Vehicle holding device based on suction mechanisms and method of obtention

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a holding device for securing an object to a vehicle interior. The device comprises a flexible layer (2) which includes a suction surface for holding the object. The suction surface has a plurality of pores that form cavities arranged as suction cups, which are compressed by the object placed upon the surface to generate negative pressure for holding. The present disclosure additionally includes active components for a holding device, comprising a vacuum chamber, to reduce the pressure in the pores of the flexible layer and, in this way, to increase the suction performance. The present disclosure also includes a method for obtaining the holding device. Uses of the holding device include serving as an object holder, in particular a smartphone, in a vehicle, and as an object holder and a charger (4), in particular a smartphone, in a vehicle.

Description

D E S C R I P T I O NVEHICLE HOLDING DEVICE BASED ON SUCTION MECHANISMS AND METHOD OF OBTENTIONTECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a holding device based on a suction mechanism for automotive interiors applications and method of obtention said holding device. The holding device includes a flexible elastomeric component to promote passive suction. The holding device may also include an active suction mechanism, namely by means of a vacuum chamber confining a partial vacuum.BACKGROUND

[0002] The automotive industry has been experiencing significant growth, with its market expected to reach around 6 billion USD by 2030. As a result, there is also a strong consumer demand for innovations that incorporate comfort, functionality, and sustainability. The development of smart features, such as integrated or interactive object holders, enhances the user experience and presents a key challenge for improving and evolving automotive interiors. In this context, the search for highly efficient and intuitive solutions is essential to enhance the interior's performance as a cohesive unit. Solutions aimed at dematerialization, sustainability, and the seamless and intuitive integration of functionalities are increasingly valued by the leading players in the industry, in line with consumer trends. Additionally, solutions that enhance the safety of vehicle occupants are a top priority for automotive manufacturers.

[0003] This context highlights the need to develop new solutions for holding objects in the vehicle's interior— specifically electronic devices— offering intuitive and highly efficient ways to ensure user comfort, usability, and safety. Current solutions rely on magnets or mechanical systems, which alter the aesthetics and functionality of the dashboard or central console and present several performance limitations, failing to guarantee efficient attachment of electronic devices and compromising user safety.

[0004] To address this issue, this invention introduces suction-based mechanisms. Suction systems are designed to secure objects to a surface through vacuummechanisms. Typically, these systems create negative pressure between the suction surface and the object, resulting in a suction force. This method of attachment is widely used in various industrial applications, particularly in collaborative robots on production lines, providing an efficient solution for handling and transporting objects of different sizes and shapes. By integrating suction cups1or pads2made of technical rubbers and other polymers, combined with pneumatic or electromechanical pumps that create the necessary vacuum effect to grip objects, these systems enable effective object manipulation.

[0005] In the study of Anastasia Koivikko et al.3, the system developed demonstrated a positive interaction with highly rough surfaces and highlighted the repeatability of the production process for suction cups. Another focus of this area of development is the integrated tool's ability to handle or secure parts with complex surfaces, such as convex or concave shapes, allowing the suction module to adjust or deform for safe and effective interaction with such objects. In this regard, various concepts related to flexible robotics have also emerged, offering great versatility and adaptability to materials and surface geometries. For example, developments by Festo4, inspired by biomimetic models, combine pneumatic systems with flexible materials and passive attachment structures. However, despite advancements in this area, current systems comprise large, unattractive solutions for application within automotive interiors.

[0006] The creation of passive suction has been explored in the literature through various structures, such as pillars or pores, exhibiting variations in shapes (hexagonal, cylindrical, square, conical) and sizes (width, height, or depth). Notably, many structures in the literature are nature-inspired, biomimicking designs found in certain animals5,6.1https: / / www.automate.org / blogs / is-a-vacuum-gripper-right-for-your-collaborative-robot-application2https: / / www.schmalz.com / en / vacuum-technology-for-automation / vacuum-gripping-systems / layer- gripping-systems / 3Anastasia Koivikko et al., "3D-Printed Pneumatically Controlled Soft Suction Cups for Gripping Fragile, Small, and Rough Objects", Advanced Intelligent Systems, https: / / doi.org / 10.1002 / aisy.2021000344https: / / www.pneumatictips.com / going-soft-on-grippers / 5Xue, L., Sanz, B., Luo, A., Turner, K. T., Wang, X., Tan, D., Zhang, R., Du, H., Steinhart, M., Mijangos, C., Guttmann, M., Kappl, M., del Campo, A. (2017). Hybrid Surface Patterns Mimicking the Design of the Adhesive Toe Pad of Tree Frog. ACS Nano, 11(10), 9711-9719.6Wang, L., Ha, K.-H., Qiao, S., & Lu, N. (2019). Suction effects of crater arrays. Extreme Mechanics Letters, 30, 100496.

