Electrostatic dust collection device

Abstract

An electrostatic dust collection device, comprising a plurality of positive electrode plates and a plurality of negative electrode plates, wherein the plurality of positive electrode plates and the plurality of negative electrode plates are alternately spaced apart from each other, the positive electrode plates are connected to a positive electrode of a high-voltage power supply, and the negative electrode plates are connected to a negative electrode of the high-voltage power supply. There are at least two adjacent electrode plates that are both made of a conductive material wrapped with an insulating material, and at least one of the two adjacent electrode plates contains a bare conductive material portion, the bare conductive material portion being located inside an effective working area, or located outside the effective working area and at a distance of less than or equal to 10 mm from the effective working area; if both the two adjacent electrode plates contain a bare conductive material portion, the distance between the bare conductive material portions on the two adjacent electrode plates in a direction perpendicular to an electrode plate spacing is greater than or equal to a minimum electrode plate spacing, the effective working area referring to an area between the two adjacent electrode plates through which unpurified gas can flow. Thus, while normal operation when high voltages are applied to conductive materials of adjacent electrodes can be ensured, the long-term operation efficiency of the electrostatic dust collection device can be well maintained.

Description

Electrostatic dust collecting device

[0001] The present disclosure claims priority to the Chinese patent application with the application date of September 27, 2024, the application number of 202411364724.4, and the invention title of "Electrostatic dust collecting device". TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of electrostatic dust removal, in particular to an electrostatic dust collecting device. BACKGROUND

[0003] Electrostatic dust collectors have been widely used and developed due to their low wind resistance, repeated cleaning and other advantages.

[0004] The electrostatic dust collecting device in the electrostatic dust collector is composed of discharge electrode plates and dust collecting electrode plates arranged alternately in parallel to form a strong electrostatic field to achieve dust collecting function. The electrode plate is the most core component of the electrostatic dust collecting device, and its material and structure determine the purification capacity, cost, service life, by-products, reliability, safety, etc. of the dust collector.

[0005] Air has a pressure limit, which changes with air humidity and is related to the flatness and surface finish of the electrode plate of the electrostatic dust collecting device. It is generally recognized that the air pressure value is 3KV per millimeter. When the voltage between the electrodes exceeds this voltage, the air will be punctured. When designing an air filter, a conductive material is usually used as the electrode plate. Due to environmental changes, processing technology, and adsorption of dust, etc., the voltage that can be applied between the electrode plates is usually only half of the air pressure, and some new technologies can improve this data, but the voltage that can be finally applied cannot exceed the air pressure.

[0006] The dust collector composed of conductive material electrode plates wrapped with insulating material (hereinafter referred to as "strong electric field scheme") is one of the current mainstream electrostatic dust collecting device schemes. Because the conductive electrode is wrapped with insulating material and is not exposed to the air, it can ensure that it will not be punctured in the case of applying a voltage higher than the air pressure value. The insulating material wrapped with the conductive material electrode plate can apply a voltage on the electrode that is independent of the air pressure and only related to the voltage of the insulating material. The commonly used insulating materials, such as PP (Polypropylene), PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate), ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene), PC (Polycarbonate), etc., 0.1mm thick insulating material can withstand several thousand volts of high voltage, which is much higher than the air pressure of 3kv / mm, so the dust collector using the strong electric field scheme can apply higher voltage on the electrode.

[0007] The dust collector with the voltage applied on the air medium higher than the air withstand voltage can be referred to as a strong electric field electrostatic dust collector. Because the voltage applied in the air is positively correlated with the purification efficiency, the higher the voltage, the higher the purification efficiency, so the strong electric field electrostatic dust collector has higher purification efficiency and smaller size. Moreover, due to the wrapping of the insulating material, the working current of the strong electric field electrostatic dust collector is extremely low, and no ozone is generated, having very excellent performance characteristics.

[0008] However, due to the use of the insulating material, this type of dust collector also has obvious performance defects. That is, it is greatly affected by the air withstand voltage, resulting in a rapid performance decline. This is because the air withstand voltage between the parallel electrodes is not constant, and the electrode surface is destroyed in insulation due to the adsorption of pollutants, so that the air withstand voltage between the electrodes is also reduced, and the reduction of the electric field strength between the electrodes directly leads to the performance decline of the electrostatic dust collector.

[0009] Therefore, there is a need for a strong electric field electrostatic dust collector capable of maintaining a high purification efficiency for a long time. SUMMARY

[0010] One of the technical problems to be solved by the present disclosure is how to design a strong electric field electrostatic dust collector capable of maintaining a high purification efficiency for a long time.

[0011] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, an electrostatic dust collector is provided, comprising: a plurality of positive electrode plates and a plurality of negative electrode plates, the plurality of positive electrode plates and the plurality of negative electrode plates being respectively and alternately spaced apart, the positive electrode plates being connected to a positive pole of a high-voltage power supply, and the negative electrode plates being connected to a negative pole of the high-voltage power supply; at least two adjacent electrode plates are composed of an insulating material wrapped with a conductive material, at least one of the two adjacent electrode plates has exposed conductive material, the exposed conductive material is located in an effective working area, or the exposed conductive material is located outside the effective working area and the distance between the exposed conductive material and the effective working area is less than or equal to 10 mm, and if the two adjacent electrode plates both have the exposed conductive material, the distance between the exposed conductive materials on the two adjacent electrode plates in the direction perpendicular to the electrode plate spacing is greater than or equal to the minimum electrode plate spacing, and the effective working area refers to the area between the two adjacent electrode plates through which the unclean gas can flow.

[0012] Optionally, if the exposed conductive material is located outside the effective working area, the distance between the exposed conductive material and the effective working area is less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0013] Optionally, the exposed conductive material is located in the effective working area.

[0014] Optionally, the exposed conductive material is a connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply.

