Method and apparatus for transmitting d2r message of ambient IoT terminal

Abstract

A method and an apparatus for transmitting a device-to-reader (D2R) message of an ambient Internet of Things (IoT) terminal are provided. The terminal receives D2R transmission time information for the transmission of the D2R message. In addition, the terminal transmits the D2R message on the basis of the received D2R transmission time information, wherein the D2R transmission time information includes D2R transmission time interval information and / or D2R transmission timing information.

Description

Method and device for transmitting D2R messages of an ambient IoT terminal

[0001] This specification relates to wireless communication applicable to 5G NR, 5G-Advanced, and 6G.

[0002] As the times change and more communication devices demand larger communication traffic, there is a demand for next-generation 5G systems, which are wireless broadband communication systems that are improved over existing LTE systems. In these next-generation 5G systems, referred to as NewRAT, communication scenarios are classified into Enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB), Ultra-reliability and low-latency communication (URLLC), and Massive Machine-Type Communications (mMTC).

[0003] Here, eMBB is a next-generation mobile communication scenario characterized by High Spectrum Efficiency, High User Experienced Data Rate, and High Peak Data Rate; URLLC is a next-generation mobile communication scenario characterized by Ultra Reliable, Ultra Low Latency, and Ultra High Availability (e.g., V2X, Emergency Service, Remote Control); and mMTC is a next-generation mobile communication scenario characterized by Low Cost, Low Energy, Short Packet, and Massive Connectivity (e.g., IoT).

[0004] One disclosure of the present specification is to provide an efficient D2R message transmission method and apparatus for an ambient IoT device, i.e., a terminal, in a wireless communication system.

[0005] One embodiment of the present specification provides a method in which, in a wireless communication system, a terminal receives D2R transmission time information for transmitting a D2R (Device to Reader) message. Additionally, the terminal transmits the D2R message based on the received D2R transmission time information, wherein the D2R transmission time information includes at least one of D2R transmission time interval information and D2R transmission timing information.

[0006] Additionally, one embodiment of the present specification provides a wireless communication system comprising at least one processor and at least one memory that stores instructions and is operablely electrically connected to at least one processor, wherein the operation performed based on the instruction being executed by at least one processor is: receiving D2R transmission time information for transmitting a D2R (Device to Reader) message. Additionally, based on the received D2R transmission time information, the terminal provides a D2R message, wherein the D2R transmission time information includes at least one of D2R transmission time interval information and D2R transmission timing information.

[0007] The above D2R transmission time interval information can define the transmission time interval of the D2R message transmitted in response to the R2D (Reader to Device) message transmitted from the reader. The above D2R transmission timing information can define the transmission timing of the D2R message transmitted in response to the R2D (Reader to Device) message transmitted from the reader.

[0008] Meanwhile, the above D2R transmission time information may be received through a paging message or a message setting a D2R transmission resource. Multiple time domain resources for the transmission of the D2R message are distinguished by the above D2R transmission time information, and the D2R message may be transmitted through one of the multiple time domain resources arbitrarily selected.

[0009] The terminal may receive specific information from the reader for performing at least one of the calculation and correction of the D2R transmission time information. Here, the D2R message is a first message that performs contention-based random access, and the specific information may be configured according to the size of the first message.

[0010] Additionally, the terminal may receive a second message in response to the first message, wherein the second message may include at least one of transmission time interval information and transmission timing information of a subsequent third message.

[0011] According to the disclosure of this specification, ambient IoT devices supporting CBRA (Contention-Based Random Access) in a wireless communication system determine different time contention resources, thereby enabling the stable transmission of D2R (Device to Reader) messages such as Message 1 and / or Message 3.

[0012] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating a wireless communication system.

[0013] Figure 2 illustrates the structure of a wireless frame used in NR.

[0014] FIGS. 3a to 3c are exemplary diagrams illustrating exemplary architectures for wireless communication services.

[0015] Figure 4 illustrates the slot structure of an NR frame.

[0016] Figure 5 illustrates an example of a subframe type in NR.

[0017] Figure 6 illustrates the structure of a self-contained slot.

[0018] Figure 7 shows an example of a protocol between a reader and a tag.

[0019] FIGS. 8a through 8e show examples of connectivity topologies for ambient IoT networks and devices.

[0020] Figure 9 shows an example of an Access Stratum (AS) procedure between an ambient IoT device and a reader.

[0021] FIGS. 10a and 10b show examples of random access procedures.

[0022] FIGS. 11a to 11e show examples of R2D transmission corresponding to D2R.

[0023] Figure 12 is an example illustrating the failure to transmit message 1 of an A-IoT device.

[0024] FIG. 13 is an example illustrating a competitive resource determination according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0025] FIG. 14 is an example illustrating a competitive resource determination according to another embodiment of the present specification.

[0026] FIG. 15 is an example illustrating a competitive resource determination according to another embodiment of the present specification.

[0027] FIG. 16 is an example for explaining D2R transmission timing corresponding to R2D transmission according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0028] FIG. 17 is an example illustrating a competitive resource determination according to another embodiment of the present specification.

[0029] FIGS. 18a and 18b illustrate procedures between a reader and a terminal according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0030] FIG. 19 illustrates a procedure between a reader and a terminal according to another embodiment of the present specification.

[0031] FIG. 20 shows an apparatus according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0032] FIG. 21 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a terminal according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0033] FIG. 22 shows a block diagram of a processor in which the disclosure of the present specification is implemented.

[0034] FIG. 23 is a block diagram showing in detail the transceiver of the first device shown in FIG. 20 or the transceiver of the device shown in FIG. 21.

[0035] It should be noted that technical terms used in this specification are used merely to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the content of this specification. Furthermore, unless specifically defined otherwise in this specification, technical terms used in this specification should be interpreted in the sense generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains, and should not be interpreted in an overly broad or overly narrow sense. Additionally, if a technical term used in this specification is an incorrect technical term that fails to accurately express the content and concept of this specification, it should be understood as being replaced by a technical term that can be correctly understood by those skilled in the art. Moreover, general terms used in this specification should be interpreted according to their prior definitions or the context, and should not be interpreted in an overly narrow sense.

[0036] Additionally, singular expressions used in this specification include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this application, terms such as "composed of" or "have" should not be interpreted as necessarily including all of the various components or steps described in the specification, and should be interpreted as meaning that some of the components or steps may be omitted or additional components or steps may be included.

[0037] Additionally, terms including ordinal numbers, such as first, second, etc., used herein may be used to describe various components, but said components shall not be limited by said terms. Such terms are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the rights, the first component may be named the second component, and similarly, the second component may be named the first component.

[0038] When it is stated that a component is connected to or coupled with another component, it may be directly connected to or coupled with that other component, or there may be other components in between. On the other hand, when it is stated that a component is directly connected to or directly coupled with another component, it should be understood that there are no other components in between.

[0039] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Identical or similar components regardless of drawing symbols are assigned the same reference number, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted. Furthermore, in describing the contents of this specification, if it is determined that a detailed description of related prior art may obscure the gist of this specification, such detailed description will be omitted. Additionally, it should be noted that the attached drawings are intended only to facilitate understanding of the contents and concepts of this specification, and should not be interpreted as limiting the contents and concepts of this specification. The contents and concepts of this specification should be interpreted as extending to all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions in addition to the attached drawings.

[0040] In this specification, “A or B” may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” Alternatively, in this specification, “A or B” may be interpreted as “A and / or B.” For example, in this specification, “A, B or C” may mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.”

[0041] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma may mean “and / or.” For example, “A / B” may mean “A and / or B.” Accordingly, “A / B” may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” For example, “A, B, C” may mean “A, B or C.”

[0042] In this specification, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” Additionally, in this specification, the expressions “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” may be interpreted as synonymous with “at least one of A and B.”

[0043] Additionally, in this specification, “at least one of A, B and C” may mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.” Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and / or C” may mean “at least one of A, B and C.”

[0044] Additionally, parentheses used in this specification may mean “for example.” Specifically, where indicated as “Control Information (PDCCH),” “PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel)” may be proposed as an example of “Control Information.” In other words, “Control Information” in this specification is not limited to “PDCCH,” and “PDDCH” may be proposed as an example of “Control Information.” Furthermore, even when indicated as “Control Information (i.e., PDCCH),” “PDCCH” may be proposed as an example of “Control Information.”

[0045] Technical features described individually within a single drawing in this specification may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0046] In the attached drawings, User Equipment (UE) is illustrated as an example, but the illustrated UE may also be referred to by terms such as Terminal or Mobile Equipment (ME). Furthermore, the UE may be a portable device such as a laptop, mobile phone, PDA, smartphone, multimedia device, etc., or a non-portable device such as a PC or vehicle-mounted device.

[0047] In the following, UE is used as an example of a wireless communication-capable device (e.g., wireless communication device, wireless device, or wireless apparatus). The operations performed by the UE may be performed by any wireless communication-capable device. A wireless communication-capable device may also be referred to as a wireless communication device, wireless device, or wireless apparatus.

[0048] The term "base station" as used below generally refers to a fixed station that communicates with wireless devices, and can be used as a comprehensive term including eNodeB (evolved-NodeB), eNB (evolved-NodeB), BTS (Base Transceiver System), Access Point, gNB (Next generation NodeB), RRH (remote radio head), TP (transmission point), RP (reception point), relay, etc.

[0049] This specification describes embodiments using LTE systems, LTE-A systems and NR systems, but these embodiments may be applied to any communication system corresponding to the above definitions.

[0050] Wireless Communication System

[0051] Building on the success of LTE (long term evolution) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) for 4th generation mobile communication, commercialization and subsequent research for the next generation, namely 5th generation (so-called 5G) mobile communication, are also continuing.

[0052] Fifth-generation mobile communication, as defined by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), refers to providing data transmission speeds of up to 20 Gbps and a perceived transmission speed of at least 100 Mbps anywhere. It is officially referred to as 'IMT-2020'.

[0053] The ITU presents three major usage scenarios, such as eMBB (enhanced Mobile BroadBand), mMTC (massive Machine Type Communication), and URLLC (Ultra Reliable and Low Latency Communications).

[0054] URLLC concerns use scenarios requiring high reliability and low latency. For example, services such as autonomous driving, factory automation, and augmented reality require high reliability and low latency (e.g., latency of 1ms or less). Currently, the latency of 4G (LTE) is statistically 21-43ms (best 10%) and 33-75ms (median). This is insufficient to support services requiring latency of 1ms or less. Next, eMBB use scenarios concern use scenarios requiring mobile ultra-broadband.

