Decorative sheet

Abstract

Disclosed is a decorative sheet having excellent total solar reflectance (TSR) characteristics. The decorative sheet according to the present invention comprises: a PVC-based reflection layer; a PVC-based transmission layer disposed on the PVC-based reflection layer; and an acrylic film layer disposed on the PVC-based transmission layer, wherein the PVC-based reflection layer contains at least one reflective material among titanium (Ti), gold (Au), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni), and oxides thereof, and the PVC-based transmission layer contains a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment.

Description

deco sheet

[0001] The present invention relates to a deco sheet.

[0002] Deco sheets are protective sheets that express natural textures through various printed and embossed patterns. They are widely used not only in everyday homes but also on the surfaces of office furniture, residential furniture, and kitchen furniture.

[0003] The deco sheet mainly contains polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material, and a transparent layer may be placed on the PVC layer for protective purposes.

[0004] The above transparent layer can be a hard coating layer for interior use, and a film layer made of materials such as acrylic or ASA for exterior use requiring weather resistance.

[0005] Exterior deco sheets are installed in various locations such as PVC windows, doors, and walls, and require properties such as abrasion resistance and durability, as well as characteristics of Total Solar Reflectance (TSR) and weather resistance.

[0006] Among these, for exterior decorative sheets, it is important to reflect solar heat to minimize absorbed heat and prevent the surface temperature from rising too high.

[0007] This is the Total Solar Reflectance (TSR), and the higher this reflectance value, the lower the surface temperature of the product with the exterior deco sheet attached remains, which can improve the problem of the substrate, such as the PVC profile to which the deco sheet is attached, deforming due to heat.

[0008] Although inorganic pigments are sometimes applied to exterior decorative sheets to increase reflectivity, there are limitations to raising reflectivity to a sufficient level due to the material properties and the need to prevent thermal deformation.

[0009] Therefore, there is a need for research on deco sheets that can further improve Total Solar Reflectance (TSR) characteristics.

[0010] Meanwhile, functional films are sheets designed to protect the surface of a substrate and enhance its aesthetic appearance, and can replicate natural textures such as metal, wood, and stone through various printing patterns.

[0011] These functional films are widely used not only as interior deco sheets but also in exterior environments, such as for vehicle wrapping, advertising, exterior profile wrapping, exterior HPL (High Pressure Laminate), and exterior panels.

[0012] Since exterior functional films are continuously exposed to external environments such as strong ultraviolet rays, temperature changes, humidity, and pollutants, solar heat reflection performance is required as an important physical property, along with excellent weather resistance, durability, and stain resistance.

[0013] In particular, it is essential to suppress the rise in surface temperature through the reflection of the infrared (IR) region contained in sunlight.

[0014] To achieve this purpose, a transparent protective layer formed of a weather-resistant resin is applied to the top of the film.

[0015] The transparent protective layer maintains the color or pattern of the exterior while serving to block ultraviolet rays and prevent surface damage.

[0016] Meanwhile, the higher the reflectance of the exterior functional film in the IR wavelength range (780 to 2500 nm), the more the temperature rise of the substrate to which the film is applied (e.g., PVC windows, metal panels, composites, building glass, automotive surfaces, etc.) is suppressed, thereby preventing thermal deformation or discoloration.

[0017] However, due to issues such as thermal deformation, there is a continuing need to improve reflectivity in the IR range, and limitations also exist in terms of color realization and weather resistance.

[0018] Therefore, for functional films that require both high weather resistance and solar heat reflection properties, such as exterior or vehicle wrapping films, a design is required that can maximize reflection efficiency in the IR wavelength range (780 to 2500 nm) while maintaining color expression and environmental resistance.

[0019] The objective of the present invention is to provide a deco sheet with excellent total solar reflectance (TSR) characteristics.

[0020] In addition, the objective of the present invention is to provide a deco sheet having excellent weather resistance, tensile strength, and low shrinkage rate.

[0021] In addition, the objective of the present invention is to provide a deco sheet applicable to exterior deco sheets.

[0022] The objective of the present invention is to provide a functional film capable of preventing temperature rise by increasing thermal reflectivity in the infrared (IR) region.

[0023] In addition, the objective of the present invention is to provide a functional film having excellent weather resistance.

[0024] Furthermore, the objective of the present invention is to provide a functional film applicable to exterior environments, such as interior deco sheets, as well as for vehicle wrapping, advertising, exterior profile wrapping, exterior HPL (High Pressure Laminate), and exterior panels.

[0025] The objects of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned objects and advantages of the present invention may be understood from the following description and will be more clearly understood by the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, it will be readily apparent that the objects and advantages of the present invention can be realized by the means and combinations thereof set forth in the claims.

[0026] The deco sheet according to the present invention comprises a PVC-based reflective layer; a PVC-based transparent layer disposed on the PVC-based reflective layer; and an acrylic film layer disposed on the PVC-based transparent layer; wherein the PVC-based reflective layer comprises one or more reflective materials selected from titanium (Ti), gold (Au), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni), and oxides thereof, and the PVC-based transparent layer comprises a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment.

[0027] When heating is continuously increased at a rate of 20°C / min in the intervals of 50 to 250°C, 250 to 400°C, and 400 to 700°C using Py-GCMS, peaks with m / z values ​​of 112, 126, and 252 may be expressed when the m / z value at 400 to 700°C is extracted as 252 in the chromatogram.

[0028] The above PVC-based reflective layer may include one or more types of spherical reflective materials and rod-shaped reflective materials.

[0029] The above PVC-based reflective layer may contain 5 parts by weight or more and less than 60 parts by weight of a reflective material per 100 parts by weight of PVC resin.

[0030] In the above PVC-based reflective layer, when including a spherical reflective material and a rod-shaped reflective material, the spherical reflective material : rod-shaped reflective material may be included in a weight ratio of 1 : 99 to 99 : 1.

[0031] The above PVC-based permeable layer may contain 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment per 100 parts by weight of PVC resin.

[0032] The total solar reflectance (TSR) of the above deco sheet, calculated by weighting by wavelength according to DIN EN 410 standards, may be 20% or more.

[0033] When measured with a colorimeter, the lightness (L*) of the above deco sheet in the CIE L*a*b* color space may be 70 or less.

[0034] When measuring deco sheets using UV-Vis-NIR spectrum equipment, the average IR reflectance at wavelengths of 760 to 1000 nm and 1875 to 2125 nm can be 60% or more, and the average IR reflectance at wavelengths of 1250 to 1500 nm can be 55% or more.

[0035] The tensile strength of the above deco sheet may be 10 to 30 MPa.

[0036] When the change in length is measured at room temperature after soaking the above deco sheet in 100°C water for 10 minutes and then removing it, the shrinkage rate may be within 5%.

[0037] After conducting a 10,000-hour weather resistance evaluation according to DIN EN513 standards, the Grey scale of the above deco sheet may satisfy grade 3 or higher when evaluated according to ISO 105-A02 standards.

[0038] A printing layer may be further included between the above-mentioned PVC-based transparent layer and the acrylic-based coating layer.

[0039] The functional film according to the present invention comprises a PVC-based reflective layer, wherein the PVC-based reflective layer comprises a spherical reflective material and a rod-shaped reflective material, and is characterized in that the content of the rod-shaped reflective material is greater than the content of the spherical reflective material.

[0040] The above PVC-based reflective layer may include one or more reflective materials among titanium (Ti), gold (Au), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni) and oxides thereof.

[0041] The above PVC-based reflective layer may contain 5 parts by weight or more and less than 60 parts by weight of a reflective material per 100 parts by weight of PVC resin.

[0042] In the above PVC-based reflective layer, when including a spherical reflective material and a rod-shaped reflective material, the spherical reflective material : rod-shaped reflective material may be included in a weight ratio of 1 : 99 to 49 : 51.

[0043] When measuring functional films using UV-Vis-NIR spectrum equipment, the average IR reflectance at wavelengths of 780 to 2500 nm can be 50% or more.

[0044] When measuring a functional film using UV-Vis-NIR spectrum equipment, the average IR reflectance at wavelengths of 760 to 1500 nm may be 80% or more, the average IR reflectance at wavelengths of 1800 to 2200 nm may be 70% or more, and the average IR reflectance at wavelengths of 2300 to 2400 nm may be 40% or more.

[0045] The surface temperature measured after irradiating the surface of the above functional film with an IR lamp for 60 minutes may be 80℃ or lower.

[0046] The above PVC-based reflective layer may further include one or more of a printing layer, a coloring layer, and a transparent protective layer.

