Display panel, optical module, and display device

Abstract

A display panel, an optical module, and a display device. The display panel comprises a first substrate (111) and a second substrate (222) arranged opposite one another. The second substrate (222) is an array substrate. The first substrate (111) comprises a base substrate (1), and an anti-reflection layer (2) is arranged on the side of the base substrate (1) facing the second substrate (222). By arranging the anti-reflection layer (2) on the first substrate (111), the reflectance of the display panel can be reduced, thereby reducing reflected stray light and improving picture purity.

Description

Display panels, optical modules, and display devices

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411750870.0, filed in China on November 29, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to the field of display product manufacturing technology, and in particular to a display panel, optical module and display device. Background Technology

[0004] In optical systems, pancake optics (thin optics) equipped with Fast LCD displays has become the mainstream in the market. Taking an optical system with 2 / 4 reflective surfaces as an example, assuming the reflection process is an ideal model and the transmittance of the film material is 50%, due to manufacturing errors of the film material, some images with low brightness and not on the target focal plane appear in the system, other than the main image. These are called ghosting (imaging stray light). In addition, some stray light does not form ghosting, but it will reduce the purity of the image. The appearance of stray light greatly affects the user's viewing experience. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this disclosure provides a display panel, an optical module, and a display device to resolve the issue of stray light affecting the display due to reflections from the panel surface.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this disclosure embodiment is: a display panel, comprising a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, wherein the second substrate is an array substrate.

[0007] The first substrate includes a substrate, and an anti-reflection layer is disposed on the side of the substrate facing the second substrate;

[0008] The first substrate further includes a black matrix layer disposed on the substrate, the black matrix layer including a shielding area and an opening area;

[0009] The antireflection layer is located between the substrate and the shielding area; or

[0010] The orthogonal projection of the antireflection layer onto the black matrix layer completely covers the black matrix layer.

[0011] Optionally, the antireflective layer can be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure.

[0012] Optionally, the antireflection layer is a single-layer structure, and the refractive index n1 of the antireflection layer satisfies the following formula: Where n0 is the refractive index of the substrate, na is the refractive index of the black matrix layer.

[0013] Optionally, the antireflection layer is made of one of germanium oxide, magnesium oxide, silicon nitride, and molybdenum oxide.

[0014] Optionally, the thickness of the antireflective layer is 40-70 nm.

[0015] Optionally, the antireflection layer includes a first antireflection film layer and a second antireflection film layer stacked sequentially in a direction away from the substrate, wherein the refractive index n2 of the first antireflection film layer and the refractive index n3 of the second antireflection film layer satisfy the following formula: Where n0 is the refractive index of the substrate, n a n is the refractive index of the black matrix layer. a Greater than n0.

[0016] Optional,

[0017] The first antireflective coating layer is made of magnesium oxide, and the second antireflective coating layer is made of silicon nitride.

[0018] The thickness of the first antireflective coating is 5-10 nm, and the thickness of the second antireflective coating is 25-35 nm.

[0019] Optionally, the first antireflective coating layer is made of germanium oxide, and the second antireflective coating layer is made of magnesium oxide.

[0020] The thickness of the first antireflective coating is 5-10 nm. The thickness of the second antireflective coating is 35-45 nm.

[0021] Optionally, the first antireflective coating layer is made of magnesium oxide, and the second antireflective coating layer is made of molybdenum oxide.

[0022] The thickness of the first antireflective coating is 5-10 nm, and the thickness of the second antireflective coating is 20-30 nm.

[0023] Optionally, the first substrate is a color filter substrate, the second substrate is an array substrate, and the first substrate includes a color resist layer, the color resist layer including color resist units disposed in the opening region.

[0024] Optionally, the first substrate is a packaging substrate, the second substrate is an array substrate, and the array substrate includes a color resist layer, the color resist layer includes a plurality of color resist units, and the orthographic projection of the color resist unit on the display panel is located in the opening area on the black matrix layer.

[0025] Optionally, the reflectivity of the light-emitting surface of the display panel is 0.2%-0.9%.

[0026] This disclosure also provides an optical module, including the above-described display panel and optical devices located on the light-emitting side of the display panel.

[0027] This disclosure also provides a display device including the optical module described above.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this disclosure are: the display panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, the second substrate and an array substrate, and an anti-reflection layer is disposed on the first substrate to reduce the reflectivity of the display panel, thereby reducing reflected stray light and improving the purity of VR images. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram comparing the reflectance of the shading area and the reflectance of the opening area of ​​the black matrix layer;

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram comparing the reflectivity of a display panel without an anti-reflection layer and the reflectivity of a display panel with an anti-reflection layer;

[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram comparing the reflectivity of a display panel without an anti-reflection layer and the reflectivity of a display panel with an anti-reflection layer;

[0032] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram comparing the reflectivity of a display panel without an anti-reflection layer and the reflectivity of a display panel with an anti-reflection layer;

[0033] Figure 5 shows a comparison of the reflectivity of a display panel without an anti-reflection layer and a display panel with an anti-reflection layer;

[0034] Figure 6 shows a comparison of the reflectivity of a display panel without an anti-reflection layer and a display panel with an anti-reflection layer;

[0035] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram comparing the reflectivity of a display panel without an anti-reflection layer and the reflectivity of a display panel with an anti-reflection layer;

