Radiating element, antenna, communication device, and communication system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications, and discloses a radiating element, an antenna, a communication device, and a communication system. The radiating element comprises a first radiator and a first feeding structure, wherein the first radiator comprises a layer structure, the layer structure comprises a plurality of metal units and one or more first metal stubs, any two adjacent metal units are spaced apart, and each first metal stub is connected to two metal units. The first feeding structure is used for feeding the first radiator. In the present application, the radiating element composed of the first feeding structure and the first radiator can ensure normal operation of its own frequency band while achieving decoupling of other frequency bands, thereby improving radiation characteristics of the antenna in different frequency bands and enhancing antenna performance.

Description

Radiating elements, antennas, communication equipment and communication systems

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411642384.7, filed on November 15, 2024, entitled "Radiating Element, Antenna, Communication Equipment and Communication System", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a radiating element, antenna, communication device, and communication system. Background Technology

[0004] As a crucial component of a base station system, the base station antenna enables the radiation and reception of wireless signals, achieving effective signal coverage. To meet the ever-increasing communication demands of base stations, base station antennas often need to be compatible with multi-standard, multi-frequency operating environments. Therefore, base station antennas typically employ a multi-frequency antenna design that combines high-frequency and low-frequency radiating elements. In multi-frequency base station antennas, the operating wavelength of the low-frequency radiating element is much larger than that of the high-frequency radiating element. This causes the low-frequency radiating element to receive energy radiated by the high-frequency radiating element, thus affecting the radiation and transmission characteristics of the high-frequency radiating element, and consequently impacting the overall performance of the base station antenna. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a radiating element, an antenna, a communication device, and a communication system to improve the radiation performance of the radiating element.

[0006] Firstly, this application provides a radiating element, which includes a first radiator and a first feeding structure. The first radiator includes a layered structure, which may include multiple metal units and one or more first metal branches. Any two adjacent metal units are spaced apart, and the first metal branches can connect two metal units. The first feeding structure powers the first radiator, and the first feeding structure and the first radiator together constitute the first radiating element. Based on the structural design of the first radiator, the first radiating element formed by the first radiator and the first feeding structure can ensure normal operation of its own frequency band while decoupling from other frequency bands, thereby improving the antenna's radiation characteristics in different frequency bands and enhancing the antenna's communication capability.

[0007] In some implementations, the shape and size of the metal units can be designed according to the frequency band of the first radiating unit and the frequency band to be decoupled. For example, the shapes and sizes of multiple metal units can all be the same; or, among the multiple metal units, at least two metal units may have different shapes and sizes.

[0008] In some implementations, the first metal branch can be used to connect two adjacent metal units, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the first radiator while enabling it to achieve better radiation performance.

[0009] In some implementations, the antenna further includes a second feeding structure for feeding the first radiator. The second feeding structure and the first radiator can constitute a second radiating element, and the second radiating element and the first radiating element share the first radiator.

[0010] In some implementations, the first feeding structure can be used to transmit radio frequency signals in a first frequency band, and the second feeding structure can be used to transmit radio frequency signals in a second frequency band, where the first and second frequency bands are different. In this solution, the second frequency band is the frequency band that the first radiating element needs to decouple. Based on the structural design of the first radiator, the first radiating element can operate normally in its own frequency band while being able to decouple the signal in the second frequency band, thereby ensuring the radiation characteristics of the antenna in different frequency bands.

[0011] In some implementations, the plurality of metal units includes a first metal unit with the largest size, the largest of a plurality of dimensional parameters of which is S. max The wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the second frequency band is λ0, S max With λ0, S satisfies: max ≤1 / 4*λ0. Under the condition of satisfying the above size relationship, the decoupling effect of the first radiating element on the second frequency band can be further improved, thereby further improving the performance of the antenna.

[0012] In some implementations, the radiating unit further includes a second radiator and a third feeding structure. The third feeding structure is used to power the second radiator, and the third feeding structure and the second radiator can constitute a third radiating unit. The first radiating unit and the third radiating unit are set up independently, and each uses its own radiator to transmit and receive wireless signals.

[0013] In some implementations, the first feeding structure can be used to transmit radio frequency signals in the first frequency band, and the third feeding structure can be used to transmit radio frequency signals in the third frequency band, which are different from the first and third frequency bands. In this scheme, the third frequency band is the frequency band that the first radiating element needs to decouple. Based on the structural design of the first radiator, the first radiating element can operate normally in its own frequency band while being able to decouple the signal in the third frequency band, thereby ensuring the radiation characteristics of the antenna in different frequency bands.

[0014] In some implementations, the plurality of metal units includes a first metal unit with the largest size, the largest of a plurality of dimensional parameters of which is S. max The wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the third frequency band is λ0, S max With λ0, S satisfies: max ≤1 / 4*λ0. Under the condition of satisfying the above size relationship, the decoupling effect of the first radiating element on the third frequency band can be further improved, thereby further improving the performance of the antenna.

[0015] In some implementations, the radiating element comprises multiple layered structures stacked sequentially. Increasing the number of layered structures allows for greater design freedom in the radiating element, thereby contributing to better radiation characteristics.

[0016] In some implementations, one or more second metal branches are provided between any two adjacent layer structures. One end of the second metal branch is connected to a metal unit in one of the layer structures, and the other end is connected to a metal unit in the other layer structure. Connecting the metal units of the two layer structures using second metal branches allows the first radiator to introduce a vertical electromagnetic component, thereby helping to further increase the design freedom of the radiating unit.

[0017] In some implementations, the stacking direction of multiple layer structures is defined as the first direction, and the projections of the two metal units connected by the second metal branch at least partially overlap in the first direction. This can reduce the difficulty of setting up the second metal branch and reduce the risk of interference between multiple second metal branches.

[0018] In some implementations, the second metal branch can also connect two metal units that are offset from each other in the two layer structures. For example, the second metal branch can connect the two offset metal units by being angled or by employing a bending design.

[0019] In some implementations, the shape, size, number, and arrangement of the multiple metal units in the multi-layer structure can be designed according to the frequency band of the first radiating unit and the frequency band to be decoupled. For example, the shape, size, number, and arrangement of the multiple metal units in the multi-layer structure can all be the same; or, at least one of the shape, size, number, and arrangement of the multiple metal units in the multi-layer structure can be different.

