Piping structure

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a piping structure for a cooling device in a ship. [Solution] This piping structure includes: a first refrigerant pipe 120 in which a refrigerant flows from a compressor 104 to a condenser 106; a second refrigerant pipe 122 in which the refrigerant flows from the condenser 106 to a first branching part 132; a third refrigerant pipe 124 in which the refrigerant flows from the first branching part 132 to an expansion valve 107; a fourth refrigerant pipe 126 in which the refrigerant flows from the expansion valve 107 to a cooling unit 108; a fifth refrigerant pipe 128 in which the refrigerant flows from the cooling unit 108 to a second branching part 134; and a sixth refrigerant pipe 130 in which the refrigerant flows from the second branching part 134 to the compressor 104.

Description

Piping structure

[0001] The present invention relates to a piping structure for a cooling device inside a ship.

[0002] Patent Document 1 describes a piping structure including a refrigerant pipe that is piped inside a ship and through which a refrigerant flows, and a heat insulation part provided outside the refrigerant pipe. The refrigerant pipe is connected to a cooling device that is a refrigerator or a freezer installed inside the ship.

[0003] In the piping structure of Patent Document 1, condensation on the refrigerant pipe is prevented by the heat insulation part. However, since the heat insulation part around the refrigerant pipe is formed of a heat insulation material with fluidity such as cured urethane foam, the maintainability of the refrigerant pipe deteriorates.

[0004] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2015 - 017791

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a piping structure that can easily attach a covering part to a refrigerant pipe and efficiently prevent condensation on the refrigerant pipe by adjusting the thickness of the covering part in consideration of the diameter of the refrigerant pipe and the gap between adjacent refrigerant pipes.

[0006] The piping structure according to the present invention is a piping structure in which refrigerant circulates in a ship in the order of compressor, condenser, first branch, expansion valve, cooling unit, second branch, and the compressor, comprising: a first refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows from the compressor to the condenser; a second refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows from the condenser to the first branch; a third refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows from the first branch to the expansion valve; a fourth refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows from the expansion valve to the cooling unit; a fifth refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows from the cooling unit to the second branch; and the second branch to the expansion valve. The first refrigerant pipe and the sixth refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows are provided, and the inner diameter of the first refrigerant pipe is 20 mm to 65 mm, the inner diameter of the second refrigerant pipe is 30 mm to 50 mm, the inner diameter of the third refrigerant pipe is 20 mm to 40 mm, the inner diameter of the fourth refrigerant pipe is 10 mm to 40 mm, the inner diameter of the fifth refrigerant pipe is 20 mm to 65 mm, and the inner diameter of the sixth refrigerant pipe is 65 mm to 100 mm, and the outer surfaces of the first refrigerant pipe, the second refrigerant pipe and the fourth to sixth refrigerant pipes are each provided with a covering portion, and the first refrigerant pipe, the second refrigerant pipe and the sixth refrigerant pipe The coating portion of the pipe is one layer, and the thickness of the coating portion is 20 mm to 35 mm. A coating portion is provided on a part of the third refrigerant pipe, and the thickness of the coating portion is 20 mm to 35 mm. If the gap between one fourth refrigerant pipe and another adjacent fourth refrigerant pipe is 15 mm to 70 mm, then the coating portion of one fourth refrigerant pipe and the coating portion of the other fourth refrigerant pipe are one or two layers, and the sum of the thickness of the coating portion of one fourth refrigerant pipe and the thickness of the coating portion of the other fourth refrigerant pipe is less than or equal to the gap between one fourth refrigerant pipe and another adjacent fourth refrigerant pipe. If the gap between one of the aforementioned fourth refrigerant pipes and the other adjacent fourth refrigerant pipe is greater than 70 mm, the covering portion of one of the aforementioned fourth refrigerant pipes and the covering portion of the other fourth refrigerant pipe are one layer, and the thickness of the covering portion of one of the aforementioned fourth refrigerant pipes and the thickness of the covering portion of the other fourth refrigerant pipe are 20 mm to 35 mm. If the gap between one of the aforementioned fifth refrigerant pipes and the other adjacent fifth refrigerant pipe is 15 mm to 70 mm, the covering portion of one of the aforementioned fifth refrigerant pipes and the covering portion of the other fifth refrigerant pipe are one or two layers, and the thickness of the covering portion of one of the aforementioned fifth refrigerant pipes andThe sum of the thickness of the covering portion of the other fifth refrigerant pipe and the thickness of the covering portion of the other fifth refrigerant pipe is less than or equal to the gap between one fifth refrigerant pipe and the other fifth refrigerant pipe. If the gap between one fifth refrigerant pipe and the other fifth refrigerant pipe is greater than 70 mm, then the covering portion of the one fifth refrigerant pipe and the covering portion of the other fifth refrigerant pipe are one layer, and the thickness of the covering portion of the one fifth refrigerant pipe and the thickness of the covering portion of the other fifth refrigerant pipe are 20 mm to 35 mm.

[0007] In the aforementioned piping structure, the covering portion is a closed-cell nitrile-based synthetic rubber with an apparent density of 45 kg / m³. ３ ) ~ 55 (kg / m ３ ) and the thermal conductivity is 0.034 (W / m·K) to 0.038 (W / m·K), and the moisture vapor permeability coefficient is 0.18 ng / (m ２ ・s・Pa)~0.19ng / (m ２ It is sPa).

[0008] The piping structure of the present invention comprises a refrigerant pipe installed inside a ship through which a refrigerant flows, and an insulating section provided on the outside of the refrigerant pipe, wherein the refrigerant pipe is connected to a cooling device which is a refrigerator or freezer installed inside the ship, and the insulating section is attached to the outer surface side of the refrigerant pipe and has a plurality of insulating layers.

[0009] The aforementioned heat insulating portion has a covering portion that constitutes a single heat insulating layer and covers at least a portion of the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe, or covers the periphery of a plurality of parallel refrigerant pipes together.