[0055] In other words, 5th generation mobile communication systems support higher capacity than current 4G LTE, increase the density of mobile broadband users, and can support D2D (Device to Device), high stability, and MTC (Machine type communication). 5G research and development also aims for lower latency and lower battery consumption than 4G mobile communication systems to better implement the Internet of Things. New radio access technology (New RAT or NR) may be proposed for such 5G mobile communication.

[0056] The NR frequency band can be defined by two types of frequency ranges (FR1, FR2). The numerical values ​​of the frequency ranges may change; for example, the two types of frequency ranges (FR1, FR2) may be as shown in Table 1 below. For convenience of explanation, among the frequency ranges used in the NR system, FR1 may mean the “sub 6GHz range” and FR2 may mean the “above 6GHz range” and may be referred to as millimeter wave (mmW).

[0057] Frequency Range designationCorresponding frequency rangeSubcarrier SpacingFR1410MHz - 7125MHz15, 30, 60kHzFR224250MHz - 52600MHz60, 120, 240kHz

[0058] The numerical values ​​of the frequency range of the NR system may change. For example, FR1 may include a band of 410 MHz to 7125 MHz as shown in Table 1. That is, FR1 may include a frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) or higher. For example, the frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) or higher included within FR1 may include an unlicensed band. The unlicensed band may be used for various purposes, for example, for communication for vehicles (e.g., autonomous driving).

[0059] Meanwhile, 3GPP-based communication standards define downlink physical channels corresponding to resource elements that carry information originating from upper layers, and downlink physical signals corresponding to resource elements used by the physical layer but not carrying information originating from upper layers. For example, physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), physical broadcast channel (PBCH), physical multicast channel (PMCH), physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH), physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), and physical hybrid ARQ indicator channel (PHICH) are defined as downlink physical channels, and reference signals and synchronization signals are defined as downlink physical signals. A reference signal (RS), also referred to as a pilot, refers to a signal of a specific waveform that is known to both the gNB and the UE. For example, cell-specific RS, UE-specific RS (UE-RS), positioning RS (PRS), and channel state information RS (CSI-RS) are defined as downlink reference signals. The 3GPP LTE / LTE-A standard defines uplink physical channels corresponding to resource elements that carry information originating from upper layers, and uplink physical signals corresponding to resource elements used by the physical layer but that do not carry information originating from upper layers.For example, the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), and physical random access channel (PRACH) are defined as uplink physical channels, and the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for uplink control / data signals and the sounding reference signal (SRS) used for uplink channel measurement are defined.

[0060] In this specification, PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) / PCFICH (Physical Control Format Indicator Channel) / PHICH (Physical Hybrid automatic retransmit request Indicator Channel) / PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel) each refers to a set of time-frequency resources or a set of resource elements carrying DCI (Downlink Control Information) / CFI (Control Format Indicator) / downlink ACK / NACK (ACKnowlegement / Negative ACK) / downlink data. Additionally, PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) / PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel) / PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel) each refers to a set of time-frequency resources or a set of resource elements carrying UCI (Uplink Control Information) / uplink data / random access signals.

[0061] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating a wireless communication system.

[0062] As can be seen with reference to FIG. 1, the wireless communication system includes at least one base station (BS). The BS is divided into a gNodeB (or gNB) (20a) and an eNodeB (or eNB) (20b). The gNB (20a) supports 5th generation mobile communication. The eNB (20b) supports 4th generation mobile communication, i.e., LTE (Long Term Evolution).

[0063] Each base station (20a and 20b) provides communication services for a specific geographical area (generally called a cell) (20-1, 20-2, 20-3). A cell can be further divided into multiple areas (called sectors).

[0064] User Equipment (UE) typically belongs to a single cell, and the cell to which the UE belongs is called the serving cell. The base station that provides communication services to the serving cell is called the serving base station (serving BS). Since the wireless communication system is a cellular system, there exists another cell adjacent to the serving cell. The other cell adjacent to the serving cell is called the neighbor cell. The base station that provides communication services to the neighbor cell is called the neighbor base station (neighbor BS). The serving cell and neighbor cells are determined relatively to the UE.

[0065] In the following, the downlink refers to communication from the base station (20) to the UE (10), and the uplink refers to communication from the UE (10) to the base station (20). In the downlink, the transmitter may be part of the base station (20) and the receiver may be part of the UE (10). In the uplink, the transmitter may be part of the UE (10) and the receiver may be part of the base station (20).

[0066] Meanwhile, wireless communication systems can be broadly classified into Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD) methods. In the FDD method, uplink and downlink transmissions occupy different frequency bands. In the TDD method, uplink and downlink transmissions occupy the same frequency band and occur at different times. The channel response in the TDD method is practically reciprocal. This means that the downlink channel response and the uplink channel response are nearly identical within a given frequency range. Therefore, in a wireless communication system based on TDD, there is an advantage in that the downlink channel response can be derived from the uplink channel response. In the TDD method, since the entire frequency band is time-divided for uplink and downlink transmissions, downlink transmission by the base station and uplink transmission by the UE cannot be performed simultaneously. In a TDD system where uplink and downlink transmissions are separated by subframes, uplink and downlink transmissions are performed in different subframes.

[0067] Figure 2 illustrates the structure of a wireless frame used in NR.

[0068] In NR, uplink and downlink transmissions consist of frames. A radio frame has a length of 10 ms and is defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF). A half-frame is defined as five 1 ms subframes (SF). A subframe is divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within a subframe depends on the subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each slot contains 12 or 14 OFDM(A) symbols depending on the cyclic prefix (CP). When a standard CP is used, each slot contains 14 symbols. When an extended CP is used, each slot contains 12 symbols. Here, the symbols may include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols) or SC-FDMA symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM symbols).

[0069] Support for various numerologies

[0070] In NR systems, as wireless communication technology develops, multiple numerologies may be provided to the terminal. For example, when the SCS is 15 kHz, it supports a wide area in traditional cellular bands; when the SCS is 30 kHz / 60 kHz, it supports dense-urban, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth; and when the SCS is 60 kHz or higher, it supports a bandwidth greater than 24.25 GHz to overcome phase noise.

[0071] The above numerology can be defined by the cycle prefix (CP) length and the subcarrier spacing (SCS). A single cell can provide multiple numerologies to the terminal. When the index of the numerology is denoted by μ, each subcarrier spacing and the corresponding CP length may be as shown in the table below.

[0072] μ△f=2 μ 15 [kHz]CP015General 130General 260General, Extended 3120General 4240General 5480General 6960General

[0073] For a standard CP, when the numerology index is denoted by μ, the number of OFDM symbols per slot (N slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,μ slot ) And, the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,μ slot ) is as shown in the table below.

[0074] μ△f=2 μ 15 [kHz]N slot symb N frame,μ slot N subframe,μ slot 015141011301420226014404312014808424014160165480143203269601464064

[0075] For extended CP, when the numerology index is denoted by μ, the number of OFDM symbols per slot (N slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,μ slot ) And, the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,μ slot ) is as shown in the table below.

[0076] μSCS (15*2 u )N slot symb N frame,μ slot N subframe,μslot 260KHz (u=2)12404

[0077] In an NR system, the OFDM(A) numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) can be configured differently among multiple cells that are merged into a single terminal. Accordingly, the (absolute time) interval of a time resource (e.g., SF, slot, or TTI) (collectively referred to as TU (Time Unit) for convenience) composed of the same number of symbols can be configured differently among the merged cells.

[0078] FIGS. 3a to 3c are exemplary diagrams illustrating exemplary architectures for wireless communication services.

[0079] Referring to Fig. 3a, the UE is connected to an LTE / LTE-A based cell and an NR based cell in a DC (dual connectivity) manner.

[0080] The above NR-based cell is connected to the core network for existing 4th generation mobile communication, namely the EPC (Evolved Packet Core).

[0081] Referring to Fig. 3b, unlike Fig. 3a, the LTE / LTE-A based cell is connected to a core network for 5th generation mobile communication, that is, a 5G core network.

[0082] A service method based on the architecture as illustrated in Figures 3a and 3b above is called NSA (non-standalone).

[0083] Referring to Fig. 3c, the UE is connected only to NR-based cells. A service method based on this architecture is called SA (standalone).

[0084] Meanwhile, in the above NR, it may be considered that reception from the base station utilizes a downlink subframe, and transmission to the base station utilizes an uplink subframe. This method can be applied to paired spectra and unpaired spectra. A paired spectrum means that it includes two carrier spectra for downlink and uplink operations. For example, in a paired spectrum, one carrier may include a downlink band and an uplink band that are paired with each other.

[0085] Figure 4 illustrates the slot structure of an NR frame.

[0086] A slot contains multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, in the case of a standard CP, one slot contains 14 symbols, whereas in the case of an extended CP, one slot contains 12 symbols. A carrier contains multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. A Resource Block (RB) is defined as multiple (e.g., 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. A Bandwidth Part (BWP) is defined as multiple consecutive (physical, P)RBs in the frequency domain and can correspond to a single numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A terminal may be configured with up to N (e.g., 4) BWPs in both the downlink and uplink. Downlink or uplink transmission is performed through an active BWP, and at a given time, only one of the BWPs configured for the terminal may be active. In the resource grid, each element is referred to as a Resource Element (RE), and a single complex symbol may be mapped to it.

[0087] Figure 5 illustrates an example of a subframe type in NR.

[0088] The transmission time interval (TTI) illustrated in Fig. 5 can be referred to as a subframe or slot for NR (or new RAT). The subframe (or slot) of Fig. 5 can be used in the TDD system of NR (or new RAT) to minimize data transmission delay. As illustrated in Fig. 5, the subframe (or slot) contains 14 symbols. The symbols at the beginning of the subframe (or slot) can be used for the downlink (DL) control channel, and the symbols at the end of the subframe (or slot) can be used for the uplink (UL) control channel. The remaining symbols can be used for DL ​​data transmission or UL data transmission. According to this subframe (or slot) structure, downlink transmission and uplink transmission can proceed sequentially within a single subframe (or slot). Thus, downlink data can be received within the subframe (or slot), and uplink acknowledgments (ACK / NACK) can be transmitted within that subframe (or slot).

[0089] The structure of such a subframe (or slot) can be called a self-contained subframe (or slot).

