Short-circuit-resistant all-solid-state electrode, electrolyte membrane, all-solid-state battery comprising electrode and electrolyte membrane, and preparation method

Abstract

A short-circuit-resistant all-solid-state electrode, an electrolyte membrane, an all-solid-state battery comprising the electrode and the electrolyte membrane, and a preparation method. By providing a solid electrolyte layer and alternately stacked positive and negative electrode sheets, the short-circuit rate of the solid-state battery can be reduced, and the cycle performance of the battery can be improved.

Claims

1. A short-circuit resistant all-solid-state battery, characterized in that, The all-solid-state battery includes a solid electrolyte layer and alternating stacked positive and negative electrode plates.

2. The short-circuit resistant all-solid-state battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid electrolyte layer is located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the size of the positive electrode is smaller than the size of the negative electrode, and the size of the solid electrolyte layer is equal to the size of the negative electrode. An insulating frame layer is provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The insulating frame layer is a hollow quadrilateral frame structure. The inner frame size of the quadrilateral frame is smaller than the size of the positive electrode, and the outer frame size is larger than the size of the positive electrode. After stacking and pressurizing, the insulating frame layer is embedded or partially embedded in the adjacent solid electrolyte layer.

3. The short-circuit resistant all-solid-state battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The insulating frame layer is entirely located between the positive electrode plate and the solid electrolyte layer.

4. The short-circuit resistant all-solid-state battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The insulating frame layer is alternately located between the positive electrode and the solid electrolyte layer, and between the negative electrode and the solid electrolyte layer.

5. The short-circuit resistant all-solid-state battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thickness of the insulating frame layer is 0.5-20 μm.

6. The short-circuit resistant all-solid-state battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The difference between the outer frame size and the inner frame size of the quadrilateral frame of the insulating frame layer is 0.5-20mm.

7. The short-circuit resistant all-solid-state battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer frame dimension of the quadrilateral frame of the insulating frame layer is greater than or equal to the dimension of the negative electrode sheet.

8. The short-circuit resistant all-solid-state battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The all-solid-state battery includes a solid electrolyte layer and alternating stacked positive and negative electrode plates, with the solid electrolyte layer positioned between the positive and negative electrode plates; the solid electrolyte layer and the negative electrode plates are of equal size; The positive electrode sheet includes a positive current collector and a coating layer on both sides of the positive current collector. The coating layer includes a positive electrode material region and an insulating material region on the outer periphery of two opposite sides of the positive electrode material region. The two opposite sides are the side where the tab is located and the side opposite to it. Along the direction of the side where the tab is located and the side opposite to it, the size of the positive electrode sheet is greater than or equal to the size of the solid electrolyte layer. Along the direction perpendicular to the side where the tab is located and the side opposite to it, the size of the positive electrode sheet is greater than the size of the solid electrolyte layer. The positive electrode sheet is covered with insulating tape on both the upper and lower surfaces on both sides perpendicular to the side where the tab is located and the opposite side. The insulating tape covers all or part of the edge of the positive electrode sheet in the width direction. After the sheets are stacked and pressed, the insulating tape is pressed into the adjacent solid electrolyte layer in all or part.

9. The short-circuit resistant all-solid-state battery according to claim 8, characterized in that, The thickness L of the insulating material region and the thickness M of the positive electrode material region satisfy the following relationship: L-50μm≤M≤L+30μm, where the units of L and M are μm.

10. The short-circuit resistant all-solid-state battery according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The width of the insulating material area is 0.5 to 10 mm.

11. The short-circuit resistant all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 8-10, characterized in that, The thickness of the insulating tape is 1–20 μm.

12. The short-circuit resistant all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 8-11, characterized in that, The width of the insulating tape is 0.5 to 10 mm.

13. The short-circuit resistant all-solid-state battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A short-circuit-protected solid electrolyte membrane, wherein the short-circuit-protected solid electrolyte membrane is located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; The short-circuit protection solid electrolyte membrane includes a solid electrolyte central region and an inert insulating frame surrounding the solid electrolyte central region. The solid electrolyte membrane is designed to prevent short circuits, and the positive and negative electrodes are of the same size.

14. The short-circuit resistant all-solid-state battery according to claim 13, characterized in that, The thickness 'a' of the solid electrolyte central region and the thickness 'b' of the inert insulating frame satisfy: 0 ≤ ba ≤ 30 μm; The width L1 of the inert insulation frame in the length direction is: 1mm≤L1≤15mm, and the width L2 of the inert insulation frame in the width direction is: 1mm≤L2≤15mm.

