Rotor, motor, powertrain and vehicle

Abstract

A rotor, a motor, a powertrain, and a vehicle. The rotor comprises a rotor core and at least one magnetic structure. The magnetic structure is provided on the rotor core and extends along the axial direction of the rotor core. The magnetic structure comprises a first magnetic portion and a second magnetic portion arranged along the axial direction of the rotor core, and the coercivity of the first magnetic portion is greater than that of the second magnetic portion.

Description

Rotor, motor, power assembly and vehicle

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202411400302.8, filed on September 30, 2024, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of vehicles, and particularly relates to a rotor, a motor, a power assembly and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0003] Due to the advantages of high power density and high torque density, permanent magnet motors (hereinafter referred to as motors) are widely used in electric vehicles. The rotor of the motor includes a rotor core and a magnetic structure arranged in the rotor core. By changing the magnetization state of the magnetic structure, the motor can be adapted to different operating conditions. SUMMARY

[0004] The present disclosure provides a rotor, a motor, a power assembly and a vehicle to solve the problem that the magnetic structure of the rotor has demagnetization risk and affects the operation reliability of the motor in the related art.

[0005] In a first aspect, a rotor is provided. The rotor includes a rotor core and at least one magnetic structure. The magnetic structure is arranged in the rotor core and extends along the axial direction of the rotor core. The magnetic structure includes a first magnetic part and a second magnetic part arranged along the axial direction of the rotor core, and the coercivity of the first magnetic part is greater than the coercivity of the second magnetic part.

[0006] In a second aspect, a motor is provided. The motor includes a stator and the above-mentioned rotor. The stator is arranged at least one of the radially inner side or the radially outer side of the rotor.

[0007] In a third aspect, a power assembly is provided. The power assembly includes the above-mentioned motor.

[0008] In a fourth aspect, a vehicle is provided. The vehicle includes the above-mentioned motor or the above-mentioned power assembly.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, since the magnetic structure comprises the first magnetic part and the second magnetic part arranged along the axial direction of the rotor core, and the coercivity of the first magnetic part is greater than the coercivity of the second magnetic part, i.e., the magnetization states of the first magnetic part and the second magnetic part are different. In this way, during the operation of the motor, the magnetization state of the second magnetic part with lower coercivity is easy to change, so that the motor can be adapted to different operating conditions in time, and the efficient operation of the motor in the whole operating condition is realized. Moreover, the magnetization state of the first magnetic part with higher coercivity is not easy to change, so that the overall magnetism stabilization ability of the magnetic structure can be improved, the demagnetization risk can be avoided, and the operation reliability of the motor can be improved.

[0010] Additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0011] The aspects and advantages of the above or additional aspects of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0012] FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a motor according to some embodiments;

[0013] FIG. 2 is another structural diagram of a motor according to some embodiments;

[0014] FIG. 3 is still another structural diagram of a motor according to some embodiments;

[0015] FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a magnetic structure of a motor according to some embodiments when a skew exists;

[0016] FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a magnetic structure of a motor according to some embodiments when a skew does not exist;

[0017] FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a core unit of a motor according to some embodiments;

[0018] FIG. 7 is another structural diagram of a core unit of a motor according to some embodiments;

[0019] FIG. 8 is still another structural diagram of a core unit of a motor according to some embodiments;

[0020] FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a group of magnetic structures according to some embodiments;

[0021] FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of a magnetic structure according to some embodiments;

[0022] FIG. 11 is another structural diagram of a group of magnetic structures according to some embodiments;

[0023] ​Figure 12 is another diagram of a magnetic structure, according to some embodiments;

[0024] Figure 13 is yet another diagram of a set of magnetic structures, according to some embodiments;

[0025] Figure 14 is yet another diagram of a magnetic structure, according to some embodiments;

[0026] Figure 15 is yet another diagram of a set of magnetic structures, according to some embodiments;

[0027] Figure 16 is yet another diagram of a magnetic structure, according to some embodiments;

[0028] Figure 17 is yet another diagram of a set of magnetic structures, according to some embodiments;

[0029] Figure 18 is yet another diagram of a magnetic structure, according to some embodiments;

[0030] Figure 19 is yet another diagram of a set of magnetic structures, according to some embodiments;

[0031] Figure 20 is yet another diagram of a magnetic structure, according to some embodiments;

[0032] Figure 21 is a block diagram of a powertrain, according to some embodiments;

[0033] Figure 22 is a block diagram of a vehicle, according to some embodiments;

[0034] Figure 23 is another block diagram of a vehicle, according to some embodiments.

[0035] Reference numerals: 3000. Vehicle, 2000. Powertrain, 1000. Electric machine, 100. Rotor, 1. Rotor core, 11. Core unit, 111. Mounting groove, 12. Auxiliary groove, 13. Weight-reducing hole, 2. Magnetic structure, 21. First magnetic part, 211. First permanent magnet segment, 2111. First permanent magnet, 22. Second magnetic part, 221. Second permanent magnet segment, 2211. Second permanent magnet, 2212. Third permanent magnet, 23. Third magnetic part, 231. Third permanent magnet segment, 3. Stator, 4. Stator winding, 5. Baffle, 6. Rotation shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to drawings, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar notations represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present disclosure and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present disclosure. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0037] The terms "first", "second" in the description and claims of the present disclosure can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present disclosure, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specified. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / ", generally means that the front and rear associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0038] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present disclosure.

[0039] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] In the related art, the magnetic structure of the rotor usually adopts a permanent magnet with low coercive force, and the magnetization state of the permanent magnet is easy to change, so that the motor can adapt to different operating conditions in time, and realize efficient operation of the motor in the whole operating condition. However, the permanent magnet with low coercive force has demagnetization risk, which affects the operation reliability of the motor.

[0041] Therefore, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a rotor. The rotor in some embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0042] FIGS. 1-3 show structural diagrams of an electric machine according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 4 shows a structural diagram of an electric machine according to some embodiments of the present disclosure when a magnetic structure of the electric machine has a skew pole. FIG. 5 shows a structural diagram of an electric machine according to some embodiments of the present disclosure when the magnetic structure of the electric machine does not have a skew pole. FIGS. 6-8 show structural diagrams of a core unit of an electric machine according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIGS. 9-20 show structural diagrams of magnetic structures according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ease of understanding, a magnetic pole center line of a magnetic part, i.e., a d-axis of the magnetic part, is schematically shown by a dashed arrow in FIG. 8. It should be noted that in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the magnetic part includes three types, i.e., a first magnetic part 21, a second magnetic part 22, and a third magnetic part 23.