[0036] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram comparing the reflectivity of a display panel without an anti-reflection layer and the reflectivity of a display panel with an anti-reflection layer;

[0037] Figure 9 shows a comparison of the reflectivity of a display panel without an anti-reflection layer and the reflectivity of a display panel with an anti-reflection layer;

[0038] Figure 10 shows a comparison of the reflectivity of a display panel without an anti-reflection layer and a display panel with an anti-reflection layer;

[0039] Figure 11 shows a comparison of the reflectivity of a display panel without an anti-reflection layer and a display panel with an anti-reflection layer;

[0040] Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of the first substrate in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0041] Figure 13 shows a schematic diagram of the first substrate in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0042] Figure 14 shows a schematic diagram of the first substrate in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0043] Figure 15 shows a schematic diagram of the display panel in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0044] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the display panel in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0045] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the display panel in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0046] Figure 18 shows a schematic diagram of the optical path of the main image in the optical module;

[0047] Figure 19 shows a schematic diagram of the optical path for direct stray light in the optical module;

[0048] Figure 20 shows a schematic diagram of the optical path of reflected stray light 1 in the optical module;

[0049] Figure 21 shows a schematic diagram of the optical path of the reflected stray light 2 in the optical module. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0051] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an,” “a,” or “the,” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms “including,” “comprising,” or “containing,” and similar terms mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The terms “connected,” “linked,” or similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms “upper,” “lower,” “left,” and “right,” etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and these relative positional relationships may change accordingly when the absolute position of the described objects changes.

[0052] The features such as "parallel," "perpendicular," and "identical" used in the embodiments of this disclosure include features in the strict sense of "parallel," "perpendicular," and "identical," as well as cases where "approximately parallel," "approximately perpendicular," and "approximately identical" include certain tolerances. Taking into account the measurement and the tolerances associated with the measurement of a specific quantity (e.g., limitations of the measurement system), they represent the acceptable deviation range for a specific value as determined by a person skilled in the art. For example, "approximately" can mean within one or more standard deviations, or within 3% or 5% of said value.

[0053] A pancake optical system generally includes a display screen 100 and optical components located on the light-emitting side of the display screen 100. These optical components may include a first lens 200 and a second lens 300. Severe stray light can be broadly categorized into two types based on its formation path:

[0054] Category 1: Stray light that passes directly through the optical device and enters the human eye M without any reflection, i.e., direct stray light, see Figure 19;

[0055] The second type: stray light formed by reflection from the light-emitting surface of the display screen 100, i.e. reflected stray light, see Figures 20 and 21;

[0056] Referring to Figure 18, the brightness of the primary image is: Lprimary image = 50% * 50% = 25%, which is the light efficiency of the pancake optical system; the reflectivity of the first lens 200 is 50%, and the reflectivity of the second lens 300 is 50%.

[0057] The reflected stray light is divided into two categories, with the following intensities: Lstray light 1 = 50% * 50% * 50% * n (refer to Figure 20); Lstray light 2 = 50% * 50% * 50% * n (refer to Figure 21), that is, the total intensity of the reflected stray light = 25% * n, where the reflectivity of the first lens 200 is 50%, the reflectivity of the second lens 300 is 50%, and the reflectivity of the light-emitting surface of the display screen 100 is n;

[0058] As can be seen from the above, the proportion of reflected stray light to the main image energy is equal to the reflectivity n of the light-emitting surface of the display screen;

[0059] The reduction of direct stray light mainly relies on improving the purity of the polarization state of the light emitted from the display screen, as well as the manufacturing precision of films such as QWP (quarter-wave plate) on optical lenses.

[0060] Reducing reflected stray light relies solely on lowering the reflectivity of the display screen surface; this embodiment primarily focuses on reducing reflected stray light.

[0061] Reducing reflected stray light primarily relies on lowering the reflectivity of the display screen surface (i.e., the light-emitting surface of the display screen). This disclosure provides a display panel, an optical module, and a display device. By incorporating an anti-reflection layer within the display panel, the reflectivity of the display screen surface is reduced, thereby decreasing reflected stray light under the optical mechanism, improving image clarity, simplifying the design of the overall optical scheme, and enhancing the user experience.

[0062] Specifically, referring to Figures 12-17, this embodiment provides a display panel, which includes a first substrate 111 and a second substrate 222 disposed opposite to each other, wherein the second substrate 222 is an array substrate.

[0063] The first substrate 111 includes a substrate 1, and an anti-reflection layer 2 is disposed on the side of the substrate 1 facing the second substrate 222.

[0064] A black matrix layer 3 is disposed on the first substrate 111. The black matrix layer 3 is opaque. In order to reduce the reflectivity of the display panel, the anti-reflection layer 2 is disposed on the side of the black matrix layer 3 close to the substrate 1.

[0065] The first substrate 111 is a light-emitting side substrate, and the second substrate 222 is a light-receiving side substrate. The first substrate 111 can be a color filter substrate, in which case the second substrate 222 can be an array substrate, meaning the display panel has a non-COA structure. Alternatively, the first substrate 111 can be a packaging substrate, in which case the second substrate 222 can also be a COA (Color Filter on Array) substrate. A COA substrate refers to a substrate on which the color filter layer is fabricated on an array substrate, in which case the display panel has a COA structure.