15. The short-circuit resistant all-solid-state battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: A short-circuit-protected solid electrolyte membrane and alternating stacked positive and negative electrodes, wherein the short-circuit-protected solid electrolyte membrane is located between the positive and negative electrodes; The short-circuit protection solid electrolyte membrane includes an active center region and an inert insulating frame surrounding the active center region. The active center region includes a solid electrolyte and a binder. The solid electrolyte membrane is designed to prevent short circuits, and the positive and negative electrodes are of the same size.

16. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 15, characterized in that, The thickness 'a' of the active center region and the thickness 'b' of the inert insulating frame satisfy: 0 ≤ ba ≤ 30 μm; The width L1 of the inert insulation frame in the length direction is: 1mm≤L1≤15mm, and the width L2 of the inert insulation frame in the width direction is: 1mm≤L2≤15mm.

17. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that, The solid electrolyte is selected from any one or a combination of at least two of the following: polymer solid electrolyte, perovskite solid electrolyte, anti-perovskite solid electrolyte, oxide solid electrolyte, NASICON solid electrolyte, LISICON solid electrolyte, halide solid electrolyte, and sulfide solid electrolyte.

18. The all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 15-17, characterized in that, The adhesive is selected from any one or a combination of at least two of the following: butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), nitrile rubber (NBR), styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS), hydrogenated styrene-butadiene rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polyacrylic acid (PAA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyimide (PI), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).

19. The all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 15-18, characterized in that, The inert insulating frame is made of thermosetting polymers, including any one or a combination of at least two of the following: rubber, polypropylene (PP), polyoxymethylene resin (POM plastic), epoxy resin, polycarbonate (PC plastic), epoxy phenolic resin, polyamide / nylon (PA), polyimide, polystyrene (PS), cyanate ester, bismaleimide, vinyl ester, polyester resin, polyurethane, polyurea / polyurethane hybrid, phenolic resin, thermosetting plastics, urea-formaldehyde resin, and melamine resin.

20. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The size of the positive electrode is smaller than the size of the negative electrode, and the size of the solid electrolyte layer is equal to the size of the negative electrode. An insulating frame layer is provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The insulating frame layer is a hollow quadrilateral frame structure. The inner frame size of the quadrilateral frame is smaller than the size of the positive electrode, and the outer frame size is larger than the size of the positive electrode. The thickness of the insulating frame layer is 0.5 to 20 μm. The insulating frame layer is made of one or more of the following materials: polytetrafluoroethylene and its copolymers, polyvinylidene fluoride and its copolymers, polyethylene and its copolymers, polypropylene and its copolymers, polyimide, polyetherimide, aramid, PET, and PEEK. The insulating frame layer has a tensile strength ≥20MPa, an elastic modulus ≥0.1GPa, and a compressive strength ≥10MPa. After stacking and pressurizing, the insulating frame layer is embedded or partially embedded in the adjacent solid electrolyte layer.

21. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 20, characterized in that, The insulating frame layer is entirely located between the positive electrode plate and the solid electrolyte layer.

22. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that, The insulating frame layer is alternately located between the positive electrode and the solid electrolyte layer, and between the negative electrode and the solid electrolyte layer.

23. The all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 20-22, characterized in that, The outer frame dimension of the quadrilateral frame of the insulating frame layer is greater than or equal to the dimension of the negative electrode sheet.

24. The all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 20-23, characterized in that, The difference between the outer frame size and the inner frame size of the quadrilateral frame of the insulating frame layer is 0.5-20mm.

25. The all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 20-24, characterized in that, The positive electrode sheet includes a positive current collector and positive electrode material layers on both sides. The positive electrode material layers include the following components by mass percentage: 70-94% positive electrode active material, 1-3% conductive agent, 1-3% binder, and 4-28% sulfide electrolyte. The positive electrode active material is selected from at least one of ternary materials, lithium iron phosphate, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese iron phosphate, lithium-rich manganese-based materials, and sulfur positive electrode materials.

26. The all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 20-24, characterized in that, The negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and negative electrode material layers on both sides. The negative electrode material layers include the following components by mass percentage: 60-90% negative electrode active material, 1-3% conductive agent, 1-3% binder, and 4-38% sulfide electrolyte. The negative electrode active material is selected from at least one of carbon materials, silicon negative electrode materials, tin negative electrode materials, lithium metal negative electrode materials, and lithium-free negative electrode materials.