[0047] At this time, the transparent protective layer may include one or more of PVC, PU, ​​and acrylate.

[0048] The deco sheet according to the present invention has the effect of providing a heat reflection function to the deco sheet through a laminated structure of a transparent layer having a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment and a reflective layer located below the transparent layer, thereby having excellent total solar reflectance (TSR) characteristics.

[0049] In addition, the deco sheet of the present invention has the effect of having weather resistance, tensile strength, and a low shrinkage rate, and has the advantage of being applicable to exterior deco sheets.

[0050] The functional film according to the present invention has a PVC-based reflective layer comprising a spherical reflective material and a rod-shaped reflective material, and by including a larger amount of the rod-shaped reflective material, the reflectivity in the infrared (IR) region can be further increased.

[0051] Accordingly, the functional film according to the present invention has excellent reflection characteristics in the infrared (IR) region, thereby having the effect of suppressing the rise in surface temperature.

[0052] In addition, the functional film of the present invention has the effect of providing weather resistance and has the advantage of being applicable to exterior environments, such as not only interior deco sheets but also vehicle wrapping, advertising, exterior profile wrapping, exterior HPL (High Pressure Laminate), and exterior panels.

[0053] In addition to the effects described above, the specific effects of the present invention are described together with the specific details for implementing the invention below.

[0054] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a deco sheet according to the present invention.

[0055] Figure 2 is a graph showing the reflectance according to each specimen.

[0056] Figure 3 is a chromatogram result obtained by analyzing the deco sheet of specimen 8 of the present invention using Py-GCMS.

[0057] Figure 4 is a printed layer for measuring reflectance by position.

[0058] Figures 5 to 7 are graphs of reflectance measured at each location of the printed layer of Figure 4.

[0059] Figure 8 is the surface temperature measured by a thermal imaging camera after irradiating a functional film composed of a PVC reflective layer and a printed layer (Figure 4) with an IR lamp for 60 minutes.

[0060] Figure 9 is a graph of the reflectance of a functional film composed of a PVC reflective layer, measured with a UV-Vis-NIR spectrum instrument.

[0061] [Explanation of the symbol]

[0062] 10: PVC-based reflective layer

[0063] 20: PVC-based permeable layer

[0064] 30: Acrylic film layer

[0065] The aforementioned objectives, features, and advantages are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to easily implement the technical concept of the present invention. In describing the present invention, detailed descriptions of known technologies related to the present invention are omitted if it is determined that such descriptions would unnecessarily obscure the essence of the invention. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to indicate the same or similar components.

[0066] In the following, the statement that any configuration is placed on the "upper (or lower)" of a component or on the "upper (or lower)" of a component may mean not only that any configuration is placed in contact with the upper (or lower) surface of said component, but also that another configuration may be interposed between said component and any configuration placed on (or below) said component.

[0067] In addition, where it is stated that one component is "connected," "combined," or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that while the components may be directly connected or connected to each other, another component may be "interposed" between each component, or each component may be "connected," "combined," or "connected" through another component.

[0068] Hereinafter, a deco sheet according to some embodiments of the present invention will be described.

[0069] Exterior deco sheets are sheets that can provide aesthetics and functionality to surfaces exposed to solar radiation and other climatic influences, such as window profiles, garage doors, door panels, and exterior components.

[0070] These deco sheets must have a long service life and must remain firmly attached to the substrate without discoloration or change beyond a certain level during the time the product is certified, despite exposure to sunlight (primarily the ultraviolet portion with wavelengths in the 300-400 nm range), temperature, and other climatic influences.

[0071] However, among the various designs of exterior decorative sheets, dark colors, as is the case with all products, experience a relatively higher surface temperature when exposed to sunlight compared to light colors close to white. This leads to heat accumulation on substrates to which the dark decorative sheets are attached, causing issues such as thermal deformation.

[0072] To solve these problems, the inventor laminated a PVC-based transparent layer and a PVC-based reflective layer to impart a heat reflection function to the deco sheet.

[0073] In particular, the transparent layer exhibited excellent opacity while applying a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment having both transmission and reflection functions. It was confirmed that the heat reflection function of the deco sheet was further enhanced by applying one or more materials with high reflectivity among titanium (Ti), gold (Au), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni), and their oxides to the reflective layer.

[0074] The thermal reflection of the deco sheet is the total solar reflectance (TSR) characteristic, which refers to the reflectance of sunlight in the range of 300 to 2500 nm.

[0075] The higher the reflectance value of sunlight in the range of 300 to 2500 nm, the more sunlight is reflected, and the less energy is absorbed by the surface, so the actual surface temperature is lowered.

[0076] The inventors confirmed that the deco sheet has a high TSR value, excellent weather resistance, tensile strength, and low shrinkage rate due to the laminated structure of an acrylic film layer, a PVC layer containing a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment, and a PVC layer containing a reflective material with high reflectivity.

[0077] Based on these research results, the present invention was completed for a deco sheet having a laminated structure of an acrylic film layer, a PVC-based transparent layer, and a PVC-based reflective layer, wherein the PVC-based reflective layer contains one or more reflective materials selected from titanium (Ti), gold (Au), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni), and oxides thereof, and the PVC-based transparent layer contains a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment.

[0078] In the present invention, "dark color" means a color in which the L* value in the CIE L*a*b* color space is 70 or less, and preferably a color in which the L* value is 65 or less.

[0079] When measured with a colorimeter, the lightness (L*) of the deco sheet may be 70 or less, preferably 50 or less, more preferably 40 or less, and even more preferably greater than 0 and less than or equal to 40.

[0080] The colorimeter equipment can be a Maker (Konika Minolta CM-5), and the measurement method can be Reflection or SCI mode.

[0081] Specifically, L* represents lightness, a* represents green and red coordinates, and b* represents yellow and blue coordinates (based on the CIE Lab color space).

[0082] When the value of redness a indicates a positive value, the proportion of red is high, and when it indicates a negative value, the proportion of green is high.

[0083] If the value of yellowness (b) is positive, the proportion of yellow is high, and if it is negative, the proportion of blue is high.

[0084] The closer the lightness L* value is to 100, the whiter it appears, and the closer it is to 0, the blacker it appears.

[0085] For example, dark colors with an L* value of 70 or less may be black, dark gray, dark blue, dark brown, medium gray, colors of moderate saturation, etc.

[0086] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a deco sheet according to the present invention.

[0087] As illustrated in FIG. 1, the deco sheet according to the present invention comprises a PVC-based reflective layer (10), a PVC-based transparent layer (20) disposed on the PVC-based reflective layer, and an acrylic film layer (30) disposed on the PVC-based transparent layer, wherein the PVC-based reflective layer comprises one or more reflective materials selected from titanium (Ti), gold (Au), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni), and oxides thereof, and the PVC-based transparent layer comprises a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment.

[0088] A PVC-based reflective layer (10) is located at the bottom layer of the deco sheet, and a PVC-based transparent layer (20) is located on the PVC-based reflective layer (10).

[0089] A PVC-based reflective layer is attached to the surface of a substrate such as a window, and an acrylic-based film layer (30) is located on the top layer of the deco sheet.

[0090] In the present invention, a material with a high infrared (IR) reflectivity is included in the PVC-based reflective layer (10), and a pigment capable of transmitting infrared rays is included in the PVC-based transparent layer (20), so that sunlight incident on the deco sheet is transmitted to reach the reflective layer while absorbing infrared rays minimally in the PVC-based transparent layer, and is designed to be reflected in the PVC-based reflective layer having a high reflectivity.

[0091] Through this, the deco sheet of the present invention can have a reflectance significantly higher than that of existing deco sheet products, and when exposed to sunlight, the surface temperature of the product is also significantly lowered, thereby ultimately reducing the heat reaching the substrate and preventing deformation problems caused by heat.

[0092] PVC-based reflective layer (10)

[0093] A PVC-based reflective layer may include PVC resin and a reflective material with high infrared (IR) reflectivity.

[0094] In addition to having the characteristic of being able to freely adjust flexibility from soft to hard depending on the type and amount of plasticizer added, PVC resins have excellent water resistance, chemical resistance, and electrical insulation properties, and melt at 170°C or higher.

[0095] The degree of polymerization of the PVC-based resin can be, for example, 700 to 1,300, and specifically 700 to 1,000.

[0096] The degree of polymerization can be measured according to methods commonly used in the field of technology.

[0097] PVC-based reflective layers may contain a plasticizer along with PVC resin.

