Dual-spindle machining center for large-scale workpiece

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of automatic machine tools, and particularly to a dual-spindle machining center for a large-scale workpiece. The central architecture of the present invention comprises two opposing bases, two pillars respectively being provided on each of the two bases; cross beams are mounted the pillars on the same sides of the two opposing bases to form two, i.e. a front and a rear gantry structure; a three-axis mechanism is provided on the central architecture, and is provided with a spindle head which can move in X, Y and Z axial directions; additional Y-axis mechanisms are each provided on the inner sides of the lower parts of the two pillars of the same base, and are provided with a fixture; two chain-type tool magazine and tool lifting device kits are symmetrically provided beside the pillars on the tops of the two bases; two ATC tool changing manipulators are symmetrically provided on tool magazine supports on the two bases. The technical solution of the present invention solves the problems in the prior art that using gantry apparatuses to machine large-scale workpieces has difficulty in machining multiple sides by means of positioning one time, requires a long time to change tools, and requires spindles to lead in tools.

Description

Large workpiece dual-spindle machining center Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a large workpiece dual-spindle machining center, and more particularly to a large workpiece dual-spindle machining center. Background Technology

[0002] As is well known, machining centers in the domestic machining industry are mainly suitable for processing small and medium-sized parts. Large workpieces, such as chassis, front and rear axles, and battery casings for new energy vehicles, cannot be processed due to their large size. Machining large workpieces often requires gantry cranes, but these are mostly single-spindle machines with relatively low processing efficiency. Furthermore, their large footprint makes them difficult to integrate into production lines with other machine tools. In addition, traditional gantry cranes cannot rotate, turn, or move the fixed workpiece, making it difficult to achieve multi-faceted machining with a single workpiece positioning.

[0003] In the existing technology, the machining models for large workpieces applied for by Weijieer Co., Ltd. (publication numbers CN115464443A, CN114248157A, CN114248113A) have problems such as the need for spindle tool guide during tool change, long tool change time, and structural limitations caused by the relatively fixed workpiece fixture (holding table) and base.

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned existing technologies, it is necessary to research and design a new type of large workpiece dual-spindle machining center to overcome the problems existing in the existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problems in existing technologies, such as the difficulty in achieving multi-faceted machining in a single positioning when using gantry milling machines for large workpieces, long tool change times, and the need for spindle tool entry, this invention provides a dual-spindle machining center for large workpieces. This invention offers a simple, compact, relatively low-cost, and reliable dual-spindle machining center, with each spindle equipped with a corresponding chain-type tool magazine and an ATC tool changer. The fixtures rest on A-axis rotary tables on both sides, which are located on the Y3 axis, enabling multi-process machining of large workpieces (similar to small and medium-sized parts).

[0006] The technical means employed in this invention are as follows:

[0007] A large workpiece dual-spindle machining center includes: a central frame, a three-axis mechanism, an additional Y-axis mechanism, a chain tool magazine, a fixture, a spindle head, a tool lifting device, and an ATC tool changer robot.

[0008] Furthermore, the central structure includes two oppositely arranged bases, each with two uprights, and two sets of portal structures formed by crossbeams are erected on the same side of the uprights of the two opposite bases.

[0009] Furthermore, the three-axis mechanism is set on the central frame, on which a spindle head is mounted, which can move along the X, Y, and Z axes.

[0010] Furthermore, an additional Y-axis mechanism is located on the lower inner side of the two columns of the same base, and a clamp is mounted on it.

[0011] Furthermore, two sets of chain-type tool magazines and tool lifting devices are symmetrically arranged next to the upper columns of the two bases.

[0012] Furthermore, two ATC tool changer arms are symmetrically mounted on the tool magazine supports on the two bases.

[0013] Furthermore, the three-axis mechanism includes: an X-axis slide, a Y-axis slide, a Z-axis slide, and an X-axis guide rail.

[0014] Furthermore, two X-axis guide rails are horizontally mounted on the inner sides of the two crossbeams.

[0015] Furthermore, the two X-axis slides are arranged opposite each other; the two X-axis slides are longitudinally straddled on the guide rails of the two X-axis guide rails; the two X-axis slides are driven by two servo motors and ball screws respectively, and can move horizontally along the X-axis direction respectively.