[0020] In some embodiments, the metal unit is a metal sheet, and the shape of the metal unit includes, but is not limited to, a rectangle, rhombus, circle, ring, or other regular or irregular shape. In other embodiments, the metal unit is a metal block, and the shape of the metal block includes, but is not limited to, a cuboid, cylinder, prism, pyramid, or other regular or irregular columnar shape.

[0021] In some implementations, in the layered structure of the first radiator, multiple metal units can be connected into a whole through one or more first metal branches. When the first radiator includes multiple layered structures, the multiple layered structures can be connected into a whole through one or more first metal branches and one or more second metal branches. In this case, the first radiator can be formed by methods such as 3D printing, thus simplifying the fabrication process of the radiating units.

[0022] In some embodiments, the first radiator further includes a dielectric substrate, with multiple metal units and one or more metal branches formed on the surface of the dielectric substrate to support it, so that the layer structure can maintain a stable structural morphology.

[0023] When multiple layered structures are connected into a whole through the first metal branch and / or the second metal branch, if the whole structure itself has a certain structural stability, the layered structure may not include the aforementioned dielectric substrate, so as to reduce the manufacturing cost of the first radiator.

[0024] In some implementations, the first radiating element, which consists of the first radiator and the first feeding structure, can be a dual-polarized radiating element to provide better communication quality.

[0025] In some implementations, the first feeding structure can feed the first radiator via a direct connection, such as balun direct feeding, coaxial direct feeding, etc.

[0026] For example, the first feeding structure can be a balun. The first feeding structure includes a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate. The first dielectric substrate is provided with a first polarization circuit, and the second dielectric substrate is provided with a second polarization circuit. The first polarization circuit and the second polarization circuit are electrically connected to the first radiator to transmit radio frequency signals in the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction to the first radiator, respectively.

[0027] In one implementation, the first polarization circuit can be connected to one metal unit in the first radiator, or to multiple or all metal units in the first radiator; the second polarization circuit can be connected to one metal unit in the first radiator, or to multiple or all metal units in the first radiator.

[0028] In some implementations, the first feed structure is coupled to the first radiator. When the first feed structure feeds the first radiator, it generates a first electromagnetic wave, which in turn excites the first radiator to generate a second electromagnetic wave. The second electromagnetic wave can be at the same frequency as the first electromagnetic wave. The second electromagnetic wave has greater energy and a larger aperture than the first electromagnetic wave, thus enabling the first radiator to achieve a greater radiation distance.

[0029] For example, the coupling feeding methods of the first feeding structure include, but are not limited to, slot feeding, probe feeding, patch feeding, dipole feeding, etc.

[0030] Secondly, this application also provides an antenna, which includes a reflector and one or more radiating elements as described in any of the embodiments of the first aspect. A first feeding structure is disposed between the reflector and the first radiator, and the first feeding structure is connected to the reflector. The first radiating element, composed of the first radiator and the first feeding structure, can ensure the normal operation of its own frequency band while decoupling from other frequency bands, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna in different frequency bands and enhancing the antenna's communication capability.

[0031] In some implementations, the antenna further includes a support structure disposed between the reflector and the first radiator, with one end of the support structure fixedly connected to the reflector and the other end fixedly connected to the first radiator, so as to achieve relative fixation between the first radiator and the first reflector.

[0032] In some implementations, the antenna also includes a feed network, with the first feed structure connected to the feed network to feed radio frequency signals from the feed network to the first radiator, or to feed wireless signals received by the first radiator to the feed network.

[0033] Thirdly, this application also provides a communication device, which includes the antenna described in any of the embodiments of the second aspect above. By applying the aforementioned antenna, the communication performance of the communication device can be effectively improved.

[0034] In some implementations, the communication device further includes a radio frequency (RF) processing unit and a baseband processing unit, with the RF processing unit connected to the antenna and the baseband processing unit, respectively. The RF processing unit can be used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signal received by the antenna, and convert it into an intermediate frequency (IF) signal or a baseband signal for transmission to the baseband processing unit. Alternatively, the RF processing unit can be used to up-convert and amplify the IF signal emitted by the baseband processing unit, and then convert it into a wireless signal for transmission via the antenna.

[0035] In some implementations, the radio frequency processing unit is combined with the antenna, or the radio frequency processing unit can be integrated with the antenna, thus forming an active antenna unit.

[0036] Fourthly, this application also provides a communication system, including core network equipment and the communication device described in any of the embodiments of the third aspect above. The communication device is communicatively connected to the core network equipment to realize wireless communication functionality. In the communication system provided by this application, by equipping it with the aforementioned communication device, the signal transmission and reception performance of the communication system can be effectively improved. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario for a communication device;

[0038] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 4 is a partial structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first radiator shown in Figure 4;

[0042] Figure 6 is a partial structural schematic diagram of another antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 7 is a partial structural schematic diagram of another antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 8 is a partial structural diagram of another antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first radiator shown in Figure 8;

[0046] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first radiator shown in Figure 11;

[0049] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0050] Reference numerals: 1000-Communication equipment / base station; 100-Antenna; 110-Feed network; 120-Radiating element; 130-Reflector; 140-Radar radome; 150-First radiator; 151-Layer structure; 1511-Metal element; 1512-First metal branch; 1513-Dielectric substrate; 1514-Second metal branch; 160-First feed structure; 161-First connection port; 162-First dielectric substrate; 163-Second dielectric substrate; 170-Second feed structure; 171-Metal strip; 172-Second connection port; 200-Cable; 300-Grounding device; 400-Mounting component; 500-Pole; 600-RF processing unit; 700-Baseband processing unit. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. The same reference numerals in the figures denote the same or similar structures, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted. The terms expressing position and direction described in the embodiments of this application are illustrative based on the accompanying drawings, but changes can be made as needed, and all such changes are included within the scope of protection of this application. The accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this application are only for illustrating relative positional relationships and do not represent actual scale.

[0052] It should be noted that specific details are set forth in the following description to facilitate understanding of this application. However, the embodiments of this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0053] The antenna provided in this application embodiment can be applied in communication equipment such as base stations and radar to enable the communication equipment to achieve wireless communication functions.