[0098] The plasticizer may include one or more of phthalate-based plasticizers, terephthalate-based plasticizers, benzoate-based plasticizers, citrate-based plasticizers, phosphate-based plasticizers, and adipate-based plasticizers.

[0099] A PVC-based reflective layer may contain 20 to 30 parts by weight of a plasticizer per 100 parts by weight of PVC resin. By satisfying a plasticizer content of 20 to 30 parts by weight, excellent miscibility with the resin is achieved within a range where the content of the reflective material is less than 60 parts by weight.

[0100] If the plasticizer content increases, the product becomes soft, and if the plasticizer content decreases, the product becomes hard.

[0101] Since this causes differences in processability and usability, it is necessary to satisfy the plasticizer content range.

[0102] For the processability and product usability of this deco sheet, it is preferable to use 20 to 30 parts by weight of a plasticizer.

[0103] In the case of PVC resin, it is possible to form it into a sheet only when it is mixed with a plasticizer during the processing process, the plasticizer sufficiently penetrates into the PVC particles, swelling occurs, and sufficient gelling takes place between the particles.

[0104] However, if the content of reflective material is 60 parts by weight or more, it hinders the plasticizer from entering the PVC particles, resulting in insufficient gelling and reduced processability.

[0105] The reflective material is also a material with a high refractive index and may include one or more of titanium (Ti), gold (Au), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni) and their oxides, preferably may include one or more of titanium (Ti), gold (Au), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu) and their oxides, and more preferably may include an oxide of titanium (Ti).

[0106] These reflective materials may be included in the form of one or more of metals, alloys, and metal oxides to reflect light reaching the PVC-based reflective layer.

[0107] The above PVC-based reflective layer may contain 5 parts by weight or more to less than 60 parts by weight of a reflective material per 100 parts by weight of PVC resin, and preferably 5 to 50 parts by weight.

[0108] By satisfying a content of reflective material of 5 parts by weight or more to less than 60 parts by weight in the PVC-based reflective layer, the IR average reflectance effect of the deco sheet can be secured, and furthermore, it may be advantageous to secure the total solar reflectance (TSR) effect.

[0109] If the content of the reflective material is 60 parts by weight or more, the miscibility with the PVC resin is significantly reduced, making the preparation of the mixture insufficient, and the presence of powder in the mixture makes it difficult to form it into a sheet, which may reduce processability.

[0110] PVC-based reflective layers can have excellent reflectivity without mixing reflective materials of different shapes.

[0111] In particular, in the present invention, reflective materials of different shapes can be mixed so that the deco sheet has high solar reflectivity in both wavelengths of less than 1000 nm and wavelengths of 1000 nm or more.

[0112] When reflective materials with different shapes are mixed and used, higher reflectivity can be achieved over a wider wavelength range, thereby enabling better performance.

[0113] The PVC-based reflective layer may include one or more types of spherical reflective materials and rod-shaped reflective materials, and preferably may include both spherical reflective materials and rod-shaped reflective materials.

[0114] Here, sphere does not refer to a polyhedron, but means a sphere-shaped or / and sphere-like shape.

[0115] The diameter of the sphere may be 1 to 2000 nm, specifically 100 to 1000 nm, but is not limited thereto.

[0116] Rod-shaped forms are those that have length and may include cylindrical shapes, polyhedra (solids with multiple planes), angular shapes, etc.

[0117] The length of the rod shape may be 0.01 to 20 µm, specifically 0.1 to 10 µm, more specifically 0.2 to 10 µm, or 0.3 to 6 µm, but is not limited thereto.

[0118] PVC-based reflective layers containing only spherical reflective materials exhibit high infrared (IR) reflectivity at short wavelengths, and the infrared (IR) reflectivity decreases as the wavelength increases.

[0119] Conversely, PVC-based reflective layers containing only rod-shaped reflective materials cause stronger scattering at long wavelengths than at short wavelengths, exhibiting higher reflectivity at long wavelengths compared to spherical reflective materials.

[0120] In this regard, the present invention includes both spherical and rod-shaped reflective materials in a PVC-based reflective layer, thereby enabling high reflectivity at all wavelengths.

[0121] In the laminated deco sheet state, spherical and rod-shaped reflective materials contained in the PVC-based reflective layer can be identified using a standard SEM microscope, for example, through the Zeiss Merlin Compact instrument.

[0122] In a PVC-based reflective layer, when both spherical reflective material and rod-shaped reflective material are included, the spherical reflective material : rod-shaped reflective material may be included in a weight ratio of 1 : 99 to 99 : 1, preferably in a weight ratio of 20 : 80 to 80 : 20, and more preferably in a weight ratio of 30 : 70 to 70 : 30.

[0123] High reflection efficiency can be exhibited at short and long wavelengths by satisfying a weight ratio of 1:99 to 99:1 for the mixture of spherical reflective material and rod-shaped reflective material.

[0124] In the laminated deco sheet state, the mixing ratio of spherical reflective materials and rod-shaped reflective materials included in the PVC-based reflective layer can be confirmed through a method of estimation via cross-sectional shape analysis.

[0125] The thickness of the PVC-based reflective layer can be controlled according to the absolute content of the reflective material in the reflective layer to which light reaches.

[0126] In this regard, considering the concentration of the reflective material of the present invention, the thickness of the PVC-based reflective layer may be 1 to 1000 μm, and specifically 10 to 200 μm.

[0127] As such, the present invention includes spherical and rod-shaped reflective materials in a PVC-based reflective layer, so that the PVC-based reflective layer can sufficiently reflect infrared (IR) transmitted through the PVC-based transparent layer and some reflected heat, thereby enabling the deco sheet to exhibit a high total solar reflectance (TSR) effect.

[0128] PVC-based transparent layer (20)

[0129] The PVC-based permeable layer may contain PVC resin and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PCAHC) pigments.

[0130] The PVC resin and plasticizer are the same as those described above for the PVC-based reflective layer, so they will be omitted.

[0131] Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigments are multi-ring aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), referring to compounds among aromatic hydrocarbons that have multiple rings.

[0132] Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigments may include one or more of the benzo group and the anthracene group.

[0133] Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigments may have a carbon number of C10 to C50, and preferably C12 to C50.

[0134] Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigments impart a dark color to the PVC-based transparent layer while possessing low absorption due to their transmittance and reflectance of infrared rays, so they can be applied to the deco sheet of the present invention to provide a total solar reflectance (TSR) effect.

[0135] On the other hand, pigments such as carbon black absorb almost all sunlight and have very low reflectivity; therefore, deco sheets coated with them experience very high surface temperatures under sunlight, making them prone to causing thermal deformation in the substrate.

[0136] For example, a deco sheet with carbon black pigment has a high IR absorption rate, so the total solar reflectance (TSR) can be the lowest at less than 10%.

[0137] Therefore, it is desirable to include a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment in the PVC-based permeable layer.

[0138] The weight-average molecular weight of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment can be 300 to 800 g / mol, and specifically 400 to 800 g / mol.

[0139] By satisfying a weight-average molecular weight of 300 to 800 g / mol for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigments, it is advantageous for exhibiting high infrared (IR) transmittance of the PVC-based transparent layer and the total solar reflectance (TSR) effect of the deco sheet.

[0140] In the laminated deco sheet state, the components of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigments included in the PVC-based permeable layer can be confirmed through GC-MS analysis.

[0141] Specifically, when the temperature is continuously increased at a rate of 20°C / min in the intervals of 50 to 250°C, 250 to 400°C, and 400 to 700°C using the analytical instrument Py-GCMS (EGA / PY-3030D / Agilent 7890B / 5977B), peaks having m / z values ​​of 112, 126, and 252 may be expressed when the m / z value at 400 to 700°C is extracted as 252 in the chromatogram.

[0142] For example, when a sample is heated at a heating rate of 20°C / min at 50°C to 250°C and analyzed for 45 minutes, a sample is heated at a heating rate of 20°C / min at 250°C to 400°C and analyzed for 45 minutes, and a sample is heated at a heating rate of 20°C / min at 400°C to 700°C and analyzed for 45 minutes, a corresponding peak is expressed at 400°C to 700°C, and when m / z is extracted as 252, it can be confirmed that peaks having m / z values ​​of 112, 126, and 252 are expressed.

[0143] The PVC-based permeable layer may contain 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment per 100 parts by weight of PVC resin, and preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight.

[0144] By satisfying the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment in the PVC-based transparent layer with 0.1 to 20 parts by weight, it is advantageous to secure the total solar reflectance (TSR) effect of the deco sheet and has the effect of exhibiting sufficient opacity.

