Post-combustion fumes treatment unit comprising a single stack

Abstract

The invention relates to a post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1), comprising a single stack (2), at least one post-combustion fumes inlet (3), at least one CO2-depleted fumes outlet (4), at least one CO2 capture system (5). The invention relates also to a use of a post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1) comprising a single stack (2), at least one post-combustion fumes inlet (3), at least one CO2 capture system (5), at least one CO2-depleted fumes outlet (4). The invention relates to a method (100) for treating post-combustion fumes by a unit (1) for treating post-combustion fumes comprising a single stack (2), at least one post-combustion fumes inlet (3), at least one system (5) for capturing CO2 at least one outlet (4) of fumes depleted in CO2.

Description

[0001] Post-combustion fumes treatment unit comprising a single stack.

[0002] Field of the invention

[0003] [1] The present invention relates to the field of carbon capture utilization and storage.

[0004] [2] In particular, the invention relates to a CO2 capture unit.

[0005] Description of Related Art

[0006] [3] Carbon dioxide (CO2) is considered to be responsible for 81% of greenhouse gas or “GHG” emissions in Europe according to the data published by the Commissariat General au Developpement Durable [General Commission for Sustainable Development] of the French government in “Chiffres des du climat France, Europe et Monde" [Key Climate Figures in France, Europe and the World], 2022 edition. The main greenhouse gas, and partly responsible for global warming, carbon dioxide is, for example, rejected through gaseous effluents such as industrial gaseous effluents, in particular when fossil fuels are burned in order to supply electricity and heat. These industrial processes include, for example, plants for producing energy from fossil fuel (e.g. coal, oil, natural gas). The increase in the atmospheric concentration of GHG through anthropogenic emissions increases the emission of energy towards the ground, leading to an imbalance in the energy balance of the Earth and causing the rise of its surface temperature. Hence, prevention of the emission of GHG such as CO2 is an essential issue for society and in particular in the generation of power.

[0007] [4] Several avenues have been explored to reduce CO2 emissions such as more efficient use of energy, favoring the use of alternative fuels and energy sources and carbon capture and sequestration (CCS). Thus, numerous processes and devices exist to capture CO2 in order to be able to store it, for example, in order to reduce emissions.

[0008] [5] Among the CO2 capture technologies developed, it is possible to cite postcombustion capture. Usually, CO2 is captured from fumes from the combustion of gas, oil and biomass. A first stack releases fumes rich in CO2, these fumes, called post-combustion fumes, are captured and undergo treatment in order to reduce their CO2 content. The fumes, once depleted in CO2, can be rejected to atmosphere through a second stack and the captured CO2 can then be used and / or stored. [6] These fumes / COg separation treatments can be diverse and varied, such as treatment by absorption, adsorption, membrane, cryogenic, involving chemical and / or physical principles. Various CO2 separation technologies can be used for each of these treatments. Among these, chemical absorption technology has been the subject of the greatest number of developments and implementations, making it a solution of choice for CO2 capture. Chemical absorption involves reaction of CO2 with a chemical solvent. Adsorption adsorbs CO2 on a solid such as zeolites or activated carbon, cryogenic separation uses particularly low temperatures and membrane separation uses selective membranes.

[0009] [7] However, whatever the treatment implemented, the installations for capturing CO2 from post-combustion fumes require a first stack for extracting the fumes and a second stack for discharging the fumes. This results in high energy consumption. CO2 capture processes can require a significant amount of energy to extract and separate CO2 from other compounds. This can increase operational costs and indirect CO2 emissions. Additionally, construction, installation and maintenance of capture equipment can be expensive, especially for large industrial facilities. CO2 capture can reduce the net overall energy efficiency of the installation because it requires additional steps in the combustion process. Once captured, CO2 must be stored and transported to geological sequestration sites. This can pose logistical and environmental challenges.

[0010] [8] Thus, the capture of CO2 from post-combustion fumes raises numerous challenges.

[0011] [9] Firstly, implementation and cost. Such as the installation and maintenance of capture equipment, especially for large industrial installations. In addition, the design and installation of two stacks is particularly complex, for new installations, as for existing installations, access to the stacks is just as tedious whether for maintenance or servicing.

[0012]

[0010] This results in a space requirement challenge: capture systems require additional space in existing installations and even more for the design of new installations both in height and length. There is of course the complexity of integrating CO2 capture and stacks into industrial processes and installations, which requires modifications. In addition, the structure of the stack must be sufficiently robust to support the capture equipment.

[0013]

[0011] In addition to the necessary space, there is the dimensioning of stacks and installations which must take into account flow variations. The choice of solvent or membrane must be carefully evaluated to optimize effectiveness.

[0012] These difficulties create an impact on efficiency where capture can reduce the overall efficiency of the installation.

[0014]

[0013] Thus, a challenge of energy integration and energy consumption must be taken up particularly with regard to the reduction of greenhouse gases and the energy transition since the capture processes require additional energy (which can in turn plus increase operational costs).

[0015]

[0014] Last but not least, the fumes discharge stack also raises technical difficulties such as the trajectory of the fumes and the treatment of other pollutants. In addition to CO2, fumes contain other pollutants (NOx, SOx). Concurrent processing can be complex. Finally, there is the risk of corrosion: The presence of CO2 in the fumes can lead to increased corrosion of equipment.

[0016]

[0015] Today, CO2 capture installations from post-combustion fumes are not designed to minimize construction and / or maintenance costs. Thus, there is a need for solutions that eliminate costly construction or large and expensive equipment. Likewise, it becomes important to benefit from new solutions that can be easily and quickly deployed. Furthermore, in the face of the climate emergency, it is essential to be able to reduce CO2 emissions without making energy integration more complex.

