A kind of laterite nickel ore high-pressure leaching waste heat power generation system

Abstract

The application relates to a laterite nickel ore high-pressure leaching waste heat power generation system, comprising a high-pressure reactor, a flash unit, a gas-liquid separator, and a steam generator, the flash unit comprises a flash tank, the flash tank has a feed port, an outlet and a steam outlet, the feed port of the flash tank is connected to the slurry outlet of the high-pressure reactor, and the steam outlet of the flash tank is connected to a gas-liquid separator and a steam generator in turn. Compared with the prior technique, the laterite nickel ore high-pressure leaching waste heat power generation system provided in the present application utilizes a gas-liquid separator to remove the sulfuric acid mist contained in the steam, avoids the generator being corroded by sulfuric acid, and only needs to carry out anti-corrosion treatment on the pipeline located in front of the gas-liquid separator, reduces the pipeline anti-corrosion cost, and the sulfuric acid after the separation of the gas-liquid separator can be recycled simultaneously, and reduces the cost of sulfuric acid use.

Description

[0001] Description

[0002] A KIND OF LATERITE NICKEL ORE HIGH-PRESSURE LEACHING WASTE HEAT POWER GENERATION SYSTEM

[0003] FILED OF DISCLOSURE

[0004] The application relates to the technical field of chemical equipment , in particular to a high-pressure leaching waste heat power generation system for laterite nickel ore .

[0005] BACKGROUND

[0006] Flash evaporation refers to the sudden decrease in pressure after the high-pressure slurry in the high-pressure reactor enters the lower-pre vessel , and the slurry becomes saturated water vapor and saturated slurry . The boiling point of the substance is proportional to the pressure so that the high-pressure and high- temperature slurry can be depressuri zed so that its boiling point is lowered, and it enters flashing . The role of the flash tank is to provide space for the rapid vapori zation of the fluid and the separation of gas and liquid .

[0007] In the hydrometallurgical method of laterite nickel ore , slurry, sul furic acid, and steam are usually inj ected into a high-pressure reactor for smelting, and the high-value metals in laterite nickel ore are leached at high pressure . After the reaction, the slurry and sul furic acid enter the flash tank together to reduce the pressure , and the water vapor produced by the decompression has a high temperature , which can be used for preheating and power generation operations to avoid the waste of energy .

[0008] However, at the same time as the water vapor is generated, a part of the sul furic acid droplets will also be excited by the vibration of the water vapor generation, forming an acid mist and expelling it with the water vapor, which will cause corrosion of steam pipes and generators and additional consumption of sul furic acid . In addition, compared with pipelines , generators are di f ficult to resist acid corrosion . SUMMARY

[0009] Because of this , it is necessary to provide a high-pressure leaching waste heat power generation system for laterite nickel ore to solve the technical problem that the steam produced by the flash tank in the prior technique contains sul furic acid mist and causes the pipeline and generator to be corroded .

[0010] The application provides a laterite nickel ore high-pressure leaching waste heat power generation system, the laterite nickel ore high-pressure leaching waste heat power generation system comprises : a high-pressure reactor, a flash unit , a gas-liquid separator, and a steam generator, the flash unit comprises a flash tank, the flash tank has a feed port , an outlet and a steam outlet , the feed port of the flash tank is connected to the slurry outlet of the high-pressure reactor, and the steam outlet of the flash tank is connected to a gas-liquid separator and a steam generator in turn .

[0011] Further, the flash evaporation unit comprises several flash tanks connected in series , the feed port of the first flash tank is connected to the slurry outlet of the high-pressure reactor, the discharge port of the flash tank is connected to the feed port of the next flash tank, the steam outlet of each flash tank is correspondingly connected with a gas-liquid separator, and at least part of the gas-liquid separator is connected to a steam generator .

[0012] Further, the gas-liquid separator comprises a first gas-liquid separator and a second gas-liquid separator, and along the direction of slurry movement , the front part of the flash tank is connected to the steam generator through the first gas-liquid separator and the steam outlet of the remaining flash tank is connected to the second gas-liquid separator .