[0007] Alongside the variety of geometries, several techniques are used to produce suction structures at micro and nano scales. Techniques such as photolithography, 3D printing, etching (colloidal lithography), and self-assembly stand out. Photolithography, for instance, is used to produce moulds for micro-suction cups, which are then cast into functional structures7. Colloidal lithography, a form of etching, is also used to produce smaller structures, with dimensions depending on the particle size used during the etching process. In one example, an adhesive inspired by octopus suction cups was created using casting in a mould obtained through colloidal lithography. Despite its benefits, colloidal lithography requires sophisticated equipment and techniques, which may pose challenges for industrialization8.

[0008] Additive manufacturing techniques, such as 3D printing, have also been explored for creating functional microstructures or moulds for casting functional structures. In the study of Yang et al.9, Immersed Surface Accumulation Based 3D printing technology was used to fabricate 3D microstructures with superhydrophobic properties.

[0009] Another crucial aspect of suction structure development involves material selection. Polymers with excellent air retention (high gas barrier properties and low permeability) offer better performance and longer durability, while flexible polymers are desirable for more versatile solutions that adapt to different surfaces. Polymers highlighted in the literature forthese applications include polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyurethane (PU), polystyrene, and polybutadiene.

[0010] In recent years, commercial suction solutions have emerged for securing objects, and they are often added to vehicle interiors for securing smartphones, for example. One such solution is AirStick™ Microsuction Tape10, which consists of a polymeric film7Kasi DG, de Graaf MNS, Motreuil-Ragot PA, Frimat J-PMS, Ferrari MD, Sarro PM, Mastrangeli M, van den Maagdenberg AMJM, Mummery CL, Orlova VV. Rapid Prototyping of Organ-on-a-Chip Devices Using Maskless Photolithography. Micromachines. 2022; 13(1):49. https: / / doi.org / 10.3390 / mil30100498Chen, Y. C., & Yang, H. (2017). Octopus-Inspired Assembly of Nanosucker Arrays for Dry / Wet Adhesion. ACS Nano, 11(6), 5332-5338. https: / / doi.org / 10.1021 / acsnano.7b008099Yang, Y., Li, X., Zheng, X., Chen, Z., Zhou, Q., & Chen, Y. (2018). 3D-Printed Biomimetic Super-Hydrophobic Structure for Microdroplet Manipulation and Oil / Water Separation. Advanced Materials, 30(9). https: / / doi.org / 10.1002 / adma.20170491210https: / / sewelldirect.com / products / airstick-microsuction-tapewith thousands of microscopic pores where partial vacuum is created between the film and the object's surface.

[0011] US 20140124556 Al discloses a holder for mounting a mobile electronic device to a vehicle which comprises a first suction device for being mounted to a smooth surface in the vehicle by a suction force, a second suction device for being mounted to a smooth surface on the mobile electronic device also by a suction force, and a linking member having a first end attached to the first suction device and a second end attached to the second suction device. Although the solution of US 20140124556 is based on suction mechanisms to hold mobile electronic devices inside the vehicle, it requires the installation of an additional device on the electronic device itself, making it a less practical and less integrated solution within the car.

[0012] US 20240344656 Al discloses an automatic holder for mobile phones with a rubber suction cup, air extraction and control circuit board. The solution of US 20240344656 Al also includes a rotary suction member with magnet ring to adjust the position of mobile device. The solution of US 20240344656 Al is only based on suction achieved by vacuum mechanisms.

[0013] These facts are disclosed in order to illustrate the technical problem addressed by the present disclosure.GENERAL DESCRIPTION

[0014] The present disclosure aims to solve the aforementioned problems by introducing an innovative, compact suction-based mechanism specifically designed for automotive interiors. Unlike existing solutions that either rely on bulky pneumatic or electromechanical systems or involve aesthetically disruptive magnet or mechanical fixtures, the proposed system combines an efficient, streamlined suction mechanism with materials optimized for durability, adaptability, and integration within vehicle interiors. This approach ensures a secure attachment of electronic devices while enhancing safety and preserving the structure integrity of the automotive interior. By addressing functional limitations of current solutions, this disclosure contributes to the development of advanced object-holding technologies for the automotive industry.

[0015] The present disclosure relates to a holding device for use in automotive interiors and method of obtention. The holding device is based on suction mechanisms and comprises a flexible layer with passive suction capability, wherein the suction surface is configured to conform to the object in order to create a negative pressure and / or conform the object in a friction-based adhesion to hold the object. In an embodiment, the suction surface is achieved by trapping air in surface-created pores, which are cavities arranged as suction cups. The holding device may also include an active system, namely a vacuum system to reduce pressure in the pores of the flexible layer, a support structure with a vacuum chamber to house the flexible layer, an air tubing, an air flow control valve, a pressure sensor, and control electronics for activating the vacuum pump. Vacuum pumps are devices commonly used to evacuate gas particles from a sealed or enclosed volume, resulting in a partial vacuum within that space. This process enables various applications requiring controlled low-pressure environments.

[0016] Passive suction involves creating suction through pressure differences between the surface of the object and its surrounding environment. In simple terms, when an object is placed on the suction cups, the surface of the suction cup adapts to the object's surface, creating a minimal volume (Vmin). When the object is removed, the volume between the two surfaces increases, leading to a decrease in pressure, which results in a partial vacuum and a suction effect. These suction cups increase the vertical removal force of the object compared to a single suction cup setup and, due to the material's properties, increase the coefficient of friction, preventing the object from easily sliding Off11'12.