[0017]

[0016] The invention aims to remedy the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, the aim of the invention is to propose a post-combustion fumes treatment unit. The post-combustion fumes treatment unit according to the invention makes it possible to reduce CO2 emissions as well as costs, improve the smoke trajectory and facilitate energy integration.

[0018] Summary of the invention

[0019]

[0017] The following sets forth a simplified summary of selected aspects, embodiments and examples of the present invention for the purpose of providing a basic understanding of the invention. However, the summary does not constitute an extensive overview of all the aspects, embodiments and examples of the invention. The sole purpose of the summary is to present selected aspects, embodiments and examples of the invention in a concise form as an introduction to the more detailed description of the aspects, embodiments and examples of the invention that follow the summary.

[0020]

[0018] The invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, the invention proposes a post-combustion fumes treatment unit, comprising a single stack, at least one post-combustion fumes inlet, at least one COg-depleted fumes outlet, at least one CO2 capture system, said CO2 capture system being configured to capture all or part of the CO2 from the post-combustion fumes and intended to cooperate fluidly with the stack by means of the at least one post-combustion fumes inlet and the at least one CO2-depleted fumes outlet, said capture system of CO2 being further configured to generate fumes depleted in CO2, characterized in that the unit is configured to direct the fumes coming from the stack towards the at least one inlet then towards the at least one outlet through the CO2 capture system, and in that the at least one inlet and the at least one outlet are arranged so as to cooperate fluidly with said stack and the CO2 capture system.

[0021]

[0019] Such a unit makes it possible to reduce construction, installation and maintenance costs in the capture, use and storage of CO2. Such a unit makes it possible to improve energy integration. In addition, such a unit makes it possible to adapt to different types of capture and installation. Obviously, such a unit makes it possible to reduce CO2 emissions.

[0022]

[0020] In addition, this new unit facilitates possible future developments (e.g. addition of a capture or washing stage, etc.)

[0023]

[0021] According to other optional features of the unit, it can optionally include one or more of the following characteristics alone or in combination:

[0024]

[0022] post-combustion fumes come from thermal power generation and / or electrical power generation,

[0025]

[0023] the stack comprises a means of separating post-combustion fumes and CO2- depleted fumes,

[0026]

[0024] the unit is configured for post-combustion fumes and CO2-depleted fumes that describes a curvilinear trajectory,

[0027]

[0025] the CO2 capture system is selected from a capture system by absorption, by adsorption, by cryogenic and / or by membrane separation,

[0028]

[0026] the unit also comprises at least one washing module,

[0029]

[0027] the unit also comprises a cooling module,

[0030]

[0028] the unit comprises at least one fan,

[0029] the unit comprises at least one fumes recirculation line,

[0031]

[0030] the unit comprises at least one heat exchanger,

[0032]

[0031] the at least one inlet comprises at least one fan and / or a deflector and / or a by-pass and / or a diverter system such as but not limited to a diverter damper and / or a louver diverter and / or guillotine damper and / or stack damper,

[0033]

[0032] the at least one outlet comprises at least one fan and / or a deflector and / or a bypass and / or a diverter system,

[0034]

[0033] the at least one inlet is configured to direct post-combustion fumes from the stack towards the CO2 capture system,

[0035]

[0034] the at least one outlet is configured to direct the COg-depleted fumes from the CO2 capture system towards the stack,

[0036]

[0035] the at least one outlet is arranged on the same side of the unit as the at least one inlet,

[0037]

[0036] the at least one outlet and the at least one inlet are configured to communicate fluidly with the same stack,

[0038]

[0037] the unit comprises as many inlet(s) as outlet(s),

[0039]

[0038] the unit comprises more inlets than outlet(s),

[0040]

[0039] the unit comprises fewer inlet(s) than outlets,

[0041]

[0040] the CO2 capture system is arranged on at least two floors (stages),

[0042]

[0041] the CO2 capture system is arranged on at most than 6 stages,

[0043]

[0042] the unit is configured to be modular and / or scalable,

[0044]

[0043] the CO2 capture system is configured to be modular and / or scalable,

[0045]

[0044] the unit extends horizontally relative to the stack,

[0046]

[0045] the unit is a unit for an on-shore site,

[0047]

[0046] the unit is a unit for an off-shore platform.

[0047] According to another aspect of the present invention, the invention relates to the use of a post-combustion fumes treatment unit, preferably according to the invention, comprising a single stack, at least one post-combustion fumes inlet, at least one CO2 capture system, at least one COg-depleted fumes outlet in production of electricity, in the production of steam, in the treatment of CO2, in the conditioning of CO2, in the transport of CO2, in the storage of CO2, in the recovery of exhaust fumes, in the treatment of exhaust fumes , in gas production, in oil production and / or in shipping (maritime transport).

[0048]

[0048] According to another aspect of the present invention, the invention relates to a method of treating post-combustion fumes by a post-combustion fumes treatment unit, preferably according to the invention, comprising a single stack, at least one postcombustion fumes inlet, at least one CO2 capture system, at least one depleted fumes outlet in CO2, said method comprising a step of supplying post-combustion fumes to the at least one CO2 capture system by means of at least one post-combustion fumes inlet, said postcombustion fumes coming from the stack, a step of capturing CO2 from the post-combustion fumes by the at least one CO2 capture system, so as to generate fumes depleted in CO2, a step of evacuating the fumes depleted of CO2 through the stack by means of the at least one outlet communicating with the stack and the at least one CO2 capture system, said at least one outlet and the at least one inlet communicating with the same stack.

[0049]

[0049] According to other optional features of the method, it can optionally include one or more of the following characteristics alone or in combination:

[0050]

[0050] it comprises a step of cooling the post-combustion fumes by at least one cooling module so as to cool the post-combustion fumes,

[0051]

[0051] it comprises a step of pre-cooling post combustion fumes and warming-up the CO2 depleted fumes by at least one heat recovery heat exchanger so as to pre-cool post combustion fumes and to heat the CO2 depleted fumes.

