On-board transformer and box structure thereof, and rail vehicle

Abstract

The present invention provides an on-board transformer and a box structure thereof, and a rail vehicle. The box structure is configured to be mounted outside a vehicle, a transformer coil structure is provided in the box structure, a heat dissipation structure is mounted outside at least one box wall of the box structure, and the box structure is internally provided with a coil cavity and an outer side cavity; the coil cavity is formed in a space accommodating the transformer coil structure, and a coolant in the coil cavity is used for coming into contact with a coil in the transformer coil structure; a coolant inlet of the box structure is in communication with a coolant outlet of the box structure by means of the coil cavity and the outer side cavity in sequence; when the box structure is mounted on the vehicle, the outer side cavity is located on the side of the coil cavity away from the vehicle; and the cavity wall of the outer side cavity away from the coil cavity is the box wall provided with the heat dissipation structure.

Description

Onboard transformers and their enclosure structures, rail vehicles Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a housing structure for an on-board transformer, and more particularly to a housing structure for a transformer installed on a rail vehicle, an on-board transformer, and a rail vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Traction transformers for rail transit vehicles are installed on the train to convert high-voltage electricity (such as the 25kV voltage of the overhead contact line) into various low-voltage electricity required by the traction and auxiliary systems. They are the power source of rail vehicles and the core and key component of the traction system.

[0003] With the increasing demands for low energy consumption in electrical equipment worldwide, the rapid development of rail transit, and the growing need for passenger comfort and safety, it has become increasingly important to develop green, economical, environmentally friendly, safe, and reliable rail transit components that are lower in noise, higher in efficiency, have lower component drive power consumption, require less maintenance, and have fewer components and controls.

[0004] Current rail transit vehicle traction transformers typically employ forced ventilation cooling via cooling fans. The traction transformer cooling system generally includes filters, coolers, fans, and motors. During operation, the cooling fan impeller rotates under the drive of the motor, forcing cooling air to flow sequentially through the filters and coolers. As shown in Figure 1, the coolant in the traction transformer's housing structure 10 (also referred to as the traction transformer body) sequentially enters the cooler 20 through the coolant outlet 10A, outlet pipe 301, and cooler inlet 20B. The coolant (e.g., transformer oil) exchanges heat with the cooling air within the cooler. The cooled coolant then flows back to the traction transformer body's oil tank (i.e., housing structure 10) sequentially through the cooler outlet 20A, inlet pipe 302, and coolant inlet 10B, where it exchanges heat with various components, continuing to cool components such as the transformer coil structure 1. This cycle repeats, achieving the cooling of the traction transformer.

[0005] The disadvantages of the aforementioned prior art include:

[0006] 1) The cooling of the traction transformer relies on the power supply to drive the rotating motor, which drives the fan impeller to carry out forced ventilation to cool the transformer cooling medium. Although the cooling power is large, the fan aerodynamic noise is large, and the fan motor requires a large amount of driving power to drive.

[0007] 2) Coolers typically use a dense fin design, making them prone to clogging during operation. This necessitates frequent air blowing or water washing of the cooler and filter every 3-30 days. Additionally, the fan motor bearings require periodic replacement. Therefore, maintenance and repair are extensive, resulting in higher life-cycle costs.

[0008] 3) The cooling system includes filters, coolers, cooling fans and motors, fan protection devices, etc. The system has many components, high cost, and increased probability of failure. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The problem this invention aims to solve is that the cooling method of forced ventilation using cooling fans in existing rail transit vehicle traction transformers results in high aerodynamic noise, high power consumption, and frequent maintenance of the cooling system. The invention provides a housing structure for an on-board transformer.

[0010] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a housing structure for a vehicle-mounted transformer, wherein the housing structure (10) is used to be installed on the outside of a vehicle (100), and a transformer coil structure (1) is provided in the housing structure (10).

[0011] The housing structure (10) has at least one heat dissipation structure installed on the outer side of the housing wall, and the heat dissipation structure is made of thermally conductive material.

[0012] The housing structure (10) has a coil cavity (102) and an outer cavity (104); the coil cavity (102) is formed in the space that accommodates the transformer coil structure (1), and the coolant in the coil cavity (102) is used to contact the coil in the transformer coil structure (1);

[0013] The coolant inlet (10B) of the box structure (10) is connected to the coolant outlet (10A) of the box structure (10) in sequence through the coil cavity (102) and the outer cavity (104);

[0014] When the housing structure (10) is installed in the vehicle (100), the outer cavity (104) is located on the side of the coil cavity (102) away from the vehicle (100);

[0015] The outer cavity (104) away from the coil cavity (102) has a box wall with a heat dissipation structure installed on it.

[0016] In this invention, the heat from the coolant in the outer cavity is conducted to the heat dissipation structure, which then exchanges heat with the outside air, thereby cooling the coolant. According to the above technical solution, the coolant entering the housing structure through the coolant inlet first cools the coil through the coil cavity. Because the sidewall of the outer cavity is equipped with a heat dissipation structure, the outer cavity can effectively cool the coolant, allowing the coolant that has absorbed heat from the coil to be cooled within the outer cavity before flowing out of the housing structure through the coolant outlet. Thus, cooling of the coolant can be achieved within the housing structure itself. Through the above-mentioned technical solutions of the present invention: (a) since the coolant can be cooled inside the housing structure, it is possible to choose not to install an additional cooling system outside the housing structure, thereby simplifying the structure of the entire vehicle-mounted transformer, reducing noise, reducing power consumption, reducing maintenance costs, and reducing the probability of failure; (b) it is also possible to choose to install an additional cooling system outside the housing structure. Since the coolant can be cooled inside the housing structure, the heat dissipation power requirement of the cooling system outside the housing structure is reduced, thereby reducing the aerodynamic noise of the fan, reducing the power consumption of the fan, and reducing maintenance workload and maintenance costs.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the number of transformer coil structures (1) in the box structure (10) is K, K≥1; the box structure (10) has K coil cavities (102).

[0018] The space between the outermost and innermost coils of the i-th transformer coil structure (1) forms the i-th coil cavity (102) corresponding to the i-th transformer coil structure (1); 1≤i≤K;

[0019] Each coil cavity (102) is connected to the coolant inlet (10B) of the housing structure (10) through a liquid inlet receiving cavity (101);

[0020] Each coil cavity (102) is connected to the coolant outlet (10A) of the housing structure (10) via the connecting cavity (103), the outer cavity (104).

[0021] With the above setup, coolant enters the coil cavity located between the outermost and innermost coils to cool the coil, thus achieving a better cooling effect on the coil.

[0022] In the above technical solution, the box structure (10) is provided with a first partition structure (PA1), a second partition structure (PA2), and a third partition structure (PA3).

[0023] The first partition structure (PA1), the second partition structure (PA2), the third partition structure (PA3), and the enclosure structure (10) form a first space, which houses each transformer coil structure (1).

[0024] The outermost coil, the innermost coil, the first partition structure (PA1), and the second partition structure (PA2) of the i-th transformer coil structure (1) form a coil cavity (102) corresponding to the i-th transformer coil structure (1).

[0025] The second space enclosed by the first partition structure (PA1), the second partition structure (PA2), the third partition structure (PA3), and the box structure (10) is the outer cavity (104).

[0026] The coil cavity (102) is connected to the liquid inlet cavity (101) through a through hole opened on the first partition structure (PA1) corresponding to the coil cavity (102);

[0027] The coil cavity (102) is connected to the connecting cavity (103) through a through hole on the second partition structure (PA2) corresponding to the coil cavity (102). The second partition structure (PA2) is also provided with a through hole for connecting the connecting cavity (103) and the outer cavity (104).