[0013] Further, it comprises a preheating unit , which comprises a preheating tower, and the outlet end of the second gas-liquid separator and the steam generator are connected to the preheating tower to preheat the slurry with waste steam .

[0014] Further, the preheating unit comprises several preheating towers that are connected in series in series , and the last preheating tower is connected to the slurry inlet of the high- pressure reactor, and the gas-liquid separator i s connected with the preheating tower one by one .

[0015] Further, the gas-liquid separator comprises a shell and a liquid separation folding plate , the shell is provided with a separation chamber and also forms an air inlet , an air outlet , and a liquid outlet that communicates the separation chamber, the liquid separation folding plate is arranged on the airflow path between the air inlet and the air outlet , and the liquid outlet is positioned below the liquid separation folding plate ; The air inlet is connected to the steam outlet of the flash tank, and the air outlet is connected to the steam generator .

[0016] Further, the bottom surface of the shell is a slope , and the outlet is located at the lowest part of the slope .

[0017] Further, the separating plate has several bending structures to separate multiple bending channels in the separation chamber, and when the water vapor passes through the flow channel , the sul furic acid droplets will hit the si fold and drip down .

[0018] Further, the gas-liquid separator comprises a liquid storage tank, the upper end of the liquid storage tank is connected to a liquid outlet , and the lower end of the liquid storage tank has a liquid discharge port that can be closed .

[0019] Further, it comprises a sul furic acid collection tank, and the liquid discharge port is connected to the sul furic acid collection tank through the sul furic acid pipe , and the sul furic acid pipe is provided with a valve .

[0020] Compared with the prior technique , the laterite nickel ore high-pressure leaching waste heat power generation system provided in the present application utili zes a gas-liquid separator to remove the sul furic acid mist contained in the steam, avoids the generator being corroded by sul furic acid, and only needs to carry out anti-corrosion treatment on the pipeline located in front of the gas-liquid separator, reduces the pipeline anti-corrosion cost , and the sul furic acid after the separation of the gas-liquid separator can be recycled simultaneously, and reduces the cost of sul furic acid use .

[0021] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application, to be able to understand the technical means of the present application more clearly and can be implemented following the contents of the description, the preferred embodiment of the present application, and the accompanying drawings are described in detail as follows . The speci fic embodiment of the present application is given in detail by the following embodiment and its accompanying drawings .

[0022] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The drawings illustrated herein are used to provide a further understanding of the application and form part of the application, and the schematic embodiments of the application and its description are used to interpret the application and do not constitute an undue limitation of the application . In the accompanying drawing :

[0024] FIG . 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a preferred embodiment of a high-pressure leaching waste heat power generation system for laterite nickel ore provided in the present application .

[0025] FIG . 2 is a cross-sectional view of the gas-liquid separator in FIG . 1 .

[0026] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0027] The preferred embodiment of the present application is described below in conj unction with the accompanying drawings , wherein the drawings form a part of the present application and are used together with the embodiments of the present application to illustrate the principle of the present application and are not used to limit the scope of the present application .

[0028] Refer to FIG . 1 , this application provides a high-pressure leaching waste heat power generation system for laterite nickel ore . The high-pressure leaching waste heat power generation system of laterite nickel ore can be applied to the smelting of laterite nickel ore , which is used to recover the sul furic acid in the steam generated by the flash tank and avoid the sul furic acid from corroding the generator when using steam to generate electricity .

[0029] It should be noted that the high-pressure leaching waste heat power generation system of laterite nickel ore in the present application is used in, but not limited to , the smelting of laterite nickel ore , and can also be applied to other smelting production that requires the use of sul furic acid and flash evaporation tanks . In the present application, only the application of the high-pressure leaching waste heat power generation system of laterite nickel ore to the smelting of laterite nickel ore i s taken as an example , and the principle of the application of the high-pres sure leaching waste heat power generation system of laterite nickel ore to the smelting of other ores is essentially the same as that applied to the smelting of laterite nickel ore .