[0052] Brief description of the drawings

[0053]

[0052] The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

[0054] FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a post-combustion fumes treatment unit according to one embodiment of the invention (elevation view) FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a post-combustion fumes treatment unit according to one embodiment of the invention, (elevation view)

[0055] FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a post-combustion fumes treatment unit according to one embodiment of the invention (plan view)

[0056] FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a post-combustion fumes treatment unit according to one embodiment of the invention (with a fumes recirculation line), (plan view)

[0057] FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a post-combustion fumes treatment unit according to one embodiment of the invention (arrangement of two units in parallel on the same plane and connected to the single stack.) (plan view)

[0058] FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a post-combustion fumes treatment unit according to one embodiment of the invention (arrangement of two units in parallel superimposed and connected to a single chimney), (elevation view)

[0059] FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a post-combustion fumes treatment unit according to one embodiment of the invention. Figure 7A according to a membrane capture mode, Figure 7B according to an RPB capture mode, (plan view)

[0060] FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a method of treating post-combustion fumes according to an embodiment of the invention .

[0061] Detailed description

[0062]

[0053] A description of example embodiments of the invention follows.

[0063]

[0054] In the following description, “unit” may mean an entity composed of one or more elements / modules / systems whose combination produces the function of that unit.

[0064]

[0055] In the following description, a “system” can be understood as composed of one or more elements whose combination produces the function of said system.

[0065]

[0056] The expression “direct” within the meaning of the invention may correspond to a contact without an intermediary between two elements.

[0066]

[0040] The expression “indirect” within the meaning of the invention may correspond to a contact between two elements via one or more intermediate elements.

[0067]

[0057] The terms or expressions “cooperate” may mean that two elements are connected directly or indirectly with one or more intermediate elements to participate, contribute to a flow. Two elements may cooperate mechanically, electrically, fluidically and / or by a communication channel. A fluidic cooperation can include a physical element of the pipe type for example to allow the fluidic cooperation, that is to say for example the displacement of a fluid from a point A to a point B (A and B being different)

[0068]

[0058] By “coupled” within the meaning of the invention may mean connected, directly or indirectly, with one or more intermediate elements. Two elements may be coupled mechanically, electrically, fluidically and / or linked by a communication channel.

[0069]

[0059] The expression “offshore facility” or “offshore installation” or “offshore platform” may correspond, within the meaning of the invention, to fixed or floating, platform, barge, ship or gravity structures. An installation can be a platform. In the rest of the description, the expression may correspond to a fixed or floating installation and also may or may not be mobile. An offshore installation can be at sea, close to the coast or even on a stretch of water such as a river or a lake.

[0070]

[0060] The expression “onshore facility” or “onshore installation” or on-shore site” may refer, within the meaning of the invention to facilities, areas or operations for land-based exploration or exploitation (as opposed to offshore).

[0071]

[0061] The expression “curvilinear trajectory” or “curved trajectory” may correspond, within the meaning of the invention, to have or take a turn, change, or deviation from a straight line or plane surface without sharp breaks or angularity.

[0072]

[0062] By a / an it is necessary to understand in the sense of the invention at least one unless it is specified otherwise, in particular for a stack.

[0073]

[0063] As mentioned, CO2 capture from post-combustion fumes requires combustion, an extraction stack, fumes treatment, CO2 capture and a CO2-depleted fumes discharge stack. The capture of CO2 from post-combustion fumes presents numerous challenges to be met such as sizing, energy integration, fumes trajectory, capture efficiency and manufacturing, installation and maintenance costs.

[0074]

[0064] The applicant has demonstrated a new post-combustion fumes treatment unit in order to respond to the problems of the prior art.

[0075]

[0065] According to a first aspect, the invention relates to a post-combustion fumes treatment unit. A post-combustion fumes treatment unit from post-combustion fumes can be illustrated in connection with Figures 1 to 7B according to different non-limiting and purely illustrative embodiments of the invention.

[0076]

[0066] UNIT

[0077]

[0067] A post-combustion fumes treatment unit 1 according to the invention may comprise a single stack 2, at least one post-combustion fumes inlet 3, at least one COg-depleted fumes outlet 4 and at least one CO2 capture system 5. The invention is not limited by the CO2 capture system, so different embodiments are illustrated in connection with Figures 1 to 7B and will be described below.

[0078]

[0068] Post-combustion fumes treatment unit 1 is intended to capture CO2 from postcombustion fumes. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit 1 is for capturing CO2 from postcombustion fumes. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit 1 makes it possible to capture CO2 and therefore reduce greenhouse gas emissions. A post-combustion fumes treatment unit can be a post-combustion fumes treatment unit for an on-shore site, and / or for an offshore platform.

[0079]

[0069] A post-combustion fumes treatment unit can be configured, preferably designed to be coupled, directly or indirectly, with a fumes generation unit (turbine and / or engine and / or boiler type or linked to the gas and / or oil production activity comprising catalytic cracking or even refining and chemistry), and / or a power generation unit (electrical, mechanical and / or thermal which may in particular include steam power)). This ensures that a unit within the meaning of the present invention is adaptable and suitable for different types of installations, both on-shore and off-shore. This is particularly advantageous for reducing costs and meeting installation requirements. The post-combustion fumes treatment unit within the meaning of the invention is a post-combustion fumes treatment unit from post-combustion fumes.

[0080]

[0070] Post-combustion fumes include CO2. Preferably the post-combustion fumes come from thermal power generation and / or electrical power generation. For example, postcombustion fumes are generated from natural gas turbines, biomass boiler, coal boiler and / or turbine and / or natural gas or liquid fuel engine.

[0081]

[0071] A post-combustion fumes treatment unit according to the invention may comprise one or more elements. An element can be understood as a subset of the unit, namely an inlet an outlet, a stack, a capture system. Preferably, a post-combustion fumes treatment unit may comprise one or more elements.

