Smartglasses having an esim and a satellite communication module

Abstract

The invention relates to improved smartglasses having a front part (2) and two temples (3, 4), wherein the following communication modules are integrated into the front part (2) and / or the temples (3, 4) or are fastened to the front part (2) and / or the temples (3, 4): a) a radio module (5) for wireless communication by means of WLAN (Wi-Fi); b) an eSIM (6) for the direct use of mobile data services without a physical SIM card; and / or c) a satellite communication module (7) for global data and voice communication via satellites, in particular for regions without a mobile radio network cover.

Description

[0001] Smart glasses with an eSIM and a satellite communication module

[0002] The invention relates to a pair of data glasses with the features of claim 1. The invention further relates to a method for operating such data glasses.

[0003] From US11480791 B2 and US20220253130A1, it is known that data glasses, namely a wearable augmented reality (XR) device, are wirelessly connected to an external network interface. The network interface can, in turn, provide bidirectional data communication to a communication network. In one embodiment, the network interface can include an ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) card, a cellular modem, a satellite modem, or a modem to provide a data communication connection via the internet. As another example, the network interface can include a WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) card. In another embodiment, the network interface can include an Ethernet port connected to radio frequency receivers and transmitters and / or optical (e.g., infrared) receivers and transmitters.The specific design and implementation of the network interface may depend on the communication network or networks over which the input device is to operate. Reference is made to the various types of networks that the system can support, including telephone networks, the internet, satellite communications, and other wireless communication networks. These networks could potentially be used for data transmission to and from smart glasses. The document also describes the use of cloud servers connected via networks that can store or process data. Smart glasses could access cloud services via satellite communications to receive or send information.

[0004] US patent 2024 / 0160024 discloses smart glasses consisting of a front panel and two temples, equipped with a communication module. This module enables connectivity to external devices via both short-range and long-range networks. Short-range features such as Wi-Fi Direct and Bluetooth are supported, as is communication via cellular networks, including 4G and 5G, and the internet. The glasses can utilize advanced 5G technologies, including Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), Massive Machine Type Communications (mMTC), and Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC). High-frequency ranges, particularly in the millimeter wave (mmWave) range, as well as technologies such as beamforming, Massive MIMO, and array antennas are employed to enhance performance. The glasses include a SIM module for authentication on cellular networks.The antenna module can contain multiple antennas, including array antennas, which can be selected for different communication types. mmWave-capable antenna modules with an integrated RFIC and a printed circuit board structure to support high frequency bands are also described. The smart glasses also allow for the offloading of calculations or services to external devices such as other glasses or servers and support cloud computing, mobile edge computing (MEC), and IoT services. Applications for the glasses include smart services such as smart homes, smart cities, smart cars, and healthcare. Other components of the glasses include a processor, memory, camera, sensors, display, and audio modules, with individual components being modular or combinable. The communication module can be operated both wirelessly and via a wired connection. The option of using a GNSS positioning system is also available.

[0005] GNSS and GPS are positioning systems based on satellite signals that allow a receiver to determine position, speed, and time information. These are passive systems: the receiver receives signals from the satellites but does not transmit any data back. The amount of data is very small, usually only a few bytes per second, as only position and timing information is transmitted. GNSS / GPS systems serve solely to determine the location and orientation of a device without any active data exchange with the satellites.

[0006] The current state of the art has the disadvantage that, in addition to the actual data glasses, another network interface must be provided to offer different communication options.

[0007] The invention is based on the objective of improving the data glasses and the method for operating the data glasses.

[0008] This problem underlying the invention is now solved by a pair of smart glasses with the features of claim 1, namely by smart glasses with a front part and two temples, wherein the following communication modules are integrated into or attached to the front part and / or the temples: a) a radio module for wireless communication via WLAN (Wi-Fi), integrated to ensure high data transmission rates and stable connections; b) an eSIM for the direct use of mobile data services without a physical SIM card; and / or c) a satellite communication module for global data and voice communication via satellites, in particular for areas without mobile network coverage.

[0009] This offers the advantage of seamless communication regardless of network coverage thanks to the satellite module, making it ideal for using the smart glasses in remote areas. The ability to use mobile data services without changing physical SIM cards increases user-friendliness. This improves the operating procedure for the smart glasses.

[0010] The satellite communication module is an active, bidirectional system that enables data exchange between the smart glasses and a communication satellite. The smart glasses can transmit voice, text, internet data, or other digital content via these satellites, processing significantly larger data volumes than GNSS / GPS. The satellite communication module connects the smart glasses independently of terrestrial networks and allows both sending and receiving signals via satellites, thus enabling true data exchange. eSIMs allow for flexible use of mobile networks worldwide without the need for a physical SIM card. This reduces dependence on physical infrastructure (e.g., SIM card swapping) and enables seamless connectivity in urban areas.The satellite communication module, on the other hand, offers worldwide coverage, even in remote areas where mobile networks are inaccessible (e.g., deserts, mountains, open oceans). Combining these two technologies in a compact wearable device like smart glasses is no trivial matter, as it unites the strengths of both technologies: high flexibility and global reach.

[0011] While the eSIM is ideal for everyday connectivity in urban and well-covered areas, the satellite communication module enables the use of the smart glasses in emergency situations or specialized applications (e.g., rescue operations, expeditions, or industrial deployments in remote regions). This combination guarantees a seamless transition between cellular and satellite communication. When no cellular networks are available, the satellite module automatically takes over the connection, which is particularly important for safety-critical applications (e.g., military or medical applications). The smart glasses are equipped with an embedded Universal Integrated Circuit Card (eUlCC) that supports Remote SIM Provisioning (RSP).This module can receive profiles over-the-air (OTA), store and activate multiple provider profiles, and work in compatibility with SMSR / SM-DP+ (Subscription Manager Secure Routing / Data Preparation) without requiring a physical SIM slot.