[0028] By setting up a partition structure, the inner cavity of the box structure is divided into multiple chambers, so that the coolant entering the box structure passes through the liquid inlet chamber, coil chamber, connecting chamber and outer chamber in sequence. This allows the coolant to be forced to circulate through the outer chamber connected to the heat dissipation structure, achieving a better cooling effect.

[0029] In the above technical solution, the first partition structure (PA1) includes a first baffle (31) fixedly connected to the box structure (10), and there is a gap between the first baffle (31) and the box wall of the box structure (10);

[0030] The first partition structure (PA1) further includes a first annular sealing structure (61) connected to the first baffle (31) and extending from the first baffle (31) to the box wall of the box structure (10).

[0031] During its research, the applicant discovered that when baffles are installed as partitions within the inner cavity of a box structure, assembly errors exist. If a first baffle is installed that matches the dimensions of the inner cavity, it is difficult for the first baffle to achieve a good seal with each box wall. In this application, a gap is created between the outer periphery of the first baffle and the box wall, and a seal is achieved through a first annular sealing structure extending to the box wall, thereby significantly reducing the requirements for assembly precision.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the first annular sealing structure (61) is a rigid, flexible first material. More preferably, the first material has a hardness of at least 70 HD and an elongation of at least 15%.

[0033] With the above configuration, since the first annular sealing structure is flexible, it can connect with the first baffle while also abutting against the box wall, thus achieving a sealing effect. The first annular sealing structure can be made of paper material.

[0034] In another preferred embodiment, the first annular sealing structure (61) includes first extension portions (61A) that are the same number as and corresponding to the walls of the housing structure (10). The first extension portions (61A) are connected to the first baffle (31) and extend from the first baffle (31) to the corresponding housing wall. Each of the first extension portions (61A) is interconnected to form the first annular sealing structure (61). More preferably, the first extension portions (61A) are hinged to the first baffle (31), and the first extension portions (61A) are connected to the corresponding housing wall by a soft sealing material, which is installed on the housing wall or disposed at the end of the first extension portion (61A).

[0035] With the above configuration, the rotatable first extension is connected to the corresponding box wall through a soft sealing material, thereby achieving a good seal with the box wall.

[0036] In another preferred embodiment, the first annular sealing structure (61) extends into the first mounting groove of the first baffle (31) and is thus connected to the first baffle (31).

[0037] In the above technical solution, the second partition structure (PA2) includes a second baffle (32) fixedly connected to the box structure (10), and there is a gap between the second baffle (32) and the box wall of the box structure (10);

[0038] The second partition structure (PA2) also includes a second annular sealing structure (62) connected to the second baffle (32) and extending from the second baffle (32) to the box wall of the box structure (10).

[0039] During its research, the applicant discovered that when baffles are installed as partitions within the inner cavity of a box structure, assembly errors exist. If a second baffle is installed that matches the dimensions of the inner cavity, it is difficult for the second baffle to achieve a good seal with all the box walls. In this application, a gap is created between the outer periphery of the second baffle and the box wall, achieving a seal through a second annular sealing structure extending to each box wall. This significantly reduces the requirements for assembly precision.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the second annular sealing structure (62) is a rigid, flexible second material. More preferably, the second material has a hardness of at least 70 HD and an elongation of at least 15%.

[0041] With the above configuration, because the second annular sealing structure is flexible, it can connect with the second baffle while also abutting against the box wall, thus achieving a sealing effect. The second annular sealing structure can be made of paper material.

[0042] In another preferred embodiment, the second annular sealing structure (62) includes second extension portions (62A) that are the same number as and corresponding to the walls of the housing structure (10). Each second extension portion (62A) is interconnected to form the second annular sealing structure (62). The second extension portion (62A) is connected to the second baffle (32) and extends from the second baffle (32) to the corresponding housing wall. More preferably, the second extension portion (62A) is hinged to the second baffle (32), and the second extension portion (62A) is connected to the corresponding housing wall by a soft sealing material, which is installed on the housing wall or disposed at the end of the second extension portion (62A).

[0043] With the above configuration, the rotatable second extension is connected to the corresponding housing wall through a soft sealing material, thereby achieving a good seal with the housing wall.

[0044] In another preferred embodiment, the second annular sealing structure (62) extends into the second mounting groove of the second baffle (32) and is thus connected to the second baffle (32).

[0045] In the above technical solution, the first partition structure (PA1) includes a first limiting member (21) fixedly connected to the box structure (10), a first baffle (31), and a first annular sealing structure (61) connected to the first baffle (31); there is a gap between the first baffle (31) and the box wall of the box structure (10), and the first annular sealing structure (61) extends from the first baffle (31) to the box wall of the box structure (10);

[0046] The second partition structure (PA2) includes a second limiting member (22) fixedly connected to the box structure (10), a second baffle (32), and a second annular sealing structure (62) connected to the second baffle (32); there is a gap between the second baffle (32) and the box wall of the box structure (10), and the second annular sealing structure (62) extends from the second baffle (32) to the box wall of the box structure (10);

[0047] The first limiting member (21) and the second limiting member (22) are respectively provided. The first limiting member (21) and the second limiting member (22) are located on both sides of the first space. The first limiting member (21) and the corresponding second limiting member (22) are fixedly connected by a connecting rod (5). There are gaps between the first limiting member (21) and the box wall of the box structure (10) and between the second limiting member (22) and the box wall of the box structure (10).

[0048] The connecting rod (5) is connected to the first baffle (31) and the second baffle (32);

[0049] The first baffle (31) is located between the first limiting member (21) and the transformer coil structure (1);

[0050] The second baffle (32) is located between the second limiting member (22) and the transformer coil structure (1).

[0051] In this invention, a stable structure is formed by the first limiting member, the second limiting member, and the connecting rod. The first limiting member (21) and the second limiting member (22) abut against the first baffle (31) and the second baffle (32) respectively, thereby clamping the transformer coil structure (1) between the first baffle (31) and the second baffle (32) to ensure the stability of each component in the housing structure during vehicle operation.

[0052] In the above technical solution, the first limiting member (21) and the corresponding second limiting member (22) are fixedly connected by at least two spaced connecting rods (5). The third partition structure (PA3) includes a sheet-like sealing structure (63). The sheet-like sealing structure (63) is installed on the connecting rod (5) by a first clamping member (41) and a second clamping member (42) corresponding to the connecting rod (5). The connecting rod (5) and the sheet-like sealing structure (63) are both clamped by the corresponding first clamping member (41) and second clamping member (42). The box walls of the first partition structure (PA1), the second partition structure (PA2), and the box structure (10) are all sealed to the sheet-like sealing structure (63).

[0053] In this invention, the sheet-like sealing structure can be installed on the connecting rod by the first clamping member and the second clamping member corresponding to the connecting rod. For example, the sheet-like sealing structure covers the connecting rod, and both the sheet-like sealing structure and the connecting rod are clamped by the first clamping member and the second clamping member, thereby achieving clamping and fixing of the sheet-like sealing structure.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, the sheet-like sealing structure (63) is a rigid, flexible third material. More preferably, the third material has a hardness of at least 70HD and an elongation of at least 15%. For example, in this embodiment, the third material is NOMEX cardboard.

[0055] In the preferred technical solution, the distance between the axis of each connecting rod (5) and the axis of the transformer coil structure (1) in the height direction of the box structure (10) is smaller than the outer diameter of the transformer coil structure (1), so that in the height direction of the box structure (10), the height difference between at least part of the plate-shaped sealing structure (63) and the height of the axis of the transformer coil structure (1) is smaller than the outer diameter of the transformer coil structure (1).