27. The all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 20-26, characterized in that, The solid electrolyte layer comprises the following components by weight percentage: 95-99.5% solid electrolyte and 0.5-5% binder; The solid electrolyte is selected from at least one of sulfide electrolytes, oxide electrolytes, chloride electrolytes, and polymer electrolytes.

28. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The size of the positive electrode is smaller than the size of the negative electrode, and the size of the solid electrolyte layer is equal to the size of the negative electrode. The positive electrode sheet includes a positive current collector and two positive electrode material layers. Each positive electrode material layer has an elastic insulating frame layer. The elastic insulating frame layer is a hollow quadrilateral frame structure. The positive electrode material layer is partially covered by the elastic insulating frame layer. The inner frame size of the elastic insulating frame layer is smaller than the size of the positive electrode sheet, and the outer frame size is larger than the size of the positive electrode sheet. After stacking and pressing, the elastic insulating frame layer is compressed between the positive electrode material layer and the adjacent solid electrolyte layer.

29. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 28, characterized in that, The thickness of the elastic insulating frame layer before compression is 0.5-20 μm.

30. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 28 or 29, characterized in that, The material of the elastic insulating frame layer is selected from at least one of natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, nitrile rubber, chloroprene rubber, silicone rubber, polyurethane, styrene-butadiene block copolymer rubber and its modified materials, polyisobutylene rubber, or a mixture thereof with inorganic fillers.

31. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 28, characterized in that, The elastic modulus of the material of the elastic insulating frame layer is 1 to 100 MPa, and the elongation at break is 30% to 1000%.

32. The all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 28-31, characterized in that, The width of the elastic insulating frame layer before compression is 0.2-10mm.

33. The all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 28-31, characterized in that, The positive electrode material layer comprises the following components by weight percentage: 70-94% positive electrode active material, 1-3% conductive agent, 1-3% binder, and 4-28% sulfide electrolyte; The positive electrode active material is selected from at least one of ternary materials, lithium iron phosphate, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese iron phosphate, lithium-rich manganese-based materials, and sulfur positive electrode materials.

34. The all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 28-31, characterized in that, The negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and negative electrode material layers on both sides. The negative electrode material layers include the following components by mass percentage: 60-90% negative electrode active material, 1-3% conductive agent, 1-3% binder, and 4-38% sulfide electrolyte. The negative electrode active material is selected from at least one of carbon materials, silicon negative electrode materials, tin negative electrode materials, lithium metal negative electrode materials, and lithium-free negative electrode materials.

35. The all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 28-31, characterized in that, The solid electrolyte layer comprises the following components by weight percentage: 95-99.5% solid electrolyte and 0.5-5% binder; The solid electrolyte is selected from at least one of sulfide electrolytes, oxide electrolytes, chloride electrolytes, and polymer electrolytes.

36. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid electrolyte layer is located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; the solid electrolyte layer and the negative electrode are of equal size; The positive electrode sheet includes a positive current collector and a coating layer on both sides of the positive current collector. The coating layer includes a positive electrode material region and an insulating material region on the outer periphery of two opposite sides of the positive electrode material region. The two opposite sides are the side where the tab is located and the side opposite to it. Along the direction of the side where the tab is located and the side opposite to it, the size of the positive electrode sheet is greater than or equal to the size of the solid electrolyte layer. Along the direction perpendicular to the side where the tab is located and the side opposite to it, the size of the positive electrode sheet is greater than the size of the solid electrolyte layer. The insulating material region is made of at least one of the following: PVDF and its modified materials, PAN and its modified materials, PI and its modified materials, natural rubber NR, styrene-butadiene rubber SBR, butyl rubber IIR, hydrogenated nitrile rubber HNBR, ethylene propylene rubber EPDM, nitrile rubber NBR, chloroprene rubber CR, silicone rubber, polyurethane, styrene-butadiene block copolymer rubber SBS and its modified performance material SEBS, polyisobutylene rubber PIB, or a mixture thereof with inorganic fillers; The positive electrode sheet is covered with insulating tape on both the upper and lower surfaces along the direction perpendicular to the side where the tab is located and the opposite side. The insulating tape covers all or part of the edge of the positive electrode sheet in the width direction. After the sheets are stacked and pressed, the insulating tape is pressed into the adjacent solid electrolyte layer in all or part. The insulating tape is made of at least one of PI, PE, PP, PET, and PEEK.

37. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 36, characterized in that, The thickness L of the insulating material region and the thickness M of the positive electrode material region satisfy the following relationship: L-50μm≤M≤L+30μm, where the units of L and M are μm.

38. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 36 or 37, characterized in that, The width of the insulating material area is 0.5 to 10 mm.

39. The all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 36-38, characterized in that, The thickness of the insulating tape is 1–20 μm.

40. The all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 36-39, characterized in that, The width of the insulating tape is 0.5 to 10 mm.

41. The all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 36-39, characterized in that, The positive electrode material region comprises the following components by mass percentage: 70-94% positive electrode active material, 1-3% conductive agent, 1-3% binder, and 4-28% sulfide electrolyte; The positive electrode active material is selected from at least one of ternary materials, lithium iron phosphate, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese iron phosphate, lithium-rich manganese-based materials, and sulfur positive electrode materials.

42. The all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 36-39, characterized in that, The negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and negative electrode material layers on both sides. The negative electrode material layers include the following components by mass percentage: 60-90% negative electrode active material, 1-3% conductive agent, 1-3% binder, and 4-38% sulfide electrolyte. The negative electrode active material is selected from at least one of carbon materials, silicon negative electrode materials, tin negative electrode materials, lithium metal negative electrode materials, and lithium-free negative electrode materials.

43. The all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 36-39, characterized in that, The solid electrolyte layer comprises the following components by weight percentage: 95-99.5% solid electrolyte and 0.5-5% binder; The solid electrolyte is selected from at least one of sulfide electrolytes, oxide electrolytes, chloride electrolytes, and polymer electrolytes.

44. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode material layer disposed on the negative electrode current collector. The negative electrode material layer includes the following components by mass percentage: 60-90% negative electrode active material, 4-38% sulfide electrolyte, 1-3% conductive agent, and 1-3% binder.

45. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 44, characterized in that, The solid electrolyte layer comprises the following components by mass percentage: 95-99.5% solid electrolyte and 0.5-5% binder.

46. ​​A method for preparing an all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 1-45, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) An inert insulating frame is formed on the substrate layer; (2) A solid electrolyte slurry is coated inside an inert insulating frame to form an active center area. After drying, it is pressed and peeled off from the substrate to obtain a short-circuit-proof solid electrolyte membrane. (3) The positive and negative electrode sheets are cut to the same size as the short-circuit-proof solid electrolyte membrane; (4) The positive electrode, the short-circuit protection solid electrolyte membrane, and the negative electrode are stacked in turn from top to bottom to form a battery cell or electrode assembly. (5) Apply additional pressure to the cell or electrode assembly along the stacking direction to obtain an all-solid-state battery that prevents short circuits.

47. The preparation method according to claim 46, characterized in that, Step (1) includes: using a glue gun to extrude and coat the heated thermosetting polymer fluid onto the substrate layer, and drying it to form an inert insulating frame.

48. The preparation method according to claim 46, characterized in that, The base layer in step (1) is a PET film, PP film, PE film, aluminum foil, or nickel foil.

49. The preparation method according to claim 46, characterized in that, The solid electrolyte slurry in step (2) is obtained by dispersing a solid electrolyte and a binder in a solvent, which includes any one or a combination of at least two of the following: toluene, xylene, anisole, butyl butyrate, n-heptane, pentane, hexane, octane, cyclohexane, cyclohexanone, methylcyclohexanone, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, dichloromethane, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, diethyl ether, propylene oxide, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, acetone, methyl butyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and acetonitrile.

50. The preparation method according to claim 46, characterized in that, The additional pressure in step (5) is 2-500 MPa.