[0016] Furthermore, the two Y-axis slides are arranged opposite each other and are respectively mounted on the guide rails arranged longitudinally on the inner side of the two X-axis slides; the two Y-axis slides are each driven by a servo motor and a ball screw, and can move horizontally along the Y-axis direction respectively.

[0017] Furthermore, the two Z-axis slides are arranged opposite each other and are respectively mounted on guide rails that are vertically arranged on the inner side of the two Y-axis slides; the two Z-axis slides are driven by two servo motors and ball screws respectively, and can move up and down along the Z-axis respectively.

[0018] Furthermore, a spindle head is installed at the lower end of the Z-axis slide, and the spindle head can rotate along the B-axis and C-axis respectively.

[0019] Furthermore, the additional Y-axis mechanism includes: a Y3-axis slide and an A-axis rotary table.

[0020] Furthermore, two Y3-axis slides are symmetrically mounted longitudinally and horizontally on guide rails set on the inner side of the two base columns; each Y3-axis slide is driven by a servo motor and a ball screw, and can move horizontally along the Y-axis direction.

[0021] Furthermore, the two A-axis turntables are symmetrically mounted above the two Y3-axis slides.

[0022] Furthermore, a fixture is assembled between the two A-axis rotary tables, which allows the fixture to carry the workpiece in a horizontal rotation around the X-axis.

[0023] Furthermore, a gap is left between the beams and the columns.

[0024] Furthermore, the column is equipped with N upward-tightening top bolts; the bottom surface of the crossbeam is supported by N upward-tightening top bolts.

[0025] Furthermore, the crossbeam is equipped with N downward-pressing bolts to press the crossbeam firmly onto the supporting column.

[0026] Furthermore, the top bolt is assembled onto the support block.

[0027] Furthermore, the support block is set in a recess machined on the end face of the column, and can move back and forth and left and right in the recess to ensure that the top bolt is accurately abutted against the conical recess on the bottom surface of the crossbeam.

[0028] Furthermore, a central drainage protective cover is provided between the two bases.

[0029] Furthermore, the intermediate discharge protective cover is located at the lower part of the clamp.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0031] 1. The large workpiece dual-spindle machining center provided by the present invention adopts a split base with a chip removal protective cover connected in the middle, which facilitates the smooth discharge of chips to the lower water tank.

[0032] 2. The large workpiece dual-spindle machining center provided by the present invention has two separate columns on the upper part of the base on both sides to support the upper crossbeam. This design facilitates the disassembly and transportation of the machine tool.

[0033] 3. The large workpiece dual-spindle machining center provided by the present invention allows the spindle head to move along the X, Y, and Z axes respectively, and the cutting tool to rotate along the B and C axes, which can effectively expand the machining range of the workpiece.

[0034] 4. The large workpiece dual-spindle machining center provided by the present invention has a structure in which the fixture can move along the Y-axis. Compared with the structure in which the fixture is fixed relative to the base, the former can effectively reduce the machine tool's floor space, facilitate automatic loading and unloading by docking robots, and make it easier for maintenance personnel to maintain the fixture.

[0035] 5. The large-workpiece dual-spindle machining center provided by this invention uses a large-capacity chain-type tool magazine, equipped with a dedicated tool lifting device and an ATC tool changing robot. The large-capacity tool magazine ensures that the machine tool can adapt to multi-process machining of large workpieces, basically covering all machining content. If the height of the factory allows, the tool magazine can also be expanded. The use of ATC significantly reduces the tool changing time of the machine tool. A single rotation of the tool changing robot can complete the loading of the preceding tool and the installation of the following tool (to the spindle), thereby shortening the machining cycle of the workpiece. The more tools there are, the more time is saved; it avoids the time waste caused by the spindle tool guide structure, which requires first returning the tool on the spindle to the tool magazine, then rotating the chain in the tool magazine to retrieve the following tool, and then guiding the tool to the spindle. In order to monitor tool breakage, this invention also includes a servo tool breakage monitoring device. After the cutting tools are processed, they are put into storage for inspection. This allows for the timely detection of tool damage. If damage is found, an alarm is immediately triggered and the machine is stopped, awaiting manual handling. This prevents further damage to subsequent cutting tools and workpieces, minimizing losses.

[0036] 6. The large workpiece dual-spindle machining center provided by the present invention has two X-axis crossbeams resting on the columns at both ends. Instead of a face-to-face contact method, the crossbeams are supported by several points of pressure, which facilitates the adjustment of the crossbeam accuracy and allows for fine adjustment of the crossbeam level.