[0056] During the applicant's research, it was found that the larger the capacity of the outer cavity, the better the heat dissipation effect of the coolant. However, if the overall transformer housing structure size is increased in order to increase the volume of the outer cavity, it is not conducive to the arrangement and miniaturization design of the housing structure on the outside of the vehicle. By setting the above-mentioned preferred technical solution, for example, when the housing structure is installed at the bottom of the vehicle, at least a part of the sheet-like sealing structure (63) is higher than the lowest end of the transformer coil structure, that is, at least a part of the space around the transformer coil structure is also included as part of the outer cavity (104), thereby maximizing the inner cavity capacity of the outer cavity, which is more conducive to the heat dissipation effect of the coolant.

[0057] In the above technical solution, the first annular sealing structure (61) is formed as a whole into a concave structure facing the liquid inlet cavity (101).

[0058] With the above configuration, the surface of the first annular sealing structure forms an inclined surface. When the coolant in the liquid inlet cavity moves towards the coil cavity, the coolant in the liquid inlet cavity will also exert liquid pressure on the inclined surface of the first annular sealing structure, resulting in a better sealing effect between the first annular sealing structure and the housing wall.

[0059] In the above technical solution, the second annular sealing structure (62) is formed as a whole into a concave structure facing the connecting cavity (103).

[0060] With the above configuration, the surface of the second annular sealing structure is formed with an incline. When the coolant in the liquid inlet cavity moves towards the coil cavity, the coolant in the liquid inlet cavity will also exert liquid pressure on the incline of the first annular sealing structure, so that the second annular sealing structure has a better sealing effect with the housing wall.

[0061] In the above technical solution, when the box structure (10) is installed on the top / bottom of the vehicle (100), one of the box walls used to install the heat dissipation structure is the bottom / top wall of the box structure (10).

[0062] With the above configuration, the housing wall where the heat sink is installed is the housing wall away from the vehicle, so that a strong airflow can be generated on this housing wall side when the vehicle is running, thereby playing a better role in cooling the heat sink.

[0063] In the preferred technical solution, at least one of the other boxes of the box structure (10) is also equipped with a heat dissipation structure.

[0064] In the above technical solution, the heat dissipation structure is a heat sink (7).

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, when the housing structure (10) is installed in a vehicle (100), the extension direction of the heat sink (7) is parallel to the direction of travel of the vehicle (100).

[0066] With the above settings, the airflow passes between adjacent heat sinks, thus achieving a better cooling effect on the heat sinks.

[0067] In the above technical solution, the outlet of the outer cavity (104) is close to the first partition structure (PA1).

[0068] The above configuration allows the outer cavity to have a larger capacity, which is beneficial for the heat dissipation of the coolant in the outer cavity.

[0069] In the above technical solution, the angle between the axial direction of the transformer coil structure (1) and the extension direction of the heat sink (7) is in the range of [0°, 90°].

[0070] The above technical solutions include the following three forms:

[0071] Type 1: The material of the box wall is a thermally conductive material;

[0072] The second form: the heat dissipation structure extends into the outer cavity (104);

[0073] The third form: The heat dissipation structure forms a cavity that communicates with the inner cavity of the outer cavity (104).

[0074] The above three forms can be set individually, or at least two of them can be used, or all three forms can be used simultaneously.

[0075] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides an on-board transformer, including the housing structure described in any of the above claims.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment, the vehicle-mounted transformer further includes a pump (30), the inlet and outlet of which are respectively connected to the coolant outlet (10A) and coolant inlet (10B).

[0077] By adopting the above-described configuration, the additional cooling system required on the outside of the housing structure in existing technologies can be eliminated, simplifying layout and control, reducing the probability of failure, improving the reliability of the entire vehicle and the on-board transformer, and significantly reducing the total life-cycle cost of the on-board transformer. The on-board transformer of this invention can be a traction transformer.

[0078] In another preferred embodiment, the vehicle-mounted transformer further includes a cooler (20), which has a cooler inlet (20B) and a cooler outlet (20A); the cooler outlet (20A) is connected to the coolant inlet (10B) of the housing structure (10), and the cooler inlet (20B) is connected to the coolant outlet (10A) of the housing structure (10).

[0079] With the above configuration, the coolant is cooled by the outer cavity formed in the box structure and the cooler on the outside of the box structure. Compared with the existing technology that only sets the cooler on the outside of the box structure, it can achieve a better cooling effect on the coolant.

[0080] In a more preferred technical solution, there are at least two coolers (20), and the cooler outlet (20A) of each cooler (20) is connected to the coolant inlet (10B) of the box structure (10), and the cooler inlet (20B) of each cooler (20) is connected to the coolant outlet (10A) of the box structure (10).

[0081] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a rail vehicle, including the above-mentioned on-board transformer.

[0082] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are as follows: The proposed enclosure structure for an on-board transformer is suitable for on-board transformers in rail transit vehicles, such as traction transformers installed under or on the roof of the vehicle. This invention combines the internal structural characteristics of the transformer with an innovative design of the cooling liquid path and cooling structure, forcing the coolant to flow through the outer cavity of the enclosure structure away from the vehicle, fully utilizing the airflow passing over the transformer during vehicle operation to achieve transformer cooling. The on-board transformer of this invention has the advantages of small size, light weight, low noise, easy maintenance, and low life-cycle cost, and is particularly suitable for lightweight, miniaturized, and high-reliability on-board transformers. When no cooler is installed on the outside of the enclosure structure, the forced ventilation cooling fan can be eliminated, significantly reducing transformer noise (e.g., by >15dB(A)), eliminating fan drive power consumption, eliminating the need for fan maintenance and bearing replacement, extending the cooler cleaning cycle, significantly reducing maintenance work, eliminating filters, existing fan protection devices and control logic on the train, simplifying the overall vehicle layout and control, reducing the probability of failure, improving the reliability of the entire vehicle and traction transformer, and significantly reducing the transformer's life-cycle cost. Attached Figure Description

[0083] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0084] Figure 1 shows the enclosure structure of the traction transformer and the connection structure of the cooler in an existing rail vehicle.

[0085] Figure 2 is a top view (viewed along the vehicle height direction) of the box structure and the connection between the pump and the embodiment 1 of the present invention, showing the internal structure of the box.

[0086] Figure 3 is a front view of the box structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention (viewed along the length of the vehicle), wherein the pump connected to the box structure is shown in dashed line form.

[0087] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the box structure in Figure 3 and the vehicle;

[0088] Figure 4A is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the first extension part that is sealed and connected to the top wall of the box structure in Figure 4;

[0089] Figure 4B is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the first extension part that is sealed and connected to the top wall of the box structure in Figure 4.

[0090] Figure 4C is a schematic diagram of the third structure of the first extension part that is sealed and connected to the top wall of the box structure in Figure 4.

[0091] Figure 4D is a schematic diagram of the fourth structure of the first extension part that is sealed and connected to the top wall of the box structure in Figure 4.

[0092] Figure 5 is a side view of the housing structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention (viewed along the vehicle width direction) from the side of the first partition structure away from the transformer coil structure, wherein the transformer coil structure obscured by the first partition structure is represented by a dashed line.

[0093] Figure 6 is a side view of the box structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, viewed from the side of the second partition structure away from the transformer coil structure, wherein the transformer coil structure blocked by the second partition structure is represented by dashed lines.