[0066] The following sections will provide specific explanations of setting anti-reflection layer 2 for display panels with non-COA and COA structures, respectively.

[0067] Referring to Figures 12-14, the display panel has a non-COA structure. The first substrate 111 is a color filter substrate, and the second substrate 222 is a conventional array substrate. A black matrix layer 3 and a color resist layer are disposed on the first substrate 111. The black matrix layer 3 includes a blocking area 31 and an opening area 32. The first substrate 111 includes a color resist layer, which includes color resist units 41 disposed within the opening area 32.

[0068] In an exemplary embodiment, the first substrate 111 further includes a black matrix layer 3 disposed on the substrate 1. The black matrix layer 3 includes a shielding region 31 and an opening region 32. Simulation results show that the reflectivity per unit area of ​​the shielding region is higher (as shown in Figure 1, where simulation curve 10 represents the reflectivity of the shielding region and simulation curve 20 represents the reflectivity of the opening region 32). Therefore, in some embodiments, the antireflection layer 2 is located between the substrate 1 and the shielding region 31. Referring to Figure 12, the orthogonal projection of the antireflection layer 2 on the black matrix layer 3 is located within the shielding region.

[0069] In an exemplary embodiment, the antireflection layer 2 can be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure.

[0070] In an exemplary embodiment, the antireflection layer 2 is a single-layer structure. To achieve the antireflection effect, the refractive index n1 of the antireflection layer 2 satisfies the following formula: It utilizes the principle of destructive interference of light to achieve anti-reflection (in the direction of light propagation, the anti-reflection layer includes a first surface and a second surface; light is incident from a film layer adjacent to the anti-reflection layer onto the first surface, part of the light is transmitted to form first transmitted light, and part of the light is reflected to form first reflected light; the light entering the anti-reflection layer reaches the second surface, part of the light is transmitted to form second transmitted light, and part of the light is reflected to form second reflected light; when the peak of the first reflected light and the trough of the second reflected light coincide, or when the trough of the first reflected light and the peak of the second reflected light coincide, the first reflected light and the second reflected light can interfere destructively), where n0 is the refractive index of the substrate 1, n a is the refractive index of the black matrix layer 3.

[0071] In an exemplary embodiment, the antireflection layer 2 is made of one of germanium oxide, magnesium oxide, silicon nitride, and molybdenum oxide, but is not limited thereto.

[0072] In an exemplary embodiment, when the material of the antireflection layer 2 is germanium oxide, the thickness of the antireflection layer 2 is 40-70 nm.

[0073] Simulation results show that the reflectivity of the green light band contributes the most to stray light within the 380nm–780nm wavelength range. Therefore, in the anti-reflection design of the display panel, specifically reducing the reflectivity of the green light band helps to reduce the intensity of reflected stray light. Thus, to improve the anti-reflection effect, the thickness of the anti-reflection layer 2 is set to 50-60nm.

[0074] Simulation results show that after adding the antireflection layer 2 made of germanium oxide, the reflectivity of the light-emitting surface of the display panel decreased from 1.19% to 0.65%, a reduction of 45% (as shown in Figure 2, where simulation curve 30 represents the reflectivity of the display panel without the antireflection layer 2, and simulation curve 40 represents the reflectivity of the display panel with the antireflection layer 2).

[0075] Simulation results show that after setting the antireflection layer 2, the total amount of reflected stray light is reduced from 0.87% in the original scheme to 0.43%, a reduction of 52%, as shown in Table 1 below.

[0076] Referring to Table 1 above, total stray light includes imaging stray light and non-imaging stray light. The imaging stray light includes reflected stray light and direct-pass stray light. In this embodiment, by setting the anti-reflection layer 2, reflected stray light is reduced, thereby also reducing total stray light. Reflected stray light is reduced from 0.87% to 0.43%, and total stray light is reduced from 2.42% to 1.98%. Due to the presence of stray light, there are some images with low brightness that are not on the target focal plane in the displayed image, other than the main image. These are called ghosting (i.e., imaging stray light). By setting the anti-reflection layer 2, the imaging stray light is reduced from 1.11% to 0.67%, improving image clarity.

[0077] It should be noted that the data in Table 1 above were obtained based on the same signal light. The amount of signal light is 100%, and the percentages in Table 1 are the percentages in the signal light. For example, the percentage of total stray light is 2.42%, which is the percentage of total stray light in the signal light.

[0078] In an exemplary embodiment, to improve the antireflection effect, the antireflection layer 2 is configured as a multilayer structure. Referring to FIG13, in some embodiments, the antireflection layer 2 includes a first antireflection film layer 21 and a second antireflection film layer 22 sequentially stacked in a direction away from the substrate 1, wherein the refractive index n2 of the first antireflection film layer 21 and the refractive index n3 of the second antireflection film layer 22 satisfy the following formula: It utilizes the principle of destructive interference of light to achieve anti-reflection (the light source of the display device is incident on the display panel, forming a first reflected light at the light-incident surface of the first anti-reflection film layer 21, a second reflected light at the light-outceasing surface of the first anti-reflection film layer, and a third reflected light at the light-outceasing surface of the second anti-reflection film layer; the first, second, and third reflected lights interfere destructively), where n0 is the refractive index of the substrate 1, n a n is the refractive index of the black matrix layer 3. a Greater than n0.