[0037] 7. The large workpiece dual-spindle machining center provided by this invention features three-axis drive: the X-axis adopts a dual-drive lead screw structure with rear bearing spring preload; the Y-axis adopts a single-drive lead screw structure; and the Z-axis adopts a dual-drive lead screw structure. Its main advantage is high feed rate, which effectively shortens the machining cycle time.

[0038] In summary, the technical solution of this invention solves the problems in the prior art of using gantry milling equipment to process large workpieces, such as difficulty in achieving multi-face processing in one positioning, long tool change time, and the need for spindle tool guide. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 is a top view of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 is a top sectional view of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the horizontal adjustment structure of the crossbeam of the present invention.

[0044] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Column; 3. Crossbeam; 4. Chain-type tool magazine; 5. Intermediate drain protective cover; 6. Fixture; 7. X-axis slide; 8. Y-axis slide; 9. Z-axis slide; 10. X-axis guide rail; 11. Y3-axis slide; 12. A-axis rotary table; 13. Spindle head; 14. Tool lifting device; 15. ATC tool changing robot; 16. Top bolt; 17. Bottom bolt; 18. Support block. Detailed Implementation

[0045] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0048] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0049] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0050] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "over," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation besides the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, a device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0051] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0052] As shown in the figure, this invention provides a large workpiece dual-spindle machining center comprising: a central frame, a three-axis mechanism, an additional Y-axis mechanism, a chain-type tool magazine 4, a fixture 6, a spindle head 13, a tool lifting device 14, and an ATC tool changer 15. The central frame includes two opposing bases 1, each with two columns 2. Two portal structures, formed by crossbeams 3, are erected on the same side of the columns 2 of the opposing bases 1. The three-axis mechanism is mounted on the central frame and has a spindle head 13 mounted on it, allowing movement along the X, Y, and Z axes. The additional Y-axis mechanism is located on the lower inner side of the two columns 2 on the same base 1, and has a fixture 6 mounted on it. Two sets of chain-type tool magazines 4 and tool lifting devices 14 are symmetrically arranged beside the upper columns 2 of the two bases 1. Two sets of ATC tool changers 15 are symmetrically arranged on the tool magazine 4 supports on the two bases 1.

[0053] The three-axis mechanism includes: an X-axis slide 7, a Y-axis slide 8, a Z-axis slide 9, and an X-axis guide rail 10. Two X-axis guide rails 10 are horizontally mounted on the inner sides of two crossbeams 3. Two X-axis slides 7 are positioned opposite each other, longitudinally straddling the guide rails of the two X-axis guide rails 10. Each X-axis slide 7 is driven by a servo motor and a ball screw, allowing horizontal movement along the X-axis. Two Y-axis slides 8 are positioned opposite each other, mounted on longitudinally arranged guide rails on the inner sides of the two X-axis slides 7. Each Y-axis slide 8 is driven by a servo motor and a ball screw, allowing horizontal movement along the Y-axis. Two Z-axis slides 9 are positioned opposite each other, mounted on vertically arranged guide rails on the inner sides of the two Y-axis slides 8. Each Z-axis slide 9 is driven by a servo motor and a ball screw, allowing vertical movement along the Z-axis. The spindle head 13 is mounted on the lower end of the Z-axis slide 9. The spindle head 13 can rotate along the B-axis and C-axis respectively.

[0054] The additional Y-axis mechanism includes a Y3-axis slide 11 and an A-axis rotary table 12. Two Y3-axis slides 11 are symmetrically and horizontally mounted longitudinally on guide rails located on the inner sides of the columns 2 on the two bases 1. Each Y3-axis slide 11 is driven by a servo motor and a ball screw, and can move horizontally along the Y-axis. Two A-axis rotary tables 12 are symmetrically mounted above the two Y3-axis slides 11. A fixture 6 is fitted between the two A-axis rotary tables 12, allowing the fixture 6 to rotate horizontally around the X-axis with the workpiece.

[0055] A gap is left between the crossbeam 3 and the column 2. N upward-tightening top bolts 16 are installed on the column 2. The bottom surface of the crossbeam 3 is supported by these N upward-tightening top bolts 16. N downward-pressing bolts 17 are installed on the crossbeam 3, pressing it firmly against the supporting column 2. The top bolts 16 are mounted on support blocks 18. The support blocks 18 are located in recesses machined on the end face of the column 2, allowing them to move back and forth and left and right within the recesses to ensure that the top bolts 16 are precisely pressed against the conical recesses on the bottom surface of the crossbeam 3.