[0015] Optionally, the electrostatic dust collecting device further comprises a first frame configured to avoid the connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply so that the connection part is located within the effective working area.

[0016] Optionally, the electrostatic dust collecting device further comprises a second frame configured to shield the first connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply so that the first connection part is located outside the effective working area, the connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply comprises the first connection part and a second connection part, the second connection part is in communication with the first connection part and extends from the first connection part to the effective working area, and the exposed conductive material is the second connection part.

[0017] Optionally, at least one of the two adjacent electrode plates is configured to expose a section of the exposed conductive material from at least one position of the opposite surface or at least one side surface, the electrode plate comprises two surfaces, two side surfaces, a connection surface and an opposite surface, the distance between the two mutually approaching surfaces of the two adjacent electrode plates is the electrode plate spacing, the connection surface refers to the surface where the connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply is located, the opposite surface refers to the surface parallel to the connection surface, and the connection surface is located outside the effective working area.

[0018] Optionally, the two adjacent electrode plates are configured to respectively expose at least one section of the exposed conductive material from different side surfaces of the two adjacent electrode plates.

[0019] Optionally, the two adjacent electrode plates are configured to respectively expose at least one section of the exposed conductive material from the same side surface of the two adjacent electrode plates, and the distance between the exposed conductive materials exposed from the same side surface of the two adjacent electrode plates in the length direction of the electrode plate is greater than or equal to the minimum electrode plate spacing.

[0020] Optionally, the two adjacent electrode plates are configured to expose the internal conductive material at at least one position on the electrode surface of one of the electrode plates, expose at least one section of the exposed conductive material from the opposite surface or side surface of the other electrode plate or expose the internal conductive material at at least one position on the electrode surface of the other electrode plate, and the distance between the exposed conductive materials of the two adjacent electrode plates in the direction perpendicular to the electrode plate spacing is greater than or equal to the minimum electrode plate spacing, the electrode plate comprises two surfaces, two side surfaces, a connection surface and an opposite surface, the distance between the two mutually approaching surfaces of the two adjacent electrode plates is the electrode plate spacing, the connection surface refers to the surface where the connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply is located, the opposite surface refers to the surface parallel to the connection surface, and the connection surface is located outside the effective working area.

[0021] This disclosure discloses an electrostatic precipitator with at least two adjacent electrode plates, both composed of conductive material wrapped in insulating material. At least one electrode plate has exposed conductive material, which is located within the effective working area, or located outside the effective working area with a distance of less than or equal to 10 mm. Thus, contaminants adsorbed onto the insulating material on the electrode surface during operation are connected to the high-voltage power supply by the exposed conductive material. This allows the conductive contaminants on the electrode surface to be driven by the power supply, thereby maintaining the long-term operating efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator. Furthermore, if both adjacent electrode plates have exposed conductive material, the exposed conductive material on the two adjacent electrode plates is not directly aligned; that is, the distance between the exposed conductive material on the two adjacent electrode plates in the direction perpendicular to the electrode plate spacing is greater than or equal to the minimum electrode plate spacing. This avoids direct discharge and arcing, allowing normal operation even when high voltage is applied to the conductive material of adjacent electrodes. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The above and other objects, features and advantages of this disclosure will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals generally denote like parts.

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic side view of the insulated electrode.

[0024] Figure 2 is a top view of the cross-section of the insulating electrode.

[0025] Figure 3 is a top cross-sectional schematic diagram showing an electrode plate made based on the insulating electrodes shown in Figures 1 and 2.

[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing a typical operating state of an electrostatic precipitator.

[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the formation principle of the reverse electric field.

[0028] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an electrode that has adsorbed pollutants.

[0029] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing the effective working area when a frame (i.e., a second frame) is set outside the electrode.

[0030] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing the effective working area based on the modified external frame (i.e., the first frame).

[0031] Figure 9A is a side cross-sectional schematic diagram of an electrode plate.

[0032] Figure 9B is a top view schematic diagram showing an electrode plate.

[0033] Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of two adjacent electrode plates.

[0034] Fig. 11A is a schematic diagram showing a side cross-sectional view of another electrode plate.

[0035] Fig. 11B is a schematic diagram showing a top cross-sectional view of another electrode plate.

[0036] Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a top cross-sectional view of two adjacent electrode plates.

[0037] Fig. 13A is a schematic diagram showing another top cross-sectional view of two adjacent electrode plates.

[0038] Fig. 13B is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement of electrode plates based on the configuration shown in Fig. 13A.

[0039] Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram showing another top cross-sectional view of two adjacent electrode plates.

[0040] Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram showing another top cross-sectional view of two adjacent electrode plates.

[0041] Fig. 16A is a schematic diagram showing a side cross-sectional view of another electrode plate.

[0042] Fig. 16B is a schematic diagram showing a top cross-sectional view of another electrode plate.

[0043] Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram showing another structure of two adjacent electrode plates.

[0044] Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of an electrostatic dust collector.

[0045] Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement of electrode plates in an electrostatic dust collector.

[0046] Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of another electrostatic dust collector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in greater detail below, with reference to the accompanying drawings. While preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it is understood that the present disclosure can be embodied in various forms without being limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0048] A complete electrostatic precipitator needs to include both charging device and dust collecting device. The function of the charging device is to charge the fine particles in the air, so that they are charged. The dust collecting device passes through the electrostatic field and adsorbs the charged particles to achieve the effect of air purification. The present disclosure only relates to the improvement of the dust collecting device, and does not relate to the improvement of the charging device, so the present disclosure does not describe the charging device, but focuses on describing the dust collecting device. It should be understood that the dust collecting device (i.e. electrostatic precipitator) described in the present disclosure can be used with the charging device to form a complete electrostatic precipitator. Alternatively, the electrostatic precipitator described in the present disclosure can also include a charging device to form a complete electrostatic precipitator. In addition, some test cases mentioned in the text are the results of tests with the charging device by default.