[0010] The covering portion has heat insulating tape that is attached to or wrapped around the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe, or around the parallel arrangement of multiple refrigerant pipes.

[0011] The covering portion comprises an inner covering portion that adheres closely to and covers the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe, and an outer covering portion that adheres closely to and covers the outer surface of the inner covering portion.

[0012] The covering portion comprises an inner covering portion that individually adheres to and covers the outer surface of each of the multiple parallel refrigerant pipes, and an outer covering portion that is covered on the outer surface side by the inner covering portion and covers the periphery of the multiple parallel refrigerant pipes collectively, wherein the outer covering portion is curved along the outer surface so as to adhere to the outer surface of the inner covering portion.

[0013] The aforementioned heat insulating portion comprises a covering portion that collectively covers the periphery of a plurality of parallel refrigerant pipes, and a plate-shaped heat insulating member interposed between adjacent refrigerant pipes in the plurality of parallel refrigerant pipes.

[0014] The aforementioned heat insulating section has a covering unit that collectively covers the periphery of a plurality of parallel refrigerant pipes, and the covering unit has a plurality of covering covers arranged in the circumferential direction, and adjacent covering covers overlap each other in the circumferential direction to form a plurality of heat insulating layers.

[0015] The aforementioned heat insulating portion includes an outer covering portion that collectively covers the periphery of a plurality of parallel refrigerant pipes, and an inner covering portion that individually adheres to and covers the outer circumferential surface of each of the plurality of refrigerant pipes within the outer covering portion.

[0016] The heat insulating portion comprises an intermediate covering portion that collectively covers the periphery of a plurality of parallel refrigerant pipes, and an outer covering portion that covers the outer circumferential surface of the intermediate covering portion.

[0017] The piping method of the present invention comprises the steps of connecting a refrigerant pipe to a cooling device, which is a refrigerator or freezer, installed inside a ship, and piping the pipe inside the ship, and providing an insulating portion on the outer surface side of the piped refrigerant pipe, wherein the insulating portion is attached to the outer surface side of the refrigerant pipe and has a plurality of insulating layers.

[0018] In the piping structure for the cooling system, by adjusting the thickness of the covering portion while considering the diameter of the refrigerant pipe and the gap between adjacent refrigerant pipes, it is possible to easily attach the covering portion to the refrigerant pipe and efficiently prevent condensation on the refrigerant pipe. Furthermore, condensation on the refrigerant pipe can be efficiently prevented by the insulating portion attached to the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe, and if a problem occurs with the refrigerant pipe, the insulating portion attached to the refrigerant pipe can be removed, thus providing high maintainability.

[0019] Schematic diagram showing the configuration of a ship Schematic diagram showing a refrigeration cycle Cross-sectional diagram showing a piping structure with a single refrigerant pipe and an insulating section Cross-sectional diagram showing a piping structure with parallel refrigerant pipes and an insulating section Cross-sectional diagram of a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention Cross-sectional diagram showing the piping structure shown in Figure 5 provided near the peripheral wall Cross-sectional diagram of a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention Cross-sectional diagram of a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention Flow diagram showing a piping method to which the present invention is applied Schematic diagram showing a refrigeration cycle of a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention Figure 11A is a cross-sectional view of a single layer of covering 136, and Figure 11B is a cross-sectional view of a double layer of covering 136

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a ship, and Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the refrigeration cycle. Ship 1 is a refrigerated ship, freezer ship, or fishing vessel that transports items such as food that require refrigeration. Multiple cooling devices 2, which are refrigerators or freezers, are installed inside Ship 1. The items to be transported are housed inside the cooling devices 2, and the temperature inside the cooling devices 2 is kept low by supplying a refrigerant to the cooling devices 2. The refrigerant is circulated by a refrigeration cycle 3 installed inside Ship 1.

[0021] The refrigeration cycle 3 comprises a compressor 4, a condenser 6, an expansion valve 7, a cooling unit 8, and refrigerant pipes 9, which are piped to connect these components. Refrigerant flows through the inside of the refrigerant pipes 9. The cooling unit 8 is, for example, an evaporator or a heat exchanger, and is installed in each cooling device 2. The refrigerant pipes 9 branch off and are piped from the condenser 6 to each cooling unit 8. The condenser 6 is connected to each cooling unit 8 by the refrigerant pipes 9. The expansion valve 7 is located upstream of each cooling unit 8 of the branched refrigerant pipes 9.

[0022] The compressor 4 compresses the low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant that flows in from the cooling unit 8 through the refrigerant pipe 9, and discharges the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant to the condenser 6 through the refrigerant pipe 9.

[0023] The condenser 6 condenses and liquefies the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flowing in from the compressor 4, and discharges the medium-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant through the refrigerant pipe 9 to the expansion valve 7. The condenser 6 is equipped with a pump to supply cooling water from the outside for cooling the refrigerant, or a fan to send cool air for cooling the refrigerant. The condenser 6 may be a water-cooled type equipped with a pump, or an air-cooled type equipped with a fan, and its specific configuration is not limited.

[0024] The expansion valve 7 reduces the pressure of the medium-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing in from the condenser 6, and allows the low-temperature, low-pressure liquid refrigerant to flow out to the cooling unit 8 via the refrigerant pipe 9. A very small-diameter flow path is formed inside the expansion valve 7. Inside the expansion valve 7, as the refrigerant flows through this flow path, its flow velocity increases, and its pressure and temperature decrease.

[0025] In the cooling unit 8, the liquid refrigerant, which is low temperature and low pressure, flows in from the expansion valve 7 and exchanges heat with the air inside the cooling unit 8, thereby cooling the inside of the cooling unit 8. The gaseous refrigerant, which is low temperature and low pressure, then flows out again to the compressor 4 via the refrigerant pipes 9. At this time, the refrigerant pipes 9 that run from each cooling unit 8 to the compressor 4 are routed so that they merge with other refrigerant pipes 9 along the way to the compressor 4.

