Devices, methods and computer readable medium for communication
By determining and transmitting SFS information for AIoT device transmissions, the solution addresses interference issues in AIoT systems, enabling efficient FDM and reducing carrier wave interference.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NEC CORP
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-21
AI Technical Summary
There is a need to study how to indicate Small Frequency Shifts (SFS) for Frequency-Division Multiplexing (FDM) among multiple transmissions from Ambient Internet of Thing (AIoT) devices to a reader to avoid high interference from carrier waves.
A first device determines a bitwidth for information related to an SFS and transmits control information to a second device for its transmission, allowing the second device to perform the transmission based on the SFS, thereby achieving FDM among multiple device-to-reader (D2R) transmissions and reducing interference.
This approach enables effective Frequency-Division Multiplexing among multiple D2R transmissions, minimizing interference from carrier waves and improving communication efficiency in AIoT systems.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024132116_21052026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DEVICES, METHODS AND COMPUTER READABLE MEDIUM FOR COMMUNICATIONTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of telecommunication, and in particular, to devices, methods and computer readable medium for communication.BACKGROUND
[0002] Ambient Internet of Thing (AIoT) aims to inventory use case where one or more readers perform an inventory procedure among one or more nearby AIoT devices. Small frequency offset (SFS) may be proposed for Frequency-Division Multiplexing (FDM) among multiple transmissions from AIoT devices to a reader and for avoiding high interference from carrier wave. Thus, there is a need to study how to indicate the SFS to an AIoT device.SUMMARY
[0003] In general, example embodiments of the present disclosure provide devices, methods and computer readable medium for communication.
[0004] In a first aspect, there is provided a first device. The first device comprises at least one processor. The at least one processor is configured to cause the first device to: determine a bitwidth for information related to an SFS for transmission from a second device to the first device; transmit, to the second device, control information for the transmission from the second device to the first device, wherein the control information comprises at least the information related to the SFS; and receive the transmission based on the information related to the SFS or the SFS.
[0005] In a second aspect, there is provided a second device. The second device comprises at least one processor. The at least one processor is configured to cause the second device to: receive, from the first device, control information for transmission from the second device to the first device, wherein the control information comprises at least information related to an SFS for the transmission; and perform the transmission based on the information related to the SFS.
[0006] In a third aspect, there is provided a method for communication. The method comprises: determining a bitwidth for information related to an SFS for transmission from a second device to the first device; transmitting, to the second device, control information for the transmission from the second device to the first device, wherein the control information comprises at least the information related to the SFS; and receiving the transmission based on the information related to the SFS or the SFS.
[0007] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a method for communication. The method comprises: receiving, from the first device, control information for transmission from the second device to the first device, wherein the control information comprises at least information related to an SFS for the transmission; and performing the transmission based on the information related to the SFS.
[0008] In a fifth aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon. The instructions, when executed on at least one processor of a device, cause the device to perform the method according to the third or fourth aspect.
[0009] It is to be understood that the summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] Through the more detailed description of some embodiments of the present disclosure in the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent, wherein:
[0011] Fig. 1 illustrates an example communication system in which implementations of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0012] Fig. 2 illustrates another example communication system in which embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0013] Fig. 3A illustrates a further example communication system in which embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0014] Fig. 3B illustrates a still further example communication system in which embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0015] Fig. 4 illustrates an example of an SFS in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0016] Fig. 5 illustrates an example of chips in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0017] Fig. 6 illustrates a signaling diagram illustrating an example process in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0018] Figs. 7A and 7B illustrate an example of association between a bandwidth for D2R transmission and an SFS in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, respectively;
[0019] Fig. 8A illustrates an example of a minimum SFS with respect to a tone of a carrier wave and a minimum gap in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0020] Fig. 8B illustrates an example of subchannels or channel subsets in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0021] Fig. 9 illustrates an example of a two-tone carrier wave in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0022] Fig. 10A illustrates an example of double-side band signal occupation in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0023] Fig. 10B illustrates an example of single-side band signal occupation in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0024] Fig. 10C illustrates an example of association between a bandwidth for D2R transmission and an SFS in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0025] Fig. 11 illustrates a flowchart of an example method in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0026] Fig. 12 illustrates a flowchart of an example method in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0027] Fig. 13 is a simplified block diagram of a device that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0028] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] Principle of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitations as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0030] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0031] As used herein, the term “terminal device” refers to any device having wireless or wired communication capabilities. Examples of the terminal device include, but not limited to, user equipment (UE) , personal computers, desktops, mobile phones, cellular phones, smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) , portable computers, tablets, wearable devices, internet of things (IoT) devices, Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC) devices, Internet of Everything (IoE) devices, machine type communication (MTC) devices, device on vehicle for V2X communication where X means pedestrian, vehicle, or infrastructure / network, devices for Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) , Small Data Transmission (SDT) , mobility, Multicast and Broadcast Services (MBS) , positioning, dynamic / flexible duplex in commercial networks, reduced capability (RedCap) , Space borne vehicles or Air borne vehicles in Non-terrestrial networks (NTN) including Satellites and High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) encompassing Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) , eXtended Reality (XR) devices including different types of realities such as Augmented Reality (AR) , Mixed Reality (MR) and Virtual Reality (VR) , the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) commonly known as a drone which is an aircraft without any human pilot, devices on high speed train (HST) , or image capture devices such as digital cameras, sensors, gaming devices, music storage and playback appliances, or Internet appliances enabling wireless or wired Internet access and browsing and the like. The ‘terminal device’ can further has ‘multicast / broadcast’ feature, to support public safety and mission critical, V2X applications, transparent IPv4 / IPv6 multicast delivery, IPTV, smart TV, radio services, software delivery over wireless, group communications and IoT applications. It may also incorporate one or multiple Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) as known as Multi-SIM. The term “terminal device” can be used interchangeably with a UE, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile terminal, a user terminal or a wireless device.
[0032] The term “network device” refers to a device which is capable of providing or hosting a cell or coverage where terminal devices can communicate. Examples of a network device include, but not limited to, a Node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a next generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission reception point (TRP) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio head (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , an IAB node, a low power node such as a femto node, a pico node, a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) , Network-controlled Repeaters, and the like.
[0033] The terminal device or the network device may have Artificial intelligence (AI) or Machine learning capability. It generally includes a model which has been trained from numerous collected data for a specific function, and can be used to predict some information.
[0034] The terminal or the network device may work on several frequency ranges, e.g. FR1 (410 MHz –7125 MHz) , FR2 (24.25GHz to 71GHz) , frequency band larger than 100GHz as well as Tera Hertz (THz) . It can further work on licensed / unlicensed / shared spectrum. The terminal device may have more than one connection with the network devices under Multi-Radio Dual Connectivity (MR-DC) application scenario. The terminal device or the network device can work on full duplex, flexible duplex and cross division duplex modes.
[0035] The network device may have the function of network energy saving, Self-Organizing Networks (SON) / Minimization of Drive Tests (MDT) . The terminal may have the function of power saving.
[0036] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed in test equipment, e.g. signal generator, signal analyzer, spectrum analyzer, network analyzer, test terminal device, test network device, channel emulator.
[0037] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed according to any generation communication protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Examples of the communication protocols include, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, 5.5G, 5G-Advanced networks, or the 6G networks.
[0038] As used herein, the singular forms ‘a’ , ‘an’a nd ‘the’a re intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term ‘includes’a nd its variants are to be read as open terms that mean ‘includes, but is not limited to. ’ The term ‘based on’is to be read as ‘at least in part based on. ’ The term ‘some embodiments’a nd ‘an embodiment’ are to be read as ‘at least some embodiments. ’ The term ‘another embodiment’ is to be read as ‘at least one other embodiment. ’ The terms ‘first, ’ ‘second, ’a nd the like may refer to different or same objects. Other definitions, explicit and implicit, may be included below.
[0039] In some examples, values, procedures, or apparatus are referred to as ‘best, ’ ‘lowest, ’ ‘highest, ’ ‘minimum, ’ ‘maximum, ’ or the like. It will be appreciated that such descriptions are intended to indicate that a selection among many used functional alternatives can be made, and such selections need not be better, smaller, higher, or otherwise preferable to other selections.
[0040] As described above, SFS may be proposed for FDM among multiple transmissions from AIoT devices to a reader and for avoiding high interference from carrier wave. Thus, there is a need to study how to indicate the SFS to an AIoT device.