[0054] Figure 1 illustrates an application scenario of a communication device. Referring to Figure 1, the communication device is applied in a communication system, enabling wireless communication with terminals within the system. The communication device can be located in a base station subsystem (BBS), a UMTS terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN), or an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN), used for cell coverage of wireless signals to enable communication between terminal devices and the wireless network. Specifically, the communication device can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, a Node B (NB) in a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, an Evolutionary Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, or a radio controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Alternatively, the communication device may be a relay station, access point, vehicle-mounted equipment, wearable device, or g node (gNodeB or gNB) in a new radio (NR) system, or a base station in a future evolved network, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to this.

[0055] The antenna provided in this application embodiment can also be used in access network equipment, which is sometimes also called an access node. Access network equipment has wireless transceiver capabilities for communicating with terminals. Access network equipment includes, but is not limited to, base stations, evolved NodeBs (eNodeBs), transmission reception points (TRPs), next-generation NodeBs (gNBs) in 5G mobile communication systems, future communication networks, access network equipment or modules in Open RAN (ORAN) systems, base stations in future mobile communication systems, or access nodes in WiFi systems. Access network equipment can also be a module or unit capable of implementing some of the functions of a base station. For example, access network equipment can be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU), as described below. In the ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU, DU can also be called open (O)-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CUP-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. The access network equipment can be a macro base station, micro base station, or indoor station, a relay node, a donor node, or a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Optionally, the access network equipment can also be a server, wearable device, or vehicle-mounted equipment. For example, the access network equipment in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology can be a roadside unit (RSU). Multiple access network equipment in the communication system can be base stations of the same type or different types. Base stations can communicate with terminals directly or through relay stations. Terminals can communicate with multiple base stations using different access technologies.

[0056] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figure 2, the communication system includes communication equipment and core network equipment. The communication equipment is communicatively connected to a terminal. The core network equipment includes, but is not limited to, mobility management equipment, serving gateways, and wireless gateways.

[0057] In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the communication device 1000 is used as a base station for illustration. In the following embodiments, the base station and the communication device 1000 use the same reference numerals. The base station 1000 includes a base station antenna feeder system. In practical applications, the base station antenna feeder system mainly includes an antenna 100, a cable 200, and a grounding device 300, etc. The antenna 100 can be mounted on a mast 500 using a mounting bracket 400. The mounting bracket 400 can adjust the downtilt angle of the antenna 100 to adjust the signal coverage range of the antenna 100 to a certain extent.

[0058] In this embodiment, the base station 1000 may further include a radio frequency (RF) processing unit 600 and a baseband processing unit 700. The RF processing unit 600 can perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signal received by the antenna 100, converting it into an intermediate frequency (IF) signal or a baseband signal and sending it to the baseband processing unit 700. Alternatively, the RF processing unit 600 can up-convert and amplify the IF signal emitted by the baseband processing unit 700, converting it into a wireless signal and transmitting it through the antenna 100. The baseband processing unit 700 can be connected to the feed network of the antenna 100 via the RF processing unit 600. In some embodiments, the RF processing unit 600 may also be referred to as a remote radio unit (RRU), and the baseband processing unit 700 may also be referred to as a baseband unit (BBU).

[0059] The radio frequency (RF) processing unit 600 and the baseband processing unit 700 can be connected via a cable. In one embodiment, the RF processing unit 600 and the baseband processing unit 700 may be located at the distal end of the antenna 100. In another embodiment, the RF processing unit 600 may be integrated with the antenna 100, and the baseband processing unit 700 may be located at the distal end of the antenna 100. In this example, the RF processing unit 600 and the antenna 100 may be collectively referred to as an active antenna unit (AAU).

[0060] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figure 3, in this embodiment, the antenna includes a feed network 110 and one or more radiating elements 120. The feed network 110 can transmit radio frequency signals received from the radio frequency processing unit to the radiating elements 120 according to a certain amplitude and phase, or transmit wireless signals received by the radiating elements 120 to the radio frequency processing unit according to a certain amplitude and phase. The radiating element 120 can also be called an antenna element, vibrator, or antenna unit. The radiating element 120 is the unit constituting the basic structure of the antenna 100, and it can effectively transmit or receive electromagnetic waves. The radiating element 120 can be divided into single-polarized and dual-polarized types. In practical applications, the type of radiating element 120 can be reasonably selected according to actual needs.

[0061] In some embodiments, the power supply network 110 may include at least one of devices such as a phase shifter, combiner, drive or calibration network, or filter. This application does not limit the components, type, or functions that the power supply network 110 can achieve.

[0062] In some embodiments, the antenna 100 further includes a reflector 130, and the radiating elements 120 can be arranged in an array on the reflector 130. The reflector 130 can also be referred to as a floor, antenna panel, or reflective surface, etc. When the antenna 100 receives a signal, the reflector 130 can reflect and focus the antenna signal on the receiving point. When the antenna 100 transmits a signal, the signal can be directed to the reflector 130 and reflected back by the reflector 130.

[0063] In some embodiments, the antenna 100 further includes a radome 140, which can be used to house the aforementioned feed network 110, radiating element 120, reflector 130, and other components. The radome 140 has good electromagnetic wave penetration to ensure normal transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves between the radiating element 120 and the outside world. In addition, the radome 140 also has good stress resistance and oxidation resistance to withstand the corrosion of harsh external environments. Exemplarily, the material of the radome 140 includes, but is not limited to, thermosetting and thermoplastic materials such as fiberglass, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), or plastics copolymerized from styrene, acrylonitrile, and acrylate rubber (ASA plastic).

[0064] Currently, the number of antennas on base station towers is increasing, while the available space on base station towers is limited. Therefore, multi-band antennas that integrate antenna arrays of multiple frequency bands have become the mainstream development direction for base station antennas. Common multi-band antennas include dual-band antennas and tri-band antennas. It can be understood that a dual-band antenna is an antenna with two operating frequency bands, and a tri-band antenna is an antenna with three operating frequency bands.

[0065] Taking a dual-band antenna as an example, a dual-band antenna includes a low-frequency radiating element and a high-frequency radiating element. As those skilled in the art know, the operating wavelength of the low-frequency radiating element is much larger than that of the high-frequency radiating element, which results in the low-frequency radiating element having a stronger ability to receive the energy radiated by the high-frequency radiating element. This will affect the radiation characteristics and transmission characteristics of the high-frequency radiating element, and thus have an adverse effect on the overall communication performance of the antenna.

