Test system

Abstract

The present application discloses a test system, comprising a support assembly, a displacement measurement assembly, and pressure measurement assemblies. A base is configured to support a battery module. The displacement measurement assembly comprises a support column and a displacement measurer. One end of the support column is fixedly connected to the base, and the other end of the support column is connected to the displacement measurer. The displacement measurer is configured to measure the displacement amount of the battery module in an overcharged state. Each pressure measurement assembly comprises a pressure testing unit and a data transmission unit connected to each other, the pressure testing unit is disposed between battery cells in the battery module to collect pressure data, and the data transmission unit is exposed externally and configured to transmit data.

Description

A test system

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 2024223898831 filed on September 29, 2024 with the China Patent Office, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of battery module detection, in particular to a test system. BACKGROUND

[0003] Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in consumer electronics, new energy vehicles, and energy storage systems, etc. They are favored for their high energy density and long cycle life. However, during overcharging, the internal temperature of the lithium-ion battery may rise, and the electrolyte may decompose to produce gas, which may cause the battery to swell, the separator to rupture, short circuit, and fire, etc. To ensure the safety of lithium-ion batteries, especially under overcharging conditions, it is crucial to test and study the battery module. TECHNICAL PROBLEM

[0004] Related test devices mainly focus on the expansion force measurement of the end plate or the large face of the battery module, and it is difficult to obtain the pressure distribution between the single batteries inside the battery module. This limitation seriously hinders the in-depth study of the mechanical behavior and safety of the battery module under overcharging conditions. Therefore, how to comprehensively detect the expansion force and its distribution inside the battery module has become a technical situation to be solved. TECHNICAL SOLUTION

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a test system, which comprises a support assembly, including a base, the base is arranged to support a battery module; a displacement measurement assembly, including a support column and a displacement measurer, one end of the support column is fixedly connected with the base, and the other end of the support column is connected with the displacement measurer, the displacement measurer is arranged to measure the displacement of the battery module under overcharging conditions; a pressure measurement assembly, including a pressure test part and a data transmission part connected with each other, the pressure test part is arranged between single batteries in the battery module to collect pressure data, and the data transmission part is exposed outside and arranged for data transmission. ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS

[0006] The displacement measurement assembly monitors the displacement change of the battery module end plate, records the displacement amount of the end plate, and provides basic information for subsequent analysis of the swelling behavior of the battery module during overcharging. At the same time, the pressure measurement assembly is responsible for real-time monitoring of the pressure distribution between the single batteries inside the battery module. The pressure test part is arranged between each single battery to capture the pressure data of the end face of each single battery. At the same time, the data transmission part transmits the collected pressure data to the computing system, ensuring that researchers can obtain information about the internal mechanical state of the battery in a timely manner. Through the combination of the displacement measurement assembly and the pressure measurement assembly, a comprehensive data analysis framework is formed. Cross analysis of displacement data and pressure data can reveal the mechanical properties and variation law of the battery module under overcharging. Through systematic testing and analysis, researchers can more comprehensively evaluate the performance and safety of the battery module under extreme conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0007] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the test system structure provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0008] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure measurement assembly in the test system provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0009] Fig. 3 is an assembly explosion diagram of the pressure measurement assembly in the test system provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0010] Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of region A in Fig. 1 provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0011] Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the displacement measurement assembly in the test system provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0012] Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at A-A in Fig. 5 provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0013] Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at B-B in Fig. 5 provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0014] Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature measurement assembly in the test system provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0015] Fig. 9 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of region B in Fig. 1 provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0016] Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support assembly in the test system provided by the embodiment of the application.

[0017] In the drawings:

[0018] 10, battery module;

[0019] 20, support assembly; 201, base; 2011, bottom plate; 2012, edge beam; 20121, connecting hole; 202, heat-conducting adhesive layer;

[0020] 30, displacement measurement assembly; 301, support column; 302, displacement measurer; 3021, abutting column; 3022, mounting seat; 30221, mounting hole; 3023, guide rail; 3024, support seat; 30241, displacement slot; 30242, sliding groove; 30243, opening; 3025, fastener; 3026, sliding block;

[0021] 40, pressure measurement assembly; 401, pressure testing part; 402, data transmission part;

[0022] 50, temperature measurement assembly; 501, thermocouple; 502, insulating adhesive paper; 503, heat-insulating adhesive paper; 5031, hollow groove;

[0023] 60, air flow measurement assembly; 601, explosion-proof cover; 602, air guide pipe; 603, gas flow meter.