[0026] The refrigerant pipe 9 may be routed in a bent state in part in order to connect to the compressor 4, condenser 6, expansion valve 7, and cooling unit 8. In addition, the refrigerant pipe 9 is routed in a T-shape where it branches off from or merges with other refrigerant pipes 9.

[0027] This allows the refrigerant to be supplied to each of the multiple cooling devices 2 installed within the ship 1. The configuration of the refrigeration cycle 3 is not limited to the example described above. For example, if two types of refrigerants with different boiling points are used, the refrigeration cycle 3 may be configured as a binary refrigeration cycle, with a separate cycle for each type of refrigerant, connected by a cascade condenser.

[0028] Furthermore, the refrigerant pipes 9, which are routed from each cooling device 2, are consolidated in one location and routed in parallel throughout the ship.

[0029] Next, the configuration of the refrigerant pipe 9 and the insulation section 11 will be described based on Figure 3.

[0030] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a piping structure comprising a single refrigerant pipe and an insulating section. In Figure 3, the insulating section 11 is provided on the outside of the refrigerant pipe 9, which is piped inside the ship 1 and through which the refrigerant flows. The insulating section 11 insulates the inside of the refrigerant pipe 9 from the outside. The insulating section 11 is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the refrigerant pipe 9 and has multiple covering sections 12.

[0031] The covering portion 12 is composed of an insulating layer that covers at least a portion of the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe 9. The insulating portion 11 has an inner covering portion 12A and an outer covering portion 12B (referred to as "covering portion 12" as appropriate) as covering portions.

[0032] The covering portion 12 is attached to or wrapped around the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe 9. In Figure 3, the covering portion 12 is wrapped around the entire refrigerant pipe 9, but it may also be wrapped around only a part of the refrigerant pipe 9. The insulating material constituting the covering portion 12 is mainly made of closed-cell nitrile synthetic rubber and has enough flexibility to bend along the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe 9.

[0033] The inner covering portion 12A is an insulating layer that adheres closely to the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe 9 and covers the entire circumference of the outer surface.

[0034] The outer covering portion 12B is a heat insulating layer that adheres closely to the outer circumferential surface of the inner covering portion 12A and covers the entire circumference of the outer circumferential surface. The outer covering portion 12B is formed by overlapping the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical inner covering portion 12A.

[0035] Furthermore, the insulating material constituting the covering portion 12 is mainly composed of closed-cell nitrile synthetic rubber. Specifically, for example, the covering portion 12 is composed of closed-cell nitrile synthetic rubber with an apparent density of 45 kg / m³. ３ ) ~ 55 (kg / m ３ ) and the thermal conductivity is 0.034 (W / m·K) to 0.038 (W / m·K), and the moisture vapor permeability coefficient is 0.18 ng / (m ２ ・s・Pa)~0.19ng / (m ２・ It is made of the material of s・Pa). Due to the characteristics of this material, the covering part 12 has flexibility and heat insulation properties. Further, the covering part 12 may be a tubular heat insulating material, a heat insulating tape, a rubber sheet, or the like.

[0036] Next, a piping structure including parallel refrigerant pipes 9, 9 and a heat insulating part 11 will be described based on FIG. 4.

[0037] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a piping configuration including refrigerant pipes and a heat insulating part of parallel refrigerant pipes. In the piping structure of FIG. 4, the heat insulating part 11 is provided outside two parallel refrigerant pipes 9, 9. The heat insulating part 11 is mounted on the outer peripheral surface side of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 and has a plurality of covering parts 12.

[0038] The covering part 12 is a heat insulating layer that covers at least a part of the outer peripheral surface side of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9.

[0039] The inner covering parts 12A, 12A are heat insulating layers that are individually adhered to each outer peripheral surface of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 and cover the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface.

[0040] The outer peripheral surface of each side covering part 12A, 12A is circular in a cross-sectional view. Also, the outer peripheral surface of one inner covering part 12A contacts the outer peripheral surface of the other inner covering part 12A in a cross-sectional view.

[0041] In FIG. 4, in most parts except the contact portions between the inner covering parts 12A, 12A, the outer covering part 12B is formed by overlapping at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the tubular inner covering parts 12A, 12A.

[0042] More specifically, the outer covering part 12B integrally covers the outer peripheral surfaces of the inner covering parts 12A, 12A. The outer covering part 12B is adhered to the outer peripheral surface of the inner covering parts 12A, 12A, curves along the outer peripheral surface, and is in an 8-shaped lying horizontally in a cross-sectional view. Thereby, it is possible to prevent a gap from occurring between the inner covering part 12A and the outer covering part 12B, and condensation of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 is efficiently prevented.

[0043] Next, a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 5 and 6.

[0044] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a pipe structure according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a mode in which the pipe structure shown in FIG. 5 is provided near the peripheral wall. In the pipe structures of FIGS. 5 and 6, the heat insulating portion 11 is provided outside two refrigerant pipes 9, 9 arranged in parallel. The heat insulating portion 11 is mounted on the outer peripheral surface side of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 and has a plurality of covering portions 12 and a heat insulating member 13.

[0045] The covering portion 12 is a heat insulating layer that covers at least a part of the outer peripheral surface side of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9. The heat insulating portion 11 has an intermediate covering portion 12C and an outer covering portion 12B as covering portions.

[0046] The intermediate covering portion 12C is attached or wound around the outer peripheral surface side of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9.

[0047] The outer covering portion 12B is attached or wound around the outer peripheral surface side of the intermediate covering portion 12C. In FIG. 5, the outer covering portion 12B is wound around the entire intermediate covering portion 12C, but it may be wound around a part of the intermediate covering portion 12C.