[0012] The smart glasses' eSIM module supports a bootstrap mode, allowing it to load an initial bootstrap profile and automatically connect to the mobile network without user interaction. After the initial connection, additional provider profiles can be loaded. Remote SIM management functions are also provided, including Remote Profile Download (RPD), Remote Profile Deletion (RPDL), and encrypted transmission via a secure channel according to GSMA SGP.22. In the event of network loss, the smart glasses feature a fallback profile management system, enabling the activation of a local emergency SIM profile and automatic switching between profiles. These advanced features ensure the smart glasses' independent connectivity.

[0013] The smart glasses are equipped with emergency channels that enable SOS satellite messages, provide prioritized routing paths, and activate an emergency mode when terrestrial networks are unavailable. This allows the glasses to communicate reliably even under extreme conditions.

[0014] The glasses' control unit implements a dynamic routing architecture based on the quality of the available network. Connections are prioritized: Wi-Fi is used first, followed by cellular networks, and finally satellite connections. Switching between networks occurs automatically within milliseconds to ensure uninterrupted connectivity. Various bidirectional data transmission services are supported, including messaging, telemetry data, live tracking, and IoT connections.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the data glasses comprise a front part and two temples, a control unit, a WLAN radio module, a mobile communication module, an embedded Universal integrated Circuit Card (eSIM / eUlCC) and a satellite communication module.

[0016] The eSIM is preferably designed as a central identity and authentication unit for at least the mobile communication module and the satellite communication module. The control unit implements a self-contained communication architecture that independently establishes network connections, sends and receives data, and switches between WLAN, mobile communication, and satellite communication without an external end device. This switching is dependent on network quality and / or availability, and the smart glasses are operational without being connected to a smartphone or an external communication device.

[0017] The preferred configuration of the smart glasses specifies that the satellite communication module is authenticated, provisioned, and managed via the integrated eSIM. The eSIM is designed to store multiple communication profiles and also provides an automatic fallback profile specifically for satellite communication. This system integration makes satellite communication particularly user-friendly, as neither flexible provisioning nor automatic profile switching would be possible without the eSIM.

[0018] In its preferred configuration, the smart glasses are specified by having a control unit that implements an autonomous routing and fallback architecture. This routing logic automatically switches to satellite communication in the event of a terrestrial communication network failure, without user interaction, and automatically reverts to the terrestrial networks once they are available again. This enables the smart glasses to operate autonomously, completely eliminating dependence on external host systems or manual intervention.

[0019] The preferred configuration of the smart glasses is specified by a control unit that prioritizes the communication modules based on energy consumption, with the satellite communication module being activated only in an emergency or fallback operating state. Simultaneously, the eSIM ensures secure and continuous identity during switching between different communication networks. This combination of energy management, security architecture, and autonomous network switching addresses the specific requirements of a wearable device and achieves a robust, highly resistant system effect that combines energy efficiency, operational reliability, and self-sufficient connectivity.

[0020] In the smart glasses according to the invention, satellite communication is functionally and technically coupled to eSIM-based identity and profile management. The eSIM forms a central system component for authentication, provisioning, and management of communication connections, particularly for the satellite communication module. Secure, automated, and cross-network operation of satellite communication is not possible without eSIM-based identity management. The eSIM provides, in particular, routing, authentication, fallback, and security functions that are necessary for the autonomous operation of the smart glasses. Satellite communication is an integral part of an eSIM-supported communication architecture.

[0021] Integrating both technologies – eSIM and satellite communication module – into a small device like smart glasses presents an engineering challenge. It requires a compact design, efficient power management, and minimal weight increase to avoid compromising comfort and functionality. This technological innovation distinguishes itself from existing devices (such as smartphones or satellite phones) that typically utilize only one of the two technologies.

[0022] The combination of an eSIM and a satellite communication module in wearable smart glasses was not an obvious solution for experts in this field. Previous solutions relied either on mobile networks (e.g., smartphones with eSIM) or on standalone satellite communication devices. The integration of these two communication methods into a single, user-friendly device is therefore a technological advancement that goes beyond the current state of the art.

[0023] The eSIM can complement satellite services by enabling data and voice communication at lower costs during cellular connections, while the satellite module is activated in areas without network coverage. This intelligent use of resources optimizes connectivity and energy consumption. Users benefit from a reliable, global communication solution that is both economical and energy-efficient.

[0024] The combination of an eSIM and a satellite communication module in smart glasses is inventive, as it not only offers an innovative solution for global connectivity, but also opens up new areas of application, overcomes technical challenges and represents a significant advance over existing technologies.

[0025] In one configuration, smart glasses are specified by the inclusion of a Bluetooth module for wireless communication with external devices, such as smartphones or computers, for data exchange, control, and synchronization. This offers the advantage of simplified integration with other devices like smartphones, facilitating control and data transmission. Additional communication modules may also be present. The communication modules of smart glasses ensure a seamless connection between the glasses and external devices, networks, or applications, covering various application areas. Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is an energy-efficient standard for short-range connections and is ideally suited for synchronization with smartphones or fitness devices. Wi-Fi offers fast and high-volume data transfers, which can be used, for example, for streaming content or accessing cloud-based data.