[0024] Embodiments of the present application

[0025] Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the test system according to an embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure measurement assembly 40 in the test system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] The test system according to the embodiments of the present application is provided to comprehensively monitor the mechanical properties of the lithium ion battery module 10 under overcharge condition. The test system comprises a support assembly 20, a displacement measurement assembly 30 and a pressure measurement assembly 40, which work cooperatively to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data.

[0027] The support assembly 20 comprises a base 201, which is configured to support the battery module 10 and ensure that the module does not displace or tilt due to external interference during the test.

[0028] The displacement measurement assembly 30 comprises a support column 301 and a displacement measurer 302. One end of the support column 301 is fixed to the base 201, and the other end is connected to the displacement measurer 302. The support column 301 can be adjusted by various automatic lifting devices, such as gear and rack, electric lifting rod or screw nut, etc., to realize accurate monitoring of the deformation amount of the battery module 10 at different positions of the end plate. The displacement measurer 302 can be a mechanical structure, a laser displacement sensor, an ultrasonic displacement sensor, an optical displacement sensor or a grating ruler, etc. The specific selection depends on the actual measurement requirements and accuracy requirements. Through the displacement measurer 302, the test system can obtain the displacement amount of the battery module 10 during the overcharge process in real time, which provides an important basis for subsequent data analysis.

[0029] The pressure measurement assembly 40 includes pressure testing parts 401 arranged between each monomer battery in the battery module 10 to collect pressure data of the end face of each monomer battery, and data transmission parts 402 located externally to transmit the collected pressure data to the computing system in real time for processing and analysis of the data. In order to meet different testing requirements, the number, position and distribution of the pressure measurement assembly 40 can be flexibly adjusted to ensure that the pressure distribution inside the battery module 10 can be fully reflected.

[0030] In the embodiment, the test system realizes comprehensive mechanical property testing of the battery module 10 in the overcharge state by combining the displacement measurement assembly 30 and the pressure measurement assembly 40, and ensures the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the data. The core function of the displacement measurement assembly 30 is to monitor the displacement change of the end plate of the battery module 10 in real time, and record the displacement of the end plate, thereby providing basic information for analyzing the swelling behavior of the battery module 10 in overcharge. The automatic lifting device of the support column 301 enables the displacement measuring device 302 to be flexibly adjusted to different positions to capture the small deformation of the end plate during the overcharge process.

[0031] Meanwhile, the pressure measurement assembly 40 is responsible for real-time monitoring of the pressure distribution between the monomer batteries inside the battery module 10. The pressure testing parts 401 are arranged between each monomer battery to capture the pressure data of the end face of each monomer battery. At the same time, the data transmission parts 402 transmit the collected pressure data to the computing system, so that researchers can obtain information about the mechanical state inside the battery in a timely manner.

[0032] Through the combination of the displacement measurement assembly 30 and the pressure measurement assembly 40, a comprehensive data analysis framework is formed. Cross analysis of displacement data and pressure data can reveal the mechanical properties and change rules of the battery module 10 in the overcharge state. For example, the relationship between the displacement increment and the internal pressure distribution can provide a new perspective for understanding the swelling mechanism of the battery module 10. Through systematic testing and analysis, researchers can more comprehensively evaluate the performance and safety of the battery module 10 under extreme conditions.

[0033] Optionally, please refer to FIG. 3, which is an assembly drawing of the pressure measurement component 40 in the test system according to the embodiment of the present application. In order to comprehensively and accurately record the end face force distribution of the single battery in the battery module 10 during the test, the pressure test part 401 is designed to cover the side of the single battery, and its area is larger than the area of the side of the single battery, so that the pressure test part 401 can cover every corner of the battery side, thereby ensuring that the pressure of every part of the side during the test is effectively recorded, and avoiding the influence of the overall analysis result due to the lack of local data. In structure, the pressure test part 401 is composed of a plurality of pressure sensors, which are uniformly distributed in the covered area of the test part, forming a comprehensive pressure monitoring network.

[0034] In the embodiment, since the coverage area of the pressure test part 401 is larger than the side of the single battery, the data deviation caused by local measurement error can be significantly reduced. In this way, the accuracy of data collection is improved, and a more solid foundation is provided for subsequent data analysis. It is widely used in safety research, performance evaluation and design optimization of lithium ion batteries, and can provide more comprehensive and detailed test data for researchers, and promote the in-depth development of related fields.