[0048] The intermediate covering portion 12C is formed around the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 and is a heat insulating layer that collectively covers the periphery of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 as a single unit. The intermediate covering portion 12C adheres to the outer peripheral surface of a substantially semi-peripheral portion in a direction in which the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 are separated from each other in the parallel direction. Further, the intermediate covering portion 12C is cylindrical and is a heat insulating layer having an elliptical shape that is long in the left-right direction in a cross-sectional view. Here, in the illustrated example, the parallel direction is the left-right direction, which is referred to as the "left-right direction".

[0049] The outer covering portion 12B adheres to the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate covering portion 12C and covers the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface. The outer covering portion 12B is a heat insulating layer formed by overlapping the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate heat insulating layer 12C.

[0050] The heat insulating member 13 is a rectangular plate-like member that extends in a direction perpendicular to the parallel direction of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 in a cross-sectional view. Here, in FIG. 5, it is the up-down direction, which is referred to as the "up-down direction". The heat insulating member 13 is interposed between adjacent refrigerant pipes 9, 9. Further, the heat insulating member 13 is mainly composed of a closed-cell nitrile-based synthetic rubber and has a heat insulating property that is the same as or substantially the same as that of the heat insulating sheet constituting the above-described intermediate covering portion 12C.

[0051] The left and right sides of the heat insulating member 13 are in contact with the outer surfaces of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9, and the heat insulating member 13 is held between the refrigerant pipes 9, 9.

[0052] The heat insulating member 13 is interposed between the refrigerant pipes 9, 9. Therefore, even when there is a large gap between adjacent refrigerant pipes 9, 9 and it is difficult for the outer covering portion 12B to be in close contact with almost the entire circumference of the outer surface of the inner covering portion 12A, the gap between the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 is filled with the heat insulating member 13, and condensation on the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 is effectively prevented.

[0053] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 6, when the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 are routed in parallel near the circumferential wall 14 inside the ship 1, a portion of the outer covering portion 12B is attached to the circumferential wall 14 and wrapped around the outer surface of the intermediate covering portion 12C.

[0054] Even when the refrigerant pipe 9 is routed near the peripheral wall 14 and it is difficult to cover the entire circumference of the intermediate covering portion 12C with the outer covering portion 12B, the outer covering portion 12B is in close contact with the peripheral wall 14 and covers most of the area around the intermediate covering portion 12C, thus providing an effective heat insulation effect and preventing condensation on the refrigerant pipes 9, 9.

[0055] Furthermore, the outer surface of the outer covering portion 12B may be covered with another covering portion to increase the number of insulation layers. In other words, the insulation layers constituting the insulation portion 11 are not limited to two or three layers, but may have a multi-layer structure of more than two layers.

[0056] Next, a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described based on Figure 7.

[0057] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the piping structure of Figure 7, the heat insulating section 11 is provided on the outer surface of five refrigerant pipes 9,9,9,9,9 that are piped in parallel. The heat insulating section 11 has a cylindrical covering unit 16 that covers the refrigerant pipes 9,9,9,9,9 as a whole, and a heat insulating member 13. The heat insulating member 13 is interposed between adjacent refrigerant pipes 9,9,9,9,9 in a cross-sectional view within the cylindrical shape of the covering unit 16.

[0058] The covering unit 16 has covering covers 17 and 18. The covering covers 17 and 18 have a main body made of an insulating material and a cover that covers the outer surface of the main body. The shape of the covering cover 17 is a long U-shape in the parallel direction of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9, 9, 9, 9. The covering cover 18 covers the open portion of the U-shape of the covering cover 17. The ends of the covering covers 17 and 18 overlap to form an insulating layer.

[0059] Next, a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described based on Figure 8.

[0060] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the piping structure of Figure 8, the heat insulating section 11 is provided on the outer surface of two refrigerant pipes 9, 9 that are piped in parallel. The heat insulating section 11 is attached to the outer surface side of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 and has a plurality of covering sections 12 and a heat insulating member 13.

[0061] The covering portion 12 is an insulating layer that covers at least a portion of the outer surface of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9. The insulating portion 11 has an inner covering portion 12A and an outer covering portion 12B as the covering portion 12.

[0062] Each covering portion 12 is attached to or wrapped around the outer surface of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9.

[0063] The inner covering portions 12A, 12A are insulating layers that are individually in close contact with the outer surfaces of the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 and cover the entire circumference of those outer surfaces.

[0064] The outer covering portion 12B adheres closely to a part of the outer circumferential surface of the inner covering portions 12A, 12A and covers the periphery of the inner covering portions 12A, 12A as a single, integrated unit. The outer covering portion 12B adheres closely to approximately half of the outer circumferential surface of the inner insulation layers 12A, 12A, in the direction that separates them from each other in the left-right direction, and is a cylindrical insulation layer that has an elongated elliptical shape in cross-section in the left-right direction.

[0065] The left and right sides of the heat insulating member 13 are in contact with the outer circumferential surfaces of the inner covering portions 12A, 12A, and the heat insulating member 13 is sandwiched between the inner covering portions 12A, 12A.

[0066] With the piping structure for the cooling system inside a ship configured as described above, condensation on the refrigerant pipe 9 is efficiently prevented by the heat insulating section 11, which is attached to the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe 9 and has multiple heat insulating layers 12. Furthermore, if a problem occurs with the refrigerant pipe 9, the heat insulating section 11 attached to the refrigerant pipe 9 can be removed, thus providing high maintainability.

[0067] Next, a series of steps for a piping method for a cooling system 2 inside a ship 1, to which the present invention is applied, will be described based on Figure 9.

[0068] Figure 9 is a flow chart showing a piping method to which the present invention is applied. The piping method shown in Figure 9 comprises a piping step S1 and an insulation step S2.

[0069] The refrigerant pipes 9 are connected to a cooling device 2, which is a refrigerator or freezer installed inside the ship 1, and are routed through the ship 1 (piping process S1). After all the refrigerant pipes 9 have been routed, the process proceeds to the next insulation process S2.