[0017] No solutions have been found in the literature that combine passive suction systems at nano or micro sizes (suction cup effect) with active suction systems (vacuum creation through pneumatic or electromechanical mechanisms) for application in11Thanh-Vinh, N., Takahashi, H., Kan, T., Noda, K., Matsumoto, K., & Shimoyama, I. (2019). Micro / nano- suction cup structure of silicone rubber fabricated by ArF excimer laser. S / V Applied Sciences, 1(11). https: / / doi.org / 10.1007 / s42452-019-1371-x12Thanh-Vinh, N., & Shimoyama, I. (n.d.). MICROMETER-SIZED SUCTION CUP ARRAY WITH STRONG ADHESION TO WET SURFACE.automotive interiors, specifically for integrated, intuitive, efficient, and secure attachment of electronic devices.

[0018] An aspect of the present disclosure relates to a holding device for securing an object to a vehicle interior, comprising a flexible layer which comprises a suction surface for holding the object, wherein the suction surface is configured to conform to the object in order to create a negative pressure and / or conform the object in a frictionbased adhesion to hold the object.

[0019] In an embodiment, the holding device comprises a flexible layer which comprises a suction surface for holding the object, wherein the suction surface is configured to conform to the object in order to create a negative pressure and a friction-based adhesion to hold the object.

[0020] In an embodiment, the holding device comprises a flexible layer which comprises a suction surface for holding the object, wherein the suction surface comprises a plurality of pores which are cavities arranged as suction cups to be compressed by the object being placed upon said suction surface to generate negative pressure for holding the object.

[0021] In an embodiment, the pores are micro or nano-sized.

[0022] In an embodiment, the suction surface comprises additional pores, wherein the additional pores are through-holes and the holding device comprises a vacuum chamber for confining a partial vacuum between the chamber and the additional pores, wherein the vacuum chamber is arranged on a surface of the flexible layer opposite to the suction the layer.

[0023] In an embodiment, the flexible layer is selected from a list consisting of an elastomer, preferably selected from a list consisting of polydimethylsiloxane, silicone rubber, Styrene-Butadiene Rubber, Nitrile Butadiene Rubber, Isobutylene Isoprene Rubber, natural rubber, polyurethane and other synthetic rubbers or thermoplastic elastomers, and their combinations.

[0024] In an embodiment, the hardness of the flexible layer of the holding device ranges from 5 to 30 shore A, preferably from 8 to 20 shore A.

[0025] In an embodiment, the pores have a width of 0.2 to 1 mm, a depth of 0.2 to 15 mm, and wherein a distance between each pore of the plurality of pores and a nearest neighbouring pore is 1 to 3 mm.

[0026] In an embodiment, the total pores area (or suction area) is 2 - 47 cm2, more preferably 5 - 20 cm2. The total pores area is related to the surface of pores.

[0027] In an embodiment, the holding device of the present disclosure may further comprise a support for receiving said flexible layer; preferably wherein the support comprises a frame and a base, for holding the flexible layer between the frame and the base.

[0028] In an embodiment, the holding device of the present disclosure may further comprise a grid-like support structure for providing dimensional stability to the flexible component.

[0029] In an embodiment, the vacuum system, in particular a vacuum pump, has 40 mm or less in width, 60 mm or less in height, and 80 mm or less in length.

[0030] In an embodiment, the holding device of the present disclosure may comprise a vacuum system, preferably a vacuum pump, for obtaining the partial vacuum of the vacuum chamber.

[0031] In an embodiment, the holding device of the present disclosure may the vacuum system is a venturi vacuum generator, a positive displacement pump, a syringe pump, or a pneumatic piston.

[0032] In an embodiment, the holding device of the present disclosure may comprise an air tubing for conducting air flow between the vacuum pump and the vacuum chamber.

[0033] In an embodiment, the holding device of the present disclosure may comprise an airflow control valve for regulating the vacuum level inside the vacuum chamber.

[0034] In an embodiment, the holding device of the present disclosure may further comprise control electronics for controlling the vacuum system.

[0035] In an embodiment, the vacuum system, in particular a vacuum pump, has an airflow ranging from 2 to 10 L / min.

[0036] In an embodiment, the vacuum system induces a pressure from 0.03 to 0.05 MPa in the air tubing.

[0037] In an embodiment, the flexible layer comprises 0,2 to 5% (w / w) of an inorganic pigment.

[0038] In an embodiment, the holding device of the present disclosure may comprise an inductive charger unit placed inside or below the support assembly.

[0039] A vehicle comprising the holding device described in the present disclosure.

[0040] A method of obtaining a holding device described in the present disclosure, comprising the steps of: providing a mould having a negative geometry of the flexible layer; pouring or injecting a material into the mould while applying heat and / or pressure; and demoulding the flexible layer obtained from said mould.

[0041] In an embodiment, wherein the flexible layer is obtained by injection moulding.