[0094] Figure 7 is a side view of the box structure after disassembling the second partition structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0095] Figure 8 is an enlarged schematic diagram of part M in Figure 7;

[0096] Figure 9 is a top view of the box structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention connected to the cooler via a pump;

[0097] Figure 10 is a top view of the box structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention, which is connected to two coolers via a pump;

[0098] In the above attached figures:

[0099] 100 vehicles;

[0100] Box structure 10; Transformer coil structure 1; Coil structure outer wall 1W; Coil structure inner wall 1N; First limiting member 21; Second limiting member 22; Limiting member connector 2A; First baffle 31; Second baffle 32; First clamping member 41; Second clamping member 42; Clamping member fastener 4A; Connecting rod 5; First annular sealing structure 61; First extension 61A; First section 61A1; Second section 61A2; Third section 61A3; Second annular sealing structure 62; Second extension 62A; Sheet-shaped sealing structure 63; Sealing structure fixing member 64; Heat sink 7; First through hole 81; Second through hole 82; Third through hole 83; Fourth through hole 84; Fifth through hole 85; Liquid inlet cavity 101; Coil cavity 102; Connecting cavity 103; Outer cavity 104; Outer cavity of coil structure 105; Coolant outlet 10A; Coolant inlet 10B; First partition structure PA1; Second partition structure PA2; Third partition structure PA3; Top wall of housing structure 10S1; Bottom wall of housing structure 10S2; First side wall of housing structure 10S3; Second bottom wall of housing structure 10S4;

[0101] Cooler 20; Cooler inlet 20B; Cooler outlet 20A.

[0102] Pump 30;

[0103] Discharge pipe 301; First discharge branch pipe 301A; Second discharge branch pipe 301B;

[0104] Inlet pipe 302; First inlet branch pipe 302A; Second inlet branch pipe 302B;

[0105] xx represents the length of the vehicle; yy represents the width of the vehicle; zz represents the height of the vehicle. Detailed Implementation

[0106] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. Example 1

[0107] As shown in Figures 2-8, the present invention provides a housing structure for a vehicle-mounted transformer. The housing structure 10 is used for installation on the outside of a vehicle 100, and a transformer coil structure 1 is provided in the housing structure 10.

[0108] As shown in Figure 3, at least one outer wall of the housing structure 10 is equipped with a heat dissipation structure, which is made of thermally conductive material. In this embodiment, the heat dissipation structure is a heat sink 7 (also referred to as a heat dissipation fin). The housing structure 10 has a coil cavity 102 and an outer cavity 104. The coil cavity 102 is formed in the space accommodating the transformer coil structure 1, and the coolant in the coil cavity 102 is used to contact the coil in the transformer coil structure 1. The coolant inlet 10B of the housing structure 10 is connected to the coolant outlet 10A of the housing structure 10 in sequence through the coil cavity 102 and the outer cavity 104. When the housing structure 10 is installed in the vehicle 100, the outer cavity 104 is located on the side of the coil cavity 102 away from the vehicle 100. The cavity wall of the outer cavity 104 away from the coil cavity 102 is a housing wall equipped with heat sink 7, and the material of the housing wall is a thermally conductive material.

[0109] In this embodiment 1, the enclosure walls of the enclosure structure 10 are the top wall 10S1, the bottom wall 10S2, the first side wall 10S3, and the second bottom wall 10S4. The vehicle-mounted transformer is installed at the bottom of the vehicle 100. Therefore, a heat sink 7 can be installed on the outside of the bottom wall 10S2 of the enclosure structure, as shown in Figure 4. If the vehicle-mounted transformer is installed on the top of the vehicle 100, a heat sink 7 can be installed on the outside of the top wall 10S1 of the enclosure structure.

[0110] The number of transformer coil structures 1 in the housing structure 10 is K, where K ≥ 1. The housing structure 10 contains K coil cavities 102. As shown in Figures 5-7, in this embodiment, K = 2. In this embodiment, the axis of the transformer coil structure 1 is parallel to the vehicle width direction yy.

[0111] The space between the outermost and innermost coils of the i-th transformer coil structure 1 forms the i-th coil cavity 102 corresponding to the i-th transformer coil structure 1. The i-th coil cavity 102 corresponding to the i-th transformer coil structure 1 may include various cavities formed in the i-th transformer coil structure 1, such as the cavity formed between the inner and outer coils, or the cavity formed between the inner multi-layer coils and the outer multi-layer coils. 1≤i≤K.

[0112] As shown in Figures 2-4, each coil cavity 102 is connected to the coolant inlet 10B of the housing structure 10 via a liquid inlet receiving cavity 101. Each coil cavity 102 is connected to the coolant outlet 10A of the housing structure 10 via a connecting cavity 103 and an outer cavity 104. The liquid inlet receiving cavity 101 can be formed by a first partition structure PA1 and the housing wall of the housing structure 10. The connecting cavity 103 can be formed by a second partition structure PA2 and the housing wall of the housing structure 10.

[0113] The box structure 10 is provided with a first partition structure PA1, a second partition structure PA2, and a third partition structure PA3.

[0114] The first partition structure PA1, the second partition structure PA2, the third partition structure PA3, and the enclosure wall of the box structure 10 form a first space, which accommodates each transformer coil structure 1.

[0115] The outermost and innermost coils of the i-th transformer coil structure 1, together with the first partition structure PA1 and the second partition structure PA2, form a coil cavity 102 corresponding to the i-th transformer coil structure 1.

[0116] The second space enclosed by the first partition structure PA1, the second partition structure PA2, the third partition structure PA3, and the box wall of the box structure 10 is the outer cavity 104.

[0117] The coil cavity 102 is connected to the liquid inlet cavity 101 through a through hole on the first partition structure PA1 corresponding to the coil cavity 102.

[0118] The coil cavity 102 is connected to the connecting cavity 103 through a through hole on the second partition structure PA2 corresponding to the coil cavity 102. The second partition structure PA2 is also provided with a through hole for connecting the connecting cavity 103 to the outer cavity 104.

[0119] The transformer coil structure 1 can be a multi-layered coil structure arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. That is, the transformer coil structure 1 forms a ring structure as a whole.

[0120] The first partition structure PA1 includes a first baffle 31 fixedly connected to the box structure 10, and there is a gap between the first baffle 31 and the box wall of the box structure 10.

[0121] The first partition structure PA1 also includes first extension portions 61A, which are the same number as and corresponding to the walls of the housing structure 10. Each first extension portion 61A is connected to a first baffle 31 and extends from the first baffle 31 to the corresponding housing wall. All first extension portions 61A are interconnected to form a first annular sealing structure 61. The first extension portions 61A can be further sealed using, for example, sealant, or they can be a single, integrated structure.

[0122] Preferably, the first extension portion 61A is a rigid, flexible first material, the first material having a hardness of at least 70HD and an elongation of at least 15%.

[0123] In the first form where the first annular sealing structure 61 is connected to the first baffle 31, the first annular sealing structure 61 extends into the first mounting groove opened in the first baffle 31, thereby connecting with the corresponding first baffle 31.

[0124] In the second form where the first annular sealing structure 61 is connected to the first baffle 31, the first extension portion 61A is hinged to the first baffle 31, and the first extension portion 61A is connected to the corresponding housing wall through a soft sealing material, which is installed on the housing wall or disposed at the end of the first extension portion 61A.

[0125] The second partition structure PA2 includes a second baffle 32 fixedly connected to the box structure 10, and there is a gap between the second baffle 32 and the box wall of the box structure 10.

[0126] The second partition structure PA2 also includes second extension portions 62A, which are the same number as and corresponding to the walls of the housing structure 10. The second extension portions 62A are connected to the second baffle 32 and extend from the second baffle 32 to the corresponding housing wall. Each second extension portion 62A is interconnected to form a second annular sealing structure 62. The second extension portions 62A can be further sealed using, for example, sealant, or they can be a single, integral structure.

[0127] Preferably, the second extension portion 62A is a rigid, flexible second material, the second material having a hardness of at least 70HD and an elongation of at least 15%. In this embodiment, the first and second materials are preferably paper materials that do not chemically react with the coolant. For example, in this embodiment, NOMEX cardboard is used.