[0079] In an exemplary embodiment, the material of the first antireflective coating layer 21 or the material of the second antireflective coating layer 22 is MgO (magnesium oxide), GeO (germanium oxide), or SiN. x One of silicon nitride and molybdenum oxide (MoO).

[0080] In an exemplary embodiment, the first antireflection film layer 21 is made of MgO material, and the second antireflection film layer 22 is made of SiNx material; according to simulation, the reflectivity of the display panel is reduced from 1.19% to 0.228%, a reduction of 80.8% (refer to Figure 3, where simulation curve 50 is the reflectivity of the display panel without antireflection layer 2, and simulation curve 60 is the reflectivity of the display panel with antireflection layer 2), and stray light is reduced by 89%;

[0081] The thickness of the first antireflective coating layer 21 is 5-10 nm. The thickness of the second antireflective coating layer 22 is 25-35 nm.

[0082] In an exemplary embodiment, the first antireflection film layer 21 is made of GeO (germanium oxide) material, and the second antireflection film layer 22 is made of MgO (magnesium oxide) material. According to simulation, the reflectivity of the display panel is reduced from 1.19% to 0.295%, a reduction of 75% (refer to Figure 4, where simulation curve 70 is the reflectivity of the display panel without antireflection layer 2 and simulation curve 80 is the reflectivity of the display panel with antireflection layer 2). Stray light is reduced by 84%.

[0083] The thickness of the first antireflective coating layer 21 is 5-10 nm. The thickness of the second antireflective coating layer 22 is 35-45 nm.

[0084] In an exemplary embodiment, the first antireflective coating layer 21 is made of MgO (magnesium oxide) material, and the second antireflective coating layer 22 is made of MoO (molybdenum oxide) material. Simulation results show that the reflectivity of the light-emitting surface of the display panel decreased from 1.19% to 0.238%, a reduction of 80%. (Refer to Figure 5, where simulation curve 90 represents the reflectivity of the display panel without the antireflective layer 2, and simulation curve 100 represents the reflectivity of the display panel with the antireflective layer 2). Stray light was reduced by 92%.

[0085] The thickness of the first antireflective coating 21 is 5-10 nm. The thickness of the second antireflective coating 22 is 20-30 nm.

[0086] Simulation results show that the total amount of reflected stray light varies when the first antireflection film 21 and the second antireflection film 22 are combined in different ways, as shown in Table 2 below.

[0087] Referring to Table 2 above, total stray light includes imaging stray light and non-imaging stray light. Imaging stray light includes reflected stray light and direct-pass stray light. In this embodiment, by setting the antireflection layer 2, reflected stray light is reduced, thereby also reducing total stray light. The first antireflection layer 21 and the second antireflection layer 22 use different combinations, resulting in different changes in reflected stray light and total stray light. When the first antireflection layer 21 uses MgO material and the second antireflection layer 22 uses SiNx material, reflected stray light is reduced from 0.87% to 0.09%, and total stray light is reduced from 2.42% to 1.66%. When the first antireflection layer 21 uses GeO (germanium oxide) material and the second antireflection layer 22 uses MgO (magnesium oxide) material, reflected stray light is reduced from 0.87% to 0.14%, and total stray light is reduced from 2.42% to 1.70%. The first antireflective coating 21 is made of MgO (magnesium oxide) material, and the second antireflective coating 22 is made of MoO (molybdenum oxide) material. The reflected stray light is reduced from 0.87% to 0.07%, and the total stray light is reduced from 2.42% to 1.63%.

[0088] Due to the presence of stray light, some low-brightness images that are not on the target focal plane appear in the displayed image besides the main image; these are called ghosting (i.e., imaging stray light). The anti-reflection layer 2 improves image clarity. The first anti-reflection layer 21 uses MgO material, and the second anti-reflection layer 22 uses SiNx material, reducing imaging stray light from 1.11% to 0.34%. Alternatively, the first anti-reflection layer 21 uses GeO (germanium oxide), and the second anti-reflection layer 22 uses MgO (magnesium oxide), reducing imaging stray light from 1.11% to 0.38%. Finally, the first anti-reflection layer 21 uses MgO (magnesium oxide), and the second anti-reflection layer 22 uses MoO (molybdenum oxide), reducing imaging stray light from 1.11% to 0.31%.

[0089] It should be noted that the data in Table 2 above were obtained based on the same signal light. The amount of signal light is 100%, and the percentages in Table 2 are the percentages in the signal light. For example, the percentage of total stray light is 2.42%, which is the percentage of total stray light in the signal light.

[0090] When the antireflection layer 2 is only disposed between the shielding area 31 of the black matrix layer 3 and the substrate 1, the antireflection layer 2 needs to be formed by a patterning process. In some embodiments, in order to reduce the cost of the mask and simplify the process, the first substrate 111 further includes a black matrix layer 3 disposed on the substrate 1, the black matrix layer 3 including a shielding area 31 and an opening area 32;

[0091] The antireflection layer 2, when projected onto the black matrix layer 3, completely covers the black matrix layer 3. That is, the antireflection layer 2 is laid across the entire surface of the substrate 1, covering both the obscuring area 31 and the opening area 32 of the black matrix layer 3, as shown in Figure 14. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the antireflection layer 2 is a transparent structure with a transparency greater than 90%, to avoid affecting the light emission efficiency of the display panel.