[0042] In an embodiment, wherein the flexible layer is obtained by drop-casting, wherein the mould is cured in an oven, preferably from 40 °C to 100 °C for 10 minutes to 6 hours, in particular from 50 °C to 75 °C for 1 to 3 hours.

[0043] In an embodiment, the mould is obtained by 3D printing, in particular using thermoplastic powders or photosensitive resins.

[0044] In an embodiment, the mould dimensions are 30 to 100 mm in width, 30 to 100 mm in length, and 5 to 20 mm in height, in particular, 40 to 70 mm in width, 40 to 70 mm in length, and 5 to 10 mm in height.

[0045] In an embodiment, the mould further comprises a plurality of pillars for forming pores in the flexible layer.

[0046] In an embodiment, the pillars have a width from 0.2 to 1 mm, a height from 0.2 to 15 mm, and wherein the distance between each pillar of the plurality of pillars and a nearest neighbouring pillar is 1 to 3 mm.

[0047] In an embodiment, wherein the pillars of said mould are aligned or randomly distributed.

[0048] In an embodiment, the pillars comprise different geometries, such as circular, triangular, quadrangular, cross-shaped, among others.

[0049] Use of the holding device of the present disclosure as an object holder, in particular a smartphone, in a vehicle.

[0050] Use of the holding device of the present disclosure, as an object holder and a charger, in particular a smartphone, in a vehicle.

[0051] In an embodiment, the flexible layer may be manufactured using the dropcasting technique in moulds produced by 3D printing technologies that utilize thermoplastic powders (MJF, SLS, SAF) or photosensitive resins (SLA, DLP, Polyjet). Dropcasting involves depositing elastomeric resin into the mould cavity, followed by thermal curing of the resin to obtain the flexible elastomer.

[0052] In an embodiment, the flexible layer can also be made by injection moulding. Liquid silicone, for example, is injected into a mould under pressure and heat, where it cures into the mould form.

[0053] In an embodiment, active suction involves intentionally creating a vacuum using a mechanism that removes air from the space between the surface and the said mechanism, thereby reducing pressure. The active suction solution includes a flexible element similar to the passive system, with some pores perforating the material from base to top, and its integration with active systems. The flexible layer may be mounted on a support structure, which can, for example, be attached to the main structure of a smart table. The support structure features a vacuum chamber, that is connected to the vacuum mechanism and may include a support grid for the passive suction solution. Since the passive system requires a flexible material to ensure suction capability, dimensional stability is enhanced with the addition of a support grid. The grid-like structure in the vacuum chamber allows air flow, enabling the combination of passive and active solutions to create a vacuum at the surface in contact with electronic devices. Vacuum generator systems may include Venturi vacuum generators, syringe pumps, pneumatic pistons, or vacuum pumps. Additionally, an inductive charging unit can be integrated into the structure, creating a Smart Table with dual functionality.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] For an easier understanding, figures are herein attached, which represent preferred embodiments that are not intended to limit the object of the present description.

[0055] Figures 1A-1C show an example of flexible layer. Figure 1A shows the crosssection view; Figure IB shows the top view; and Figure 1C shows the top-tilted view. Figures 2A-2I show nine embodiments of pore geometries, dimensions, and distributions on the flexible layer. Figure 2A shows pores with triangular geometry, 1.2 mm height, 4.8 mm of distance; Figure 2B shows pores with triangular geometry, 1.2 mm height, 2.4 mm of distance; Figure 2C shows pores with circular geometry, 1.0 mm diameter, 1.2 mm height, 2.4 mm of distance; Figure 2D shows pores with circular geometry, 0.3 mm diameter, 1.2 mm height, 2.4 mm of distance; Figure 2E shows pores with circular geometry, 0.3 mm diameter, 1.2 mm height, 1.2 mm of distance; Figure 2F shows pores with circular geometry, 0.3 mm diameter, 0.2 mm height, 2.4 mm of distance; Figure 2G shows pores with circular geometry, 0.6 mm diameter, 1.2 mm height, 2.4 mm of distance; Figure 2H shows pores with circular geometry, 0.6 mm diameter, 1.2 mm height, 2.4 mm of distance, and not aligned pores; Figure 21 shows pores with cross geometry, 1.2 mm height, 2.4 mm of distance.

[0056] Figure 2 shows a representation of an active suction solution.

[0057] Figures 3A-3C shows an embodiment of the flexible layer for the active suction solution, wherein one can see depicted some additional pores which are through-holes. Figure 3A shows the cross-section view; Figure 3B shows the top view; and Figure 3C shows the top-tilted view.

[0058] Figure 4 shows an exploded view of an active suction solution, highlighting the main components, wherein:1. Represents the superior frame of the support component;2. Represents the flexible layer;3. Represents the base of the support component;4. Represents the inductive charger unit;5. Represents the vacuum system;6. Represents the air tubing;7. Represents the pressure sensor;8. Represents the control PCB.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The holding device for automotive interiors is based on suction mechanisms, providing a more integrated, efficient, and safe solution for users.