[0049] In the present disclosure, the terms "electrode" and "electrode plate" can be used interchangeably.

[0050] Firstly, the present disclosure demonstrates the defects of the strong electric field scheme through experiments.

[0051] The strong electric field scheme refers to the positive and negative electrodes of the dust collector, which are wrapped with conductive material electrode plates.

[0052] The traditional ESP scheme refers to the positive and negative electrodes of the dust collector, which are wrapped with conductive material electrode plates.

[0053] The experimental content is as follows: using a filter screen with a size of 300*250mm, a thickness of 40mm, and a sheet spacing of 1.5mm, the strong electric field scheme and the traditional ESP scheme are used respectively, and the filter screens using the two different schemes are placed in the air purifier to test the CADR (Clean Air Delivery Rate). The test results are as follows.

[0054] It can be seen that the initial CADR of the strong electric field scheme is significantly better than that of the traditional ESP scheme.

[0055] The present disclosure also accelerates the aging of the filter screens of the above two schemes by loading cigarette combustion according to the particle accumulation net content test method in Appendix C of the standard GB / T 18801-2022 Air Purifier, and observes the change of purification capacity. The specific test results are as follows.

[0056] It can be seen that the initial purification efficiency of the strong electric field scheme is very high, but its purification capacity decays quickly, and after a period of use, the performance is not as good as that of the traditional ESP scheme. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the long-term running performance of the strong electric field electrostatic precipitator.

[0057] Therefore, the present disclosure provides an electrostatic dust collector, which can maintain a high purification efficiency without a significant performance decrease when air pressure resistance decreases due to contamination of insulating electrodes.

[0058] The electrostatic dust collector comprises a plurality of positive electrode plates and a plurality of negative electrode plates. The plurality of positive electrode plates and the plurality of negative electrode plates are alternately and spaced apart from each other. The positive electrode plates are connected to a positive pole of a high-voltage power supply, and the negative electrode plates are connected to a negative pole of the high-voltage power supply.

[0059] At least two adjacent electrode plates in the plurality of positive electrode plates and the plurality of negative electrode plates are composed of an insulating material wrapped around a conductive material. That is, there can be at least one group of insulating electrodes in the plurality of positive electrode plates and the plurality of negative electrode plates. For example, all of the positive electrode plates and all of the negative electrode plates can be insulating electrodes. The insulating material can be, but is not limited to, polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polycarbonate (PC), etc. The thickness of the insulating material (i.e., the thickness of the insulating layer) can be flexibly set according to actual conditions.

[0060] For convenience of description, the electrode composed of the insulating material wrapped around the conductive material is referred to as an insulating electrode.

[0061] FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an insulating electrode.

[0062] FIG. 2 is a top sectional view of the insulating electrode.

[0063] [Corrected according to Rule 91 on 29.08.2025] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the insulating electrode has a two-layer structure from inside to outside. The inner layer, i.e., the middle part (i.e., the diagonal hatched part in the figures) is a conductive layer. The outer layer is an insulating layer.

[0064] FIG. 3 is a top sectional view of an electrode plate made of the insulating electrode shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

[0065] As shown in FIG. 3, the conductive layer of the electrode plate is at least led out in one direction to be connected to a power supply. The part of the conductive layer of the electrode plate led out in one direction to be connected to the power supply can be referred to as a connection part.

[0066] FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a conventional working state of the electrostatic dust collector.

[0067] Referring to FIG. 4, the positive and negative electrodes are arranged in an interval. Both the positive and negative electrodes are insulated electrodes. The conductive material inside the positive electrode group is connected to the positive pole of the power supply on one side, and the conductive material inside the negative electrode group is connected to the negative pole of the power supply on the other side. When two adjacent electrodes are loaded with high voltage from the positive and negative poles of the power supply, there is a strong electrostatic field between the two adjacent electrodes (the overlapping area of the conductive material inside the insulated electrode), and the area where the electrostatic field exists is the working area of the electrostatic dust removal device (i.e. the area shown by the wavy line in FIG. 4). In actual application, only a part of the working area shown in FIG. 4 belongs to the effective working area. The effective working area (also referred to as the effective purification area) refers to the area between the two adjacent electrode plates through which the uncleaned gas can flow. For example, referring to the description of FIG. 7 below, only the part where the adjacent electrodes are aligned belongs to the effective working area, and the connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply is outside the effective working area.

[0068] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the formation principle of the reverse electric field.

[0069] Referring to FIG. 5, during the working process of the electrostatic dust removal filter, the pollutants flowing into the effective working area with the air will carry charges, and these charges will be adsorbed on the surface of the electrode with opposite polarity under the action of the electric field. Since the electrode surface is an insulating material, these reverse charges will accumulate on the surface of the insulating material, and eventually form a reverse electric field.

[0070] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the electrode with adsorbed pollutants.

[0071] [Corrected according to Rule 91 on 29.08.2025] Referring to FIG. 6, when the electrostatic dust removal filter is working, pollutants will accumulate on the surface of the effective working area. The part of the insulating layer surface filled with grids in FIG. 6 is the pollutants attached to the surface of the insulating layer. The pollutants in the air usually contain conductive substances. For example, in the standard pollutants specified in GB14295, carbon black is a conductive substance. In actual work, ester substances, metal powders, etc. in the air also have certain conductive properties. As the conductive pollutants accumulate more and more, the insulating property of the electrode surface will be gradually destroyed, thereby reducing the air withstand voltage. The reduction of the air withstand voltage will also form a reverse electric field on the pollutants outside the insulating material of the electrode surface, which is opposite to the polarity of the voltage inside the electrode, thereby weakening the electric field strength between the electrode plates (i.e. between the electrodes).