[0026] NFC (Near Field Communication) enables wireless authentication and data transfer over short distances, which is particularly relevant for secure access mechanisms or contactless payments. A 5G / 6G LTE modem is integrated for mobile internet connections, enabling real-time communication with cloud-based applications, such as live streaming or augmented reality services.

[0027] Zigbee and Z-Wave are specialized communication protocols used in mesh networks, for example, for smart home automation or industrial applications. Ultra-wideband (UWB) enables precise distance measurement to other devices, facilitating indoor navigation or object location. LoRaWAN offers long-range communication with low bandwidth and is ideal for applications in rural areas or IoT devices that transmit only small amounts of data.

[0028] For the fitness and sports sector, ANT+ is an established standard protocol that enables efficient data transmission from sensors such as heart rate monitors or pedometers. Li-Fi, a technology for data transmission via visible light, offers an innovative alternative to wireless standards and is used in environments where radio signals are limited, such as in hospitals or airplanes.

[0029] These diverse communication modules enable the smart glasses to adapt flexibly to different scenarios and requirements and to significantly expand their functionality.

[0030] In one embodiment, the data glasses are specified in that the data glasses comprise the following: a) two front cameras, preferably each with a field of view of 90° to 120°, which together enable a coverage field of up to 180°; b) two side cameras on the outer temples with a field of view of at least 120° each, thereby achieving a total coverage field of 300° to 360°.

[0031] This has the advantage of enabling a 360° all-around view, resulting in better situational awareness. This design is ideally suited for surveillance or AR applications.

[0032] The combination of cameras enables 360-degree coverage, specifically optimized for hand tracking and motion tracking in the front and sides of the user. This optimized hand tracking allows for innovative control methods in augmented and virtual reality applications.

[0033] In one embodiment, the data glasses are specified as including the following: a) infrared LEDs and cameras for capturing eye movements and blinks; b) algorithms for calculating the gaze direction and interpreting the

[0034] Eye movements as control signals; and c) calibration systems to adapt to the individual eye movements of the user.

[0035] Eye movement control offers intuitive and hands-free interaction, especially for people with physical limitations.

[0036] Eye tracking with infrared LEDs and cameras is based on the precise detection and analysis of reflections within the eye. The system uses infrared light because it is invisible to the human eye and therefore causes no distraction or glare. Special cameras capture and analyze the infrared light reflections on the eye's surface to calculate the user's movements and gaze direction. First, infrared LEDs illuminate the eye. These LEDs operate in the near-infrared range (700-900 nm) and are often integrated into the eyeglass frame or around the lenses. The light reflected from the eye's surface is then captured by one or more infrared cameras.The cameras detect two key features: the pupil, which appears as a dark area because it absorbs light, and corneal reflections (so-called "Purkinje images" or glints), which become visible as bright points due to strongly reflected infrared light. These reflections serve as reference points to precisely calculate the relative movement of the pupil and to distinguish between head and eye movements. The cameras capture the position and movement of the pupil as well as the corneal reflections. Using specialized algorithms, the data is analyzed in real time to calculate the viewing angle, gaze direction, and even micro-movements such as blinks. These calculations make it possible to convert eye movements into control signals that can be used, for example, for navigation, scrolling, or selecting objects in a digital environment.Systems with multiple cameras often enable three-dimensional tracking of eye movements, further increasing precision and versatility.

[0037] The system typically requires calibration to adapt to the individual physiological characteristics of the user's eyes. During the calibration process, the user follows a predefined pattern to generate reference data for the algorithms. This calibration ensures optimal accuracy and allows for adaptation to different users. Furthermore, the cameras are equipped with special infrared filters that block visible light and capture only reflected infrared light, guaranteeing reliable operation even under changing lighting conditions.

[0038] Real-time processing of this data allows for rapid responses and ensures smooth interaction, for example in applications such as controlling AR or VR environments, selecting objects by focusing on a point, or navigating menus. The technology is independent of ambient light and functions in both darkness and bright light. It can be discreetly integrated into eyeglass frames without affecting comfort or design.

[0039] The advantages of this technology are numerous: it offers high precision in eye movement tracking, reliable operation in various environments, and versatile applications, from immersive virtual reality to assistive technologies for people with limited mobility. The combination of advanced hardware and intelligent software enables innovative, intuitive, and efficient interaction with digital systems.

[0040] Eye movements are preferably processed in real time to generate control signals for user interactions such as selection, scrolling, or navigation. Real-time processing of eye movements improves reaction time and enables a smooth user experience. The environmental and ambient sensors, as well as the additional and control modules of smart glasses, enable a wide range of functions tailored to diverse applications. Light sensors automatically adjust the display brightness to the ambient light conditions and detect harmful UV radiation to protect the wearer. MEMS-based microphones support voice control and communication and are characterized by high sensitivity and energy efficiency. Ambient temperature sensors measure the outside temperature and provide important data for outdoor activities or medical applications.Air pressure sensors complement altitude measurements and are particularly useful in mountaineering, aviation, or scientific missions.

[0041] In addition, gas and pollutant sensors offer the possibility of recording environmental data such as CO2 concentration or volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which is particularly relevant in urban, industrial, or health-critical environments. Acoustic sensors detect ambient noise and are suitable, for example, in safety-critical applications for detecting movement or gunshots.