[0082]

[0072] Thus, a post-combustion fumes treatment unit may also comprise at least one fan 10. A fan 10 is configured preferably designed to generate a movement of a flow preferably to generate a movement of fluid. A fan 10 makes it possible to participate in the progression of the fumes (post-combustion and / or fumes depleted in CO2). A fan 10 makes it possible to direct the trajectory of the fumes within the unit. A fan 10 can be arranged (i.e. disposed) at an inlet 3 of post-combustion fumes, an outlet 4 of COg-depleted fumes, the internal volume of the unit, at the upstream level of the unit and / or at the downstream level of the postcombustion fumes treatment unit. The positioning and / or arrangement of the fan is not limiting, furthermore a fan may be optional in the sense that the invention may comprise a fan or not comprise a fan. The fan allows to facilitate fluidic movement.

[0083]

[0073] A post-combustion fumes treatment unit may include a fumes recirculation line 12. A fumes recirculation line can be arranged at a fumes generation unit, preferably from the internal volume of the post-combustion fumes treatment unit and more preferably from the at least one CO2 capture system and / or the power generation unit. A fumes recirculation line can be selected from an EGR type device for Exhaust Gas Recirculation in Anglo-Saxon terminology or even a selective recirculation of the SEGR type for Selective Exhaust Gas Recirculation in Anglo-Saxon terminology. This improves the CO2 capture by the unit. Indeed, the fumes are generally loaded with CO2, but also include other components such as nitrogen, oxygen, water, argon, sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide. Also, the CO2 is very diluted, for example on a volume of fumes, the CO2 can only represent 3% to 9% without fumes recirculation and up to 20% with fumes recirculation. The recovery of a significant volume of CO2 therefore requires the management and treatment of very large volumes of fumes. It is therefore difficult to recover this CO2.

[0084]

[0074] A post-combustion fumes treatment unit may include a heat exchanger, preferably of the ECO type for Heat exchanger economizer in English terminology. A heat exchanger can be arranged in the internal volume of the fumes treatment unit. Preferably, a heat exchanger can be arranged upstream of the at least one CO2 capture system. A heat exchanger can be arranged between the at least one post-combustion fumes inlet 3 and the at least one capture system and / or between the at least one CO2-depleted fumes outlet and the at least one CO2 capture system. Thus, a post-combustion fumes inlet 3 can be configured to be coupled with a heat exchanger. Likewise, a CO2-depleted fumes outlet 4 can be configured to be coupled with a heat exchanger. A heat exchanger allows the fumes to be pre-cooled.

[0085]

[0075] A post-combustion fumes treatment unit according to the invention can be configured to be compact. That is to say reduced in at least one dimension compared to a postcombustion fumes treatment unit cooperating with an extraction stack and a rejection stack. The post-combustion fumes treatment unit can be longer and / or wider than tall. This makes it possible to improve the difficulties linked to sizing, to reduce operation, maintenance costs as well as construction, installation and modification costs.

[0086]

[0076] A post-combustion fumes treatment unit according to the invention can be configured to be entirely or partially horizontal, preferably to be horizontal. That is to say that a postcombustion fumes treatment unit and preferably the at least one inlet, the at least one CO2 capture system and the at least one outlet can be configured to extend horizontally in relation to a stack 2 according to the invention, said stack extending vertically from the ground towards the sky.

[0087]

[0077] A post-combustion fumes treatment unit according to the invention can be configured, preferably designed so that the trajectory of the post-combustion fumes describes a curvilinear trajectory, that is to say preferably curved and more preferably in the CO2 capture system repository. The trajectory of post-combustion fumes can be illustrated in the figures by black arrows. This makes it possible to improve the difficulties linked to sizing, to reduce construction, operation and maintenance costs as well as installation costs.

[0088]

[0078] STACK

[0089]

[0079] A post-combustion fumes treatment unit 1 according to the invention comprises a single stack 2.

[0090]

[0080] A stack 2 within the meaning of the present invention allows both the extraction of post-combustion fumes comprising CO2 and the rejection of fumes depleted in CO2. Thus, for the purposes of the present invention, a stack 2 must be understood as a single stack. The post-combustion fumes treatment unit 1 is therefore configured to comprise a single stack 2 from which the fumes are both extracted and rejected (post-combustion and depleted in CO2). The single stack may be configured to be coupled with the fumes generation unit.

[0091]

[0081] The presence of a single stack facilitates energy integration, facilitate operation and maintenance and therefore reduces costs. In addition, the presence of a single stack facilitates integration of additional heat exchangers to reduce the energy consumption of the overall system compared to existing two-stack units. Indeed, a single stack allows to simplify design and installation reducing the overall complexity of the carbon capture system, as there is only one set of ducting, supports, and infrastructure required. A single stack allows to improved efficiency: With a single stack, the COg-depleted fumes can be routed directly back into the same stack, minimizing pressure drops and energy requirements compared to having two separate stacks. In addition, a single stack allows to reduce footprint and problem of sizing The physical space requirement is lower with a single stack compared to having two separate stacks.

[0092]

[0082] A stack according to the present invention may comprise a means of separating postcombustion fumes and COg-depleted fumes. Preferably, a separation means may correspond to a partition, a vent, a by-pass, diverter system and / or a deflector for example. This makes it possible to participate in energy integration, cost reduction and improvement of the fumes trajectory. Indeed, as explain the trajectory is preferably a curvilinear trajectory

[0093]

[0083] INLET

[0094]

[0084] As disclosed above, a post-combustion fumes treatment unit 1 according to the invention may comprise at least one post-combustion fumes inlet 3.

[0095]

[0085] A post-combustion fumes inlet 3 can be configured to cooperate directly or indirectly with the stack 2 and / or the at least one CO2 capture system. The unit may include several inlets cooperating with the same stack 2 and one or more CO2 capture systems.