[0128] In the first form where the second annular sealing structure 62 is connected to the second baffle 32, the second annular sealing structure 62 extends into the second mounting groove opened in the second baffle 32, thereby connecting with the corresponding second baffle 32.

[0129] In the second form where the second annular sealing structure 62 is connected to the second baffle 32, the second extension portion 62A is hinged to the second baffle 32, and the second extension portion 62A is connected to the corresponding housing wall through a soft sealing material, which is installed on the housing wall or disposed at the end of the second extension portion 62A.

[0130] The first partition structure PA1 includes a first limiting member 21 fixedly connected to the housing structure 10, a first baffle 31, and a first annular sealing structure 61 connected to the first baffle 31. There is a gap between the outer periphery of the first baffle 31 and the housing wall of the housing structure 10, and the first annular sealing structure 61 extends from the first baffle 31 to the housing wall of the housing structure 10.

[0131] The second partition structure PA2 includes a second limiting member 22 fixedly connected to the housing structure 10, a second baffle 32, and a second annular sealing structure 62 connected to the second baffle 32. A gap exists between the outer periphery of the second baffle 32 and the housing wall of the housing structure 10, and the second annular sealing structure 62 extends from the second baffle 32 to the housing wall of the housing structure 10.

[0132] The first limiting member 21 and the second limiting member 22 are correspondingly arranged and located on both sides of the first space. The first limiting member 21 and the corresponding second limiting member 22 are fixedly connected by a connecting rod 5. There is a gap between the outer periphery of the first limiting member 21 and the outer periphery of the second limiting member 22 and the wall of the box structure 10. That is, the outer periphery of the first limiting member 21 and the outer periphery of the second limiting member 22 do not directly contact the wall of the box structure 10. The first limiting member 21 can be fixedly connected to the box wall via a mounting base, which is located between the first limiting member 21 and the box wall. The mounting base is connected to the first limiting member 21 and the box wall by fasteners (e.g., bolts); or the mounting base is a wedge installed on the box wall, and the outer wall of the first limiting member 21 has a structure that cooperates with the wedge, with the box wall abutting against the first limiting member 21 via the mounting base. The material of the wedge can be, for example, fiberglass or laminated wood. The fixed connection between the second limiting member 22 and the housing wall can refer to the form in which the first limiting member 21 is fixedly connected to the housing wall as described above. Since the first limiting member 21 is connected to the housing wall through a mounting base, the installation accuracy requirements are reduced.

[0133] The connecting rod 5 is connected to the first baffle 31 and the second baffle 32.

[0134] The first baffle 31 is located between the first limiting member 21 and the transformer coil structure 1.

[0135] The second baffle 32 is located between the second limiting member 22 and the transformer coil structure 1.

[0136] The positions of the first baffle 31 and the second baffle 32 along the length of the connecting rod 5 (i.e., the width direction yy of the vehicle) are adjustable. The first limiting member 21 and the second limiting member 22 abut against the first baffle 31 and the second baffle 32 respectively, thereby clamping the transformer coil structure 1 between the first baffle 31 and the second baffle 32.

[0137] As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the first limiting member 21 and the corresponding second limiting member 22 are fixedly connected by at least two spaced connecting rods 5, preferably by three connecting rods 5. Each connecting rod 5 is connected to a first clamping member 41 and a second clamping member 42. The third partition structure PA3 includes a sheet-like sealing structure 63, which is installed on the connecting rod 5 by the first clamping member 41 and the second clamping member 42 corresponding to the connecting rod 5. The connecting rod 5 and the sheet-like sealing structure 63 are both clamped by the corresponding first clamping member 41 and the second clamping member 42. The first partition structure PA1, the second partition structure PA2, and the box wall of the box structure 10 are all sealed to the sheet-like sealing structure 63. The first clamping member 41 and the second clamping member 42 can be fixed to each other by clamping member fasteners 4A. In Figure 7, the sheet-like sealing structure 63 extends to the box wall. The sheet-like sealing structure 63 can be bent at the box wall (refer to the bending form in Figure 4B). Then, using a clamping structure or fasteners, the sheet-like sealing structure 63 is fixed to the box wall, thereby achieving a seal between the two.

[0138] In the preferred embodiment, there are at least two of each of the first limiting member 21 and the second limiting member 22. Each of the first limiting members 21 is fixed to the other. Each of the second limiting members 22 is fixed to the other.

[0139] The sheet-like sealing structure 63 is a rigid yet flexible third material with a hardness of at least 70HD and an elongation of at least 15%, preferably a paper material that does not chemically react with the coolant. For example, this embodiment uses NOMEX cardboard.

[0140] As shown in Figure 7, the distance between the axis of each connecting rod 5 and the axis of the transformer coil structure 1 in the height direction of the housing structure 10 is less than the maximum radius of the transformer coil structure 1 (i.e., the distance between the center of the transformer coil structure 1 and the outermost coil). This ensures that, in the height direction of the housing structure 10 (i.e., the vehicle height direction zz), the height difference between the height of at least a portion of the sheet-like sealing structure 63 held by the first clamping member 41 and the second clamping member 42 and the height of the axis of the transformer coil structure 1 is less than the outer diameter of the transformer coil structure 1. The connecting rod 5 can be a fastener, such as a screw. The connecting rod 5 is located on the outside of the transformer coil structure 1.

[0141] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the first annular sealing structure 61 is integrally formed as a concave structure facing the liquid inlet cavity 101, wherein the angle θ1 between the surface of each first extension portion 61A and the surface of the housing wall forming the liquid inlet cavity 101 is an obtuse angle. The second annular sealing structure 62 is integrally formed as a concave structure facing the connecting cavity 103, wherein the angle θ2 between the surface of each second extension portion 62A and the surface of the housing wall forming the connecting cavity 103 is an obtuse angle. The liquid inlet cavity 101 and the connecting cavity 103 are located on both sides of the coil cavity 102.

[0142] Figure 4A (viewed from the same direction as Figure 4) is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the first extension 61A connected to the top wall 10S1 of the housing structure in Figure 4. The first extension 61A includes a first segment 61A1 and a second segment 61A2 connected in sequence. The first segment 61A1 extends into a first mounting groove (not shown) in the first baffle 31, and the second segment 61A2 contacts the top wall 10S1 of the housing structure for a sealed connection. That is, the first extension 61A is bent at the connection between the first segment 61A1 and the second segment 61A2. In Figure 4A, the first mounting groove can be formed on the wall surface of the first baffle 31 facing the liquid inlet cavity 101; for example, the first extension 61A can extend into the first baffle 31 along the vehicle width direction yy.

[0143] Figure 4B (viewed from the same direction as Figure 4) is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the first extension portion 61A connected to the top wall 10S1 of the housing structure in Figure 4. The difference between the embodiment shown in Figure 4B and the embodiment shown in Figure 4A is that the first extension portion 61A includes a first segment 61A1, a second segment 61A2, and a third segment 61A3 connected sequentially. Specifically, the first extension portion 61A is bent at the connection between the first segment 61A1 and the second segment 61A2, and at the connection between the second segment 61A2 and the third segment 61A3. The third segment 61A3 can fit snugly against the top wall 10S1 of the housing structure. By bending at the connection between the second segment 61A2 and the third segment 61A3, the sealing effect between the first extension portion 61A and the top wall 10S1 of the housing structure is improved.

[0144] Figure 4C (viewed from the same direction as Figure 4) is a schematic diagram of the third structure of the first extension 61A connected to the top wall 10S1 of the box structure in Figure 4. The main difference between Figure 4C and Figure 4A is that the first mounting groove for inserting the first segment 61A1 (i.e., the first mounting groove opened on the first baffle 31 that cooperates with the first extension 61A) can be opened on the wall surface of the first baffle 31 facing the top wall 10S1 of the box structure. For example, the first extension 61A can extend into the first baffle 31 along the vehicle height direction.