[0041] In view of the above, the present disclosure provides a solution for communication. In this solution, a first device determines a bitwidth for information related to an SFS for transmission from a second device to the first device. The first device transmits, to the second device, control information for the transmission from the second device to the first device. The control information comprises at least the information related to the SFS. In turn, the first device receives the transmission based on the information related to the SFS or the SFS. In this solution, based on the SFS, FDM among multiple device to reader (D2R) transmissions may be achieved. Thus, interference among the multiple D2R transmissions may be avoided. In addition, because the second device performs D2R transmission based on the information related to the SFS, high interference from the carrier wave to the D2R transmission may be avoided.
[0042] Fig. 1 illustrates an example communication system 100 in which embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. As shown in Fig. 1, the communication system 100 may comprise a first device 110 and a second device 120.
[0043] In some embodiments, the communication system 100 may be implemented as an AIoT system. In such embodiments, the second device 120 may be implemented as an AIoT device, and the first device 110 may be implemented as a communication device. In such embodiments, the first device 110 may be referred to as a reader for the AIoT device.
[0044] In some embodiments, the reader may be implemented as a network device, and the AIoT device may be implemented as a terminal device, such as a tag. In such embodiments, the second device 120 may directly and bidirectionally communicate with the first device 110. The communication between the first device 110 and the second device 120 may comprise at least one of the following: Ambient IoT data or Ambient IoT signalling.
[0045] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the reader may be implemented as an intermediate node between the second device 120 and a network device. For example, the intermediate node may be implemented as multiple terminal devices (such as mobile phones, PDAs and so on) and communicate with a network device, and the AIoT device may be implemented as a terminal device, such as a tag. For another example, the intermediate node may be a relay, IAB node, a UE, or repeater which is capable of Ambient IoT. The second device 120 may communicate bidirectionally with the network device via the first device 110. The first device 110 transfers Ambient IoT data and / or signalling between the second device 120 and the network device.
[0046] It is to be understood that the number of devices shown in Fig. 1 is only for the purpose of illustration. The communication system 100 may include any suitable number of devices and entities.
[0047] Fig. 2 illustrates another example communication system 200 in which embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. As shown in Fig. 2, the communication system 200 may comprise the first device 110 and the second device 120 in Fig. 1 as well as a third device 130 which is not shown in Fig. 1.
[0048] Each of the second device 120 and the third device 130 may be implemented as an AIoT device, and the first device 110 may be implemented as a reader for the AIoT devices.
[0049] The first device 110 transmits 210 control information to the second device 120 to schedule transmission from the second device 120 to the first device 110. The control information transmitted to the second device 120 comprises at least information related to an SFS for transmission from the second device 120 to the first device 110. An example of the SFS will be described later with reference to Fig. 4.
[0050] In turn, the second device 120 performs the transmission based on the information related to the SFS or the SFS. Accordingly, the first device 110 receives the transmission based on the information related to the SFS or the SFS. Hereinafter, a transmission from an AIoT device to a reader is also referred to as D2R transmission, and a transmission from a reader to an AIoT device is also referred to as R2D transmission.
[0051] In some embodiments, the first device 110 may transmit 230 control information to the third device 130 to schedule transmission from the third device 130 to the first device 110. The control information transmitted to the third device 130 comprises at least information related to a second SFS for transmission from the third device 130 to the first device 110. The second SFS for D2R transmission from the third device 130 is different from the SFS for D2R transmission from the second device 120.
[0052] In turn, the third device 130 performs D2R transmission based on the information related to the second SFS or the second SFS. Accordingly, the first device 110 receives the transmission based on the information related to the second SFS or the second SFS.
[0053] Based on the SFS and the second SFS, FDM among multiple D2R transmissions may be achieved. Thus, interference between the D2R transmission from the third device 130 and the D2R transmission from the second device 120 may be avoided or reduced.
[0054] Fig. 3A illustrates a further example communication system 300A in which embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. As shown in Fig. 3A, the communication system 300A may comprise the first device 110 and the second device 120 in Fig. 1.
[0055] The second device 120 may be implemented as an AIoT device, and the first device 110 may be implemented as a reader for the AIoT devices.
[0056] The first device 110 transmits 310 control information to the second device 120 to schedule transmission from the second device 120 to the first device 110. The control information transmitted to the second device 120 comprises at least information related to an SFS for transmission from the second device 120 to the first device 110.
[0057] The first device 110 transmits 320 a carrier wave signal to the second device 120. Alternatively, the carrier wave signal may be transmitted by other node than the first device 110 and the second device 120. This will be described later with reference to Fig. 3B.
[0058] If the second device 120 performs D2R transmission on the carrier wave, R2D transmission may cause high interference to the D2R transmission. With the solution of the present disclosure, the second device 120 performs D2R transmission based on the information related to the SFS. Specifically, the second device 120 may backscatter the received carrier wave signal to a frequency resource obtained from the SFS or information related to the SFS. Accordingly, the first device 110 receives the D2R transmission based on the information related to the SFS or the SFS. In this way, high interference from the carrier wave to D2R transmission may be avoided.
[0059] Fig. 3B illustrates a still further example communication system 300B in which embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. As shown in Fig. 3B, the communication system 300B may comprise the first device 110 and the second device 120 in Fig. 1 as well as a carrier wave (CW) node 140 which is not shown in Fig. 1.
[0060] The second device 120 may be implemented as an AIoT device, and the first device 110 may be implemented as a reader for the AIoT devices.
[0061] The first device 110 transmits 310 control information to the second device 120 to schedule transmission from the second device 120 to the first device 110. The control information transmitted to the second device 120 comprises at least information related to an SFS for transmission from the second device 120 to the first device 110.
[0062] The CW node 140 transmits 340 a carrier wave signal to the second device 120.
[0063] The second device 120 performs D2R transmission based on the information related to the SFS. Specifically, the second device 120 may backscatter the received carrier wave signal to a frequency resource obtained from the SFS or information related to the SFS. Accordingly, the first device 110 receives the D2R transmission based on the information related to the SFS or the SFS. In this way, high interference from the carrier wave to D2R transmission may be avoided.
[0064] Fig. 4 illustrates an example of an SFS in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 4, for small frequency shifts in D2R using Manchester line codes by repetition of the codewords within the same time duration Tb corresponding to an information bit, each Manchester codeword is repeated by a codeword repetition number R. R may be determined based on the following:
[0065] R = Tb / (2 *chip length) (1)
[0066] For example, in the example of Fig. 4, R=6 or 12. Thus, the amount of small frequency shift in Hz may be determined based at least one on information related to a chip duration or chip length. For example, the information related to the chip duration or chip length may comprise the number of chips carried on a symbol (M) . The chip duration may have the same meaning as the chip length. Thus, the term “chip duration” may be used interchangeably with the term “chip length” . For example, the amount of small frequency shift in Hz may be determined based on the following:
[0067] R / Tb = 1 / (2 *chip length) (2)
[0068] In some embodiments, a chip may refer to a shortest duration of one high voltage or one low voltage, to be used to convey information bits. This will be described with reference to Fig. 5.
[0069] Fig. 5 illustrates an example of chips in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In the example of Fig. 5, the OOK modulation may be used by the first device 110. As shown in Fig. 5, for an OOK signal, a chip #1 may refer to a shortest duration of one high voltage and a chip #2 may refer to a shortest duration of one low voltage.
[0070] In some embodiments, a chip duration or chip length may be equal to 1 / M *a duration of a symbol, wherein M represents the number of chips carried on a symbol. For example, for R2D transmission, the chip duration or chip length may be equal to 1 / M *a duration of a symbol.
[0071] For example, for D2R transmission, a chip corresponds to one modulated symbol at least for OOK and BPSK modulations. The chip duration may be equal to a duration of one modulated symbol at least for OOK and BPSK modulations. For example, the chip duration or chip length may be equal to 1 / (M*15kHz) second.
[0072] It shall be understood that although the definition of the chip is described by taking OOK modulation for example, the definition of the chip may be applied to other Modulation and Coding schemes (MSC) . The scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
[0073] Fig. 6 illustrates a signaling diagram illustrating an example process 600 in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The process 600 may involve the first device 110 and the second device 120 in Fig. 1, 2, 3A or 3B. For the purpose of discussion, the process 600 will be described with reference to Fig. 1, 2, 3A or 3B.
[0074] As shown in Fig. 6, the first device 110 determines 610 a bitwidth for information related to an SFS for transmission from the second device 120 to the first device 110.
