
[0134] For example, if the first buffer size of the first LCG is 25, 000 bytes, the index 569 is used, and an upper limit of the range (bin) corresponding to the index 569 in 10-bit long BS table is 25, 105 bytes, then there is only 105 bytes of overhead in this example. However, if a legacy 8-bit long BS table (table 2 above) is used, an index 125 should be indicated with an upper limit of the range (bin) corresponding to the index 125 in 8-bit long BS table is 25,953 bytes, and thus there will be 953 bytes of overhead, which is about 9.1 times more overhead than the table expansion variant in the present disclosure. Therefore, the solution of the table expansion variant in the present disclosure can achieve a lower overhead without introducing additional bits in the BSR.
[0135] As such, by forming a 10-bit long BS table, the number of bins can be quadrupled from 256 to 1024 bins, so that there is a 4 times improvement in the BSR resolution (i.e., 4 times reduction in overhead) by assuming the same table range.
[0136] FIG. 4B illustrate an example 420 of bits for LCGs in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The example 420 may be a bin expansion variant for the first buffer size index of LCG2.
[0137] In this case, the legacy 8-bit long BS table (table 2 above) is used for the LCG1 BS. As illustrated, 8 bits in the first buffer size field 421 form the first buffer size index 01111101, i.e., index 125. According to the legacy 8-bit long BS table (table 2 above) , the range (bin) corresponding to the index 125 is 24372~25953. In addition, 2 bits of the LSBs in the second buffer size field may further indicate a sub-range of the range (bin) corresponding to the index 125. As illustrated, a mapping between the 2 bits and the sub-ranges may be predefined, and thus a sub-range 24768~25162 may be determined at 422.
[0138] In the example 420, the 2 bits in the second buffer size field may indicate a bin subdivision of the range indicated by the 8 bits in the first buffer size field 421.
[0139] For the network device 120, it may check a value of the 8 bits in the first buffer size field 421, i.e., a value of 01111101 corresponding to an index 125. Since the index 125 exceeds a predetermined index threshold such as 121, the network device 120 may determine that a bin expansion variant is used, and further obtain 2 bits of the LSBs in the second buffer size field, so as to determine a sub-range, e.g., 24768~25162.
[0140] For example, if the first buffer size of the first LCG is 25, 000 bytes, the index 125 is used and “01” is used for populating the 2 bits of the LSBs in the second buffer size field. In this case, an upper limit of the sub-range is 25, 162 bytes, then there is only 162 bytes of overhead in this example. However, if a legacy 8-bit long BS table (table 2 above) is used without a bin expansion, an index 125 should be indicated with an upper limit of the range (bin) corresponding to the index 125 in 8-bit long BS table is 25, 953 bytes, and thus there will be 953 bytes of overhead, which is about 5.9 times more overhead than the bin expansion variant in the present disclosure. Therefore, the solution of the bin expansion variant in the present disclosure can achieve a lower overhead without introducing additional bits in the BSR.
[0141] FIG. 4C illustrate an example 430 of bits for LCGs in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The example 430 may be a bit-borrowing strategy for the second buffer size index of LCG2.
[0142] In this case, 8 or 10 bits may be used to indicate the second buffer size index of LCG2. For example, 2 or 4 bits in a third buffer size field may be borrowed.
[0143] As illustrated, the first subfield of the second buffer size field 431 may be formed by 6 MSBs of the second buffer size index and the second subfield of the third buffer size field 432 may be formed by 2 LSBs of the second buffer size index, that is, 8 bits form the second buffer size index 00100101, i.e., index 37. According to the legacy 8-bit long BS table (table 2 above) , the range (bin) corresponding to the index 37 is 98~103.
[0144] It should be noted that although it is illustrated that 2 bits are borrowed from the third buffer size field in FIG. 4C, in some other examples, 4 bits or more or less bits may be borrowed and the present disclosure does not limit for this aspect. For example, 4 bits may be borrowed, and 10 bits are used for indicating the second buffer size index of LCG2, which is similar with that for LCG1.
[0145] In some scenarios, there may be no bits can be borrowed for LCG2, e.g., the second buffer size field is the last LCG field in the BSR or LCHs of the third LCG have a higher priority. In this case, the first subfield of the second buffer size field is used without borrowing additional bits.
[0146] FIG. 4D illustrate an example 440 of bits for LCGs in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The example 440 may be a prepend-MSBs strategy for the second buffer size index of LCG2.