[0090] Specifically, the first N symbols within the slot are used to transmit a DL control channel (hereinafter referred to as the DL control area), and the last M symbols within the slot may be used to transmit a UL control channel (hereinafter referred to as the UL control area). N and M are each integers greater than or equal to 0. A resource area (hereinafter referred to as the data area) located between the DL control area and the UL control area may be used for DL ​​data transmission or for UL data transmission. For example, a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) may be transmitted in the DL control area, and a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) may be transmitted in the DL data area. A physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) may be transmitted in the UL control area, and a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) may be transmitted in the UL data area.

[0091] Using such a subframe (or slot) structure has the advantage of reducing the time required to retransmit data that has received errors, thereby minimizing the waiting time for final data transmission. In such a self-contained subframe (or slot) structure, a time gap may be required during the transition from transmit mode to receive mode or from receive mode to transmit mode. To this end, some OFDM symbols during the transition from DL to UL in the subframe structure may be set as a Guard Period (GP).

[0092] Figure 6 illustrates the structure of a self-contained slot.

[0093] In an NR system, a frame is characterized by a self-complete structure in which a DL control channel, DL or UL data, a UL control channel, etc., can all be included within a single slot. For example, the first N symbols within the slot are used to transmit a DL control channel (hereinafter referred to as the DL control area), and the last M symbols within the slot may be used to transmit a UL control channel (hereinafter referred to as the UL control area). N and M are each integers greater than or equal to 0. The resource area (hereinafter referred to as the data area) located between the DL control area and the UL control area may be used for transmitting DL data or for transmitting UL data. As an example, the following configuration can be considered. Each section is listed in chronological order.

[0094] 1. DL only configuration

[0095] 2. UL only configuration

[0096] 3. Mixed UL-DL Configuration

[0097] - DL Area + GP (Guard Period) + UL Control Area

[0098] - DL Control Area + GP + UL Area

[0099] DL Area: (i) DL Data Area, (ii) DL Control Area + DL Data Area

[0100] UL Area: (i) UL Data Area, (ii) UL Data Area + UL Control Area

[0101] PDCCH can be transmitted in the DL control area, and PDSCH can be transmitted in the DL data area. PUCCH can be transmitted in the UL control area, and PUSCH can be transmitted in the UL data area. In PDCCH, DCI (Downlink Control Information), such as DL data scheduling information and UL data scheduling information, can be transmitted. In PUCCH, UCI (Uplink Control Information), such as ACK / NACK (Positive Acknowledgement / Negative Acknowledgement) information for DL ​​data, CSI (Channel State Information) information, and SR (Scheduling Request), can be transmitted. GP provides a time gap during the process in which the base station and the terminal switch from transmit mode to receive mode or from receive mode to transmit mode. Within a subframe, some symbols at the point of transition from DL to UL can be set as GP.

[0102] Meanwhile, IoT technology has garnered significant attention in wireless communication over the past few years. IoT technology has evolved to enable a greater number of interconnected objects, thereby improving industrial productivity and quality of life. Examples of this include NB-IoT (Narrowband Internet of Things) and eMTC (enhanced Machine-Type Communication) technologies defined by 3GPP. However, to build a more effective IoT ecosystem, improvements are needed in various aspects, such as the size, form factor, price, complexity, power consumption, and coverage of IoT devices.

[0103] Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a representative technology service of the IoT. The advantages of RFID include very low complexity and the fact that RFID tags have a very small form factor. However, RFID supports a very narrow coverage area with a reading distance of only a few meters, is labor-intensive due to handheld scanning, and requires high deployment costs due to the installation costs of RFID portals / gates. Therefore, RFID has limitations in supporting seamless service and coverage in large-scale networks.

[0104] To meet these requirements, 3GPP has been conducting studies on ambient IoT technology since Release 18. Ambient IoT devices have a lower form factor compared to conventional IoT devices and support energy harvesting based on battery-less or minimal energy storage capability, allowing them to operate without charging or with minimal power charging. In addition, research is being conducted to support wide coverage based on higher power efficiency and to enable the utilization of RF signals supported by existing networks.

[0105] In addition, 3GPP is conducting research on protocol stacks and signaling procedures that take into account the low form factor and battery capacity characteristics of ambient IoT devices, such as less than 1 μW or less than several hundred μW. In particular, definitions are being made for the paging message functionality, which is the first message transmitted by a reader or base station to an ambient IoT device for wireless access of the ambient IoT device, and the random access procedure of the ambient IoT device.

[0106] Figure 7 shows an example of a protocol between a reader and a tag.

[0107] RFID technology, which is the foundation of ambient IoT technology, is defined in the document "EPC Radio-Frequency Identity Protocols Generation-2 UHF RFID". This document defines the protocol between the reader and the tag and adopts a slotted-ALOHA-based random access procedure.

[0108] Referring to Fig. 7, the reader has three main actions: select, inventory, and access. The select action is an action in which the reader selects one or more tag populations, and it consists of 'select' and 'challenge' commands. At this time, the tags enter a ready state. The select command is a mandatory action, and the challenge command is an optional action. The select command allows the reader to select a tag population based on user-defined criteria. The inventory action involves the reader identifying / detecting each tag and generating a unique Random Number (RN) based on commands / responses with each tag to prepare for access. The access action involves the reader performing mutual communication with each tag to carry out procedures such as read / write / authenticate.

[0109] A tag can exist in various states during communication with a reader. First, the tag may enter a "ready" state, where it becomes operational upon receiving power from the reader, and subsequently an "arbitrate" state to prevent collisions when multiple tags exist simultaneously. Additionally, it may enter a "reply" state, where it transmits temporary identifiers or similar information in response to the reader's query commands, and an "acknowledge" state, where the reader recognizes and selects a specific tag. Furthermore, the tag may enter an "open" state, where a session with the reader is open allowing for the transmission and reception of additional commands, and a "secured" state, when authentication or encryption procedures are completed. Meanwhile, if the tag receives a kill command, it transitions to a "killed" state and may not respond to any subsequent reader commands.

[0110] FIGS. 8a through 8e show examples of connectivity topologies for ambient IoT networks and devices.

[0111] In recent years, IoT technology has garnered significant attention in wireless communication. IoT technology has evolved to enable a greater number of interconnected objects, thereby improving industrial productivity and quality of life. Examples of this include NB-IoT (Narrowband Internet of Things) and eMTC (enhanced Machine-Type Communication) technologies defined by 3GPP. However, to build a more effective IoT ecosystem, improvements are needed in various aspects, such as the size, form factor, price, complexity, power consumption, and coverage of IoT devices.

[0112] Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a representative technology service of the IoT. The advantages of RFID include very low complexity and the fact that RFID tags have a very small form factor. However, RFID supports a very narrow coverage area with a reading distance of only a few meters, is labor-intensive due to handheld scanning, and requires high deployment costs due to the installation costs of RFID portals / gates. Therefore, RFID has limitations in supporting seamless service and coverage in large-scale networks.

[0113] To meet these requirements, 3GPP has been conducting studies on ambient IoT technology since Release 18. Ambient IoT devices have a lower form factor compared to conventional IoT devices and support energy harvesting based on battery-less or minimal energy storage capability, allowing them to operate without charging or with minimal power charging. In addition, research is being conducted to support wide coverage based on higher power efficiency and to enable the utilization of RF signals supported by existing networks.

[0114] For convenience of explanation, in this specification, an ambient IoT device may be referred to as an ambient IoT terminal, an IoT device, an IoT terminal, a device, or a terminal.

[0115] Connectivity topologies such as those shown in FIGS. 7a to 7e can be defined for ambient IoT networks and devices.

[0116] Referring to FIG. 8a, the ambient IoT device communicates directly and bidirectionally with a base station (BS). Communication between the base station and the ambient IoT device includes ambient IoT data and / or signaling. In the topology of FIG. 7a, the BS transmitted to the ambient IoT device may be different from the BS received from the ambient IoT device.

[0117] Referring to FIG. 8b, the ambient IoT device communicates bidirectionally with an intermediate node between the device and the base station. In the topology of FIG. 8b, the intermediate node can be an ambient IoT-enabled relay, an IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul) node, a UE, a repeater, etc. The intermediate node transmits ambient IoT data and / or signaling between the BS and the ambient IoT device.

[0118] Referring to FIG. 8c, the ambient IoT device transmits data / signaling to a base station and receives data / signaling from an assisting node. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8d, the ambient IoT device receives data / signaling from a base station and transmits data / signaling to an assisting node. The assisting node in the topology of FIG. 8c to FIG. 8d can be an ambient IoT-enabled relay, IAB, UE, repeater, etc.

[0119] Referring to FIG. 8e, the ambient IoT device communicates bidirectionally with the UE. Communication between the UE and the ambient IoT device includes the transmission of ambient IoT data and / or signaling.

[0120] Figure 9 shows an example of an Access Stratum (AS) procedure between an ambient IoT device and a reader.

[0121] Referring to FIG. 9, the overall Access Stratum (AS) procedure between an ambient IoT (A-IoT) device and a reader is described below.

[0122] Step A: A-IoT Paging (S901)

[0123] The reader transmits an A-IoT paging message indicating the device requiring a response in response to the service request. Here, the A-IoT paging message can be used interchangeably with the initial trigger message.

[0124] Step B: D2R (Device-to-Reader) data transfer (S902~S903)

[0125] An A-IoT device triggered by paging can transmit a device identifier (ID) to the reader, either by performing an A-IoT random access procedure or without such procedure. Subsequently, D2R data is transmitted to the reader.

[0126] Step C1: R2D (Reader-to-Device) data transfer (S904)

[0127] Optionally, the reader can transmit data including commands, etc. to the device.

[0128] Step C2: D2R data transmission (S905)

[0129] Optionally, the device can transmit response data to the above command to the reader.

[0130] These procedures can support the following A-IoT use cases:

[0131] Inventory-only: Can be supported through a procedure consisting of Step A and Step B.

[0132] Inventory and command: This can be supported through a procedure including steps A, B, C1, and C2. Here, this does not mean that the A-IoT paging message includes both inventory and command simultaneously, nor does it mean that the reader receives both inventory and command simultaneously from the upper layer.

[0133] Command-only: Basically, this can be supported through a procedure consisting of steps A, B, C1, and C2, and the following alternative procedures may also be considered.

[0134] Step A: The reader can send an A-IoT paging message containing a command to a device to instruct the device to process the command and respond.

[0135] Step C2: The device transmits device ID or response data for the command; this process may be performed through an A-IoT random access procedure or without such procedure.