[0145] Figure 4D (viewed from the same direction as Figure 4) is a schematic diagram of the fourth structure of the first extension 61A connected to the top wall 10S1 of the box structure in Figure 4. The main difference between Figure 4D and Figure 4B is that the first mounting groove for inserting the first segment 61A1 can be formed on the wall surface of the first baffle 31 facing the top wall 10S1 of the box structure. For example, the first extension 61A can extend into the first baffle 31 along the vehicle height direction.

[0146] Referring to the connection form between the first extension portion 61A and the first baffle 31, the connection between the second extension portion 62A and the second baffle 32 can adopt a similar form.

[0147] When the housing structure 10 is installed on the top / bottom of the vehicle 100, one of the housing walls used to install the heat sink 7 is the bottom / top wall of the housing structure 10.

[0148] Optionally, at least one of the other enclosure walls of the enclosure structure 10 may also be equipped with a heat sink 7 located on the outer side of the enclosure wall. For example, when the enclosure structure 10 is installed at the bottom of the vehicle 100, a heat sink 7 may also be installed on one of the side walls or the top wall of the enclosure structure 10.

[0149] When the housing structure 10 is installed on the vehicle 100, the extending direction of the heat sink 7 is parallel to the traveling direction of the vehicle 100. When the vehicle 100 travels in a straight line, the axial direction of the vehicle 100, the length direction of the vehicle, and the traveling direction are in the same direction.

[0150] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the outlet of the outer cavity 104 is located close to the first partition structure PA1.

[0151] The angle between the axis of the transformer coil structure 1 and the extension direction of the heat sink 7 (i.e., the vehicle width direction yy) is [0°, 90°].

[0152] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the present invention also provides an on-board transformer, including the aforementioned housing structure. The on-board transformer further includes a pump 30, the inlet and outlet of which are respectively connected to the coolant outlet 10A and coolant inlet 10B. Figure 3 shows the structure of the pump 30, the outlet pipe 301, and the inlet pipe 302 in dashed lines.

[0153] The present invention also provides a rail vehicle, characterized in that it includes the above-mentioned on-board transformer.

[0154] The projection of the first limiting member 21 on the first plane overlaps with the projection range of each transformer coil structure 1 on the first plane. The projection of the second limiting member 22 on the first plane overlaps with the projection range of each transformer coil structure 1 on the first plane.

[0155] The box structure 10 also has an outer cavity 105 for the coil structure, which is located on the side of the coil cavity 102 away from the outer cavity 104.

[0156] The outer cavity 105 of the coil structure is enclosed by the outer walls of each transformer coil structure 1, the box wall of the box structure 10, the first partition structure PA1, the second partition structure PA2, and the third partition structure PA3.

[0157] The following is a more detailed description of this embodiment 1.

[0158] The vehicle-mounted transformer includes a housing structure 10, a transformer body, heat sinks 7, an outlet pipe, a pump, and an inlet pipe. The transformer body includes a first limiting member 21, a first baffle 31, a first annular sealing structure 61 (e.g., a rigid paper sealing material), a coil, a screw (e.g., a pull screw), a second limiting member 22, a second baffle 32, a second annular sealing structure 62 (e.g., a rigid paper sealing material), a clamping structure, and a sheet-like sealing structure 63 (e.g., a rigid paper sealing material), as shown in Figures 2 and 3.

[0159] The first limiting member 21 and the second limiting member 22 fasten the first baffle 31, the coil and the second baffle 32 into a whole by three screws (i.e., connecting rods 5) on the top and bottom, respectively, to ensure the stability of the device body during vehicle operation.

[0160] The first baffle 31 and the second baffle 32 both have grooves around their perimeters. One end of the first annular sealing structure 61 and the second annular sealing structure 62 are respectively fixed in the grooves around the first baffle 31 and the second baffle 32, while the other end overlaps and contacts the box wall, achieving a soft connection and seal between the baffle and the box structure 10. This avoids the dimensional mismatch and poor sealing effect caused by a hard connection between the baffle and the box wall, and also avoids wear or damage caused by operational impacts.

[0161] The sheet-like sealing structure 63 is fixed to the three screws at the bottom of the body by multiple clamping structures. At the same time, both sides of the box structure 10 are provided with sealing structure fixing parts 64 (which can be clamping structures), thereby fixing the two ends of the sheet-like sealing structure 63 to the box walls on both sides, so as to achieve the sealing between the sheet-like sealing structure 63 and the box wall, as shown in Figure 7.

[0162] Each clamping structure consists of a first clamping member 41 located at the top and a second clamping member 42 located at the bottom. Both the first clamping member 41 and the second clamping member 42 have arc-shaped grooves at their top and bottom that fit the screw (i.e., connecting rod 5). The first clamping member 41 has threaded holes on both sides. The second clamping member 42 and the sheet-like sealing structure 63 (e.g., a rigid paper sealing material) have through holes at corresponding positions. The screw is screwed into the first clamping member 41 through the through holes and secured with a nut, thus fixing the sheet-like sealing structure 63 onto the screw. The first clamping member 41, which is closer to the coil, can be chamfered or otherwise treated according to the actual distance from the coil, as shown in Figure 8. In Figure 7, the connecting rod 5 between the two transformer coil structures 1 is located between the two transformer coil structures 1, causing at least a portion of the sheet-like sealing structure 63 to extend upwards to the position between the two transformer coil structures 1, i.e., above the bottom end of the transformer coil structure 1. This provides more space in the outer cavity 104, facilitating cooling of the coolant.

[0163] The first baffle 31 and the first annular sealing structure 61 (e.g., a rigid paper sealing material), the second baffle 32 and the second annular sealing structure 62 (e.g., a rigid paper sealing material), and the sheet-like sealing structure 63 divide the box structure 10 into a liquid inlet cavity 101, a coil cavity 102, a connecting cavity 103, and an outer cavity 104, as shown in Figures 2 and 3.

[0164] Two first limiting members 21 can be provided, located at the upper and lower parts respectively. The upper first limiting member 21 and the lower first limiting member 21 are connected at both ends by bolts. The upper first limiting member 21 and the lower first limiting member 21 are respectively provided with coil liquid inlet holes (i.e., first through hole 81 and second through hole 82) at positions corresponding to the arc of the transformer coil. The first through hole 81 is correspondingly set and connected to the coil cavity corresponding to the first transformer coil structure 1, and the second through hole 82 is correspondingly set and connected to the coil cavity corresponding to the second transformer coil structure 1.

[0165] The first baffle 31 is disposed between the coil and the first limiting member 21, and the shape of the first baffle 31 conforms to the shape of the inner cavity of the housing structure 10. The first baffle 31 has the same coil liquid inlet hole at the position corresponding to the coil liquid inlet hole of the first limiting member 21. At the same time, coil liquid inlet holes are also opened on both sides of the first baffle 31 at the non-contact parts with the first limiting member 21, increasing the liquid inlet area of ​​the coil on the baffle. The coolant in the liquid receiving cavity 101 enters the coil cavity 102 through the coil liquid inlet hole, as shown in Figure 3.

[0166] There are two second limiting members 22, located at the upper and lower parts respectively. The upper and lower second limiting members 22 are connected at both ends by bolts. Both the upper and lower second limiting members 22 have coil outlet holes (i.e., the third through hole 83 and the fourth through hole 84) at positions corresponding to the coil arc. The fourth through hole 84 corresponds to and is connected to the coil cavity of the first transformer coil structure 1, and the third through hole 83 corresponds to and is connected to the coil cavity of the second transformer coil structure 1. A second baffle 32 is disposed between the coil and the second limiting member 22, and the shape of the second baffle 32 is conformable to the shape of the inner cavity of the housing structure 10. The second baffle 32 has the same coil outlet hole at the position corresponding to the coil outlet hole of the second limiting member 22. At the same time, coil outlet holes are also opened on both sides of the second baffle 32 at the non-contact parts with the second limiting member 22, increasing the outlet area of ​​the coil on the baffle. The coolant in the coil cavity 102 enters the connecting cavity 103 through the coil outlet hole, as shown in Figure 4.