[0147] In this case, 6 bits in the second buffer size field 441 is used for indicating the second buffer size index. As illustrated, the first subfield of the second buffer size field 441 may be formed by the second buffer size index 100101, i.e., index 37. According to the legacy 8-bit long BS table (table 2 above) , the range (bin) corresponding to the index 37 is 98~103.
[0148] For example, the second buffer size index may be determined based on the bits forming the first subfield of the second buffer size field 441 with zeros prepended in the MSB position. That is, the second buffer size index is 00100101, i.e., index 37.
[0149] It is to be noted that the example 440 may be applied if the data volume of LCG2 is sufficiently small so that it does not require the at least one (e.g., 2) MSBs be non-zero. For instance, in a case that 2 bits are borrowed by the first LCG, the second buffer size index should be less than 63 with a second buffer size not larger than 526 bytes.
[0150] It should be noted that although it is illustrated that the first subfield of the second buffer size field 441 is used for determining the second buffer size index based on a legacy 8-bit long BS table, in some other examples, another table may be used, for example, a 6-bit short BS table may be defined. For another example, 3 LSBs in the second buffer size field 441 may be borrowed by the first LCG, and 5 MSBs in the second buffer size field 441 may be used for indicating the second buffer size index according to a 5-bit short BS table. The present disclosure does not limit for this aspect.
[0151] FIG. 4E illustrate an example 450 of bits for LCGs in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The example 450 may be a mask-LSBs strategy for the second buffer size index of LCG2, where the masked LSBs are all 1.
[0152] In this case, 6 bits in the second buffer size field 451 is used for indicating a first part of the second buffer size index. The second buffer size index may be determined as 00100101, i.e., index 37, and the first part of the second buffer size index is the first 6 bits, i.e., 001001.
[0153] From the perspective of the network device 120, it may obtain the 6 bits (i.e., 001001) from the first subfield of the second buffer size field 451. The network device 120 may further pad with 2 predetermined bits (e.g., 11) to determine 8 bits, that is 00100111. Thus the second buffer size index determined by the network device 120 would be 00100111, i.e. index 39. According to the legacy 8-bit long BS table (table 2 above) , the range (bin) corresponding to the index 39 is 111~117. In this case, there is a 17 bytes of overhead, which is acceptable comparing the reduce of the overhead for the first buffer size index.
[0154] FIG. 4F illustrate an example 460 of bits for LCGs in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The example 460 may be a mask-LSBs strategy for the second buffer size index of LCG2, where the masked LSBs are all 0.
[0155] In this case, 6 bits in the second buffer size field 461 is used for indicating a first part of the second buffer size index. The second buffer size index may be determined as 00100101, i.e., index 37, and the first part of the second buffer size index is the first 6 bits plus 1 (since the last 2 bits are not 00) , i.e., 001010.
[0156] From the perspective of the network device 120, it may obtain the 6 bits (i.e., 001010) from the first subfield of the second buffer size field 461. The network device 120 may further pad with 2 predetermined bits (e.g., 00) to determine 8 bits, that is 00101000. Thus the second buffer size index determined by the network device 120 would be 00101000, i.e. index 40. According to the legacy 8-bit long BS table (table 2 above) , the range (bin) corresponding to the index 40 is 118~124. In this case, there is a 24 bytes of overhead, which is acceptable comparing the reduce of the overhead for the first buffer size index.
[0157] FIG. 4G illustrate an example 470 of bits for LCGs in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The example 470 may be a mask-LSBs strategy for the second buffer size index of LCG2, where the masked LSBs are all 0.
[0158] In this case, 6 bits in the second buffer size field 471 is used for indicating a first part of the second buffer size index. The second buffer size index may be determined as 00100101, i.e., index 37, and the first part of the second buffer size index is the first 6 bits, i.e., 001001.
[0159] From the perspective of the network device 120, it may obtain the 6 bits (i.e., 001001) from the first subfield of the second buffer size field 471. The network device 120 may further pad with 2 predetermined bits (e.g., 00) to determine 8 bits, that is 00100100. Thus the second buffer size index determined by the network device 120 would be 00100100, i.e. index 36. According to the legacy 8-bit long BS table (table 2 above) , the range (bin) corresponding to the index 36 is 92~97. In this case, an accuracy of the LCG2 report may be reduced. However, the accuracy of the LCG2 may not be so important if the LCG2 has a small buffer size comprising with a large buffer size of LCG1.