[0136] Meanwhile, 3GPP classifies ambient IoT terminals into three types as shown in Table 5 below.

[0137] DeviceTypeEnergyStoragePeak PowerConsumptionAmplificationUL Independent Signal GenerationUL Tx MethodPassiveDevice 1Yes≤ 1 μWNoNoBackscattering from external CWDevice 2aYes≤ a few hundred μWYes (DL and / or UL)NoBackscattering from external CWActiveDevice 2bYes≤ a few hundred μWYes (DL and / or UL)NoGenerated internally

[0138] In Table 5, the difference between passive and active is the presence or absence of an independent signal generation function and hardware within the ambient IoT device. If there is no independent signal generation function for uplink (UL) signal transmission of the ambient IoT device, it is defined as passive, and if there is an independent signal generation function, it is defined as active.

[0139] Device 1 has a maximum power consumption of 1 μW or less and lacks independent signal generation and amplification capabilities. Additionally, the uplink of the ambient IoT device is transmitted via backscattering of the external carrier wave signal. Device 2a has a maximum power consumption of several hundred μW or less, does not support independent signal generation, but supports UL / DL amplification. Additionally, the UL is transmitted via backscattering of the external carrier wave signal. Device 2b has a maximum power consumption of several hundred μW or less and supports independent signal generation and UL / DL amplification capabilities. Additionally, the UL is transmitted through signal generation within the device.

[0140] Meanwhile, the common feature of Devices 1, 2a, and 2b discussed by 3GPP to date is that they are equipped with energy storage devices inside the ambient IoT devices. However, ambient IoT devices may have energy storage of limited capacity depending on the topology and deployment scenario. Here, limited energy storage may refer to a storage device composed of small-sized capacitors. In order to support seamless communication between the reader and the ambient IoT device, protocols and signaling to support energy harvesting need to be defined, but detailed operations have not yet been defined.

[0141] Meanwhile, discussions on ambient IoT topologies are underway at 3GPP, and the topologies of FIGS. 8a to 8d described above are applicable to the present invention, and in particular, it is preferable to apply the topologies of FIGS. 8a to 8b.

[0142] In addition, 3GPP decided to support paging messages at the Access Stratum (AS) layer between ambient IoT devices and readers (e.g., base stations), but since existing paging messages are difficult to support, it decided to define new A-IoT paging messages. The purpose of A-IoT paging is to have ambient IoT device(s) identify a radio resource, select / determine it, and then send a Device-to-Reader (D2R) response message to the reader.

[0143] To identify A-IoT device(s), types of identifier information in the form shown in Table 6 are being discussed for paging messages. (Table 6. Types of A-IoT device identifier information in paging messages)

[0144] Cases Information Type Recipient Case 1 Single A-IoT device ID A single A-IoT Device Case 2 Group ID Multiple A-IoT device(s) mapped to a Group ID Case 3 No ID-related information All A-IoT device(s) receiving A-IoT paging messages Case 4 Multiple A-IoT device IDs Multiple A-IoT device IDs

[0145] In addition, regarding the method of selecting / determining radio resources for D2R transmission (e.g., Message 1) of ambient IoT devices, how to perform D2R transmission (implicit / explicit / configured / preconfigured) or through which (dedicated / shared) resources will be discussed later.

[0146] FIGS. 10a and 10b show examples of random access procedures.

[0147] Discussions are underway at 3GPP regarding random access procedures for ambient IoT device(s). The Slotted-ALOHA random access procedure has been adopted as the standard, and Content-Based Random Access (CBRA) and Content-Free Random Access (CFRA) for a single device, a group of devices, or all devices are set to be defined. Additionally, CBRA-based 4-step, 3-step, and 2-step procedures, as well as CFRA procedures, are also under discussion.

[0148] FIGS. 10a and 10b respectively show examples of CBRA-based 2-step and 3-step (or 4-step) Random Access (RA) procedures. A-IoT devices must select one of a 2-step CBRA, a 3-step CBRA, or a CFRA, and the information for making the selection can be made explicitly through an A-IoT paging message or implicitly through specific information within the A-IoT paging message.

[0149] Referring to FIG. 10a, the reader transmits Message 0 (Message 0, MSG0) to the device (S1001a). Here, MSG0 may be an A-IoT paging message, which may include candidate radio resource information required for the device to perform D2R transmission (Message 1). Additionally, device ID (identity) information may be included in MSG0 and transmitted.

[0150] Subsequently, the device randomly selects a resource, i.e., an access occasion, from among candidate radio resources consisting of a time / frequency / code sequence (S1002a). The device transmits Message 1 (MSG1) to the reader (1003a), where MSG1 may include at least one of a device ID, upper layer data, and a random ID.

[0151] The reader transmits an R2D message, i.e., Message 2 (Message 2, MSG2), to the device, including some of the information received from MSG1 (S1004a). The random ID (information) included in MSG1 may be included in MSG2 and transmitted.

[0152] Referring to FIG. 10b, the reader transmits Message 0 (Message 0, MSG0) to the device (S1001b). Here, MSG0 may be an A-IoT paging message, which may include candidate radio resource information required for the device to perform D2R transmission (Message 1). Additionally, device ID (identity) information may be included in MSG0 and transmitted.

[0153] Subsequently, the device randomly selects a resource, i.e., an access occasion, from among candidate radio resources consisting of a time / frequency / code sequence (S1002b). The device transmits Message 1 (MSG1) to the reader (1003b), where MSG1 may include at least a random ID.

[0154] The reader transmits an R2D message, i.e., Message 2 (Message 2, MSG2), to the device, including some of the information received from MSG1 (S1004b). The random ID (information) included in MSG1 may be included in MSG2 and transmitted. Contention resolution may be performed by exchanging the random ID (information) through MSG1 and MSG2. This random ID information and dedicated resource information may be included in MSG2 and transmitted to the device. The dedicated resource information may be for transmitting Message 3 (Message 3, MSG3).

[0155] Subsequently, the terminal transmits MSG3 to the reader (S1005b), which may include at least one of a device ID and upper layer data. After transmitting MSG3, the terminal may receive Message 4 (MSG4) from the reader (S1006b). Here, MSG4 may be defined as a message for handling MSG3 transmission failure or the reader's MSG3 reception failure, and may not necessarily be a message that requires transmission and reception. If MSG4 transmission and reception are required, the reader (e.g., base station) may transmit MSG4 to the device(s), which can be assumed to be a 4-step RA procedure. In addition to MSG4, additional message transmission and reception may occur between the A-IoT device and the reader (e.g., base station) as needed. However, to date, it has not been determined what type of random access procedure the A-IoT device(s) will determine in the RA (random access) procedure, and what information is required in the paging and R2D messages transmitted by the reader (e.g., base station) for the RA determination.

[0156] FIGS. 11a to 11e show examples of R2D transmission corresponding to D2R.

[0157] 3GPP is also discussing communication methods based on FDM(A), TDM(A), and CDM(A) in A-IoT systems. In wireless resource allocation, they are discussing support measures for communication based on frequency / time / code sequence. Figures 11a to 11e illustrate various examples of D2R and R2D transmission methods based on FDM(A) and TDM(A).

[0158] FIGS. 11a through 11e assume a procedure in which A-IoT devices perform random access (RA) in different steps, such as 2-step or 3-step. Examples according to the corresponding R2D transmission method are shown when the A-IoT device transmits a D2R message using Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) or Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA).

[0159] FIG. 11a illustrates the transmission of an FDMA-based D2R message (MSG1) and the transmission of an R2D message (MSG2) corresponding to the D2R message transmitted by multiple A-IoT devices. FIG. 11b illustrates the transmission of an FDMA-based D2R message (MSG1) and the sequential transmission of an R2D message (MSG2) corresponding to the D2R message transmitted by a single A-IoT device. That is, FIG. 11b represents a case where a reader that receives a D2R message transmitted by an A-IoT device transmits a corresponding R2D message individually and sequentially for each D2R message. FIG. 11c is similar to FIG. 11b, but differs in that, from the reader's perspective, the transmission of an R2D message (MSG2) is triggered for Device 2, which receives the D2R message first, and the D2R message (MSG3) transmitted by Device 2 is executed first. Subsequently, it represents a case where an R2D message corresponding to the D2R message transmitted by Device 1 is transmitted.

[0160] FIG. 11d illustrates the transmission of a TDMA-based D2R message (MSG1) and the transmission of an R2D message (MSG2) corresponding to the D2R message transmitted by multiple A-IoT devices. FIG. 11e illustrates a case where an A-IoT device transmits a D2R message (MSG1) based on TDMA, and a reader transmits an R2D message (MSG2) via a different frequency than that of the A-IoT device. In this case, the reader can transmit a corresponding R2D message for each D2R message transmitted by the A-IoT device.

[0161] Meanwhile, regarding the timing relationship between an A-IoT device and a reader (e.g., a base station) in terms of D2R and R2D message transmission, reception, and processing time, it can be defined as follows.

[0162] T R2D_min From the reader's perspective, this may refer to the minimum time required from the transmission of an R2D message to the transmission of the corresponding D2R message. (T R2D_min : Minimum time between a R2D transmission and the corresponding D2R transmission following it.)

[0163] T D2R_min From the device's perspective, this may refer to the minimum time required from the transmission of a D2R message to the transmission of the corresponding R2D message. (T D2R_min : Minimum time between a D2R transmission and the corresponding R2D transmission following it.)

[0164] T D2R_maxFrom the device's perspective, this may refer to the maximum time required from the transmission of the D2R message to the transmission of the corresponding R2D message. The transmission timing of the R2D message (MSG2) corresponding to the D2R message (MSG1) is [T D2R_min , T D2R_max It can be defined as needing to take place within a time interval. (T D2R_max : Maximum time between the D2R transmission and the corresponding R2D transmission following it, so that the R2D transmission timing is expected to be within [T D2R_min , T D2R_max ], when a R2D transmission in response to a D2R transmission is expected for A-IoT Msg2 response to A-IoT Msg1 for the A-IoT device.)

[0165] Additionally, the reader can continuously transmit two different R2D transmissions to a single device, in which case the minimum time between R2D transmissions is T R2D_R2D_min It can be defined as. (T R2D_R2D_min : Minimum time between two different consecutive R2D transmissions to the same A-IoT device.)

[0166] In addition, the same device can perform two different D2R transmissions consecutively, and the minimum time between each D2R transmission is T D2R_D2R_min It can be defined as. (T D2R_D2R_min : Minimum time between two different consecutive D2R transmissions from the same A-IoT device.)