[0070] In the piping process S1, an insulating portion 11 is provided on the outer surface side of the refrigerant pipe 9 (insulation process S2). The insulating portion 11 provided in the insulation process S2 is attached to the outer surface side of the refrigerant pipe 9 and has a plurality of covering portions 12.

[0071] Furthermore, the heat insulating portion 11 has a covering portion 12 that constitutes a single covering portion 12 and covers at least a part of the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe 9, or covers the periphery of a plurality of parallel refrigerant pipes 9 together. In the heat insulating process S2, an inner covering portion 12A that is in close contact with and covers the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe 9 is provided on the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe 9 to form a heat insulating layer. Subsequently, an outer covering portion 12B that is in close contact with and covers the outer surface of the inner covering portion 12A is provided on the outer surface of the inner covering portion 12A to form a heat insulating layer.

[0072] The insulation process S2 includes a winding process in which an insulating material is wrapped around the outer surface of the non-bent portion of the refrigerant pipe 9, and an application process in which insulating tape is attached to the outer surface of the bent portion of the refrigerant pipe 9 along the bent portion. As a result, the insulating portion 11 is provided in the bent portion of the refrigerant pipe 9.

[0073] When the insulation process S2 is completed, the series of processes is terminated.

[0074] Furthermore, if the heat insulation section 11 has a heat insulation member 13, the heat insulation step S2 includes an insertion step of inserting the heat insulation member 13 between a plurality of parallel refrigerant pipes 9, 9. The heat insulation member 13 may be a plate-shaped member, but if the spacing between the refrigerant pipes 9, 9 is small, a heat insulation material molded to be thinner than a plate-shaped member is used.

[0075] Furthermore, the heat insulation process S2 is not limited to cases where the heat insulation portion 11 is attached to, wrapped around, or inserted into the outer surface of the refrigerant pipe 9.

[0076] For example, the covering portions 12, 17, and 18 may be cylindrical members, the majority of which are made of a resilient and deformable heat insulating material such as urethane foam, and may be composed of a cover body that is separable in the circumferential direction and has a C-shape when cut along the axial and radial directions of the covering portions 12, 17, and 18 in cross-sectional view. A cover sheet that covers the entire circumferential direction may be provided on the outer surface of the cover body.

[0077] The cover body may be housed on the inner circumferential side of the refrigerant pipe 9 by separating its separation surfaces, allowing the refrigerant pipe 9 to be accommodated through the gap created by the separation, and then reconnecting the separation surfaces of the cover body integrally with an adhesive or the like. The cover body may be attached to the outer circumferential surface of the refrigerant pipe 9 in a configuration where multiple cover bodies are lined up in the axial direction of the refrigerant pipe 9, and adjacent cover bodies in the axial direction may be integrally connected with an adhesive or the like.

[0078] Since the cover body is elastically deformable, it can be applied to refrigerant pipes 9 composed of T-shaped pipes, and can cover the outer surface without gaps even with a shape like a T-shaped pipe. Furthermore, it is possible to attach another cover body to the outer surface of the cover body. Moreover, in the configuration shown in Figure 6, it is not essential that the separation surfaces of the cover body are simultaneously connected and fixed integrally by adhesive or the like.

[0079] Alternatively, a pair of half-shaped cover bodies, each having a C-shape in cross-section, may be connected and fixed to each other with their inner circumferential surfaces facing each other, thereby forming a circular annular thermal insulation layer 12, 17, 18 in cross-section.

[0080] Next, a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described based on Figures 10 and 11. Figure 10 is a schematic diagram showing the refrigeration cycle of a piping structure according to another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 11A is a cross-sectional view of a single-layer coating portion 136, and Figure 11B is a cross-sectional view of a double-layer coating portion 136.

[0081] Inside the ship 1, a cooling device 102 is installed, and a refrigerant is supplied to the cooling device 102, circulating and flowing through a refrigeration cycle 103.

[0082] The cooling system 102 comprises a compressor 104, a condenser 106, an expansion valve 107, and a cooling unit 108. The refrigerant circulates and flows in this order through piping connecting each component. The cooling system 102 has multiple cooling units 108. The direction in which the refrigerant flows out of the compressor 104 is referred to as upstream, and the direction in which the refrigerant flows into the compressor 104 is referred to as downstream.

[0083] The compressor 104 uses the same means as the compressor 4. The condenser 106 uses the same means as the condenser 6. The expansion valve 107 uses the same means as the expansion valve 7.

[0084] Cooling unit 108 is composed of an evaporator or heat exchanger, etc., similar to cooling unit 8. Cooling unit 108 includes cooling unit 108a, cooling unit 108b, cooling unit 108c, and cooling unit 108d. Cooling unit 108a is, for example, a fish hold, a facility for storing marine products caught on ship 1, and the temperature inside the fish hold is between -30 degrees and 0 degrees. Cooling unit 108b is, for example, a tank for chilled water, and the temperature inside the tank is between 0 degrees and 5 degrees. Cooling unit 108c is, for example, a tank for seawater, and the temperature inside the tank is between 0 degrees and 5 degrees. Cooling unit 108d is, for example, a freezing chamber, and the temperature inside the freezing chamber is between -20 degrees and -40 degrees.

[0085] The compressor 104 and the condenser 106 are connected by a first refrigerant pipe 120, and the refrigerant flows through the first refrigerant pipe 120.

[0086] The condenser 106 and the expansion valve 107 are connected via the first branch section 132 to the second refrigerant pipe 122 and the third refrigerant pipe 124. Specifically, the condenser 106 and the first branch section 132 are connected to the second refrigerant pipe 122, and the refrigerant flows through the second refrigerant pipe 122. The first branch section 132 and the expansion valve 107 are connected to the third refrigerant pipe 124, and the refrigerant flows through the third refrigerant pipe 124.