[0030] The high-pressure leaching waste heat power generation system of this laterite nickel ore comprises a high-pressure reactor 1 , a flash unit 2 , a gas-liquid separator 3 , and a steam generator 4 , the flash unit 2 comprises a flash tank, the flash tank has a feed port , a discharge port , and a steam outlet , the feed port of the flash tank is connected to the slurry outlet of the high-pressure reactor 1 , and the steam outlet of the flash tank is connected to the gas-liquid separator 3 and the steam generator 4 in turn .

[0031] After the slurry is finished in the high-pressure reactor 1 , it enters the flash tank to reduce pressure , and the water vapor produced by the decompression enters the gas-liquid separator 3 through the steam outlet , after removing the sul furic acid therein, the steam enters the steam generator 4 again for power generation . Ef fectively avoid the generator from being corroded by sul furic acid, and only need to carry out anti-corrosion treatment to the pipeline located in front of gas-liquid separator 3 , reduce the cost of pipeline anti-corrosion, and recover the sul furic acid in the steam at the same time can also reduce the waste of sul furic acid .

[0032] In some embodiments , the flash evaporation unit 2 comprises several flash tanks connected in series in sequence , the feed port of the first flash tank is connected to the slurry outlet of the high-pressure reactor 1 , and the discharge port of the flash tank is connected to the feed port of the next flash tank . The steam outlet of each flash tank is correspondingly connected to gasliquid separator 3 , and at least part of the gas-liquid separator 3 is connected to steam generator 4 .

[0033] Because the pressure and temperature of the steam produced by each flash tank are gradually reduced, based on the power generation ef ficiency of the steam generator 4 , only the steam generated by the front part of the flash tank is suitable for power generation . Therefore , the gas-liquid separator 3 comprises a first gas-liquid separator 3A and a second gas-liquid separator 3B, and along the direction of slurry movement , the front part of the flash tank is connected to the steam generator 4 through the first gas-liquid separator 3A and the steam outlet of the remaining flash tank is connected to the second gas-liquid separator 3B .

[0034] In conj unction with FIG . 1 for detailed description, in this embodiment , the flash evaporation unit 2 comprises three flash tanks that are connected in series in sequence and are named the first flash tank 21 , the second flash tank 22 , and the third flash tank 23 respectively according to the position from the high- pressure reactor 1 , i . e . , the direction of slurry flow . Due to the high internal pressure of the autoclave , the slurry can be driven to flow sequentially between the di f ferent flash tanks by this pressure and the height di f ference between the di f ferent flash tanks . The slurry after the reaction in the high-pressure reactor 1 first enters the first flash tank 21 for the first flash, then enters the second flash tank 22 for the second flash and finally enters the third flash tank 23 for the third flash . The first flash tank 21 and the second flash tank 22 are connected with the first gas-liquid separator 3A, and the third flash tank 23 is connected with the second gas-liquid separator 3B

[0035] In this embodiment , flash unit 2 is of a three-stage structure and comprises three flash tanks . In other embodiments , other numbers of flash tanks may also be included, and the connection is similar to that of the present embodiment . And according to the temperature and pressure of the steam generation, select the first few flash tanks to connect the first gas-liquid separator 3A, and use the steam generated by it for power generation . The remaining flash tanks are connected to a second gas-liquid separator 3B to remove sul furic acid from these vapors . This part of the steam is not suitable for power generation because of the low temperature and pressure , but it still contains a certain amount of waste heat , which is worth recycling .

[0036] The Steam Generator 4 can utili ze steam to generate electricity, and in some embodiments , the steam generator 4 comprises a turbine , and the high-pressure steam drives the turbine to rotate and drives the rotor to rotate , thereby generating electric energy .

[0037] In some embodiments , the system further comprises a preheating unit 6 , the preheating unit 6 comprises a preheating tower, the outlet ends of the second gas-liquid separator 3B, and the steam generator 4 is connected to the preheating tower to preheat the slurry with waste steam . This steam is fed into the preheating tower, which can be in direct contact with the slurry in the preheating tower, which fully absorbs the heat of the steam, or can be used for heat exchange .