[0092] The simulation was conducted using a single-layer structure of the antireflection layer 2, made of germanium oxide (the thickness of the antireflection layer 2 is 50-60 nm). The simulation results show that the surface reflectivity of the display panel decreased from 1.19% to 0.69%, a reduction of 42% (as shown in Figure 6, where simulation curve 101 represents the reflectivity of the display panel without the antireflection layer 2, and simulation curve 102 represents the reflectivity of the display panel with the antireflection layer 2).

[0093] Simulation results show that after setting the antireflection layer 2, the total amount of reflected stray light of the display panel is reduced from 0.87% in the original scheme (i.e. without setting the antireflection layer 2) to 0.47%, a reduction of 46%, as shown in Table 3 below.

[0094] Referring to Table 3 above, total stray light includes imaging stray light and non-imaging stray light. The imaging stray light includes reflected stray light and direct-pass stray light. In this embodiment, by setting the anti-reflection layer 2, reflected stray light is reduced, thereby also reducing total stray light. Reflected stray light is reduced from 0.87% to 0.47%, and total stray light is reduced from 2.42% to 2.03%. Due to the presence of stray light, there are some images with low brightness that are not on the target focal plane in the displayed image, other than the main image. These are called ghosting (i.e., imaging stray light imaging). By setting the anti-reflection layer 2, imaging stray light is reduced from 1.11% to 0.71%, improving image purity.

[0095] It should be noted that the data in Table 3 above were obtained based on the same signal light. The amount of signal light is 100%, and the percentages in Table 3 are the percentages in the signal light. For example, the percentage of total stray light is 2.42%, which is the percentage of total stray light in the signal light.

[0096] It should be noted that for schemes where the antireflection layer 2 is only disposed between the shielding area 31 of the black matrix layer 3 and the substrate 1, and for schemes where the antireflection layer 2 is entirely disposed between the black matrix layer 3 and the substrate 1, the antireflection effect corresponding to the location of the opening area 32 is worse than that corresponding to the location of the shielding area 31 because the color resist unit 41 is disposed in the opening area 32. (The N-values ​​of the materials in the opening area 32 and the shielding area 31 are different, so to achieve a good antireflection effect, it is necessary to select two materials with different N-values ​​as the antireflection layer 2. In some embodiments, to simplify the process, only one material is used to fabricate the antireflection layer 2.) Layer 2, where the thickness of the antireflection layer 2 corresponding to the opening area 32 and the light-shielding area 31 is the same; during simulation, it was found that this setting increases the reflectivity of the opening area 32, but decreases the reflectivity of the light-shielding area 31. After the two areas are superimposed, the reflectivity of the entire antireflection layer is lower than that of the antireflection layer only set on the light-shielding area. Therefore, comparing Table 1 and Table 3, the reflectivity of the display panel is different in the scheme where the antireflection layer 2 is only set between the black matrix layer 3 and the substrate 1, and in the scheme where the antireflection layer 2 is laid entirely between the black matrix layer 3 and the substrate 1, and the amount of stray light reduced is also different.

[0097] Referring to Figures 15-17, the display panel has a COA structure, the first substrate 111 is a packaging substrate, the second substrate 222 is an array substrate, and the array substrate includes a color resist layer, the color resist layer includes a plurality of color resist units 41, and the orthographic projection of the color resist unit 41 on the display panel is located in the opening area 32 on the black matrix layer 3.

[0098] In an exemplary embodiment, the first substrate 111 further includes a black matrix layer 3 disposed on the substrate 1, the black matrix layer 3 including a shielding region 31 and an opening region 32; simulation results show that the reflectivity per unit area of ​​the shielding region is higher (as shown in Figure 1). Therefore, in some embodiments, the antireflection layer 2 is located between the substrate 1 and the shielding region 31, that is, the orthogonal projection of the antireflection layer 2 on the black matrix layer 3 is located within the shielding region, as shown in Figure 15.

[0099] In an exemplary embodiment, the antireflection layer 2 can be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure.

[0100] In an exemplary embodiment, the antireflection layer 2 is a single-layer structure. To achieve the antireflection effect, the refractive index n1 of the antireflection layer 2 satisfies the following formula: It utilizes the principle of destructive interference of light to achieve anti-reflection effect, where n0 is the refractive index of the substrate 1, and n a is the refractive index of the black matrix layer 3.

[0101] In an exemplary embodiment, the antireflection layer 2 is made of germanium oxide, but is not limited thereto.

[0102] In an exemplary embodiment, when the material of the antireflection layer 2 is germanium oxide, the thickness of the antireflection layer 2 is 40-70 nm.

[0103] Simulation results show that the reflectivity of the green light band contributes the most to stray light within the 380nm–780nm wavelength range. Therefore, in the anti-reflection design of the display panel, specifically reducing the reflectivity of the green light band helps to reduce the intensity of reflected stray light. Thus, to improve the anti-reflection effect, the thickness of the anti-reflection layer 2 is set to 50-60nm.