[0043] As shown in FIGS. 1-5, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a rotor 100. The rotor 100 includes a rotor core 1 and a magnetic structure 2. The magnetic structure 2 is disposed in the rotor core 1 and extends along an axial direction of the rotor core 1. The magnetic structure 2 includes a first magnetic part 21 and a second magnetic part 22 disposed along the axial direction of the rotor core 1, and the coercivity of the first magnetic part 21 is greater than the coercivity of the second magnetic part 22.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, since the magnetic structure 2 includes the first magnetic part 21 and the second magnetic part 22 disposed along the axial direction of the rotor core 1, and the coercivity of the first magnetic part 21 is greater than the coercivity of the second magnetic part 22, i.e., the magnetization states of the first magnetic part 21 and the second magnetic part 22 are different. In this way, during operation of the electric machine, the magnetization state of the second magnetic part 22 with lower coercivity is easy to change, so that the electric machine can be adapted to different operating conditions in time, and the electric machine can be operated efficiently in a full range of operating conditions. Moreover, the magnetization state of the first magnetic part 21 with higher coercivity is not easy to change, so that the overall magnetic stabilization capability of the magnetic structure 2 can be improved, the risk of demagnetization can be avoided, and the operating reliability of the electric machine can be improved.

[0045] It should be noted that the electric machine according to some embodiments of the present disclosure can be used as a driving motor or as a generator. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the electric machine further includes a rotating shaft 6 and two baffles 5. The rotating shaft 6 is disposed through the rotor core 1 to achieve power output. The two baffles 5 are respectively disposed at two ends of the rotor core 1 in the axial direction and are connected to at least part of the rotor core 1. In this way, on the one hand, the magnetic structure 2 on the rotor core 1 can be prevented from falling off and magnetic leakage can be prevented, and on the other hand, the overall structural strength of the rotor core 1, the magnetic structure 2, and the baffles 5 can be improved.

[0046] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the first magnetic part 21 includes at least one first permanent magnet segment 211 arranged axially along the rotor core 1, and the second magnetic part 22 includes at least one second permanent magnet segment 221 arranged axially along the rotor core 1. The coercivity of the first permanent magnet segment 211 is greater than the coercivity of the second permanent magnet segment 221.

[0047] It should be noted that the length of the first permanent magnet segment 211 along the rotor core 1 in the axial direction can be equal to or different from the length of the second permanent magnet segment 221 along the rotor core 1 in the axial direction, which is not limited herein and can be adjusted according to actual needs by those skilled in the art. It can be understood that when the length of the first permanent magnet segment 211 along the rotor core 1 in the axial direction is equal to the length of the second permanent magnet segment 221 along the rotor core 1 in the axial direction, on the one hand, it is convenient for the optimization design of the magnetic circuit, and on the other hand, it can reduce the processing difficulty and improve the production efficiency.

[0048] Generally speaking, as the coercivity of the permanent magnet segment (including the first permanent magnet segment 211, the second permanent magnet segment 221, and the third permanent magnet segment 231) decreases, the magnetization state (i.e., the degree of magnetization) is more likely to change, thereby allowing the motor to adapt to different operating conditions in a timely manner; as the coercivity of the permanent magnet segment increases, the magnetization state is less likely to change, i.e., the load stability is better, thereby avoiding non-design or non-expected demagnetization. Based on this, since the first magnetic part 21 is composed of at least one first permanent magnet segment 211, and the second magnetic part 22 is composed of at least one second permanent magnet segment 221. In this way, when the coercivity of the first permanent magnet segment 211 is greater than the coercivity of the second permanent magnet segment 221, the coercivity of the first magnetic part 21 is greater than the coercivity of the second magnetic part 22. In this case, the magnetization state of the first magnetic part 21 is not easy to change, thereby achieving stable magnetism, and the magnetization state of the second magnetic part 22 is easy to change, thereby achieving adjustable magnetism. In this way, the magnetic structure 2 has good adjustable magnetism and stable magnetism, allowing the motor to have the advantages of constant power operating region and constant torque operating region, which is beneficial to improving the full-region high-efficiency stability and operating reliability of the motor.

[0049] In some embodiments, the first permanent magnet segment 211 includes at least one first permanent magnet 2111, and the coercivity of the first permanent magnet 2111 is HC1; the second permanent magnet segment 221 includes at least one second permanent magnet 2211, and the coercivity of the second permanent magnet 2211 is HC2. The coercivity HC2 of the second permanent magnet 2211 is less than the coercivity HC1 of the first permanent magnet 2111 (i.e., HC2 < HC1).

[0050] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, since the coercive force of the first permanent magnet 2111 is greater than the coercive force of the second permanent magnet 2211, when the first permanent magnet segment 211 is entirely composed of the first permanent magnet 2111 and the second permanent magnet segment 221 is entirely composed of the second permanent magnet 2211, the coercive force of the first permanent magnet segment 211 as a whole is greater than the coercive force of the second permanent magnet segment 221 as a whole, so that the first permanent magnet segment 211 plays a role of stabilizing the magnetic field and the second permanent magnet segment 221 plays a role of adjusting the magnetic field.

[0051] In some embodiments, the second permanent magnet segment 221 further comprises: at least one third permanent magnet 2212, the coercive force of the third permanent magnet 2212 being HC3. The coercive force HC3 of the third permanent magnet 2212 is equal to the coercive force HC1 of the first permanent magnet 2111 (i.e. HC3 = HC1).

[0052] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, since the coercive force of the first permanent magnet 2111 is greater than the coercive force of the second permanent magnet 2211, the coercive force of the first permanent magnet 2111 is equal to the coercive force of the third permanent magnet 2212. Therefore, when the first permanent magnet segment 211 is entirely composed of the first permanent magnet 2111 and the second permanent magnet segment 221 is composed of the second permanent magnet 2211 and the third permanent magnet 2212, the coercive force of the first permanent magnet segment 211 as a whole is greater than the coercive force of the second permanent magnet segment 221 as a whole, so that the first permanent magnet segment 211 plays a role of stabilizing the magnetic field and the second permanent magnet segment 221 plays a role of adjusting the magnetic field. In addition, compared with the scheme that the second permanent magnet segment 221 is entirely composed of the second permanent magnet 2211, since the second permanent magnet segment 221 is further provided with the third permanent magnet 2212 having the same coercive force as the first permanent magnet 2111, the ability of the magnetic structure 2 as a whole to stabilize the magnetic field can be further improved, which is conducive to improving the operation reliability of the motor.

[0053] It should be noted that for a single second permanent magnet 2211, it can be a single permanent magnet or a composite permanent magnet composed of at least two permanent magnets having different coercive forces. For example, at least part of the second permanent magnet 2211 is a composite permanent magnet, the composite permanent magnet comprises a first magnet portion and a second magnet portion having different coercive forces, and the magnetic circuit of the first magnet portion and the second magnet portion is in series or parallel. In this way, the types of the second permanent magnet 2211 can be more diverse, which is conducive to improving the configuration flexibility of the magnetic structure 2.