[0038] In some embodiments , the preheating unit 6 comprises several preheating towers connected in series in sequence , and the last preheating tower communicates with the slurry inlet of the high- pressure reactor 1 . Pumps are provided between adj acent preheating towers to pressuri ze the slurry and drive the slurry flow .

[0039] In conj unction with FIG . 1 for detailed description, in this embodiment , the preheating unit 6 comprises three sequential preheating towers in series and is named the first preheating tower 61 , the second preheating tower 62 , and the third preheating tower 63 respectively according to the direction of slurry flow . The slurry first enters the first preheating tower 61 for the first preheating, then enters the second preheating tower 62 for the second preheating, enters the third preheating tower 63 for the third preheating, and finally enters the reaction in the high- pressure reactor 1 . The first flash tank 21 is connected with the first preheating tower 61 through the first preheater 3A and the steam generator 4 , the second flash tank 22 is connected with the second preheating tower 62 through the first preheater 3A and the steam generator 4 , and the third flash tank 23 is connected with the third preheating tower 63 through the second preheater 3B .

[0040] Some of the flash tanks produce steam that is too hot for preheating the slurry . A steam generator 4 is correspondingly arranged for these flash tanks , and the steam descends to a suitable temperature after passing through the steam generator 4 , and then is introduced into the corresponding preheating tower for preheating the slurry . This mode makes the most of the energy in the steam . Referring to FIG . 2 , in this embodiment , the first gas-liquid separator 3A and the second gas-liquid separator 3B can adopt the same structural form, including a shell 31 and a separating folding plate 32 , the shell 31 is provided with a separating chamber inside , and an air inlet 33 , a gas outlet 34 and a liquid outlet 35 of a communicating separation chamber are also formed . The separating folding plate 32 is arranged on the airflow path between the air inlet 33 and the air outlet 34 and can block the steam airflow so that the sul furic acid droplets collide with the separating folding plate 32 and converge into a large liquid droplet flowing down . Outlet 35 is positioned at the bottom of the separating folding plate and is used for the discharge of the sul furic acid that is separated and obtained . The air inlet 34 is connected to the steam outlet of the flash tank, and the air outlet 35 is connected to the steam inlet of the steam generator 4 .

[0041] In some embodiments , the bottom surface of shell 31 is a slope surface , and outlet 35 is located at the lowest part of the slope surface so that the sul furic acid can converge to outlet 35 .

[0042] In some embodiments , the separating folding plate 32 has several bending structures to separate several bending flow channels in the separation chamber, and when water vapor passes through the flow channel , the sul furic acid droplets can hit the dispensing folding plate 32 and drip down . Through this multibending structure , the sul furic acid droplets in the water vapor can be fully separated, and the water vapor discharged from gas outlet 34 is ensured to contain sul furic acid .

[0043] In some embodiments , the gas-liquid separator 3 further comprises a liquid storage tank 36 , the upper end of the liquid storage tank 36 is connected with a liquid outlet 35 , and the lower end of the liquid storage tank 36 has a liquid discharge port 37 that can be closed . The separated sul furic acid is gathered in liquid storage tank 36 and stored temporarily, and when stored to a certain amount , the liquid discharge port 37 is opened and discharged again . Because the gas-liquid separator 3 is filled with high-pressure steam, after opening the liquid discharge port 37 , the pressure of high-pressure steam can automatically push out the sul furic acid . In some embodiments , the system also comprises a sul furic acid collection tank 7 , the liquid discharge port 37 is connected to the sul furic acid collection tank 7 through the sul furic acid pipe , and a valve is arranged on the sul furic acid pipe to reali ze the closing of the liquid discharge port 37 . The sulfuric acid that the first gas-liquid separator 3A and the second gas-liquid separator 3B are separate can be gathered in the same sul furic acid collection tank 7 and collected centrally, and then recycled, and utili zed . It is easy to understand that the sul furic acid collection tank 7 contains the necessary discharge structure to discharge the collected sul furic acid .