[0072] The reverse electric field on the surface of the electrode has the greatest impact on the efficiency of the electrostatic dust removal device in the state of complete insulation from the power supply of the electrode. However, if the power supply is connected to the surface pollutants, the performance decline can be greatly reduced. The connection referred to here is a broad connection, including direct and indirect connection of conductive pollutants to the power supply.

[0073] For at least two adjacent electrode plates in an electrostatic precipitator, both of which are insulated electrodes, the disclosure aims to configure at least one of the two adjacent electrode plates to have exposed conductive material, which is located within the effective working area, or which is located outside the effective working area and close to the effective working area, meaning that the distance between the exposed conductive material and the effective working area is less than or equal to 10 mm, and if both of the two adjacent electrode plates have exposed conductive material, the exposed conductive material on the two adjacent electrode plates is not directly opposite. Directly opposite means that the distance between the exposed conductive material on the two adjacent electrode plates in the direction perpendicular to the electrode plate spacing must be greater than or equal to the minimum electrode plate spacing. The minimum electrode plate spacing refers to the minimum value of the distance between all adjacent electrode plates in the electrostatic precipitator, that is, the minimum sheet spacing between positive and negative electrodes. The distances between different electrode plates in the same electrostatic precipitator can be the same or different. Moreover, different electrostatic precipitators can have different minimum electrode plate spacings. In some embodiments, the distance of the exposed conductive material in the direction perpendicular to the electrode plate spacing is usually much greater than the minimum electrode plate spacing, such as 2.5 times, 5 times, 12 times, etc.

[0074] There can be one or more groups of electrode plates in the electrostatic precipitator that use insulated electrodes. Each group of electrode plates consists of two adjacent electrode plates. The disclosure can only modify the electrode plates of some groups, or can modify all groups of electrode plates, and configure them to have at least one electrode plate with exposed conductive material, which is located within the effective working area, or which is located outside the effective working area and close to the effective working area, and if both of the two adjacent electrode plates have exposed conductive material, the exposed conductive material on the two adjacent electrode plates is not directly opposite.

[0075] The exposed conductive material is in communication with the conductive layer inside the insulated electrode. By providing exposed conductive material within the effective working area, contaminants with conductive electrode surfaces can communicate with the power supply through the exposed conductive material, thereby obtaining the driving of the power supply, so that the long-term operation efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator can be well maintained. At the same time, because of the high voltage applied by the conductive material of the adjacent electrode, it can only work normally when it is protected by insulation. Therefore, by setting the exposed conductive material on the two adjacent electrode plates to be not directly opposite when both of the two adjacent electrode plates have exposed conductive material, the situation of directly generating discharge sparks can be avoided.

[0076] In practical applications, the effective working area can be regarded as an analog quantity with non-0-1 relationship. Although air (e.g. uncleaned gas) flows through the effective working area, it will diffuse to the shielding space outside the effective working area due to turbulence. The less air flows through the shielding space near the edge (i.e. farther away from the effective working area), the more air flows through the shielding space near the effective working area. Therefore, arranging the exposed conductive material outside the effective working area and near the effective working area can achieve a certain degree of driving of the power supply to the conductive contaminants. However, compared with arranging the exposed conductive material inside the effective working area, the driving effect is relatively weak. Therefore, by arranging the exposed conductive material outside the effective working area and near the effective working area, the long-term running efficiency of the electrostatic dust collection device can also be improved to a certain extent. The exposed conductive material near the effective working area means that the distance between the exposed conductive material and the edge of the effective working area is less than or equal to 10 mm, i.e. the exposed conductive material is located outside the effective working area and the distance between the exposed conductive material and the effective working area is less than or equal to 10 mm. For example, if the exposed conductive material is located outside the effective working area, the distance between the exposed conductive material and the effective working area can be less than or equal to 5 mm. For example, the exposed conductive material can be arranged at a position 5 mm away from the edge of the effective working area.

[0077] In some embodiments, the exposed conductive material can be a connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply. That is, the connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply can act as the exposed conductive material. The connection part of the positive electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply, and the connection part of the negative electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply, are usually located at two ends of the electrode plate away from each other. Therefore, taking the connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply as the exposed conductive material can meet the condition that the exposed conductive materials on the adjacent electrode plates are not directly opposite.

[0078] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the effective working area when a frame (i.e. a second frame) is arranged outside the electrode.

[0079] Referring to FIG. 7, when the electrode group is truly assembled into a filter screen, the positive and negative electrodes will be misaligned to some extent, which facilitates power supply to the electrodes. At the same time, due to structural, performance and safety considerations, there will be an additional frame outside the electrode, which will form a certain shielding to the power supply area of the electrode. The edge of the electrode is not directly ventilated, so that the connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply is located outside the effective working area. Therefore, the true effective working area of the electrostatic dust collection device is actually shrunk to the edge frame hollow area, i.e. the area shown by the wavy line in FIG. 7. And the electrodes are misaligned to a certain extent, which prevents the contaminants from diffusing to the conductive part of the electrode edge, thereby preventing the connection of the contaminants on the surface of the insulating material to the power supply.

[0080] In the case that the connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply is not in the effective working area due to being blocked, the present disclosure proposes two feasible ways to make the connection part as exposed conductive material.

[0081] One feasible way is to modify the external frame (i.e., the second frame), and the modified external frame (i.e., the first frame) avoids the connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply, so that the connection part is in the effective working area.

[0082] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the effective working area based on the modified external frame (i.e., the first frame).

[0083] As shown in FIG. 8, the external frame can be modified with the goal of "avoiding the conductive part (i.e., the connection part) of the electrode and the power supply connection, so that the exposed connection part is in the effective working area".