[0066] Therefore, embodiments of this application provide an antenna to reduce coupling between different operating frequency bands of the antenna and improve antenna performance. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0067] Figure 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram of an antenna 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figure 4, in this embodiment, a radiating element 120 is disposed on one side surface of a reflector 130. The radiating element 120 includes a first radiator 150 and a first feeding structure 160. The first feeding structure 160 is connected to a feeding network. The first feeding structure 160 can feed radio frequency signals from the feeding network to the first radiator 150, or feed wireless signals received by the first radiator 150 back to the feeding network. The first feeding structure 160 and the first radiator 150 can constitute a first radiating element. The first radiating element can be a single-polarized radiating element or a dual-polarized radiating element.

[0068] In this embodiment, the antenna 100 may include one or more first radiating elements composed of a first feeding structure 160 and a first radiator 150. When there are multiple first radiating elements, they are arranged in an array on one side surface of the reflector 130. The first feeding structure 160 can be used to transmit radio frequency signals in a first frequency band, which is the operating frequency band of the first radiating elements.

[0069] The first feeding structure 160 can be disposed between the reflector 130 and the first radiator 150. In one implementation, the first feeding structure 160 can feed the first radiator 150 through coupling. When the first feeding structure 160 couples to the first radiator 150, the first feeding structure 160 generates a first electromagnetic wave, which in turn excites the first radiator 150 to generate a second electromagnetic wave. The second electromagnetic wave and the first electromagnetic wave can have the same frequency or different frequencies; this application does not limit this. The second electromagnetic wave has greater energy and a larger aperture than the first electromagnetic wave, thus enabling the first radiator 150 to achieve a greater radiation distance. Exemplarily, the coupling feeding method of the first feeding structure 160 includes, but is not limited to, slot feeding, probe feeding, patch feeding, dipole feeding, etc.

[0070] In another implementation, the first feeding structure 160 can feed the first radiator 150 in a direct connection manner, such as balun direct connection feeding, coaxial direct connection feeding, etc.

[0071] For example, in this embodiment, the first feed structure 160 is in the form of a patch, and the first feed structure 160 is spaced apart from the reflector and the first radiator 150. The first feed structure 160 can be connected to the feed line of the feed network. In one implementation, the feed line is a coaxial line, and the first feed structure 160 includes a first connection port 161. The inner conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the first connection port 161 of the first feed structure 160 to transmit radio frequency signals between the feed network and the first feed structure 160. The outer conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the reflector to achieve grounding.

[0072] When the first radiating unit is a dual-polarized radiating unit, the first feeding structure 160 includes two first connection ports 161. Each first connection port 161 is connected to the feeding network via a coaxial line. One of the first connection ports 161 is used to transmit radio frequency signals in the first polarization direction, and the other first port is used to transmit radio frequency signals in the second polarization direction. The first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are orthogonal.

[0073] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first radiator 150 shown in Figure 4. Referring to Figures 4 and 5 together, the first radiator 150 includes a layer structure 151, which includes metal units 1511 and first metal branches 1512. There are multiple metal units 1511, and any two adjacent metal units 1511 are spaced apart. The multiple metal units 1511 can be arranged in an ordered or disordered manner, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this. There can be one or more first metal branches 1512, and the first metal branches 1512 can be used to connect two metal units 1511. In a specific implementation, each first metal branch 1512 can be used to connect two metal units 1511, or some first metal branches 1512 may only be connected to one metal unit 1511 or not connected to any metal unit 1511.

[0074] The shape of the metal unit 1511 is not limited. In one implementation, the multiple metal units 1511 can be thin metal sheet structures, such as, but not limited to, sheet bodies, metal plating, or metal coatings.

[0075] In one embodiment of this application, the multiple metal units 1511 may have the same shape and the same size. In a specific implementation, the multiple metal units 1511 may be any shape among rectangles, rhombuses, circles, rings, or other regular or irregular shapes with the same size. For example, the multiple metal units 1511 are rectangular metal sheets of the same size, and the multiple metal units 1511 are arranged in an array.

[0076] In another embodiment of this application, at least two of the plurality of metal units 1511 have different shapes and sizes. For example, in one implementation, at least two metal units 1511 have different shapes and sizes. For example, the shapes of the plurality of metal units 1511 may include at least two of the following: rectangular, rhomboid, circular, annular, or other regular or irregular shapes. In another implementation, at least two metal units 1511 have the same shape but different sizes. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the plurality of metal units 1511 are rectangular metal sheets of different sizes.

[0077] In some embodiments, the first metal branch 1512 connects two adjacent metal units 1511 to reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the first radiator 150 while enabling it to achieve better radiation performance. Of course, in other embodiments, the first metal branch 1512 may also connect two metal units 1511 separated by other metal units 1511; this design is also within the scope of protection of the embodiments described in this application.

[0078] In one implementation, any two adjacent metal units 1511 can be connected by a first metal branch 1512, thus multiple metal units 1511 can be connected into a whole by multiple first metal branches 1512. In another implementation, in some of the metal units 1511, any two metal units 1511 are connected by a first metal branch 1512, while the other metal units 1511 are not connected.

[0079] The shape and arrangement of the metal unit 1511 and the location of the first metal branch 1512 can be determined by relevant algorithms or simulations so that the first radiating unit can ensure the normal operation of its own frequency band (i.e., the first frequency band) while decoupling from other frequency bands, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna in different frequency bands and enhancing the performance of the antenna.

[0080] In some embodiments, the layer structure 151 may further include a dielectric substrate 1513, which can be used to support the metal unit 1511 and the first metal branch 1512, so that the layer structure 151 can maintain a stable structural shape. Specifically, the metal unit 1511 and the first metal branch 1512 are disposed on the surface of the dielectric substrate 1513 facing away from the first power supply structure 160. In this case, the metal unit 1511 and the first metal branch 1512 can be formed on the surface of the dielectric substrate 1513 by an etching process.