[0167] Meanwhile, 3GPP is considering two options for the transmission method of MSG2 that the reader transmits in response to MSG1 transmitted by the device.

[0168] -Option 1: A "MSG1 : MSG2 = 1 : 1" method in which a reader receiving MSG1 from one device transmits the corresponding MSG2. The previously described FIGS. 11b, 11c, and 11e may correspond to this. (Option 1: A PRDCH for Msg2 transmission corresponds to an A-IoT Msg1 received from one device)

[0169] - Option 2: This is a "MSG1 : MSG2 = N : 1" method in which a reader receiving multiple MSG1s from different devices transmits a corresponding MSG2. In other words, it is a method of including information corresponding to the MSG1s transmitted by multiple devices into a single MSG2 and transmitting it all at once. Figures 11a and 11d described earlier may correspond to this. (Option 2: A PRDCH for Msg2 transmission corresponds to multiple A-IoT Msg1 received from different devices)

[0170] In addition, 3GPP plans to discuss the monitoring start time and monitoring time interval for MSG2 reception by the device.

[0171] The CBRA procedure currently being considered by 3GPP is that a D2R message (MSG1) is triggered when a leader sends a paging message (MSG0) containing candidate resource information to the device(s). Upon receiving this, the device(s) select an access occasion from among the candidate resources and send a D2R message (MSG1) containing a random ID and / or device ID. If the D2R message (MSG1) contains a random ID, the leader sends a R2D message (MSG2) containing the random ID to the device. Upon successfully receiving the R2D message (MSG2) sent by the leader, the device determines that the D2R message (MSG1) transmission was successful and sends MSG3 or continues data transmission and reception according to the RA step.

[0172] Meanwhile, 3GPP reached an agreement on the determination of time-domain resources for the transmission of D2R messages (MSG1) by A-IoT devices as follows.

[0173] 1. A random access triggering an R2D transmission determines X time domain resource(s) for D2R transmission(s) for Msg1, where each D2R transmission for Msg1 occurs in one time domain resource of the X time domain resource(s).

[0174] 2. Review items include the following.

[0175] Review of the cases X=1, X>1, and X≥1. The maximum value for X>1 should be set considering the device implementation complexity, device power consumption, resource usage efficiency affected by SFO, and inventory latency.

[0176] Size(s) for resource allocation in the time domain

[0177] Determination of the X time domain resource(s) by the device

[0178] Addressing timing errors for adjacent time domain resources due to residual SFO of the device

[0179] To summarize the consensus described above, the R2D message triggering the RA transmitted by the leader contains x time-domain resource information required by A-IoT devices for MSG1 transmission. Upon receiving this, A-IoT devices select one time-domain resource from the x time-domain resources to perform D2R transmission, i.e., MSG1 transmission. Here, x can be X=1 and / or X>1 and / or X≥1. In the case where x>1, the maximum value of x is determined by considering the A-IoT device implementation complexity, resource efficiency, power consumption, and inventory latency caused by SFO. Additionally, the size for resource allocation in the time domain, the method for determining time-domain resources, and timing errors between adjacent time-domain resources caused by SFO (Sampling Frequency Offset) will be determined later.

[0180] Meanwhile, in the 3GPP agreement regarding the D2R transmission timing of A-IoT devices that have received R2D, Option 1 is T R2D_max Defines, and A-IoT devices that received R2D [T R2D_min , T R2D_max A corresponding D2R must be transmitted within the ] interval. That is, after receiving the R2D message, the devices T R2D_min From then on T R2D_max A D2R message must be sent inside. Here, T R2D_max It can be applied commonly to all devices or configured differently for each device. Option 2 is the D2R message transmission timing T corresponding to the R2D message of an A-IoT device. R2D Define anew, and the corresponding T R2D It conveys information to A-IoT devices through control information within the R2D message. In other words, A-IoT devices that receive the R2D message T R2DA D2R message must be sent when the time arrives. Here, T R2D The value is T considering the processing time of the A-IoT device R2D_min Must be at least equal to or greater than [T R2D ≥T R2D_min ]. T R2D The maximum value of will be determined later.

[0181] The present invention provides a method and apparatus for selecting access occasions, that is, time domain competition resources, that are separated into different time domains by A-IoT devices supporting CBRA (Contention Based Random Access) and TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access).

[0182] As previously described, 3GPP is discussing methods for selecting time-domain resources required for D2R transmission. A leader transmits one or more x time-domain contention resources to devices via an R2D message, and devices select one of these contention resources at random to transmit a D2R message. Upon receiving the R2D message, devices transmit a D2R message corresponding to the R2D within a specific time interval that considers the device's processing time, the time-offset due to the SFO, and the time-offset between adjacent time-domain resources; 3GPP is currently discussing how to define this specific time interval. Additionally, they are discussing how the leader should transmit which resources to the devices, and how the A-IoT devices receiving these resources will allocate or decide which resources to use.

[0183] Furthermore, 3GPP is discussing related terminology, such as the D2R transmission interval and timing associated with R2D transmission, and the R2D transmission interval and timing associated with D2R transmission, in consideration of the processing time of A-IoT devices. Since the functionality of A-IoT devices is limited compared to general terminals like smartphones, discussions are underway to define processing time to support accurate transmission and reception between device and reader, taking into account the implementation characteristics of A-IoT devices. Currently, regarding R2D, T R2D_min Only was defined.

[0184] Separately, regarding resource information required for D2R transmission (e.g., MSG1, MSG3), discussions are underway regarding the resource allocation of the reader and the resource determination method of the device. A device intending to perform D2R transmission (e.g., MSG1) based on CBRA type-TDMA may arbitrarily select one access occasion or a competing resource from among the access occasions or candidate competing resources received from the reader.

[0185] However, detailed definitions regarding the allocation and selection of contention resources for D2R transmission in A-IoT devices have not yet been established. In particular, maximum and minimum R2D / D2R transmit / receive timings and time-related information, considering processing time, can have a significant impact on the selection of contention resources based on TDMA, which is divided into different time domains.

[0186] Figure 12 is an example illustrating the failure to transmit message 1 of an A-IoT device.

[0187] Figure 12 illustrates an example of MSG1 transmission failure for A-IoT devices supporting CBRA-TDMA, based on the agreements reached so far by 3GPP. When A-IoT devices supporting CBRA select contention resources separated into different time domains to perform D2R transmission (MSG1), if the D2R transmission (MSG1) of Device 1 is delayed due to reasons such as SFO, it may interfere with the D2R transmission of Device 2, which can increase the MSG1 transmission quality and failure probability.

[0188] 3GPP has defined options for D2R transmission time intervals or D2R transmission time timing corresponding to R2D reception by A-IoT devices, and these are currently under discussion.

[0189] In the present invention, T considering processing time R2D_min We propose a resource selection method and a D2R transmission method for an A-IoT device that links time information with competing resources separated into different time domains.

[0190] More specifically, in the present invention, A-IoT devices supporting CBRA are linked to competing resources separated into different time domains T R2D_min , T R2D_max or T R2D We propose a method for determining competing resources based on information and transmitting D2R messages via the TDMA method. Here, T R2D_min is a value considering the processing time of A-IoT devices, which is the minimum time required for D2R transmission corresponding to R2D transmission, and T R2D_max is the maximum time during which a D2R message transmission corresponding to an R2D transmission must be performed. That is, [T R2D_min , T R2D_max ] may be the time interval during which the device must transmit a D2R message after the reader's R2D transmission is finished. TR2D is timing information for D2R transmission corresponding to R2D transmission, and may mean the time of D2R transmission of the device.

[0191] In the present invention, when a reader transmits an R2D or PRDCH message containing resource information necessary for transmitting an A-IoT paging message, an R2D message triggering Random Access, or a D2R message of an A-IoT device(s) (e.g., MSG1, MSG3), it is proposed to include information that allows distinguishing competing resources separated by different time domains in conjunction with parameters related to R2D-D2R transmission timing. Upon receiving the message, the A-IoT device(s) can select any resource among the time domain candidate resources and simultaneously know the D2R transmission interval and transmission timing information corresponding to the R2D. Alternatively, the A-IoT device(s) upon receiving the message can select a time domain resource based on the D2R transmission interval and transmission timing values ​​corresponding to the R2D message.

[0192] Additionally, the R2D message may include competitive resources distinguished by the frequency domain (e.g., frequency shift offset and the number of resources distinguished by the frequency domain (Y)) and frequency-specific identification factors (e.g., index), in addition to the time domain resources required for D2R transmission. Here, the present invention proposes transmitting X R2D-D2R transmission intervals and transmission timing information as information to indicate X time domain resources required for D2R transmission. This may include Y frequency domain resource information along with the proposed X time domain resource information, and the total number of access occasions or total time / frequency resources for D2R transmission when such resource setting information is included is X*. For example, if two R2D-D2R transmission intervals and transmission timing information are included to indicate two time domain resources, and three frequency domain resource information is included, the total number of access occasions becomes 2*. Based on this, the device can transmit MSG1 by arbitrarily selecting one of six distinct access occasions.

[0193] The present invention provides embodiments of Option 1 and Option 2 in the 3GPP agreement regarding the D2R transmission timing of A-IoT devices that have received the previously described R2D. Here, Option 1 describes the case where X > 1 or X = 1 when the reader transmits X time-domain resource information via an R2D message.

[0194] Plan 1. [T of Option 1 R2D_min , T R2D_max ] Determining underlying resources

[0195] Plan 1 [T] among competing resources separated into different time domains, each time domain resource R2D_min , T R2D_maxSeparated by ], and the above time domain resources and R2D-D2R transmission interval [T R2D_min , T R2D_max ] This is a method for devices to select time resources based on information. Here, [T R2D_min , T R2D_max ] may be configured via an R2D message from the leader or pre-configured in the device in a mapped form along with contention resource information. If the R2D message includes contention resources distinguished by different frequencies, it means that access occasions equal to the number of frequency resources are allocated within a single slot based on one time domain resource.

[0196] Case 1. X > 1 (X is the number of candidate competing resources in the time domain)

[0197] Case 1 is when there are n time domain contention resources, with one or more X (X > 1) time domains separated into different time domains as shown in Table 7, and for each time domain resource, there is a D2R transmission time interval corresponding to R2D transmission (for example, {T R2D_min n-th , T R2D_max n-th It can be mapped to}). The information below is an example containing time / frequency contention resources and R2D-D2R transmission time interval information for D2R transmission of A-IoT devices, which may be included in R2D or PRDCH messages or may be pre-defined / pre-configured information within the device.