[0084] In other words, the electrostatic dust collector can further include a first frame. The first frame is configured to avoid the connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply, so that the connection part is in the effective working area.

[0085] In this way, the connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply can be in the effective working area in a simple way, while also meeting the condition that the exposed part of the conductive material of the adjacent electrode plate is not directly opposite. However, since the product conductive part and the power supply connection have poor aesthetics and the area near the connection has low purification efficiency, the overall purification efficiency of the filter will be sacrificed, so this way can be considered as a feasible but not ideal solution.

[0086] Another feasible way is to expand the connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply, so that the expanded connection part can enter the effective working area.

[0087] That is, the electrostatic dust collector can further include a second frame. The second frame is configured to shield the first connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply, so that the first connection part is outside the effective working area. The second frame can be considered as the external frame shown in FIG. 7. Without modifying the second frame, the size of the connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply can be expanded, so that the connection part can enter the effective working area. Thus, the connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply can include a first connection part and a second connection part, the second connection part is in communication with the first connection part and extends from the first connection part into the effective working area, and the exposed conductive material is the second connection part.

[0088] FIG. 9A is a side view schematic diagram of an electrode plate.

[0089] FIG. 9B is a top view of an electrode plate.

[0090] [Corrected according to Rule 91 on 29.08.2025] Referring to FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B, the exposed part shown on the right side of the dashed line (i.e., the oblique fill part shown on the right side of the dashed line in the figure) is the first connection part, and the exposed part shown on the left side of the dashed line (i.e., the oblique fill part shown on the left side of the dashed line in the figure) is the second connection part. The first connection part is located outside the effective working area, and the second connection part is located inside the effective working area. By extending the connection part, which is originally entirely outside the effective working area, to the inside of the effective working area, a part of the connection part (i.e., the second connection part) can be extended to the inside of the effective working area, so that the second connection part can serve as exposed conductive material that can help the electrode surface conductive contaminants to communicate with the power supply.

[0091] In the case where the connection part of the electrode plate (insulating electrode) and the high-voltage power supply is blocked and located outside the effective working area, the electrode plate can also have exposed conductive material inside the effective working area by destroying the surface insulation properties of the electrode plate. For the electrode plate, the positions that can destroy the surface insulation properties include the side, the opposite side, and the surface.

[0092] The surface (i.e., the electrode surface) can also be referred to as the front surface. In this disclosure, the surface and the front surface can be used interchangeably. Each electrode plate includes two surfaces, two sides, one connection surface, and one opposite surface. The distance between the two surfaces of two adjacent electrode plates that are close to each other can be referred to as the electrode plate spacing. The connection surface refers to the surface where the electrode plate is connected to the high-voltage power supply. The opposite surface refers to the surface parallel to the connection surface. In the case where the connection surface of the electrode plate (insulating electrode) and the high-voltage power supply is blocked and located outside the effective working area, the connection surface is located outside the effective working area and is usually far away from the effective working area. However, the positive and negative electrode plates are usually arranged with a certain distance, which makes the opposite surface not far away from the effective working area even if it is located outside the effective working area. Therefore, the position that can destroy the surface insulation properties can also include the opposite surface. The side mentioned below for destroying the insulation properties refers to at least one of the two sides. For example, the surface where the electrode plate is connected to the high-voltage power supply (i.e., the connection surface) can be the surface composed of the width and thickness of the electrode plate, and the side for destroying the insulation properties can be the two sides composed of the length and width of the electrode plate.

[0093] Destroying the front surface is a big problem. Considering the cost and structural factors, the conductive material used is usually very thin and can easily fall off under high pressure. Destroying the insulation properties of the front surface requires high material requirements and current processes are difficult to achieve or very costly. In addition, when destroying the insulation properties of the surfaces of two adjacent electrode plates, the non-orthogonal condition also needs to be met.

[0094] As described above, misalignment refers to a spatial misalignment by a certain distance. The distance refers to a distance in the parallel-plate direction. The parallel-plate direction is a direction perpendicular to the plate spacing. The plate spacing refers to a distance between the surfaces (front surfaces) of the electrode plates composed of the length and width of the electrode plates. The plate spacing is perpendicular to the surfaces of the electrode plates composed of the length and width of the electrode plates. Therefore, the direction perpendicular to the plate spacing (i.e., the parallel-plate direction) can be the length direction of the electrode plates or the width direction of the electrode plates. The distance should not be too small in principle, and should be greater than or equal to the minimum plate spacing between the positive and negative electrodes to ensure initial normal operation. Therefore, for two adjacent electrode plates that both belong to the insulating electrodes in the electrostatic precipitator, if the insulating properties of the front surfaces of the two adjacent electrode plates are both destroyed, it is difficult to satisfy the misalignment distance required by the misalignment condition, and the requirement for the conductive material is high and difficult to achieve in terms of technology.

[0095] In contrast, it is relatively easy to destroy the insulating properties from the side or the opposite side, and the spatial isolation can be achieved by using the physical size of the electrode plates, i.e., the length or width of the electrode plates can be used to provide sufficient misalignment distance between the exposed conductive materials of the two adjacent electrode plates, so that the misalignment condition can be well satisfied. Therefore, the disclosure preferably destroys the insulating properties from the side or the opposite side of the electrode plates.

[0096] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of two adjacent electrode plates.

[0097] As shown in FIG. 10, the exposed conductive material can be provided on the same side of the two adjacent electrode plates, and the distance (i.e., the misalignment distance l) between the exposed conductive materials of the two adjacent electrode plates is the distance of the exposed conductive materials of the two adjacent electrode plates in the length direction of the electrode plates. The plate spacing d is the distance between the surfaces (front surfaces) of the two adjacent electrode plates. In FIG. 10, the misalignment distance l can be increased by using the length dimension of the electrode plates. The direction indicated by arrow A in FIG. 10 is the length direction of the electrode plates, the direction indicated by arrow B is the width direction of the electrode plates, and the direction perpendicular to the length direction and the width direction is the thickness direction of the electrode plates.