[0081] When multiple metal units 1511 are connected into a single structure via multiple first metal branches 1512, if the single structure itself possesses a certain degree of structural stability, the layer structure 151 may not include the aforementioned dielectric substrate 1513. In this case, the layer structure 151 can be formed by etching or by methods such as 3D printing.

[0082] In some embodiments, the antenna 100 further includes a support structure disposed between the reflector 130 and the first radiator 150, with one end of the support structure fixedly connected to the reflector 130 and the other end fixedly connected to the first radiator 150, so as to support the first radiator 150 above the first feeding structure 160.

[0083] Figure 6 is a partial structural schematic diagram of another antenna 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figure 6, the first radiator 150 in this embodiment can adopt the same design as in Figure 5. The difference is that the first feed structure 160 in this embodiment is a balun, so the first feed structure 160 can feed the first radiator 150 through a direct connection. In specific implementation, the first feed structure 160 includes a first dielectric substrate 162 and a second dielectric substrate 163. The first dielectric substrate 162 and the second dielectric substrate 163 are respectively supported between the reflector 130 and the first radiator 150, and the first dielectric substrate 162 and the second dielectric substrate 163 are arranged crosswise. For example, one end of the first dielectric plate 162 facing the first radiator 150 can be inserted into the first radiator 150, and the other end of the first dielectric plate 162 facing the reflector 130 can be inserted into the reflector 130; similarly, one end of the second dielectric plate 163 facing the first radiator 150 can be inserted into the first radiator 150, and the other end of the second dielectric plate 163 facing the reflector 130 can be inserted into the reflector 130.

[0084] A first dielectric substrate 162 is provided with a first polarization circuit, and a second dielectric substrate 163 is provided with a second polarization circuit. The first polarization circuit is connected to both the feed network and the first radiator 150 to transmit radio frequency signals in a first polarization direction between the feed network and the first radiator 150. Exemplarily, the first polarization circuit may be connected to one or more metal units in the first radiator 150. The second polarization circuit is connected to both the feed network and the first radiator 150 to transmit radio frequency signals in a second polarization direction between the feed network and the first radiator 150. Exemplarily, the second polarization circuit may be connected to one or more metal units in the first radiator 150.

[0085] Figure 7 is a partial structural schematic diagram of another antenna 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figure 7, the first radiator 150 and the first feed structure 160 can refer to the designs described in the embodiments shown in Figures 4 and 5, or they can also adopt the designs described in the embodiment shown in Figure 6. The structures of the first radiator 150 and the first feed structure 160 will not be described in detail here. In this embodiment, the radiating element 120 also includes a second feed structure 170. The second feed structure 170 is connected to the feed network. The second feed structure 170 can feed the radio frequency signal from the feed network to the first radiator 150, or feed the wireless signal received by the first radiator 150 back to the feed network. The second feed structure 170 and the first radiator 150 can jointly constitute the second radiating element of the antenna. Therefore, the second radiating element shares the first radiator 150 with the first radiating element. The second radiating element can be a single-polarized radiating element or a dual-polarized radiating element.

[0086] The second feeding structure 170 can be used to transmit signals in the second frequency band, which is the operating frequency band of the second radiating element. The second frequency band differs from the first frequency band. In this embodiment, the second frequency band is the frequency band that the first radiating element needs to decouple from. The second frequency band can be higher or lower than the first frequency band. When both the first and second radiating elements are dual-polarized radiating elements, the antenna 100 provided in this embodiment is a dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna.

[0087] The second feeding structure 170 can also be disposed between the reflector and the first radiator 150. The direction perpendicular to the reflector is defined as the first direction. The orthographic projection of the second feeding structure 170 in the first direction may not coincide with the orthographic projection of the first feeding structure 160 in the first direction to avoid interference between the transmitted signals. Similar to the first feeding structure 160, the second feeding structure 170 can feed the first radiator 150 through coupling feeding methods such as slot feeding, probe feeding, patch feeding, and dipole feeding, or it can also feed the first radiator 150 through direct feeding methods such as balun feeding and coaxial feeding.

[0088] For example, in this embodiment, the second feed structure 170 is in the form of a probe. The second feed structure 170 includes a metal strip 171, which is spaced apart from the reflector and the first radiator 150. The metal strip 171 can be connected to the feed line of the feed network. In a specific implementation, the feed line is a coaxial line. The second feed structure 170 includes a second connection port 172 disposed on the metal strip 171. The inner conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the second connection port 172 of the second feed structure 170 to transmit radio frequency signals between the feed network and the second feed structure 170. The outer conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the reflector to achieve grounding.

[0089] When the second radiating element is a dual-polarized radiating element, the second feed structure 170 includes two metal strips 171, which are intersected and spaced apart. The second connection ports 172 of the two metal strips 171 are respectively connected to the feed lines of the feed network. The second connection port 172 of one metal strip 171 is used to transmit radio frequency signals in the first polarization direction, and the second connection port 172 of the other metal strip 171 is used to transmit radio frequency signals in the second polarization direction. The first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are orthogonal.

[0090] When antenna 100 is in operation, the first radiating element, composed of the first feeding structure 160 and the first radiator 150, is used for transmitting and receiving signals in the first frequency band, and the second radiating element, composed of the second feeding structure 170 and the first radiator 150, is used for transmitting and receiving signals in the second frequency band, enabling antenna 100 to simultaneously achieve dual-frequency operation. Furthermore, based on the structural design of the first radiator 150, the first radiating element can operate normally in its own frequency band while decoupling signals in the second frequency band, thereby ensuring the radiation characteristics of antenna 100 in different frequency bands and improving antenna performance.

[0091] In other examples of dual-band antenna implementations, the radiating element includes a first radiator and a first feeding structure, a second radiator and a third feeding structure. The first feeding structure transmits radio frequency signals in a first frequency band and powers the first radiator. The third feeding structure transmits radio frequency signals in a third frequency band and powers the second radiator. The third frequency band is different from the second frequency band. The first feeding structure and the first radiator constitute the first radiating element operating in the first frequency band, and the second feeding structure and the second radiator constitute the third radiating element operating in the third frequency band. The first and third radiating elements are independently configured, each using its own radiator to transmit and receive wireless signals.