[0096]

[0086] A post-combustion fumes inlet 3 according to the invention can be configured, preferably designed to direct the post-combustion fumes from the stack 2 towards the at least one CO2 capture system. By orient, in the sense of the invention can mean direct, guide, give direction. Preferably a post-combustion fumes treatment unit within the meaning of the invention is designed so that the post-combustion fumes progress from the stack 2 towards the at least one inlet 3, from the at least one inlet 3 towards at least one CO2 capture system 5, from the at least one capture system 5 to the at least one outlet 4, and from the at least one outlet 4 to the stack 2.

[0097]

[0087] At least one post-combustion fumes inlet 3 can be arranged for, preferably configured for and even more preferably designed to cooperate directly or indirectly and preferably fluidly with the stack 2. At least one post-combustion fumes inlet 3 can be arranged for, preferably configured for and even more preferably designed to cooperate directly or indirectly, preferably fluidly, with the at least one CO2 capture system 5. At least one postcombustion fumes inlet 3 can be arranged for, preferably configured for and even more preferably designed to cooperate directly or indirectly and preferably fluidly with the stack 2 and / or the at least one CO2 capture system.

[0098]

[0088] At least one post-combustion fumes inlet 3 may include a fan and / or a deflector and / or a by-pass and / or a diverter system. A diverter system may be selected form a diverter damper and / or a louver diverter and / or guillotine damper and / or stack damper. This makes it possible to participate in the trajectory of the fumes and the improvement of the trajectory of the fumes.

[0099]

[0089] At least one inlet 3 can be configured to fluidly cooperate with at least one cooling module. At least one inlet 3 can be configured to cooperate fluidly with at least one heat exchanger (ECO).

[0100]

[0090] CAPTURE SYSTEM

[0101]

[0091] As disclosed above, a post-combustion fumes treatment unit 1 according to the invention may comprise at least one CO2 capture system. A capture system makes it possible to participate in the treatment of post-combustion fumes. A capture system makes it possible to capture CO2 from post-combustion fumes. A CO2 capture system makes it possible to produce fumes depleted in CO2. A capture system helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and reduce CO2 emissions.

[0102]

[0092] A CO2 capture system according to the invention may comprise exterior walls 13 defining an internal volume. Thus, a CO2 capture system according to the invention may comprise an internal volume. Advantageously, an internal volume can be scalable. Indeed, at least one exterior wall of a capture system according to the invention can be removable. This makes it possible to adapt the CO2 capture system to the post-combustion fumes treatment unit and the installation as well as to the activity of the installation, the location and the needs of the CO2 capture system. Thus, a CO2 capture system is configured to be scalable and / or modular. Indeed, the internal volume of the CO2 capture system can be increased or reduced. Advantageously, a CO2 capture system and preferably its internal volume can be configured, preferably designed to be modular. This also makes it possible to facilitate energy integration and cost reduction.

[0093] A CO2 capture system according to the invention may comprise at least one internal wall 14, or no internal wall. The at least one internal wall is preferably a partial wall, that is to say comprising at least one opening. An internal wall can be a partial partition, a deflector, a mesh. This makes it possible to improve and facilitate the progression of fumes within the unit while reducing costs and improving CO2 capture. In addition, an internal wall can separate the liquids present from the gases. An internal wall can be configured to compartmentalize or divide the internal volume of the CO2 capture system. An internal wall may be configured to be removable. This makes it possible to adapt the internal volume of the CO2 capture system to the post-combustion fumes treatment unit and the installation as well as to the activity of the installation, the location and the needs of the CO2 capture system, the volume of fumes to be treated and the capture technology implemented (for example membrane contactors and / or rotating packed beds). Thus, a CO2 capture system can be configured so that its internal volume is scalable and / or modular by means of at least one internal wall. Indeed, the internal volume of the CO2 capture system and more precisely the volume of each compartment of the internal volume of the CO2 capture system can be increased or reduced. Advantageously, a CO2 capture system and preferably its internal volume can be configured, preferably designed to be modular.

[0103]

[0094] The unit according to the invention may comprise several capture systems. In these embodiments, the unit may comprise one or more inlets and one or more outlets. Furthermore, the capture systems can be configured to be arranged in a stepped manner (F1 , F2) that is to say in a horizontal and parallel configuration (as illustrated in connection for example with Figure 5 according to a view in plan) and / or vertical and parallel (as illustrated in an example in Figure 6 according to an elevation view) and / or vertical and in series (as illustrated in connection with Figure 2 for example according to a view in elevation). The processing unit can include one to six capture systems. The processing unit can include from one stage to four stages (the first stage corresponding to the first capture system).

[0104]

[0095] A CO2 capture system may include one or more elements for capturing CO2. An element may be defined as disclosed above. Preferably, an element can correspond to a compartment defined in the internal volume of the CO2 capture system.

[0105]

[0096] A capture system may include a heat exchanger module (module which may be understood as an element of said capture system). A heat exchanger module can be configured to direct the post-combustion fumes, to cool the fumes. A heat exchanger module makes it possible to participate in improving the fumes trajectory, optimizing the energy efficiency of the capture system (in particular by absorption) as well as improving energy by reducing, for example, the energy required for the capture system to operate. A heat exchanger module can for example correspond to an ECO type module.