[0098] For at least two adjacent electrode plates that both belong to the insulating electrodes in the electrostatic precipitator, at least one of the two adjacent electrode plates can be configured to expose a section of the conductive material from at least one position on the opposite side or at least one side. The at least one side can be one side or two sides. The position from which the exposed conductive material is exposed can be a position within the effective working area or a position outside the effective working area and close to the effective working area, i.e., a position with a distance from the effective working area less than or equal to 10 mm.

[0099] Both of the two adjacent electrode plates can be configured to expose a section of the conductive material from at least one position of at least one side. Alternatively, only one of the two adjacent electrode plates can be configured to expose a section of the conductive material from at least one position of at least one side. In the case that only one of the two adjacent electrode plates is configured to expose a section of the conductive material from at least one position of at least one side, the other electrode plate can be configured to expose a section of the conductive material from the front side or can be configured to have no exposed conductive material.

[0100] In the case that both of the two adjacent electrode plates are configured to expose a section of the conductive material from at least one position of at least one side, the two adjacent electrode plates can be configured to expose at least one section of the conductive material from different sides of the two adjacent electrode plates or can be configured to expose at least one section of the conductive material from the same side of the two adjacent electrode plates. In the case that the two adjacent electrode plates are configured to expose at least one section of the conductive material from the same side of the two adjacent electrode plates, the distance between the exposed conductive materials of the two adjacent electrode plates in the length direction of the electrode plates is greater than or equal to the minimum electrode plate spacing to satisfy the non-orthogonal condition.

[0101] It is also theoretically possible to destroy the insulating properties of the electrode plate surface from the front side. For two adjacent electrode plates, one of the two adjacent electrode plates can be configured to expose the internal conductive material from the front side (i.e., the electrode surface), and the other can be configured to expose or expose a section of the exposed conductive material from at least one position of the opposite side or side or front side, and the distance between the exposed conductive materials of the two adjacent electrode plates in the direction perpendicular to the electrode plate spacing (e.g., the length direction of the electrode plate or the width direction of the electrode plate) is greater than or equal to the minimum electrode plate spacing to satisfy the non-orthogonal condition.

[0102] The following examples illustrate how to destroy the insulating properties from the side.

[0103] FIG. 11A is a schematic side view of another electrode plate.

[0104] FIG. 11B is a schematic top view of another electrode plate.

[0105] Referring to FIGS. 11A and 11B, the conductive layer inside the electrode plate can be completely exposed to the electrode edge. That is, all surfaces of the electrode plate except the surface can be designed as a bare structure without being wrapped by insulating material. This has the advantage that the electrode is easy to process and many processes can be completed. However, since all surfaces (i.e., the periphery) of the electrode plate except the surface are completely conductive, the electrode plate cannot be used throughout the entire electrostatic precipitator. At most, it can be used as all positive electrodes or all negative electrodes, and the adjacent electrodes in the effective working area cannot have any exposed conductive material.

[0106] Therefore, for two adjacent electrode plates in the electrostatic precipitator, only one of the two electrode plates can be configured as shown in FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B, and the other electrode plate cannot have any exposed conductive material in the effective working area. Therefore, only the power source can drive the conductive contaminants adsorbed on the surface of one of the electrode plates.

[0107] FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a top cross-section of two adjacent electrode plates.

[0108] Referring to FIG. 12, the electrode plates shown in FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B can be improved by exposing only one side of the electrode plate to the conductive material, which can support the configuration of all electrode plates. When installed, the two adjacent electrode plates can be rotated by 180° to expose the conductive material on different sides of the two adjacent electrode plates, so as to ensure that the exposed conductive materials of the two adjacent electrode plates are not directly opposite.

[0109] In actual applications, the electrode plates shown in FIG. 12 can still encounter engineering problems, such as difficulty in pressing or bonding the conductive material. In this case, the range of exposed conductive material can be further reduced to solve the encountered engineering problems.

[0110] FIG. 13A is another schematic view of a top cross-section of two adjacent electrode plates.

[0111] FIG. 13B is a schematic view of an arrangement structure based on the electrode plates shown in FIG. 13A.

[0112] Referring to FIG. 13A, a row of exposed conductive material can be led out on different sides (for example, the sides in the effective working area) of the two adjacent electrode plates. The number of exposed conductive material can be set as needed, and the minimum number is 1. In FIG. 13A, the distance between the exposed conductive materials of the two adjacent electrode plates is equal to the width of the electrode plate. That is, FIG. 13A uses the width of the electrode plate to ensure that the exposed conductive materials of the two adjacent electrode plates have sufficient staggered distance.

[0113] Referring to FIG. 13B, the electrode exposed part (i.e., the exposed conductive material) can be placed on one side of the electrode sheet (i.e., the electrode plate), and the electrode exposed parts of the adjacent electrode sheets are arranged in a staggered manner when arranged. Based on this, a filter screen with a size of 300*250mm, a thickness of 40mm, and a sheet spacing of 1.5mm can be made. In this arrangement, the staggered distance of the exposed electrodes can be more than 20 times the sheet spacing.

[0114] It should be noted that FIG. 13A and FIGS. 14 and 15 are merely used to represent how to set the exposed conductive material on two adjacent electrode plates. FIG. 13A and FIGS. 14 and 15 are not used to represent the actual arrangement of the two adjacent electrode plates. The actual arrangement of the electrode plates can be seen from FIG. 13B and FIGS. 18 to 20.

[0115] FIG. 14 is another top view of a cross-sectional view of two adjacent electrode plates.