[0145] If the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment in the PVC-based permeable layer is less than 0.1 parts by weight, or if it does not contain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment, the hiding power is insufficient, and defects in the appearance of the deco sheet may occur.

[0146] Conversely, if the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment exceeds 20 parts by weight, the amount of heat absorbed in the PVC-based transparent layer increases, and reflectivity may decrease.

[0147] Therefore, it is desirable to include a minimum amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment while maintaining the opacity of the PVC-based permeable layer.

[0148] The thickness of the PVC-based permeable layer can be 1 to 1000 μm, and specifically 10 to 200 μm.

[0149] By satisfying a thickness of 1 to 1000 μm for the PVC-based transparent layer, it is possible to exhibit a reflectivity effect along with sufficient hiding power.

[0150] If the thickness of the PVC-based permeable layer is less than 1㎛, it is too thin to secure hiding power, and processability may also be reduced.

[0151] Meanwhile, when both reflective materials and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigments are included within a single-layer PVC structure, there may be limitations in increasing the reflectivity.

[0152] If the reflective material is colored, there is a problem in that sufficient reflectivity cannot be secured because it can only be included in a relatively small amount within a range that does not affect the target color of the deco sheet.

[0153] Therefore, as in the present invention, it is desirable to laminate a PVC-based transparent layer on a PVC-based reflective layer and include a reflective material and a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment in each layer to achieve the highest reflectivity.

[0154] acrylic film layer (30)

[0155] The acrylic film layer, having a printing layer (not shown) and high transparency, can protect the PVC-based transparent layer from ultraviolet rays through a UV stabilizer while maintaining the product's aesthetics, and can also improve the mechanical properties of the product by increasing its tensile strength.

[0156] The acrylic film layer may be formed into a film by extruding an acrylic composition. The acrylic composition may include an acrylic resin and an impact modifier.

[0157] For example, the acrylic resin may include one or more of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, hexyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, hexyl methacrylate, octyl methacrylate, glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, and hydroxypropyl methacrylate, and may include copolymer resins thereof.

[0158] In particular, the acrylic resin may include polymethyl methacrylate resin or polymethyl methacrylate copolymer resin.

[0159] For example, an acrylic composition may comprise 20 to 70 parts by weight of a urethane acrylate oligomer having 5 to 15 polymerizable functional groups, 10 to 40 parts by weight of an acrylate monomer having 2 to 6 functional groups, and 1 to 10 parts by weight of a photoinitiator.

[0160] Urethane acrylate oligomers having 5 to 15 polymerizable functional groups may include polymerizable functional groups capable of crosslinking by UV irradiation when forming a coating layer, and may include, for example, aliphatic urethane acrylate compounds.

[0161] The difunctional acrylate monomer may include one or more of 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol(io)n diacrylate, trippropylene glycol diacrylate, dipropylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol diacrylate, tricyclodecane dimethanol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol 200 diacrylate, polyethylene glycol 300 diacrylate, polyethylene glycol 400 diacrylate, polyethylene glycol 600 diacrylate, and polypropylene glycol 400 diacrylate, but is not limited thereto.

[0162] The trifunctional acrylate monomer may include one or more of trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, and trimethylolpropane(io)n triacrylate, but is not limited thereto.

[0163] In addition to this, the acrylic composition may further include 0 to 30 parts by weight of an acrylate monomer having a monofunctional group, a UV absorber, and 0 to 6 parts by weight of a UV stabilizer such as HALS (Hindered Amine Light Stabilizer), but is not limited thereto.

[0164] The thickness of the acrylic film layer can be 1 to 100 μm, and specifically, 20 to 90 μm.

[0165] By satisfying a thickness of 1 to 100㎛ for the acrylic film layer, it has an advantageous effect in securing UV blocking efficiency and tensile strength of the deco sheet.

[0166] Conversely, if the thickness of the acrylic film layer is too thick, the tensile strength becomes excessively high, which may lead to a decrease in elongation and a decrease in processability such as lifting during bending construction.

[0167] The total thickness of the deco sheet can be 100 to 1000 μm, preferably 150 to 500 μm, and more preferably 180 to 400 μm.

[0168] The deco sheet may further include a printed layer (not shown) between the PVC-based transparent layer and the acrylic-based film layer.

[0169] The printing layer is included in the deco sheet for color assistance and may include a pattern and a background color, and may be formed as a single layer or a multilayer of two or more layers.

[0170] In general, about 47% of the solar energy that reaches the Earth's surface in the form of radiation falls within the near infrared (NIR, 780-2500 nm) range.

[0171] Pigments that effectively reflect near-infrared rays and suppress thermal heating of deco sheets have a significant impact on reducing the heating of buildings and deco sheets under solar radiation.

[0172] In the present invention, by including a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment that best corresponds to the effect of improving the total solar reflectance (TSR) in the PVC-based transparent layer and including a reflective material such as TiO2 in the PVC-based reflective layer, the solar reflectivity of the deco sheet is further enhanced.

[0173] Total Solar Reflectance (TSR) is a numerical value calculated by measuring the reflection value of a material at each wavelength and applying energy density weights; a higher value indicates superior solar reflection.

[0174] The total solar reflectance (TSR) of the deco sheet of the present invention can be calculated from the wavelength-specific weights according to the DIN EN 410 standard.

[0175] The average IR reflectance refers to the value obtained by adding all the reflectance values ​​measured at wavelengths from 780 to 2500 nm and dividing by the number of measured reflectances.

[0176] Based on a dark color with a lightness (L*) of 70 or less in the CIE L*a*b* color space, the total solar reflectance (TSR) of the deco sheet of the present invention may be 20% or more, and preferably 23 to 90%.

[0177] Just as darker colors generally absorb more heat and become hotter than light colors in the white spectrum, light-colored decorative sheets have a relatively higher Total Solar Reflectance (TSR) than dark-colored decorative sheets.

[0178] For use in protecting product surfaces, deco sheets must also ensure mechanical properties and durability.

[0179] In this regard, the tensile strength of the deco sheet may be 10 to 30 MPa, and preferably 15 to 25 MPa.

[0180] By satisfying a tensile strength of 10 to 30 MPa for the deco sheet, it has an advantageous effect in improving processability and durability.

[0181] Tensile strength can be measured using tensile property measuring equipment and under conditions of 200 mm / min spd.

[0182] Since deco sheets are attached to substrates and used for a long period, they must not deform and require dimensional stability.

[0183] In this regard, the shrinkage rate of the deco sheet can be controlled by the extent to which residual stress is removed during processing.

[0184] In this regard, when the change in length is measured at room temperature after the deco sheet is immersed in water at 100°C for 10 minutes and then removed, the shrinkage rate may be within 5%, and preferably within 4%.

[0185] Here, the shrinkage rate refers to both the width and length directions of the deco sheet.

[0186] The deco sheet has the effect of further enhancing weather resistance due to UV stabilizers and pigments contained in the acrylic film layer, the transmitting layer, and the reflective layer.

[0187] After conducting a 10,000-hour weather resistance evaluation according to DIN EN513 standards, the Grey scale of the above deco sheet may satisfy grade 3 or higher when evaluated according to ISO 105-A02 standards.

[0188] Specifically, it can be evaluated according to the ISO 105-A02: Textiles - Tests for colour fasness - Part A02: Grey scale for assessing change in colour standard.

[0189] - Comparison Criteria: Sample before test (original color) vs. Sample after test (discolored color)

[0190] - Tool: Grayscale card specified in ISO 105-A02

[0191] - Grades: Consists of 9 grades (Grades 1–5, including an intermediate grade).

[0192] Each card features a combination of two shades of gray, representing the color differences perceived by the human eye in multiple grades.

[0193] Grade 5: No change, Grade 4 to less than Grade 5: Very slight change, Grade 4: Slight change, Grade 3 to less than Grade 4: Slight to moderate change, Grade 3: Distinct change (Moderate), Grade 2 to less than Grade 3: Medium to large change, Grade 2: Large change, Grade 1 to less than Grade 2: Very large change, Grade 1: Extreme change (very poor)

[0194] - Actual Judgment: The grade is determined by visually comparing with the gray scale, and a grade of 3 or higher must be maintained to pass.

[0195] - To verify reliable results, the evaluation must be performed by a trained examiner in a standardized environment (Evaluation environment: Standard light source conforming to ISO standards, observed at a constant angle from an observation distance of approximately 50 cm).