[0075] In some embodiments, the SFS for the transmission from the second device 120 to the first device 110 may comprise an SFS with respect to a tone of a carrier wave.
[0076] In turn, the first device 110 transmits 620, to the second device 120, control information for the transmission from the second device 120 to the first device 110. The control information may comprise at least the information related to the SFS.
[0077] Accordingly, the second device 120 receives, from the first device 110, the control information comprising at least the information related to the SFS.
[0078] In some embodiments, in order to receive the control information comprising at least the information related to the SFS, the second device 120 may determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS in the control information.
[0079] Then, the second device 120 performs 630 the transmission based on the information related to the SFS.
[0080] Accordingly, the first device 110 receive the transmission from the second device 120 based on the information related to the SFS or the SFS.
[0081] With the process 600, based on the SFS, FDM among multiple D2R transmissions may be achieved. Thus, interference among the multiple D2R transmissions may be avoided. In addition, because the second device 120 performs D2R transmission based on the information related to the SFS, high interference from the carrier wave to the D2R transmission may be avoided.
[0082] Hereinafter, some embodiments of determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS will be described.
[0083] In some embodiments, frequency domain resources or bandwidth for the transmission may have effects on the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS. In such embodiments, the first device 110 may determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on information related to frequency domain resources for the transmission. This will be described with reference to Table 1 as well as Figs. 7A and 7B.
[0084] Table 1 gives an example of mapping between M values and the associated minimum Btx, R2D values. M represents the number of chips carried on a symbol, and minimum Btx, R2D represents the minimum number of resource blocks (RBs) for R2D transmission. A reader (such as the first device 110) may use any R2D transmission bandwidth which is equal to or greater than minimum Btx, R2D.
[0085] Table 1
[0086] As shown in Table 1, for R2D transmission, M is restricted to the number of RBs. Specifically, for 1 RB, M=1, 2, 4 or 6. For 2 RBs, M=1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 or 24. For 3 RBs, M=1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24 or 32.
[0087] Although Table 1 only defines mapping between M values and bandwidth for R2D transmission, a chip duration and a bandwidth for D2R transmission could have similar values to those shown in Table 1. In addition, from the perspective of the reader, it would be easy to receive if D2R signals fall within a pre-set range, e.g. 1~3 RBs.
[0088] In some embodiments, values of M may or may not be restricted to 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 32. For example, for 1 RB, M may be up to 12; for 2 RBs, M may be up to 24; for 3 RBs, M may be up to 36.
[0089] In some embodiments, as the number of frequency domain resources or bandwidth for D2R transmission increases, a range of values of the SFS increases. This will be described with reference to Figs. 7A and 7B.
[0090] Figs. 7A and 7B illustrate an example of association between a bandwidth for D2R transmission and an SFS in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, respectively.
[0091] In the example of Fig. 7A, if 1 RB is used for D2R transmission, a bandwidth for D2R transmission is equal to 180kHz. Thus, a range of values of the SFS is within 90kHz.
[0092] In the example of Fig. 7B, if 2 RBs are used for D2R transmission, a bandwidth for D2R transmission is equal to 360kHz. Thus, a range of values of the SFS is within 180kHz. Therefore, as the number of frequency domain resources (such as RBs) or bandwidth for D2R transmission increases, a range of values of the SFS increases.
[0093] In such embodiments, the control information may separately indicate the information related to the SFS and information related to the chip duration or chip length. In some embodiments, the first device 110 may determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on information related to frequency domain resources for the D2R transmission, and information related to a chip duration or chip length.
[0094] In some embodiments, the information related to frequency domain resources may comprise at least one of the following: the number of RBs for the transmission from the second device 120 to the first device 110, or the minimum number of RBs for the transmission from the second device 120 to the first device 110. Hereinafter, the number of RBs or the minimum number of RBs for the transmission from the second device 120 to the first device 110 is represented by Btx, D2R.
[0095] In some embodiments, the first device 110 may determine a repetition number (R) or small-frequency-shift factor for the transmission based on the information related to the SFS and mapping between the information related to the SFS and the repetition number or small-frequency-shift factor.
[0096] In some embodiments, for BPSK and OOK modulations, the small-frequency-shift factor may be defined as the ratio of bit length to two times the chip length.
[0097] In some embodiments, the repetition number may have the same meaning as the small-frequency-shift factor. Thus, the term “repetition number” may be used interchangeably with the term “small-frequency-shift factor” .
[0098] In some embodiments, the repetition number may be equal to small-frequency-shift factor. For example, based on the above equation (1) , when M=1, Tb=2 / 15kHz, and chip length=1 / (12*15kHz) , R = Tb / (2*chip length) = 12. In this example, the small-frequency-shift factor is also equal to 12.
[0099] In some embodiments, the information related to the chip duration or chip length may comprise the number of chips carried on a symbol (M) . For example, a duration of a symbol may refer to a duration of an OFDM symbol with a subcarrier spacing of 15kHz, i.e. 1 / (15kHz) second. If M chips are carried on a symbol, the chip duration or chip length is equal to 1 / (M*15kHz) second.
[0100] In some embodiments, when Btx, D2R =1 RB, possible repetition number (R) or small-frequency-shift factor within the same duration may be as below:
[0101] · for M=1, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2,3, 4, 5, 6, …, 12; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 11, and thus a maximum bitwidth for the SFS is 4 bits) ;
[0102] · for M=2, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 5) ;
[0103] · for M=4, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 2) ;
[0104] · for M=6, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 1) .
[0105] In such embodiments, a maximum repetition number may be equal to or Btx, D2R×12 / M or Btx, D2R×12 / M-a or Btx, D2R×12-a, where represents a rounding down operation, a is an integer constant greater than 0 and a is less than Btx, D2R×12 / M or Btx, D2R×12. a may be used to leave room for avoiding interference among multiple D2R transmissions with 2 RBs. Alternatively, the maximum repetition number may be equal to Btx, D2R×b / M or Btx, D2R×b, where b is an integer constant greater than 0 and less than 12. The number of bits carrying the information related to the SFS (i.e., the bitwidth for the SFS) may be determined based on or In some cases, for ease of processing, the bitwidth for the SFS may be determined based on or i.e., M=1, where represents a rounding up operation. In such embodiments, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 11+5+2+1 = 19. The number of bits carrying the sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS may be determined based on Thus, a bitwidth for the SFS is bits. If M=1, 2, 4 or 6 and no SFS is also included, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 23 and a bitwidth for the SFS may be bits.
[0106] In some embodiments, when Btx, D2R =2 RBs, possible repetition number (R) or small-frequency-shift factor within the same duration may be as below:
[0107] · for M=1, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2,3, 4, 5, 6, …, 24; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 23, and thus a maximum bitwidth for the SFS is bits) ;
[0108] · for M=2, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2,3, 4, 5, …, 12; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 11) ;
[0109] · for M=4, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 5) ;
[0110] · for M=6, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3, 4; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 3) ;
[0111] · for M=8, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 2) ;
[0112] · for M=12, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 1) ;
[0113] · for M=16, or M=24, there is no possible repetition within the same duration.
[0114] In view of the above, in some embodiments, a minimum number of bits for indicating the SFS is bits.
[0115] In such embodiments, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 23+11+5+3+2+1 = 45. Thus, a bitwidth for the SFS is 6 bits. If M=1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 or 24 and no SFS is also included, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 53 and a bitwidth for the SFS may be 6 bits.
[0116] In some embodiments, when Btx, D2R =3 RBs, possible repetition number (R) or small-frequency-shift factor within the same duration may be as below:
[0117] · for M=1, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2,3, 4, 5, 6, …, 36; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 35, and thus a maximum bitwidth for the SFS is 6 bits) ;
[0118] · for M=2, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2,3, 4, 5, …, 18; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 17) ;
[0119] · for M=4, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2,3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 8) ;
[0120] · for M=6, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 5) ;
[0121] · for M=8, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3, 4; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 3) ;
[0122] · for M=12, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 2) ;
[0123] · for M=16, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 1) ;
[0124] · for M=24 or M=32, there is no possible repetition number within the same duration.
[0125] In view of the above, in some embodiments, a minimum number of bits for indicating the SFS is bits.
[0126] In such embodiments, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 35+17+8+5+3+2+1 = 71. Thus, a bitwidth for the SFS is 7 bits. If M=1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24 or 32 and no SFS is also included, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 80 and a bitwidth for the SFS may be 7 bits.