[0042] Additional modules are available for specialized applications. Haptic motors generate tactile feedback, such as vibrations, to provide discreet notifications or warnings. IR sensors enable night vision and thermal imaging capabilities and are ideal for rescue operations, military, or industrial applications. UV sensors measure exposure to UV radiation, thus contributing to health protection. Electrochromatic lenses automatically adjust their tint to ambient light conditions to reduce glare and enhance visual comfort. Battery monitoring provides real-time information on energy consumption and charge level to ensure efficient use and extended operating time.

[0043] Control and interaction with the smart glasses is facilitated by capacitive touchpads, gesture sensors, and voice assistants. Capacitive touchpads enable intuitive operation of the glasses by touch, for example, on the temples. Gesture sensors recognize hand and finger movements and enable touchless control—a significant advantage in hygiene-critical environments. Voice assistant integration allows operation via voice commands and provides access to functions such as navigation or information queries. Bone conduction speakers transmit sound through the bones, leaving the ears free and allowing the wearer to perceive their surroundings, which is particularly important for outdoor activities or in safety-critical areas. For rugged applications, such as in the military or medical fields, tactile buttons offer a reliable operating option, even with gloves or under challenging conditions.

[0044] Infrared sensors further enhance the functionality of the smart glasses by enabling them to measure environmental parameters. These versatile modules make the smart glasses a flexible tool for numerous applications, from sports and medicine to rescue operations and military and industrial uses.

[0045] In one embodiment, the data glasses are specified in that the data glasses include at least one display technology from the following group: a) waveguide display; b) micro-LED display; c) OLED display; d) LCOS display; e) DLP display; f) laser beam scanning display; or g) projection-based display.

[0046] The choice between different display technologies allows the glasses to be adapted to specific use cases, such as high-resolution or energy-saving displays.

[0047] Waveguide displays, also known as optical fiber displays, are among the most advanced and widely used technologies in smart glasses. They project images through thin layers of glass that redirect light and direct it precisely to the user's eye. This technology is characterized by its light weight, wide field of view, and compact design. However, waveguide displays are often expensive due to their complex manufacturing process.

[0048] Micro-LED displays consist of tiny LEDs that emit light directly, offering high brightness and impressive energy efficiency. These displays are easily usable even in daylight. However, production costs are currently still high, and the technology requires further development to optimize it for smaller, wearable devices such as smart glasses.

[0049] OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) displays are self-illuminating and do not require backlighting, allowing for a very slim design. They offer high contrast, vibrant colors, and low power consumption. However, they are susceptible to burn-in and have limited brightness in direct sunlight.

[0050] LCOS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon) displays utilize reflective technology, where the image is projected by external light and modulated by liquid crystals. They offer sharp image reproduction, are less expensive to manufacture, and very compact. However, a disadvantage of these displays is their lower brightness compared to other technologies.

[0051] Digital Light Processing (DLP) displays use tiny mirrors to reflect light and project images. This technology offers exceptionally high resolution and image quality. However, DLP displays are associated with higher power consumption and a more complex cooling system, which makes their use in portable devices more difficult.

[0052] Laser beam scanning displays work by projecting images directly onto the retina of the eye using laser scanning. They offer exceptionally sharp images, good brightness, and are small and lightweight. However, this technology is not yet widely used due to its high cost and limited commercial availability.

[0053] Projection-based displays project the image onto a transparent surface in front of the user's eye and are also compact and lightweight. However, they often have limited image quality and low contrast, which can restrict their applications.

[0054] Choosing the optimal display technology for smart glasses depends on various factors, including the application environment (e.g., indoors or outdoors), use in daylight or at night, the required image quality, and power supply availability. Each technology offers specific advantages and limitations that must be carefully weighed against each other.

[0055] The memory and processor modules of smart glasses ensure powerful computing capabilities and flexible storage options to support a wide range of applications. Internal memory allows data and applications to be stored directly on the glasses, guaranteeing fast and reliable operation. A microSD card slot provides additional storage and allows for easy expansion for offline use – ideal for scenarios where a permanent internet connection is unavailable. Advanced AI processors enable edge computing, where data is processed directly on the glasses without sending it to the cloud. This enables real-time data analysis, for example, in object recognition, navigation, or sensor data processing, and significantly reduces latency.For specific tasks, such as image processing or the implementation of complex AI algorithms, FPGA or ASIC chips are used. These specialized chips are optimized for high efficiency and performance in energy-intensive calculations, making them particularly suitable for applications in fields such as medicine, the military, or industry.

[0056] Together, these memory and processor modules form the technical backbone of the data glasses and contribute significantly to their versatility and performance.

[0057] In one embodiment, the data glasses are specified as comprising: a) electrochromatic lenses that change their tint when an electrical voltage is applied, based on materials such as, in particular, tungsten oxide (WO3); b) a control module for regulating the voltage; c) a battery for power supply; and / or d) a Bluetooth module for controlling the tint via a mobile app.

[0058] Adjusting the glass tint in real time improves comfort in changing light conditions, e.g. when moving between indoor and outdoor areas.

[0059] It is advantageous that the tint can be controlled in real time via a mobile app, with the ability to save preset tint levels and integrate ambient light sensors for automatic adjustments. Automatic tint adjustment based on ambient light ensures optimal vision and increases user comfort.

[0060] In one embodiment, the data glasses are specified by comprising sensors from the following group: a) gyroscope, b) 3D accelerometer, c) magnetometer, d) GPS, e) pressure sensor, and / or f) light sensor.

[0061] The integration of versatile sensors expands the range of applications, such as motion tracking, navigation and environmental analysis.