[0160] It is to be noted that the order of LCGs (LCG1, LCG2, LCG3) is shown for illustration without any limitation. In some examples, the order may be determined by the network device 120 and communicated to the terminal device 110.
[0161] It is to be noted that although 2 LSBs in the second buffer size field is borrowed by the first LCG, another number of bits in a different position in the second buffer size field may be borrowed by the first LCG in some other examples, and the present disclosure does not limit for this aspect.
[0162] It is to be noted that although the LSB (s) is shown for borrowed bits, the present disclosure does not limit the position of the borrowed bits. For example, the network device 120 may indicate the position or the position may be predefined, such as “the last X bits of LCG2 are used for reporting LCG1 buffer size” or “the first X bits of LCG2 are used for reporting LCG1 buffer size” , where X=1, X=2, or another value.
[0163] FIG. 5 illustrates another example of a process flow 500 for transmitting a bit-borrowing BSR in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The process flow 500 involves a terminal device 110, a network device 120, and a CN entity 130. It would be appreciated that although the process flow 500 has been described in the network environment 100 of FIG. 1, this process flow 500 may be likewise applied to other communication scenarios.
[0164] At 501, the terminal device 110 transmits, and the network device 120 receives, a UE capability. In some embodiments, the UE capability may indicate that the terminal device 110 supports the bit-borrowing BSR. In some embodiments, the UE capability may further indicate one or multiple supported strategies (such as support of table expansion variant and / or support of bin expansion variant) . In some embodiments, the UE capability may be included in RRC signalling, or a MAC CE, etc.
[0165] At 502, the network device 120 may collect traffic information. In some examples, the network device 120 receives user assisted information from the terminal device 110, receives PDU session information from the CN entity 130, and performs a self-evaluate traffic. For example, the network device 120 may track its traffic and evaluate the traffic in several possible proprietary methods.
[0166] At 503, the network device 120 may determine a BSR strategy. For example, the network device 120 may decide to enable the bit-borrowing BSR and select a strategy for the bit-borrowing BSR. For example, the network device 120 may make the decision based on the UE capability together with expected traffic.
[0167] In some examples, the network device 120 may determine whether the terminal device 110 supports the bit-borrowing BSR, and which strategy is supported by the terminal device 110. In some examples, the network device 120 may determine whether the UL traffic of the terminal device 110 is suitable for LCG separation, for example, whether different QoS flows have different QoS requirements. For example, multiple flows from XR services may be segregated into different LCGs due to different QoS requirements for video, audio, and pose data. In some examples, the network device 120 may determine whether the data volume for each LCG is suitable for the supported strategy. In some examples, the network device 120 may determine a configuration which is to be communicated to the terminal device 110.
[0168] At 504, the network device 120 transmits, and the terminal device 110 receives, a configuration. In some embodiments, the configuration may be included in RRC signalling or a MAC CE. In some embodiments, the configuration may indicate that the bit-borrowing BSR is enabled. In some embodiments, the configuration may indicate a strategy.
[0169] In some examples, the configuration may include an enablement flag for the bit-borrowing BSR. In some examples, the configuration may include a predetermined size threshold (e.g., 20, 000 bytes) or a predetermined index threshold (e.g., index 121) . In some examples, the configuration may include an LCG grouping indication.
[0170] In some examples, the configuration may indicate whether a table expansion variant or a bin expansion variant is enabled for the first LCG. In some examples, the configuration may indicate how many bits (or a maximum number of bits, e.g., 2 bits) can be borrowed by the first LCG from which LCG (e.g., from the second LCG) . In some examples, the configuration may indicate a position of the borrowed bit (s) , e.g., the 2 LSBs in the buffer size field for the second LCG.
[0171] In some examples, the configuration may indicate whether a table expansion variant or a bin expansion variant is enabled for the second LCG. In some examples, the configuration may indicate how many bits (or a maximum number of bits, e.g., 1 bit) can be borrowed by the second LCG from which LCG (e.g., from the third LCG) . In some examples, the configuration may indicate a position of the borrowed bit (s) , e.g., the 1 LSB in the buffer size field for the third LCG.
[0172] In some examples, the configuration may indicate that the bit-borrowing is disabled for the second LCG, and the configuration may further indicate a strategy for the second LCG, which may be one of: a prepend-MSBs strategy, a mask-LSBs strategy with all 1, or a mask-LSBs strategy with all 0, etc.