[0035] Optionally, please refer to FIG. 4, which is a partial enlarged view of region A in FIG. 1, a specific setting of the displacement measurer 302, including the abutting column 3021, the mounting seat 3022, the guide rail 3023 and the support seat 3024, aiming to realize accurate measurement of the displacement of the battery module 10.

[0036] The support seat 3024 is located at the top of the support column 301, serving as the bearing basis of the entire displacement measurement component 30, ensuring its stability. The guide rail 3023 is fixedly arranged at the top of the support seat 3024, and its direction is perpendicular to the end face of the battery module 10, ensuring that the measurement direction of the displacement measurer 302 is consistent with the expansion direction of the battery module 10, so as to accurately capture the displacement change of the battery module 10 under the overcharge state. The mounting seat 3022 is connected with the guide rail 3023 in a sliding manner, so that it can freely move along the length direction of the guide rail 3023. The abutting column 3021 is arranged in the mounting seat 3022, and is responsible for directly contacting with the end plate of the battery module 10. When the battery module 10 expands, the abutting column 3021 can smoothly drive the mounting seat 3022 to slide along the guide rail 3023, thereby realizing real-time recording of the displacement of the battery module 10.

[0037] In addition, the abutting column 3021 is designed as an adjustable structure, which can be flexibly adjusted according to the specific size and shape of the battery module 10, ensuring that it is in close contact with the battery module 10, so that the displacement measurer 302 can be widely applied to the test of battery modules 10 of different models and specifications.

[0038] In the present embodiment, since the mounting base 3022 of the displacement measurer 302 is in sliding connection with the guide rail 3023, and the abutting column 3021 directly abuts against the end face of the battery module 10, during the expansion of the battery, the abutting column 3021 can accurately drive the mounting base 3022 to slide along the guide rail 3023. This movement mechanism enables the test system to record the deformation data in real time, transmit the expansion force information of the end plate of the battery module 10, and provide an important basis for subsequent analysis.

[0039] Optionally, referring to FIGS. 5 to 7, FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the displacement measurement assembly 30 in the test system provided in the present embodiment, FIG. 6 is a sectional structural schematic diagram of A-A in FIG. 5 provided in the present embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a sectional structural schematic diagram of B-B in FIG. 5 provided in the present embodiment. In view of the stability of the mounting base 3022 during movement, the displacement measurer 302 further comprises fasteners 3025 to enhance the connection strength and stability between components. Specifically, the mounting base 3022 is designed to have a plurality of mounting holes 30221 to provide reliable fixing points, and the support base 3024 is provided with a clearance slot 30241 along the length direction of the abutting column 3021, considering the relative sliding between the mounting base 3022 and the support base 3024 during displacement measurement. The clearance slot 30241 provides the necessary range of movement for the fasteners 3025, ensuring that the connection between the mounting base 3022 and the support base 3024 is both firm and flexible, and can freely slide during displacement measurement. The fasteners 3025 pass through the mounting holes 30221 and the clearance slot 30241 to tightly connect the mounting base 3022 and the support base 3024, preventing the mounting base 3022 from deviating or loosening during movement.

[0040] In the present embodiment, the fasteners 3025 are provided, which significantly enhance the connection stability between the mounting base 3022 and the support base 3024, enabling the mounting base 3022 to accurately and stably slide along the guide rail 3023, and avoiding measurement errors caused by loose fixation. The combination of the fasteners 3025 and the mounting holes 30221 and the clearance slot 30241 ensures the stability of the mounting base 3022 during movement, while not affecting the implementation of displacement measurement, providing a solid foundation for performance testing of the lithium ion battery module 10 under overcharge condition.

[0041] Optionally, in order to ensure that the mounting seat 3022 does not produce errors due to uneven force or vibration during sliding on the guide rail 3023, the displacement measurer 302 is specially provided with a sliding block 3026. The support seat 3024 is provided with a sliding groove 30242 along the length direction of the abutting column 3021, and the sliding block 3026 can freely slide in the sliding groove 30242. The clearance groove 30241 is connected with the sliding groove 30242, so that the mounting seat 3022 can freely move when sliding. The fastener 3025 firmly connects the sliding block 3026 and the mounting seat 3022 by fixed connection, so as to ensure that the relative position between the two is unchanged during sliding.