[0087] The expansion valve 107 and the cooling unit 108 are connected by a fourth refrigerant pipe 126, and the refrigerant flows through the fourth refrigerant pipe 126.

[0088] The cooling unit 108 and the compressor 104 are connected via the second branch section 134 by the fifth refrigerant pipe 128 and the sixth refrigerant pipe 130. Specifically, the cooling unit 108 and the second branch section 134 are connected by the fifth refrigerant pipe 128, and the refrigerant flows through the fifth refrigerant pipe 128. The second branch section 134 and the compressor 104 are connected by the sixth refrigerant pipe 130, and the refrigerant flows through the sixth refrigerant pipe 130.

[0089] Furthermore, the expansion valve 107 has expansion valves 107a, 107b, 107c, and 107d. The third refrigerant pipe 124 has third refrigerant pipes 124a, 124b, 124c, and 124d. The fourth refrigerant pipe 126 has fourth refrigerant pipes 126a, 126b, 126c, and 126d. The fifth refrigerant pipe 128 has fifth refrigerant pipes 128a, 128b, 128c, and 128d. The second branch section 134 has second branch section 134a, 134b, and 134c. The sixth refrigerant pipe 130 has sixth refrigerant pipes 130a, 130b, and 130c.

[0090] At the first branching point 132, the third refrigerant pipe 124 branches off. Specifically, the first branching point 132 and the expansion valve 107a are connected by the third refrigerant pipe 124a. The first branching point 132 and the expansion valve 107b are connected by the third refrigerant pipe 124b. The first branching point 132 and the expansion valve 107c are connected by the third refrigerant pipe 124c. The first branching point 132 and the expansion valve 107d are connected by the third refrigerant pipe 124d. In addition, the expansion valve 107a and the cooling unit 108a are connected by the fourth refrigerant pipe 126a. The expansion valve 107b and the cooling unit 108b are connected by the fourth refrigerant pipe 126b. The expansion valve 107c and the cooling unit 108c are connected by the fourth refrigerant pipe 126c. The expansion valve 107d and the cooling unit 108d are connected by the fourth refrigerant pipe 126d.

[0091] The cooling unit 108a and the compressor 104 are connected via the fifth refrigerant pipe 128a, the second branch section 134a, and the sixth refrigerant pipe 130a. The cooling unit 108b and the compressor 104 are connected via the fifth refrigerant pipe 128b, the second branch section 134b, the sixth refrigerant pipe 130b, the second branch section 134a, and the sixth refrigerant pipe 130a. The cooling unit 108c and the compressor 104 are connected via the fifth refrigerant pipe 128c, the second branch section 134c, the sixth refrigerant pipe 130c, the second branch section 134b, the sixth refrigerant pipe 130b, the second branch section 134a, and the sixth refrigerant pipe 130a. The cooling unit 108d and the compressor 104 are connected via the fifth refrigerant pipe 128d, the second branch 134c, the sixth refrigerant pipe 130c, the second branch 134b, the sixth refrigerant pipe 130b, the second branch 134a, and the sixth refrigerant pipe 130a.

[0092] The first refrigerant pipe 120 to the sixth refrigerant pipe 130 are made of steel and are the same as refrigerant pipe 9. The inner diameter of the first refrigerant pipe 120 is 20 mm to 65 mm, the inner diameter of the second refrigerant pipe 122 is 30 mm to 50 mm, the inner diameter of the third refrigerant pipe 124 is 20 mm to 40 mm, the inner diameter of the fourth refrigerant pipe 126 is 10 mm to 40 mm, the inner diameter of the fifth refrigerant pipe 128 is 20 mm to 65 mm, and the inner diameter of the sixth refrigerant pipe 130 is 65 mm to 100 mm.

[0093] A covering portion 136 is provided on the outer surface of each of the first refrigerant pipes 120 to the sixth refrigerant pipes 130. The covering portion 136 is made of the same material as the covering portion 12. Furthermore, a tubular insulating material is mainly used as the covering portion 136.

[0094] The covering portion 136 provided on the outer surface of the first refrigerant pipe 120, the second refrigerant pipe 122, and the sixth refrigerant pipe 130 is a single layer of heat insulating material. In this case, the thickness of the covering portion 136 is 20 mm to 35 mm.

[0095] A covering portion 136 is provided on a part of the outer surface of the third refrigerant pipe 124. The covering portion 136 is a single-layer heat insulating layer, and in this case, the thickness of the covering portion 136 is 20 mm to 35 mm. Here, the third refrigerant pipes 124a and 124d connected to the first branching portion 132 are connected to a liquid cooling section (not shown). The liquid cooling section and the expansion valve 107a are connected by the third refrigerant pipe 124a. The liquid cooling section and the expansion valve 107d are connected by the third refrigerant pipe 124d. The covering portion 136 is not provided on the outer surface of the third refrigerant pipe 124a between the first branching portion 132 and the liquid cooling section, nor on the outer surface of the third refrigerant pipe 124 between the first branching portion 132 and the liquid cooling section. On the other hand, a covering portion 136 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the third refrigerant pipe 124a between the expansion valve 107a and the liquid cooling section, and the third refrigerant pipe 124d between the expansion valve 107d and the liquid cooling section. Furthermore, the third refrigerant pipe 124b, which is connected to the first branch section 132, is connected to the expansion valve 107b, and the third refrigerant pipe 124c is connected to the expansion valve 107c. The outer circumferential surfaces of the third refrigerant pipes 124b and 124c are not provided with a covering portion 136.