[0173] At 505, the terminal device 110 prepares the bit-borrowing BSR, e.g., based on the configuration. For example, the terminal device 110 may generate the bit-borrowing BSR, details of which may refer to those discussed with reference to FIGS. 2-4G above.
[0174] At 506, the terminal device 110 transmits, and the network device 120 receives, the BSR. In some embodiments, the BSR is included in a MAC CE. In some examples, the legacy BSR MAC CE (e.g., that shown in FIG. 3A) may be used with new interpretation. In some other examples, some new definitions (e.g., that shown in FIG. 3B) may be needed.
[0175] At 507, the network device 120 parses the BSR with the bit-borrowing logic. In some examples, the network device 120 may read values of bits in the BSR MAC CE, and determine buffer size indexes accordingly, details of which may refer to those discussed above.
[0176] Accordingly, an implicit mechanism is provided in the present disclosure for dynamically enabling different number of bits for buffer size index indication for different LCGs. For example, more bits are used for the first LCG and less bits may be used for the second LCG.
[0177] As shown with some of the above example embodiments, whether to enable the bit borrowing can be based on an index or size threshold, which is known to both UE and network. Once an identification of bit borrowing is done, we can use the borrowed bits (the number of which may be pre-configured) to: 1) extend the table from default 8 bits to say 10 bits or 2) find the bin for the default 8-bit table and further refine it with the extra 2 bits.
[0178] In yet one embodiment the additional bit (s) may be used to select a different 8-bit table, i.e. the index provided by the 8-bits will be mapped to buffer size bin by using a different table that what is used if the 8 bits would be below the size / index threshold. The different BS table would be predefined and known to both UE and network.
[0179] According to embodiments in the present disclosure, one or more of the following advantages can be achieved: finer granularity BS reporting; saving uplink power consumption by allocating less overhead and padding; no requirement of a need for compute-intensive dynamic BS table; developed for XR traffic, particularly suitable, but also sufficiently general in the presence of certain traffic properties; providing uplink capacity enhancement by reducing gNB allocation overhead; and providing greater uplink scheduling flexibility for gNB. In the solution, a more accurate report can be used to achieve multiple objectives, such as (i) meeting UE uplink demands with minimal radio resources, thereby maximizing uplink capacity by serving more UEs, and (ii) increasing radio resource allocation to combat interference, using more robust modulation and coding schemes (MCS) .
[0180] It should be noted that although some examples of a BSR format are illustrated in FIGS. 3A-4G, any other format may be used in the present disclosure, such as the Refined Long BSR format, the Long Truncated BSR format, the Extended Long BSR format, and the Extended Long Truncated format, etc., the present disclosure does not limit for this aspect.
[0181] It should be noted that although 8-bit long BS table (table 2 above) is used for some embodiments, any other table may be used in some other embodiments, such as 5-bit short BS table or a refined 8-bit long BS table, etc., the present disclosure does not limit for this aspect.
[0182] It should be noted although MMSID is presented in the disclosure, the solution in the present disclosure may be applied for any grouping logic. For example, the solution can be applied for XR traffic or enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) traffic, and the UL traffic can be greatly benefit from lower reporting overhead.
[0183] It should be noted that although the embodiments above are described with reference to BSR, the solution in the present disclosure is also applied for reporting of delay status report (DSR) , although the data volume to be reported is smaller and the opportunity for bit-borrowing DSR may be less.
[0184] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method 600 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 600 will be described from the perspective of a terminal device 110 in FIG. 1.
[0185] At block 610, the terminal device 110 determines a first buffer size of a first LCG and a second buffer size of a second LCG. At block 620, the terminal device 110 generates a buffer status report comprising at least a first buffer size field and a second buffer size field. At block 630, the terminal device 110 sets the first buffer size field to indicate at least a part of a first buffer size index of the first LCG, wherein the first buffer size index indicates a first range within which the first buffer size of the first LCG is. At block 640, the terminal device 110 sets a first subfield of the second buffer size field to indicate at least a part of a second buffer size index of the second LCG, wherein the second buffer size index indicates a second range within which the second buffer size of the second LCG is. At block 650, the terminal device 110 sets a second subfield of the second buffer size field to indicate information of the first buffer size of the first LCG. At block 660, the terminal device 110 transmits, to a network device, the buffer status report comprising at least the first and second buffer size fields.
