Fatty acid-modified coronavirus antigen and use thereof

By modifying coronavirus antigens with fatty acids and utilizing the SpyCatcher/SpyTag linker system, the problems of small molecular weight and low immunogenicity of RBDs were solved, achieving efficient and comprehensive immune protection and mucosal immunity, which is suitable for the development of coronavirus vaccines.

WO2026123994A1 Publication Date: 2026-06-18ACADEMY OF MILITARY MEDICAL SCIENCES
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
WO · WO
Patent Type
Applications
Current Assignee / Owner
ACADEMY OF MILITARY MEDICAL SCIENCES
Filing Date
2025-10-29
Publication Date
2026-06-18

AI Technical Summary

⚠Technical Problem

In the existing technology, the small molecular weight and low immunogenicity of coronavirus RBD make it difficult to develop subunit vaccines using RBD as antigen, especially mucosal vaccines, which have poor immunization effects. Furthermore, the immunoimprinting effect of carrier proteins and adjuvant side effects have hindered the development of mucosal vaccines.

⚗Method used

The coronavirus antigen was modified by fatty acid modification. The modification was achieved by diacylglycerol modification of the N-terminal cysteine ​​residue, and the coronavirus antigen was covalently linked to the SpyCatcher protein using the SpyCatcher/SpyTag linker system. This process was then displayed on the surface of nanoparticles, thereby improving the immunogenicity and stability of the antigen.

🎯Benefits of technology

It achieves highly efficient and comprehensive immune protection. A single intramuscular injection can produce high titers of IgG binding antibodies and neutralizing antibodies. After respiratory immunization, high titers of RBD-specific IgG and IgA binding antibodies can be detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, which significantly improves the mucosal immune effect and is suitable for large-scale immunization.

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Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are a fatty acid-modified coronavirus antigen and use thereof, pertaining to the field of biomedicine. The fatty acid-modified coronavirus antigen comprises a fatty acid-modified N-terminal cysteine (Cys) and a coronavirus antigen, and may comprise a linking domain. The coronavirus antigen is a coronavirus spike protein (S protein) receptor-binding domain (RBD). The fatty acid-modified coronavirus S protein RBD can self-assemble into nanoparticles. Compared with an RBD without fatty acid modification, the antigen can induce faster and higher humoral immunity by means of injection immunization, and can also induce mucosal immunity and humoral immunity by means of respiratory nebulization immunization, making it a candidate mucosal vaccine with potential medical value.
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