[0106]

[0097] A capture system may include a cooling module. A cooling module can be configured to cool the post-combustion fumes preferably by contact with a fluid. Cooling can for example correspond to contact between the fumes and a fluid, preferably a liquid. Contact can be made by direct contact or by indirect contact. Furthermore, such a fluid can for example correspond to water. It can for example be sea water or alternatively demineralized water. For example, in a non-limiting embodiment of the invention, the cooling module can be in contact with an indirect cooling loop. The fumes are then brought into contact with the fluid which is cooled using a cooling loop charged with another fluid or cooling medium coupled to at least one heat recovery heat exchanger. Alternatively, a cooling module can be coupled to a direct cooling loop. Alternatively, the fumes may be in direct contact with water. This helps cool the fumes. Advantageously, the cooling module can also allow at least partial reduction in the concentration of other compounds present in the fumes, in particular sulfur and nitrogen oxides. A cooling module makes it possible to lower the temperature of the post-combustion fumes, which facilitates the separation of CO2. A cooling module facilitates the transfer of CO2 from post-combustion fumes to the CO2 separation technology (for example to the solvent in a chemical or physical absorption technology). Thus, a cooling module helps to capture CO2. A cooling module can for example correspond to a Direct Contact Cooler (DCC).

[0107]

[0098] As specified, the invention is not limited to the type of processing or capture technologies. This ensures that the unit is better adaptable. Thus, a capture system can include at least one capture (or processing) module. A capture or treatment module can deselected from an absorption module, an adsoprtion module, a cryogenic separation module (distillation and / or antisublimation) and / or a membrane separation module. For example, a capture or treatment module may include a membrane contactor, a packing, a column, an RPB (for rotating packed bed in English terminology), a cryogenic separator, a distiller, a porous solid and / or a membrane (polymeric, inorganic, hybrid, mix, liquid).

[0108]

[0099] A capture system may include a washing module. A washing module 16 can be configured to allow CO2-depleted fumes to be brought into contact with a fluid, preferably demineralized water, for example in order to prevent carryover of solvent present in the fumes.

[0109]

[0100] In embodiments that can be illustrated in connection with Figure 2 for example, a capture system can comprise at least one heat exchanger 20 (for example of the ECO type), at least one cooling module 21 (for example example of the DCC type), at least one absorbent module 22 (of the absorption column type for example), at least one washing module (of the water wash type for example not illustrated).

[0110]

[0101] In embodiments that can be illustrated in connection with Figure 7A for example, a capture system can comprise at least one heat exchanger 20 (for example of the ECO type), optionally at least one cooling module 21 (for example example of the DCC type), at least one separator 25 (of the membrane separation or membrane contactor type for example), at least one washing module 23 (of the water wash type for example).

[0111]

[0102] In embodiments that can be illustrated in connection with Figure 7B for example, a capture system can comprise at least one heat exchanger 20 (for example of the ECO type), at least one cooling module 21 (for example example of DCC type), at least one contactor 26 (of RPB type for example)..

[0112]

[0103] The capture system is configured to force the post-combustion fumes and the CO2- depleted fumes to describe a curvilinear trajectory, preferably through the elements of the capture system. This is for example illustrated by the arrows in the figures.

[0113]

[0104] A curvilinear trajectory from the single stack to the single stack through the capture system allows for improved mixing and dispersion. In fact, the curvilinear trajectory promotes better mixing of the COg-depleted fumes with the surrounding air, which improves the overall dispersion and dilution of the exhaust plume. In addition, downward deflection effects are reduced: curvilinear trajectory helps minimize downward deflection effects, where the exhaust plume is blown back to the ground due to wind and turbulence around the stack. The curved design helps the plume rise more efficiently to the atmosphere. Such a trajectory also allows for improved mixing and dispersion of the flue gas for better dilution and reduced environmental impact. Similarly, the curvilinear trajectory allows for reduced pressure drops, improving overall energy efficiency. In addition, the residence time of the flue gases in the CO2 capture equipment is improved, which helps increase the efficiency of the CO2 capture process. Finally, the more compact and space-saving design thanks to the integration of the capture equipment with the stack structure helps to resolve sizing and space problems.

[0105] OUTLET

[0114]

[0106] The CO2 capture unit 1 according to the invention comprises at least one CO2- depleted fumes outlet 4.

[0115]

[0107] An outlet is configured for preferably designed to cooperate directly or indirectly and preferably fluidly with a stack 2. The at least one outlet can be configured to cooperate directly or indirectly and preferably fluidly with the at least one system capture.

[0116]

[0108] The at least one outlet 4 can be configured to direct the CO2-depleted fumes from the CO2 capture system 5 towards the stack 2.

[0117]

[0109] The at least one outlet 4 can be configured (i.e. designed) to be arranged on the same side of the capture system as the at least one inlet 3. The same side must be understood as being arranged on the same plane, the same exterior wall of the capture system, preferably the same exterior face of the capture system, more preferably the inlet and the outlet are arranged on the same surface of the capture system. The at least one outlet 4 is preferably arranged above the at least one inlet 3. From above, it must be understood in normal operation of the processing unit that the distance between the ground and the outlet and greater than or equal to preferably greater than the distance between the ground and the inlet.

[0118]

[0110] In a particular but non-limiting embodiment of the invention, the at least one outlet 4 is arranged below the at least one inlet 3.

[0119]

[0111] The invention is not limited by the arrangement of the at least one outlet 4 to the left and / or to the right of the at least one inlet 3.

[0120]

[0112] Capture unit 1 can include as many inlets 3 as outlets 4, more inlets than outlet(s) or fewer inlet(s) than outlets.

[0121]

[0113] The unit may include as many inlets and outlets as capture system, more inlet than capture system, less inlet than capture system, more outlet than capture system, less outlet than capture system. It should be noted that the unit can include at least two inlets configured to merge with each other. Likewise, the unit may include at least two outlets configured to merge with each other.

[0122]

[0114] The at least one outlet 4 can be configured to communicate directly or indirectly and preferably fluidly with at least one washing module.

[0115] The at least one outlet 4 can be configured to communicate directly or indirectly and preferably fluidly with at least one heat exchanger.

[0123]

[0116] The at least one outlet 4 may include at least one fan 10, a deflector, a by-pass and / or a diverter system.