[0104] Simulation results show that after adding the antireflection layer 2 made of germanium oxide, the reflectivity of the display panel decreased by 31% from 1.16% to 0.80% (as shown in Figure 7, where simulation curve 201 represents the reflectivity of the display panel without the antireflection layer 2, and simulation curve 202 represents the reflectivity of the display panel with the antireflection layer 2).

[0105] It should be noted that in the non-COA structure, the reflectivity of the display panel is reduced by 45% when a single antireflection layer 2 is added, while in the COA structure, the reflectivity of the display panel is reduced by 31%. The improvement in reflectivity of the display panel is relatively small in the COA structure, mainly because the size of the blocking area 31 of the black matrix layer 3 of the display panel is smaller than that of the non-COA structure, which affects the overall improvement in reflectivity.

[0106] Simulation results show that after setting the antireflection layer 2, the total amount of reflected stray light is reduced from 0.7% in the original scheme to 0.4%, a reduction of 42%, as shown in Table 4 below.

[0107] Referring to Table 4 above, total stray light includes imaging stray light and non-imaging stray light. The imaging stray light includes reflected stray light and direct-pass stray light. In this embodiment, by setting the anti-reflection layer 2, reflected stray light is reduced, thereby also reducing total stray light. Reflected stray light is reduced from 0.70% to 0.40%, and total stray light is reduced from 2.26% to 1.96%. Due to the presence of stray light, there are some images with low brightness that are not on the target focal plane in the displayed image, other than the main image. These are called ghosting (i.e., imaging stray light imaging). By setting the anti-reflection layer 2, imaging stray light is reduced from 0.94% to 0.65%, improving image purity.

[0108] It should be noted that the data in Table 4 above were obtained based on the same signal light. The amount of signal light is 100%, and the percentages in Table 4 are the percentages in the signal light. For example, the percentage of total stray light is 2.26%, which is the percentage of total stray light in the signal light.

[0109] In an exemplary embodiment, to improve the antireflection effect, the antireflection layer 2 is configured as a multilayer structure. Referring to FIG16, in some embodiments, the antireflection layer 2 includes a first antireflection film layer 21 and a second antireflection film layer 22 sequentially stacked along a direction away from the substrate 1, wherein the refractive index n2 of the first antireflection film layer 21 and the refractive index n3 of the second antireflection film layer 22 satisfy the following formula: It utilizes the principle of destructive interference of light to achieve anti-reflection effect, where n0 is the refractive index of the substrate 1, and n a n is the refractive index of the black matrix layer 3. a Greater than n0.

[0110] In an exemplary embodiment, the material of the first antireflective coating layer 21 or the material of the second antireflective coating layer 22 is MgO, GeO, or SiN. x One of the MoO.

[0111] In an exemplary embodiment, the first antireflection film layer 21 is made of MgO material, and the second antireflection film layer 22 is made of SiNx (silicon nitride) material. According to simulation, the reflectivity of the display panel decreased from 1.16% to 0.52%, a reduction of 55% (as shown in Figure 8, where simulation curve 301 represents the reflectivity of the display panel without antireflection layer 2, and simulation curve 302 represents the reflectivity of the display panel with antireflection layer 2). Stray light was reduced by 70%.

[0112] The thickness of the first antireflective coating layer 21 is 5-10 nm. The thickness of the second antireflective coating layer 22 is 25-35 nm.

[0113] In an exemplary embodiment, the first antireflection film layer 21 is made of GeO material, and the second antireflection film layer 22 is made of MgO material. According to simulation, the reflectivity of the display panel decreased from 1.16% to 0.56%, a reduction of 52% (as shown in Figure 9, where simulation curve 401 represents the reflectivity of the display panel without antireflection layer 2, and simulation curve 402 represents the reflectivity of the display panel with antireflection layer 2). Stray light was reduced by 74%.

[0114] The thickness of the first antireflective coating layer 21 is 5-10 nm. The thickness of the second antireflective coating layer 22 is 35-45 nm.

[0115] In an exemplary embodiment, the first antireflection film layer 21 is made of MgO material, and the second antireflection film layer 22 is made of MoO material. According to simulation, the reflectivity of the light-emitting surface of the display panel decreased from 1.16% to 0.53%, a reduction of 77% (as shown in Figure 10, where simulation curve 501 represents the reflectivity of the display panel without antireflection layer 2, and simulation curve 502 represents the reflectivity of the display panel with antireflection layer 2). Stray light was reduced by 77%.

[0116] The thickness of the first antireflective coating 21 is 5-10 nm. The thickness of the second antireflective coating 22 is 20-30 nm.

[0117] Simulation results show that the total amount of reflected stray light varies when the first antireflection film 21 and the second antireflection film 22 are combined in different ways, as shown in Table 5 below.