[0198] - PRDCH-config::= SEQUENCE {

[0199] Time domain resource [Time_RB 1st , Time_RB 2nd , ..., Time_RB n-th ]

[0200] R2D-D2R Tx interval [{T R2D_min 1st , T R2D_max 1st}, {T R2D_min 2nd , T R2D_max 2nd}, ..., {T R2D_min n-th , T R2D_max n-th}]

[0201] Frequency domain resource [Freq_RB 1st , Freq_RB 2nd , ..., Freq_RB n-th ]

[0202] Time domain resourceInterval where D2R transmission in response to R2D is expectedTime_RB 1st {T R2D_min 1st , T R2D_max 1st}Time_RB 2nd {T R2D_min 2nd , T R2D_max 2nd}......Time_RB n-th {T R2D_min n-th , T R2D_max n-th}

[0203] FIG. 13 is an example illustrating a competitive resource determination according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0204] Figure 13 illustrates a competitive resource determination method for Option 1-Case 1. There are n (here, n=2) time competitive resources Time_RB separated into different time domains. 1st , Time_RB 2nd Each is [T R2D_min 1st , T R2D_max 1st ], [T R2D_min2nd , T R2D_max 2nd It can be mapped to ]. [T R2D_min , T R2D_max ] can mean a boundary to distinguish a single time contention resource Time_RB, and T R2D_min corresponds to the start boundary of the time resource Time_RB and T R2D_max may correspond to the end boundary of the time resource Time_RB. Additionally, frequency resource information Freq_RB is divided into n (here, n=2) distinct frequency domains. 1st , Freq_RB 2nd In cases where [it] is included, as shown in FIG. 13, n A-IoT devices can occupy and select a single time resource Time_RB. Devices 1 and 2 have the same time resource Time_RB 1st You can select it, and devices 3 and 4 use the same time resource Time_RB 2nd You can choose.

[0205] Therefore, the time resource Time_RB 1st The n A-IoT devices that selected are R2D-D2R transmission time intervals [T R2D_min 1st , T R2D_max 1st ] = T R2D_max 1st - T R2D_min 1st MSG1 can be transmitted inside.

[0206] The competitive resource determination method proposed in this invention can be applied equally to the determination of competitive resources for MSG3 transmission as well as MSG1.

[0207] T in Fig. 12 R2D_min 2nd , T R2D_max 2nd is the time resource Time_RB 2nd It can be defined or utilized for the purpose of distinguishing. Here, T R2D_min2nd T represents the starting boundary of the first time resource. R2D_min 1st It can be a value with a single time resource size 'α' added, or a value with 'β' additionally added, representing the gap between different time resources considering SFO. T R2D_max 2nd It can also be calculated in the same form. In summary, it can be expressed as the formula shown below. This can be applied in the same way to the process of determining the time resource Time'_RB for MSG3 transmission.

[0208] Time_RB n-th = [T R2D_min n-th , T R2D_max n-th ]

[0209] T R2D_min n-th = T R2D_min 1st + {(n-1)#of time resources-1*(α+β)}

[0210] T R2D_max n-th = T R2D_max 1st + {(n-1)#of time resources-1*(α+β)}

[0211] FIG. 14 is an example illustrating a competitive resource determination according to another embodiment of the present specification.

[0212] Fig. 14 is T R2D_min This is applied commonly, so all A-IoT devices have one T of the same size. R2D_min Having, T R2D_max is a competitive resource determination method that considers the case where different A-IoT devices have different values. In this case, as a method to distinguish the time resource Time_RB, different T R2D_max The values ​​can be utilized and expressed as shown in the formula below. This competitive resource determination method is T R2D_maxhas a value common to all A-IoT devices, and T R2D_min This can also be applied even if each A-IoT device has different values.

[0213] Time_RB 1st : [T R2D_min , T R2D_max 1st ]

[0214] Time_RB 2nd : [T R2D_min +α+β, T R2D_max 2nd ] or [T R2D_max 1st +β, T R2D_max 2nd ]

[0215] Time_RB n-th : [T R2D_min +{(n-1)*(α+β)}, T R2D_max n-th ] or [T R2D_max (n-1)th +β}, T R2D_max n-th ]

[0216] Case 2. X=1 (X is the number of candidate competing resources in the time domain)

[0217] Case 2 is the case where a D2R message is transmitted based on one (X=1) time domain resource.

[0218] FIG. 15 is an example illustrating a competitive resource determination according to another embodiment of the present specification.

[0219] Referring to Fig. 15, a single time resource Time_RB 1st MSG1 can be transmitted within, and A-IoT devices that failed to select the corresponding time resource, after receiving an R2D message containing resource information for the next round or the next MSG1 transmission, select one time resource Time'_RB 1stMSG1 can be transmitted through this. The method for distinguishing or identifying the time resource Time_RB is the same as the method in Case 1 above. However, since D2R is transmitted through only one time resource, the gap (β) between adjacent time resources is not considered. In addition, if there are n frequency resources (here, 2) that are distinguished by different frequencies within a single time resource, n devices (here, Device 1, 2) can simultaneously occupy the single time resource to transmit MSG1.

[0220] Plan 2. [T of Option 2 R2D ] Determining underlying resources

[0221] FIG. 16 is an example for explaining D2R transmission timing corresponding to R2D transmission according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0222] Plan 2 [T] among the competitive resources separated into different time domains, each time domain competitive resource R2D Classified based on ], and the above time resources and R2D-D2R transmission timing [T R2D ] This is a method for A-IoT devices to select time resources by linking information. Here, [T R2D ] is the D2R transmission timing corresponding to R2D transmission, meaning the time information at which A-IoT devices must transmit D2R messages, and [T R2D ] is T R2D_min Greater than or equal to

[0223] [T R2DBased on ], the boundaries of different time resources can be distinguished in the form shown in the examples below (Examples 1 to 4). In this regard, FIG. 16 shows the D2R transmission timing of a device corresponding to R2D transmission and reception. Here, α may be the size of a time resource within a single slot or a time corresponding to the size of the time resource. β may be the gap between adjacent time resources separated into different time domains. γ may be a value due to SFO and other delays, and T R2D_min It may be the size up to the first time domain resource. The above α, β, and γ may have the same meaning in the above-described Option 1 in addition to Option 2.

[0224] Example 1. Time_RB n-th = [T R2D n-th , T R2D n-th +α]

[0225] Start of time resource: T R2D n-th

[0226] Termination of time resource: T R2D n-th +α

[0227] Example 2. Time_RB n-th = [T R2D n-th , T R2D (n+1)-th -β]

[0228] Start of time resource: T R2D n-th

[0229] Termination of time resource: T R2D (n+1)-th -β

[0230] Example 3. Time_RB n-th = [T R2D_min n-th , T R2D n-th +α], T by time resource or by device R2D_min

[0231] Start of time resource: T R2D_min n-th

[0232] Termination of time resource: T R2D n-th +α

[0233] Example 4. Time_RB n-th = [T R2D_min +{(n-1)×(α+β)}+γ, T R2D n-th +α], common T R2D_min

[0234] Start of time resource: T R2D_min +{(n-1)×(α+β)}+γ

[0235] Termination of time resource: T R2D n-th +α

[0236] [T R2D ] may be configured via an R2D message containing resource information required for D2R transmission from a reader, or may be pre-defined / pre-configured in the device in a mapped form along with contention resource information. If n frequency contention resources, distinguished by different frequencies, are included together in the R2D message, n A-IoT devices may occupy access occasions within a single time resource area Time_RB.

[0237] Table 8 is an example of an R2D-D2R transmission timing mapping table for each time resource to distinguish each time resource separated into different time domains. In Table 8, the values ​​in column 2 can be replaced with values ​​in the form of Examples 1 through 4 above.

[0238] Time domain resourceInterval where D2R transmission in response to R2D is expectedTime_RB 1st {T R2D 1st , T R2D 1st +α}Time_RB 2nd {T R2D 2nd , T R2D 2nd +α}......Time_RB n-th {T R2D n-th , T R2D n-th +α}

[0239] FIG. 17 is an example illustrating a competitive resource determination according to another embodiment of the present specification.

[0240] Figure 17 shows a competitive resource determination method for Option 2, i.e., T R2D It represents a method for determining based competitive resources. R2D_min , T R2D 1st resource, T R2D_max 2nd resource, T' R2D 1st resource and T' R2D_max The second resource is the time resource Time_RB 1st and Time_RB 2nd It can be defined or utilized for the purpose of distinguishing.

[0241] A-IoT devices can transmit MSG1 through n (here, 2) time resources Time_RBs that are separated into different time domains. Additionally, if there are m (here, 2) frequency resources separated into different frequencies, n* devices (here, Device 1, 2, 3, 4) can occupy the time frequency resources and transmit MSG1. A-IoT devices that did not select the corresponding time resources can transmit MSG1 after receiving an R2D message containing resource information for the next round or the next MSG1 transmission.

[0242] A-IoT devices that transmitted MSG1 can select or occupy time / frequency resources for transmitting MSG3 using the method proposed in the present invention when transmitting MSG3 after receiving MSG2.

[0243] FIGS. 18a and 18b illustrate procedures between a reader and a terminal according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0244] FIG. 18a shows the procedure between the reader and the terminal for Option 1-Case 1, and FIG. 18b shows the procedure between the reader and the terminal for Option 1-Case 2.

[0245] Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 18a and 18b, the operation of an A-IoT device (i.e., a terminal) will be described in detail.

[0246] 1. An A-IoT device receives a PRDCH (i.e., R2D) message containing resource information for D2R transmission (e.g., MSG1) from a reader (e.g., a base station). The message may be an A-IoT paging message or a random access (or slot) trigger message. The message may include time and / or frequency resource information for CBRA-based D2R transmission (e.g., MSG1), and the time resource information may include at least one of the following information.

[0247] n D2R transmission time intervals [T] that map to n different time-domain contention resources R2D_min , T R2D_max ] information.

[0248] [T for distinguishing n different time-domain competing resources R2D_min , T R2D_max α, β, and / or γ information required to calculate and correct ]. Here, α may be the size of a time resource within a single slot or the time corresponding to the size of the time resource. β may be the gap between adjacent time resources separated by different time domains. γ may be a value due to SFO and other delays, and T R2D_min It may then be the size up to the first time-domain resource. The α, β, and / or γ information is [T for distinguishing time-contention resources separated into different time domains. R2D_min , T R2D_max It can be used to correct or calculate ].