[0062] The sensors in smart glasses are used to precisely track the user's movements and positions and are indispensable in fields such as navigation, sports, medical rehabilitation, and military operations. Among the most important sensors are inertial measurement units (IMUs), which combine an accelerometer, a gyroscope, and a magnetometer. The accelerometer measures linear accelerations and detects movements such as steps or head movements, which is particularly relevant for fitness tracking and gesture control. The gyroscope measures angular velocity, which improves orientation in virtual or augmented reality and stabilizes motion displays. The magnetometer measures orientation relative to the Earth's magnetic field and functions as a digital compass, supporting navigation.

[0063] A GPS / GLONASS / Galileo module enables precise positioning and speed measurements and is particularly helpful for outdoor activities such as hiking, sports, or military operations. Barometers or altimeters are used to measure altitude and are employed in aviation, mountaineering, or fitness programs that utilize elevation profiles. An optical flow sensor measures relative movement through the environment, for example, the user's movement relative to the ground. This technology is often used in drones but can also be used in areas with challenging GPS conditions for more accurate positioning.

[0064] Finally, position sensors enable the detection of head tilt and position, which is particularly relevant for motion tracking and gaze direction analysis in augmented reality or medical applications. They also provide an immersive experience in sports smart glasses. The combination of these sensors enables comprehensive motion tracking, improves user interaction, and creates precise environmental perception for a wide range of applications.

[0065] In one embodiment, the smart glasses are specified as including the following: a) a lidar scanner for depth detection; b) infrared sensors for motion detection; and c) an AR / MR / VR vision system to support immersive applications.

[0066] A lidar scanner and such vision systems enhance immersive experiences, ideal for augmented and mixed reality applications (augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and mixed reality (MR)).

[0067] In one embodiment, the smart glasses are specified as comprising the following: a) a UMTS / LTE / 5G / 6G module for mobile data communication; b) a mini-satellite module; and / or c) a radio module for LoRa or Z-Wave.

[0068] Versatile communication modules ensure connectivity in a wide variety of environments, from urban to remote areas.

[0069] A UMTS / LTE / 5G / 6G module enables extremely fast data transmission with minimal latency. Especially with 5G and, in the future, 6G networks, gigabit data rates are achievable, making it ideal for data-intensive applications such as streaming, augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and cloud-based computing. This allows content like high-resolution videos, interactive AR elements, and complex 3D models to be transmitted almost in real time. Thanks to mobile network standards like LTE and 5G, the glasses are independent of Wi-Fi networks. Users can enjoy stable connections even on the go, for example, when navigating, accessing cloud data, or using communication services. UMTS / LTE is available in many regions, ensuring basic coverage. With the expansion of 5G, network coverage will be further improved, particularly in urban areas. The glasses are becoming a valuable tool for industrial applications.Using 5G / 6G, it can communicate in real time with machines or databases as part of IoT (Internet of Things) systems, which is useful, for example, in maintenance, logistics, or manufacturing. The integration of 6G technology makes the glasses future-proof and ensures that they will also function seamlessly with future communication standards.

[0070] Satellite communication enables data and voice connections in areas without mobile network coverage. This is particularly advantageous for users in remote regions, during outdoor activities such as hiking, sailing, or expeditions, or in disaster areas where mobile networks often fail.

[0071] The satellite module enables the glasses to facilitate life-saving communication in emergency situations, independent of mobile networks. For example, an SOS signal or location data can be transmitted. Unlike mobile network modules, a satellite module does not rely on local infrastructure. This is ideal for applications in rural or underserved areas.

[0072] Satellite communication transforms the glasses into a versatile device for professional applications, such as mining, rescue operations, or research. This also makes them attractive to specialized industries and institutions. Thanks to satellite systems like Starlink, Iridium, or OneWeb, the glasses can access global networks and ensure connectivity anywhere.

[0073] LoRa (Long Range) is ideal for energy-efficient communication over long distances, up to several kilometers. This enables extended use of the glasses without frequent recharging and is particularly useful for IoT applications requiring continuous data transmission, such as environmental data logging, location monitoring, or sensor data. LoRa is not intended for large data volumes but rather for specific IoT applications. It is ideally suited for transmitting smaller data sets, such as sensor data or control information, thus increasing the efficiency of the smart glasses. Z-Wave is a wireless protocol optimized for smart home applications. With a Z-Wave module, the glasses can communicate directly with and control smart devices such as lighting systems, thermostats, or security systems. This provides users with an intuitive interface for managing their smart home. Both technologies are optimized for robust connections.Z-Wave, for example, operates on a frequency that is less susceptible to interference from Wi-Fi or Bluetooth. LoRa can also ensure stable connections even under challenging conditions, such as in buildings or industrial environments.

[0074] Z-Wave supports mesh networks, in which each device acts as a repeater. This significantly extends the range of the glasses within a smart home network.

[0075] The combination of these modules in smart glasses offers maximum flexibility and versatility. UMTS / LTE / 5G / 6G ensures fast connections in urban and well-developed areas. The mini-satellite module expands the range of applications to global communication, independent of mobile networks. LoRa or Z-Wave enable energy-efficient and specialized functions, making the glasses suitable for IoT and smart home scenarios. These technologies complement each other, making the smart glasses a universal, future-proof device that can be used in a wide variety of environments and applications.

[0076] The communication technologies and sensors are integrated in such a way as to ensure energy-efficient operation with minimal weight and maximum compactness. Good energy efficiency and low weight increase everyday usability and wearing comfort over extended periods.