[0042] In the embodiment, the sliding connection of the sliding block 3026 and the sliding groove 30242 cooperates with the fastener 3025, which further enhances the guidance, so that the mounting seat 3022 can smoothly slide during displacement measurement. In addition, the sliding block 3026 also provides an additional support point for the movement of the mounting seat 3022, so that the force on the mounting seat 3022 is more uniform. The additional support point of the sliding block 3026 effectively prevents measurement errors caused by uneven force or external vibration, ensuring the accuracy of the measurement data under dynamic conditions.

[0043] Optionally, in order to facilitate observation of the cooperation of the fastener 3025 and the sliding block 3026, the support seat 3024 is provided with an opening 30243 away from the fastener 3025. The shape and size of the opening 30243 can be adjusted according to specific needs without affecting the overall structural strength. The opening 30243 is connected with the sliding groove 30242, providing a clear view for researchers, so that they can quickly confirm the fixing condition of the fastener 3025 and the movement state of the sliding block 3026 in the sliding groove 30242.

[0044] In the embodiment, the presence of the opening 30243 allows researchers to directly observe whether the connection of the fastener 3025 is firm, whether there is loosening or wear phenomenon. This structure facilitates the maintenance and debugging of the equipment, so that appropriate measures can be taken quickly when the situation is found, ensuring the smooth progress of the test.

[0045] Optionally, refer to FIG. 8, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature measurement assembly 50 in the test system according to an embodiment of the present application. The test system further comprises the temperature measurement assembly 50, which is designed to monitor the temperature change of the battery module 10 during overcharging, so as to make a more comprehensive analysis of the battery module 10. The temperature measurement assembly 50 comprises a thermocouple 501, an insulating adhesive paper 502, and a heat insulation adhesive paper 503. Specifically, the insulating adhesive paper 502 is attached to the side of the single battery opposite to another single battery, which can maintain excellent insulation properties under high temperature conditions, avoiding the influence of temperature change on the measurement results. The heat insulation adhesive paper 503 is attached to the insulating adhesive paper 502 and is designed with a hollow groove 5031. The thermocouple 501 is arranged in the hollow groove 5031, forming an independently enclosed area. The presence of the heat insulation adhesive paper 503 can effectively insulate the heat conduction with the external environment, preventing the interference of external heat on the temperature measurement. The thermocouple 501 is arranged to detect the temperature change of the surface of the single battery.

[0046] In this embodiment, the temperature measurement assembly 50 integrates the functions of insulation and heat insulation, ensuring the accuracy of the thermocouple 501 during the measurement process. By obtaining temperature data, researchers can timely grasp the thermal behavior of the battery module 10, thereby providing an important basis for subsequent analysis.

[0047] Optionally, refer to FIG. 9, which is a partial enlarged schematic view of region B in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present application. The test system further comprises the airflow measurement assembly 60, which is designed to monitor the gas release of the battery module 10 under overcharging, so as to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the system. The airflow measurement assembly 60 comprises an explosion-proof cover 601, a gas guide pipe 602, and a gas flow meter 603. Specifically, the explosion-proof cover 601 is arranged on the explosion-proof valve of the single battery, and its main function is to effectively collect the gas that may be released by the battery during overcharging. Moreover, the explosion-proof cover 601 is made of high-strength material, which can maintain structural stability under high pressure or high temperature conditions, thereby protecting the safety of the operator. Connected to the explosion-proof cover 601 is the gas guide pipe 602, which is responsible for safely guiding the gas in the explosion-proof cover 601 to the external environment. The gas flow meter 603 arranged on the gas guide pipe 602 is arranged to measure the gas flow in real time.

[0048] In this embodiment, the airflow measurement assembly 60 provides important data support for the evaluation of the safety performance of the battery by accurately measuring the gas flow. Researchers can evaluate the risk level of the battery under overcharging by monitoring the gas release rate in real time. The data provides a basis for timely taking corresponding measures, helps to prevent accidents, and enhances the overall safety of the test system.

[0049] Optionally, refer to FIG. 10, which is a structural diagram of a support assembly 20 in a test system according to an embodiment of the present application. In order to ensure the stability of the battery module 10 during the test process, the base 201 is designed to include a bottom plate 2011 and a side beam 2012. The main function of the bottom plate 2011 is to bear the battery module 10. The side beam 2012 is transversely arranged at both ends of the bottom plate 2011. The side beam 2012 is attached to the battery module 10 and is responsible for abutting and limiting the battery module 10 to ensure that it does not loosen during the test process.