[0167] The projection of the first through hole 81 onto the first plane lies within the projection range of the corresponding transformer coil structure 1 onto the first plane; the projection of the second through hole 82 onto the first plane lies within the projection range of the corresponding transformer coil structure 1 onto the first plane; the projection of the third through hole 83 onto the first plane lies within the projection range of the corresponding transformer coil structure 1 onto the first plane; and the projection of the fourth through hole 84 onto the first plane lies within the projection range of the corresponding transformer coil structure 1 onto the first plane. The first plane is a plane perpendicular to the axis of the transformer coil structure 1.

[0168] A fifth through hole 85 can be opened at the lower part of the second baffle 32, and the position of the fifth through hole 85 is lower than the position of the sheet-like sealing structure 63. The coolant in the connecting cavity 103 enters the outer cavity 104 through the fifth through hole 85.

[0169] A radiator may be installed at the bottom of the outer cavity 104. The radiator consists of multiple heat dissipation fins 7 parallel to the driving direction, with appropriate gaps between the fins. The hot coolant in the outer cavity 104 is conducted to the heat dissipation fins through the bottom wall of the housing. During vehicle operation, the running air flows through the gaps between the heat dissipation fins, thereby cooling the heat dissipation fins and the coolant in the outer cavity 104.

[0170] The coolant inside the coil cavity 102 exchanges heat with the coil, becoming hot coolant. This hot coolant flows to the outer cavity 104, is cooled by the heat sink 7, and then returns to the coil cavity 102 under the action of the pump to cool the coil. In this embodiment, the coolant flow path is as follows: coil cavity 102 → connecting cavity 103 → outer cavity 104 → outlet pipe 301 → pump 30 → inlet pipe 302 → inlet receiving cavity 101 → coil cavity 102, and this cycle continues.

[0171] The outlet pipe 301 is preferably located on the lower side of the outer cavity 104, and as close as possible to the first baffle 31 to increase the path and area for convective heat transfer of the coolant in the outer cavity 104. The inlet pipe 302 can be located on the side wall of the box structure 10 in the inlet receiving cavity 101.

[0172] Preferably, the bending direction of the first annular sealing structure 61 is towards the liquid inlet cavity 101, and the bending direction of the second annular sealing structure 62 is towards the connecting cavity 103, which helps to maintain the structural stability of the annular sealing structure under the impact of coolant flow.

[0173] Preferably, the enclosure structure 10 is made of aluminum alloy, which can improve heat dissipation efficiency.

[0174] Sealing material can be added around the first annular sealing structure 61, the second annular sealing structure 62, and the sheet-like sealing structure 63 to increase the sealing performance with the housing structure 10.

[0175] The first annular sealing structure 61, the second annular sealing structure 62, and the sheet-like sealing structure 63 can also be made of other non-paper materials.

[0176] The cooling medium (i.e., coolant) can be oil, or other liquids such as easily evaporating liquids.

[0177] The sheet-like sealing structure 63 on the upper part of the outer cavity 104 at the bottom of the transformer can also be a structure in which a metal baffle is welded around the box structure 10, thereby forming the outer cavity 104.

[0178] When the transformer is located at the bottom of the vehicle, the heat sink 7 (i.e., fins) can also be installed on the side wall and top of the housing structure 10. Example 2

[0179] As shown in Figure 9, the difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 is that the on-board transformer further includes a cooler 20, which has a cooler inlet 20B and a cooler outlet 20A. The cooler outlet 20A is connected to the coolant inlet 10B of the housing structure 10, and the cooler inlet 20B is connected to the coolant outlet 10A of the housing structure 10 via a pump 30. Specifically, the coolant outlet 10A is connected to the pump inlet 30 via an outlet pipe 301, and the cooler outlet 20A is connected to the coolant inlet 10B via an inlet pipe 302. Other structures of Embodiment 2 can be referred to in Embodiment 1.

[0180] Regarding the cooling method of the cooler 20, for example, a cooling motor can be used to drive a cooling fan, so that the coolant is cooled by suction or blowing air in the cooler 20. Optionally, the cooler 20 may not have a cooling motor or cooling fan. In this case, the pipes in the cooler 20 are located outside the cooler housing, so that the coolant passing through the pipes in the cooler 20 is directly cooled by the outside air when the vehicle is moving. If the transformer capacity is large or the heat dissipation demand is high, one external cooling device (Example 2) or multiple external cooling devices (Example 3) can be installed according to the actual situation. Example 3

[0181] As shown in Figure 10, the difference between Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 2 is that: there are at least two coolers 20, and the cooler outlet 20A corresponding to each cooler 20 is connected to the coolant inlet 10B of the box structure 10, and the cooler inlet 20B corresponding to each cooler 20 is connected to the coolant outlet 10A of the box structure 10 through the pump 30. Specifically, the coolant outlet 10A of the housing structure 10 is connected to the inlet of the pump 30 via the outlet pipe 301. The inlets of the first outlet branch pipe 301A and the second outlet branch pipe 301B are both connected to the outlet of the pump 30. The outlets of the first outlet branch pipe 301A and the second outlet branch pipe 301B are respectively connected to the cooler inlet 20B of the corresponding cooler 20. The cooler outlets 20A of the two coolers 20 are respectively connected to the inlet of the inlet pipe 302 via the first inlet branch pipe 302A and the second inlet branch pipe 302B. The outlet of the inlet pipe 302 is connected to the coolant inlet of the housing structure 10. Other structures in this embodiment 3 can be referred to in embodiment 2.

[0182] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0183] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the content described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the present invention. After reading this invention, modifications of various equivalent forms of the present invention by those skilled in the art fall within the scope defined by the appended claims. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

Claims

1. A housing structure for a vehicle-mounted transformer, the housing structure (10) being installed on the outside of a vehicle (100), the housing structure (10) containing a transformer coil structure (1), characterized in that: The housing structure (10) has at least one heat dissipation structure installed on the outer side of the housing wall, and the heat dissipation structure is made of thermally conductive material; the housing structure (10) has a coil cavity (102) and an outer cavity (104); the coil cavity (102) is formed in the space that accommodates the transformer coil structure (1), and the coolant in the coil cavity (102) is used to contact the coil in the transformer coil structure (1); the coolant inlet (10B) of the housing structure (10) is connected to the coolant outlet (10A) of the housing structure (10) in sequence through the coil cavity (102) and the outer cavity (104); when the housing structure (10) is installed in a vehicle (100), the outer cavity (104) is located on the side of the coil cavity (102) away from the vehicle (100); the cavity wall of the outer cavity (104) away from the coil cavity (102) is the housing wall with the heat dissipation structure installed.

2. The box structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of transformer coil structures (1) in the box structure (10) is K, K≥1; the box structure (10) has K coil cavities (102); the space between the outermost coil and the innermost coil of the i-th transformer coil structure (1) forms the i-th coil cavity (102) corresponding to the i-th transformer coil structure (1); 1≤i≤K; each coil cavity (102) is connected to the coolant inlet (10B) of the box structure (10) through the liquid inlet cavity (101); each coil cavity (102) is connected to the coolant outlet (10A) of the box structure (10) through the connecting cavity (103) and the outer cavity (104).