[0127] In some embodiments, the information related to the SFS may comprise an index for a possible value of the SFS. For a given value of M, a value of the SFS may be determined from the index for the value of the SFS. In such embodiments, mapping between the information related to the SFS and the repetition number (R) or small-frequency-shift factor may be as below:
[0128] R= index +1 (3)
[0129] For example, for RB=1, index =6 (0110) 2 in { (0000) 2, (1011) 2} , the repetition number (R) is equal to index+1=7.
[0130] In some embodiments, as the number of frequency domain resources or bandwidth for D2R transmission increases, a range of values of the chip duration or chip length increases. Thus, as the number of frequency domain resources or bandwidth for D2R transmission increases, a bitwidth for the information related to the chip duration or chip length increases.
[0131] In some embodiments, the bitwidth for the information related to the chip duration or chip length may be 2, 3 or 4 bits depending on the RB number in frequency domain resource assignment. For example, if the RB number is set to 1, the bitwidth for the information related to the chip duration or chip length may be 2 bits. If the RB number is set to 2, the bitwidth for the information related to the chip duration or chip length may be 3 bits. If the RB number is set to 3, the bitwidth for the information related to the chip duration or chip length may be 4 bits.
[0132] In some embodiments, a bitwidth for the information related to the frequency domain resources for D2R transmission may be determined based on a maximum number of the frequency domain resources. For example, the RB number may be 1, 2 or 3. Thus, a bitwidth for the RB number is 2 bits.
[0133] In some embodiments, the first device 110 may transmit the control information for the transmission from the second device 120 to the first device 110 in an AIoT Format 0_1. Table 2 gives an example of the AIoT Format 0_1.
[0134] Table 2
[0135] Table 3 gives another example of the AIoT Format 0_1.
[0136] Table 3
[0137] Table 4 gives a further example of the AIoT Format 0_1.
[0138] Table 4
[0139] As shown in Tables 2, 3 and 4, the control information may separately indicate the SFS and the chip duration or chip length. When Btx, D2R =1 RB, for M=1, 2, 4, 6, a bitwidth for the information related to the chip duration or chip length is 2 bits. When Btx, D2R =2 RBs, for M=1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, a bitwidth for the information related to the chip duration or chip length is 3 bits. When Btx, D2R =3 RBs, M=1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 32, a bitwidth for the information related to the chip duration or chip length is 4 bits.
[0140] In some embodiments, in order to reduce the bitwidth, the control information may jointly indicate the SFS and the chip duration or chip length. In such embodiments, the information related to the SFS may comprise information related to the SFS and a chip duration or chip length. The first device 110 may determine a bitwidth for the information related to the SFS and the chip duration or chip length based on information related to frequency domain resources for the D2R transmission.
[0141] In such embodiments, if the control information jointly indicates the SFS and the chip duration or chip length, when Btx, D2R =1 RB, for M=1, 2, 4, 6, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 11+5+2+1 = 19. Thus, a bitwidth for the information related to the SFS and the chip duration or chip length is 5 bits. If M=1, 2, 4, 6 and no SFS is also included, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 12+6+3+2 = 23 and a bitwidth for the information related to the SFS and the chip duration or chip length may be 5 bits.
[0142] In such embodiments, if the control information jointly indicates the SFS and the chip duration or chip length, when Btx, D2R =2 RBs, for M=1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 23+11+5+3+2+1 = 45. Thus, a bitwidth for the information related to the SFS and the chip duration or chip length is 6 bits. If M=1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 or 24 and no SFS is also included, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 53 and a bitwidth for the information related to the SFS and the chip duration or chip length may be 6 bits.
[0143] In such embodiments, if the control information jointly indicates the SFS and the chip duration or chip length, when Btx, D2R =3 RBs, for M=1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 32, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 35+17+8+5+3+2+1 = 71. Thus, a bitwidth for the information related to the SFS and the chip duration or chip length is 7 bits. If M=1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24 or 32 and no SFS is also included, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 80 and a bitwidth for the information related to the SFS and the chip duration or chip length may be 7 bits.
[0144] In comparison, if the control information separately indicates the SFS and the chip duration or chip length as described above, when Btx, D2R =1 RB, a bitwidth for the information related to the chip duration or chip length is 2 bits, a bitwidth for the information related to the SFS is 4 bits, and a sum of the two bitwidths is 6 bits. When Btx, D2R =2 RBs, a bitwidth for the information related to the chip duration or chip length is 3 bits, a bitwidth for the information related to the SFS is 5 bits, and a sum of the two bitwidths is 8 bits. When Btx, D2R =3 RBs, a bitwidth for the information related to the chip duration or chip length is 4 bits, a bitwidth for the information related to the SFS is 6 bits, and a sum of the two bitwidths is 10 bits. Therefore, if the control information jointly indicates the SFS and the chip duration or chip length, the bitwidth may be reduced.
[0145] In some embodiments, the first device 110 may transmit the control information for the transmission from the second device 120 to the first device 110 in an AIoT Format 0_1. The control information jointly indicates the SFS and the chip duration or chip length. Table 5 gives an example of the AIoT Format 0_1.
[0146] Table 5
[0147] In some embodiments, if the control information jointly indicates the SFS and the chip duration or chip length, the first device 110 or the second device 120 may determine a repetition number (R) or small frequency shift factor (SFS factor) for the transmission based on the information related to the SFS and the chip duration or chip length and mapping between the information related to frequency domain resources and a parameter related to the repetition number or SFS factor.
[0148] In such embodiments, the first device 110 or the second device 120 may determine a value of M for the transmission based on the information related to the SFS and the chip duration or chip length and the mapping between the information related to frequency domain resources and the parameter related to the repetition number or SFS factor.
[0149] In such embodiments, the information related to the SFS and the chip duration or chip length may comprise an index for a possible value of the repetition number or SFS factor.
[0150] In such embodiments, the parameter related to the repetition number may comprise an accumulated possible repetition number or SFS factor based on the frequency domain resources and the chip duration or chip length.
[0151] In such embodiments, the mapping between the information related to frequency domain resources and the parameter related to the repetition number may comprise mapping among the following: a possible value of M, the number of RBs, and the accumulated possible repetition number or SFS factor. Table 6 gives an example of such a mapping.
[0152] Table 6
[0153] In Table 6, for example, when the RB number (Btx, D2R) =1 RB, for M=1 and no SFS is also included, the number of possible values of the repetition number or SFS factor is equal to 12 as shown in row 2, column 2 of Table 6.
[0154] When the RB number =1 RB, for M=2 and no SFS is also included, the number of possible values of the repetition number or SFS factor is equal to 6. Thus, when the RB number =1 RB, for M=2, an accumulated possible repetition number or SFS factor is equal to 12+6=18 as shown in row 3, column 2 of Table 6.
[0155] When the RB number =1 RB, for M=4 and no SFS is also included, the number of possible values of the repetition number or SFS factor is equal to 3. Thus, when the RB number =1 RB, for M=4, an accumulated possible repetition number or SFS factor is equal to 12+6+3=21 as shown in row 4, column 2 of Table 6.
[0156] When the RB number =1 RB, for M=6 and no SFS is also included, the number of possible values of the repetition number or SFS factor is equal to 2. Thus, when the RB number =1 RB, for M=6, an accumulated possible repetition number or SFS factor is equal to 12+6+3+2=23 as shown in row 5, column 2 of Table 6.
[0157] In this example, the control information may indicate that the RB number is equal to 1 and an index for a possible value of the repetition number or SFS factor is equal to 20 (10100) 2 in { (00000) 2, (10110) 2} . Because the indicated index “20” is the 21st value among all the indexes and the 21st value is between 18 (corresponding to M=2) and 21 (corresponding to M=4) in Table 6, the second device 120 may determine M=4. In addition, as described above, when the RB number =1 RB, for M=4 and no SFS is also included, the number of possible values of the repetition number or SFS factor is equal to 3, i.e., {1, 2, 3} . Therefore, the second device 120 may determine the repetition number or SFS factor for D2R transmission based on the following: the index +1-18 (corresponding to M=2) =3, which means the third possible value of the repetition number or SFS factor among {1, 2, 3} . Thus, the second device 120 may determine the repetition number or SFS factor for D2R transmission as 3.
[0158] Table 7 gives another example of mapping among the following: a possible value of M, the number of RBs, and the accumulated possible repetition number or SFS factor. In Table 7, no SFS is not included.