[0196] Hereinafter, a functional film according to some embodiments of the present invention will be described.

[0197] The functional film of the present invention is an additional embodiment in which the composition of the deco sheet is modified.

[0198] A functional film having excellent heat reflection properties in the infrared (IR) region is disclosed.

[0199] Exterior functional film is a sheet that can provide aesthetics and functionality to surfaces exposed to solar radiation and other climatic influences, such as window profiles, garage doors, door panels, and exterior components.

[0200] Such functional films must have a long service life and must remain firmly attached to the substrate without discoloration or change beyond a certain level during the product certification period, despite exposure to sunlight, temperature, and other climatic influences.

[0201] However, when functional films are exposed to sunlight, their surface temperatures rise significantly. This leads to heat accumulation on substrates to which the functional films are attached, causing issues such as thermal deformation and discoloration.

[0202] To solve these problems, the inventors applied spherical reflective materials and rod-shaped reflective materials to a PVC-based reflective layer as a substrate layer to impart a heat reflection function to the functional film.

[0203] In particular, it was confirmed that the heat reflection function of the functional film is further enhanced by applying one or more highly reflective materials among titanium (Ti), gold (Au), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni) and their oxides to the PVC-based reflective layer in two forms, spherical and rod-shaped.

[0204] The thermal reflection of a functional film refers to infrared (IR) reflection in the near infrared (NIR, 780 to 2500 nm) range, and the higher the infrared (IR) reflectance value in the 780 to 2500 nm range, the more infrared (IR) is reflected, so less energy is absorbed by the surface, and the actual surface temperature is lowered.

[0205] The higher the infrared (IR) reflectance, the more effective it is in suppressing the rise in surface temperature.

[0206] At this time, the IR average reflectance refers to the value obtained by adding all the reflectance values ​​measured at wavelengths of 780 to 2500 nm and dividing by the number of measured reflectances.

[0207] The inventors confirmed that a functional film has a high thermal reflectance value in the infrared (IR) region due to a structure comprising a spherical reflective material and a rod-shaped reflective material in a PVC-based reflective layer, with a higher content of the rod-shaped reflective material, and that as the surface temperature is lowered, product degradation is delayed and excellent durability is ensured.

[0208] Based on these research results, a functional film was developed that includes reflective material in two forms, spherical and rod-shaped, in a PVC-based reflective layer.

[0209] The functional film according to the present invention comprises a PVC-based reflective layer, wherein the PVC-based reflective layer comprises a spherical reflective material and a rod-shaped reflective material, and is characterized in that the content of the rod-shaped reflective material is greater than the content of the spherical reflective material.

[0210] The functional film includes a PVC-based reflective layer.

[0211] In the present invention, a material with high infrared (IR) reflectivity is included in the PVC-based reflective layer in two forms, spherical and rod-shaped, so that infrared (IR) incident on the functional film can be reflected as much as possible from the PVC-based reflective layer.

[0212] Through this, the functional film of the present invention can have a superior infrared (IR) reflectance compared to the infrared (IR) reflectance of existing functional film products containing only spherical reflective materials, and when exposed to sunlight, the temperature of the product surface is also significantly lowered, thereby ultimately reducing the heat reaching the substrate and preventing deformation problems caused by heat.

[0213] The PVC resin constituting the PVC-based reflective layer may have a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 80 to 85°C.

[0214] Since the PVC resin constituting the PVC-based reflective layer has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of around 80°C, thermal deformation can be minimized when the surface temperature of the functional film containing the PVC-based reflective layer is 80°C or lower.

[0215] From this perspective, it is important that the surface temperature of a functional film containing a PVC-based reflective layer be 80°C or lower.

[0216] It is desirable for the PVC-based reflective layer to include PVC resin and a reflective material with high infrared (IR) heat reflectivity.

[0217] In addition to the characteristic of being able to freely adjust flexibility from soft to hard depending on the type and amount of plasticizer added, PVC-based resins have excellent water resistance, chemical resistance, and electrical insulation properties.

[0218] The degree of polymerization of the PVC-based resin can be, for example, 700 to 1,300, and specifically 700 to 1,000. The degree of polymerization can be measured according to methods commonly used in the art.

[0219] PVC-based reflective layers may further include a plasticizer along with PVC resin.

[0220] The plasticizer may include one or more of phthalate-based plasticizers, terephthalate-based plasticizers, benzoate-based plasticizers, citrate-based plasticizers, phosphate-based plasticizers, and adipate-based plasticizers.

[0221] A PVC-based reflective layer may contain 20 to 30 parts by weight of a plasticizer per 100 parts by weight of PVC resin. By satisfying a plasticizer content of 20 to 30 parts by weight, excellent miscibility with the resin is achieved within a range where the content of the reflective material is less than 60 parts by weight.

[0222] If the content of the reflective material is 60 parts by weight or more in the range of 20 to 30 parts by weight of the plasticizer, the miscibility with the PVC resin is significantly reduced, making the preparation of the mixture insufficient, and the presence of powder in the mixture makes it difficult to form it into a sheet, which may reduce processability.

[0223] In the present invention, in order for the functional film to have an infrared (IR) reflectance in the range of 780 to 2500 nm, it is preferable to include reflective materials of different shapes, namely spherical reflective materials and rod-shaped reflective materials, in the PVC-based reflective layer.

[0224] When reflective materials with different shapes are mixed, higher reflectivity can be achieved over a wider wavelength range, thereby enabling better performance.

[0225] Here, sphere does not refer to a polyhedron, but means a sphere-shaped or / and sphere-like shape.

[0226] The diameter of the sphere may be 1 to 2000 nm, specifically 100 to 1000 nm, and more specifically 200 to 300 nm, but is not limited thereto.

[0227] Rod-shaped forms are those that have length and may include cylindrical shapes, polyhedra (solids with multiple planes), angular shapes, etc.

[0228] The length of the rod shape may be 0.1 to 20 µm, specifically 0.2 to 10 µm, and more specifically 0.2 to 5 µm or 0.4 to 4 µm, but is not limited thereto.

[0229] PVC-based reflective layers containing only spherical reflective materials exhibit high infrared (IR) reflectivity at short wavelengths, and the infrared (IR) reflectivity decreases as the wavelength increases.

[0230] Conversely, PVC-based reflective layers containing only rod-shaped reflective materials cause stronger scattering at long wavelengths than at short wavelengths, exhibiting higher reflectivity at long wavelengths compared to spherical reflective materials.

[0231] In this regard, the present invention includes both spherical and rod-shaped reflective materials in a PVC-based reflective layer, thereby enabling high reflectivity at all wavelengths.

[0232] In the laminated functional film state, spherical and rod-shaped reflective materials contained in the PVC-based reflective layer can be identified using a standard SEM microscope, for example, through the Zeiss Merlin Compact instrument.

[0233] The reflective material is also a material with a high refractive index and may include one or more of titanium (Ti), gold (Au), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni) and their oxides, preferably may include one or more of titanium (Ti), gold (Au), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu) and their oxides, and more preferably may include an oxide of titanium (Ti) having high refractive index and high reflectivity properties.

[0234] These reflective materials may be included in the form of one or more of metals, alloys, and metal oxides to reflect light reaching the PVC-based reflective layer.

[0235] The above PVC-based reflective layer may comprise 5 parts by weight or more to less than 60 parts by weight of a reflective material per 100 parts by weight of PVC resin, preferably 10 to 58 parts by weight, more preferably 12 to 58 parts by weight, and even more preferably 15 to 56 parts by weight.

[0236] By satisfying the content of the reflective material in the PVC-based reflective layer as 5 parts by weight or more and less than 60 parts by weight, it is advantageous to secure both the infrared (IR) reflectance effect of the functional film and the effect of minimizing the rise in surface temperature.

[0237] In addition, considering that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the PVC resin constituting the PVC-based reflective layer is around 80°C, thermal deformation can be minimized when the surface temperature of the functional film is 80°C or lower.

[0238] The PVC-based reflective layer satisfies the condition that the content of the reflective material is less than 60 parts by weight in the range of 20 to 30 parts by weight of the plasticizer, thereby having excellent compatibility between the PVC resin and the reflective material.

[0239] If the plasticizer content increases, the product becomes soft, and if the plasticizer content decreases, the product becomes hard.

[0240] Since this causes differences in processability and usability, it is necessary to satisfy the plasticizer content range.

[0241] For the processability and product usability of this deco sheet, it is preferable to use 20 to 30 parts by weight of a plasticizer.