[0054] In some embodiments, the number of first permanent magnets 2111 in a first permanent magnet segment 211 is the same as the sum of the number of second permanent magnets 2211 and the number of third permanent magnets 2212 in a second permanent magnet segment 221. In this way, the number of permanent magnets in the first permanent magnet segment 211 is consistent with the number of permanent magnets in the second permanent magnet segment 221, which on the one hand can make the magnetic field generated by the magnetic structure 2 more uniform in spatial distribution, which is conducive to reducing magnetic field distortion and harmonic components, thereby improving the operating efficiency and stability of the motor. On the other hand, not only is it convenient for the optimal design of the magnetic circuit, but it also reduces the processing difficulty and improves the production efficiency. It should be noted that the permanent magnets in the above embodiments include the first permanent magnets 2111, the second permanent magnets 2211, and the third permanent magnets 2212.

[0055] In some embodiments, in a second permanent magnet segment 221, the number of second permanent magnets 2211 is less than or equal to the number of third permanent magnets 2212. In this way, the magnetic field can be adjusted, and the anti-magnetic demagnetization performance of the second permanent magnet segment 221 as a whole can be further improved, avoiding non-design or non-expected irreversible demagnetization, which is conducive to improving the operating reliability of the motor.

[0056] It should be noted that the number of second permanent magnets 2211 and third permanent magnets 2212 is not limited in the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, a second magnetic part 22 includes a second permanent magnet segment 221, and a second permanent magnet segment 221 includes a second permanent magnet 2211 and three third permanent magnets 2212. For example, for a second permanent magnet segment 221, the permanent magnets located on the front side of the rotor core 1 in the rotation direction are not easy to demagnetize, and the permanent magnets located on the rear side of the rotor core 1 in the rotation direction are easy to demagnetize. Therefore, the second permanent magnet 2211 with lower coercive force can be arranged at the position not easy to demagnetize, i.e., the front side of the rotor core 1 in the rotation direction.

[0057] When the second permanent magnet segment 221 includes a plurality of second permanent magnet groups arranged along the radial direction of the rotor core 1, the closer to the air gap (i.e., the gap formed between the radial outer side of the rotor and the radial inner side of the stator 3 in FIG. 3) the second permanent magnet group is, the higher the risk of demagnetization is. Based on this, in some embodiments, the second permanent magnet segment 221 includes at least two second permanent magnet groups arranged radially spaced apart along the rotor core 1. Among the at least two second permanent magnet groups, the second permanent magnet group with larger coercive force is arranged close to the stator 3. In this way, by arranging the second permanent magnet group with larger coercive force, i.e., better anti-magnetic demagnetization performance, close to the stator 3, non-design or non-expected irreversible demagnetization can be avoided, which is conducive to improving the operating reliability of the motor. It should be noted that the second permanent magnet group can include at least one second permanent magnet and at least one third permanent magnet, or the second permanent magnet group includes at least one second permanent magnet.

[0058] For the permanent magnet built-in motor, due to the load, the current of the armature winding cannot be all direct-axis current or pure cross-axis current. In fact, under the maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) control and the field weakening control, the current of the armature winding contains the cross-axis component current and the direct-axis component current at the same time, thereby causing the working point and the magnetization level on both sides of the magnetic pole center line of the magnetic structure 2, i.e., the direct axis (d-axis) of the magnetic structure 2 to be different. Therefore, for the skew rotor, i.e., the permanent magnet segments of the magnetic structure 2 are relatively offset along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 1, the permanent magnet segments at different positions face different direct-current armature magnetic fields, and the demagnetization risk is also different.

[0059] For example, when the magnetic pole center line of the permanent magnet segment, i.e., the direct axis of the permanent magnet segment, is located on the front side of the magnetic pole center line of the magnetic structure 2, i.e., the direct axis of the magnetic structure 2 along the rotation direction, the direct-current armature magnetic field faced by the permanent magnet segment is smaller, and the demagnetization risk is lower; when the magnetic pole center line of the permanent magnet segment is located on the rear side of the magnetic pole center line of the magnetic structure 2 along the rotation direction, the direct-current armature magnetic field faced by the permanent magnet segment is larger, and the demagnetization risk is higher; when the magnetic pole center line of the permanent magnet segment coincides with the magnetic pole center line of the magnetic structure 2, the armature magnetic field faced by the permanent magnet segment and the demagnetization risk are between the above two cases. As can be seen, when the magnetic pole center line of the permanent magnet segment is located on the rear side of the magnetic pole center line of the magnetic structure 2 along the rotation direction, the permanent magnet segment is more likely to occur irreversible demagnetization that is not designed or not expected. It should be noted that the permanent magnet segments of the above-mentioned embodiments include the first permanent magnet segment 211, the second permanent magnet segment 221, and the third permanent magnet segment 231.

[0060] Based on the above, for the second permanent magnet segment 221 with lower coercivity, when the second permanent magnet segment 221 includes the second permanent magnet 2211 and the third permanent magnet 2212, the second permanent magnet segment 221 can obtain better magnetic stabilization performance by adjusting the positions of the second permanent magnet 2211 and the third permanent magnet 2212. For example, in the case of rotation of the rotor, the rotation direction of the rotor core 1 is the first circumferential direction; the second permanent magnet segment 221 has a fourth magnetic pole center line extending radially along the rotor core 1, the second permanent magnet 2211 is located on the front side of the fourth magnetic pole center line along the first circumferential direction, and the third permanent magnet 2212 is located on at least one side of the front side or the rear side of the fourth magnetic pole center line along the first circumferential direction.

[0061] Since the coercive force of the second permanent magnet 2211 is low, the magnetization state is easy to change, by setting the second permanent magnet 2211 to the front side of the fourth magnetic pole center line (i.e. the magnetic pole center line of the second permanent magnet segment 221) along the first circumferential direction, that is, the position in the second permanent magnet segment 221 where demagnetization is not easy to occur, the demagnetization risk of the second permanent magnet 2211 can be effectively reduced. Since the coercive force of the third permanent magnet 2212 is high, the magnetization state is not easy to change, therefore, the setting position of the third permanent magnet 2212 can be relatively flexible, and the third permanent magnet 2212 can be set to at least one side of the front side or the rear side of the fourth magnetic pole center line along the first circumferential direction according to actual needs, thereby improving the anti-magnetic demagnetization performance of the second permanent magnet segment 221 as a whole.

[0062] It should be noted that the first circumferential direction in some embodiments of the present disclosure is the rotation direction of the rotor core 1. For a driving motor, the first circumferential direction refers to the direction of forward movement of the whole vehicle, and for a generator, the first circumferential direction refers to the rotation direction of the engine.

[0063] In some embodiments, for a straight pole rotor, as shown in FIGS. 17-20, the first magnetic part 21 has a first magnetic pole center line extending along the radial direction of the rotor core 1, and the second magnetic part 22 has a second magnetic pole center line extending along the radial direction of the rotor core 1. The first magnetic pole center line coincides with the second magnetic pole center line. In this way, since the coercive force of the first magnetic part 21 is greater than the coercive force of the second magnetic part 22, that is, the magnetization state of the first magnetic part 21 is not easy to change, thereby achieving stable magnetization, and the magnetization state of the second magnetic part 22 is easy to change, thereby achieving adjustable magnetization. In this way, the straight pole rotor can have good adjustable magnetization and stable magnetization capabilities. It can be understood that the magnetic structure 2 has a fifth magnetic pole center line extending along the radial direction of the rotor core 1, and in this case, the first magnetic pole center line and the second magnetic pole center line both coincide with the fifth magnetic pole center line. It can be understood that the coincidence of the magnetic pole center lines can mean that the two magnetic pole center lines are parallel to each other.