[0186] In some example embodiments, the first buffer size field indicates the first buffer size index, and the second subfield indicates a sub-range of the first range indicated by the first buffer size index.
[0187] In some example embodiments, the second subfield comprises a first bit, wherein the first bit with a first value indicates a first part of the first range, and the first bit with a second value indicates a second part of the first range. In some example embodiments, the second subfield further comprises a second bit, the second bit with a first value indicates a first half of a specific part, and the second bit with a second value indicates a second half of the specific part, where the specific part is the first part or the second part of the first range which is indicated by the first bit.
[0188] In some example embodiments, the second subfield comprises at least one bit, and a mapping of the at least one bit and the sub-range of the first range is predefined.
[0189] In some example embodiments, the first buffer size field indicates a first part of the first buffer size index and the second subfield indicates a second part of the first buffer size index, such that bits forming the first buffer size field and at least one bit forming the second subfield are concatenated to form the first buffer size index.
[0190] In some example embodiments, a first table is used for indicating a mapping between the first buffer size index and the first range, and a second table or the first table is used for indicating a mapping between the second buffer size index and the second range.
[0191] In some example embodiments, lengths of the first and second buffer size fields are identical and each comprises a predefined number of bits, and the terminal device 110 may set the field or subfield by determining a value for each of bits in corresponding field or subfield.
[0192] In some example embodiments, a buffer size index corresponds to a specific buffer size range in a table that maps different buffer size ranges to different buffer size indexes.
[0193] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 determines that the first LCG fulfills a predetermined condition; and based on determining that the first LCG fulfills the predetermined condition, sets the first and second buffer size fields, where the predetermined condition comprises: the first buffer size exceeds a predetermined size threshold or the first buffer size index exceeds a predetermined index threshold.
[0194] In some example embodiments, the predetermined size threshold or the predetermined index threshold is predefined or preconfigured by the network device.
[0195] In some example embodiments, a length of the second subfield is predefined or preconfigured by the network device.
[0196] In some example embodiments, a location of the second subfield in the second buffer size field is predefined or preconfigured by the network device.
[0197] In some example embodiments, the second subfield comprises at least one MSB or at least one LSB in the second buffer size field.
[0198] In some example embodiments, the first buffer size of the first LCG is larger than the second buffer size of the second LCG.
[0199] In some example embodiments, a priority of the first LCG is higher than a priority of the second LCG.
[0200] In some example embodiments, another part of the second buffer size index comprises at least one bit with at least one predetermined value.
[0201] In some example embodiments, the buffer status report further comprises a third buffer size field, and the terminal device 110 sets a subfield of the third buffer size field to indicate another part of the second buffer size index.
[0202] In some example embodiments, the buffer status report is comprised in a MAC CE.
[0203] FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of a method 700 implemented at a network device in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 700 will be described from the perspective of a network device 120 in FIG. 1.
[0204] At block 710, the network device 120 receives, from a terminal device, a buffer status report comprising at least a first buffer size field and a second buffer size field. At block 720, the network device 120 determines a first range within which a first buffer size of a first LCG is based on the first buffer size field and a second subfield of the second buffer size field, wherein the first buffer size field indicates at least a part of a first buffer size index of the first LCG and the second subfield of the second buffer size field indicates information of the first buffer size, wherein the first buffer size index indicates the first range within which the first buffer size of the first LCG is. At block 730, the network device 120 determines a second range within which a second buffer size of a second LCG is based on at least a first subfield of the second buffer size field, wherein the first subfield of the second buffer size field indicates at least a part of a second buffer size index of the second LCG, wherein the second buffer size index indicates the second range within which the second buffer size of the second LCG is.
[0205] In some example embodiments, the first buffer size field indicates the first buffer size index, and the second subfield indicates a sub-range of the first range indicated by the first buffer size index.
[0206] In some example embodiments, the second subfield comprises a first bit, wherein the first bit with a first value indicates a first part of the first range, and the first bit with a second value indicates a second part of the first range. In some example embodiments, the second subfield further comprises a second bit, the second bit with a first value indicates a first half of a specific part, and the second bit with a second value indicates a second half of the specific part, where the specific part is the first part or the second part of the first range which is indicated by the first bit.
[0207] In some example embodiments, the second subfield comprises at least one bit, and a mapping of the at least one bit and the sub-range of the first range is predefined.