[0159] Table 7
[0160] In this example, the control information may indicate that the RB number is equal to 1 and an index for a possible value of the repetition number or SFS factor is equal to 14 (01110) 2 in { (00000) 2, (10010) 2} . Because the indicated index “14” is the 15th value among all the indexes and the 15th value is between 11 (corresponding to M=1) and 16 (corresponding to M=2) in Table 7, the second device 120 may determine M=2. In addition, as described above, when the RB number =1 RB, for M=2, the number of possible values of the repetition number or SFS factor is equal to 5, i.e., {2, 3, 4, 5, 6} . Therefore, the second device 120 may determine the repetition number or SFS factor for D2R transmission based on the following: the index +1-11 (corresponding to M=1) =4, which means the fourth possible value of the repetition number or SFS factor among {2, 3, 4, 5, 6} . Thus, the second device 120 may determine the repetition number or SFS factor for D2R transmission as 5. Alternatively, the repetition number or SFS factor can be calculated as the index+2-11 (corresponding to M=1) =5.
[0161] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the parameter related to the repetition number may comprise a maximum possible repetition number or SFS factor based on the frequency domain resources and the chip duration or chip length.
[0162] In such embodiments, the mapping between the information related to frequency domain resources and the parameter related to the repetition number may comprise mapping among the following: a possible value of M, the number of RBs, and the maximum possible repetition number or SFS factor. Table 8 gives an example of such a mapping.
[0163] Table 8
[0164] In Table 8, for example, when the RB number (Btx, D2R) =1 RB, for M=1 and no SFS is also included, a maximum possible repetition number or SFS factor is equal to 12 as shown in row 2, column 2 of Table 8.
[0165] When the RB number =1 RB, for M=2 and no SFS is also included, a maximum possible repetition number or SFS factor is equal to 6.
[0166] When the RB number =1 RB, for M=4 and no SFS is also included, a maximum possible repetition number or SFS factor is equal to 3.
[0167] When the RB number =1 RB, for M=6 and no SFS is also included, a maximum possible repetition number or SFS factor is equal to 2.
[0168] In this example, the control information may indicate that the RB number is equal to 1 and an index for a possible value of the repetition number or SFS factor is equal to 20 (10100) 2 in { (00000) 2, (10110) 2} . Because the indicated index “20” is the 21st value among all the indexes and the 21st value is between 18 (corresponding to the sum of cases with M=1 and M=2) and 21 (corresponding to the sum of cases with M=1, 2 and 4) in Table 8, the second device 120 may determine M=4. In addition, as described above, when the RB number =1 RB, for M=4 and no SFS is also included, the number of possible values of the repetition number or SFS factor is equal to 3, i.e., {1, 2, 3} . Therefore, the second device 120 may determine the repetition number or SFS factor for D2R transmission based on the following: the index +1-12-6 (corresponding to M=2) =3, which means the third possible value of the repetition number or SFS factor among {1, 2, 3} . Thus, the second device 120 may determine the repetition number or SFS factor for D2R transmission as 3.
[0169] Table 9 gives another example of mapping among the following: a possible value of M, the number of RBs, and the maximum possible repetition number or SFS factor. In Table 9, no SFS is not included.
[0170] Table 9
[0171] In this example, the control information may indicate that the RB number is equal to 1 and an index for a possible value of the repetition number or SFS factor is equal to 14 (01110) 2 in { (00000) 2, (10010) 2} . Because the indicated index “14” is the 15th value among all the indexes and the 15th value is between 11 (corresponding to M=1) and 16 (corresponding to sum cases with M=1 and 2) in Table 9, the second device 120 may determine M=2. In addition, as described above, when the RB number =1 RB, for M=2, the number of possible values of the repetition number or SFS factor is equal to 5, i.e., {2, 3, 4, 5, 6} . Therefore, the second device 120 may determine the repetition number or SFS factor for D2R transmission based on the following: the index +1-11 (corresponding to M=1) =4, which means the fourth possible value of the repetition number or SFS factor among {2, 3, 4, 5, 6} . Thus, the second device 120 may determine the repetition number or SFS factor for D2R transmission as 5. Alternatively, the repetition number or SFS factor can be calculated as the index +2-11 (corresponding to M=1) =5.
[0172] In some embodiments, guard interval from a tone of a carrier wave or a tone of other device may have effects on the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS. For example, a transmit power of a reader can be as high as 23~46dBm, but the received power can be as low as -80dBm, and the 100dB Signal Noise Ratio (SNR) gap from one node requires larger gap for SFS. In addition, the backscattered signals from multiple AIoT devices may not follow OFDM structure, which means 15kHz gap may not be enough.
[0173] In such embodiments, the first device 110 may determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on a minimum SFS with respect to a tone of a carrier wave and a minimum gap between the SFS and a second SFS. In such embodiments, the second SFS may be reserved or is to be used by the third device 130. Hereinafter, the minimum SFS with respect to the tone of the carrier wave is represented by SFSmin, and the minimum gap between the SFS and the second SFS is represented by SFSmin, gap .
[0174] In some embodiments, at least one of SFSmin and SFSmin, gap may be predefined.
[0175] In some embodiments, the second device 120 may transmit a minimum value of the SFS to the first device 110. Optionally, the minimum value may correspond to {15kHz, 30kHz, 45kHz, 60kHz} and a bitwidth for the minimum value may be 2 bits. Optionally, the first device 110 may determine SFSmin, gap based on the minimum value of the SFS.
[0176] In some embodiments, for the tone of the carrier wave Fc, Fc± SFSmin should not be used by the second device 120.
[0177] In some embodiments, for a tone Fc±FS1 allocated to a device, Fc±FS1 ±SFSmin, gap should not be used by the second device 120.
[0178] In some embodiments, for the case where the carrier wave is transmitted by the reader (for example, as shown in Fig. 3A) , and for the case where the carrier wave is transmitted by the CW node 140 which is different from the reader (for example, as shown in Fig. 3B) , different values of SFSmin may be predefined. For example, SFSmin, 1 may be predefined for the reader, and SFSmin, 2 may be predefined for the CW node 140. For example, SFSmin, 1≥SFSmin, 2.
[0179] Fig. 8A illustrates an example of a minimum SFS with respect to a tone of a carrier wave (SFSmin) and a minimum gap (SFSmin, gap) in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0180] In the example of Fig. 8A, if 1 RB is used for D2R transmission, a bandwidth for D2R transmission is equal to 180kHz. SFSmin=45kHz, and SFSmin, gap=15kHz. For the tone of the carrier wave Fc, a tone within a frequency range of Fc± 45kHz should not be used by the second device 120. If a tone Fc±45kHz is allocated to the third device 130, a tone between Fc± 45kHz and Fc± 60kHz Fc±45kHz±15kHz should not be used by the second device 120. Fc+ 45kHz and Fc+ 60kHz as well as Fc-45kHz andFc-60kHz can be used by the second device 120.
[0181] In some embodiments, if the first device 110 determines the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on SFSmin and SFSmin, gap, when Btx, D2R =1 RB, possible repetition number (R) or SFS factor within the same duration may be as below:
[0182] · for M=1, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 6, 8, 10, 12;(the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 4, and thus a maximum bitwidth for the SFS is 2 bits) ;
[0183] · for M=2, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 3, 4, 5, 6; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 4) ;
[0184] · for M=4, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 2) ;
[0185] · for M=6, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 1) .
[0186] In such embodiments, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 4+4+2+1 = 11. The number of bits carrying the sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS may be determined based on Thus, a bitwidth for the SFS is bits. If M=1, 2, 4 or 6 and no SFS is also included, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 15 and a bitwidth for the SFS may be bits.
[0187] In some embodiments, if the first device 110 determines the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on SFSmin and SFSmin, gap, when Btx, D2R =2 RBs, possible repetition number (R) or SFS factor within the same duration may be as below:
[0188] · for M=1, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 6, 8, 10, …, 24; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 10, and thus a maximum bitwidth for the SFS is 4 bits) ;
[0189] · for M=2, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 3, 4, 5, …, 12;(the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 10) ;
[0190] · for M=4, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 5) ;
[0191] · for M=6, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3, 4; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 3) ;
[0192] · for M=8, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 2) ;
[0193] · for M=12, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 1) ;
[0194] · for M=16, or M=24, there is no possible repetition number within the same duration.
[0195] In such embodiments, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 10+10+5+3+2+1=31. The number of bits carrying the sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS may be determined based on Thus, a bitwidth for the SFS is bits. If M=1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 or 24 and no SFS is also included, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 39, and a bitwidth for the SFS may be bits.