[0118] Referring to Table 5, total stray light includes imaging stray light and non-imaging stray light. Imaging stray light includes reflected stray light and direct-pass stray light. In this embodiment, by setting the antireflection layer 2, reflected stray light is reduced, thereby also reducing total stray light. The first antireflection layer 21 and the second antireflection layer 22 use different combinations, resulting in different changes in reflected stray light and total stray light. When the first antireflection layer 21 uses MgO material and the second antireflection layer 22 uses SiNx material, reflected stray light is reduced from 0.70% to 0.18%, and total stray light is reduced from 2.26% to 1.74%. When the first antireflection layer 21 uses GeO (germanium oxide) material and the second antireflection layer 22 uses MgO (magnesium oxide) material, reflected stray light is reduced from 0.70% to 0.21%, and total stray light is reduced from 2.26% to 1.77%. The first antireflective coating 21 is made of MgO (magnesium oxide) material, and the second antireflective coating 22 is made of MoO (molybdenum oxide) material. The reflected stray light is reduced from 0.70% to 0.16%, and the total stray light is reduced from 2.26% to 1.73%.

[0119] Due to the presence of stray light, some low-brightness images that are not on the target focal plane appear in the displayed image besides the main image; these are called ghosting (i.e., imaging stray light). The anti-reflection layer 2 improves image clarity. The first anti-reflection layer 21 uses MgO material, and the second anti-reflection layer 22 uses SiNx material, reducing imaging stray light from 0.94% to 0.43%. Alternatively, the first anti-reflection layer 21 uses GeO (germanium oxide), and the second anti-reflection layer 22 uses MgO (magnesium oxide), reducing imaging stray light from 0.94% to 0.46%. Finally, the first anti-reflection layer 21 uses MgO (magnesium oxide), and the second anti-reflection layer 22 uses MoO (molybdenum oxide), reducing imaging stray light from 0.94% to 0.41%.

[0120] It should be noted that the data in Table 5 above were obtained based on the same signal light. The amount of signal light is 100%, and the percentages in Table 5 are the percentages in the signal light. For example, the percentage of total stray light is 2.26%, which is the percentage of total stray light in the signal light.

[0121] When the antireflection layer 2 is only disposed between the shielding area 31 of the black matrix layer 3 and the substrate 1, the antireflection layer 2 needs to be formed by a patterning process. In some embodiments, in order to reduce the cost of the mask and simplify the process, the first substrate 111 further includes a black matrix layer 3 disposed on the substrate 1, the black matrix layer 3 including a shielding area 31 and an opening area 32;

[0122] The antireflection layer 2, when projected onto the black matrix layer 3, completely covers the black matrix layer 3. That is, the antireflection layer 2 is laid across the entire surface of the substrate 1, covering both the obscuring area 31 and the opening area 32 of the black matrix layer 3, as shown in Figure 17. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the antireflection layer 2 is a transparent structure with a transparency greater than 90%, to avoid affecting the light emission efficiency of the display panel.

[0123] The simulation was conducted using a single-layer structure for the antireflection layer 2, which is made of germanium oxide (with a thickness of 50-60 nm). The simulation results show that the reflectivity of the light-emitting surface of the display panel decreased from 1.16% to 0.90%, a reduction of 22% (as shown in Figure 11, where simulation curve 601 represents the reflectivity of the display panel without the antireflection layer 2, and simulation curve 602 represents the reflectivity of the display panel with the antireflection layer 2).

[0124] Simulation results show that after setting the antireflection layer 2, the total amount of reflected stray light of the display panel is reduced from 0.7% in the original scheme (i.e. without setting the antireflection layer 2) to 0.43%, a reduction of 39%, as shown in Table 6 below.

[0125] Referring to Table 6 above, total stray light includes imaging stray light and non-imaging stray light. The imaging stray light includes reflected stray light and direct-pass stray light. In this embodiment, by setting the anti-reflection layer 2, reflected stray light is reduced, thereby also reducing total stray light. Reflected stray light is reduced from 0.70% to 0.43%, and total stray light is reduced from 2.26% to 1.99%. Due to the presence of stray light, there are some images with low brightness that are not on the target focal plane in the displayed image, other than the main image. These are called ghosts (i.e., imaging stray light). By setting the anti-reflection layer 2, the imaging stray light is reduced from 0.94% to 0.67%, improving the image purity.

[0126] It should be noted that the data in Table 6 above were obtained based on the same signal light. The amount of signal light is 100%, and the percentages in Table 6 are the percentages in the signal light. For example, the percentage of total stray light is 2.26%, which is the percentage of total stray light in the signal light.

[0127] It should be noted that for schemes where the antireflection layer 2 is only disposed in the shielding area 31 of the black matrix layer 3 and the substrate 1, and for schemes where the antireflection layer 2 is entirely disposed between the black matrix layer 3 and the substrate 1, the antireflection effect corresponding to the location of the opening area 32 is worse than that corresponding to the location of the shielding area 31 because the color resist unit 41 is disposed in the opening area 32. (The N-values ​​of the materials in the opening area 32 and the shielding area 31 are different, so to achieve a good antireflection effect, it is necessary to select two materials with different N-values ​​as the antireflection layer 2. In some embodiments, to simplify the process, only one material is used to fabricate the antireflection layer 2.) Layer 2, where the thickness of the antireflection layer 2 corresponding to the opening area 32 and the light-shielding area 31 is the same; during simulation, it was found that this setting increases the reflectivity of the opening area 32, but decreases the reflectivity of the light-shielding area 31. After the two areas are superimposed, the reflectivity of the entire antireflection layer is lower than that of the antireflection layer only set on the light-shielding area. Therefore, comparing Tables 4 and 6, the reflectivity of the display panel is different in the scheme where the antireflection layer 2 is only set in the shielding area 31 of the black matrix layer 3 and the substrate 1, and in the scheme where the antireflection layer 2 is laid in the entire layer between the black matrix layer 3 and the substrate 1, and the amount of stray light reduced is also different.