[0064] In some embodiments, for an inclined pole rotor, in the case of rotation of the rotor, the rotation direction of the rotor core 1 is the first circumferential direction; the magnetic structure 2 has a fifth magnetic pole center line extending along the radial direction of the rotor core 1, the first magnetic part 21 has a first magnetic pole center line extending along the radial direction of the rotor core 1, and the second magnetic part 22 has a second magnetic pole center line extending along the radial direction of the rotor core 1. The first magnetic pole center line and the second magnetic pole center line are respectively arranged at an angle with the fifth magnetic pole center line, and the first magnetic pole center line is located on the rear side of the fifth magnetic pole center line along the first circumferential direction, and the second magnetic pole center line is located on the front side of the fifth magnetic pole center line along the first circumferential direction.

[0065] Since the coercive force of the first magnetic part 21 is greater than the coercive force of the second magnetic part 22, the magnetization state of the first magnetic part 21 is not easy to change, and the magnetization state of the second magnetic part 22 is easy to change. When the second magnetic pole center line of the second magnetic part 22 whose magnetization state is easy to change is located on the front side of the fifth magnetic pole center line along the first circumference, that is, the position in the magnetic structure 2 where demagnetization is not easy to occur, the risk of demagnetization of the second magnetic part 22 can be effectively reduced. When the first magnetic pole center line of the first magnetic part 21 whose magnetization state is not easy to change is located on the rear side of the fifth magnetic pole center line along the first circumference, that is, the position in the magnetic structure 2 where demagnetization is easy to occur, the anti-demagnetization performance of the whole magnetic structure 2 can be improved, thereby avoiding non-design or non-expected irreversible demagnetization, and the operation reliability of the motor can be improved.

[0066] It should be noted that the included angle formed by the first magnetic pole center line and the fifth magnetic pole center line in some embodiments of the present disclosure, and the included angle formed by the second magnetic pole center line and the fifth magnetic pole center line can be the same or different, which is not limited here, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. It can be understood that when the included angle formed by the first magnetic pole center line and the fifth magnetic pole center line is the same as the included angle formed by the second magnetic pole center line and the fifth magnetic pole center line, not only the optimization design of the magnetic circuit is facilitated, but also the assembly difficulty of the rotor is reduced.

[0067] In some embodiments, the rotor can include a plurality of magnetic structures 2. The plurality of magnetic structures 2 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotor core 1, and the included angle formed by the fifth magnetic pole center lines of two adjacent magnetic structures 2 is a first included angle A; the included angle between the first magnetic pole center line and the second magnetic pole center line of the same magnetic structure 2 is a second included angle B, and the second included angle B is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to half of the first included angle A (i.e., 0≤B≤A / 2). In this way, by controlling the included angle between the first magnetic pole center line and the second magnetic pole center line in one magnetic structure 2, that is, controlling the relative deflection angle of the first magnetic part 21 and the second magnetic part 22, the magnetic field distribution of the motor can be optimized, the torque fluctuation generated during the operation of the motor can be weakened, and the operation reliability of the motor can be improved. According to tests, when the second included angle B between the first magnetic pole center line and the second magnetic pole center line satisfies 0≤B≤A / 2, the motor can run more smoothly, and the operation reliability of the motor can be improved.

[0068] It should be noted that the first included angle A formed by the fifth magnetic pole center lines of two adjacent magnetic structures 2 depends on the number of magnetic structures 2 in one rotor. For example, when the rotor is provided with four magnetic structures 2, the first included angle A is 90°, when the rotor is provided with six magnetic structures 2, the first included angle A is 60°, and so on, which will not be repeated here.

[0069] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 9-14, the magnetic structure 2 further comprises a third magnetic part 23. The third magnetic part 23 comprises at least one third permanent magnet segment 231 arranged axially along the rotor core 1, and the coercivity of the third permanent magnet segment 231 is the same as that of the first permanent magnet segment 211 or the second permanent magnet segment 221. For example, the third magnetic part 23 is arranged between the first magnetic part 21 and the second magnetic part 22.

[0070] Since the third magnetic part 23 is arranged, when the coercivity of the third permanent magnet segment 231 of the third magnetic part 23 is the same as that of the first permanent magnet segment 211, the magnetization state of the third magnetic part 23 is not easily changed, thereby further improving the magnet stabilization capability of the magnetic structure 2 and facilitating the improvement of the operation reliability of the motor. When the coercivity of the third permanent magnet segment 231 of the third magnetic part 23 is the same as that of the second permanent magnet segment 221, the magnetization state of the third magnetic part 23 is easily changed, thereby further improving the magnet adjustment capability of the magnetic structure 2 and expanding the magnet adjustment range of the magnetic structure 2.

[0071] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 15-16, the magnetic structure 2 further comprises a third magnetic part 23. The third magnetic part 23 comprises at least two third permanent magnet segments 231 arranged axially along the rotor core 1. The third permanent magnet segments 231 comprise first and second sub-permanent magnet segments with different coercivities. The first sub-permanent magnet segment has the same coercivity as the first permanent magnet segment 211, and the second sub-permanent magnet segment has the same coercivity as the second permanent magnet segment 221.

[0072] Since the third magnetic part 23 comprises the first and second sub-permanent magnet segments, and the first sub-permanent magnet segment has the same coercivity as the first permanent magnet segment 211 and the second sub-permanent magnet segment has the same coercivity as the second permanent magnet segment 221. Therefore, the third magnetic part 23 can have regions with different magnetization states. The second sub-permanent magnet segment with the easily changed magnetization state can realize magnet adjustment, and the first sub-permanent magnet segment with the not easily changed magnetization state can realize magnet stabilization, thereby enabling the magnetic structure 2 to have both good magnet adjustment capability and magnet stabilization capability.

[0073] It can be understood that, for the third permanent magnet segment 231 with the same coercivity as the first permanent magnet segment 211, i.e., the first sub-permanent magnet segment, in some embodiments, the first sub-permanent magnet segment also has the same structure as the first permanent magnet segment 211. For example, the first sub-permanent magnet segment comprises at least one first permanent magnet 2111. For the third permanent magnet segment 231 with the same coercivity as the second permanent magnet segment 221, i.e., the second sub-permanent magnet segment, in some embodiments, the second sub-permanent magnet segment also has the same structure as the second permanent magnet segment 221. For example, the second sub-permanent magnet segment comprises at least one second permanent magnet 2211, or the second sub-permanent magnet segment comprises at least one second permanent magnet 2211 and at least one third permanent magnet 2212.