[0196] In some embodiments, if the first device 110 determines the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on SFSmin and SFSmin, gap, when Btx, D2R =2 RBs, possible repetition number (R) or SFS factor within the same duration may be as below:
[0197] · for M=1, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 6, 8, 10,…, 36; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 16, and thus a maximum bitwidth for the SFS is 4 bits) ;
[0198] · for M=2, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 3,4, 5, …, 18; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 16) ;
[0199] · for M=4, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2,3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 8) ;
[0200] · for M=6, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 5) ;
[0201] · for M=8, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3, 4; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 3) ;
[0202] · for M=12, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 2) ;
[0203] · for M=16, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 1) ;
[0204] · for M=24 or for M=32, there is no possible repetition number within the same duration.
[0205] In such embodiments, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 16+16+8+5+3+2+1 = 51. The number of bits carrying the sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS may be determined based on Thus, a bitwidth for the SFS is bits. If M=1, 2, 4 or 6 and no SFS is also included, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 60, and a bitwidth for the SFS may be bits.
[0206] In some embodiments, the first device 110 may determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on one of the following: a size of a subchannel for the transmission, or a size of a channel subset.
[0207] In some embodiments, the size of the subchannel or the size of the channel subset may be predefined. For example, the size of the subchannel or the size of the channel subset may be predefined as 30kHz or any other appropriate value which is pre-defined. Hereinafter, some embodiments will be described by taking the size of the subchannel of 30kHz for example. The scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
[0208] Fig. 8B illustrates an example of subchannels or channel subsets in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0209] In the example of Fig. 8B, if 1 RB is used for D2R transmission, a bandwidth for D2R transmission is equal to 180kHz. A size of each of the subchannels or channel subsets is predefined as 30kHz. One of the subchannels or channel subsets may be allocated to the second device 120 for D2R transmission. In this way, interference among multiple D2R transmissions may be avoided.
[0210] In some embodiments, if the size of the subchannel or the size of the channel subset is predefined as 30kHz, when Btx, D2R =1 RB, possible repetition number (R) or SFS factor within the same duration may be as below:
[0211] · for M=1, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 4, 8, 12; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 3, and thus a maximum bitwidth for the SFS is 2 bits) ;
[0212] · for M=2, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 4, 6; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 3) ;
[0213] · for M=4, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 2) ;
[0214] · for M=6, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 1) .
[0215] In such embodiments, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 3+3+2+1 = 9. The number of bits carrying the sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS may be determined based on Thus, a bitwidth for the SFS is bits. If M=1, 2, 4 or 6 and no SFS is also included, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 13 and a bitwidth for the SFS may be bits.
[0216] In some embodiments, if the size of the subchannel or the size of the channel subset is predefined as 30kHz, when Btx, D2R =2 RBs, possible repetition number (R) or SFS factor within the same duration may be as below:
[0217] · for M=1, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 6, and thus a maximum bitwidth for the SFS is 3 bits) ;
[0218] · for M=2, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 4, 6,…, 12; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 6) ;
[0219] · for M=4, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 5) ;
[0220] · for M=6, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 4; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 2) ;
[0221] · for M=8, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 2) ;
[0222] · for M=12, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 1) ;
[0223] · for M=16, or for M=24, there is no possible repetition number within the same duration.
[0224] In such embodiments, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 6+6+5+2+2+1 = 22. The number of bits carrying the sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS may be determined based on Thus, a bitwidth for the SFS is bits. If M=1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 or 24 and no SFS is also included, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 30 and a bitwidth for the SFS may be bits.
[0225] In some embodiments, if the size of the subchannel or the size of the channel subset is predefined as 30kHz, when Btx, D2R =3 RBs, possible repetition number (R) or SFS factor within the same duration may be as below:
[0226] · for M=1, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 9, and thus a maximum bitwidth for the SFS is 4 bits) ;
[0227] · for M=2, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 9) ;
[0228] · for M=4, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 8) ;
[0229] · for M=6, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 4, 6; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 3) ;
[0230] · for M=8, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3, 4; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 3) ;
[0231] · for M=12, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 2) ;
[0232] · for M=16, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 1) ;
[0233] · for M=24 or M=32, there is no possible repetition number within the same duration.
[0234] In such embodiments, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 9+9+8+3+3+2+1 = 35. The number of bits carrying the sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS may be determined based on Thus, a bitwidth for the SFS is bits. If 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24 or 32 and no SFS is also included, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 44 and a bitwidth for the SFS may be bits.
[0235] In some embodiments, a status of a carrier wave may have effects on the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS. In such embodiments, the first device 110 may determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on a status of a carrier wave. In some embodiments, the status of the carrier wave may comprise one of the following: single-tone without hopping, two-tone, or single tone with hopping. For example, two-tone carrier wave allows a limited range of values of the SFS.
[0236] Fig. 9 illustrates an example of a two-tone carrier wave in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0237] In the example of Fig. 9, if 1 RB is used for D2R transmission, a bandwidth for D2R transmission is equal to 180kHz. A carrier wave has a tone #1 and a tone #2. Thus, a range of values of the SFS is within 45kHz.
[0238] In some embodiments, the control information may indicate the status of the carrier wave. Alternatively, the second device 120 may detect the status of the carrier wave by itself.
[0239] In some embodiments, when the status of the carrier wave is two-tone or single-tone with hopping and Btx, D2R =1 RB, possible repetition number (R) or SFS factor within the same duration may be as below:
[0240] · for M=1, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 5, and thus a maximum bitwidth for the SFS is 3 bits) ;
[0241] · for M=2, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 2) ;
[0242] · for M=4, or M=6, there is no possible repetition number within the same duration.
[0243] In such embodiments, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 5+2 = 7. The number of bits carrying the sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS may be determined based on Thus, a bitwidth for the SFS is bits. If M=1, 2, 4 or 6 and no SFS is also included, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 11 and a bitwidth for the SFS may be bits.
[0244] In some embodiments, when the status of the carrier wave is two-tone or single-tone with hopping and Btx, D2R =2 RBs, possible repetition number (R) or SFS factor within the same duration may be as below:
[0245] · for M=1, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, …, 12; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 11, and thus a maximum bitwidth for the SFS is 4 bits) ;
[0246] · for M=2, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 5) ;
[0247] · for M=4, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 2) ;
[0248] · for M=6, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 1) ;
[0249] · for M=8, M=12, M=16, or M=24, there is no possible repetition number within the same duration.
[0250] In such embodiments, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 11+5+2+1 = 19. The number of bits carrying the sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS may be determined based on Thus, a bitwidth for the SFS is bits. If M=1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 or 24 and no SFS is also included, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 27 and a bitwidth for the SFS may be bits.
[0251] In some embodiments, when the status of the carrier wave is two-tone or single-tone with hopping and Btx, D2R =3 RBs, possible repetition number (R) or SFS factor within the same duration may be as below:
[0252] · for M=1, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2,3, 4, 5, 6, …, 18; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 17, and thus a maximum bitwidth for the SFS is 6 bits) ;
[0253] · for M=2, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2,3, 4, 5, …, 9; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 8) ;
[0254] · for M=4, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3, 4; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 3) ;
[0255] · for M=6, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 2) ;
[0256] · for M=8, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 1) ;
[0257] · for M=12, M=16, M=24 or M=32, there is no possible repetition number within the same duration.
[0258] In such embodiments, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 17+8+3+2+1 = 31. The number of bits carrying the sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS may be determined based on Thus, a bitwidth for the SFS is bits. If M=1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24 or 32 and no SFS is also included, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 40 and a bitwidth for the SFS may be bits.
[0259] In some embodiments, the control information may indicate the status of the carrier wave. A bitwidth for the status of the carrier wave may be 2 bits. The status of the carrier wave may comprise one of the following: single-tone without hopping, two-tone, or single tone with hopping. The status of the carrier wave is not limited to being used for determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS.
[0260] In some embodiments, single-side band signals can save half spectrum occupation. Thus, single-side band signals may allow twice the range of values of the SFS. This will be described with reference to Figs. 10A and 10B.
[0261] Fig. 10A illustrates an example of double-side band signal occupation in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In the example of Fig. 10A, the second device 120 may support double-side band signals. A center frequency of a carrier wave is represented by Fc. A bandwidth of double-side band signals may be a bandwidth 1010, a bandwidth 1020, or a bandwidth 1030. A range of values of the SFS is limited to a half of a maximum bandwidth for D2R transmission. For example, the SFS for D2R transmission may be equal to FS1 or FS2.