[0124]

[0117] The unit according to the invention makes it possible to improve production and construction times and to facilitate the deployment of such a unit on installations whether on shore or off shore. Indeed, thanks to the particular arrangement of the invention and the presence of a single stack coupled to a capture system by means of at least one inlet and at least one outlet makes it possible to reduce the use of numerous materials, to avoid the construction of additional structures comprising a multitude of expensive materials, to reduce the lengths of connections via pipes between, for example, turbines and modules, or other equipment and another additional stack. This therefore makes it possible to reduce costs and implementation duration, as well as sizing by increasing the adaptability of the unit. In addition, the unit according to the invention makes it possible to optimize the available space without affecting the activity or the parameters of the installations such as buoyancy for example. The unit according to the invention also makes it possible to minimize the quantity of materials, the work necessary for manufacturing then deployment and therefore the overall cost of implementing such a unit. In addition, such a unit helps reduce maintenance requirements. Furthermore, a unit according to the invention makes it possible to reduce CO2 emissions. A unit according to the invention is also adaptable to any activity for capturing CO2 emissions and to any volume. This makes it possible to optimize its use, its efficiency and to improve the treatment of fumes.

[0125]

[0118] Thus, the unit according to the invention makes it possible to respond to the challenges and problems of the prior art, namely the capture of CO2 from post-combustion fumes, the sizing, the energy integration, the trajectory of the fumes, capture efficiency and manufacturing, installation, maintenance and operation costs. Indeed, thanks to the invention it is possible to integrate the treatment of post-combustion fumes connected to a single stack into a single unit.

[0126]

[0119] According to another aspect, the invention concerns the use of a post-combustion fumes treatment unit 1 comprising a stack, at least one post-combustion fumes inlet, at least one CO2 capture system, at least one CO2 depleted fumes outlet, preferably a unit according to invention in the production of electricity, in the production of steam, in the treatment of CO2, in the conditioning of CO2, in the transport of CO2, in the storage of CO2, in the recovery of exhaust fumes, in the treatment of exhaust fumes, in gas production, in oil production and / or in maritime transport. Such use of a unit comprising a single stack makes it possible to reduce manufacturing, production and maintenance costs. In addition, such use helps reduce CO2 emissions.

[0127]

[0120] According to another aspect, the invention aims a method of treating postcombustion fumes. Such a method can be illustrated in connection with Figure 8.

[0128]

[0121] A method 100 of treating post-combustion fumes can be implemented by a postcombustion fumes treatment unit comprising a single stack, at least one post-combustion fumes inlet, at least one CO2 capture system, at least one outlet of fumes depleted in CO2. Preferably such a method is implemented by a unit according to the invention and as described above.

[0129]

[0122] A method 100 of treating post-combustion fumes may include a step of supplying 110 post-combustion fumes to a CO2 capture system 5 by means of at least one postcombustion fumes inlet 3, said post-combustion fumes coming from a stack 2, a step 130 of capturing (treatment) CO2 of the post-combustion fumes, preferably cooled, by at least one CO2 capture system 5, so as to generate fumes depleted in CO2, a step 150 of evacuating the fumes depleted in CO2 through the stack 2 by means of at least one CO2 depleted fumes outlet 4 communicating with the stack 2 and the CO2 capture system 5, said at least one outlet 4 and the at least one inlet 3 communicating with the same stack 2.

[0130]

[0123] A method 100 of treating post-combustion fumes may further comprise a step of supplying 105 post-combustion fumes to a treatment unit 1 and preferably to a stack 2. A supply step may include the generation of post-combustion fumes. Such generation can come from thermal power generation and / or electrical power generation as described previously.

[0131]

[0124] A method 100 of treating post-combustion fumes may a step 120 of cooling the postcombustion fumes by at least one cooling module so as to cool the post-combustion fumes.

[0132]

[0125] A method 100 of treating post-combustion fumes may include a step 110 of supplying post-combustion fumes to the CO2 capture system 5 via at least one inlet 3 communicating with the stack 2. Such a step makes it possible to supply the post-combustion fumes to the CO2 capture system. A supply step may include guiding the post-combustion fumes coming from the stack 2 towards the CO2 capture system through at least one inlet 3 and implemented optionally by at least one fan 10, according to a curvilinear trajectory. Such a step makes it possible to supply post-combustion fumes comprising CO2 to a CO2 capture system 5 and therefore contributes to the reduction of CO2 emissions. In addition, this step

[0133]

[0126] A method 100 of treating post-combustion fumes may include a step 120 of cooling the fumes by at least one cooling module so as to cool the post-combustion fumes, preferably coming from the stack 2. This makes it possible to cool the fumes. Advantageously, this step can also allow at least a partial reduction in the concentration of other compounds present in the fumes, in particular sulfur and nitrogen oxides. A cooling step lowers the temperature of the post-combustion fumes, which facilitates the separation of CO2. Such a step also makes it possible to facilitate the transfer of CO2 from postcombustion fumes to the CO2 separation technology (for example to the solvent in an absorption technology). Thus, a cooling step helps to capture CO2.

[0134]

[0127] A method 100 of treating post-combustion fumes may include a step 130 of capturing CO2 from post-combustion fumes, preferably cooled, by at least one CO2 capture system 5, so as to generate fumes depleted in CO2. A capture system can correspond to a CO2 capture system as described above. This step allows the fumes to be treated and the CO2 to be captured. Furthermore, the step of capturing is preferably implemented along the curvilinear trajectory of the post-combustion fumes passing through said capture system 5. As explained above, this allows several effects and advantages.

[0135]

[0128] A method 100 of treating post-combustion fumes may include a step 150 of evacuating fumes depleted in CO2 through the stack 2 by means of at least one outlet 4 communicating with the stack 2 and the CO2 capture system 5, said at least one outlet 4 being arranged so that the at least one inlet and the at least one outlet communicate directly or indirectly and preferably fluidly with the same stack 2. This step allows to participate to the curvilinear trajectory and in particular for the CO2 depleted fumes. Such a step makes it possible to improve energy integration, reduce construction, installation and maintenance costs. In addition, such a step makes it easier for fumes to travel and reduces losses.