[0116] Referring to FIG. 14, at least one piece of exposed conductive material can be derived from the same side of two adjacent electrode plates. For example, one or more pieces of exposed conductive material can be derived from each of the two sides of each of the two adjacent electrode plates. The exposed conductive material derived from the same side of the two adjacent electrode plates can be offset in the length direction of the electrode plates to meet the non-orthogonal condition. That is, the distance between the exposed conductive material derived from the same side of the two adjacent electrode plates in the length direction of the electrode plates is greater than or equal to the minimum inter-plate distance. For the exposed conductive material derived from different sides of the two adjacent electrode plates, the non-orthogonal condition can be naturally met by the width of the electrode plates.

[0117] FIG. 15 is another top view of a cross-sectional view of two adjacent electrode plates.

[0118] Referring to FIG. 15, the minimum configuration can be that one piece of exposed conductive material is derived from each of the two ends of the two adjacent electrode plates that are away from each other. The exposed conductive material derived from the two adjacent electrode plates can be located on the same side or on different sides. In addition, the exposed conductive material can be located within the effective working area.

[0119] The various configurations shown in FIGS. 12 to 15 above are all derived from the side to expose the internal conductive material to the air while meeting the non-orthogonal condition of the exposed conductive material of the two adjacent electrodes, and the size of the electrode itself (i.e., the length or width of the electrode plate) can be used to maximize the distance between the exposed conductive material of the two adjacent electrodes.

[0120] FIG. 16A is a side view of a cross-sectional view of another electrode plate.

[0121] FIG. 16B is a top view of a cross-sectional view of another electrode plate.

[0122] Referring to FIGS. 16A and 16B, a portion of the conductive material can also be derived from the connection between the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply into the effective working area. The conductive material derived into the effective working area can be located on the side of the electrode plate within the effective working area or on the front surface of the electrode plate within the effective working area.

[0123] Figure 17 is another structural diagram showing two adjacent electrode plates.

[0124] [Corrected according to Rule 91 on 29.08.2025] The wire frame in Figure 17 can be the external frame (i.e. the second frame) shown in Figure 7 above. The area within the second frame in Figure 17 can be considered as a shielding area outside the effective working area. Referring to Figure 17, a piece of exposed conductive material can be led out at each of the two ends of the two adjacent electrode plates away from each other. The exposed conductive materials led out from the two adjacent electrode plates can be located on the same side or on different sides. Moreover, the positions of the exposed conductive materials led out can be located outside the effective working area and close to the effective working area, i.e. the distance between the exposed conductive materials led out and the effective working area is less than or equal to 10 mm.

[0125] Figure 18 is a structural diagram showing an electrostatic dust removal device.

[0126] [Corrected according to Rule 91 on 29.08.2025] Referring to Figure 18, the edges of the electrostatic dust removal device are shielded (not shown in the figure). The part shown by the dashed line in the middle of the electrostatic dust removal device is the effective working area. All the electrode plates in the electrostatic dust removal device can be insulated electrodes. The connection part of the electrode plates to the high-voltage power supply is located outside the effective working area. Any two adjacent electrode plates in the strong electric field electrostatic dust removal device can be configured such that a set of exposed conductive materials is led out at each of the two ends of the two electrode plates away from each other. Each set of exposed conductive materials includes a piece of exposed conductive material located on each of the two sides of the electrode plate. The exposed conductive materials are located within the effective working area. In this way, the distance between the exposed conductive materials of the two adjacent electrode plates can reach 100 times the inter-plate distance (i.e. the inter-plate distance).

[0127] The filter screen size of the electrostatic dust removal device shown in Figure 18 is 300*250 mm, the thickness is 40 mm, and the inter-plate distance is 1.5 mm. The CADR and dust holding capacity data of the strong electric field electrostatic dust removal device shown in Figure 18 are also tested, and compared with those of the traditional strong electric field product, and the test results are as follows.

[0128] It can be seen that the initial purification efficiency of this scheme is very high, and the efficiency decreases slowly and tends to be stable in the long term. Compared with the traditional strong electric field scheme, the dust holding capacity is increased by many times.

[0129] Figure 19 is a structural diagram showing the arrangement of electrode plates in an electrostatic dust removal device.

[0130] Referring to Figure 19, for at least two (such as any two) adjacent electrode plates in the electrostatic dust removal device, only one of the electrode plates can be configured to have exposed conductive materials, and the other electrode plate can be configured to have no exposed conductive materials.

[0131] Based on this, a filter screen with a size of 300*250mm, a thickness of 40mm, and a sheet spacing of 1.5mm is made. Considering that the adsorption speed of the positive and negative electrodes for pollutants is different, the positive electrode adsorbs more pollutants, and the negative electrode adsorbs less pollutants, the negative electrode plate can be configured to not have exposed conductive material, and the positive electrode plate can be configured to have exposed conductive material.

[0132] The test results of this kind of filter screen are as follows.

[0133] It can be seen that only one of the adjacent electrode plates is configured to have exposed conductive material, which can also improve the dust holding capacity of the filter, but the improvement is greatly reduced.

[0134] FIG. 20 is a structural schematic diagram of another electrostatic dust removal device.

[0135] Referring to FIG. 20, in this embodiment, a special configuration is made, the exposed conductive material of the positive electrode plate in the electrostatic dust removal device is arranged in the effective working area, and the exposed conductive material of the negative electrode plate in the electrostatic dust removal device is placed outside the effective working area, but not too far from the effective working area.

[0136] Generally, the part of the electrode connected to the conductive rod is more than 10mm away from the effective working area. Because the so-called effective working area is a definition with actual physical existence and specific size. In actual work, although the air flows through the effective working area, due to the existence of turbulence, the uncleaned air will be partially dispersed to the shielding space. The less air flows through the edge, the more air flows through the ventilation position. Therefore, the exposure of conductive material in a position close to the effective working area, especially a position less than 10mm, can also improve the performance to a certain extent, but the improvement is limited.