[0074] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 9-16, the magnetic structure 2 has a fifth magnetic pole center line extending along the radial direction of the rotor core 1; the third magnetic part 23 has a third magnetic pole center line extending along the radial direction of the rotor core 1, and the third magnetic pole center line coincides with the fifth magnetic pole center line. That is, for a skew pole rotor, by arranging the third magnetic part 23 at a position where demagnetization risk is generally present, and by flexibly configuring the type of the third permanent magnet segment 231 in the third magnetic part 23, at least one of the magnet adjustment ability or the magnet stabilization ability of the magnetic structure 2 can be improved according to actual needs. For example, for the case of at least one third permanent magnet segment 231, the third permanent magnet segment 231 can be configured to have the same structure as the coercive force of the first permanent magnet segment 211, or the third permanent magnet segment 231 can be configured to have the same structure as the coercive force of the second permanent magnet segment 221. For the case of at least two third permanent magnet segments 231, when the third permanent magnet segment 231 includes a first sub-permanent magnet segment and a second sub-permanent magnet segment having different coercive forces, the first sub-permanent magnet segment can be configured to have the same structure as the first permanent magnet segment 211, and the second sub-permanent magnet segment can be configured to have the same structure as the second permanent magnet segment 221.

[0075] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 6-8, the rotor core 1 includes a plurality of core units 11. The plurality of core units 11 are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the rotor core 1; the core unit 11 is provided with a mounting groove unit, and the mounting groove unit is arranged through along the axial direction of the core unit 11. The first magnetic part 21 and the second magnetic part 22 are each provided with at least one permanent magnet segment, and the plurality of permanent magnet segments are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the rotor core 1, and one permanent magnet segment is mounted in the mounting groove unit of one core unit 11.

[0076] By arranging the plurality of core units 11, i.e., segmenting the rotor core 1, not only can the magnetic leakage loss be reduced and the motor efficiency be improved, but also the processing difficulty can be reduced and the production efficiency can be improved. In addition, by arranging the mounting groove unit and mounting the permanent magnet segment in the mounting groove unit, the permanent magnet segment can be protected from external environmental interference, and the risk of demagnetization can be reduced.

[0077] In addition, for one core unit 11, the mounting groove unit can be provided with a plurality of mounting groove units, and the plurality of mounting groove units are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the core unit 11. By arranging one permanent magnet segment of one magnetic structure 2 in one mounting groove unit, reliable fixation of the permanent magnet segment of each magnetic structure 2 can be achieved.

[0078] In practical applications, the core unit 11 is usually made of magnetic conductive material, including but not limited to silicon steel sheet, silicon steel sheet, amorphous and nanocrystalline alloy, iron-cobalt material and other magnetic conductive materials. It should be noted that the number of core units 11 is not limited by the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. It can be understood that the number of core units 11 is consistent with the number of permanent magnet segments of the magnetic structure 2, and in practical applications, the number of core units 11 is usually 2 to 8. In addition, the present disclosure does not limit the number of mounting groove 111 units, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. It can be understood that the number of mounting groove units is consistent with the number of magnetic structures 2. In some embodiments, a single core unit 11 is provided with 8 mounting groove units, and correspondingly, the magnetic structure 2 is provided with 8, and one permanent magnet segment of the magnetic structure 2 is installed in one mounting groove unit.

[0079] For example, the mounting groove unit includes at least two mounting groove groups radially spaced apart along the core unit 11, and each mounting groove group includes at least two mounting grooves 111 symmetrically arranged circumferentially along the core unit 11; the permanent magnet segment includes at least two permanent magnet groups radially spaced apart along the core unit 11, and each permanent magnet group includes at least two permanent magnets symmetrically arranged circumferentially along the core unit 11, and the permanent magnets are embedded in the mounting grooves 111. In this way, by embedding one permanent magnet in one mounting groove 111, reliable fixation of the permanent magnet can be achieved. It can be understood that the permanent magnet group included in the second permanent magnet segment 221 is the second permanent magnet group.

[0080] It should be noted that the present disclosure does not limit the shape of the mounting groove group, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. For example, the shape of the mounting groove group is one of arc, straight line, V, U and W. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 6-8, the shape of the mounting groove group is V-shaped. In addition, the permanent magnets of some embodiments of the present disclosure include but are not limited to ferrite permanent magnets, aluminum-nickel-cobalt permanent magnets, neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets, samarium-cobalt permanent magnets, and iron nitride permanent magnets, etc. Those skilled in the art can flexibly match according to actual needs.

[0081] In some embodiments, the core unit 11 includes a plurality of auxiliary slot units. The core unit 11 has a peripheral wall, and the plurality of auxiliary slot units are arranged along the circumferential direction of the core unit 11 on the peripheral wall, and one auxiliary slot unit corresponds to one mounting slot unit. In addition, the auxiliary slot unit includes a plurality of auxiliary slots 12, and the plurality of auxiliary slots 12 are arranged along the axial direction of the core unit 11 and are distributed along the circumferential direction of the core unit 11. In this way, the harmonics, loss, noise, vibration, harshness (NVH) problem can be further reduced, and the smooth operation of the motor can be improved. In addition, the core unit 11 further includes a plurality of lightening holes 13, and the plurality of lightening holes 13 are arranged along the axial direction of the core unit 11 and are distributed along the circumferential direction of the core unit 11, so that the weight of the motor can be reduced, and the light weight of the motor can be improved.

[0082] In combination with FIGS. 9 to 20, six kinds of magnetic structures 2 provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure are described.

[0083] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, from bottom to top, one magnetic structure 2 includes a second magnetic part 22, a third magnetic part 23, a first magnetic part 21, a first magnetic part 21, a third magnetic part 23, and a second magnetic part 22 arranged along the axial direction of the rotor core 1, and each magnetic part includes only one permanent magnet segment. The first permanent magnet segment 211 includes four first permanent magnets 2111, the second permanent magnet segment 221 and the third permanent magnet segment 231 each include four second permanent magnets 2211, that is, the coercivity of the third permanent magnet segment 231 of the third magnetic part 23 is the same as the coercivity of the second permanent magnet segment 221. In this way, the first magnetic part 21 with higher coercivity can realize stable magnetism, and the second magnetic part 22 and the third magnetic part 23 with lower coercivity can realize adjustable magnetism.

[0084] In addition, as shown in FIG. 10, from bottom to top, the second magnetic pole center line of the second magnetic part 22 located in the first row and the sixth row is located on the front side of the fifth magnetic pole center line of the magnetic structure 2 along the first circumferential direction, and the risk of demagnetization is lower, and the use of the second magnetic part 22 with lower coercivity will not cause non-design or non-expected irreversible demagnetization. The first magnetic pole center line of the first magnetic part 21 located in the third row and the fourth row is located on the rear side of the fifth magnetic pole center line of the magnetic structure 2 along the first circumferential direction, and the risk of demagnetization is higher, and the use of the first magnetic part 21 with higher coercivity can effectively avoid non-design or non-expected irreversible demagnetization. The third magnetic pole center line of the third magnetic part 23 located in the second row and the fifth row coincides with the fifth magnetic pole center line of the magnetic structure 2, and the risk of demagnetization is general, and the use of the third magnetic part 23 with lower coercivity (the coercivity is the same as that of the second magnetic part 22) can appropriately improve the adjustable magnetism ability and adjustable magnetism range.