[0077] The smart glasses ideally include security mechanisms such as encrypted Bluetooth transmissions, authentication protocols, and user-defined privacy settings. Enhanced security protects sensitive data and strengthens user trust in the technology.

[0078] The smart glasses preferably include a calibration system that adapts the glasses and their controls to different facial geometries and user habits. Adapting to individual face shapes ensures a better fit and increases wearing comfort.

[0079] The smart glasses feature adaptive energy management, which adjusts energy consumption depending on the use of individual modules. Furthermore, unused energy resources can be reused through energy recycling, extending battery life and optimizing overall consumption.

[0080] Thanks to its modular design, individual components such as communication modules or sensor packages can be replaced or expanded. This allows for flexible adaptation to different applications and facilitates upgrades or repairs.

[0081] The smart glasses utilize advanced encryption technologies, including hardware-based data protection measures and optional blockchain-based solutions, to ensure the security of user data against unauthorized access. AES-256 encryption, a secure element module, and / or blockchain technology are employed to guarantee the security of data transmission.

[0082] The smart glasses are designed for use in extreme environments. They feature a water-, dust-, and shock-resistant construction and are particularly suitable for outdoor activities, rescue operations, military applications, or occupational safety. The smart glasses are rated IP68 for water and dust resistance and can be operated in temperatures ranging from -40°C to +70°C.

[0083] The smart glasses' software architecture is designed for efficient control of the modules and sensors. AI-powered algorithms optimize user data in real time, simplifying operation and improving overall performance. These algorithms combine sensor data to enable precise motion and location analysis. Integrated sensors include GPS, lidar, and accelerometers.

[0084] The smart glasses' open API enables seamless integration into IoT systems and smart home applications. A mobile app offers additional control options.

[0085] The smart glasses' circuit board is designed as a rigid-flex PCB with two symmetrical sides for integration into the temple structure. Double-sided SMT assembly is used for maximum component density, while vertical signal routing is achieved via blind and buried vias. Separate submodules handle audio processing, sensors, and communication interfaces such as BLE and LTE. The miniature layout is created in Altium 365 format and optimized to ensure CE and EMC compliance.

[0086] The smart glasses are powered by a miniaturized DC / DC converter module with an efficiency of at least 90%. Integrated charging protection electronics support USB-C, wireless charging, and external power sources. The USB-C port is E-Mark compliant and supports Power Delivery 3.0, while a battery management system (BMS) integrated on the PCB ensures safe charging and discharging of the power cell.

[0087] The smart glasses include internal non-volatile memory, in particular flash memory, for local storage of data, applications, and AI models. In one embodiment, the memory can be logically expandable, for example, by connecting external storage resources via network or cloud interfaces, without requiring a physically accessible memory slot.

[0088] At the same time, the EMC-optimized separation of digital and high-frequency ground rails ensures stable signal transmission and reduced electromagnetic interference. Mechanically, the circuit board is designed for an ultra-compact housing, with a defined layer structure and flexible connecting elements between the front panel and bracket facilitating integration. The design is compatible with injection molding, adhesive bonding, and laser welding processes, enabling the creation of a robust, miniaturized housing.

[0089] In an advantageous configuration, the smart glasses are capable of locally distributing the internet connection established by the integrated satellite communication module to external devices. For this purpose, the control unit can provide a hotspot or bridge mode, in which the data connection received via the satellite module is broadcast either as a local wireless network via WLAN or as a Bluetooth Personal Area Network (PAN). In this scenario, the glasses act as a central communication hub, prioritizing between several available communication channels: If a mobile or broadband connection via the integrated eSIM is available, it is used preferentially. If this connection fails or is unavailable, the glasses automatically switch to the satellite channel and continue to provide the internet connection locally for connected devices.

[0090] This design allows the smart glasses to function as a portable satellite bridge, enabling internet-based communication in remote or infrastructure-poor areas. This is particularly advantageous for outdoor sports, shipping, mountainous terrain, air traffic, rescue operations, military applications, expeditions, or security-critical scenarios where a continuous network connection for mobile devices is essential. Furthermore, other wearables such as smartwatches, smartphones, laptops, tablets, or additional smart glasses can be connected to the internet via the glasses. The glasses thus serve not only as a standalone display and data acquisition device but also as a central network access point for a local ecosystem of end devices.

[0091] The smart glasses' control unit automatically prioritizes between mobile communication via the eSIM and satellite communication, switching to the satellite channel automatically if the mobile connection fails. It can provide internet access to multiple external devices simultaneously, dynamically distributing bandwidth. An encryption module ensures secure data transmission, optionally supports VPN tunneling, and implements security protocols for authenticating external devices. The control unit also includes a power management mode to optimize the satellite communication module's power consumption, with optional solar or energy harvester power supply.

[0092] The satellite communication module is designed for various satellite networks such as LEO, MEO, or GEO networks. In conjunction with an edge computing module, the glasses enable local data processing, including data filtering and prioritization for transmission to external devices. An integrated emergency protocol ensures that SOS signals are automatically sent via the satellite modem if needed. The glasses can simultaneously manage cellular, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and satellite connections as a multi-channel radio, act as the primary network access point for other wearables or sensor devices, and implement a firewall function to control data traffic between end devices and the satellite connection. In multi-device mode, several devices can be assigned different priority levels, ensuring flexible, secure, and continuous network connectivity.