[0060] In an embodiment, the holding device includes a flexible layer with passive suction capability, achieved by trapping air in surface-created pores, thereby generating negative pressure to hold the object securely. This holding effect results from the interaction between the flexible material and the number, shape, and distribution of pores, which collectively create negative pressure between a suction surface and the secured object. The passive suction capability of the present disclosure as described allows to secure an object without the need of additional fastening mechanisms.

[0061] Furthermore, in an embodiment, the innovative structure of the present disclosure leverages, in particular, micro or nano sized pores in a flexible component with a unique pore structure to create a negative pressure environment, allowing for the secure attachment of objects.

[0062] In an embodiment, the material of the flexible layer is an elastomer selected from a list including polydimethylsiloxane, silicone rubber, Styrene-Butadiene Rubber, Nitrile Butadiene Rubber, Isobutylene Isoprene Rubber, natural rubber, polyurethane and other synthetic rubbers or thermoplastic elastomers.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the mould dimensions range from 40 to 70 mm in width, 40 to 70 mm in length, and 5 to 10 mm in height. These dimensions ensure good suction performance while offering versatility for different electronic devices.

[0064] In an embodiment, the mould contains pillars, which may have different geometries namely circular, triangular, quadrangular, cross-shaped, among others.

[0065] In an embodiment, the pillars may be aligned or randomly distributed.

[0066] In an embodiment, after curing, the elastomeric material is demoulded, and the flexible layer obtained has the negative geometry of the mould, forming vacuum pores. Examples of geometry for the flexible layer are shown in Figure 1.

[0067] In an embodiment, the elastomeric material has hardness ranging from 5 to 30 shore A, preferably from 8 to 20 shore A. This hardness values allow to enhance the suction performance as the material conforms to the object to create a negative pressure and a friction-based adhesion to hold the object. Along this description, it isconsidered that the hardness is determined using a Zwick / Roell Shore A durometer, applying a load of 12.5 N in accordance with ISO 7619-1:2010 - Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic - Determination of indentation hardness.

[0068] In an embodiment, the elastomeric material has been tested and validated according to some standard methods defined for automotive interior applications: ODOUR PV 3900: 2000-08 (Variant B3) VDA 270: 1992-10, AESTHETICS SURFACES - cleaning agents, solutions and oils PF.90131 §5.3.1, AESTHETICS SURFACES - mar resistance PF.90131 §5.2.1LP-463DD-18-02 - Method B, AESTHETICS SURFACES -XENON TEST, FOGGING, FLAMMABILITY, ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS - Heat Aging Test, Thermal Cycle Resistance Test, Humidity Aging Test, Cold temperature Test.

[0069] The present disclosure also describes active components for a holding device. The active solution is based on a vacuum system and complementary components to reduce the pressure in the pores of the flexible layer and, in this way, to increase the suction performance.

[0070] In an embodiment, the flexible layer, in particular a flexible elastomeric layer, has been tested according to acceleration trials - in Z, X and Y directions - to assess its suction performance. The performance was validated for trials with an acceleration of 5 g in Z direction and for trials with an acceleration of 40 g in X and Y directions.

[0071] According to the requirements, the acceleration in the X or Y direction is 40 g, equivalent to 392.4 m / s2. The acceleration force (FA) is given by the formula FA = m x a, where m is the mass (in g) of the electronic device to be held, and a is the above- mentioned acceleration (in m / s2). Considering the electronic device may have a mass between 150 and 300 g, the acceleration force can range between 58.9 and 117.7 N.

[0072] To hold the object, it is needed that FA< (Fg+ FVAC) X p, where Fgis the gravitational force (value equal to 9.81 N), FVACis the vacuum force (in N) needed to hold the object, and p is the coefficient of friction (dimensionless) of the flexible material. Moreover, FA= (Patm— PyAc) x A, where Patmis the atmospheric pressure (in N / cm2), PVACis the vacuum pressure in the system (in N / cm2), and A is the total vacuum area (in cm2), i.e., the sum of the area of all pores on the flexible surface.

[0073] In the worst-case scenario, a low coefficient of friction of 0.5 and a high acceleration force of 117.7 N (corresponding to an object mass of 300 g) are considered,where the required vacuum force would be superior to 232.5 N. In this worst-case scenario, the achievable vacuum pressure is 5 N / cm2, so the total suction area required to keep the object fixed is about 46.5 cm2.

[0074] In the best-case scenario, a high coefficient of friction of 3 and a low acceleration force of 58.9 N (corresponding to an object mass of 150 g) are considered, where the required vacuum force would be superior to 18.1 N. In this best-case scenario, the achievable vacuum pressure is 1.67 N / cm2, so the total suction area required to keep the object fixed is about 2.2 cm2.

[0075] In an embodiment, the holding device includes a support with a vacuum chamber to house the flexible layer, a vacuum mechanism (preferably a vacuum pump), an air tubing, airflow control valve, pressure sensor, and control electronics for activating the vacuum device. A representation of the active solution is illustrated in Figure 2.

[0076] In an embodiment, the active suction solution involves obtaining a flexible layer similar to the one described in the passive system, but some of the pores are through- holes, i.e., pores perforating from the base to the top of the flexible layer, and its integration with active systems. An example of a flexible layer for active solution is shown in Figure 3.