[0085] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, the difference between the magnetic structure 2 in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 and the magnetic structure 2 in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 is that the second permanent magnet segment 221 and the third permanent magnet segment 231 are structurally identical and include the second permanent magnet 2211 and the third permanent magnet 2212. For example, taking one second permanent magnet segment 221 as an example, the second permanent magnet segment 221 includes two second permanent magnet groups arranged radially apart along the rotor core 1, the second permanent magnet group close to the stator 3 is provided with two third permanent magnets 2212, the second permanent magnet group away from the stator 3 is provided with one second permanent magnet 2211 and one third permanent magnet 2212, and the second permanent magnet 2211 with lower coercivity is located on the front side of the fourth magnetic pole center line along the first circumferential direction, i.e. the position where demagnetization is not prone to occur in the second permanent magnet segment 221, which can effectively reduce the risk of demagnetization of the magnetic structure 2.

[0086] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, from bottom to top, one magnetic structure 2 includes the first magnetic part 21, the third magnetic part 23, the second magnetic part 22, the second magnetic part 22, the third magnetic part 23 and the first magnetic part 21 arranged axially segmented along the rotor core 1, and each magnetic part includes only one permanent magnet segment. The first permanent magnet segment 211 and the third permanent magnet segment 231 each include four first permanent magnets 2111, and the second permanent magnet segment 221 includes four second permanent magnets 2211, i.e. the coercivity of the third permanent magnet segment 231 of the third magnetic part 23 is the same as the coercivity of the first permanent magnet segment 211. In this way, the first magnetic part 21 and the third magnetic part 23 with higher coercivity can achieve stable magnetism, and the second magnetic part 22 with lower coercivity can achieve adjustable magnetism.

[0087] In addition, as shown in FIG. 14, from bottom to top, the first magnetic pole center line of the first magnetic part 21 located in the first row and the sixth row is located on the rear side of the fifth magnetic pole center line of the magnetic structure 2 along the first circumferential direction, and faces a higher risk of demagnetization, and the use of the first magnetic part 21 with higher coercivity can effectively avoid non-design or non-expected irreversible demagnetization. The second magnetic pole center line of the second magnetic part 22 located in the third row and the fourth row is located on the front side of the fifth magnetic pole center line of the magnetic structure 2 along the first circumferential direction, and faces a lower risk of demagnetization, and the use of the second magnetic part 22 with lower coercivity will not cause non-design or non-expected irreversible demagnetization. The third magnetic pole center line of the third magnetic part 23 located in the second row and the fifth row coincides with the fifth magnetic pole center line of the magnetic structure 2, and faces a general risk of demagnetization, and the use of the third magnetic part 23 with higher coercivity (the coercivity is the same as that of the first magnetic part 21) can further improve the stable magnetism capability.

[0088] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, from bottom to top, one magnetic structure 2 includes a second magnetic part 22, a third magnetic part 23, and a first magnetic part 21 arranged axially segmented along the rotor core 1. The second magnetic part 22 is provided with a second permanent magnet segment 221, the first magnetic part 21 is provided with a first permanent magnet segment 211, and the third magnetic part 23 is provided with two third permanent magnet segments 231, and the third permanent magnet segment 231 close to the second magnetic part 22 has the same coercivity as the second permanent magnet segment 221, and the third permanent magnet segment 231 close to the first magnetic part 21 has the same coercivity as the first permanent magnet segment 211. In this way, the first magnetic part 21 with higher coercivity and the third permanent magnet segment 231 close to the first magnetic part 21 in the third magnetic part 23 can realize stable magnetism, and the second magnetic part 22 with lower coercivity and the third permanent magnet segment 231 close to the second magnetic part 22 in the third magnetic part 23 can realize adjustable magnetism.

[0089] And, as shown in FIG. 16, from bottom to top, the second magnetic pole center line of the second magnetic part 22 in the first row is located on the front side of the fifth magnetic pole center line of the magnetic structure 2 along the first circumference, and the risk of demagnetization is lower, and the use of the second magnetic part 22 with lower coercivity will not cause non-design or non-expected irreversible demagnetization. The first magnetic pole center line of the first magnetic part 21 in the fourth row is located on the rear side of the fifth magnetic pole center line of the magnetic structure 2 along the first circumference, and the risk of demagnetization is higher, and the use of the first magnetic part 21 with higher coercivity can effectively avoid non-design or non-expected irreversible demagnetization. The third magnetic pole center line of the third magnetic part 23 in the second and third rows coincides with the fifth magnetic pole center line of the magnetic structure 2, and the risk of demagnetization is general, and the use of the combination of two third permanent magnet segments 231 with different coercivities (part of which has the same coercivity as the first permanent magnet segment 211, and part of which has the same coercivity as the second permanent magnet segment 221) can improve the ability of stable magnetism and adjustable magnetism.

[0090] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, from bottom to top, one magnetic structure 2 includes a first magnetic part 21, a second magnetic part 22, and a first magnetic part 21 arranged axially segmented along the rotor core 1. The second magnetic part 22 is provided with two second permanent magnet segments 221, and the first magnetic part 21 is provided with a first permanent magnet segment 211. In this way, the first magnetic part 21 with higher coercivity can realize stable magnetism, and the second magnetic part 22 with lower coercivity can realize adjustable magnetism.

[0091] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, from bottom to top, one magnetic structure 2 includes a second magnetic part 22, a first magnetic part 21, and a second magnetic part 22 arranged in an axial direction of the rotor core 1. The second magnetic part 22 is provided with one second permanent magnet segment 221, and the first magnetic part 21 is provided with two first permanent magnet segments 211. In this way, the first magnetic part 21 with higher coercivity can realize stable magnetization, and the second magnetic part 22 with lower coercivity can realize adjustable magnetization.

[0092] In summary, the rotor provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure has at least the following advantages:

[0093] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, since the magnetic structure includes the first magnetic part and the second magnetic part arranged in the axial direction of the rotor core, and the coercivity of the first magnetic part is greater than the coercivity of the second magnetic part, the magnetization states of the first magnetic part and the second magnetic part are different. In this way, during the operation of the motor, the magnetization state of the second magnetic part with lower coercivity is easy to change, so that the motor can be adapted to different operating conditions in time, and the motor can be operated efficiently in the whole operating condition. Moreover, the magnetization state of the first magnetic part with higher coercivity is not easy to change, so that the stable magnetization ability of the whole magnetic structure can be improved, the risk of demagnetization can be avoided, and the operation reliability of the motor can be improved.

[0094] Some embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a motor 1000, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, which includes a stator 3 and the above-mentioned rotor 100. The stator 3 is arranged on at least one side of the rotor in a radial direction.