[0092] The second radiator can be designed with reference to the radiator structure in related technologies, and the third feeding structure can feed the second radiator through coupling or direct connection. The first feeding structure and the first radiator can be designed with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here. Based on the structural design of the first radiator, the first radiating element can operate normally in its own frequency band while decoupling the signal in the third frequency band, thereby ensuring the radiation characteristics of the antenna in different frequency bands and improving the antenna performance.

[0093] Furthermore, for the dual-band antennas in the aforementioned embodiments, in the layer structure 151 of the first radiator 150, the plurality of metal units 1511 include a first metal unit with the largest size, and the maximum value among the plurality of size parameters of the first metal unit is S. max The wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the second frequency band is λ0, S max With λ0, S satisfies: max ≤1 / 4*λ0. Under the condition of satisfying the above size relationship, the decoupling effect of the first radiating element on other frequency bands can be further improved, thereby further enhancing the antenna performance. The shape of the first metal element 1511 can be any of the aforementioned rectangular, rhomboid, circular, or other shapes. For example, when the first metal element 1511 is rectangular or rhomboid, S... maxIt can be the length of the long side of the first metal unit 1511; when the first metal unit 1511 is circular, S max It can be the diameter of the metal unit 1511.

[0094] Figure 8 is a partial structural schematic diagram of another antenna 100 provided in this application embodiment, and Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the first radiator 150 shown in Figure 8. Referring to Figures 8 and 9 together, the main difference between this embodiment and the previous embodiments lies in the first radiator 150. The first feeding structure 160 can adopt the same or similar design as the embodiments shown in Figures 4 to 7, which will not be repeated here. In this embodiment, the first radiator 150 may include multiple layer structures 151, which are stacked sequentially along a first direction. Each layer structure 151 includes multiple metal units 1511 and one or more first metal branches 1512. Any two adjacent metal units 1511 are spaced apart, and the first metal branches 1512 connect the two metal units 1511. By designing the first radiator 150 as a multi-layer structure 151, the design freedom of the radiating unit 120 can be increased, which helps the radiating unit 120 to achieve better radiation characteristics. The shape and size of the multiple metal units 1511 of each layer structure 151 can be designed with reference to the embodiments shown in Figures 4 and 5 above, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0095] In one embodiment, the shape, size, quantity, and arrangement of the multiple metal units 1511 of the multiple layer structures 151 can all be the same. For example, the multiple metal units 1511 of each layer structure 151 are rectangular metal sheets of the same size, and the multiple metal units 1511 are arranged in an array.

[0096] In another embodiment, among the plurality of layer structures 151, at least two layer structures 151 have different shapes, sizes, quantities, and arrangements of their plurality of metal units 1511. For example, the plurality of metal units 1511 in at least two layer structures 151 have the same shape and size but different arrangements; or, the plurality of metal units 1511 in at least two layer structures 151 have the same shape, size, and arrangement but different quantities.

[0097] Referring again to Figures 8 and 9, in this embodiment, one or more second metal branches 1514 are provided between any two adjacent layer structures 151. One end of the second metal branch 1514 is connected to a metal unit 1511 of the upper layer structure 151, and the other end of the second metal branch 1514 is connected to a metal unit 1511 of the lower layer structure 151. In a specific implementation, each second metal branch 1514 can be used to connect two metal units 1511 of the upper and lower layer structures, or some second metal branches 1514 may be connected to only one metal unit 1511.

[0098] In one implementation, the projections of the two metal units 1511 connected by the second metal branch 1514 in the first direction at least partially overlap, thereby reducing the difficulty of setting up the second metal branch 1514. Furthermore, when there are multiple second metal branches 1514 between two adjacent layer structures 151, the risk of interference between multiple second metal branches 1514 can also be reduced. Of course, in other implementations, the second metal branch 1514 can also connect two metal units 1511 that are vertically offset. For example, the second metal branch 1514 can connect two upper and lower metal units 1511 by tilting or using a bending design.

[0099] In some embodiments, for one of the layer structures 151 of the first radiator 150, each of the plurality of metal units 1511 of the layer structure 151 is connected to the metal units 1511 of the upper and / or lower layer structures 151 via a second metal branch 1514. The plurality of layer structures 151 of the first radiator 150 can be connected into a whole by first metal branches 1512 within the layer and second metal branches 1514 between the layers. In other embodiments, for one of the layer structures 151 of the first radiator 150, some of the metal units 1511 of the layer structure 151 are connected to the metal units 1511 of the upper and / or lower layer structures 151 via second metal branches 1514.

[0100] The location of the second metal branch 1514 can be determined by relevant algorithms or simulations. By connecting the metal units 1511 of the two layer structures 151 using the second metal branch 1514, the first radiator 150 can be introduced with electromagnetic components in the vertical direction (i.e., the first direction), which helps to further increase the design freedom of the radiation unit 120 and enable the radiation unit 120 to achieve better radiation characteristics.

[0101] In some embodiments, the layer structure 151 may further include a dielectric substrate 1513, which can be used to support the metal unit 1511 and the first metal branch 1512. The metal unit 1511 and the first metal branch 1512 can be formed on the surface of the dielectric substrate 1513 by an etching process. Multiple layer structures 151 may be spaced apart, with adjacent layer structures 151 supported by a support structure. Alternatively, multiple layer structures 151 may be stacked to improve the structural compactness of the first radiator 150.

[0102] When multiple layer structures 151 are stacked sequentially, two adjacent layer structures 151 can share a dielectric substrate 1513. That is, one side surface of the dielectric substrate 1513 can be used to support the metal unit 1511 and the first metal branch 1512 of one layer structure 151, and the other side surface of the dielectric substrate 1513 can be used to support the metal unit 1511 and the first metal branch 1512 of another layer structure 151. This can save the number of dielectric substrates 1513 in the first radiator 150, thereby helping to reduce the weight of the antenna 100 and reduce the cost of the antenna.

[0103] In addition, when two adjacent layer structures 151 can share a dielectric substrate 1513, the second metal branch 1514 between the two layer structures 151 can be a metal via disposed on the dielectric substrate 1513. This design can effectively simplify the manufacturing process of the first radiator 150.

[0104] In one implementation, when the first radiator 150 is connected into an integral structure by one or more first metal branches 1512 and one or more second metal branches 1514, the integral structure itself possesses a certain structural stability, and the layer structure 151 may not include the aforementioned dielectric substrate 1513. In this case, the layer structure 151 can be formed by methods such as 3D printing.