[0077] In an embodiment, the flexible layer is mounted on a support, which can be attached to a main structure of the smart table. The support structure features a vacuum chamber, that is connected to the vacuum pump and includes a support grid for the passive suction solution. Since the passive system requires a flexible material to ensure suction capability, dimensional stability is enhanced with the addition of a support grid. The grid-like structure in the vacuum chamber was chosen to allow air flow, enabling the combination of passive and active solutions to create a vacuum at the surface in contact with electronic devices. The key components and layout of the active solution are illustrated in Figure 4. Following the vacuum chamber, the tubing and pneumatic system are in place to generate suction. Additionally, an inductive charging unit can be integrated into the structure, creating a Smart Table with dual functionality. The key components and layout of the active solution including the inductive charging unit are illustrated in Figure 5.

[0078] In an embodiment, the support structure with a vacuum chamber to house the flexible elastomeric component is produced by 3D printing technologies that use photosensitive resins (SLA, DLP, Polyjet). 3D printing technologies based on resins are more suitable for print materials where air impermeability is required. In the present disclosure this is required to maintain the low pressure.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment, the vacuum system may comprise a vacuum pump, preferably a vacuum pump, with an operating voltage of 12 V, complying with the specifications for automotive electric components.

[0080] In a preferred embodiment, the vacuum pump allows to achieve a pressure from 300 to 500 mbar into the pipeline system. This is the required pressure to achieve an active suction to hold electronic devices under acceleration up to 40 g.

[0081] In an embodiment, the flexible layer, in particular a flexible elastomeric layer, has been tested according to acceleration trials - in Z, X and Y directions - to assess its suction performance. The performance was validated for trials with an acceleration of 5 g in Z direction and for trials with an acceleration of 40 g in X and Y directions.

[0082] An aspect of the present disclosure relates to a holding device for securing an object to a vehicle interior, comprising a flexible layer which comprises a suction surface for holding the object, wherein the suction surface is configured to conform to the object in order to create a negative pressure and / or conform the object in a frictionbased adhesion to hold the object.

[0083] In an embodiment, the holding device comprises a flexible layer which comprises a suction surface for holding the object, wherein the suction surface is configured to conform to the object in order to create a negative pressure and a friction-based adhesion to hold the object, for better results.

[0084] In an embodiment, the holding device comprises a flexible layer which comprises a suction surface for holding the object, wherein the suction surface comprises a plurality of pores which are cavities arranged as suction cups to be compressed by the object being placed upon said suction surface to generate negative pressure for holding the object, for even better results.

[0085] In an embodiment, the pores of the flexible layer are micro or nano-sized, for better results.

[0086] In a further embodiment the suction surface comprises additional pores, wherein the additional pores are through-holes and the holding device comprises a vacuum chamber for confining a partial vacuum between the chamber and the additional pores, wherein the vacuum chamber is arranged on a surface of the flexible layer opposite to the suction the layer, for better results.

[0087] In an embodiment, the flexible layer is selected from a list consisting of an elastomer, preferably selected from a list consisting of polydimethylsiloxane, silicone rubber, Styrene-Butadiene Rubber, Nitrile Butadiene Rubber, Isobutylene Isoprene Rubber, natural rubber, polyurethane and other synthetic rubbers or thermoplastic elastomers, and their combinations, for better results.

[0088] In an embodiment, the holding device further comprises a vacuum system, preferably a vacuum pump, for obtaining the partial vacuum of the vacuum chamber, for better results.

[0089] In an embodiment, the vacuum system is a venturi vacuum generator, a positive displacement pump, a syringe pump, or a pneumatic piston, for better results.

[0090] In an embodiment, the holding device comprises air tubing for conducting air flow between the vacuum system and the vacuum chamber, for better results.

[0091] In an embodiment, the hardness of the flexible layer of the holding device ranges from 5 to 30 shore A, preferably from 8 to 20 shore A, for better results.

[0092] In an embodiment, the pores have a width of 0.2 to 1 mm, a depth of 0.2 to 15 mm, and wherein a distance between each pore of the plurality of pores and a nearest neighbouring pore is 1 to 3 mm, for better results.

[0093] In an embodiment, the flexible layer has 30 to 100 mm in width, 30 to 100 mm in length, and 5 to 20 mm in height, in particular, 40 to 70 mm in width, 40 to 70 mm in length, and 5 to 10 mm in height, for better results.

[0094] In an embodiment, a total suction area (pores area) is 2 - 47 cm2, more preferably 5 - 20 cm2. The suction area refers to the designated surface of the pores of holding device of the present disclosure, for better results. This suction area facilitates the creation of a vacuum or low-pressure zone, enabling the device to adhere securely.

[0095] In an embodiment, the holding device further comprises a support for receiving said flexible layer; preferably wherein the support comprises a frame and a base, for holding the flexible layer between the frame and the base.

[0096] In an embodiment, the holding device comprises a grid-like support structure for providing dimensional stability to the flexible component.

[0097] In an embodiment, the holding device further comprises an inductive charger unit placed inside the support, for better results.