[0050] In addition, the side beam 2012 is provided with a connecting hole 20121 for the fixing member to pass through and connect with the battery module 10, so as to further fix the battery module 10 on the base 201. The position and number of the connecting hole 20121 can be adjusted according to specific requirements to facilitate the installation and disassembly process.

[0051] In this embodiment, the firmness of the bottom plate 2011 and the limiting effect of the side beam 2012 are combined to form a firm and reliable foundation, which ensures the stability of the battery module 10 under various test conditions and avoids measurement errors caused by displacement or vibration.

[0052] Optionally, considering the heat dissipation of the battery module 10, the support assembly 20 further includes a heat-conducting adhesive layer 202. The heat-conducting adhesive layer 202 is attached to the area of the bottom plate 2011 between the side beams 2012 and is arranged to contact the battery module 10. The heat-conducting adhesive layer 202 is made of a material with high heat-conducting performance, which can significantly improve the heat conduction efficiency between the battery module 10 and the bottom plate 2011.

[0053] In this embodiment, the heat-conducting adhesive layer 202 enhances the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module 10 and provides safety protection. By effectively conducting the heat generated by the battery module 10 in time, the risk of safety hazards caused by the accumulation of heat at the bottom of the battery during overcharging is significantly reduced.

Claims

1. A test system, comprising: a support assembly comprising a base configured to support a battery module; a displacement measurement assembly comprising a support column and a displacement measurer, one end of the support column being fixedly connected to the base, the other end of the support column being movably connected to the displacement measurer, the displacement measurer being configured to measure a displacement of the battery module in an overcharge state; a pressure measurement assembly comprising a pressure test portion and a data transmission portion connected to each other, the pressure test portion being configured to be arranged between single batteries in the battery module to collect pressure data, the data transmission portion being exposed to the outside to be configured to transmit data.

2. The test system of claim 1, wherein, The pressure test portion is configured to cover the side surface of the single battery, and the area of the pressure test portion is greater than the area of the side surface of the single battery.

3. The test system of claim 1, wherein, The displacement measurer comprises an abutting column, a mounting seat, a guide rail and a support seat, the support seat is connected to the base, the guide rail is arranged on the support seat, the mounting seat is slidably connected to the guide rail, the abutting column is arranged on the mounting seat, the abutting column is configured to abut against the battery module, and the abutting column is configured to drive the mounting seat to slide.

4. A test system as claimed in claim 3, wherein, The displacement measurer further comprises a fastener, the mounting seat is provided with a mounting hole, the support seat is provided with a clearance slot along the length direction of the abutting column, and the fastener penetrates the mounting hole and the clearance slot in sequence.

5. A test system as claimed in claim 4, wherein, The displacement measurer further comprises a sliding block, the support seat is provided with a sliding groove along the length direction of the abutting column, the clearance slot is communicated with the sliding groove, the sliding block is slidably connected to the sliding groove, and the fastener is fixedly connected to the sliding block.

6. A test system as claimed in claim 5, wherein, An opening is formed on the side of the support seat away from the fastener, the opening is communicated with the sliding groove, and the fastener penetrates the sliding block.

7. The test system of claim 1, wherein, The test system further comprises a temperature measurement assembly; The temperature measurement assembly comprises a thermocouple, an insulating adhesive paper and a heat insulation adhesive paper, the insulating adhesive paper is attached to the side surface of the single battery opposite to another single battery, the heat insulation adhesive paper is attached to the insulating adhesive paper, the heat insulation adhesive paper is provided with a hollow groove, and the thermocouple is assembled in the hollow groove.

8. The test system of claim 1, wherein, The test system further comprises an airflow measurement assembly; The airflow measurement assembly comprises an explosion-proof cover, a gas guide pipe and a gas flow meter, the explosion-proof cover is arranged on an explosion-proof valve of the single battery, the gas guide pipe is communicated with the explosion-proof cover and the outside, and the gas flow meter is arranged on the gas guide pipe to measure the gas flow.

9. The test system of claim 1, wherein, The base comprises a bottom plate and a side beam, the bottom plate is configured to carry the battery module, the side beam is arranged at both ends of one side of the bottom plate to abut against and limit the battery module, the side beam is provided with a connecting hole for the fixing member to pass through to fixedly connect the battery module.

10. A test system as claimed in claim 9, wherein, The support assembly further comprises a heat-conducting adhesive layer, the heat-conducting adhesive layer is attached to the region of the bottom plate between the side beams, and the heat-conducting adhesive layer is configured to contact the battery module.

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