[0105] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of another antenna 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figure 10, in this embodiment, the first radiator 150 can adopt the design of multiple layer structures 151 shown in Figure 9. The difference from the embodiment shown in Figure 9 is that the antenna 100 in this embodiment also includes a second feeding structure 170, which is also used to feed the first radiator 150. The second feeding structure 170 and the first radiator 150 can jointly constitute a second radiating element. Therefore, the second radiating element shares the first radiator 150 with the first radiating element. The second radiating element can be a single-polarized radiating element or a dual-polarized radiating element.

[0106] In this embodiment, based on the multi-layer structure design of the first radiator 150, the design freedom of the radiating unit 120 is greater. For example, when the first radiator 150 includes two layer structures 151, each layer structure 151 can be used as a radiator for one frequency band, thereby helping to improve the radiation performance of the radiating unit 120 in each frequency band.

[0107] The second feeding structure 170 is used to transmit signals in the second frequency band, which is the operating frequency band of the second radiating unit. The second frequency band is different from the first frequency band. In this embodiment, the second frequency band is the frequency band that the first radiating unit needs to decouple from. The second frequency band can be higher or lower than the first frequency band.

[0108] The second feeding structure 170 can also be disposed between the reflector 130 and the first radiator 150. The orthographic projection of the second feeding structure 170 in the first direction may not coincide with the orthographic projection of the first feeding structure 160 in the first direction to avoid interference between the signals transmitted by the two. Similar to the first feeding structure 160, the second feeding structure 170 can feed the first radiator 150 through coupling feeding or through direct feeding. Figure 10 shows a form of probe feeding for the second feeding structure 170.

[0109] When antenna 100 is in operation, the first radiating element, composed of the first feeding structure 160 and the first radiator 150, is used for transmitting and receiving signals in the first frequency band, and the second radiating element, composed of the second feeding structure 170 and the first radiator 150, is used for transmitting and receiving signals in the second frequency band, enabling antenna 100 to simultaneously achieve dual-frequency operation. Furthermore, based on the structural design of the first radiator 150, the first radiating element can operate normally in its own frequency band while decoupling signals in the second frequency band, thereby ensuring the radiation characteristics of antenna 100 in different frequency bands and improving the performance of antenna 100.

[0110] In the plurality of layered structures 151 of the first radiator 150, each layered structure 151 comprises a plurality of metal units 1511 including a first metal unit with the largest size, the maximum value of which among a plurality of dimensional parameters is S. max The wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the second frequency band is λ0, S max With λ0, S satisfies: max ≤1 / 4*λ0. Under the condition of satisfying the above size relationship, the decoupling effect of the first radiating element on the second frequency band can be further improved, thereby further improving the performance of the antenna 100.

[0111] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of another antenna 100 provided in an embodiment of this application, and Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the first radiator 150 shown in Figure 11. Referring to Figures 11 and 12 together, in this embodiment, the radiating element 120 includes a first feeding structure 160 and a first radiator 150, wherein the first feeding structure 160 is used to feed the first radiator 150. The first feeding structure 160 and the first radiator 150 can constitute a first radiating element. The first radiating element can be a single-polarized radiating element or a dual-polarized radiating element.

[0112] In one embodiment, the first feed structure 160 is used to transmit radio frequency signals in a first frequency band. The first feed structure 160 can be disposed between the reflector 130 and the first radiator 150. The first feed structure 160 can feed the first radiator 150 through coupling, such as slot feeding, probe feeding, patch feeding, dipole feeding, etc.; or, the first feed structure 160 can feed the first radiator 150 through direct connection, such as balun direct connection feeding, coaxial direct connection feeding, etc. Figure 11 shows a form of patch feeding for the second feed structure 170.

[0113] The first radiator 150 includes a layer structure 151, which comprises multiple metal units 1511 and one or more first metal branches 1512. Any two adjacent metal units 1511 are spaced apart, and the first metal branches 1512 can be used to connect the two metal units 1511. The multiple metal units 1511 can each be a three-dimensional metal block. Exemplarily, the metal units 1511 can be cuboids, cylinders, prisms, pyramids, or other regular or irregular columnar shapes. The figure illustrates each metal unit 1511 as a cuboid. The first radiator 150 may include one layer structure 151 or multiple layer structures 151. The figure shows an example of the first radiator 150 including multiple layer structures 151, a design that provides the first radiator 150 with a high degree of design freedom.

[0114] In each layer structure 151, the shapes and sizes of the multiple metal units 1511 can be the same, or at least two metal units 1511 can have different shapes and sizes. The shapes, sizes, quantities, and arrangements of the multiple metal units 1511 in the multiple layer structures 151 can be the same, or at least two metal units 1511 in the multiple layer structures 151 can have different shapes, sizes, quantities, and arrangements.

[0115] In addition, one or more second metal branches 1514 can be provided between two adjacent layer structures 151. One end of the second metal branch 1514 is connected to a metal unit 1511 of the upper layer structure 151, and the other end of the second metal branch 1514 is connected to a metal unit 1511 of the lower layer structure 151. By connecting the metal units 1511 of the two layer structures 151 using the second metal branch 1514, the first radiator 150 can introduce an electromagnetic component in the vertical direction (i.e., the first direction), thereby helping to further increase the design freedom of the radiation unit 120 and helping the radiation unit 120 to achieve better radiation characteristics.

[0116] In one embodiment, the layer structure 151 may include a dielectric substrate for supporting metal units 1511 and first metal branches 1512. Each metal unit 1511 may be fabricated individually and then fixed to the surface of the dielectric substrate in an ordered or disordered arrangement. The first metal branches 1512 may be connected to the metal units 1511 by means of welding or conductive adhesive bonding.

[0117] In one embodiment, when the first radiator 150 is connected into a single structure by a plurality of first metal branches 1512 and a plurality of second metal branches 1514, the layer structure 151 may not include the aforementioned dielectric substrate. The layer structure 151 can be formed by methods such as 3D printing.

[0118] In this embodiment, the shape, size, quantity, and arrangement of the metal unit 1511, as well as the placement positions of the first metal branch 1512 and the second metal branch 1514, can be determined by relevant algorithms or simulations, so that the first radiating unit can ensure the normal operation of its own frequency band while decoupling from other frequency bands, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna in different frequency bands and enhancing the performance of the antenna.