[0242] In the case of PVC resin, it is possible to form it into a sheet only when it is mixed with a plasticizer during the processing process, the plasticizer sufficiently penetrates into the PVC particles, swelling occurs, and sufficient gelling takes place between the particles.

[0243] However, if the content of reflective material is 60 parts by weight or more, it hinders the plasticizer from entering the PVC particles, resulting in insufficient gelling and reduced processability.

[0244] In a PVC-based reflective layer, when both spherical reflective material and rod-shaped reflective material are included, the spherical reflective material : rod-shaped reflective material may be included in a weight ratio of 1 : 99 to 49 : 51, preferably in a weight ratio of 5 : 95 to 40 : 60, and more preferably in a weight ratio of 10 : 90 to 20 : 80.

[0245] High reflection efficiency can be exhibited in short and long wavelengths in the range of 780 to 2500 nm by satisfying a weight ratio of 1:99 to 49:51 for the mixing ratio of spherical reflective material to rod-shaped reflective material.

[0246] In the state of a laminated functional film, the mixing ratio of spherical reflective materials and rod-shaped reflective materials included in the PVC-based reflective layer can be confirmed through a method of estimation via cross-sectional shape analysis.

[0247] The thickness of the PVC-based reflective layer can be controlled according to the absolute content of the reflective material in the reflective layer to which light reaches.

[0248] In this regard, considering the concentration of the reflective material of the present invention, the thickness of the PVC-based reflective layer may be 0.1 to 1000 μm, and specifically 1 to 200 μm.

[0249] As such, the present invention includes spherical and rod-shaped reflective materials in a PVC-based reflective layer, and by including a larger amount of rod-shaped reflective material, the PVC-based reflective layer can sufficiently reflect infrared (IR) heat, thereby enabling the functional film to exhibit a high infrared (IR) reflectivity.

[0250] When measuring a functional film composed of a PVC-based reflective layer of the present invention using UV-Vis-NIR spectrum equipment, the average IR reflectance at a wavelength of 780 to 2500 nm may be 50% or more, and preferably 55% or more.

[0251] When measuring a functional film composed of a PVC-based reflective layer using UV-Vis-NIR spectrum equipment, the average IR reflectance at wavelengths of 760 to 1500 nm may be 80% or more, the average IR reflectance at wavelengths of 1800 to 2200 nm may be 70% or more, and the average IR reflectance at wavelengths of 2300 to 2400 nm may be 40% or more.

[0252] These results indicate that the functional film of the present invention can exhibit a high average IR reflectance at wavelengths of 780 to 2500 nm by containing a higher content of rod-shaped reflective material than spherical reflective material.

[0253] The surface temperature measured after irradiating the surface of a functional film composed of a PVC-based reflective layer with an IR lamp for 60 minutes may be 80°C or lower, preferably 78°C or lower, and more preferably 75°C or lower.

[0254] Additionally, the measured internal temperature may be 50℃ or lower.

[0255] These results indicate that the functional film of the present invention prevents temperature rise by increasing thermal reflectivity in the infrared (IR) region by containing a higher content of rod-shaped reflective material than spherical reflective material.

[0256] The IR lamp used for IR lamp irradiation is an Oslam tungsten 250W lamp, and the distance between the surface of the functional film and the IR lamp is 15 to 20 cm.

[0257] The surface temperature measuring equipment used is a thermal imaging camera (FLIR / Model: FLIR-T540) or a thermocouple (PCE PCE-T540).

[0258] The functional film composed of a PVC-based reflective layer may further include one or more of a printing layer, a coloring layer, and a transparent protective layer.

[0259] The printing layer can be placed on a PVC-based reflective layer and can provide visual effects such as designs, patterns, logos, characters, and patterns.

[0260] The printed layer is formed by a printing process, and can control the color tone or express a three-dimensional effect using metallic pigments, pearl pigments, etc.

[0261] The printed layer can be formed as a single layer or as a multilayer of two or more layers.

[0262] The color mixing layer can control the hue, transparency, gloss, etc. of the entire film by adjusting the color and brightness of the printing layer.

[0263] The coloring layer is formed by coating or extrusion and can play an auxiliary role in naturally softening the gloss of the PVC-based reflective layer or uniformly expressing the color of the printed layer.

[0264] The coloring layer can be formed as a single layer or as a multilayer of two or more layers.

[0265] In the present invention, the PVC-based reflective layer itself may be colored without forming a separate coloring layer.

[0266] The transparent protective layer can physically and chemically protect the underlying layer from the external environment. The transparent protective layer is formed by extrusion or lamination and offers excellent transparency, stain resistance, and stretch resistance.

[0267] The transparent protective layer may include one or more of PVC, PU, ​​and acrylate.

[0268] For the functional film containing a PVC-based reflective layer and a printed layer of the present invention, the average IR reflectance measured by a UV-Vis-NIR spectrum device may be 50% or more at a wavelength of 780 to 2500 nm, and preferably 55% or more.

[0269] The functional film adhered to the printing layer may exhibit a difference in reflectance depending on the color of the printing layer, but by including the aforementioned spherical and rod-shaped reflective materials, the IR average reflectance in the functional film structure containing the printing layer can be 50% or more.

[0270] With respect to the above-mentioned functional film containing a PVC-based reflective layer and a printing layer, the surface temperature measured after irradiating the surface of the functional film with an IR lamp for 60 minutes may be 90°C or lower, preferably 85°C or lower, and more preferably 60°C to 85°C.

[0271] Additionally, the measured internal temperature may be 50℃ or lower.

[0272] These results indicate that the functional film containing the PVC-based reflective layer and printing layer of the present invention prevents temperature rise by increasing thermal reflectivity in the infrared (IR) region by including a higher content of rod-shaped reflective material than spherical reflective material.

[0273] When a printing layer or a coloring layer is present, the difference in surface temperature according to the printing layer color or the coloring layer can be confirmed.

[0274] Although there are differences in surface temperature depending on the color of the printing layer or the color of the coloring layer, the present invention can exhibit a low surface temperature of 90°C or lower even if it includes printing layers or coloring layers of various colors.

[0275] The thickness of the functional film may be 1 to 200 μm, and preferably 30 to 150 μm.

[0276] As such, specific embodiments of the deco sheet and functional film are as follows.

[0277] 1. Manufacture of a film composed of a PVC reflective layer

[0278] In the case of the PVC reflective layer, visible light may not reach it because it is located behind the pigment-containing PVC transparent layer. For this reason, for films composed of a PVC reflective layer, the average infrared reflectance was measured instead of TSR, and the surface temperature rise was evaluated using an IR lamp.

[0279] TiO2 was applied as a reflective material to the PVC reflective layer, and TiO2 Spherical and TiO2 The reflection effect was evaluated according to the content ratio of the rod-shaped material.

[0280] <Measurement Method>

[0281] 1) The average infrared (IR) reflectance was measured using a Perkin Elmer Lambda 1050+ UV-VIS-NIR Spectrometer (PMT / InGaAs detection integrating sphere 150 mm, incident angle 8° / Depolarizer applied).

[0282] 2) To measure the surface temperature, the film was irradiated with an IR lamp (Oslam Tungsten 250W) for 60 minutes, and the distance between the film surface and the IR lamp was set to 18 cm.

[0283] The surface temperature was measured using a thermal imaging camera (FLIR / Model: FLIR-T540) or a thermocouple (PCE PCE-T540), and the temperature was measured 1.5 cm below the glass plate (2T).

[0284] Table 1 is TiO2 Spherical and TiO2 This is the result of measuring the average IR reflectance and surface temperature according to the content ratio of rod-shaped materials.

[0285] In Table 1, samples 1 to 6 are films composed solely of a PVC reflective layer.

[0286] The above PVC reflective layer comprises 20 to 30 parts by weight of a plasticizer and 50 parts by weight of TiO2 per 100 parts by weight of PVC resin.

[0287] [Table 1]

[0288]

[0289] Referring to Table 1, Sample 1 had a very low average IR reflectance and a surface temperature close to 90°C because it contained only TiO2 spheres in the PVC reflective layer.

[0290] Samples 2 to 6 are TiO2 Spherical and TiO2 This is an example that includes all rod-shaped types.

[0291] Specifically, Sample 2 is TiO2 Spherical and TiO2 It contains rod-shaped materials in a weight ratio of 90:10, and Sample 3 is TiO2 Spherical and TiO2 It includes rod-shaped types in a weight ratio of 70:30.

[0292] Samples 2 and 3 showed an average IR reflectance of 50% or more and a surface temperature of 82℃ or less.