[0098] In an embodiment, the vacuum system has 40 mm or less in width, 60 mm or less in height, and 80 mm or less in length, for better results.

[0099] In an embodiment, the holding device further comprises an airflow control valve for regulating the vacuum level inside the vacuum chamber, for better results.

[0100] In an embodiment, the holding device further comprises control electronics for controlling the vacuum system.

[0101] In an embodiment, the vacuum system has an airflow ranging from 2 to 10 L / min, for better results.

[0102] In an embodiment, the vacuum system induces a pressure from 0.03 to 0.05 MPa in the air tubing, for better results.

[0103] In an embodiment, the flexible layer comprises 0,2 to 5% (w / w) of an inorganic pigment, for better results.

[0104] Another aspect of the present disclosure related to a vehicle comprising the holding device.

[0105] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method of obtaining a holding device comprising the steps of: providing a mould having a negative geometry of the flexible layer; pouring or injecting a material into the mould while applying heat and / or pressure; and demoulding the flexible layer obtained from said mould.In an embodiment, the flexible layer is obtained by injection moulding.In an embodiment, the flexible layer is obtained by drop-casting, wherein the mould is cured in an oven, preferably from 40 °C to 100 °C for 10 minutes to 6 hours, in particular from 50 °C to 75 °C for 1 to 3 hours.

[0106] In an embodiment, the mould is obtained by 3D printing, in particular using thermoplastic powders or photosensitive resins, for better results.

[0107] In an embodiment, the mould dimensions are 30 to 100 mm in width, 30 to 100 mm in length, and 5 to 20 mm in height; in particular, 40 to 70 mm in width, 40 to 70 mm in length, and 5 to 10 mm in height, for better results.

[0108] In an embodiment, the mould further comprises a plurality of pillars for forming pores in the flexible layer, for better results.

[0109] In an embodiment, the pillars have a width from 0.2 to 1 mm, a height from 0.2 to 15 mm, and wherein the distance between each pillar of the plurality of pillars and a nearest neighbouring pillar is 1 to 3 mm, for better results.

[0110] In an embodiment, the pillars of the mould are aligned or randomly distributed, for better results.

[0111] In an embodiment, the pillars comprise different geometries, such as circular, triangular, quadrangular, cross-shaped, among others, for better results.

[0112] Furthermore, it is to be understood that the present disclosure encompasses all variations, combinations, and permutations in which one or more limitations, elements, clauses, descriptive terms, etc., from one or more of the claims or from relevant portions of the description is introduced into another claim. For example, any claim that is dependent on another claim can be modified to include one or more limitations found in any other claim that is dependent on the same base claim.

[0113] Furthermore, where the claims recite a composition, it is to be understood that methods of using the composition for any of the purposes disclosed herein are included, and methods of making the composition according to any of the methods of making disclosed herein or other methods known in the art are included, unless otherwise indicated or unless it would be evident to one of ordinary skill in the art that a contradiction or inconsistency would arise.

[0114] Where ranges are given, endpoints are included. Furthermore, it is to be understood that unless otherwise indicated or otherwise evident from the context and / or the understanding of one of ordinary skill in the art, values that are expressed as ranges can assume any specific value within the stated ranges in different embodiments of the invention, to the tenth of the unit of the lower limit of the range, unless thecontext clearly dictates otherwise. It is also to be understood that unless otherwise indicated or otherwise evident from the context and / or the understanding of one of ordinary skill in the art, values expressed as ranges can assume any subrange within the given range, wherein the endpoints of the subrange are expressed to the same degree of accuracy as the tenth of the unit of the lower limit of the range.

[0115] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to the use of the holding device as an object holder, in particular a smartphone, in a vehicle.

[0116] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to the use of the holding as an object holder and a charger, in particular a smartphone, in a vehicle.

[0117] The term "comprising" whenever used in this document is intended to indicate the presence of stated features, integers, steps, components, but not to preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, components or groups thereof.

[0118] Where ranges are given, endpoints are included. Furthermore, it is to be understood that unless otherwise indicated or otherwise evident from the context and / or the understanding of one of ordinary skill in the art, values that are expressed as ranges can assume any specific value within the stated ranges in different embodiments of the invention, to the tenth of the unit of the lower limit of the range, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise

[0119] The disclosure should not be seen in any way restricted to the embodiments described and a person with ordinary skill in the art will foresee many possibilities to modifications thereof. The above-described embodiments are combinable.

[0120] The following dependent claims further set out particular embodiments of the disclosure.

Claims

C L A I M S1. A holding device for securing an object to a vehicle interior, comprising a flexible layer which comprises a suction surface for holding the object, wherein the suction surface is configured to conform to the object in order to create a negative pressure and / or conform the object in a friction-based adhesion to hold the object.

2. The holding device according to the previous claim 1, comprising a flexible layer which comprises a suction surface for holding the object, wherein the suction surface is configured to conform to the object in order to create a negative pressure and a friction-based adhesion to hold the object.

3. The holding device according to the previous claim 1, comprising a flexible layer which comprises a suction surface for holding the object, wherein the suction surface comprises a plurality of pores which are cavities arranged as suction cups to be compressed by the object being placed upon said suction surface to generate negative pressure for holding the object.