51. A method for preparing an all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 1-45, characterized in that, Includes one of the following methods: Method 1: A solid electrolyte layer is provided; a negative electrode material slurry is coated on both sides of the negative electrode current collector and dried to obtain a negative electrode sheet; a positive electrode material slurry is coated on both sides of the positive electrode current collector and dried to obtain a positive electrode sheet; the solid electrolyte layer is cut to make the size of the solid electrolyte layer equal to the size of the negative electrode sheet, and the size of the positive electrode sheet is smaller than the size of the negative electrode sheet; A hollow quadrilateral frame structure insulating frame layer is provided. The inner frame size of the insulating frame layer is smaller than the size of the positive electrode sheet, and the outer frame size is larger than the size of the positive electrode sheet. The thickness of the insulating frame layer is 0.5 to 20 μm. The insulating frame layer is composited on the four edges of the solid electrolyte layer to obtain a composite solid electrolyte layer. The negative electrode, composite solid electrolyte layer, positive electrode, composite solid electrolyte layer, and negative electrode are stacked in sequence, with the insulating frame layer connected to the positive electrode to obtain the battery cell. The battery cells are subjected to pressure treatment; Method 2: A solid electrolyte layer is provided; a negative electrode material slurry is coated on both sides of the negative electrode current collector and dried to obtain a negative electrode sheet; a positive electrode material slurry is coated on both sides of the positive electrode current collector and dried to obtain a positive electrode sheet; the solid electrolyte layer is cut to make the size of the solid electrolyte layer equal to the size of the negative electrode sheet, and the size of the positive electrode sheet is smaller than the size of the negative electrode sheet; A hollow quadrilateral frame structure insulating frame layer is provided. The inner frame size of the insulating frame layer is smaller than the size of the positive electrode sheet, and the outer frame size is larger than the size of the positive electrode sheet. The thickness of the insulating frame layer is 0.5 to 20 μm. The insulating frame layer is composited on the four edges of the solid electrolyte layer to obtain a composite solid electrolyte layer. The cells are formed by stacking the negative electrode, composite solid electrolyte layer, positive electrode, composite solid electrolyte layer, and negative electrode in sequence, with the insulating frame layer alternately connected to the positive and negative electrode. The battery cells are subjected to pressure treatment.

52. The preparation method according to claim 51, characterized in that, The pressing method includes one of isostatic pressing, flat plate pressing, or roller pressing; The pressurization temperature is 0–1000℃, the pressurization time is 0.5–30 minutes, and the pressure is 3–1000MPa.

53. A method for preparing an all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 51-52, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (a) Prepare a solid electrolyte layer by coating a negative electrode material slurry on both sides of the negative electrode current collector, drying it to obtain a negative electrode sheet, and cutting it so that the size of the solid electrolyte layer is equal to the size of the negative electrode sheet; (b) A positive electrode material slurry is coated on both sides of the positive electrode current collector and dried to obtain a positive electrode sheet with positive electrode material layers on both sides. The positive electrode sheet is cut so that its size is smaller than that of the negative electrode sheet. A hollow quadrilateral frame structure is prepared using an elastic insulating material to obtain an elastic insulating frame layer. The inner frame size of the elastic insulating frame layer is smaller than that of the positive electrode sheet, and the outer frame size is larger than that of the positive electrode sheet. The elastic insulating frame layer is composited onto the positive electrode material layers on both sides so that the elastic insulating frame layer partially covers the perimeter of the positive electrode material layer to obtain a composite positive electrode sheet. (c) Stack the negative electrode, solid electrolyte layer, composite positive electrode, solid electrolyte layer and negative electrode in sequence to obtain the battery cell; and apply pressure to the battery cell.

54. The preparation method according to claim 53, characterized in that, The pressing method in step (c) includes one of isostatic pressing, flat plate pressing, or roller pressing; The pressurization temperature is 0–1000℃, the pressurization time is 0.5–30 minutes, and the pressure is 3–1000MPa.

55. A method for preparing an all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 1-45, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (a) Prepare a solid electrolyte layer by coating a negative electrode material slurry on both sides of the negative electrode current collector and drying it to obtain a negative electrode sheet with a negative electrode material layer on both sides. Cut the solid electrolyte layer to make the size of the solid electrolyte layer equal to the size of the negative electrode sheet. (b) First, a positive electrode material slurry is coated on both sides of the positive electrode current collector. After drying, a positive electrode material region is formed. Then, an insulating material slurry is coated around the positive electrode material region located on the side where the tab is located and on the opposite side. After drying, an insulating material region is formed. Alternatively, a positive electrode material slurry is coated in the middle and an insulating material slurry is coated on the edge at the same time. After drying, a positive electrode sheet containing a positive electrode material region and an insulating material region is formed. The sheet is cut so that the dimensions of the positive electrode material region and the insulating material region along the direction perpendicular to the side where the tab is located and on the opposite side are larger than the dimensions of the solid electrolyte layer. The dimensions of the positive electrode material region along the direction where the tab is located and on the opposite side are greater than or equal to the dimensions of the solid electrolyte layer. Insulating tape is pasted on the upper and lower surfaces of the positive electrode sheet along the two sides perpendicular to the side where the tab is located and on the opposite side, so that the width of the insulating tape covers all or part of the edge of the positive electrode sheet, thus obtaining a composite positive electrode sheet. (c) Stack the negative electrode, solid electrolyte layer, composite positive electrode, solid electrolyte layer and negative electrode in sequence to obtain the battery cell; and apply pressure to the battery cell.