[0293] Sample 4 is TiO2 Spherical and TiO2 It includes rod-shaped forms in a weight ratio of 49:51, and Sample 5 is TiO2 Spherical and TiO2 It includes rod-shaped types in a weight ratio of 30:70.

[0294] Sample 6 is TiO2 Spherical and TiO2 It includes rod-shaped components in a weight ratio of 10:90.

[0295] Samples 4 to 6 have TiO2 on the PVC reflective layer Spherical and TiO2 Including rod-shaped but TiO2 By including a higher content of rod-shaped particles, the average IR reflectance was 59% or higher, and the surface temperature was 78℃ or lower.

[0296] From the results in Table 1, TiO2 in the PVC reflective layer Spherical and TiO2 Including all rod-shaped types has the effect of increasing the average IR reflectance and lowering the surface temperature, and in particular, TiO2 It can be confirmed that the higher the rod content, the better the IR average reflectance and surface temperature characteristics.

[0297] 2. Manufacture of deco sheets

[0298] <Measurement Method>

[0299] 3) Total Solar Reflectance (TSR) was measured using a Perkin Elmer Lambda 1050+ UV-VIS-NIR Spectrometer (PMT / InGaAs detection integrating sphere 150 mm, incident angle 8° / depolarizer applied, RAL GZ-716 (DIN EN 410) standard).

[0300] 4) Surface temperature was compared by determining the point of peak temperature when the deco sheet was exposed to external sunlight between 12:00 and 15:00 on a day when the air temperature was 30℃ and sunlight was strongest. A thermal imaging camera (FLIR / Model: FLIR-T540) or a thermocouple (PCE PCE-T540) was used to measure surface temperature.

[0301] Table 2 shows TiO2 in the PVC reflective layer Spherical and TiO2 This is the result of measuring the total solar reflectance (TSR) and surface temperature according to the content ratio of rod-shaped materials.

[0302] In Table 2, samples 1a to 3a are deco sheets in which a PVC reflective layer, a PVC transparent layer, and an acrylic film layer are sequentially laminated by laminating each layer using a two-roll mill and a heat laminator.

[0303] The above PVC reflective layer comprises 20 to 30 parts by weight of a plasticizer and 30 parts by weight of TiO2 per 100 parts by weight of PVC resin. The above PVC transparent layer comprises 20 to 30 parts by weight of a plasticizer and 10 parts by weight of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment (500 to 700 g / mol) per 100 parts by weight of PVC resin.

[0304] The above acrylic film layer includes a high-weather-resistant acrylic resin as a general-purpose resin, but is not limited thereto.

[0305] [Table 2]

[0306]

[0307] From the results of samples 1a to 3a corresponding to deco sheets, sample 1a had the lowest total solar reflectance (TSR) and the highest surface temperature when irradiated with sunlight because it contained only TiO2 spheres in the PVC reflective layer.

[0308] In contrast, samples 2a and 3a have TiO2 on the PVC reflective layer. Spherical and TiO2 By including rod-shaped materials in a weight ratio of 40:60 to 60:40, the total solar reflectance (TSR) was 32% or higher, and the surface temperature was 65.5℃ or lower.

[0309] In particular, TiO2 in the PVC reflective layer TiO2 compared to spherical content Sample 3a, which had a larger rod content, was the best in total solar reflectance (TSR) and surface temperature.

[0310] In addition, since the PVC reflective layer in the deco sheet is located beneath the PVC transparent layer containing pigment, wavelengths in the visible light region may hardly reach the PVC reflective layer.

[0311] Accordingly, the TiO2 in Table 2 above Spherical and TiO2 The total solar reflectance (TSR) when the bar-shaped weight ratio is TiO2 in the PVC reflective layer alone in Table 1 above. Spherical and TiO2 It is judged that the trend will be similar to the average infrared (IR) reflectance when the weight ratio is rod-shaped.

[0312] That is, TiO2 in Table 1 above Spherical and TiO2 As the average infrared (IR) reflectance is excellent when satisfying the bar-shaped weight ratio, the total solar reflectance (TSR) of the deco sheet is also expected to be excellent.

[0313] The results of specimens 1 to 8 in Table 3 below were obtained by measuring a deco sheet in which a PVC reflective layer, a PVC transparent layer, and an acrylic film layer are sequentially laminated from the bottom.

[0314] At this time, the thickness of each layer is 70 to 100㎛ for the PVC-based reflective layer, 70 to 100㎛ for the PVC-based transparent layer, and 50 to 70㎛ for the acrylic film layer, and the total thickness of the deco sheet is 190 to 270㎛.

[0315] The above PVC reflective layer comprises, with respect to 100 parts by weight of PVC resin, TiO2 (spherical: It contains 30 parts by weight (bar type = 40 : 60 weight ratio).

[0316] The above PVC permeable layer comprises 10 parts by weight of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (Mw 500 ~ 700 g / mol) pigment per 100 parts by weight of PVC resin.

[0317] The above acrylic film layer includes a high-weather-resistant acrylic resin as a general-purpose resin, but is not limited thereto.

[0318] [Table 3]

[0319]

[0320] In the results of Table 3, the deco sheet of specimen 8, which contains polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigments in the PVC-based transparent layer, showed the highest total solar reflectance (TSR) and exhibited a heat reflection effect.

[0321] On the other hand, the sheets containing iron / manganese, aniline black, carbon black pigments, etc., of specimens 1 to 7 did not transmit infrared rays properly, so the total solar reflectance (TSR) was measured to be very low, and the surface temperature for sunlight was measured to be relatively high.

[0322] <Measurement Method>

[0323] 5) In the CIE L*a*b* color space, lightness (L*) was measured using a colorimeter (Konika Minolta CM-5) in the Reflection and SCI mode.

[0324] Table 4 shows the total solar reflectance (TSR) and lightness (L*) measured according to the content of the above polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment, and the manufacturing conditions excluding the pigment content are the same as the manufacturing conditions of specimen 8 in Table 3.

[0325] [Table 4]

[0326]

[0327] Referring to Table 4, the total solar reflectance (TSR) tended to increase as the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment content decreased.

[0328] When the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment content was 1 to 20 parts by weight, the total solar reflectance (TSR) was 20% or more.

[0329] In particular, when the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment content is 10 parts by weight or less, it was confirmed that the total solar reflectance (TSR) is 30% or more and the lightness L* value is 30 or less, indicating excellent opacity without being dark.

[0330] On the other hand, when the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment content was 23 parts by weight or more, the total solar reflectance (TSR) was less than 20%, and it was confirmed that as the content gradually increased from 23 parts by weight, the total solar reflectance (TSR) decreased rapidly to around 10%.

[0331] In addition, it was confirmed that processing of the deco sheet is not easy when the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment content exceeds 20 parts by weight.

[0332] From these results, it is preferable that the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment content be 20 parts by weight or less, and more preferable that it be 10 parts by weight or less.

[0333] The results of Table 4 ultimately show that the effect of improving the total solar reflectance (TSR) can be achieved by including a dark-colored polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment in the PVC-based transparent layer of the deco sheet of the present invention.

[0334] Furthermore, it was confirmed through Table 4 above that the range of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment content of 1 to 10 parts by weight has excellent total solar reflectance (TSR) and opacity.

[0335] Figure 2 is a graph showing the reflectance according to each specimen.

[0336] In Figure 2, specimen A was prepared under the same conditions as specimen 8 in Table 3, except that the PVC reflective layer contains only 10 parts by weight of spherical TiO2.

[0337] The reflectance of Figure 2 was measured using a Perkin Elmer Lambda 1050+ UV-VIS-NIR Spectrometer.

[0338] Referring to Fig. 2, specimen 8 is an example in which spherical TiO2 and rod-shaped TiO2 are included in a weight ratio of 40:60 in a PVC reflective layer, and exhibited high solar reflectance in both wavelength ranges below 1000 nm and wavelength ranges above 1000 nm.

[0339] Specifically, the average IR reflectance at wavelengths of 760 to 1000 nm and 1875 to 2125 nm was 60% or more, and more specifically, the average IR reflectance at wavelengths of 770 to 1000 nm and 1880 to 2120 nm was 60% or more.

[0340] And at wavelengths of 1250 to 1500 nm, the average IR reflectance was 55% or higher, and more specifically, the average IR reflectance was 58% or higher.

[0341] In contrast, since Sample A used spherical TiO2 alone, it exhibited high infrared (IR) reflectance at short wavelengths (visible light region) and showed a result where the infrared (IR) reflectance decreased as the wavelength increased.