[0208] In some example embodiments, the first buffer size field indicates a first part of the first buffer size index and the second subfield indicates a second part of the first buffer size index, such that bits forming the first buffer size field and at least one bit forming the second subfield are concatenated to form the first buffer size index.
[0209] In some example embodiments, a first table is used for indicating a mapping between the first buffer size index and the first range, and a second table or the first table is used for indicating a mapping between the second buffer size index and the second range.
[0210] In some example embodiments, lengths of the first and second buffer size fields are identical and each comprises a predefined number of bits.
[0211] In some example embodiments, a buffer size index corresponds to a specific buffer size range in a table that maps different buffer size ranges to different buffer size indexes.
[0212] In some example embodiments, the network device 120 determines that a buffer size index indicated by the first buffer size field fulfills a predetermined condition; and based on determining that the predetermined condition is fulfilled, determines the first buffer size index based on the first buffer size field and the second subfield of the second buffer size field, where the predetermined condition comprises: the buffer size index indicated by the first buffer size field exceeds a predetermined index threshold.
[0213] In some example embodiments, the predetermined size threshold or the predetermined index threshold is predefined or preconfigured by the network device.
[0214] In some example embodiments, a length of the second subfield is predefined or preconfigured by the network device.
[0215] In some example embodiments, a location of the second subfield in the second buffer size field is predefined or preconfigured by the network device.
[0216] In some example embodiments, the second subfield comprises at least one MSB or at least one LSB in the second buffer size field.
[0217] In some example embodiments, the first buffer size of the first LCG is larger than the second buffer size of the second LCG.
[0218] In some example embodiments, a priority of the first LCG is higher than a priority of the second LCG.
[0219] In some example embodiments, another part of the second buffer size index comprises at least one bit with at least one predetermined value.
[0220] In some example embodiments, the buffer status report further comprises a third buffer size field, and the network device 120 determines the second buffer size index based on the bits forming the first subfield of the second buffer size field and one or more bits forming a subfield of the third buffer size field.
[0221] In some example embodiments, the buffer status report is comprised in a MAC CE.
[0222] In some example embodiments, an apparatus capable of performing the method 600 (for example, the terminal device 110) may comprise means for performing the respective steps of the method 600. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0223] In some example embodiments, an apparatus capable of performing the method 700 (for example, the network device 120) may comprise means for performing the respective steps of the method 700. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0224] The term “means” as used in the description and in the claims may refer to one or more individual elements configured to perform the corresponding recited functionality or functionalities, or it may refer to several elements that perform such functionality or functionalities. Furthermore, several functionalities recited in the claims may be performed by the same individual means or the same combination of means. For example, performing such functionality or functionalities may be caused in an apparatus by a processor that executes instructions stored in a memory of the apparatus.
[0225] In some example embodiments, the terminal device capable of performing a method may comprise means for performing the respective steps of the method, where the method comprises: determining a first buffer size for a first LCG and a first index corresponding to a first bin within which the first buffer size locates; based on determining the first buffer size exceeding a size threshold or the first index exceeding an index threshold, determining a first set of bits based on the first index, wherein the first set of bits comprises a first group of bits and at least one bit in a second group of bits, wherein each of the first group or the second group has a predefined number of bits, wherein a value of the first group of bits in the first set of bits indicates the first index, and a value of the at least one bit in the first set of bits indicates a subdivision of the first bin; and transmitting, to a network device, a report comprising the first set of bits.
[0226] FIG. 8 illustrates a simplified block diagram of a device 800 that is suitable for implementing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 800 may be provided to implement the terminal device or the network device discussed above, for example the terminal device 110 or the network device 120 in FIG. 1. As shown, the device 800 includes one or more processors 810, one or more memories 820 coupled to the processor 810, and one or more communication modules 840 coupled to the processor 810.
[0227] The communication module 840 is for bidirectional communications. The communication module 840 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication. The communication interface may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements.
[0228] The processor 810 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may include one or more of the following: general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 800 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
[0229] The memory 820 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories. Examples of the non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a Read Only Memory (ROM) 824, an electrically programmable read only memory (EPROM) , a flash memory, a hard disk, a compact disc (CD) , a digital video disk (DVD) , and other magnetic storage and / or optical storage. Examples of the volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a random access memory (RAM) 822 and other volatile memories that will not last in the power-down duration.