[0056] After fine-tuning the horizontal accuracy of the crossbeam 3, the adjusted shims can be installed at the pressing bolt 17 to ensure the stability of the crossbeam.

[0057] An intermediate chip removal protective cover 5 is provided between the two bases 1. The intermediate chip removal protective cover 5 is located at the lower part of the clamp 6.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-spindle machining center for large workpieces, characterized in that: The large workpiece dual-spindle machining center includes: a central frame, a three-axis mechanism, an additional Y-axis mechanism, a chain tool magazine (4), a fixture (6), a spindle head (13), a tool lifting device (14), and an ATC tool changer (15); The central structure includes two oppositely arranged bases (1), and two columns (2) are respectively arranged on the two bases (1). On the same side of the two opposite bases (1), two sets of portal structures are formed by crossbeams (3). The three-axis mechanism is set on the central frame, on which a main spindle head (13) is mounted, which can move along the X, Y, and Z axes; The additional Y-axis mechanism is located on the lower inner side of the two columns (2) of the same base (1), and a clamp (6) is mounted on it; Two sets of chain-type tool magazines (4) and tool lifting devices (14) are symmetrically arranged next to the upper columns (2) of the two bases (1); Two ATC tool changer arms (15) are symmetrically arranged on the tool magazine (4) brackets on the two bases (1).

2. The large workpiece dual-spindle machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-axis mechanism includes: an X-axis slide (7), a Y-axis slide (8), a Z-axis slide (9), and an X-axis guide rail (10); The two X-axis guide rails (10) are respectively horizontally mounted on the inner side of the two crossbeams (3); The two X-axis slides (7) are arranged opposite each other; the two X-axis slides (7) are longitudinally straddled on the guide rails of the two X-axis guide rails (10); the two X-axis slides (7) are driven by two servo motors and ball screws respectively, and can move horizontally along the X-axis direction respectively; The two Y-axis slides (8) are arranged opposite to each other and are respectively mounted on the guide rails arranged longitudinally on the inner side of the two X-axis slides (7); the two Y-axis slides (8) are driven by a servo motor and a ball screw respectively, and can move horizontally along the Y-axis direction respectively; The two Z-axis slides (9) are arranged opposite to each other and are respectively mounted on guide rails that are vertically arranged on the inner side of the two Y-axis slides (8); the two Z-axis slides (9) are driven by two servo motors and ball screws respectively, and can move up and down along the Z-axis respectively; The lower end of the Z-axis slide (9) is equipped with a spindle head (13), which can rotate along the B-axis and C-axis respectively.

3. The large workpiece dual-spindle machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The additional Y-axis mechanism includes: a Y3-axis slide (11) and an A-axis turntable (12); The two Y3 axis slides (11) are symmetrically mounted longitudinally and horizontally on the guide rails provided on the inner side of the columns (2) on the two bases (1); each Y3 axis slide (11) is driven by a servo motor and a ball screw, and can move horizontally along the Y axis direction; The two A-axis turntables (12) are symmetrically mounted above the two Y3-axis slides (11); A fixture (6) is assembled between the two A-axis rotary tables (12). The A-axis rotary tables (12) can make the fixture (6) carry the workpiece to make horizontal rotation around the X-axis.

4. The large workpiece dual-spindle machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gap is left between the beam (3) and the column (2).

5. The large workpiece dual-spindle machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column (2) is provided with N upward-tightening top bolts (16); the bottom surface of the crossbeam (3) is supported by N upward-tightening top bolts (16); The crossbeam (3) is equipped with N downward pressing bolts (17) to press the crossbeam (3) onto the support column (2); The top bolt (16) is assembled on the support block (18); The support block (18) is set in a recess machined on the end face of the column (2), and can move back and forth and left and right in the recess to ensure that the top bolt (16) is accurately abutted against the conical hole recess on the bottom surface of the crossbeam (3).

6. The large workpiece dual-spindle machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: A middle chip removal protective cover (5) is provided between the two bases (1); The intermediate chip removal protective cover (5) is located at the lower part of the fixture (6).

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