[0095] Since the rotor of some embodiments of the present disclosure has good adjustable magnetization ability and stable magnetization ability, the motor can be stably and reliably operated in the whole operating condition. It should be noted that in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the structure of the rotor is the same as that of the above-mentioned rotor, and the beneficial effects of the rotor are similar, which will not be described here.

[0096] In some embodiments, the motor further includes a motor controller. The motor controller is electrically connected with the stator winding 4 of the stator 3, and the motor controller is configured to output a transient pulse current to make the stator winding 4 generate an adjustable magnetization magnetic field acting on the magnetic structure 2 to change the air gap magnetic flux of the second magnetic part 22.

[0097] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, by arranging the motor controller, the motor controller can apply a transient pulse current to the stator winding 4 to make the stator winding 4 generate an adjustable magnetization magnetic field acting on the magnetic structure 2, so that the magnetization state of the second magnetic part 22 with smaller coercivity can be changed, and then the size of the air gap magnetic flux can be changed to realize real-time online adjustable magnetization.

[0098] It should be noted that when the magnetic structure 2 further includes a third magnetic part 23, for the case that the third permanent magnet segment 231 of the third magnetic part 23 has the same coercivity as the second permanent magnet segment 221, i.e., the magnetization state of the third magnetic part 23 as a whole is easy to be changed, the magnetomotive magnetic field generated by the stator winding 4 can change the magnetization state of the second magnetic part 22 and the third magnetic part 23, and further change the size of the air gap magnetic flux, thereby realizing real-time online magnetomotive. For the case that one third permanent magnet segment 231 in the third magnetic part 23 has the same coercivity as the first permanent magnet segment 211, and the other third permanent magnet segment 231 in the third magnetic part 23 has the same coercivity as the second permanent magnet segment 221, i.e., the magnetization state of part of the third magnetic part 23 is easy to be changed, the magnetomotive magnetic field generated by the stator winding 4 can change the magnetization state of the second magnetic part 22, and the third permanent magnet segment 231 in the third magnetic part 23 which has the same coercivity as the second permanent magnet segment 221, and further change the size of the air gap magnetic flux, thereby realizing real-time online magnetomotive.

[0099] It should be noted that the motor controller for outputting the instantaneous pulse current and the motor controller for outputting the working current can be shared or separately arranged. The use of the instantaneous pulse current (direct-axis current) can reduce magnetomotive loss and improve motor efficiency. In addition, by introducing an additional magnetomotive degree of freedom, it is beneficial to reduce the dependence of the armature direct-axis field-weakening current in the medium and high speed regions, and further to reduce the risk of irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet. For example, through effective regulation of the air gap magnetic flux, the no-load back EMF and voltage of the motor can be controlled in real time. For example, in the low speed region, the increase of the no-load back EMF (i.e., the permanent magnet flux linkage) is realized by magnetomotive, thereby increasing the torque performance and power performance in the low speed region; in the high speed region, the decrease of the no-load back EMF can be realized in real time by magnetomotive, which not only can reduce the core loss, widen the constant power region, increase the peak torque or power in the high speed region, but also can avoid the damage of power devices due to overvoltage of the inverter, thereby adding a layer of protection to the electric drive system. It should be noted that the drawings of the present disclosure only show the case that the core of the stator 3 is sleeved on the rotor core 1 (i.e., the inner rotor), but in actual application, the core of the stator 3 can also be sleeved on the rotor core 1 (i.e., the outer rotor), which is not limited herein, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs.

[0100] Some embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a power assembly 2000. As shown in FIG. 21, the power assembly 2000 includes the above-mentioned motor 1000. Since the motor of some embodiments of the present disclosure has good magnetomotive and stable magnetomotive capabilities, the motor can stably and reliably operate in all operating conditions, and can be highly matched with the vehicle operating point, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving economy.

[0101] It should be noted that the power assembly can be a pure electric power assembly, a hybrid power assembly or other types. The power assembly can be equipped with any driving architecture, such as centralized driving, four-wheel drive, two-wheel drive, wheel-side driving, etc.

[0102] In addition, some embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a vehicle 3000. As shown in FIG. 22 and FIG. 23, the vehicle 3000 comprises the above-mentioned motor 1000 or the above-mentioned power assembly 2000. Since the motor of some embodiments of the present disclosure can effectively and flexibly adjust the air gap magnetic field, and the magnetic structure 2 of the motor has good magnetic stabilization capability, the full-domain efficient and stable operation and reliability of the motor can be improved, which is conducive to improving the power performance and economy of the vehicle.

[0103] It should be noted that in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the structure of the motor or power assembly is the same as that of the above-mentioned motor or power assembly, and the beneficial effects of the structure of the motor or power assembly are also similar, which will not be repeated here.

[0104] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiment", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0105] Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the present disclosure, and the scope of the present disclosure is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rotor (100), comprising: a rotor core (1); and a magnetic structure (2) disposed on the rotor core (1) and extending along an axial direction of the rotor core (1); wherein the magnetic structure (2) comprises a first magnetic portion (21) and a second magnetic portion (22) disposed along the axial direction of the rotor core (1), the coercivity of the first magnetic portion (21) being greater than the coercivity of the second magnetic portion (22). The first magnetic portion (21) comprises at least one first permanent magnet segment (211) disposed along the axial direction of the rotor core (1), and the second magnetic portion (22) comprises at least one second permanent magnet segment (221) disposed along the axial direction of the rotor core (1); 2. The rotor (100) of claim 1, wherein wherein the coercivity of the first permanent magnet segment (211) is greater than the coercivity of the second permanent magnet segment (221). The first permanent magnet segment (211) comprises at least one first permanent magnet (2111) having a coercivity HC1; 3. The rotor (100) of claim 2, wherein The second permanent magnet segment (221) comprises at least one second permanent magnet (2211) having a coercivity HC2, satisfying HC2 < HC1. The second permanent magnet segment (221) further comprises at least one third permanent magnet (2212) having a coercivity HC3, satisfying HC3 = HC1.

4. The rotor (100) of claim 3, wherein At least part of the at least one second permanent magnet (2211) is a composite permanent magnet comprising a first magnet portion and a second magnet portion having different coercivities, and the first magnet portion and the second magnet portion are connected in series or in parallel.

5. The rotor (100) of claim 3, wherein In one of the at least one second permanent magnet segment (221), the number of the second permanent magnets (2211) is less than or equal to the number of the third permanent magnets (2212).

6. The rotor (100) of claim 4, wherein In the case where the rotor (100) rotates, the rotation direction of the rotor core (1) is a first circumferential direction; the second permanent magnet segment (221) has a fourth magnetic pole center line extending along a radial direction of the rotor core (1), and the second permanent magnet (2211) is located on a front side of the fourth magnetic pole center line along the first circumferential direction.

7. The rotor (100) of claim 4, wherein The third permanent magnet (2212) is located on at least one of a front side or a rear side of the fourth magnetic pole center line along the first circumferential direction.