[0230] A computer program 830 includes computer executable instructions that are executed by the associated processor 810. The program 830 may be stored in the ROM 824. The processor 810 may perform any suitable actions and processing by loading the program 830 into the RAM 822.
[0231] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by means of the program 830 so that the device 800 may perform any process of the disclosure as discussed with reference to FIGS. 2-7. The embodiments of the present disclosure may also be implemented by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware.
[0232] In some example embodiments, the program 830 may be tangibly contained in a computer readable medium which may be included in the device 800 (such as in the memory 820) or other storage devices that are accessible by the device 800. The device 800 may load the program 830 from the computer readable medium to the RAM 822 for execution. The computer readable medium may include any types of tangible non-volatile storage, such as ROM, EPROM, a flash memory, a hard disk, CD, DVD, and the like.
[0233] FIG. 9 illustrates a block diagram of an example of a computer readable medium 900 in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The computer readable medium 900 has the program 830 stored thereon. It is noted that although the computer readable medium 900 is depicted in form of CD or DVD in FIG. 9, the computer readable medium 900 may be in any other form suitable to carry or hold the program 830.
[0234] Various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. While various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representations, it is to be understood that the block, apparatus, system, technique or method described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0235] The present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target real or virtual processor, to carry out the method as described above with reference to any of FIGS. 2-7. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
[0236] Program code for the methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be performed. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
[0237] In the context of the present disclosure, the computer program codes or related data may be carried by any suitable carrier to enable the device, apparatus or processor to perform various processes and operations as described above. Examples of the carrier include a signal, computer readable medium, and the like.
[0238] The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. The term “non-transitory, ” as used herein, is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistency (e.g., RAM vs. ROM) .
[0239] Further, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0240] Although the present disclosure has been described in languages specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims
1.A terminal device comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device at least to:determine a first buffer size of a first logical channel group (LCG) and a second buffer size of a second LCG;generate a buffer status report comprising at least a first buffer size field and a second buffer size field;set the first buffer size field to indicate at least a part of a first buffer size index of the first LCG, wherein the first buffer size index indicates a first range within which the first buffer size of the first LCG is;set a first subfield of the second buffer size field to indicate at least a part of a second buffer size index of the second LCG, wherein the second buffer size index indicates a second range within which the second buffer size of the second LCG is;set a second subfield of the second buffer size field to indicate information of the first buffer size of the first LCG; andtransmit, to a network device, the buffer status report comprising at least the first and second buffer size fields.2.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the first buffer size field indicates the first buffer size index, and the second subfield indicates a sub-range of the first range indicated by the first buffer size index.3.The terminal device of claim 2, wherein the second subfield comprises a first bit, wherein the first bit with a first value indicates a first part of the first range, and the first bit with a second value indicates a second part of the first range.4.The terminal device of claim 3, wherein the second subfield further comprises a second bit, the second bit with a first value indicates a first half of a specific part, and the second bit with a second value indicates a second half of the specific part,wherein the specific part is the first part or the second part of the first range which is indicated by the first bit.5.The terminal device of claim 2, wherein the second subfield comprises at least one bit, and a mapping of the at least one bit and the sub-range of the first range is predefined.6.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the first buffer size field indicates a first part of the first buffer size index and the second subfield indicates a second part of the first buffer size index, such that bits forming the first buffer size field and at least one bit forming the second subfield are concatenated to form the first buffer size index.7.The terminal device of claim 6, wherein a first table is used for indicating a mapping between the first buffer size index and the first range, and a second table is used for indicating a mapping between the second buffer size index and the second range.8.The terminal device of any of claims 1-7, wherein lengths of the first and second buffer size fields are identical and each comprises a predefined number of bits, andwherein setting the field or subfield comprises: determining a value for each of bits in corresponding field or subfield.9.The terminal device of any of claims 1-8, wherein a buffer size index corresponds to a specific buffer size range in a table that maps different buffer size ranges to different buffer size indexes.10.The terminal device of any of claims 1-9, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to:determine that the first LCG fulfills a predetermined condition; andbased on determining that the first LCG fulfills the predetermined condition, set the first and second buffer size fields,wherein the predetermined condition comprises: the first buffer size exceeds a predetermined size threshold or the first buffer size index exceeds a predetermined index threshold.11.The