[0119] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of another antenna 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figure 13, the first radiator 150 in this embodiment can adopt the same design as in Figure 12. The difference is that the antenna also includes a second feeding structure 170, which is used to feed the first radiator 150. The second feeding structure 170 and the first radiator 150 can jointly constitute a second radiating element. The second radiating element can be a single-polarized radiating element or a dual-polarized radiating element.

[0120] The second feeding structure 170 is used to transmit radio frequency signals in the second frequency band. The second frequency band is different from the first frequency band. In this embodiment, the second frequency band is the frequency band that the first radiating unit needs to decouple. The second frequency band can be higher or lower than the first frequency band.

[0121] The second feeding structure 170 can also be disposed between the reflector 130 and the first radiator 150. The second feeding structure 170 can feed the first radiator 150 through coupling feeding methods such as slot feeding, probe feeding, patch feeding, and dipole feeding, or it can also feed the first radiator 150 through direct feeding methods such as balun feeding and coaxial feeding. Figure 13 shows one form of the second feeding structure 170 using probe feeding.

[0122] In this embodiment, each layer structure 151 includes a plurality of metal units 1511, the largest of which is a first metal unit, and the maximum value of a plurality of dimensional parameters of the first metal unit is S. maxThe wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the second frequency band is λ0, S max With λ0, S satisfies: max ≤1 / 4*λ0. For example, in the case where the first metal unit is a columnar body, S max It can be the height dimension of the first metal unit 1511 along the first direction.

[0123] When antenna 100 is in operation, the first radiating element, composed of the first feeding structure 160 and the first radiator 150, is used for transmitting and receiving signals in the first frequency band, and the second radiating element, composed of the second feeding structure 170 and the first radiator 150, is used for transmitting and receiving signals in the second frequency band, enabling antenna 100 to simultaneously achieve dual-frequency operation. Furthermore, based on the structural design of the first radiator 150, the first radiating element can operate normally in its own frequency band while decoupling signals in the second frequency band, thereby ensuring the radiation characteristics of antenna 100 in different frequency bands and improving antenna performance.

[0124] It is worth noting that, in the embodiments of this application, except for the parallel embodiments which cannot be combined, the technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments; or, in other words, the various technical features provided in the embodiments of this application, whether described in the same embodiment or not, can be combined as long as they are not mutually contradictory or parallel.

[0125] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A radiation unit, characterized by It includes a first radiator and a first feeding structure, wherein, The first radiator includes a layered structure, which includes a plurality of metal units and one or more first metal branches, wherein any two adjacent metal units are spaced apart, and the first metal branches connect the two metal units. The first feeding structure is used to feed the first radiator.

2. The radiation unit of claim 1, characterized in that The plurality of metal units are all identical in shape and size; or, At least one of the shapes and sizes of the two metal units is different.

3. Radiating element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The antenna further includes a second feeding structure for feeding the first radiator.

4. The radiation unit of claim 3, wherein The first feeding structure is used to transmit radio frequency signals in a first frequency band, and the second feeding structure is used to transmit radio frequency signals in a second frequency band. The first frequency band and the second frequency band are different.

5. Radiating element according to claim 4, characterized in that The plurality of metal units includes a first metal unit of largest size, a largest value of a plurality of size parameters of the first metal unit being S max , a center frequency of the second frequency band being f0, a corresponding wavelength being λ0, S max and λ0satisfying: S max ≤ 1 / 4*λ0.

6. The radiation unit as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The antenna also includes a second radiator and a third feeding structure, wherein the third feeding structure is used to feed the second radiator.

7. Radiating element according to any of claims 1-6, characterized in that The layer structure is multiple, and the multiple layer structures are stacked sequentially.

8. Radiating element according to claim 7, characterized in that One or more second metal branches are provided between any two adjacent layer structures, one end of the second metal branch is connected to a metal unit in one of the layer structures, and the other end of the second metal branch is connected to a metal unit in another layer structure.

9. The radiating element of claim 7, wherein, The projections of the two metal units connected by the second metal branch in the first direction at least partially overlap, where the first direction is the arrangement direction of the plurality of layer structures.

10. Radiating element according to any of claims 7-9, characterized in that The multiple metal units of the multiple layer structures are all identical in shape, size, number, and arrangement; or, At least two of the plurality of metal units in the layered structures are different in shape, size, number, or arrangement.

11. Radiating element according to any of claims 1-10, characterized in that The metal unit is a metal sheet or a metal block.

12. Radiating element according to any of claims 1-11, characterized in that The plurality of metal units are connected into a whole through one or more first metal branches.

13. Radiating element according to any of claims 1-12, characterized in that The first radiator further includes a dielectric substrate, and the plurality of metal units and the one or more first metal branches form the surface of the dielectric substrate.

14. Radiating element according to any of claims 1-13, characterized in that The first radiator and the first feeding structure constitute a dual-polarized radiating unit.

15. The radiation unit of claim 14, wherein The first power supply structure is a balun, which includes a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate. The first dielectric substrate is provided with a first polarization circuit, and the second dielectric substrate is provided with a second polarization circuit. The first polarization circuit and the second polarization circuit are respectively electrically connected to the first radiator.

16. Radiating element according to any of claims 1-14, characterized in that The first feeding structure is coupled to the first radiator.

17. An antenna, characterized by It includes a reflector and one or more radiating elements as described in any one of claims 1-16, wherein the first feeding structure is disposed between the reflector and the first radiator, and the first feeding structure is connected to the reflector.

18. The antenna of claim 17, wherein, The antenna also includes a feed network, and the first feed structure is connected to the feed network.

19. A communications device, characterized by Including the antenna as described in claim 17 or 18.

20. The communications device of claim 19, wherein, The communication device further includes a radio frequency processing unit and a baseband processing unit, wherein the radio frequency processing unit is connected to the antenna and the baseband processing unit, respectively.

21. The communications device of claim 20, wherein, The radio frequency processing unit is integrated with the antenna.

22. A communication system, characterized by A communication device as claimed in any one of claims 19-21, comprising a core network device, the communication device being communicatively connected to the core network device.

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