[0137] This embodiment attempts to place the exposed conductive material of the positive electrode plate at one end of the plate and in the effective working area of the electrostatic dust removal device, and place the exposed electrode of the negative electrode plate at one end of the sheet and outside the effective working area of the electrostatic dust removal device, and at a position 5mm away from the effective working area. Based on this, a filter screen with a size of 300*250mm, a thickness of 40mm, and a sheet spacing of 1.5mm is made, and the test results are as follows.

[0138] It can be seen that this configuration also improves the long-term running efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator to some extent, but it is not as good as directly exposing the conductive material to the effective working area. But this configuration also has practical commercial value. Because the conductive material is exposed to the effective working area, the human hand can directly touch the conductive material, which will cause adverse effects for some applications. If the positive electrode is grounded, the negative electrode is connected to the negative high voltage of the power supply, and the conductive material of the negative electrode is hidden in the frame within an interval of ≤10 mm, the part of the conductive material exposed will not have high voltage, and the human hand can directly touch the filter device, thereby improving the safety performance.

[0139] The conductive material of the electrode plate in the present disclosure is wrapped by insulating material, so it has all the advantages of strong electric field electrostatic precipitator, that is, it can make the air carry a voltage higher than the withstand voltage limit, thereby bringing initial high purification performance and small size. At the same time, due to the addition of the exposed feature of the conductive material in the effective working area, and the exposed conductive material of the adjacent electrode plate is not directly opposite, the driving ability of the electrode surface pollutants is improved, so that the performance of the electrostatic precipitator can be maintained to a great extent after the electrode surface is contaminated, and the dust holding capacity of the product is greatly improved.

[0140] The flow diagrams and the block diagrams in the drawings are presented to illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems and methods in accordance with the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in the flow diagrams and the block diagrams can represent a module, a segment, or a portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical functions. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks can occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and / or flow diagrams, and combinations thereof, can be implemented by dedicated hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or operations, or combinations of hardware and software.

[0141] The embodiments of the present application have been described above, the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes are obvious to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The choice of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles, practical applications or improvements to the technology in the market of the embodiments, or to enable other ordinary skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An electrostatic dust collector characterized by comprising: Comprising: a plurality of positive electrode plates and a plurality of negative electrode plates, the plurality of positive electrode plates and the plurality of negative electrode plates are respectively arranged alternately and spaced, the positive electrode plates are connected to the positive pole of a high-voltage power supply, and the negative electrode plates are connected to the negative pole of the high-voltage power supply; at least two adjacent electrode plates are composed of insulating material wrapped with conductive material, at least one of the two adjacent electrode plates has exposed conductive material, the exposed conductive material is located within an effective working area, or the exposed conductive material is located outside the effective working area and the distance between the exposed conductive material and the effective working area is less than or equal to 10 mm, and if the two adjacent electrode plates both have exposed conductive material, the distance between the exposed conductive material on the two adjacent electrode plates in the direction perpendicular to the electrode plate spacing is greater than or equal to the minimum electrode plate spacing, and the effective working area refers to the area between the two adjacent electrode plates through which the gas can flow without purification.

2. The electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, wherein if the exposed conductive material is located outside the effective working area, the distance between the exposed conductive material and the effective working area is less than or equal to 5 mm.

3. The electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, wherein the exposed conductive material is located within the effective working area.

4. The electrostatic precipitator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the exposed conductive material is a connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply.

5. An electrostatic precipitator according to claim 4, wherein Further comprising: a first frame configured to avoid the connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply, so that the connection part is located within the effective working area.

6. An electrostatic precipitator according to claim 4, wherein Further comprising: a second frame configured to shield a first connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply, so that the first connection part is located outside the effective working area, the connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply includes the first connection part and a second connection part, the second connection part is connected to the first connection part and extends from the first connection part to the effective working area, the exposed conductive material is the second connection part.

7. The electrostatic precipitator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least one of the two adjacent electrode plates is configured to extend a section of the exposed conductive material from at least one of the opposite surface or at least one side surface, the electrode plate includes two surfaces, two side surfaces, a connection surface and an opposite surface, the distance between the two surfaces of the two adjacent electrode plates close to each other is the electrode plate spacing, the connection surface is the surface where the connection part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply is located, the opposite surface is the surface parallel to the connection surface, and the connection surface is located outside the effective working area.

8. The electrostatic precipitator according to claim 7, wherein the two adjacent electrode plates are configured to respectively extend at least one section of the exposed conductive material from different side surfaces of the two adjacent electrode plates.

9. The electrostatic precipitator according to claim 7, wherein The two adjacent electrode plates are configured to respectively expose at least one section of the exposed conductive material from the same side of the two adjacent electrode plates, and the distance between the exposed conductive material exposed from the same side of the two adjacent electrode plates in the length direction of the electrode plate is greater than or equal to the minimum pole plate distance.

10. The electrostatic precipitator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The two adjacent electrode plates are configured to expose the internal conductive material at at least one position on the electrode surface of one of the electrode plates, expose at least one section of the exposed conductive material from the opposite side or the side of the other electrode plate, or expose the internal conductive material at at least one position on the electrode surface of the other electrode plate, and the distance between the exposed conductive material of the two adjacent electrode plates in the direction perpendicular to the pole plate distance is greater than or equal to the minimum pole plate distance, the electrode plate includes two surfaces, two sides, a connecting surface, and an opposite surface, the distance between the two surfaces of the two adjacent electrode plates that are close to each other is the pole plate distance, the connecting surface refers to the surface where the connecting part of the electrode plate and the high-voltage power supply is located, the opposite surface refers to the surface parallel to the connecting surface, and the connecting surface is located outside the effective working area.

Images