[0093] The data glasses are preferably specified by the fact that the control unit includes a complex energy architecture that implements separate power domains, dynamic load distribution between multiple batteries, priority-based energy allocation to communication and sensor modules, and adaptive energy control for controlling module activity, duty cycle, and CPU load, wherein the architecture in particular operates high-frequency modules such as satellite communication, mobile communications, WLAN, and Bluetooth stably and minimizes thermal hot spots.

[0094] The smart glasses integrate various communication and sensor modules with very different energy requirements. The satellite communication module requires between 2 and 5 W and generates high power loads and temperature spikes, while the cellular module consumes 0.5 to 2 W and generates peak loads, especially during uploads. Wi-Fi loads the system with approximately 0.5 W during data streams, Bluetooth operates very energy-efficiently at around 0.05 W, and GNSS is permanently active but requires only 0.02–0.05 W. CPU and AI modules consume 0.5 to 1 W depending on the load, while cameras draw between 0.2 and 1 W depending on video usage. This extreme range in power requirements is not addressed by current technology.

[0095] High-frequency transmitters such as LTE, 5G, and satellite modules generate short but powerful current spikes that strain batteries, cause voltage drops on the circuit board, and compromise system stability. The invention solves these problems by using separate power domains, buffer capacitors, intelligent load management, and distributed power sources, such as a dual-battery architecture. In this dual-power architecture, the batteries on the left and right sides operate in separate domains, efficiently distributing load spikes, thermal hot spots, and the high power requirements of the satellite module. One battery handles the base load, while the other manages peak loads.

[0096] To further optimize energy management, the glasses implement a prioritization system for the communication modules, giving highest priority to emergency call and satellite connections, followed by cellular, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and the sensor cluster. Additionally, adaptive power scheduling is employed, which dynamically determines which modules are active, which are in sleep mode, the duty cycle, when the CPU throttles, and how the load is distributed between the batteries. Simultaneously, thermal stress is controlled through separate power domains, thermal bridges, a modular design, and intelligent transmission mode.This combination of multi-power domain, dynamic load balancing, energy prioritization and thermal management represents a novel, self-sufficient energy architecture that enables stable operation of all communication and sensor modules, increases security, optimizes battery life and guarantees continuous satellite and mobile connectivity even under high load.

[0097] The invention addresses and solves an energy and thermal problem that does not exist in the prior art. Only the combination of several active high-frequency transmitters in an extremely miniaturized form factor necessitates the dedicated power domain structure. Without this energy architecture, the claimed functionality of the smart glasses—including satellite communication, emergency call function, and multi-device connectivity—would not be technically feasible, whereas the prior art merely demonstrates the modules but does not provide a functioning, integrated system.

[0098] The invention integrates several high-frequency systems simultaneously into a compact spectacle temple, combining LTE / 5G / 6G, satellite, WiFi (5 GHz, 6 GHz), Bluetooth, and GNSS patch antennas. This combination represents a highly complex RF system that, due to its tight spatial integration within a wearable device, exhibits an extremely high potential for interference. Without targeted RF design, intermodulation, resonances, and signal loss could occur, especially since the transmitter frequency ranges vary considerably: LTE / 5G operates in the 700-3600 MHz range, GNSS in the 1500 MHz range, Bluetooth in the 2.4 GHz range, WiFi in the 5.8 GHz range, and SatCom in the L- or S-band. To address these issues, the invention tackles several technical challenges: The necessary antenna spacing and isolation are ensured by dividing the modules between the left and right temples, using differentiated antenna positions, incorporating RF shielding, and structurally integrating the modules into plastic or carbon fiber.To minimize body absorption, also known as the head shadowing effect, antennas are positioned at the front, far from the skull, slightly inclined, and made of RF-optimized materials. The RF routing in the PCB incorporates optimized trace lengths, a defined impedance of 50 ohms, minimization of crosstalk, ground planes for decoupling, and appropriate matching networks. Furthermore, the invention utilizes various antenna types such as monopoles, dipoles, PIFA, patch antennas, and microstrip antennas, positioning them precisely according to RF principles. Finally, conductive films, ferrite materials, insulating plastics, and an RF-optimized headband design are used for shielding, while the power amplifier management of the mobile communication and satellite systems controls RF feedback, heat generation, and current spikes.This combination of RF design measures ensures interference-free, stable and high-performance RF integration in an extremely compact wearable form factor.

[0099] There are numerous ways to develop and further refine the invention. Reference is first made to the claims subordinate to claim 1. A preferred embodiment of the invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing and the accompanying description. The drawing shows:

[0100] Fig. 1 shows a schematic front view of data glasses,

[0101] Fig. 2 shows a schematic top view of the data glasses from Fig. 1.

[0102] The data glasses 1 consist of a front part 2 and two temples 3, 4, into which various components are integrated. The frame 2a houses, among other things, the two displays 2b, 2c, which enable the visual display. Also located in the front part 2 are two front cameras 9, 10, while the side cameras 11, 12 are integrated into the temples 3, 4 to ensure a 360-degree view. The illustrations serve only to demonstrate the approximate position of the components. Other configurations are possible.

[0103] The temples 3 and 4 also contain communication modules such as the WLAN radio module 5, the eSIM 6, the satellite communication module 7, and the Bluetooth module 8. A touchpad 22 and a control unit 21, including an on / off switch, are integrated for control and interaction. Power is supplied by the two batteries 13 and 14, which are also housed in the temples 3 and 4 and can be charged inductively or via Li-ion.