[0096] The covering portion 136 provided on the outer surface of the fourth refrigerant pipe 126 is a one- or two-layer (inner covering portion 138, outer covering portion 140) insulating layer. Here, if the gap between one fourth refrigerant pipe 126 and another adjacent fourth refrigerant pipe 126 is 15 mm to 70 mm, then the covering portion 136 of one fourth refrigerant pipe 126 and the covering portion 136 of the other fourth refrigerant pipe 126 are one- or two-layer insulating layers. Furthermore, the sum of the thickness of the covering portion 136 of one fourth refrigerant pipe 126 and the thickness of the covering portion 136 of the other fourth refrigerant pipe 126 is less than or equal to the gap between one fourth refrigerant pipe 126 and the other fourth refrigerant pipe 126. Moreover, the covering portion 136 of the fourth refrigerant pipe 126 does not have to have the same number of insulating layers along its entire length. That is, part of the fourth refrigerant pipe 126 may have one layer of insulating layer, and other parts may have two layers of insulating layer. Furthermore, the aforementioned gap refers to the space between the outer circumference of one fourth refrigerant pipe 126 and the outer circumference of the other fourth refrigerant pipe 126 when neither of the outer circumferences of the first fourth refrigerant pipe 126 nor the adjacent fourth refrigerant pipe 126 is covered with a covering portion 136, and there is nothing between them. The same meaning applies to the outer circumference of one fifth refrigerant pipe 128 and the outer circumference of the other fifth refrigerant pipe 128, which will be described later.

[0097] For example, in adjacent fourth refrigerant pipes 126a and 126b, if the gap between the fourth refrigerant pipe 126a and 126b is 15 mm to 70 mm, then the covering portion 136 of the fourth refrigerant pipe 126a and the covering portion 136 of the fourth refrigerant pipe 126b are one or two layers of insulating material, and the sum of the thickness of the covering portion 136 of the fourth refrigerant pipe 126a and the thickness of the covering portion 136 of the fourth refrigerant pipe 126b is less than or equal to the gap between the fourth refrigerant pipe 126a and 126b.

[0098] Furthermore, if the gap between one fourth refrigerant pipe 126 and the adjacent fourth refrigerant pipe 126 is greater than 70 mm, the covering portion 136 of the first fourth refrigerant pipe 126 and the covering portion 136 of the other fourth refrigerant pipe 126 are a single layer of insulation. Also, the thickness of the covering portion 136 of the first fourth refrigerant pipe 126 and the thickness of the covering portion 136 of the other fourth refrigerant pipe 126 are 20 mm to 35 mm.

[0099] For example, if the gap between the fourth refrigerant pipe 126a and the fourth refrigerant pipe 126b is greater than 70 mm, the covering portion 136 of the fourth refrigerant pipe 126a and the covering portion 136 of the fourth refrigerant pipe 126b are a single layer of insulation, and the thickness of each covering portion 136 is 20 mm to 35 mm.

[0100] The covering portion 136 provided on the outer surface of the fifth refrigerant pipe 128 is a one- or two-layer (inner covering portion 138, outer covering portion 140) insulating layer. Here, if the gap between one fifth refrigerant pipe 128 and another adjacent fifth refrigerant pipe 128 is 15 mm to 70 mm, then the covering portion 136 of the first fifth refrigerant pipe 128 and the covering portion 136 of the other fifth refrigerant pipe 128 are one- or two-layer insulating layers. Furthermore, the sum of the thickness of the covering portion 136 of the first fifth refrigerant pipe 128 and the thickness of the covering portion 136 of the other fifth refrigerant pipe 128 is less than or equal to the gap between the first fifth refrigerant pipe 128 and the other fifth refrigerant pipe 128. Moreover, the covering portion 136 of the fifth refrigerant pipe 128 does not have to have the same number of insulating layers along its entire length. That is, part of the fifth refrigerant pipe 128 may have one layer of insulating layer, and other parts may have two layers of insulating layer.

[0101] For example, in adjacent fifth refrigerant pipes 128a and 128b, if the gap between fifth refrigerant pipe 128a and fifth refrigerant pipe 128b is 15 mm to 70 mm, then the covering portion 136 of fifth refrigerant pipe 128a and the covering portion 136 of fifth refrigerant pipe 128b are one or two layers of insulating material, and the sum of the thickness of the covering portion 136 of fifth refrigerant pipe 128a and the thickness of the covering portion 136 of fifth refrigerant pipe 128b is less than or equal to the gap between fourth refrigerant pipe 126a and fourth refrigerant pipe 126b.

[0102] Furthermore, if the gap between one fifth refrigerant pipe 128 and the adjacent fifth refrigerant pipe 128 is greater than 70 mm, the covering portion 136 of the first fifth refrigerant pipe 128 and the covering portion 136 of the other fifth refrigerant pipe 128 are a single layer of insulation. Also, the thickness of the covering portion 136 of the first fifth refrigerant pipe 128 and the thickness of the covering portion 136 of the other fifth refrigerant pipe 128 are 20 mm to 35 mm.

[0103] For example, if the gap between the fifth refrigerant pipe 128a and the fifth refrigerant pipe 128b is greater than 70 mm, the covering portion 136 of the fifth refrigerant pipe 128a and the covering portion 136 of the fifth refrigerant pipe 128b are a single layer of insulation, and the thickness of each covering portion 136 is 20 mm to 35 mm.

[0104] As described above, the covering portion 136 provided on the outer surface of the sixth refrigerant pipe 130 is a single-layer heat insulating layer, and the thickness of the covering portion 136 is 20 mm to 35 mm.

[0105] Next, the refrigeration cycle 103 of the cooling device 102 will be explained. As an example, the case where cooling is performed by the cooling unit 108a will be explained. The compressor 104 compresses the gaseous refrigerant, which is low temperature and low pressure, and discharges the high temperature and high pressure gaseous refrigerant to the condenser 106 via the first refrigerant pipe 120. The condenser 106 condenses and liquefies the high temperature and high pressure gaseous refrigerant, and discharges the medium temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant to the expansion valve 107a via the second refrigerant pipe 122, the first branch 132, and the third refrigerant pipe 124a. The expansion valve 107a reduces the pressure of the medium temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant, and discharges the low temperature and low pressure liquid refrigerant to the cooling unit 108a via the third refrigerant pipe 124a. The cooling unit 108a cools the seafood inside with a liquid refrigerant that is low temperature and low pressure, and the gaseous refrigerant, which is also low temperature and low pressure, flows back to the compressor 104 via the fifth refrigerant pipe 128a and the second branch section 134a.