[0262] Fig. 10B illustrates an example of single-side band signal occupation in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In the example of Fig. 10B, the second device 120 may support single-side band signals. A center frequency of a carrier wave is represented by Fc. A bandwidth of single-side band signals may be a bandwidth 1040, a bandwidth 1050, or a bandwidth 1060. Each of the bandwidths 1040, 1050 and 1060 is a half of the bandwidths 1010, 1020 and 1030. That is, single-side band signals may save half spectrum occupation. A range of values of the SFS is limited to a maximum bandwidth for D2R transmission.
[0263] Fig. 10C illustrates an example of association between a bandwidth for D2R transmission and an SFS in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0264] In the example of Fig. 10C, if 1 RB is used for D2R transmission, a bandwidth for D2R transmission is equal to 180kHz. If the second device 120 supports single-side band signals, a range of values of the SFS is within 100kHz.
[0265] In some embodiments, the first device 110 may receive, from the second device 120, capability information of supporting single-side band signals. The first device 110 may determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on the capability information.
[0266] In some embodiments, the second device 120 may transmit, to the first device 110, capability information of supporting single-side band signals. In some embodiments, the capability information may indicate whether the second device 120 supports the single-side band signals. Alternatively, the capability information may indicate whether the second device 120 supports the single-side band signals or the double-side band signals. A bitwidth for the capability information may be 1 bit. The capability information is not limited to being used for determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS.
[0267] In some embodiments, the control information may further comprise an indication indicating whether single-side band or double-side band is to be used for the transmission.
[0268] In some embodiments, the second device 120 may determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on the capability information and the indication.
[0269] In some embodiments, if the second device 120 supports single-side band signals and Btx, D2R =1 RB, possible repetition number (R) or SFS factor within the same duration may be as below:
[0270] · for M=1, possible repetition #within the same duration would be: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, …, 24;(the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 24, and thus a maximum bitwidth for the SFS is 5 bits) ;
[0271] · for M=2, possible repetition #within the same duration would be: 2, 3, 4, 5, …, 12; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 11) ;
[0272] · for M=4, possible repetition #within the same duration would be: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 5) ;
[0273] · for M=6, possible repetition #within the same duration would be: 2, 3, 4; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 3) .
[0274] In such embodiments, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 23+11+5+3 = 42. The number of bits carrying the sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS may be determined based on Thus, a bitwidth for the SFS is bits. If M=1, 2, 4 or 6 and no SFS is also included, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 46 and a bitwidth for the SFS may be bits.
[0275] In some embodiments, if the second device 120 supports single-side band signals and Btx, D2R =2 RBs, possible repetition number (R) or SFS factor within the same duration may be as below:
[0276] · for M=1, possible repetition #within the same duration would be: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, …, 48;(the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 47, and thus a maximum bitwidth for the SFS is 6 bits) ;
[0277] · for M=2, possible repetition #within the same duration would be: 2, 3, 4, 5, …, 24; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 23) ;
[0278] · for M=4, possible repetition #within the same duration would be: 2, 3, 4, 5, …, 12; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 11) ;
[0279] · for M=6, possible repetition #within the same duration would be: 2, 3, 4, …, 8 ;(the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 7) ;
[0280] · for M=8, possible repetition #within the same duration would be: 2, 3, …, 6; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 5) ;
[0281] · for M=12, possible repetition #within the same duration would be: 2, 3, 4; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 3) ;
[0282] · for M=16, possible repetition #within the same duration would be: 2, 3; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 2) ;
[0283] · for M=24, possible repetition #within the same duration would be: 2; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 1) .
[0284] In such embodiments, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 47+23+11+7+5+3+2+1 = 99. The number of bits carrying the sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS may be determined based on Thus, a bitwidth for the SFS is bits. If M=1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 or 24 and no SFS is also included, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 107 and a bitwidth for the SFS may be bits.
[0285] In some embodiments, if the second device 120 supports single-side band signals and Btx, D2R =3 RBs, possible repetition number (R) or SFS factor within the same duration may be as below:
[0286] · for M=1, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2,3, 4, 5, 6, …, 72; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 71, and thus a maximum bitwidth for the SFS is 7 bits) ;
[0287] · for M=2, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2,3, 4, 5, …, 36; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 35) ;
[0288] · for M=4, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2,3, 4, …, 18; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 17) ;
[0289] · for M=6, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2,3, 4, …, 12; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 11) ;
[0290] · for M=8, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2,3, 4, …, 9; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 8) ;
[0291] · for M=12, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2,3, 4, …, 6; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 5) ;
[0292] · for M=16, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3, 4; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 3) ;
[0293] · for M=24, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2, 3; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 2) ;
[0294] · for M=32, possible repetition number within the same duration may be: 2; (the number of possible values of the SFS is equal to 1) .
[0295] In such embodiments, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 71+35+17+11+8+5+3+2+1 = 153. The number of bits carrying the sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS may be determined based on Thus, a bitwidth for the SFS is bits. If M=1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24 or 32 and no SFS is also included, a sum of the numbers of possible values of the SFS is equal to 162 and a bitwidth for the SFS may be bits.
[0296] It shall be understood that the embodiments described above may be combined with each other. The scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
[0297] Fig. 11 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 1100 in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the method 1100 can be implemented at a device, such as the first device 110 as shown in Fig. 1, 2, 3A or 3B. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1100 will be described with reference to Fig. 1, 2, 3A or 3B as performed by the first device 110 without loss of generality.
[0298] At block 1110, the first device 110 determines a bitwidth for information related to an SFS for transmission from the second device 120 to the first device 110.
[0299] At block 1120, the first device 110 transmits, to the second device, control information for the transmission from the second device 120 to the first device 110. The control information comprises at least the information related to the SFS.
[0300] At block 1130, the first device 110 receives the transmission based on the information related to the SFS or the SFS.
[0301] In some embodiments, determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS may comprise: based on information related to frequency domain resources for the transmission.
[0302] In some embodiments, the method 1100 may further comprise: determining a repetition number or small-frequency-shift factor for the transmission based on the information related to the SFS and mapping between the information related to the SFS and the repetition number or small-frequency-shift factor.
[0303] In some embodiments, determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS may comprise determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on the following: information related to frequency domain resources for the transmission, and information related to a chip duration or chip length.
[0304] In some embodiments, the information related to the SFS may comprise information related to the SFS and a chip duration or chip length. In such embodiments, determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS may comprise: determining a bitwidth for the information related to the SFS and the chip duration or chip length based on information related to frequency domain resources for the transmission.
[0305] In some embodiments, the method 1100 may further comprise determining a repetition number or small-frequency-shift factor for the transmission based on the information related to the SFS and the chip duration or chip length and mapping between the following: the information related to frequency domain resources, and a parameter related to the repetition number.
[0306] In some embodiments, determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS may comprise determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on the following: a minimum SFS with respect to a tone of a carrier wave, and a minimum gap between the SFS and a second SFS.
[0307] In some embodiments, determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS may comprise determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on one of the following: a size of a subchannel for the transmission, or a size of a channel subset.
[0308] In some embodiments, determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS may comprise determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on a status of a carrier wave.
[0309] In some embodiments, the control information indicates the status of the carrier wave.
[0310] In some embodiments, the status of the carrier wave may comprise one of the following: single-tone without hopping, two-tone, or single tone with hopping.
[0311] In some embodiments, the method 1100 may further comprise: receiving, from the second device 120, capability information of supporting single-side band signals. In such embodiments, determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS may comprise determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on the capability information.
[0312] In some embodiments, the control information may further comprise an indication indicating whether single-side band or double-side band is to be used for the transmission.
[0313] Fig. 12 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 1200 in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the method 1200 can be implemented at a device, such as the second device 120 as shown in Fig. 1, 2, 3A or 3B. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1200 will be described with reference to Fig. 1, 2, 3A or 3B as performed by the second device 120 without loss of generality.
[0314] At block 1210, the second device 120 receives, from the first device 110, control information for transmission from the second device 120 to the first device 110. The control information may comprise at least information related to an SFS for the transmission.
[0315] At block 1220, the second device 120 performs the transmission based on the information related to the SFS.
[0316] In some embodiments, receiving the control information may comprise determining a bitwidth for the information related to the SFS in the control information.
[0317] In some embodiments, determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS may comprise determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on information related to frequency domain resources for the transmission.
[0318] In some embodiments, the method 1200 may further comprise: determining a repetition number or small-frequency-shift factor for the transmission based on the information related to the SFS and mapping between the information related to the SFS and the repetition number or small-frequency-shift factor.