56. The preparation method according to claim 55, characterized in that, The pressurization method in step (c) includes one of isostatic pressing, flat plate pressing, and roller pressing. The pressurization temperature is 0 to 1000℃, the pressurization time is 0.5 to 30 minutes, and the pressurization pressure is 3 to 1000 MPa.

57. A method for preparing an all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 1-45, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) A solid electrolyte layer is composited on both sides of the negative electrode sheet to obtain a composite negative electrode sheet; (2) The short-circuit-proof positive electrode and the composite negative electrode are stacked by a stacking process to obtain a bare cell; the bare cell is welded with tabs, placed in an aluminum-plastic film, and vacuum-sealed. All-solid-state batteries were obtained using isostatic pressing.

58. A short-circuit resistant positive electrode for a solid-state battery according to any one of claims 1-45, characterized in that, The short-circuit-proof positive electrode includes: a positive current collector, on both sides of which a positive coating and a surface protective layer are sequentially disposed; the positive coating includes a positive material central area and an edge protection area, the edge protection area surrounds the positive material central area, and the surface protective layer completely covers the positive material central area and the edge protection area. The materials forming the edge protection zone include solid electrolytes and binders; The materials forming the surface protective layer include solid electrolytes and binders.

59. The short-circuit resistant positive electrode according to claim 58, characterized in that, The central region of the positive electrode material comprises the following components by mass percentage: 50-92% positive electrode active material, 7-43% solid electrolyte, 0.5-3.5% conductive agent, and 0.5-3.5% binder.

60. The short-circuit resistant positive electrode according to claim 58 or 59, characterized in that, The edge protection zone comprises the following components by weight percentage: 95-99.5% solid electrolyte and 0.5-5% binder.

61. The short-circuit resistant positive electrode according to any one of claims 58-60, characterized in that, The surface protective layer comprises the following components by weight percentage: 95-99.5% solid electrolyte and 0.5-5% binder.

62. The short-circuit resistant positive electrode according to any one of claims 58-61, characterized in that, The thickness of the edge protection zone is 1–300 μm; the width of the edge protection zone is 0.5–5 mm. The thickness of the surface protective layer is 1–100 μm.

63. A short-circuit resistant positive electrode for use in any one of the all-solid-state batteries according to claims 1-45, characterized in that, The short-circuit-proof positive electrode includes: a positive current collector, on both sides of which a positive coating and a surface solid electrolyte protection layer are sequentially disposed. The positive coating includes a central region of the positive electrode material and an edge solid electrolyte protection zone. The edge solid electrolyte protection zone surrounds the central region of the positive electrode material, and the surface solid electrolyte protection layer completely covers the central region of the positive electrode material and the edge solid electrolyte protection zone.

64. The short-circuit resistant positive electrode according to claim 63, characterized in that, The thickness of the edge solid electrolyte protection zone is 1–300 μm; the width of the edge solid electrolyte protection zone is 0.5–5 mm.

65. The short-circuit resistant positive electrode according to claim 63 or 64, characterized in that, The thickness of the surface solid electrolyte protective layer is 1–100 μm.

66. The short-circuit resistant positive electrode according to any one of claims 63-65, characterized in that, The solid electrolyte layer is located between the short-circuit-protected positive electrode and the negative electrode.

67. A method for preparing a short-circuit resistant positive electrode sheet according to any one of claims 58-66, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The positive electrode active material, solid electrolyte, conductive agent and binder are thoroughly mixed and dispersed to obtain a positive electrode material slurry; The positive electrode material slurry is coated on both sides of the positive electrode current collector, and then rolled to obtain the central region of the positive electrode material; The solid electrolyte and binder are thoroughly mixed and dispersed to obtain a solid electrolyte slurry; Solid electrolyte slurry is applied to the periphery of the central region of the positive electrode material by extrusion coating to obtain an edge protection zone; then solid electrolyte slurry is applied to the surface of the central region and the edge protection zone of the positive electrode material by extrusion coating to obtain a short-circuit resistant positive electrode sheet.

68. An electrolyte membrane, characterized in that, The electrolyte membrane is an electrolyte membrane manufactured by the method described in any one of claims 46-50.

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