8. The rotor (100) of claim 7, wherein The first magnetic portion (21) has a first magnetic pole center line extending along a radial direction of the rotor core (1), and the second magnetic portion (22) has a second magnetic pole center line extending along a radial direction of the rotor core (1); wherein the first magnetic pole center line coincides with the second magnetic pole center line.

9. The rotor (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein In the case where the rotor (100) rotates, the rotation direction of the rotor core (1) is a first circumferential direction; 10. The rotor (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein ​ The magnetic structure (2) has a fifth magnetic pole center line extending in the radial direction of the rotor core (1), the first magnetic part (21) has a first magnetic pole center line extending in the radial direction of the rotor core (1), and the second magnetic part (22) has a second magnetic pole center line extending in the radial direction of the rotor core (1); The first magnetic pole center line and the second magnetic pole center line are arranged at an angle with the fifth magnetic pole center line, and the first magnetic pole center line is located on the rear side of the fifth magnetic pole center line along the first circumferential direction, and the second magnetic pole center line is located on the front side of the fifth magnetic pole center line along the first circumferential direction.

11. The rotor (100) of claim 10, wherein The angle formed by the first magnetic pole center line and the fifth magnetic pole center line is the same as the angle formed by the second magnetic pole center line and the fifth magnetic pole center line.

12. The rotor (100) according to claim 10 or 11, wherein A plurality of magnetic structures (2) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotor core (1), and a first angle A is formed by the fifth magnetic pole center lines of two adjacent magnetic structures (2) in the plurality of magnetic structures (2). A second angle B is formed by the first magnetic pole center line and the second magnetic pole center line of the same magnetic structure (2) in the plurality of magnetic structures (2), and 0≤B≤A / 2 is satisfied.

13. The rotor (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 12, wherein The magnetic structure (2) further comprises a third magnetic part (23), and the third magnetic part (23) comprises at least one third permanent magnet segment (231) arranged in the axial direction of the rotor core (1). The coercive force of the third permanent magnet segment (231) is the same as the coercive force of the first permanent magnet segment (211) or the second permanent magnet segment (221).

14. The rotor (100) of claim 13, wherein The magnetic structure (2) has a fifth magnetic pole center line extending in the radial direction of the rotor core (1); The third magnetic part (23) has a third magnetic pole center line extending in the radial direction of the rotor core (1), and the third magnetic pole center line coincides with the fifth magnetic pole center line.

15. The rotor (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 12, wherein The magnetic structure (2) further comprises a third magnetic part (23), and the third magnetic part (23) comprises at least two third permanent magnet segments (231) arranged in the axial direction of the rotor core (1). Any one of the at least two third permanent magnet segments (231) comprises a first sub-permanent magnet segment and a second sub-permanent magnet segment with different coercive forces, wherein the coercive force of the first sub-permanent magnet segment is the same as that of the first permanent magnet segment (211), and the coercive force of the second sub-permanent magnet segment is the same as that of the second permanent magnet segment (221).

16. The rotor (100) of claim 15, wherein The magnetic structure (2) has a fifth magnetic pole center line extending in the radial direction of the rotor core (1); The third magnetic part (23) has a third magnetic pole center line extending in the radial direction of the rotor core (1), and the third magnetic pole center line coincides with the fifth magnetic pole center line.

17. The rotor (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 12, wherein The length of the first permanent magnet segment (211) in the axial direction of the rotor core (1) is equal to the length of the second permanent magnet segment (221) in the axial direction of the rotor core (1).

18. The rotor (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 12, wherein The second permanent magnet section (221) comprises at least two second permanent magnet groups arranged along the radial direction of the rotor core (1); In the at least two second permanent magnet groups, the second permanent magnet group with a larger coercive force is adapted to be arranged close to the stator (3).

19. The rotor (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein The rotor core (1) comprises a plurality of core units (11) arranged along the axial direction of the rotor core (1) in sequence; Any one of the plurality of core units (11) is provided with a mounting groove unit penetratingly arranged along the axial direction of the core unit (11); The first magnetic part (21) and the second magnetic part (22) are each provided with at least one permanent magnet section, and a plurality of permanent magnet sections in the first magnetic part (21) and the second magnetic part (22) are arranged along the axial direction of the rotor core (1) in sequence, and the plurality of permanent magnet sections are respectively mounted in the mounting groove units of the plurality of core units (11).

20. The rotor (100) of claim 19, wherein The mounting groove unit comprises at least two mounting groove groups arranged along the radial direction of the core unit (11), and any one of the at least two mounting groove groups comprises at least two mounting grooves (111) symmetrically arranged along the circumferential direction of the core unit (11); 21. The rotor (100) according to claim 19 or 20, wherein The permanent magnet section comprises at least two permanent magnet groups arranged along the radial direction of the core unit (11), and any one of the at least two permanent magnet groups comprises at least two permanent magnets symmetrically arranged along the circumferential direction of the core unit (11), and the at least two permanent magnets are respectively embedded in the at least two mounting grooves (111). The shape of the mounting groove group is one of arc, straight line, V shape, U shape and W shape.

22. The rotor (100) of claim 21, wherein Any one of the at least two permanent magnets is one of ferrite permanent magnet, alnico permanent magnet, neodymium iron boron permanent magnet, samarium cobalt permanent magnet and iron nitride permanent magnet.

23. The rotor (100) according to claim 21 or 22, wherein The core unit (11) comprises a plurality of auxiliary groove units; 24. The rotor (100) of claim 20, wherein, The core unit (11) has a peripheral wall, and a plurality of auxiliary groove units are arranged on the peripheral wall along the circumferential direction of the core unit (11), and the plurality of auxiliary groove units correspond to the plurality of mounting groove units respectively. Any one of the plurality of auxiliary groove units comprises a plurality of auxiliary grooves (12) extending along the axial direction of the core unit (11), and the plurality of auxiliary grooves (12) are arranged along the circumferential direction of the core unit (11) in a spaced manner.

25. The rotor (100) of claim 24, wherein The core unit (11) comprises a plurality of weight-reducing holes (13) penetratingly arranged along the axial direction of the core unit (11), and the plurality of weight-reducing holes (13) are arranged along the circumferential direction of the core unit (11) in a spaced manner.

26. The rotor (100) according to any one of claims 20 to 25, wherein 27. The rotor (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 26, further comprising two baffles (5) respectively arranged at the two ends of the axial direction of the rotor core (1) and connected with at least part of the rotor core (1). ​ 28. An electric machine (1000) comprising: The stator (3) and the rotor (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 27; the stator (3) is arranged at least one of a radially inner side or a radially outer side of the rotor (100).

29. The electric machine (1000) of claim 28, further comprising: A motor controller electrically connected with the stator winding (4) of the stator (3), the motor controller is configured to output a transient pulse current to make the stator winding (4) generate a magnetic field for adjusting the magnetic structure (2) to change the air gap flux of the second magnetic part (22).

30. A powertrain (2000) comprising the motor (1000) according to claim 28 or 29.

31. A vehicle (3000) comprising one of: The motor (1000) according to claim 28 or 29; or The powertrain (2000) according to claim 30.

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