[0106] According to the piping structure of the cooling device 102, by adjusting the thickness of the covering portion 136 considering the diameters of the first refrigerant pipes 120 to the sixth refrigerant pipes 130 and the gaps between adjacent first refrigerant pipes 120 to the sixth refrigerant pipes 130, it is possible to easily attach the covering portion 136 to the first refrigerant pipes 120 to the sixth refrigerant pipes 130 and efficiently prevent condensation on the first refrigerant pipes 120 to the sixth refrigerant pipes 130.

[0107] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various configurations can be adopted without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0108] The cooling unit 108 according to this embodiment had four cooling units, cooling units 108a to 108d, but is not limited to these combinations. For example, it may be a combination of a fish hold, a tank of chilled water, and a tank of seawater.

[0109] Furthermore, in the cooling device 102, the covering portion 136 of the first refrigerant pipe 120 to the sixth refrigerant pipe 130 was one or two layers, but it is not limited to these as long as ease of installation and efficient prevention of condensation can be achieved. For example, the covering portion may cover the refrigerant pipes in the manner shown in Figures 3 to 8.

[0110] 1. Ship 2. Cooling device 9. Refrigerant pipe 11. Insulation section 12. Covering section (insulation layer) 12A. Inner covering section (inner insulation layer, insulation layer) 12B. Outer covering section (outer insulation layer, insulation layer) 12C. Intermediate covering section (intermediate insulation layer, insulation layer) 13. Insulation member 16. Covering unit 17. First covering cover (covering cover, insulation layer) 18. Second covering cover (covering cover, insulation layer) 102. Cooling device 103. Refrigeration cycle 104. Compressor 106. Condenser 107. Expansion valve 108. Cooling unit 120. First refrigerant pipe 122. Second refrigerant pipe 124. Third refrigerant pipe 126. Fourth refrigerant pipe 128. Fifth refrigerant pipe 130. Sixth refrigerant pipe 132. First branch section 134. Second branch section 136. Covering section 138. Inner covering section 140. Outer covering part

Claims

1. A piping structure for a refrigerant circulating in a ship in the order of compressor, condenser, first branch, expansion valve, cooling unit, second branch, and the compressor, comprising: a first refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows from the compressor to the condenser; a second refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows from the condenser to the first branch; a third refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows from the first branch to the expansion valve; a fourth refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows from the expansion valve to the cooling unit; a fifth refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows from the cooling unit to the second branch; and a sixth refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows from the second branch to the compressor, wherein the inner diameter of the first refrigerant pipe is 20 mm to 65 mm; the inner diameter of the second refrigerant pipe is 30 mm to 50 mm; the inner diameter of the third refrigerant pipe is 20 mm to 40 mm; and the inner diameter of the fourth refrigerant pipe is 10 mm to 40 mm. The inner diameter of the fifth refrigerant pipe is 20 mm to 65 mm, the inner diameter of the sixth refrigerant pipe is 65 mm to 100 mm, the outer surfaces of the first refrigerant pipe, the second refrigerant pipe and the fourth to sixth refrigerant pipes are each provided with a covering portion, the covering portion of the first refrigerant pipe, the second refrigerant pipe and the sixth refrigerant pipe is one layer, and the thickness of the covering portion is 20 mm to 35 mm, a part of the third refrigerant pipe is provided with a covering portion, the thickness of the covering portion is 20 mm to 35 mm, when the gap between one fourth refrigerant pipe and another adjacent fourth refrigerant pipe is 15 mm to 70 mm, the covering portion of one fourth refrigerant pipe and the covering portion of another fourth refrigerant pipe are one or two layers, and the sum of the thickness of the covering portion of one fourth refrigerant pipe and the thickness of the covering portion of another fourth refrigerant pipe is less than or equal to the gap between one fourth refrigerant pipe and another adjacent fourth refrigerant pipe, If the gap between one of the fourth refrigerant pipes and the other adjacent fourth refrigerant pipe is greater than 70 mm, the covering portion of one of the fourth refrigerant pipes and the covering portion of the other fourth refrigerant pipe are one layer, and the thickness of the covering portion of one of the fourth refrigerant pipes and the thickness of the covering portion of the other fourth refrigerant pipe are 20 mm to 35 mm, If the gap between one of the fifth refrigerant pipes and the other adjacent fifth refrigerant pipe is 15 mm to 70 mm,The covering portion of one of the fifth refrigerant pipes and the covering portion of the other fifth refrigerant pipes are one or two layers thick, and the sum of the thickness of the covering portion of one of the fifth refrigerant pipes and the thickness of the covering portion of the other fifth refrigerant pipes is less than or equal to the gap between one of the fifth refrigerant pipes and the adjacent fifth refrigerant pipes. If the gap between one of the fifth refrigerant pipes and the adjacent fifth refrigerant pipes is greater than 70 mm, the covering portion of one of the fifth refrigerant pipes and the covering portion of the other fifth refrigerant pipes are one layer thick, and the thickness of the covering portion of one of the fifth refrigerant pipes and the thickness of the covering portion of the other fifth refrigerant pipes are 20 mm to 35 mm thick.

2. The piping structure according to claim 1, wherein the covering portion is a closed-cell nitrile synthetic rubber having an apparent density of 45 kg / m³. ３ ) ~ 55 (kg / m ３ ) and the thermal conductivity is 0.034 (W / m·K) to 0.038 (W / m·K), and the moisture vapor permeability coefficient is 0.18 ng / (m ２ ・s・Pa)~0.19ng / (m ２ A piping structure that is sPa.

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