[0319] In some embodiments, determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS may comprise determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on the following: information related to frequency domain resources for the transmission, and information related to a chip duration or chip length.
[0320] In some embodiments, the information related to the SFS may comprise information related to the SFS and a chip duration or chip length. In such embodiments, determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS may comprise: determining a bitwidth for the information related to the SFS and the chip duration or chip length based on information related to frequency domain resources for the transmission.
[0321] In some embodiments, the method 1200 may further comprise determining a repetition number or small-frequency-shift factor for the transmission based on the information related to the SFS and the chip duration or chip length and mapping between the following: the information related to frequency domain resources, and a parameter related to the repetition number.
[0322] In some embodiments, determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS may comprise determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on the following: a minimum SFS with respect to a tone of a carrier wave, and a minimum gap between the SFS and a second SFS.
[0323] In some embodiments, determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS may comprise determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on one of the following: a size of a subchannel for the transmission, or a size of a channel subset.
[0324] In some embodiments, determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS may comprise determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on a status of a carrier wave.
[0325] In some embodiments, the control information indicates the status of the carrier wave.
[0326] In some embodiments, the status of the carrier wave may comprise one of the following: single-tone without hopping, two-tone, or single tone with hopping.
[0327] In some embodiments, the method 1200 may further comprise: transmitting, to the first device 110, capability information of supporting single-side band signals. In such embodiments, determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS may comprise determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on the capability information
[0328] In some embodiments, the control information may further comprise an indication indicating whether single-side band or double-side band is to be used for the transmission. In such embodiments, determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS may comprise determining the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on the capability information and the indication.
[0329] Fig. 13 is a simplified block diagram of a device 1300 that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 1300 can be considered as a further example embodiment of the first device 110 or the second device 120 as shown in Fig. 1, 2, 3A or 3B. Accordingly, the device 1300 can be implemented at or as at least a part of the first device 110 or the second device 120.
[0330] As shown, the device 1300 includes a processor 1310, a memory 1320 coupled to the processor 1310, a suitable transceiver 1340 coupled to the processor 1310, and a communication interface coupled to the transceiver 1340. The memory 1310 stores at least a part of a program 1330. The transceiver 1340 may be for bidirectional communications or a unidirectional communication based on requirements. The transceiver 1340 may include at least one of a transmitter 1342 and a receiver 1344. The transmitter 1342 and the receiver 1344 may be functional modules or physical entities. The transceiver 1340 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication, though in practice an Access Node mentioned in this application may have several ones. The communication interface may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements, such as X2 / Xn interface for bidirectional communications between eNBs / gNBs, S1 / NG interface for communication between a Mobility Management Entity (MME) / Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) / SGW / UPF and the eNB / gNB, Un interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a relay node (RN) , or Uu interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a terminal device.
[0331] The components included in the apparatuses and / or devices of the present disclosure may be implemented in various manners, including software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. In one embodiment, one or more units may be implemented using software and / or firmware, for example, machine-executable instructions stored on the storage medium. In addition to or instead of machine-executable instructions, parts or all of the units in the apparatuses and / or devices may be implemented, at least in part, by one or more hardware logic components. For example, and without limitation, illustrative types of hardware logic components that can be used include Field-programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) , Application-specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) , Application-specific Standard Products (ASSPs) , System-on-a-chip systems (SOCs) , Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLDs) , and the like.
Claims
A first device, comprising:a processor configured to cause the first device to:determine a bitwidth for information related to a small frequency shift (SFS) for transmission from a second device to the first device;transmit, to the second device, control information for the transmission from the second device to the first device, wherein the control information comprises at least the information related to the SFS; andreceive the transmission based on the information related to the SFS or the SFS.The first device of claim 1, wherein the first device is caused to determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on information related to frequency domain resources for the transmission.The first device of claim 2, wherein the first device is further caused to:determine a repetition number or small-frequency-shift factor for the transmission based on the information related to the SFS and mapping between the information related to the SFS and the repetition number or small-frequency-shift factor.The first device of claim 1, wherein the first device is caused to determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on the following:information related to frequency domain resources for the transmission, andinformation related to a chip duration or chip length.The first device of claim 1, wherein the information related to the SFS comprises information related to the SFS and a chip duration or chip length; andwherein the first device is caused to determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS by:determining a bitwidth for the information related to the SFS and the chip duration or chip length based on information related to frequency domain resources for the transmission.The first device of claim 5, wherein the first device is further caused to:determine a repetition number or small-frequency-shift factor for the transmission based on the information related to the SFS and the chip duration or chip length and mapping between the following:the information related to frequency domain resources, anda parameter related to the repetition number or a parameter related to the small-frequency-shift factor.The first device of claim 1, wherein the first device is caused to determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on the following:a minimum SFS with respect to a tone of a carrier wave, anda minimum gap between the SFS and a second SFS.The first device of claim 1, wherein the first device is caused to determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on one of the following:a size of a subchannel for the transmission, ora size of a channel subset.The first device of claim 1, wherein the first device is caused to determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on a status of a carrier wave.The first device of claim 9, wherein the control information indicates the status of the carrier wave.The first device of claim 9 or 10, wherein the status of the carrier wave comprises one of the following:single-tone without hopping,two-tone, orsingle tone with hopping.The first device of claim 1, wherein the first device is further caused to:receive, from the second device, capability information of supporting single-side band signals;wherein the first device is caused to determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on the capability information.The first device of claim 12, wherein the control information further comprises an indication indicating whether single-side band or double-side band is to be used for the transmission.A second device, comprising:a processor configured to cause the second device to:receive, from the first device, control information for transmission from the second device to the first device, wherein the control information comprises at least information related to a small frequency shift (SFS) for the transmission; andperform the transmission based on the information related to the SFS.The second device of claim 14, wherein the second device is caused to receive the control information by:determining a bitwidth for the information related to the SFS in the control information.The second device of claim 15, wherein the second device is caused to determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on information related to frequency domain resources for the transmission.The second device of claim 16, wherein the second device is further caused to:determine a repetition number or small-frequency-shift factor for the transmission based on the information related to the SFS and mapping between the information related to the SFS and the repetition number or small-frequency-shift factor.The second device of claim 15, wherein the second device is caused to determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on the following:information related to frequency domain resources for the transmission, andinformation related to a chip duration or chip length.The second device of claim 15, wherein the information related to the SFS comprises information related to the SFS and a chip duration or chip length; andwherein the second device is caused to determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS by:determining a bitwidth for the information related to the SFS and the chip duration or chip length based on information related to frequency domain resources for the transmission.The second device of claim 19, wherein the second device is further caused to:determine a repetition number or small-frequency-shift factor for the transmission based on the information related to the SFS and the chip duration or chip length and mapping between the following:the information related to frequency domain resources, anda parameter related to the repetition number or a parameter related to the small-frequency-shift factor.The second device of claim 15, wherein the second device is caused to determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on the following:a minimum SFS with respect to a tone of a carrier wave, anda minimum gap between the SFS and a second SFS.The second device of claim 15, wherein the second device is caused to determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on one of the following:a size of a subchannel for the transmission, ora size of a channel subset.The second device of claim 15, wherein the second device is caused to determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on a status of a carrier wave.The second device of claim 23, wherein the control information indicates the status of the carrier wave.The second device of claim 23 or 24, wherein the status of the carrier wave comprises one of the following:single-tone without hopping,two-tone, orsingle tone with hopping.The second device of claim 15, wherein the second device is further caused to:transmit, to the first device, capability information of supporting single-side band signals;wherein the second device is caused to determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on the capability information.The second device of claim 26, wherein the control information further comprises an indication indicating whether single-side band or double-side band is to be used for the transmission; andwherein the second device is caused to determine the bitwidth for the information related to the SFS based on the capability information and the indication.A method for communication, comprising:determining a bitwidth for information related to a small frequency shift (SFS) for transmission from a second device to the first device;transmitting, to the second device, control information for the transmission from the second device to the first device, wherein the control information comprises at least the information related to the SFS; andreceiving the transmission based on the information related to the SFS or the SFS.A method for communication, comprising:receiving, from the first device, control information for transmission from the second device to the first device, wherein the control information comprises at least information related to a small frequency shift (SFS) for the transmission; andperforming the transmission based on the information related to the SFS.A computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor of a device, causing the device to carry out the method according to claim 28 or 29.