[0128] In an exemplary embodiment, after the antireflection layer 2 is applied, the reflectivity of the light-emitting surface of the display panel is 0.2%-0.9%.

[0129] It should be noted that the reflectivity of the light-emitting surface of the display panel is related to factors such as the refractive index of the antireflection layer 2 and the thickness of the antireflection layer 2, and is not limited to the above-mentioned numerical range.

[0130] This disclosure also provides an optical module, including the above-described display panel and optical devices located on the light-emitting side of the display panel.

[0131] For example, the optical device may include a first lens 200 and a second lens 300, referring to Figures 18-21, but is not limited thereto.

[0132] This disclosure also provides a display device including the optical module described above.

[0133] The display device provided in this embodiment can be a VR display device, such as VR glasses or VR helmets. The VR display device includes a housing and an optical module disposed within the housing. The optical module is disposed on the forehead, that is, when worn, the optical module is disposed in front of the eyes of the wearer, and the light emitted from the display panel enters the eyes of the wearer through the optical device.

[0134] It should be noted that the optical module includes the aforementioned display panel, and the optical device may include a first lens 200 and a second lens 300. The display panel may be a liquid crystal display panel or a self-emissive panel, such as an OLED display panel. When the display panel is a liquid crystal display panel, the optical film group also includes a backlight that provides a light source for the display panel.

[0135] In some embodiments, the display panel emits polarized light, and a polarizer that transmits the polarized light emitted from the display panel is also provided on the light-emitting side of the display panel.

[0136] The optical module includes a first lens 200 and a second lens 300, and may also include other lenses, reflectors, or other optical elements that direct light to the human eye.

[0137] The display device can also be any product or component with a display function, such as electronic paper, mobile phone, tablet computer, television, laptop computer, digital photo frame, or navigator. This implementation is not limited to this.

[0138] The following points need to be explained:

[0139] (1) The accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this disclosure only involve the structures involved in the embodiments of this disclosure. Other structures can be referred to the general design.

[0140] (2) For clarity, the thickness of layers or regions is enlarged or reduced in the drawings used to describe embodiments of the present disclosure, i.e., these drawings are not drawn to actual scale. It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region or substrate is referred to as being “above” or “below” another element, the element may be “directly” located “above” or “below” the other element or there may be intermediate elements.

[0141] (3) Where there is no conflict, the embodiments of this disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0142] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of this disclosure, and this disclosure is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of this disclosure, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A display panel, comprising a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, characterized in that, The first substrate includes a substrate, and an anti-reflection layer is disposed on the side of the substrate facing the second substrate; The first substrate further includes a black matrix layer disposed on the substrate, the black matrix layer including a shielding area and an opening area; The antireflection layer is located between the substrate and the shielding area; or The orthogonal projection of the antireflection layer onto the black matrix layer completely covers the black matrix layer.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-reflection layer can be a single-layer or multi-layer structure.

3. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antireflection layer is a single-layer structure, and the refractive index n1 of the antireflection layer satisfies the following formula: Where n0 is the refractive index of the substrate, n a is the refractive index of the black matrix layer.

4. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antireflection layer is made of one of germanium oxide, magnesium oxide, silicon nitride, or molybdenum oxide.

5. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the antireflective layer is 40-70 nm.

6. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antireflection layer comprises a first antireflection film layer and a second antireflection film layer stacked sequentially along a direction away from the substrate, wherein the refractive index n2 of the first antireflection film layer and the refractive index n3 of the second antireflection film layer satisfy the following formula: Where n0 is the refractive index of the substrate, n a n is the refractive index of the black matrix layer. a Greater than n0.

7. The display panel according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first antireflective coating layer is made of molybdenum oxide, and the second antireflective coating layer is made of silicon nitride. The thickness of the first antireflective coating is 5-10 nm, and the thickness of the second antireflective coating is 25-35 nm.

8. The display panel according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first antireflective coating layer is made of germanium oxide, and the second antireflective coating layer is made of magnesium oxide. The thickness of the first antireflective coating is 5-10 nm, and the thickness of the second antireflective coating is 35-45 nm.

9. The display panel according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first antireflective coating layer is made of magnesium oxide, and the second antireflective coating layer is made of molybdenum oxide. The thickness of the first antireflective coating is 5-10 nm, and the thickness of the second antireflective coating is 20-30 nm.

10. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first substrate is a color filter substrate, and the second substrate is an array substrate. The first substrate includes a color resist layer, and the color resist layer includes color resist units disposed in the opening area.

11. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first substrate is a packaging substrate, the second substrate is an array substrate, and the array substrate includes a color resist layer, the color resist layer includes a plurality of color resist units, and the orthographic projection of the color resist unit on the display panel is located in the opening area on the black matrix layer.

12. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reflectivity of the light-emitting surface of the display panel is 0.2%-0.9%.

13. An optical module, characterized in that, It includes the display panel as described in any one of claims 1-12 and the optical device located on the light-emitting side of the display panel.

14. A display device, characterized in that, Includes the optical module as described in claim 13.

Images