3. The box structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The enclosure structure (10) is provided with a first partition structure (PA1), a second partition structure (PA2), and a third partition structure (PA3); the first partition structure (PA1), the second partition structure (PA2), the third partition structure (PA3), and the enclosure wall of the enclosure structure (10) form a first space, which accommodates each transformer coil structure (1); The outermost coil and innermost coil of the i-th transformer coil structure (1) are enclosed by the first partition structure (PA1) and the second partition structure (PA2) to form a coil cavity (102) corresponding to the i-th transformer coil structure (1); the second space enclosed by the first partition structure (PA1), the second partition structure (PA2), the third partition structure (PA3) and the box wall of the box structure (10) is the outer cavity (104); the coil cavity (102) is connected to the liquid inlet cavity (101) through the through hole opened on the first partition structure (PA1) corresponding to the coil cavity (102); the coil cavity (102) is connected to the connecting cavity (103) through the through hole opened on the second partition structure (PA2) corresponding to the coil cavity (102), and the second partition structure (PA2) is also provided with a through hole for connecting the connecting cavity (103) and the outer cavity (104); Preferably, the outlet of the outer cavity (104) is located close to the first partition structure (PA1).

4. The box structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first partition structure (PA1) includes a first baffle (31) fixedly connected to the box structure (10), and there is a gap between the first baffle (31) and the box structure (10); the first partition structure (PA1) also includes a first annular sealing structure (61) connected to the first baffle (31) and extending from the first baffle (31) to the box wall of the box structure (10). Preferably, the first annular sealing structure (61) is a rigid and flexible first material; Preferably, the first annular sealing structure (61) extends into the first mounting groove of the first baffle (31) to connect with the first baffle (31); Preferably, the first annular sealing structure (61) includes a first extension portion (61A) that is the same number as and corresponding to the box wall of the box structure (10), and each first extension portion (61A) is connected to each other to form the first annular sealing structure (61); each first extension portion (61A) is connected to the first baffle (31) and extends from the first baffle (31) to the corresponding box wall; more preferably, each first extension portion (61A) is hinged to the first baffle (31), and the first extension portion (61A) is connected to the corresponding box wall by a soft sealing material, which is installed on the box wall or disposed at the end of the first extension portion (61A).

5. The box structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second partition structure (PA2) includes a second baffle (32) fixedly connected to the box structure (10), and there is a gap between the second baffle (32) and the box wall of the box structure (10); the second partition structure (PA2) also includes a second annular sealing structure (62) connected to the second baffle (32) and extending from the second baffle (32) to the box wall of the box structure (10); Preferably, the second annular sealing structure (62) is a rigid and flexible second material; Preferably, the second annular sealing structure (62) extends into the second mounting groove of the second baffle (32) to connect with the second baffle (32); Preferably, the second annular sealing structure (62) includes second extension portions (62A) that are the same number as and corresponding to the box walls of the box structure (10), and each second extension portion (62A) is connected to each other to form the second annular sealing structure (62); each second extension portion (62A) is connected to the second baffle (32) and extends from the second baffle (32) to the corresponding box wall; more preferably, each second extension portion (62A) is hinged to the second baffle (32), and the second extension portion (62A) is connected to the corresponding box wall by a soft sealing material, which is installed on the box wall or disposed at the end of the second extension portion (62A).

6. The box structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first partition structure (PA1) includes a first limiting member (21) fixedly connected to the box structure (10), a first baffle (31), and a first annular sealing structure (61) connected to the first baffle (31); there is a gap between the first baffle (31) and the box wall of the box structure (10); the first annular sealing structure (61) extends from the first baffle (31) to the box wall of the box structure (10); the second partition structure (PA2) includes a second limiting member (22) fixedly connected to the box structure (10), a second baffle (32), and a second annular sealing structure (62) connected to the second baffle (32); there is a gap between the second baffle (32) and the box wall of the box structure (10); the second annular sealing structure (62) extends from the second baffle (32) to the box wall of the box structure (10); the first limiting member (21) and the second limiting member (22) are correspondingly arranged, The first limiting member (21) and the second limiting member (22) are located on both sides of the first space. The first limiting member (21) and the corresponding second limiting member (22) are fixedly connected by the connecting rod (5). There are gaps between the first limiting member (21) and the box wall of the box structure (10) and between the second limiting member (22) and the box wall of the box structure (10). The first baffle (31) and the second baffle (32) are connected to the connecting rod (5). The first baffle (31) is located between the first limiting member (21) and the transformer coil structure (1). The second baffle (32) is located between the second limiting member (22) and the transformer coil structure (1). The first limiting member (21) and the second limiting member (22) abut against the first baffle (31) and the second baffle (32) respectively, thereby clamping the transformer coil structure (1) between the first baffle (31) and the second baffle (32).

7. The box structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first limiting member (21) and the corresponding second limiting member (22) are fixedly connected by at least two spaced connecting rods (5). The third partition structure (PA3) includes a sheet-like sealing structure (63). The sheet-like sealing structure (63) is installed on the connecting rod (5) by a first clamping member (41) and a second clamping member (42) corresponding to the connecting rod (5). The connecting rod (5) and the sheet-like sealing structure (63) are both clamped by the corresponding first clamping member (41) and second clamping member (42). The first partition structure (PA1), the second partition structure (PA2), and the box wall of the box structure (10) are all sealed to the sheet-like sealing structure (63). Preferably, the sheet-like sealing structure (63) is a rigid, flexible third material; Preferably, the distance between the axis of each connecting rod (5) and the axis of the transformer coil structure (1) in the height direction of the housing structure (10) is less than the outer diameter of the transformer coil structure (1), so that in the height direction of the housing structure (10), the height difference between at least part of the plate-shaped sealing structure (63) and the height of the axis of the transformer coil structure (1) is less than the outer diameter of the transformer coil structure (1).

8. The box structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first annular sealing structure (61) is integrally formed into a concave structure facing the liquid inlet cavity (101).

9. The box structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second annular sealing structure (62) is integrally formed into a concave structure facing the connecting cavity (103).

10. The box structure according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: When the housing structure (10) is installed on the top / bottom of the vehicle (100), one of the housing walls used to install the heat dissipation structure is the bottom / top wall of the housing structure (10); Preferably, at least one of the other walls of the enclosure structure (10) is also equipped with a heat dissipation structure.

11. The box structure according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The heat dissipation structure is a heat sink (7); preferably, when the housing structure (10) is installed in the vehicle (100), the extension direction of the heat sink (7) is parallel to the travel direction of the vehicle (100); more preferably, the angle between the axial direction of the transformer coil structure (1) and the extension direction of the heat sink (7) is in the range of [0°, 90°].

12. The box structure according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The material of the enclosure wall is a thermally conductive material; and / or The heat dissipation structure extends into the outer cavity (104); and / or The heat dissipation structure forms a cavity that communicates with the inner cavity of the outer cavity (104).

13. A vehicle-mounted transformer, characterized in that, Includes the box structure as described in any one of claims 1-12; Preferably, the vehicle-mounted transformer further includes a pump (30), the inlet and outlet of which are respectively connected to the coolant outlet (10A) and coolant inlet (10B); Preferably, the vehicle-mounted transformer further includes a cooler (20), the cooler (20) having a cooler inlet (20B) and a cooler outlet (20A); the cooler outlet (20A) is connected to the coolant inlet (10B) of the housing structure (10), and the cooler inlet (20B) is connected to the coolant outlet (10A) of the housing structure (10); more preferably, there are at least two coolers (20), the cooler outlet (20A) of each cooler (20) is connected to the coolant inlet (10B) of the housing structure (10), and the cooler inlet (20B) of each cooler (20) is connected to the coolant outlet (10A) of the housing structure (10).

14. A rail vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the vehicle-mounted transformer as described in claim 13.

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