[0136]

[0129] The method according to the invention may comprise other steps knew in the field. For example, the method may comprise an optional or additional step of washing implemented by a washing module and configured to allow CO2-depleted fumes to be brought into contact with a fluid, preferably demineralized water, for example in order to prevent carryover of solvent present in the fumes.

[0130] A method 100 of treating post-combustion fumes may include a step of pre-cooling post combustion fumes and warming-up the CO2 depleted fumes by at least one heat recovery heat exchanger so as to pre-cool post combustion and to heat the CO2 depleted fumes.

[0131] Such a method makes it possible to treat post-combustion fumes and reduce CO2 emissions. In addition, such a treatment method is implemented with a single stack, which further reduces costs and improves energy integration.

Claims

Claims1 . A post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1 ), comprising a single stack (2), at least one post-combustion fumes inlet (3), at least one COg-depleted fumes outlet (4), at least one CO2 capture system (5), said CO2 capture system being configured to capture all or part of the CO2 from the post-combustion fumes and intended to cooperate fluidly with the stack (2) by means of the at least one post-combustion fumes inlet (3) and the at least one CO2-depleted fumes outlet (4), said CO2 capture system (5) being further configured to generate CO2-depleted fumes, characterized in that the CO2 capture unit (1 ) is configured to direct the fumes coming from the stack towards the at least one inlet 3 then towards the at least one outlet (4) through the CO2 capture system (5) and in that the at least one inlet (3) and the at least one outlet (4) are arranged so as to cooperate fluidly with said stack (2) and the CO2 capture system (5).

2. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1 ) according to claim 1 characterized in that the post-combustion fumes come from thermal power generation and / or power electrical generation.

3. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1 ) according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the stack comprises a means for separating post-combustion fumes and CO2- depleted fumes.

4. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the unit is configured for post-combustion fumes and CO2- depleted fumes describing a curvilinear trajectory.

5. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the CO2 capture system (5) is selected from a capture system by absorption, by adsorption, by cryogenic and / or by membrane separation.

6. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the unit further comprises at least one washing module.

7. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the unit further comprises at least one cooling module.

8. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the unit comprises at least one fan.

9. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the unit comprises a fumes recirculation line.

10. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the unit comprises at least one heat exchanger.11 . Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the at least one inlet (3) comprises at least one fan (10) and / or a deflector and / or a by-pass and / or a diverter system.

12. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the at least one outlet (4) comprises at least one fan (10) and / or a deflector and / or a by-pass and / or a diverter system.

13. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the at least one outlet (4) is configured to direct the fumes depleted in CO2 from the CO2 capture system (5) towards the stack (2)14. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the at least one inlet (3) is configured to direct the postcombustion fumes from a stack (2) towards the CO2 capture system (5)15. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the at least one outlet (4) is arranged on the same side of the unit (1 ) as the at least one inlet (3).

16. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the at least one outlet (4) and the at least one inlet (3) are configured to communicate fluidly with the same stack (2).

17. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that said unit (1 ) comprises as many inlet(s) (3) as outlet(s) (4).

18. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1) according to the claims 1 to 16 characterized in that said unit (1 ) comprises more inlets (3) than outlet(s) (4).

19. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1) according to the claims 1 to 16 characterized in that said unit (1 ) comprises fewer inlet(s) 3 than outlets (4).

20. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the CO2 capture system (5) is arranged on at least two stages (F1. F2).21 . Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the CO2 capture system (5) is arranged on at most 6 stages.

22. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that said unit (1 ) is configured to be modular and / or scalable.

23. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the CO2 capture system (5) is configured to be modular and / or scalable.

24. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that said unit (1 ) extends horizontally relative to the stack (2).

25. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the unit (1) is a unit for an on-shore site.

26. Post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the unit (1 ) is a unit for an off-shore platform.

27. Use of a post-combustion fumes treatment unit (1 ) comprising a single stack (2), at least one post-combustion fumes inlet, at least one CO2 capture system (5), at least one COg-depleted fumes outlet (4) in the production of electricity, in the production of steam, in the treatment of CO2, in the conditioning of CO2, in the transport of CO2, in the storage of CO2, in the recovery of exhaust fumes, in the treatment of exhaust fumes, in gas production, in oil production and / or in maritime transport.

28. Method (100) for treating post-combustion fumes by a unit (1 ) for treating postcombustion fumes comprising a single stack (2), at least one post-combustion fumes inlet (3), at least one system (5) for capturing CO2 at least one outlet (4) of fumes depleted in CO2, said method (100) comprising a step of supplying (110) postcombustion fumes to the at least one CO2 capture system (5) by means of the at least one post-combustion fumes inlet (3), said post-combustion fumes coming from the stack (2), a step of capturing (130) CO2 from the post-combustion fumes by the at least one system (5) of capturing CO2, so as to generate fumes depleted in CO2, a step of evacuating (150) the fumes depleted in CO2 through the stack (2) by means of the at least one outlet (4) communicating with the stack (2) and the at least one CO2 capture system (5), said at least one outlet (4) and the at least one inlet (3) communicating with the same stack (2).

29. Method (100) for treating post-combustion fumes according to claim 28, characterized in that it comprises a step (120) of cooling the post-combustion fumes by at least one cooling module so as to cool the post-combustion fumes.

30. Method (100) for treating post-combustion fumes according to the claim 28 or 29, characterized in that it comprises a step of pre-cooling post combustion fumes and warming-up the CO2 depleted fumes by at least one heat recovery heat exchanger so as to pre-cool post combustion and to heat the CO2 depleted fumes.

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