[0044] Compared with the prior technique , the laterite nickel ore high-pressure leaching waste heat power generation system provided in the present application utili zes a gas-liquid separator to remove the sul furic acid mist contained in the steam, avoids the generator being corroded by sul furic acid, and only needs to carry out anti-corrosion treatment on the pipeline located in front of the gas-liquid separator, reduces the pipeline anti-corrosion cost , and the sul furic acid after the separation of the gas-liquid separator can be recycled simultaneously, and reduces the cost of sul furic acid use .

[0045] The foregoing is only a better embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to this , and any change or replacement that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the technique within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application shall be covered by the scope of protection of this application .

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS1 . A laterite nickel ore high-pressure leaching waste heat power generation system, is characteri zed in that : it comprises : a high- pressure reaction kettle , a flash unit , a gas-liquid separator, and a steam generator, the flash unit comprises a flash tank, the flash tank has a feed port , an outlet and a steam outlet , the feed port of the flash tank is connected with the slurry outlet of the high-pressure reactor, and the steam outlet of the flash tank is successively connected with the gas-liquid separator and the steam generator .2 . laterite nickel ore high-pres sure leaching waste heat power generation system according to claim 1 , wherein the flash evaporation unit comprises several flash tanks connected in series in sequence , the feed port of the first flash tank is connected to the slurry outlet of the high-pressure reactor, the discharge port of the flash tank is connected with the feed port of the next flash tank, and the steam outlet of each flash tank is correspondingly connected with the gas-liquid separator, at least part of the gasliquid separator is connected to the steam generator .3 . The laterite nickel ore high-pressure leaching waste heat power generation system according to claim 2 , wherein the gas-liquid separator comprises a first gas-liquid separator and a second gasliquid separator, along the direction of the slurry movement , the front part of the flash tank is connected to the steam generator through the first gas-liquid separator and the steam outlet of the remaining flash tank is connected to the second gas-liquid separator .4 . The laterite nickel ore high-pressure leaching waste heat power generation system of claim 3 , wherein it further comprises a preheating unit , the preheating unit comprises a preheating tower, and the outlet end of the second gas-liquid separator and the steam generator is connected to the preheating tower to preheat the slurry with waste steam .5 . laterite nickel ore high-pres sure leaching waste heat power generation system according to claim 4 , wherein the preheating unit comprises several preheating towers connected in series , the last preheating tower is connected to the slurry inlet of the high- pressure reactor, and the gas-liquid separator i s connected with the preheating tower one-to-one .6 . laterite nickel ore high-pres sure leaching waste heat power generation system according to claim 1 , wherein the gas-liquid separator comprises a casing and a separating folding plate , the casing has a separating cavity ins ide and also forms an air inlet , an outlet and a liquid outlet that are connected with the separating cavity, the separating folding plate is arranged on the airflow path between the air inlet and the gas outlet , and the liquid outlet is located below the separating folding plate ; described air inlet is connected to the steam outlet of described flash tank, and described air outlet is connected to described steam generator .7 . laterite nickel ore high-pres sure leaching waste heat power generation system according to claim 6 , wherein the bottom surface of the shell is sloped, and the liquid outlet is located at the lowest place of the slope surface .8 . The laterite nickel ore high-pressure leaching waste heat power generation system according to claim 6 , wherein the separating folding plate has several bending structures to separate several bending flow channels in the separation chamber, and when water vapor passes through the flow channel , the sul furic acid droplets can hit the diversion folding plate and drip down .9 . The laterite nickel ore high-pressure leaching waste heat power generation system according to claim 6 , wherein the gas-liquid separator further comprises a liquid storage tank, the upper end of the liquid storage tank is connected with the liquid outlet , and the lower end of the liquid storage tank has a liquid discharge port that can be closed .

10. The laterite nickel ore high-pressure leaching waste heat power generation system of claim 9, further comprising a sulfuric acid collection tank, the liquid discharge port is connected to the sulfuric acid collecting tank through the sulfuric acid pipe, and the sulfuric acid pipe is provided with a valve.

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