[0104] Additional components include a lidar scanner 15 for depth sensing, a light sensor 16, two speakers 17, 18 for audio playback, and a microphone 19 for recording speech and ambient sounds. The central processing unit is provided by the CPU 20. Various sensors 23, including a gyroscope, a 3D accelerometer, GPS, a magnetometer, a pressure sensor, and infrared sensors, support data processing and motion tracking.

[0105] Another innovative feature is the eye control system 24, which consists of infrared LEDs and an infrared camera to detect eye movements and interpret them as control signals.

[0106] Reference symbol list:

[0107] 1 data glasses

[0108] 2 Front part

[0109] 2a frame

[0110] 2b Display

[0111] 2c Display

[0112] 3 hangers

[0113] 4 hangers

[0114] 5 WLAN radio module

[0115] 6 eSIM

[0116] 7 Satellite communication module

[0117] 8 Bluetooth module

[0118] 9 Front camera

[0119] 10 Front camera

[0120] 11 side cameras

[0121] 12 side cameras

[0122] 13 Battery

[0123] 14 batteries

[0124] 15 LiDAR scanners

[0125] 16 Light sensor

[0126] 17 speakers

[0127] 18 speakers

[0128] 19 microphones

[0129] 20 CPU

[0130] 21 Control unit

[0131] 22 Touchpad

[0132] 23 Additional sensors: Gyroscope, 3D accelerometer, GPS, magnetometer,

[0133] Pressure sensor, infrared sensor

[0134] 24 Eye tracking devices (infrared LED and infrared camera)

Claims

1. Patent claims:

1. Data glasses (1) comprising a front part (2) and two temples (3, 4), wherein the following communication modules are integrated into or attached to the front part (2) and / or the temples (3, 4): a) a radio module (5) for wireless communication via WLAN (Wi-Fi); b) an eSIM (6) for direct use of mobile data services without a physical SIM card; and / or c) a satellite communication module (7) for global data and voice communication via satellites, particularly for areas without mobile network coverage.

2. Data glasses according to claim 1, further comprising a Bluetooth module (8) for wireless communication with external devices, such as smartphones or computers, for data exchange, control and synchronization.

3. Data glasses according to one of the preceding claims comprising: a) two front cameras (9, 10), preferably each with a field of view of 90° to 120°, which together enable a coverage field of up to 180°; b) two side cameras (11, 12) on the temples (3, 4) with a field of view of at least 120° each, thereby achieving a total coverage field of 300° to 360°.

4. Data glasses according to claim 4, wherein the combination of cameras (8, to 11) enables all-round capture, which is specifically optimized for hand tracking and motion tracking in the front and side area of ​​the user.

5. Data glasses according to one of the preceding claims comprising: a) infrared LEDs and cameras for detecting eye movements and blinks; b) algorithms for calculating the gaze direction and interpreting the eye movements as control signals; and c) calibration systems for adapting to the individual eye movements of the user.

6. Data glasses according to claim 5, wherein the eye movements are processable in real time to generate control signals for user interactions such as selection, scrolling or navigation.

7. Data glasses according to one of the preceding claims comprising at least one display technology from the following group: a) optical waveguide display; b) micro-LED display; c) OLED display; d) LCOS display; e) DLP display; f) laser beam scanning display; or g) projection-based display.

8. Data glasses according to one of the preceding claims comprising: a) electrochromatic lenses which change their tint when an electrical voltage is applied, based on materials such as, in particular, tungsten oxide (WO3); b) a control module for regulating the voltage; c) a battery for power supply; and d) a Bluetooth module for controlling the tint via a mobile app.

9. Data glasses according to claim 8, wherein the tint can be controlled in real time via a mobile app, with the ability to save preset tint levels and to integrate ambient light sensors for automatic adjustments.

10. Data glasses according to one of the preceding claims comprising sensors from the following group: a) gyroscope, b) 3D accelerometer, c) magnetometer, d) GPS, e) pressure sensor, and / or f) light sensor.

11. Data glasses according to claim 10, further comprising: a) a lidar scanner for depth sensing; b) infrared sensors for motion detection; and c) an AR / MR / VR vision system to support immersive applications.

12. Data glasses according to one of the preceding claims comprising: a) a UMTS / LTE / 5G / 6G module for mobile data communication; b) a mini-satellite module; and / or c) a radio module for LoRa or Z-Wave.

13. Data glasses according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a control unit of the data glasses can locally forward the internet connection received via the integrated satellite communication module (7) to several external terminal devices, wherein a hotspot or bridge mode is provided and the connection is transmitted via WLAN or Bluetooth PAN.

14. Data glasses according to claim 13, characterized in that the control unit automatically prioritizes between mobile communication via the eSIM and satellite communication and switches to the satellite channel in the event of failure of the mobile connection.

15. Data glasses according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the control unit performs a dynamic bandwidth distribution to the connected terminal devices, encrypts the local transmission of the data connection, optionally supports VPN tunneling and / or provides security protocols for authenticating external terminal devices.

16. Data glasses according to one of the preceding claims, in that the control unit comprises a power architecture that implements separate power domains, a dynamic load distribution between multiple batteries, priority-based power allocation to communication and sensor modules, and an adaptive power control for controlling module activity, duty cycle, and CPU load, wherein the power architecture in particular stably operates high-frequency modules such as the satellite communication module (7), mobile communications via the eSIM (6), WLAN, and Bluetooth via the radio module (5) and minimizes thermal hot spots.

17. Method for operating a data glasses according to one of the preceding claims.

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