[0249] The above PDRCH message may be a message from an upper layer, the MAC (Medium Access Control) layer, or the PHY (Physical) layer received through PDRCH. For example, a message from the MAC layer may be a MAC CE (Control Element).

[0250] Meanwhile, if the reader knows the MSG1 size for each device or device group, it can transmit including α information that varies according to different MSG1 sizes. Here, the α value according to the α information may be the difference between the largest MSG1 size and a smaller MSG1 size, and in this case, the α value may be set differently for each device or device group.

[0251] 2. Based on the received R2D-D2R transmission time interval, the A-IoT device randomly selects one time domain resource among the CBRA-based contention resources and transmits MSG1. If the received PRDCH (i.e., R2D) message contains frequency resource information for different frequency resources, the A-IoT device selects one frequency resource for the selected time resource and transmits MSG1 through one access occasion separated by the time / frequency domain.

[0252] 3. The A-IoT device that receives MSG2 transmits MSG3 through the time / frequency resource area indicated / allocated in MSG2. The time resource of the time / frequency resource area allocated in the MSG2 is the transmission time interval [T for MSG3]. R2D_min , T R2D_max It may include ] information.

[0253] Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 18a and 18b, the operation of a reader (e.g., a base station) will be described in detail.

[0254] 1. The reader transmits a PRDCH (i.e., R2D) message containing resource information for D2R transmission (e.g., MSG1). The message may be an A-IoT paging message or a random access (or slot) trigger message. The message may include time and / or frequency resource information for CBRA-based D2R transmission (e.g., MSG1), and the time resource information may include at least one of the following information.

[0255] n D2R transmission time intervals [T] that map to n different time-domain contention resources R2D_min , T R2D_max ] information.

[0256] [T for distinguishing n different time-domain competing resources R2D_min , T R2D_max α, β, and / or γ information required to calculate and correct ]. Here, α may be the size of a time resource within a single slot or the time corresponding to the size of the time resource. β may be the gap between adjacent time resources separated by different time domains. γ may be a value due to SFO and other delays, and T R2D_min It may then be the size up to the first time-domain resource. The α, β, and / or γ information is [T for distinguishing time-contention resources separated into different time domains. R2D_min , T R2D_max It can be used to correct or calculate ].

[0257] The above PDRCH message may be a message of an upper layer, the MAC (Medium Access Control) layer, or the PHY (Physical) layer transmitted via PDRCH. For example, a message of the MAC layer may be a MAC CE (Control Element).

[0258] Meanwhile, if the reader knows the MSG1 size for each device or device group, it can transmit including α information that varies according to different MSG1 sizes. Here, the α value according to the α information may be the difference between the largest MSG1 size and a smaller MSG1 size, and in this case, the α value may be set differently for each device or device group.

[0259] 2. The reader receives MSG1, which is distinguished by different time and / or frequency resources.

[0260] 3. As a response message to the successfully received MSG1, the reader transmits MSG2, which includes time / frequency resource information for MSG3 to be transmitted by the device and the RN of MSG1. The time resource of the time / frequency resource area allocated through the MSG2 is the transmission time interval [T for MSG3 R2D_min , T R2D_max It may include ] information.

[0261] 4. The reader receives MSG3 from the device through the allocated resources above.

[0262] FIG. 19 illustrates a procedure between a reader and a terminal according to another embodiment of the present specification.

[0263] Figure 19 shows the procedure between the reader and the terminal for Option 2.

[0264] Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 19, the operation of an A-IoT device (i.e., a terminal) will be described in detail.

[0265] 1. An A-IoT device receives a PRDCH (i.e., R2D) message containing resource information for D2R transmission (e.g., MSG1) from a reader (e.g., a base station). The message may be an A-IoT paging message or a random access (or slot) trigger message. The message may include time and / or frequency resource information for CBRA-based D2R transmission (e.g., MSG1), and the time resource information may include at least one of the following information.

[0266] n D2R transmission timings [T] that map to n different time-domain contention resources R2D ] information.

[0267] T for distinguishing n different time-domain competing resources R2D_min , T R2D α, β, and / or γ information required to calculate and correct. Here, α may be the size of a time resource within a single slot or the time corresponding to the size of the time resource. β may be the gap between adjacent time resources separated by different time domains. γ may be a value due to SFO and other delays, and T R2D_min It may then be the size up to the first time-domain resource. The α, β, and / or γ information is [T for distinguishing time-contention resources separated into different time domains. R2D_min , T R2D_max It can be used to correct or calculate ].

[0268] The above PDRCH message may be a message from an upper layer, the MAC (Medium Access Control) layer, or the PHY (Physical) layer received through PDRCH. For example, a message from the MAC layer may be a MAC CE (Control Element).

[0269] Meanwhile, if the reader knows the MSG1 size for each device or device group, it can transmit including α information that varies according to different MSG1 sizes. Here, the α value according to the α information may be the difference between the largest MSG1 size and a smaller MSG1 size, and in this case, the α value may be set differently for each device or device group.

[0270] 2. Based on the received R2D-D2R transmission timing, the A-IoT device randomly selects one time-domain resource among the CBRA-based contention resources and transmits MSG1. If the received PRDCH (i.e., R2D) message contains frequency resource information for different frequency resources, the A-IoT device selects one frequency resource for the selected time resource and transmits MSG1 through one access occasion separated by the time / frequency domain.

[0271] 3. The A-IoT device that receives MSG2 transmits MSG3 through the time / frequency resource area indicated / allocated in MSG2. The time resource of the time / frequency resource area allocated in the MSG2 is the D2R transmission timing [T for MSG3 R2D It may include ] information.

[0272] Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 19, the operation of a reader (e.g., a base station) will be described in detail.

[0273] 1. The reader transmits a PRDCH (i.e., R2D) message containing resource information for D2R transmission (e.g., MSG1). The message may be an A-IoT paging message or a random access (or slot) trigger message. The message may include time and / or frequency resource information for CBRA-based D2R transmission (e.g., MSG1), and the time resource information may include at least one of the following information.

[0274] n D2R transmission timings [T] that map to n different time-domain contention resources R2D ] information.

[0275] T for distinguishing n different time-domain competing resources R2D_min , T R2D α, β, and / or γ information required to calculate and correct. Here, α may be the size of a time resource within a single slot or the time corresponding to the size of the time resource. β may be the gap between adjacent time resources separated by different time domains. γ may be a value due to SFO and other delays, and T R2D_min It may then be the size up to the first time-domain resource. The α, β, and / or γ information is [T for distinguishing time-contention resources separated into different time domains. R2D_min , T R2D_max It can be used to correct or calculate ].

[0276] The above PDRCH message may be a message of an upper layer, the MAC (Medium Access Control) layer, or the PHY (Physical) layer transmitted via PDRCH. For example, a message of the MAC layer may be a MAC CE (Control Element).

[0277] Meanwhile, if the reader knows the MSG1 size for each device or device group, it can transmit including α information that varies according to different MSG1 sizes. Here, the α value according to the α information may be the difference between the largest MSG1 size and a smaller MSG1 size, and in this case, the α value may be set differently for each device or device group.

[0278] 2. The reader receives MSG1, which is distinguished by different time and / or frequency resources.

[0279] 3. As a response message to the successfully received MSG1, the reader transmits MSG2, which includes time / frequency resource information for MSG3 to be transmitted by the device and the RN of MSG1. The time resource of the time / frequency resource area allocated through the MSG2 is the D2R transmission timing [T for MSG3 R2D It may include ] information.

[0280] 4. The reader receives MSG3 from the device through the allocated resources above.

[0281] The disclosures of this specification described above may be implemented through various means. For example, the disclosures of this specification may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. Specifically, they will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0282] FIG. 20 shows an apparatus according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0283] Referring to FIG. 20, the wireless communication system may include a first device (100a) and a second device (100b).

[0284] The first device (100a) may be a base station, network node, transmission terminal, receiving terminal, wireless device, wireless communication device, vehicle, vehicle equipped with autonomous driving function, connected car, drone (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, UAV), AI (Artificial Intelligence) module, robot, AR (Augmented Reality) device, VR (Virtual Reality) device, MR (Mixed Reality) device, hologram device, public safety device, MTC device, IoT device, medical device, fintech device (or financial device), security device, climate / environment device, device related to 5G service, or other device related to the field of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

[0285] The second device (100b) may be a base station, network node, transmission terminal, receiving terminal, wireless device, wireless communication device, vehicle, vehicle equipped with autonomous driving function, connected car, drone (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, UAV), AI (Artificial Intelligence) module, robot, AR (Augmented Reality) device, VR (Virtual Reality) device, MR (Mixed Reality) device, hologram device, public safety device, MTC device, IoT device, medical device, fintech device (or financial device), security device, climate / environment device, device related to 5G service, or other device related to the field of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

[0286] The first device (100a) may include at least one processor, such as a processor (1020a), at least one memory, such as a memory (1010a), and at least one transceiver, such as a transceiver (1031a). The processor (1020a) may perform the aforementioned functions, procedures, and / or methods. The processor (1020a) may perform one or more protocols. For example, the processor (1020a) may perform one or more layers of a wireless interface protocol. The memory (1010a) is connected to the processor (1020a) and may store various forms of information and / or commands. The transceiver (1031a) is connected to the processor (1020a) and may be controlled to transmit and receive wireless signals.

[0287] The second device (100b) may include at least one processor, such as a processor (1020b), at least one memory device, such as a memory (1010b), and at least one transceiver, such as a transceiver (1031b). The processor (1020b) may perform the aforementioned functions, procedures, and / or methods. The processor (1020b) may implement one or more protocols. For example, the processor (1020b) may implement one or more layers of a wireless interface protocol. The memory (1010b) is connected to the processor (1020b) and may store various forms of information and / or commands. The transceiver (1031b) is connected to the processor (1020b) and may be controlled to transmit and receive wireless signals.

[0288] The memory (1010a) and / or the memory (1010b) may be connected to the processor (1020a) and / or the processor (1020b) respectively, either internally or externally, and may also be connected to other processors through various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0289] The first device (100a) and / or the second device (100b) may have one or more antennas. For example, the antenna (1036a) and / or antenna (1036b) may be configured to transmit and receive wireless signals.