terminal device of claim 10, wherein the predetermined size threshold or the predetermined index threshold is predefined or preconfigured by the network device.12.The terminal device of any of claims 1-11, wherein a length of the second subfield is predefined or preconfigured by the network device.13.The terminal device of any of claims 1-12, wherein a location of the second subfield in the second buffer size field is predefined or preconfigured by the network device.14.The terminal device of any of claims 1-13, wherein the second subfield comprises at least one most significant bit (MSB) or at least one least significant bit (LSB) in the second buffer size field.15.The terminal device of any of claims 1-14, wherein the first buffer size of the first LCG is larger than the second buffer size of the second LCG.16.The terminal device of any of claims 1-15, wherein a priority of the first LCG is higher than a priority of the second LCG.17.The terminal device of any of claims 1-16, wherein another part of the second buffer size index comprises at least one bit with at least one predetermined value.18.The terminal device of any of claims 1-16, wherein the buffer status report further comprises a third buffer size field, and wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to:set a subfield of the third buffer size field to indicate another part of the second buffer size index.19.The terminal device of any of claims 1-18, wherein the buffer status report is comprised in a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) .20.A network device comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the network device at least to:receive, from a terminal device, a buffer status report comprising at least a first buffer size field and a second buffer size field;determine a first range within which a first buffer size of a first logical channel group (LCG) is based on the first buffer size field and a second subfield of the second buffer size field, wherein the first buffer size field indicates at least a part of a first buffer size index of the first LCG and the second subfield of the second buffer size field indicates information of the first buffer size, wherein the first buffer size index indicates the first range within which the first buffer size of the first LCG is; anddetermine a second range within which a second buffer size of a second LCG is based on at least a first subfield of the second buffer size field, wherein the first subfield of the second buffer size field indicates at least a part of a second buffer size index of the second LCG, wherein the second buffer size index indicates the second range within which the second buffer size of the second LCG is.21.The network device of claim 20, wherein the first buffer size field indicates the first buffer size index, and the second subfield indicates a sub-range of the first range indicated by the first buffer size index.22.The network device of claim 20, wherein the first buffer size field indicates a first part of the first buffer size index and the second subfield indicates a second part of the first buffer size index, such that bits forming the first buffer size field and at least one bit forming the second subfield are concatenated to form the first buffer size index.23.The network device of any of claims 20-22, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the network device to:determine that a buffer size index indicated by the first buffer size field fulfills a predetermined condition; andbased on determining that the predetermined condition is fulfilled, determine the first buffer size index based on the first buffer size field and the second subfield of the second buffer size field,wherein the predetermined condition comprises: the buffer size index indicated by the first buffer size field exceeds a predetermined index threshold.24.The network device of any of claims 20-23, wherein another part of the second buffer size index comprises at least one bit with at least one predetermined value.25.The network device of any of claims 20-24, wherein the first buffer size of the first LCG is larger than the second buffer size of the second LCG.26.A communication method comprising:determining, at a terminal device, a first buffer size of a first logical channel group (LCG) and a second buffer size of a second LCG;generating a buffer status report comprising at least a first buffer size field and a second buffer size field;setting the first buffer size field to indicate at least a part of a first buffer size index of the first LCG, wherein the first buffer size index indicates a first range within which the first buffer size of the first LCG is;setting a first subfield of the second buffer size field to indicate at least a part of a second buffer size index of the second LCG, wherein the second buffer size index indicates a second range within which the second buffer size of the second LCG is;setting a second subfield of the second buffer size field to indicate information of the first buffer size of the first LCG; andtransmitting, to a network device, the buffer status report comprising at least the first and second buffer size fields.27.A communication method comprising:receiving, at a network device from a terminal device, a buffer status report comprising at least a first buffer size field and a second buffer size field;determining a first range within which a first buffer size of a first logical channel group (LCG) is based on the first buffer size field and a second subfield of the second buffer size field, wherein the first buffer size field indicates at least a part of a first buffer size index of the first LCG and the second subfield of the second buffer size field indicates information of the first buffer size of the first LCG, wherein the first buffer size index indicates the first range within which the first buffer size of the first LCG is; anddetermining a second range within which a second buffer size of a second LCG is based on at least a first subfield of the second buffer size field, wherein the first subfield of the second buffer size field indicates at least a part of a second buffer size index of the second LCG, wherein the second buffer size index indicates the second range within which the second buffer size of the second LCG is.28.A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising program instructions that, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least the method of claim 26 or 27.
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