[0342] These results showed a tendency consistent with the results that the average infrared (IR) reflectance was low and the surface temperature was high in the PVC-based reflective layer alone, as in Sample 1 of Table 1, and the total solar reflectance (TSR) was low in the deco sheet, as in Sample 1a of Table 2.

[0343] Since Sample 1 used a black inorganic pigment as a reflective material, it exhibited high infrared (IR) reflectance only at long wavelengths of 1250 nm or longer.

[0344] Since specimen 7 uses carbon black and absorbs almost all sunlight, resulting in a very low reflectivity, it is expected that the surface temperature of the deco sheet to which it is applied will become very high under sunlight, making it prone to causing thermal deformation in the substrate.

[0345] Therefore, it is desirable to use a mixture of spherical and rod-shaped TiO2 in the PVC-based reflective layer of the deco sheet.

[0346] Figure 3 is a chromatogram result obtained by analyzing the deco sheet of specimen 8 of the present invention using Py-GCMS.

[0347] When the temperature was continuously increased at a heating rate of 20℃ / min in the intervals of 50 to 250℃, 250 to 400℃, and 400 to 700℃, the chromatogram showed peaks with m / z values ​​of 112, 126, and 252 when the m / z value was extracted as 252 at 400 to 700℃.

[0348] From these results, it can be seen that the deco sheet of the present invention comprises a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment having the corresponding peak.

[0349] 3. Manufacture of functional films

[0350] Figure 4 is a printed layer for measuring reflectance by position.

[0351] Figures 5 to 7 are graphs of reflectance measured at each location of the printed layer of Figure 4.

[0352] In FIGS. 5 to 7, the example is a functional film (thickness 50 to 150 μm) composed of a PVC reflective layer and a printing layer.

[0353] The PVC reflective layer of the example comprises, with respect to 100 parts by weight of PVC resin, 20 to 30 parts by weight of a plasticizer and TiO2 (spherical: Rod type = 30:70 weight ratio) includes 50 parts by weight.

[0354] The comparative example was prepared in the same manner as the example, except that the PVC reflective layer contains only spherical TiO2 without rod-shaped elements.

[0355] From the results of FIGS. 5 to 7, it can be confirmed that an example satisfying the condition that the content of rod-shaped reflective material in the PVC-based reflective layer is greater than the content of spherical reflective material exhibits a higher IR reflectance compared to a comparative example containing only spherical reflective material.

[0356] Figure 8 is the surface temperature measured by a thermal imaging camera after irradiating a functional film (thickness 50 to 150 μm) composed of a PVC reflective layer and a printed layer (Figure 4) with an IR lamp for 60 minutes.

[0357] Table 5 below lists the surface and internal temperatures of the functional films measured in Figure 8.

[0358] The PVC reflective layer of the example comprises, with respect to 100 parts by weight of PVC resin, 20 to 30 parts by weight of a plasticizer and TiO2 (spherical: Rod type = 30:70 weight ratio) includes 50 parts by weight.

[0359] The comparative example was prepared in the same manner as the example, except that the PVC reflective layer contains only spherical TiO2 without rod-shaped elements.

[0360] [Table 5]

[0361]

[0362] Referring to Figure 8 and Table 5, the surface temperature of the functional film of the example was 85°C or lower, whereas the surface temperature of the functional film of the comparative example exceeded 90°C.

[0363] The difference in surface temperature between the example and the comparative example was 8°C or more.

[0364] Figure 9 is a graph of the reflectance of a functional film composed of a PVC reflective layer, measured with a UV-Vis-NIR spectrum instrument.

[0365] The PVC reflective layer of the functional film comprises, with respect to 100 parts by weight of PVC resin, 20 to 30 parts by weight of a plasticizer and TiO2 (spherical: Rod type = 30:70 weight ratio) includes 50 parts by weight.

[0366] Referring to Fig. 9, the average IR reflectance at wavelengths of 760 to 1500 nm is 80% or more, the average IR reflectance at wavelengths of 1800 to 2200 nm is 70% or more, and the average IR reflectance at wavelengths of 2300 to 2400 nm is 40% or more.

[0367] Table 6 shows the measured average IR reflectance and surface temperature of a functional film composed of a PVC reflective layer and a printed layer (each color in Table 6).

[0368] The PVC reflective layer of the functional film comprises 20 to 30 parts by weight of a plasticizer and 50 parts by weight of TiO2 per 100 parts by weight of PVC resin. Samples 7-10 contain only spherical TiO2 in the PVC-based reflective layer, and samples 12-15 contain spherical TiO2 and rod-shaped TiO2 in a weight ratio of 30:70.

[0369] [Table 6]

[0370]

[0371] Referring to Table 6, it can be seen that samples 12-15, which contain both spherical TiO2 and rod-shaped TiO2, have higher average IR reflectance and surface temperature compared to samples 7-10, which contain only spherical TiO2 in the PVC-based reflective layer.

[0372] In addition, samples 12-15 containing both spherical TiO2 and rod-shaped TiO2 had a lower surface temperature compared to samples 7-10 containing only spherical TiO2 in the PVC-based reflective layer.

[0373] These results ultimately demonstrate that the functional film composed of the PVC-based reflective layer of the present invention can achieve a thermal reflection effect against infrared (IR) by controlling the content ratio of spherical and rod-shaped reflective materials constituting the PVC-based reflective layer.

[0374] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the illustrated drawings, the present invention is not limited by the embodiments and drawings disclosed in this specification, and it is obvious that various modifications can be made by a person skilled in the art within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention. Furthermore, even if the effects of the configuration according to the present invention were not explicitly described while explaining the embodiments of the present invention above, it is natural to acknowledge that the effects predictable by said configuration should also be recognized.

Claims

1. PVC-based reflective layer; A PVC-based transparent layer disposed on the above-mentioned PVC-based reflective layer; and An acrylic film layer disposed on the above-mentioned PVC-based transparent layer; comprising The above PVC-based reflective layer comprises one or more reflective materials selected from titanium (Ti), gold (Au), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni), and oxides thereof, and The above PVC-based permeable layer is a deco sheet containing a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment.

2. In Paragraph 1, A decosheet in which peaks having m / z values ​​of 112, 126, and 252 are expressed when the temperature is continuously increased at a heating rate of 20℃ / min in the intervals of 50 to 250℃, 250 to 400℃, and 400 to 700℃, respectively, using Py-GCMS, and when the m / z value at 400 to 700℃ is extracted as 252 in the chromatogram.

3. In Paragraph 1, The above PVC-based reflective layer is a deco sheet comprising one or more types of spherical reflective materials and rod-shaped reflective materials.

4. In Paragraph 1, The above PVC-based reflective layer is a deco sheet comprising 5 parts by weight or more and less than 60 parts by weight of a reflective material per 100 parts by weight of PVC resin.

5. In Paragraph 1, A deco sheet comprising, in the above PVC-based reflective layer, a spherical reflective material and a rod-shaped reflective material, wherein the spherical reflective material : rod-shaped reflective material is included in a weight ratio of 1 : 99 to 99 :

1.

6. In Paragraph 1, The above PVC-based permeable layer is a deco sheet comprising 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pigment per 100 parts by weight of PVC resin.

7. In Paragraph 1, A deco sheet having a total solar reflectance (TSR) of 20% or more, calculated by weighting by wavelength according to DIN EN 410 standards.

8. In Paragraph 1, A deco sheet in which the lightness (L*) of the deco sheet is 70 or less in the CIE L*a*b* color space when measured with a colorimeter.

9. In Paragraph 1, When measuring deco sheets using UV-Vis-NIR spectrum equipment, The average IR reflectance at wavelengths of 760 to 1000 nm and 1875 to 2125 nm is 60% or higher, and A deco sheet having an average IR reflectance of 55% or more at a wavelength of 1250 to 1500 nm.

10. In Paragraph 1, A deco sheet with a tensile strength of 10 to 30 MPa.

11. In Paragraph 1, A deco sheet having a shrinkage rate of 5% or less when the change in length is measured at room temperature after being immersed in 100°C water for 10 minutes and then removed.

12. In Paragraph 1, A deco sheet that satisfies a gray scale grade of 3 or higher when evaluated according to ISO 105-A02 after undergoing a 10,000-hour weather resistance evaluation according to DIN EN513.

13. In Paragraph 1, A deco sheet further comprising a printed layer between the above-mentioned PVC-based transparent layer and acrylic-based coating layer.

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