4. The holding device according to the previous claim, wherein the pores are micro or nano-sized.

5. The holding device according to any of the previous claims, wherein the suction surface comprises additional pores, wherein the additional pores are through-holes and the holding device comprises a vacuum chamber for confining a partial vacuum between the chamber and the additional pores, wherein the vacuum chamber is arranged on a surface of the flexible layer opposite to the suction the layer.

6. The holding device according to any of the previous claims, wherein the flexible layer is an elastomer, preferably selected from a list consisting of polydimethylsiloxane, silicone rubber, Styrene-Butadiene Rubber, Nitrile Butadiene Rubber, Isobutylene Isoprene Rubber, natural rubber, polyurethane and other synthetic rubbers or thermoplastic elastomers, and their combinations.

7. The holding device according to any of the previous claims, wherein the hardness of the flexible layer ranges from 5 to 30 shore A, preferably from 8 to 20 shore A.

8. The holding device according to any of the previous claims 3 to 7, wherein the pores have a width of 0.2 to 1 mm, a depth of 0.2 to 15 mm, and wherein a distance between each pore of the plurality of pores and a nearest neighbouring pore is 1 to 3 mm.

9. The holding device according to any of the previous claims, wherein the flexible layer has from 30 to 100 mm in width, from 30 to 100 mm in length, and from 5 to 20 mm in height in particular, from 40 to 70 mm in width, from 40 to 70 mm in length, and from 5 to 10 mm in height.

10. The holding device according to any of the previous claims, wherein a total suction area (pores area) ranges from is 2 - 47 cm2, more preferably 5 - 20 cm2.

11. The holding device according to any of the previous claims 5 to 10, comprising a vacuum system, preferably a vacuum pump, for obtaining the partial vacuum of the vacuum chamber.

12. The holding device according to the previous claim, wherein the vacuum system is a venturi vacuum generator, a positive displacement pump, a syringe pump, or a pneumatic piston.

13. The holding device according to claim 11 or 12 comprising air tubing for conducting air flow between the vacuum system and the vacuum chamber.

14. The holding device according to the any of the previous claims, further comprising a support for receiving said flexible layer, preferably wherein the support comprises a frame and a base, for holding the flexible layer between the frame and the base.

15. The holding device according to claim 14, further comprising an inductive charger unit placed inside or below the support.

16. The holding device according to any of the claims 12 to 15 wherein the vacuum system has 40 mm or less in width, 60 mm or less in height, and 80 mm or less in length.

17. The holding device according to any of the claims 11 to 16 further comprising an airflow control valve for regulating the vacuum level inside the vacuum chamber.

18. The holding device according to any of the claims 11 to 17 further comprising control electronics for controlling the vacuum system.

19. The holding device according to any of the claims 11 to 18 wherein the vacuum system has an airflow ranging from 2 to 10 L / min.

20. The holding device according to any of the claims 11 to 19 wherein the vacuum system induces a pressure from 0.03 to 0.05 MPa in the air tubing.

21. The holding device according to any of the previous claims, wherein the flexible layer comprises 0,2 to 5% (w / w) of an inorganic pigment.

22. A vehicle comprising the holding device according to any of the previous claims.

23. A method of obtaining a holding device of any of the previous claims, comprising the steps of:

24. providing a mould having a negative geometry of the flexible layer;25. pouring or injecting a material into the mould while applying heat and / or pressure; and26. demoulding the flexible layer obtained from said mould.

27. The method according to claim 23, wherein the flexible layer is obtained by injection moulding.

28. The method according to claim 23, wherein the flexible layer is obtained by dropcasting, wherein the mould is cured in an oven, preferably from 40 °C to 100 °C for 10 minutes to 6 hours, in particular from 50 °C to 75 °C for 1 to 3 hours.

29. The method according to claim 25, wherein the mould is obtained by 3D printing, in particular using thermoplastic powders or photosensitive resins.

30. The method according to any of the claims 23 to 26, wherein the mould dimensions are 30 to 100 mm in width, 30 to 100 mm in length, and 5 to 20 mm in height, in particular, 40 to 70 mm in width, 40 to 70 mm in length, and 5 to 10 mm in height.

31. The method according to any of the claims 23 to 27, wherein the mould further comprises a plurality of pillars for forming pores in the flexible layer.

32. The method according to claim 28 wherein the pillars have a width from 0.2 to 1 mm, a height from 0.2 to 15 mm, and wherein the distance between each pillar of the plurality of pillars and a nearest neighbouring pillar is 1 to 3 mm.

33. The method according to claim 28 or claim 29, wherein the pillars of said mould are aligned or randomly distributed.

34. The method according to any of the claims 28 to 30, wherein the pillars comprise different geometries, such as circular, triangular, quadrangular, cross-shaped, among others.

35. Use of the holding device according to any of the claims 1 to 21 as an object holder, in particular a smartphone, in a vehicle.

36. Use of the holding device according to claim 15, as an object holder and a charger, in particular a smartphone, in a vehicle.

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