[0290] FIG. 21 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a terminal according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0291] In particular, FIG. 21 is a drawing illustrating the device of FIG. 20 in more detail.

[0292] The device includes a memory (1010), a processor (1020), a transceiver (1031), a power management module (1091), a battery (1092), a display (1041), an input unit (1053), a speaker (1042) and a microphone (1052), a SIM (subscriber identification module) card, and one or more antennas.

[0293] The processor (1020) may be configured to implement the proposed functions, procedures, and / or methods described herein. Layers of a radio interface protocol may be implemented in the processor (1020). The processor (1020) may include an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), other chipsets, logic circuits, and / or data processing devices. The processor (1020) may be an application processor (AP). The processor (1020) may include at least one of a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a modem (modulator and demodulator). Examples of processors (1020) may be SNAPDRAGON™ series processors manufactured by Qualcomm®, EXYNOSTM series processors manufactured by Samsung®, A series processors manufactured by Apple®, HELIO™ series processors manufactured by MediaTek®, ATOM™ series processors manufactured by INTEL®, KIRINTM series processors manufactured by HiSilicon®, or corresponding next-generation processors.

[0294] The power management module (1091) manages power for the processor (1020) and / or the transceiver (1031). The battery (1092) supplies power to the power management module (1091). The display (1041) outputs the results processed by the processor (1020). The input unit (1053) receives input to be used by the processor (1020). The input unit (1053) may be displayed on the display (1041). A SIM card is an integrated circuit used to securely store the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) and associated keys used to identify and authenticate a subscriber in mobile devices such as mobile phones and computers. Contact information may also be stored on many SIM cards.

[0295] Memory (1010) is operably coupled with the processor (1020) and stores various information for operating the processor (610). Memory (1010) may include ROM (read-only memory), RAM (random access memory), flash memory, memory card, storage medium and / or other storage device. Where the embodiment is implemented in software, the techniques described herein may be implemented as modules (e.g., procedures, functions, etc.) that perform the functions described herein. Modules may be stored in memory (1010) and executed by the processor (1020). Memory (1010) may be implemented inside the processor (1020). Alternatively, memory (1010) may be implemented outside the processor (1020) and may be communically connected to the processor (1020) through various means known in the art.

[0296] The transceiver (1031) is operably coupled with the processor (1020) and transmits and / or receives a wireless signal. The transceiver (1031) includes a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver (1031) may include a baseband circuit for processing a wireless frequency signal. The transceiver controls one or more antennas to transmit and / or receive a wireless signal. The processor (1020) transmits command information to the transceiver (1031) to transmit a wireless signal, for example, constituting voice communication data, in order to initiate communication. The antennas function to transmit and receive wireless signals. When receiving a wireless signal, the transceiver (1031) may transmit the signal to the processor (1020) for processing and convert the signal to baseband. The processed signal may be converted into audible or readable information output through a speaker (1042).

[0297] The speaker (1042) outputs sound-related results processed by the processor (1020). The microphone (1052) receives sound-related input to be used by the processor (1020).

[0298] The user inputs command information, such as a phone number, by, for example, pressing (or touching) a button on the input unit (1053) or by voice activation using the microphone (1052). The processor (1020) receives this command information and processes it to perform appropriate functions, such as making a call to the phone number. Operational data can be extracted from a SIM card or memory (1010). Additionally, the processor (1020) can display the command information or operation information on the display (1041) for the user's awareness and convenience.

[0299] FIG. 22 shows a block diagram of a processor in which the disclosure of the present specification is implemented.

[0300] As can be seen with reference to FIG. 22, a processor (1020) in which the disclosure of this specification is implemented may include a plurality of circuits to implement the proposed functions, procedures and / or methods described in this specification. For example, the processor (1020) may include a first circuit (1020-1), a second circuit (1020-2), and a third circuit (1020-3). Additionally, although not illustrated, the processor (1020) may include more circuits. Each circuit may include a plurality of transistors.

[0301] The above processor (1020) may be called an ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit) or an AP (application processor), and may include at least one of a DSP (digital signal processor), a CPU (central processing unit), and a GPU (graphics processing unit).

[0302] FIG. 23 is a block diagram showing in detail the transceiver of the first device shown in FIG. 20 or the transceiver of the device shown in FIG. 21.

[0303] Referring to FIG. 23, the transceiver unit (1031) includes a transmitter (1031-1) and a receiver (1031-2). The transmitter (1031-1) includes a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) unit (1031-11), a subcarrier mapper (1031-12), an IFFT unit (1031-13), a CP insertion unit (1031-14), and a wireless transmitter (1031-15). The transmitter (1031-1) may further include a modulator. Additionally, it may further include, for example, a scramble unit (not shown), a modulation mapper (not shown), a layer mapper (not shown), and a layer permutator (not shown), which may be positioned prior to the DFT unit (1031-11). That is, to prevent an increase in the PAPR (peak-to-average power ratio), the transmitter (1031-1) first passes the information through the DFT (1031-11) before mapping the signal to the subcarrier. After the signal spread (or precoded in the same sense) by the DFT section (1031-11) is mapped to the subcarrier through the subcarrier mapper (1031-12), it is then passed through the IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) section (1031-13) to form a signal on the time axis.

[0304] The DFT unit (1031-11) performs a DFT on the input symbols to output complex-valued symbols. For example, if Ntx symbols are input (where Ntx is a natural number), the DFT size is Ntx. The DFT unit (1031-11) may be called a transform precoder. The subcarrier mapper (1031-12) maps the complex-valued symbols to each subcarrier in the frequency domain. The complex-valued symbols may be mapped to resource elements corresponding to resource blocks allocated for data transmission. The subcarrier mapper (1031-12) may be called a resource element mapper. The IFFT unit (1031-13) performs an IFFT on the input symbols to output a baseband signal for the data, which is a time-domain signal. The CP insertion section (1031-14) copies a portion of the latter part of the base band signal for data and inserts it into the front part of the base band signal for data. Through CP insertion, Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI) and Inter-Carrier Interference (ICI) are prevented, so that orthogonality can be maintained even in a multipath channel.

[0305] On the other hand, the receiver (1031-2) includes a wireless receiver (1031-21), a CP removal unit (1031-22), an FFT unit (1031-23), and an equalization unit (1031-24), etc. The wireless receiver (1031-21), CP removal unit (1031-22), and FFT unit (1031-23) of the receiver (1031-2) perform the inverse functions of the wireless transmitter (1031-15), CP insertion unit (1031-14), and IFF unit (1031-13) of the transmitter (1031-1). The receiver (1031-2) may further include a demodulator.

[0306] Although preferred embodiments have been described by way of example above, the disclosure of this specification is not limited to such specific embodiments, and may be modified, changed, or improved in various forms within the scope of the spirit and claims of this specification.

[0307] In the exemplary system described above, methods are described based on a flowchart as a series of steps or blocks, but are not limited to the order of the described steps, and some steps may occur in a different order or simultaneously with other steps as described above. Furthermore, a person skilled in the art will understand that the steps shown in the flowchart are not exclusive, and that other steps may be included, or that one or more steps of the flowchart may be omitted without affecting the scope of rights.

[0308] The claims described in this specification may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a method. Furthermore, the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a method.

Claims

1. In a method of operation of a terminal in a wireless communication system, A step of receiving D2R transmission time information for transmitting a D2R (Device to Reader) message; and Based on the received D2R transmission time information, the method includes the step of transmitting the D2R message. A method in which the above D2R transmission time information includes at least one of D2R transmission time interval information and D2R transmission timing information.

2. In Paragraph 1, A method for defining the transmission time interval of a D2R message transmitted in response to an R2D (Reader to Device) message transmitted from a reader, wherein the above D2R transmission time interval information defines the transmission time interval of the D2R message.

3. In Paragraph 1, A method for defining the transmission timing of a D2R message transmitted in response to an R2D (Reader to Device) message transmitted from a reader, wherein the above D2R transmission timing information defines the transmission timing of the D2R message.

4. In Paragraph 1, A method in which the above D2R transmission time information is received through a paging message or a message setting a D2R transmission resource.

5. In Paragraph 1, Multiple time domain resources for the transmission of the D2R message are distinguished by the above D2R transmission time information, and A method in which the D2R message is transmitted through one of the plurality of time domain resources randomly selected.

6. In Paragraph 1, A method further comprising the step of receiving specific information for performing at least one of the calculation and correction of the above D2R transmission time information.

7. In Paragraph 6, The above D2R message is a first message that performs contention-based random access, and A method in which the above specific information is configured according to the size of the first message.

8. In Paragraph 7, The method further includes the step of receiving a second message in response to the first message, and A method in which the second message comprises at least one of transmission time interval information and transmission timing information of a subsequent third message.

9. As a terminal in a wireless communication system, At least one processor; and The operation performed based on the instruction being executed by the at least one processor includes at least one memory that stores instructions and is operablely electrically connected to the at least one processor: A step of receiving D2R transmission time information for transmitting a D2R (Device to Reader) message, and Based on the received D2R transmission time information, the method includes the step of transmitting the D2R message. A terminal comprising at least one of D2R transmission time information and D2R transmission time interval information.

10. In Paragraph 9, A terminal that defines the transmission time interval of the D2R message transmitted in response to the R2D (Reader to Device) message transmitted from the reader, wherein the above D2R transmission time interval information defines the transmission time interval of the D2R message.

11. In Paragraph 9, A terminal that defines the transmission timing of the D2R message transmitted in response to the R2D (Reader to Device) message transmitted from the reader, wherein the above D2R transmission timing information defines the transmission timing of the D2R message.

12. In Paragraph 9, A terminal that receives the above D2R transmission time information through a paging message or a message setting a D2R transmission resource.

13. In Paragraph 9, Multiple time domain resources for the transmission of the D2R message are distinguished by the above D2R transmission time information, and A terminal through which the D2R message is transmitted via one of the plurality of time domain resources arbitrarily selected above.

14. In Paragraph 9, Based on the execution of the above instruction by the at least one processor, the operation performed is: A terminal further comprising the step of receiving specific information for performing at least one of the calculation and correction of the above D2R transmission time information.

15. In Paragraph 14, The above D2R message is a first message that performs contention-based random access, and The terminal, wherein the above specific information is configured according to the size of the first message.

16. In Paragraph 15, Based on the execution of the above instruction by the at least one processor, the operation performed is: The method further includes the step of receiving a second message in response to the first message, and A terminal in which the second message above includes at least one of transmission time interval information and transmission timing information of a subsequent third message.

Images